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IMPORTANT CARDIGANSHIRE CASE.
IMPORTANT CARDIGANSHIRE CASE. SWANSEA ASSIZES, TUESDAY .T" 31.-Before Baron Bramwell and a special jury. MARY DAVIES AND JOHN JENKINS V. FF: II AND OTHERS- This action was brought by Miss Mary Da vies, daughter of the Rev. John Davies, formerly incumbent of Eglwys Each, and Mr. John Jenkins, of Pennant, to recover one half of certain farms in the parish of Cilcennin. Mr. B. T. Williams, Q.C., and Mr. Coxon (instructed by Mr. Griffith Jones, solicitor, Aberystwyth) appeared for the plaintiffs and Mr. Mclntyre, Q.C., Mr. J. Bowen. Q.C., and Mr. Thomas Hughes (instructed by Mr. W. H. Thomas, solicitor, Aberystwyth, and another) for the defendants.. Mr. Williams, in opening the case for the plaintiffs, stated that it was an action worthy of the consideration and ingenuity of a Swansea special jury. The plaintiffs claimed one half of farms caHed Bwlchydwr, Glanrhos, Pwll-llacca-Glas, Bankbach, Mount Hobe, and Moun- tain Gate, as representing two daughters of one David Evan, who made a will in 1778, devising premises called Hendre, which the plaintiffs contended contained the pro- perty now in question, to each of his daughters for life, and, according to a decision of the Court of King's Bench in 1815, to his grand-daughters for life, and afterwards to his own right heirs. All the testator's daughters and grand-daughters were now dead, the last of the grand- daughters. the mother of some of the defendants, dying in 1871. The plaintiffs' right, therefore, did not accrue until that time. In the year 1872 the present plaintiffs brought an action to recover the property now under consideration from the defendants. The case was tried at the Cardigan Assizes, but the plaintiffs -were un- successful, and were non-suited. In the present case it would be necessary, in the first place, for him to prove the pedigree of Miss Davies, and also the pedigree of Mr. Evan Evans, whose interest had been bought by Mr. John Jenkins. The next question involved in the case would be that of parcels whether the property now sought to be recovered was a part of the property devised by the will of David Evan. The evidence in support of his case was partly documentary and partly oral evidence. David was, in his day, evidently the yeoman of the parish, and the property called Hendre extended to the Rhos, Cil- cennin, and was probably the largest estate in that parish. No doubt in order to cultivate it properly it became necessary to erect houses, and to make homes for the servants and the workmen, and in course of time to those houses were given pieces of land, carved out of the property called Hendre. With the increase of population and development of the land this became more frequent. With regard to Bwlchydwr he should be able to show that within the memory of some of the oldest persons now liv- ing it was a tailor's cottage, and all the land now held at that place, about sixty acres, was then held with Hendre proper. An old witness would be called to prove that the cattle and sheep of Hendre grazed Bwlchydwr; that on many occasions he was sent by the vicar of the parish to Hugh the tailor to go to the churchyard to play ball on the church wall with the vicar that he remem- bered the division of Hendre and Bwlchydwr, which took place on the marriage of Evan Price, the eldest son of David Price, .who then occupied Hendre, with the sister of the then landlord; and that at that time outbuildings were erected, and the tailor's cottage improved, and converted into a farm house. That would be the story which he would have to lay before the jury. He would supplement that by documentary evidence. He would put in the en- closure award of the Rhos, Cilcennin, which gave an allot- ment to Hendre estate although Hendre as at present held did not adjoin the common. Another important piece of evidence would be the land tax assessment, by which it would be found that up to 1824 Hendre was charged with 13s. 4d. From that time that sum was divided as follows Hendre, 7s. 4d. Bwlchydwr, 6s., making the same total of 13s. 4d. He would also call Mr. J. P. Howell, deputy steward of the manor of Haminiog, who would prove that the chief rent on Hendre (7s.) was out of all proportion as Hendre was at present held but if Hendre comprised the other pieces of land, now sought to be recovered in this ac- tion, that sum would be proportionate.) Mr. Coxon then put in certificates to prove the marriage of Evan Evans, of Park-y-gwynion, with Jane, the daugh- ter of David Evan the certificate of baptism of Daniel their eldest son, who married Elizabeth Jones; certificates of baptism of Daniel, their eldest son, and David their second son the certificate of the marriage of David with Sarah Williams, of Goitre, and the bap- tism of Evan Evans, through whom John Jenkins claimed. Mr. John Jones, Cwmmelin, was then called to prove that he remembered Daniel the son of Daniel that at the time he saw him he was very consumptive and that wit- ness had always heard that he died at Cambridge about 1820. In cross-examination, witness said that David Evans's eldest son was also called Daniel, and that he was born before marriage. Witness was sure Daniel was born before marriage, because he (witness) was to have gone to the wedding, but it was put off on account of the birth. Evan Evans, Penuwch, said he heard from his mother that his elder brother was born before marriage. Being cross-examined, he said the baptismal register of the parish of IJanbadarn Odyn showed Daniel to have been baptised thirteen months after the marriage. Mr. Evan Williams, Bwlehyddwyiallt, Llangeitho, said iM that he was the brother of Sarah Williams, the mother of Evan Evans and Daniel. He also proved that Daniel was born before marriage. Mr. Rees Thomas, Nantmelin, Llangeitho, gave evidence to the same effect. In cross-examination the baptismal register was put into his hands when he stated that the entry was made many years after the time it was purported to be made. It was made for the purpose of obtaining money from the Haberdashers' Hall Company. An old relative of Evans, of Parkygwynion, had left some money to the Haberdashers' Hall Company to distribute among his descendants, and that money could not be got for Daniel without the certificate of baptism. In order to get over the difficulty Daniel's grandfather succeeded in getting the entry made in the register. This informs tion was given to witness by Daniel's grandfather. Mr. Williams, Q.C., called his Lordship's attention to the entry. The pages of the book were divided into cohimns for entries and the page upon which this par- ticular entry appeared included December, 1823, ana at the foot, and outside the ruled part, and also after the December entries, was the entry of the baptism of Daniel in November, 1823. The entry was out of order, and, moreover, it appeared to have been written in different ink to the rest of the names. His Lordship examined the book, and afterwards re- marked that it strongly corroborated what plaintiffs witnesses had said. He had no doubt the entry had been made for an object. Mr. Mc Intyre then admitted the pedigree of Miss Davies. His Lordship thereupon remarked that as the admissitfei had not been made before, he would make the defendants pay the cost incurred on that account whatever the result of the action might be. Mr. Evan Evans, Aberystwyth, clerk in Mr. Fredk. Roberts's offices, produced the enclosure award of the Cilcennin Common, showing that an allotment had been made to Hendre estate, but not to Bwlchydwr, or to the other places claimed in this action, although they were nearer the Common. Mr. Mc Intyre here raised an objection to the admissi- bility of the award without first calling upon Mr. Howell, the deputy steward of the manor. Mr. J. P. Howell was accordingly called. He stated that he believed an allotment had been made to all the farms in Cilcennin except Bwlchydwr that he collected the chief rents for the Crown that Hendre was charged 7s. and that no charge wan made for Bwlchydwr. In cross-examination witness stated that Plas Cilcennin did not appear in the list; neither did Tynewydd nor Llaeth- ddu, nor certain other farms mentioned by defendants' counsel. He did not know why they were excluded, un- less the chief rent had been exonerated, or they might have formed a part of some other premises. He had not examined the award carefully, but only one page. At this stage of the proceedings it was arranged that Mr. Howell should inspect the award more minutely, and be re-called on the following day. WEDNESDAY. Mr. Evan Evans was re-called, and produced the land tax assessments deposited at the office of the clerk of the peace, who was also clerk to the commissioners. The as- sessments up to 1824 showed 13s. 4d. (the land tax of Hendre) had been redeemed. 1 rom 1824 that sum was divided into 7s. 4d. on Hendre, and 6s. on Bwlchydwr. In cross-examination witness stated that he had no know- ledge of the farms in the parish. Mr. Edward Williams, surgeon, Aberaeron, proved the inability of Thomas Williams, of Drefach, and Elizabeth Davies, of Aberaeron, to attend to give evidence. He also stated that Jane Williams, of Lampeter, who was then at Swansea, was not, owing to her great age and the excitement caused by her removal, in a fit state to give evidence. 0 The Associate of the Court thereupon read the deposi- tions of those witnesses taken before an examiner. Jane Williams, at the commencement of her examination, said she was 87 years of age, but at the latter part stated that she was 95, if not more. She said that she remembered Hugh the tailor and his mother living at Bwlchydwr; that the Hendre land at that time reached the Rhos, Cilcennin; and that when Evan Price went to live there farm build- ings were erected, and Hendre was divided into two farms. Her father made the boundary fence. Cross-examined, witness stated that she did not know Hugh the tailor until she was about thirty years of age, and that the land at Hendre ran both sides of Cilcennin church. Mr. Thomas Williams said he remembered the erection of the outbuildings of Bwlchydwr. They were built by Griffiths, of Canaan. Witness believed a part of Hendre land was given to Bwlchydwr. IrH. Elizabeth Davies said when she first remembered Bwlchydwr it was only a cottage with a small cow-house. Mr. John Evans was called. Owing to his extreme age he wa§ accommodated with a seat near he judge. He stated that he was born at Lone, which adjoined Bwlchy- dwr that he was 89 years of age; that when eight_ or nine vears of age he used to be the icar of Cilcennin's errand boy, and as such was often sent by the parson to Hu"h the tailor to ask him to go to the churchyard to play balf on the church wall with the Vicar. Witness also went with the servant of Hendre to shepherd the cattle and sheep of Hendre which then grazed Bwlchydwr. When fourteen years of age witness's father removed to Llanycroyddin, and witness took about fifty sheep belonging to Hendre to graze at Llanycroyddin. They°were taken there 'because Hendre had been divided into two farms, and there was not sufficient pasture at Hendre for the sheep during the summer. This witness, in answer to Mr. Mclntyre, said he lived at Aberaeron Workhouse The land that now formed Bwlchydwr was common rough land, but it was not a part of Rhos. There was a hedge round it. He had been fifty years m Lon- don When asked if he could speak English, witness replied in that language, "No; not one word." Wit. ness'? remark caused a great deal of amusement which was again renewed when, leaving his exalted seat, he made a profound a.nd dignified salaam to the Jjudge. lr. David Evans, Tycryn, Cilcennin, seventy-seven years of age, said that when a very small Doy ne recol- lected the erection of the Bwlchydwr out-buildings. Pre- vious to that time there was only a sniall cow-house attached to Bwlchydwr. He remembered the erection of the out-buildings because he and other small boys of his age followed the example of the masons by making a struc- ture across a rivulet. Witness used to boast that he was the best mason of the lot; of which he was often reminded in after years. Mary Jones, Maesymillion, Dihewid, and Evan Price, Mydroelin, proved that the rents of Bwlchydwr and the other places claimed in the action were received by the landlords of Hendre. Mary Jones also stated that when her father, who in after years occupied Bwlchydwr, asked the landlord to do certain repairs he refused to do so, be- cause the property would go from him on the death of his wife and his wife s sister. This witness also proved that the property now claimed with Hendre, as now known, went under the general name of the Hendre estate. Mr. J. W. Szlumper, C.E., the county surveyor of Car- digan, stated that Bwlchydwr was only a labourer's cottage with additions made to it. It was in no way equal to the size and importance of the place. This being the plaintiffs' case Mr. Mclntyre submitted that the words of the will did not comprise the property in dispute, and that the testator gave estates tail or es- j tates in fee to the daughters and not for life. On both points the J udled against the Counsel hold- ing that the Court of King's Bench, in 1816, had decided the latter point. Mr. Mclntyre then addressed the jury. He said that he had been challenged by Mr. B. T. Wil- liams to produce the title deeds if he held the property under any other title than David Evan's will. He, how- ever, would not gratify his friend, but would follow the example of Lord St. Leonards, who when called upon to produce his title deeds refused to do so. Like his lord- ship the defendants would stand upon their rights. He commented upon the evidence of Jane Williams, and pointed out that in her evidence in chief she said the first occupier of Bwlchydwr, she knew, was Hugh the tailor, Afterwards she stated that she did not know Hugh the tailor until she was thirty years of age. He also re- minded the jury that the action had been brought in 1872,1 to recover the property by the present plaintiffs; that that action was tried by Baron Channell at Cardigan, and that it had failed. Mr. Williams had not dared that morning to put Mr. Howell again into the box, although he had attached great importance to the award and the chief rent roll. He (Mr. Mclntyre) would call old wit- nesses who would prove that as far as their recollection went, Bwlchydwr had always been the same, separate and independent of Hendre. THURSDAY. David Llewelin, now in the service of Mrs. Lewes, Llanaeron, David Evans, Gwrdyfach, Llanybyther, and Jenkin Phillips, of Mountain Gate, were called, and proved that Bwlchydwr, as far as they knew, had always been the same that previous to the erection of the present out-buildings there was a long house opposite the dwelling house. The first tenant they remembered was Evan Price. These witnesses were not cross-examined by plaintiffs' counsel. Mr. Mclntyre and Mr. B. T. Williams having again ad- dressed the jury, His Lordship summed up, stating that there were several things undisputed. In the first place, the rents of the tenements now claimed had been received from time to time by the same people as received the Hendre rent. All the property was within a ring fence, and it was a significant fact that the defendants did not produce their title deeds or go into the box to give any suggestion as to how they became possessed of the property, if not under David Evans's will. He tried the action in which Lord St. Leonards refused to produce his title deeds. In that action there had not been the shadow of a case made out against his lordship, and he very properly refused to pro- duce his title deeds as against a wronjjj doer, relying upon possession alone. His lordship, however, doubtless, would have produced them had a prima facie case been made out against him, as was the case here. A person who was charged with having stolen property upon him was not bound to prove where he had obtained that property, but if he flid not do so there would be a strong inference that he had stolen it. The evidence of John Evans, if true, would prove the plaintiffs' case. That evidence had not been contradicted by any of the de- fendants' witnesses, as they did not go further back than the time of Evan Price. It was for the jury to consider whether John Evans could be mistaken or not. He would proceed, and consider the rest of the evidence if the jury thought it necessary. The Jury thereupon stated that they had made up their minds, and found for the plaintiffs. Mr. Mclntyre then called his Lordship's attention to Glan-rhos, Pwll-llacca-glas, and Mountain Gate, with respect to which he submitted the only evidence was that of payment of rent to the same landlord. That was not sufficient evidence to go to a jury. His Lordship agreed with Mr. Mclntyre. He, how- ever, would leave it to the jury, and would again consider how to enter the verdict. The jury were then asked if they also found for Glan- rhos, Pwll-llacca-glas, and Mountain Gate, when, after some hesitation, they announced that they found for the plaintiffs. FRIDAY. On taking his seat, his Lordship stated that he had gone over his notes, and found that he had made a mistake on the previous evening. There was certainly evidence to go to the jury aa to Glanrhos, Pwll-llacca-glas, and Mountain Gate. In the first place, Sarah (? Mary) Jones had stated that Hendre, Bwlchydwr, and the other places went under the general name of Hendre, or the Hendre Estate, and that the rents of them were received by the same landlord as Hendre; and that they were all, with the exception of Mountain Gate, within a ring fence. He therefore had no hesitation in entering judgment for the plaintiffs for all the places claimed and also for the back rents since 1871. Mr. Williams, Q.C., raised no objection to staying execu- tion.
THE RUSSO-TURKISH WAR.
THE RUSSO-TURKISH WAR. Hobart Pacha is now in the Black Sea in command of the Turkish fleet in its waters, and has destroyed the small Russian fort of Tchamchira. The Turkish Govern- ment has resolved to finally abandon the expedition to the Caucasus, and is offering transport to the Circassians who have- compromised themselves with the Russian Govern- ment. This was the inevitable end of the enterprise, which would never have been undertaken if men like Suleiman Pasha and Mehemed Ali Pacha had been the military advisers of the Porte four months ago. The Turkish Government is bound to do the best it can for the population it has instigated to revolt; but it can only bring a portion of them away. By withdrawing from the Caucasus at the present time, it deprives itself of the poweij of stipulating an amnesty for its allies, as is usual on the conclusion of treaties of peace. The Russian Government is not likely to treat the revolted tribes with much tenderness. The operations of the belligerents are apparently at a standstill. On the Russian side the motives of the inac- tion are obvious enough. They are waiting reinforce- ments, and repairing the mischief done to their shattered ranks at Plevna. But it is difficult to understand what the Turkish commanders are about in restraining their troops at such a time. In another week or ten days the invaders will have shaken off their despondency, and filled up the gaps in their battalions. Not less than 1.50,000 troops of all arms are reported to be now on their way to reinforce the Russian armies in Bulgaria and though a large proportion of them may arrive too late to take part in the current campaign, many thousands of fresh men ought to be within striking distance on the Danube before the week is out. THE RUSSIANS IN BULGARIA. Osman Pacha remains at Plevna, though the Russian advance guard is within six or seven miles of his lines, and the Commander-in-Chief, after pushing forward his van- guard to within twenty miles of Biela, appears to have thought better of it, and still hugs the safe shelter of the batteries of Rasgrad. The report of two days' heavy fighting before Rasgrad, in which the Turks were said to be successful, is now formally denied by Mehemet Ali him- self, who states that beyond some slight cavalry engage- ments at Honditch, near the Rasgrad railway, and the scattering of an insurgent force at Riberda, where some Mussulman prisoners were released, there had been no engagements. According to the St. Petersburg official Gazette, Mehemet Ali has, at Shumla and Rasgrad, 80,000 men, exclusive of 50,000 under Ahmed Eyoub at Rustchuk, or a total of 130,000, backed by almost impreg- nable fortifications. On the same authority we learn that the total number of troops under Osman Pacha, at Widdin, Plevna, Lovatz, &c., is only 45,000, and as 12,000 of these are reported to be at Widdin, which would leave him only 33,000 for all other purposes, it is obvious that he cannot have had anything like 50,000 in line at Plevna. Operations in the Dobrudscha for some time past have been quite at a standstill, and the campaign there, we be- lieve, has been abandoned for the present; but there is information of a skirmish near Trajan's Walls, in which the Russians are said to have been defeated with a loss of twenty prisoners and a gun. At the other extremity of the Turkish lines at Widdin the Roumanians have com- menced a vigorous bombardment from their batteries at at Kalafat. The Turks are said to have re-occupied ^Jlahova. South of the Balkans, Suleiman Pacha, who is credited by the St. Petersburg Gazette with 60,000 men, appears to be still pursuing his successful career. Besides capturing Kesanlyk, which commands the entrance to the Schipka Pass, and defeating the Russian force there with a loss of two guns, he is reported to have been equally successful farther east, at Yeni Saghra, where he claims to have routed and pursued the enemy as far as the Hain Boghaz Pass, which he now occupies. This, it will be remem- bered, was the pass by which General Gourkho's ad- vanced guard originally traversed the Balkans. The Russians, apparently, still hold the Schipka Pass, which is strongly fortified. By the capture of the Hain Boghaz pass Suleiman may retaliate upon General Gourkho with the same tactics employed by the latter in forcingthe SchipkaPass, and by crossing the Balkans take his opponent in rear. It would be rather hazardous at present, however, to detach any considerable portion of the newly-formed army in Roumelia for operations on the northern side of the Balkans, and the Turks appear to be quite alive to the fact, as reinforcements are still being sent from Shumla to Suleiman Pacha. THE WAR IN ARMENIA. I1 rom Armenia it is reported that Mukhtar Pacha, whose army is said to be suffering from dysentery, is sending back his baggage into Kars, as if with a view to a strategic movement to the rear. As General Melikoff's armv has been powerfully reinforced, and the Russian right wing advancing from Ardahan has already reached Pennek, on the Olti road, it is not at all improbable that Mukhtar Pacha may fall back under cover of the guns of Kars, though his present position is said to be a very formidable one, and he has lately received reinforcements. The with-I curawai el twenty-nve Dattauons irom MHmm ior tne re- inforcements of the Turkish armies in Bulgaria must greatly improve the chances of the Russians in the event of a re- newal of the campaign.
MONTENEGRO.
MONTENEGRO. On the Montenegrin borders the siege of Nicsic is being vigorously prosecuted, but as yet without any military re- sults. Kolatschin also, on the eastern frontier, has been ineffectually attacked by insurgent bands; and several flying columns of insurgents are said to have been dispersed in Bosnia.
THE BATTLE OF PLEVNA.—THE…
THE BATTLE OF PLEVNA.—THE RUSSIAN LOSSES. The Times correspondent, writing from before Plevna on August 2, says :—If ever there was causeless human slaughter, it occurred in front of the Turkish fortifications before Plevna. The Russian strategy in Europe had hitherto been admirable. The easy passage of the Danube at Sistova, the bold and successful seizure of the Balkan Passes, and the capture of Nikopol were all evidences of a clear and vigorous generalship on the part of the Rus- sians, as well as of unaccountable inefficiency on the other side. The capture of Nikopol was necessary in order to secure possession of a sufficient stretch of river to ensure the safety of the pontoon bridges at Sistova. When this was done there was every possible reason to cease offensive operations towards Widdin until after the fall of Rust- chuk, and even if they were attempted, in defiance of sound strategical principles, the offensive should certainly have been taken with overwhelming numbers, inatead of blindly attacking a vastly superior force, protected by strong fortifications. At three in the afternoon, after leaving Sistova, I was resting near one of the natural fountains, when a long line of ambulance wagons, enshrouded in dense clouds of dust, appeared over a hill in the distance. As the head of the line reached us, and halted by the fountain, I learnt of the heavy battle fought the day before in front of the Turkish fortifications around Plevna. The ambulance wagons gradually gathered, until the large space around the spring of cool water was covered with these con- veyances filled with human beings mangled in every con- ceivable form, who gasped for a drop of water. Some could not drink, as the attempt to swallow brought gushes of blood from gaping wounds in the throat and chest, which prevented them cooling their parched tongues, covered with the horrible dust which rose at the slightest movement upon the roads. Weary with this sorrowful scene, I mounted my horse and pushed on. A short distance from the fountain I encountered a second ambulance train, loaded like its predecessor. For two hours they continued to pass me, and then came still longer trains of country transport carts, loaded with the less severe cases, intermixed with an apparently endless stream of ammunition waggons, surplus baggage carts, and camp equipages, until finally the road became completely blockedhy the indiscriminate mass of horses, carts, waggons, and mangled humanity, streaming towards Sistova. I was compelled to lead my horse to a hillock by the roadside and wait for an opportunity to pass on, as well as to allow my waggon to come up. For more than an hour I stood there watching the passage of this motley caravan, and beheld hundreds of gallant fellows roll by in open springless carts, with a blazing sun pouring down upon their blood- stained forms, with choking clouds of dust parching their burning throats, and settling in masses upon their agonised countenances, until they ceased to look like human faces. While waiting for the road to be cleared we were often asked if there were no troops coming to the rescue, and many were the bitter comments made on the folly of dashing those brave fellows against the vastly superior Moslem force, strongly intrenched on the height before Plevna. One officer who was badly wounded led the extreme advance in the assault on the Turkish intrench- ments. He had penetrated far into the Moslem lines, and said if he had been properly supported they could have carried the positions; but the column was not strong enough, from want of troops or generalship, and the Turks, finding this out, turned upon them and drove them back with fearful loss. Not more than half of that column came back," was the mournful close of the wounded officer's statement. I learnt here that the battle of the previous day had lasted from morning until night, the Russian attack being made on both wings of the Turkishline, under the command of General Kriidener, who led the right in person, while the Russian left was commanded by General Prince Schakoffski. We could not do anything with them they were two strong for us," was the universal remark of officers and soldiers, and their cruel wounds told how wrathfully they had endeavoured to carry out the senseless orders to carry Plevna by storm.
AUSTRIA AND THE CZAR.
AUSTRIA AND THE CZAR. The Berlin correspondent of the Times telegraphs :— In consequence of the reiterated defeats at Plevna the Czar has asked the Emperor of Austria to withdraw his former protest against the Russians entering Servia, and, conjointly with Servian troops, opening on the left flank of the Turks. The Austrian Government having, at the instance of the military advisers of his Austrian Majesty, determined upon mobilisation for the purpose of counter- acting the participation in the war of Servia and Roumania, this request of the Czar places Austria under the necessity of finally deciding which course she means to pursue. It is unnecessary to dwell upon tthe gravity of the issue involved. It is asserted that Prince Gortschakoff has opposed in vain the demand of the Russian Generals to be permitted to enter Servia. On Saturday a number of Turkish trophies were carried in procession from the Staff Office ab St. Petersburg to the Trinity Church. The Times special correspondent says :—The road-mak- ing department of the Russian service is simply wretched. Holes that are surrounded by broken wheels, are left yawning for fresh victims, when a few moments' labour would remove the nuisance. Even at Sistova, in the street over which passes all the supplies of the army be- fore Plevna, there are several fearful gaps, into which plunge struggling horses and creaking wagons, as well all ambulances loaded with wounded men, to whom every jerk is a torture, while hundreds of idle soldiers loiter about, and there are ample supplies of stones and gravel within a few yards with which these holes could be filled in ten minutes. On Tuesday (says the Bucharest correspondent of the Times) an English ship appeared off Kustendje and made signals for permission to enter the harbour. The vessel had 2,000 packages of merchandise for the port, and the captain stated that he had permission from Constantinople to make the voyage if he chose to take all the responsi- bility of the trip himself. He was allowed to land his goods but his crew were not permitted to go ashore. The vessel had met no Turkish men-of-war. The last three corps of the Russian Regular Army being under mobilization orders, the first class of the general levy has been called out. This class comprises all those able-bodied men between 20 and 40 years of age who have served their time in the Army, or who were not enlisted in the last four conscriptions. Part of this Militia, which is now insufficiently officered, will be employed in occupy- ing Poland, the garrison of which leaves for the seat of war. In consequence of these measures, about 150,000 Russian troops are set free for operations in Bulgaria. Osman Pacha has been decorated with the Order of the Osmanli for the victory at Vina, near Plevna. Adil Pacha has received a sword to replace one broken by a shot. The financial operations for the mobilization of the Austro-Hungarian army being completed, the partial mobilization of 90,000 men will take place in a few days. Constantinople, Monday evening. A despatch from Suleiman Pacha states that on the 3rd inst. he arrived and camped at Birkelini, and would continue the march next day to Zenizalvia, which had been evacuated by the Russians. In the valley of Elitafa were found quantities of tents, military equipment, tRid arms. It has been decided to form a camp of 70,000 men of the reserves in the capital. Adrianople, Tuesday. Intelligence received here announces that the Russians have evacuated all their positions south of the Balkans, with the exception of the Schipka pass. It is expected the Russian force holding the defile will be compelled to surrender, should its communications with the Russian army north of the Balkans be cut. Constantinople, Tuesday. It has been decided to form a special imperial guard for protection of Constantinople. The British fleet in Besika Bay appears to be making preparations for a prolonged stay in Turkish waters. Servers Pacha, at the reception of the Diplomatic Body yesterday, positively stated that Midhat Pacha had not been entrusted with any diplomatic mission. Constantinople, Tuesday, 1.40 p.m. Mukhtar Pacha, in a despatch dated Aug. 5, announces that 1,000 Karapuck horsemen have defeated two batta- lions of Russians near Ardahan. A despatch from Mehemet Ali says that a Turkish de- tachment has defeated a body of Russian cavalry, near Dourmounche, and that the enemy are falling back on Kustendje. Vienna, Tuesday Evening. The Political Correspondence publishes a telegram from Belgrade stating that the Skuptschina, before its proroga- tion, voted all the financial Bills brought forward by the Government, and declared in favour of the continuation of payment of tribute to the Porte. Ragusa, Tuesday. The news of an engagement in which Despotovich was defeated, and forced into Austrian territory, is con- firmed.
ALLEGED RUSSIAN AND BULGARIAN…
ALLEGED RUSSIAN AND BULGARIAN ATROCITIES. Constantinople, Monday. The Minister for Foreign Affairs has addressed de- spatches to Turkish representatives abroad, stating that the Russians and Bulgarians compelled all Mussulman inhabitants of the village of Hirst to leave their houses, causing all the male and a portion of the female inhabi- tants to perish in the flames. Twenty Mussulmans and the Imam of Ayuklemi were shut up by the Bulgarians in a granary, to which, with the assistance of some Cossacks, they set fire. Forty other Mussulmans, of the same vil- lage, were massacred. All the Mussulman women were subjected to the worst outrages. The greater part of the rest of the women, with their children, were led to the outskirts of the village, where, having been placed in ranks, each with a child at her side, they wero all assasi- nated. The latest telegrams report iao change in the military position either in Asia or in Europe. Both the Russian and the Turkish armies in Bulgaria are preparing for a great battle, and they will naturally let as little as pos- sible be known of their movements. Among the reports in circulation is that Suleiman Pasha is crossing the Balkans with 65,000 men, and that Moukhtar Pasha, the commander in Asia, has received orders to remain on the defensive, and to send twenty-five battalions of his army to the European seat of war. According to a Renter's telegram from Erzeroum, a battle will soon be forced upon the Turkish commander, as the movements of the centre anu iei v, wing indicate an eany resumption or onen- sive operations. The meeting of the Emperors of Austria and Germany at Ischyl is expected to have some influence on the course of the war. It is said that the Emperor William will endeavour to induce the Austrian Emperor to consent to the despatch of a Russian force through Servia.
IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.R
IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. R MOUSE OF LORDS-THURSDAY. The Royal Assent was given by commission to a number of Bills, the East India Loan Bill was read a first time, two or three other Bills were advanced a stage, and the sitting was suspended.—The Lord Chancellor returned after the lapse of nearly an hour, and their Lordships adjourned at a quarter-past six o'clock. HOUSE OF COMMONS-THURSDAY. The Chancellor of the Exchequer stated, in reply to Mr. Whalley, that Lord Derby had not received from the Govern- ment of Russia any notification to the effect that,, if the British Government desired to prevent its interests being, compromized in Egypt, it should apply its influence in the prevention of open hostilities in that country, which would compel Russia to pro- tect herself. -9ff H. D. Wolff announced that, in- view of the Litest intelligence from the East, he would have to consider the motion of which he had given notice, and would communicate with the Government as to obtaining a day for it neiatweek.- Mr. Newdegate gave notice of a question as to the coarse the Government proposed to take in order to prevent a recumrence of the recent scene 01 obstruction whereupon Mr. Pamefl also gave notice of a query as to what steps the leader of theEDouse mtemted to take to protect independent members from intftinrnp- tion while attempting to address the House on questions of order.—New writs were ordered for North Northamptonshire ire. and South Shropshire.—'The Board of Education (Scotland);Bill was read a third time, and the House went into committee-on the Sheriff Courts (Scotland) Bill. HOUSE OF LORDS.—FRIDAY. t At a morning sitting Beamish's Divorce Bill was read a second time; and the sitting was then suspended until five o'clock, wbtm a number of Bills were forwarded a stage during the twenty minutes for which the House sat. HOUSE; OF COMMONS.—FRIDAY. At the morning sitting, The O'Conor Don gave notice that arly next session he wobld move a resolution providing that after a Bill had been read a second time it should be referred to a grand committee insteado-f to acommittee of the whole House; and in the case of Irish and Scotch Bills that such Committee should be composed principally of Irish and Scotch members. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in replying to Mr. Newdegate's question as to the course proposed to be taken to avoid a recur- rence of the recent obstructive scene, said that he thought it best to take no further steps with regard to the past, but if any attempt werw matte to repeat the conduct the House would know how to. (teal with it. Mr. Watkin took the oaths and his seat for GWmsby; and the report of the South Africa Bill, as amended in Goaunittee, with one amendment by Mr. Oourteney and two by Mr. Forster, was agreed to. Mr. O'Donnell and Mr. Parnell moved several amendments, but con- fined themselves within the, legitimate scope of debate. Several Bills were advanced a stage, and the sitting was suspended at seven o'clock. HOUSE OF LORDS."ATURDA Y. At the special sitting, the-Board of Education (Scotland) Con- tinuance Bill was finally passed. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—SATURDAY The South Africa Bill was read a third time, and passed. The Lords' Amendments to the Oxford and Cambridge Universities Bill were considered and sus- tained |with one exception, via., that to clause 16, restrain- ing the powers of the Commissioners to abolish antiquated and useless fellowships. The Winter Assize Act Extension Bill was read a second time, and several other measures were advanced a stage. HOUSE OF LORDS—MONDAY. The Royal assent was given by commission to several mea- sures a number of Bills were advanced a'stage the Commons' amendments to the Crown, Office Bill and the Fisheries (Oysters, Crabs, and Lobsters) Bill, and also the Commons' amendments to the Lords' amendments to the Justices' Clerks Bill, were agreed to; the reports of amendments to the Legal Practi- tioners' Bill and the Sol way Salmon Fisheries Bill were re- ceived. HOUSE OF COMMONS-MONDAY. The Home Secretary, in reply to a query by Mr. H. B. Sheri- dan, said he had no power to order an attempt to be made to recover the body of the miner accidentally buried in the New Home Hill pit, near Dudley, on the 25th of last January; and he was informed that any such attempt would be attended with great risk to life and property. Mr. Sclater-Booth, replying to Mr. Downing, stated that he could not pledge himself to introduce a Bill next session dealing with the whole question of the law of settlement, or with that relat- ing to the removal of proper*. The Home Secretary in answer to a question put by Mr. Saul Isaac, said the damage done at the Grimsby election riots amounted to £ 900. Twenty- five of the ringleaders were in custody, and would be put on their trial. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in reply to Mr. Cowen, said that, if the honourable meinber would move for them as returns, the Foreign Office would try to obtain reports from the Secretary of the Legation at Washington and the Con- suls in America with reference to the recent strikes. On the motion for going into supply on the Army Supplementary Estimates, Mr. Trevelyan moved, as an amendment, "that this House, while fully prepared to consider the question of retire- ment with a view to secure a sufficient flow of promotion in the army, cannot, at this late period of the session, proceed to sanc- tion a scheme^ which demands mature and careful examination, inasmuch as it entails a large increase of expenditure on the English and Indian exchequers, and materially affects the future of our military system." Mr. Hardy declared that the scheme was nothing more than the redemption of the promise by which abolition of purchase was made acceptable to the House, that the flow of promotion should be made as rapid as it was under the old system. He deeply regretted that it was presented so late in the session, but after a most searching inquiry it came out upon the lines laid down by a royal commission, iniose re- port had been long before the House. The actual calculations necessary occupied a very considerable time, and as the result, a charge would be imposed of £ 320,000, of which £ 110.000 would be borne by the Indian Government. On a division the amend- ment was negatived by 130 to 72, majority 62. HOUSE OF LORDS.—TUESDAY. The House met at five o'clock. The Earl of Harrowby presented a petition in reference to the unsatisfactory state of the present arrangement for the trans- action of the civil business of the Lancashire Assizes.—The Lord Chancellor stated that the subject had occupied the attention of both Jadges and the House, who were responsible for legislation in reference to it. The question was mixed up with the gaol deliveries throughout the country, and as serious objections were entortaineu to leaving the less grave of the criminal cases to be disposed of by commissioners, the only alternative ap- peared to be an increase in the judicial strength. If after the experience of the present circuits such a course should be thought desirable, he had no doubt the Government would be prepared to propose such an addition to the judicial strength as the circumstances of the case might require. —The St. {Catherine's Harbour (Jersey) Bill, the Legal Practitioners Bill, and the Solway Salmon FisheriesBill, were read a third time and passed. —The Canal Boats Bill and the Prisons (Ireland) Bill were read —The Canal Boats Bill and the Prisons (Ireland) Bill were read a second time, and their Lordships adjourned at twenty minutes past six. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—TUESDAY. The Speaker took the chair at four o'clock. -Dr. Rene,,tlv asked if H. M. Government were in possession of any information as to an understanding between Russia, Austria, and Germany for the partition of the Ottoman Empire, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer replied that the Government were not in possession of any information on the subject that he could communicate to the House.—In reply to Mr. Whitwell, Mr. Bourke stated that a commercial treaty had been signed between France and Italy, but he was not in a position to lay it on the table, as it had been communicated in confidence. The hon. gentleman had asked his other two questions under a misapprehension. He had asked whether Italy was not informed that this country was pre- pared to negotiate a new treaty with Italy at the time the treaty between France and Italy was negotiated, in order that the in- terests of England might be duly considered ? The existing treaty between England and Italy has been prolonged another year, and Italy was well aware that England was quite prepared to nego- tiate a commercial treaty. In reply to Mr Whitwell, Mr. Bourke (who could never be distinctly heard) was understood to say there was an ordinance for aiding at Gibraltar the maintenance by Spain of its protective tariff, but it should be understood that the Spanish Government had two tariffs, one of a liberal character applicable to imports froRl Germany and Switzerland, amI the other a general tariff applicable to other countries, including England. Under the first of these Germany and Switzerland were entitled to send goods into Spain at a lower rate than other countries coming under the geneml tariff. Keplying to Mr. Forster, Mr. Bourke said he had reason to believe t -at in our treaty with Spain there was a "most favoured nation clause," and Sir John Walsh had accordingly been instructed to remonstrate as to the position in which Enslish sroods w«r<» .it nresent placed. — On going into supply, Mr. Biggar moved for a Select Committee on the claims of Mr. John Clare against the Admiralty, which was opposed by Mr. E. J. Reed and Mr. A. Egerton, and nega- tived.—Mr. Courtney called attention to the Annexation of the Transvaal, which he condemned as unjustifiable and dangerous to the interest of the empire and South African colonies.—Mr. Lowther explained that the step was rendered necessary to avert a native war, which would have involved the whole of the colonies. The policy of the Government was sup- ported by Mr. Hugessen, Mr. E. Jenkins, and Mr. Whalley, and severely criticized by Mr. O'Donnell.- Sir J. Hay called attention to the action between H.M.'s ships Shah and Amethyst and the Peruvian Ironclad, Huascar, which led to some criticisms on the conduct of Admiral Hornsby by Sir W. Harcourt.on which the Attorney General, without giving a final opinion in the absence of further information, said the papers as far as they went justified the course pursued by the Admiral.— Mr. Goschen protested against a premature decision, and the Chancellor of the Exchequer rebuked Sir W. Harcourt for de- livering an authoritative opinion before the case was complete.- In the course of further business, the vote for the Transvaal was opposed by Sir George Campbell, Mr. Courtney, Mr. O'Donnell, and Mr. Parnell, and defended by Mr. Lowther. On a division it was agreed to by 119 to 2. HOUSE OF LORDS.—WEDNESDAY. The House, during a sitting of twenty-five minutes' duration, advanced eleven measures a stage, amongst them being the. Destructive Insects Bill, brought in with the special object of preventing the introduction of the Colorado beetle into the' country. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—WEDNESDAY. Lord Sandon, in reply to Mr. Holt, stated that many of theleadr ing School Boards in the country had adopted a systematic course of religious instruction, and he considered that systematic religious; teaching was spreading in the voluntary schools. Systematic teaching with regard to the Bible was as much needed as upon any other subject. Answering a question put by Mr. J. Talbot, Lord Sandon said that, in his opinion, it was very desirable that, local committees should be appointed by school attendance com- mittees in eftch parish, or in any groups of continguous parishes,, to assist the committees with their local knowledge and! that these local committees should represent, not only employers of labour and the leading people of the locality, but also the labour- ing classes, so as to enlist their co-operation. A new wuit. was. ordered for the city of Westminster, in the place of Mr. W. H. Smith, who had accepted the office of First Lord of the Admiralty. In Supply, on the motion, to, agree with the vote of £ 03,430 for criminal prosecutions. in Ire- land, Mr. Parnell moved to reduce it by £5,000, and, entering into. a long account of the riots injjPhienix Park some six years ago,, brought a series of charges against the police, the Mjanquis of Hartington, and the present Government, for refusing an enquiry. After a long discussion, the amendment was defeated by 114 votes to 14, and the report on the vote agreed to. Subsequently, Mr. Parnell moved the reduction of the vote for the Dublin police by £ 350, which was seconded by Mr. Biggar, supported by Mr. O'Donnell, and rejected on a division by 11* votes to. 13. The report of Supply, and also that of Ways and Means, was then agreed to, and the Appropriation liill was brought inand read a first time. Mr. Bentinck gave notice that, on the second reading of the Bill, he would call attention to the state Of affairs under which Parliament was about to be prorogued, with special reference to the note addressed by the Foreign Secretary to the Russian ambassador on the 1st May last. Some Bills were ad- vanced a stage.
TIDE TABLE FOR ABERYSTWYTH,…
TIDE TABLE FOR ABERYSTWYTH, ABERDOVEY, AND BARMOUTH. August, I Aberystwyth. Aberdovey. Barmouth. a.m7T~ pTrn. a.m. p.m. a.m. p.m. Fri. 10 7 47 8 U <s 16 8 40 7 56 8 20 Sat. 11 8 33 8 56 9 2 9 25 8 42 9 5 San. 12 9 18 9 41 9 47 10 10 9 27 9 50 Mon. 13 10 1 10 22 10 30 10 51 10 10 10 SI Tues. 14 i 10 43111 1 1112 11 30 10 52 U 10 Wed. 15 11 22 1 0 12 11 31 Tbw.16 Q (i 0 29 0 35 0 58 0 15 0 38
BYE-GONES.
BYE-GONES. AUGfOST 1, 1877. NOTES. OSWESTRY NAMES.-We often puzafe over the origin of names of places and streets in country towns but our speculations usually refer to such as have b*en sailed by the same names beyond the time remembered by that mysterious personage The Oldest Inhabitant," In Oswestry, however, we have naraes of houses and streets of quite modern origin, but which, bid fair to puzzfe the next generation, if, indeed, another generation will arise in these railway days sufficiently interested in the subject. For instance there is (as may be seen on the signboard) Osborne Hotel ff in Bailey-street. Another generatim wall- of course- say, Oh, that name i& easily accounted for a, favourite residence of the Queer's was Osborne, in the Isle of Wight, and the name became fashionable." Not so, at least in this case. Early itsi this century, as some-of our elders very well remember,ithe house was occu- pied by a Mr. Edwards, draper. After his time the house was turned into a wine vaults by the late Mr. Hughes, and then came Mr. Leigh, who-had previously kept tfie WycnstayArms (or "Cross Foses" as it was then cailed), who opened the place as The Commercial Hotel." Mr. Leigh, when he removed to Bailey Street, brought with him the Poet Office, which bad previously been attached to the Wynnstay Arms, and m a Directory of 1828 I find, "The Commercial Hotel (and Post-office), Bailey Set, Mr. Leigh." After him came Mr. Osburn, who married Miss Kyffin, and he occupied the Com- mercial" so long that it came to be called" Osburn's Hotel" by- the public, so when Mr. Macdougall succeeded him he painted on his. signboard, "Oslfurn's Commercial Hotel." The house afterwards became less commercial, and when it was sold a few years ago to Mr. Walker, of Wrexham, the old names, were obliterated, and the house was forthwith, called, OIL the sign, but not by the public, The Osborne Hotel!" Take again the buildings at the bottom of Lower Brook Street. We have, at the corner, ] the "VictoriOoms," and the Victoria Works," jutting into "Victoria Road" on one sicte, and "Victoria Place on the other. Anothergeneratiotkwiilibe pardoned for supposing that the Assembly Roonra suggested the other names. Again another generation would be wrong, for Victoria Place" appears in, our Os-westry Directories many years beforetheVictontuRoome, or Victoria Works, were thought of! The road leading fromi Lower Brook Street to the Cemetery was formerly called "Hue Old Road," being, I presume, the main. road to Shrewsbury before the- direct ILondon and Holyhead road waa formed by Telford. Another modern name is Brynhavod Lane." Bufceven Brynhavod" was. rat the origiaA-L zame for the house, commenced by Mf. Cross and finished by Mr. John Minshall. When, lie later sold the place to Mr. J. T. Jones, it was known as PlasUwynJ* The lane existed long before the house- was built,, but. its name, if it ever had one, seems to- have been fosgotten. The Bame "Albion Hill," applied to that bit of street leading, from the George to The Quadrant, first, Mjneared in print, on some-trade circulars- issued by Mr.. Edmunds, tailor- It used to be consideredta part of the. "Bailey Head," but that name being too -gpneral, thepublie took the hint from the imprint" of the placards printed by the late Mr. S. Roberts, who called, his place of business at the comer The Albion Printing Office," to. call the street Albion Hill," which name MJr. Edmunds- first adopted in print. The reason why MSc. Roberts called his the "Albion" printing office was, that the iron press- he set up called "The Albion," was apite a novelty in those days, and was the first in use in Oswestry, and had! oiily recently suc- ceeded these of wood in country townsi. The press is still in occasional use at the steam-printmgworksof Woodall and Venables, and many an hour I have worked at it in i»y younger days, for rny father was no believer in thie "Paradise of Pen and Ink" the present generation of tradesmen dream of for their sons, but onewho believed in a lad's having a good trade in his fingpc^ to fall back upon, as well as a good education, JABCO. QUERIES. TREES. There were some time back several, references to yew and; other trees, iat Wales and on the Borders. Were the following ever recorded? The great cedar of Lebanon at West Felton,*that at, Liwyn-y-groes, and that- at Llandrinio which Mr; J. F- M. Dovaston inforrned Mr. Hulbert were all seeds- out, of the same cone, andi sown by his late father, in 1!7.65." Do these trees still: exist ? Andi do any of your readers know any- thing of: a.monster oak at CrosswoocL. near Welshpool ? TELL. RIGHIASRD IL. IN W ALES.-MD; Tiimbs, in his Abbeys C&stles, and Aincient Halls, writing; of Flint Castle, says it was in one of it» rooms that the: imkingship of Richard II;. was perfonmed." He continues— To this 'dolorous castle/as Hall terms it, tbL* unfortunate monarch was-inveigled by the Earl of Northumberland, with the assurance-that Bolingbroke wished no more than, to be restored to his own, property,, and to give the kingdomi a parliament. Northumberland, with.a> small train, first met Riisbard at Con- way, then on;his return from Ireland. The Kins, distrusted the Earl, who,, to -remove-all suspicion, went. with, hiau to- mass, and at the altar took an oathi of fidelity. Richard fell into the snare, and proceeded with the- Earl for some time; till he perceived about the iprecipice of Ptnmaen Rhos, a large band of soldiers under the Percy- banners. The king wouldi then have retired, but Northumberland, catching hold of his- -bridle, forcibly di- rected his-course. Richard was hurried: on- to, RhoMan, where he dined; .and.reached Flint the same night.. Now all this tallies with our ordinary histories^ but Mr. Timbs, in hiip, account of Conway Castlej, in the same book, says- When King Richard: U. mustered his foroes. to. ogposa his rival Bolingbroke (afterwards Henry IV.) after- disgnstmg his adher- ents and weakening his forces by delay andiHskDeMss, he on a sudden quitted his azmy by night, and privately sheltered nim- self in Conway Castle;, from whence he waw soon afterwards al- lured and,deliyared, into the power of his- enemieay and in the stately hall of.'Cbnway he signed his abdication.. How are we to-reconcile these statements-?.' Did Richard return tolct)nvray with the soldiers wlio surprised him at Llandulasi.before-.be was hurried on to, Rhuddlon or did he agree to,abdiaate before he left Conway with Northum- berland?' G.G. REPLIES. WELSH FUNERALS. (Apr. 7,, 1&7SK—At this date CYFKIN- referred to the funeral of Madiam Margaret Godolphin, who "prepared dresses to, be in readiness for twelve poor widbws of the parish of Llansaintffraid on the solemn occasion of her funeral." According to the AnnualReffistev tor 1766, the funeral procession must have been a novel one,, even in an age when it was a custom to invite a number of aged persons to, the funeral of the gentry." Under- the date of Oct. 6j that year, the Register- gives, amongst the list of deaths' Mrs. Margaret Godolphin, aged 90, at AJaertanat, in Shrop- shire she was the eldest and last surviving daughter of Col. Sidney Godblphim by Susannah his wifb- she bra left her for- tune to her nephew, Lord Godolphin,, and to, his sister, Mrs. Owen, of Porkington, Shropshire. Her funeral was, according to her desire, attended by as many old women, (dressed in white flannel gowns). ,wa, she was years of age and folio-wed by her tenants to Llanyblodwel Church, where she was.interred. N.W.S. ARIAN. Y RHAW AND PARSON'S PENNY.— There have been several references to. Welch funeral customsin. Bye-gones, and the "offrw." particularly, was discussed in March, 1875. I have just met with a reference to, the custom in Cradock's- Account of some of the Most Rbmantic Parts of North Wales," published in 1777. The author says, in page 143- Many Popish customs are still retained in Wales, particularly Offerings made to the Dead,—these Offerings must of course vary according to the Rank of the persons deceased, as well as the Affection that is borne to their Memories. I was at a Pauper's Funeral where the Donations amounted to half a Crown, and: I met with a Clergyman afterwards who had once received ninety Guineas. The custoit4. as was shown in Bye-gones at the time I refer to, still prevails in some parts of Wales, but is scarcely so profitable as it was a hundred years ago, if Mr. Cradock's informant is a sample of his times. Gr. G.
AUGUST 8, 1877.
AUGUST 8, 1877. NOTES.. JOHN WESLEY'S PREACHERS (July 25,1877.) —I now take up the thread of the life of THOMAS OLIVERS from the. period of his conversion. He became a local preacher;" and at Bradford he had so serious an attack of small pox that his life was despaired of. He says- Before my conversion I had contracted a great number of debts, and, by means of this illness,, they were greatly multi- plied this was a cause of great uneasiness to me. As soon, therefore, as 1 was able, I set out for my own country, to receive my foutune, which had lain so long in Mr. Tndor's hands. As I passed through the country I preached in most of the societies wliiclxlay in my way, and I believe-it was not altogether in vain. It will be remembered that Olivers, was a convert of Whitfield's, whom he all but worshipped, but in the fore- going by societies "the followers of Mr. Wesleyare referred *),and weare not told whenorhowhe-left the following of the one leader and attached! himself to. the other. When he reached Montgoineryshire his oldi acquaintances soon got about him, but they found1 him a changed character," and as. soon as he got his money he bought a horse and rode far and near" to> pay his debts. People were astonished, and his uncle Ttidbc-said, Thou hast been so wicked that thou hast seen the devil, and that has occa- sioned so great a change in. thee." His aunt evidently believed the change to, be of God, and asked him to "preach on the next Sabbabk day. He consented," and, On Saturday I fell in company with Lard H—re—rd, who had' heard that I was turned Methodist, and was going to preacn in the parish. He damned me, and swore, if there R water near, he would throw me-in 1 was going to P ut tie would not suffer me. swearing that he would put me. itj, the stocks and send me to prison.. His lordship soon attempted to put his threat ofc feW stocks into execution, and the incident IS so well told) that I need scarcely apologise ftwr reproducing the whole *Tlie next day I went with my uncle Tudor to Church, and sacrament; I went with him alssj to everu. prayer j as the minister was concluding has As soon as the people were got out, ray Lord said, Mt. Imlor, why do you iarbour that fel^vr about your lii)«!' My uncle answered, "-Where shpuld he be, my Lord but at. horn** He then desired my uncle to send me out <of the parish,, but my uncle said He is in, his own parish, my Lord, and ahu.it his own busiaess." On this I stept forward. When my Lord saw me he said, "Wh—wh—wh -wh—why dost thou dress like a parson V" (for I was dressed in blue). I said, What I wear, my Lord is my own, and not your Lordship's." Me said!, If thou dost kdt leave the country 1 will send thee to the stocks." I answwed, I regard »ot the stocks, my Lord; your Lordship may send me to Montgomery if you But before I go, I must tell your_ Lordship that I was shocked exceedingly yesterday, on hearing a person'of your rani, who is also a magis- trate, curse and swear as your' Lo'rdship did, when you saw me on the common." As this conversation passed in the presence of almost the whole parish, many wero well pleased to hear my Lord so plainly dealt with:, but my Lord himself was enraged exceedingly, and called for one and another to come and take mo to the stocks, but several of those lie called ran away. At last he said to his footman, Go you and take him. away;" and then called one of his tenants, John Parry John Parry I say, John Parry, come you and take him to the stocks." I smiled and said My Lord you uwl not call these l'isty men, for, if yott send a ç!\U(1 it will doim well, seeing I shall Hake no resistance," When we I were gone # httle way the footman swore lie had nnJch rather carry his master to the devil tim- me to the stocky and Mr.. Parry swore tlie same. I said, Pray do net curse and ^vear or you will be a» bad my Lord." But though such a multi- tude of young and old were presewt, so Kniversally Was my Lord s conduct disapproved of, that net one of them went with 118. but my aunt Tudor, nor did any como after us, but another uncle. ^hen we came to- #he stocks my aunt said', "What do you now intend to do ?" Mr. Parry said, "We mustmit him in or run thf country, bhe said, Vou and I have lmd in friendship foif many years, and I sfeail be sorry now tv hurt you. Go you therefore and ask my Lord if he will indemnify y°«. fpr »f he is put in somebody shall pay for it Mr. Parry went, and found my Sord bad taken the parson and my uncle- into the public-house,, where the parson, who had administered; the sacrament t&at day, tarried, drinking with my Lord, from four in the afteraooTh till eleven > at nigh# and my uncle, wholhad received it, till eV6D the next morning. This I mention as' a sad specimen of the religion of my native country. When MP;. Piaxy came to my Ierdib& asked, fc, ?Te 'l,ra ■" Ms; Parry answered, KK> mr lord, w I-am threatened." On thr» my Lord jumped and drew *is sword and away ran the fawner, and my Lord? after him, mvlmrs a,ng 1.ike When Mr. Parry returned Wd ^e'1 what you to do ?" He soused nqr .ri « ? JSid' Do f.e musft Pat him in." The fbotean i\!?r ne.!er Put.hl,n ,n "and the fanner did tfc&SM»& Anci| as I wasqaite passive and cileeirfiil, my aunt said Xbou ?SollS:,S9!f !n!" } This ifve^CTl W in and yet hoth swear you •wlli'not »unt says I shall not put myself in. Well, U sha11 be* <*>°of you shall helfluj the stocks, and the'other shall take hold of my leg, andbv so doing you shaUbofch put me in AftfeB scratching their head& they oonsentedi, accordingly one ofi them lifted up the- stocks,, and- the other put his handfe. under the calf of my leg, andgust pufciioe in, and then badfe; me take it ou* again"; however,.we-stoodnearthe stocks the whole time, which wa^ two hours,, talking about religion. Among other things MK Parry said, It is pity you did not tell.ffc? people you woulcb prea-ch in •the stocks- I said It is veryv tome, and I am sorry? I did not tlnnk of ik The next meming: Olivers went to consult an attorney at Montgomery,, at,his aunt's persuasion., with a view to' getting redress, but the lawyer was from home, to the secret satisfaction, of the injured man who had "little of the spirit of icsentment." Some time after these occurrences Mrs. G-n, of Shrewsbury,told! Ofivers that "LordlBL told her the affair," and that-she reasoned with him,.arad pointed out how he judged,the Mlethodists by idle reports whereas she knew them,to -be -Servants of the living God." He replied, Cousin,G. if I had known this, b I would not have done what, I did." P QUERIES. ROBBING;.A,\NL, 08,WESTRIAN.-Siiier. Bye-gones has become an established column I have been favoured with many MSS?, old; newspapers, and scrap, books from ^aTe beemable- t*> glean much that is-interesting to. Wales and the Borders- but there is one thing connected with the latter tWat" I aliaost invariably have to lament over, which is that wneru good people cut out. of news- papers paragraphs ofrinterest to paste in their scrap books, they forget also to cut out the dates at which, the occur- rences take place, and! so destroy half the interest to those who come after them, A. case in point will be. found in the following bit I' have discovered on a page w&ere it is .surrounded by scraps of newspaper poetry, and figures from the Ladies' Pashion, books 0 A case of peculiar, o< mysterious, and of painful intareat-re- lating to an alleged resident.in, Oswestry in this county—is given in our following page.. On; the 26th of March we detailed the trial at Lancaster Assi'/es -of tiwee persons for robbing Robert Stanley, of Oswestry bo ^convincing was the testimony that the Jury found a verdict of GuilJty, and Mr. Justice Pttrk pro- nounced sentence of Death j without any hope of mwrov xhe prisoner, Grimes, in a fiitm voice said, My Lord, I amsinnocent of the charge agamst.mllt: The Judge rejoined, "liam glad you said so for I had forgotteni to express my hope-4bat you would not lay the flatterinx, unction to your soul that' you are innocent; for if you are innocent there is no reliance to be placed in human testimony. Those of our readers who can refer to our chronicle of>fMarr-.26j. will feel deep interest: in per- using the trial; and we rejoice im saying that our repo*. of that trial has saved the life of, an, innocent man. A moreamirible, case of perjury was near heard loft E All to be gathered from -this-is, that the trial took place in some year on which the 26th, of March fell on a Friday, (the day on which the Skrev&bury Chronicle is published) and that it was during the period that Mr. Justioe Park was on the bench. Cain .anjvreaider give a short nanrative of the event? JABCO. replhes. OLD FOLKS (Nov. 22; 1376).-On a headstone in Vaenor churchyard near Meritfcyr is the following inscrip- tion Underneath lies-the body of David Morgan, of Rhymni, who died May, 1746, aged 35. Also, Catherine, his wife, who was interr'd 123rd; February, 1794, aged 106. She was born in the third year of the reign of King (Runes ii and lived under seven reigns-" H. A WELSH CORINTHIAN (Sep. 27, 1876).On July 12, 1876, I quoted I from the Sporting Magazine of Sep. 1818, something about. Ned Turner, the Newtown pugilist, and Randall. The -following appears on 262 of Pierce Egan's Book of 'Spartx, published by Tegc in 1836 :—■ Pats who saw JdLek Randall fight. That tilled the FAxcr, with delight, Oh it was a manly sigfci, Such game lads to see. Back d by the Wilsh, NW stood his ground, A better man couldne',tv be found, Showing fine science every round, Aadinot a amcher he! An out-aiid-Oufcrtis --Randall's due, And Turner's tkrtmtt-an&outer too, Like such Trumps there-are but few- 'Towards victory. SALOPuat. MEDIOLANUM (Jhne 14 1877).-Your cowes- pondent, N.W.S.has-.omitted to mention that w&en the railway facetiously called The Potteries Line '"was made, several traces of the Rfcmans were found near Llanymynech. Perhaflil- some reader will kindly-give particulars of these discoveriest Slight reference* to them appeared in Bpe-gones in Dec. 1871. R
ADVICE TO -BATHERS.
ADVICE TO -BATHERS. With the view of dinainishing-the loss of life which-, an- nually occurs from drowning, and which, according to re- cent returns of the -Rfigistrac-General, has increased; be- tween 30 and 40 per cent. during:the past year as oom- pared with corresponding period of the previous year, the Royal Humane Society hassissued the following im- Eortant advice to bathers Avoid bathing withina two ours after a meal, or when exhausted by fatigue or fronnany other cause, or when the body is cooling after perspiration, and avoid bathing altogether in the open air if, after, be- ing a short time in the water, there is a sense of chilliness with numbness of the hands andlfeet, but bathe when, the body is warm, provided no time is lost in getting into-the water. Avoid chilling the body liy sitting or standing un- dressed on the banks or in boatssafter having been iii the water, or remaining too long in the water, but leave- the water immediately there is the slightest feeliEng of chilliness. The vigorous and strong may bathe early in the morning on an empty stomach, but the young; and those who are weak had better- bathe^ two or three hours after a meal; the best time for such is from two to.three hours after breakfast. Those who are subject to attacks of giddiness or faintness, and who-sufFer from palpitation and other sense of discomfort at the heart, should! not bathe without first consulting their medical advisee"
HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE, AUGUST…
HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE, AUGUST 2i CHANCERY-DIVISION. (Before Vice-Chincellom Sir Charles Hall). THE MARQUKSS- OF LONDONDERRY V. THE RHOSWVDOI4. LEAD MINING COMPANY (LIMITED). 1 his was a motion for an injunction to restrain the defendants, a lead mining company carrying-on operations on a streaimcalled the Crewi, in Montgomeryshire, a tributary of the river-Dovey, from fouling the Dovey by permitting the refuse from the mine to pass from the mining works into the Crewi, so as to be car- ried, as the evidence showed was the case, into the Dtwey, de- stroying the fish and damaging the low-lying lands upon which the refuse was <teposited by th& liver iliiods. The evidence- showed that as many .as thirty-seven salmon had on one day been seen dead below tlw junction of the Crewi with the Dovey, ami it was alleged that these salmon had been killed by the refuse-from the defendants'works. It appeared ,the fl<>w of this refuse-could be prevented by an improvement id th«-company's which they were willing to effect. Mr. Dickinson, (J.C., and :\1t. Pugh.were for the plaintiff, in- structed by Messrs. Bell and Greeivfiekl, No. 37, Queem Vlctoria- street, London, E.C. rlltru\1 1 Mr. Keayon Parker, tor the-defesdfents, admitted Ithnii damage had been caused by the working ofi the mine, whiea would be avoided in the future, and- The Vice-Chancellor granted ait injunction restraining the company according to the terms of the plaintitt S,notice of mo- tioli. I
ECCLESIASTICAL.
ECCLESIASTICAL. The Bishop of Manclioster, speaking on Thursdfcp Aug. 2, at a luncheon which took place m wnnection with the-anniversary of the Institution ior the reliet ot W idows and Orphans of Clergymen at Warrington^ referred to what he considered to be "something approacmnga ponu^ or at any rate an unreason- able amount v'„} I V* Wlth regard to the present position of the J he extent af the prevailing disloyalty w».V«h'< J"< CTwiUy exaggerated. Defining his P«?^lon tiwre 'nl)1!c Worship,Relation Act, he saiiii thatwhiletl^reniight be cases in which he should be bound, to enforce^"Provision* of that Although he should do so. With ■ e its indiscriminate application and the goWKMns of h .s dic«eseby "the hard and stem application of whichS i W01lk1' lessen those-kindly and trustful laced between himself and those,-over whom he is oens-us recentlv irom 3rtl,Jfair From* an ecclesiastical in, the mptvnli i- lp etei*' *lealn that out.of the 848 churches 'hr-*T« thoiV vP°uls"there ;lr<> ""I}' thirty-five ih. which the clergy bishops in Eucharistic vestments^ thirty-nine whicli- ,Ca'1:fes on the altar; andi Sfty-eight which; fulsixteen in which incense is used—just doubie •. cue number in 1.873; 269 which are dressed with floral decora- won, 152 in which the eastward position, at Communion is main- sained and sixty-seven in which shortened service is performed. Daily Commuaion is celebrated in thirt^-rine only, but in.V23 there is no week-day service 340 maintain stirpliced choirs, 144 of which are paid. There are in addition 400 voluntary chow's 127 adopt tha Gregorian*tones. In 465 chiwehes the surpHee is used in thtt pulpit. There is no retura of the number- of churches irt which the-coufessional box is in vogue." A splencM new church at Wentworth, near Rotheiiham. erected by. Earl Fitzwilliam and other members of the fcunily, t(M perpetuate the memory of their parents, at a cost of £ 25,000, was consecrated by the Archbishop of I-ork on Tuesday, July 31 The chuaeh is free to the parishionees, and will accommodate- nearly (400 persons..
Advertising
NOVELTY, AS A, RVLE, IS A, D F.LVsl oN. -The truth of the above- sentence was never more clearly proved, than in r. of Public Medicine, during the 38 years Jones' Tremadoc Pills have been before and benefitting the Public. Hundreds -If novelties iM thaiitime appcjnred, and most of them_ disappeared. The, oltU medicine still remains in name and quality and ifn forth to bene- fit suffering humanity, so if anyone is troubled; with INDIGES- TION, snd its long train, of diseases, use J»NES' lfrLLS. To be had of all chemists, or per post from the prietor, Cambrian Pill Depfit, Tremadoc, North Wales 14 stamps for the is, box, 33 for 2s. Od., 60 for 4s. Od-. The pillsowill ent per return of post. WATERS' QUININE WINE for Sixteen Years bas been univoxsallv admitted to be the best Tfonic known, and » useful and agreeable accompaniment to Cod Liver O^ We can bear personal testimony to it8 value as a tonic.' —Standard,. Agents for E, I j. Grocer, &c., Melbourne HouSll); Featiniog H. Jones and Co.. GrooerSj Blaenau. Wholesale Waters and Son, Eaatcheap, London; and, Tipwi,3 and Co., W ùrcester