Evening Express

I TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL. DATE. jMax. -Min. Mean IKAINVALL Saturday 4 60 39 49'5 000 Sunday 5 — — — 0"00 Mumlay 6 5^> 30 41*5 0"00 Tuesday 7 59 30 44-5 O'OO Weuuesday 8 6"9 35 47'0 O'OO Thursday 9 h9 33 47*0 0'00 Fritlav 110 59 | 35 i 47'0 0'00 Tlie Temiierat.urovrtpresftnts extreme reading of the thermometer for 24 hours ended 9 Taken in the sbudeat Cwrt-v-Vil, Peuartt. The Rainfall resist,erert at Cwrt-yVil, Penartk, for the 24 Hours ended 9 a.m.

LLANDAFF CATHEDRAL SERVICES. Chants and liymns by the Holiday Choir at 6 p.m tbroughout the week.

BIRTHS. MARRIAGES, DEATHS. Notices of Births, Marriages, and Deaths are char?fid 2s. 6(1. each if not oxcf-oil ii^' 30 worrls, Id. for each addition. word. In ail cases the Notice nuist be authenticated by the signature and address of the sender. BIRTHS. MOUGA'S.—On the 24th November, at Kiu-Kiang, China, the wife of K. A. Morgan, Esq., of Herbert'« Lodge, Bishupston. Swansen, and Commissioner of Iiui-ciial Ohuiese Customs, of a daugl'.ter. DEATHS. BKVAX.—On January 6bh, at liis residence, Oeort;e- Innl. Tali's Well, Jaine* bevan. in h'n 59th year. Burial at Tnngwynlais Baptist C'bapel, January 10, 1896. Peepiy regretted. CKAWl.KY.—On January 12, 1806, at Biyngwyn Kee- tuiv, the Ven. William Crawley, wme time (184.3-- Arrhdeacou of Monmouth, and for 62 years Rector of Brvngwyn, ;n his 94th year. Funeral at 12 30 011 Tlmrstlay, the 16th. LITTLE.—On the 11th inst., Gertnile. aged 14, youngest daughter of Seth Grant and Elivabeth Little. 27. Ronvliv-ereycent, Canton, Cardiff. Funeral leaves for LlnndifT on W!'(I 11 e." (!a y. at 12.30. PRICE —On January 10th, at 31. Mark-ctreet, CardifT. Emma Price, daughter of the iat-e Amy and Isaac Timothy, o! the Masons' Amis Hotel, Cardiff. Funeral Wednesday next, 12.15 p.m., for St. Mellon' WI1 LT.VMS.—On Jamni^v 13th, at 17. Planet-street, C'MdiT, Lumelir. Julia Williams, the dearly-loved wife of William Willianis, in the 27th year of her age. Deeply mourned

Telephone, National. 502 Post-office, 95. Telegrams, "Express," Cardiff.

THE EMBODIMENT OF WELSH MUSIC. The South Wales Musical Festival is on th)9 high road to almost certain succcss. It is a movement which has been piloted from the commencement with consummate skill by Mr. E. W. M. Corbett, who originated the idea., and Mr. W. A. Morgan, who has had a long ex- perience in mueical matters, and whose indi- vidual exertions a.? hon. secretary have not only brought the initial proceedings to a high measure of success, but have a.ho centred in the festival the keenest interest of the musician* and singers of the southern half of the Prin- cipality. It is a striking fact which augurs well for the success of tlii* national under- taking that, from the moment the festival was first mooted at Pontypridd three or four months ago, there ha.s been practical and enthusiastic unanimity manifested by our leading con- ductors. All the preliminaries have now been arranged, and in a little over a. week some 700 sin^er.s in 22 centres will commence the practice of the '"Messiah" and the "Elijah," with musical Compositions by Welsh coir posers for perfor- mance ct the festival to be held in the Roseberv- hail, Cardiff, in June. Monday's public meet- ing at the Town-hall, Cardiff, has given further impetus to the movement. Lord Windsor, lord-lieutenant of the county of Glamorgan, and mayor of Cardiff, is hand in glove with the project, and a strong a.nd influential general commfctoe has been appointed to undertake the guarantee and business arrangements. The fes- tival is an expensive item it cannot be worked for much undev 51,800, but the estimate of reoeipte is far ifeadvanoft of that, And it seems Utterly imprgftyiMfe &nt a&Fthiuur but success can result from the effort. It has long been a matter for outside wonder that a nation like Wales, who-e hills and dales ring with the melody of song, has not ere this had some national embodiment of these gifts, which might be appreciated and recognised the world over. This the South Wales Musical Festival aims at. If it be a success, the musical status of the Principality v ill be raised to the highest level; we do .not look for failure. The venture is successfully launched; it i, b?ing ably managed, and the songsters of Gwalia- will pro- vide the rest. We wish bon voyage to it. _?-

OUR DIARY. TO-DAY. Stin rises, 8.3 a.mi.; sets 4.15 p.m. Moon in 1st quarter. High Tide. Cardiff, 6.42 a.m.; 7.15 p.m. Weather forecast: North-westerly strong windy and gales'; squally; some rain or sleet; colder. Cardiff engagements: — Borough- Quarter Sessions, 10.0 health and Pert Sanitary Committee, 11.0. Police-court, 11.0. Ely iSf lioo! Building Committee, 1.30. Opening Technical School, Dumfries-place, 3.30." Distribution of prizes (Technical Instruction), Town-liai- 8.0. TEN YEARS AGO. 1886—.Tu,nilavy 14, Thursday. Lkuten-swit-colcnel Hill (high sheriff) gave a fancy drosv? ball at the Town-hail. T:ie ipub'ic works* committee decided* to plant a numiV'r of tree# in Senghonydd-iroad. "Pondragcin" drew attention ir the "Wet-tern Mai' to tli3 "disgraceful state of Cardiff tl-reets." Mr. (now Dr.) Common, F.R.S.. lectured on "Celestial Photography," and presented some of big results to the !i1lE.?t1ll1. A conference of chambers of trade took place ct Merthyr, when, in a discussion on railway rates, it ws-s mentioned that within twelve mile' rcdiiw of that town the railway companies re- cured £ 50,000 a year more than they should. A disoussion took place on local' government, introduced by Mr. Frank James. TWENTY-FIVE YEA.RS AGO. 1871.—January 14. Saturday. As the board of guauxlians, Mr. J. Bird in the chair, 310 irmatcs in ths workhouse were re- ported. Klevea German ehip3 were reported as lying near Gloucester, fearing to put to sea lest they should I1B seized hy French eruisel's. "TI15 Theatre.—The pantomime is still draw- ing good houses. On Saturday the perfor- in ar.ee commenced witn the popular play, "Kathleen Mavourneen>" which was well ren- dered, and was followed hy the thrilling per- formances of Mons. Duvalli on the half-inch wire, which is placed from the stsge to the back of the gallery.

THE LONDON PRESS. OPINIONS ON THE QUESTIONS OF THE HOUR. EXGLAXD AND AMERICA. The spirit kindled last week by even the appearance of an attack on our Imperial inte- rests and our national honour ha*; drawn (says the "Times") from a hostile American oritic the acknowledgment that it "compels the re- spect and admiration even of England's tne- J 11 thpse ciroumstances it 'is remarkable and encouraging that the Government at Wr. si ling to 11 have instructed the Am.erieau Am- l>a.-jsador in London to &«k il-'e To'-eign Office to direct the British representatives in South Africa to use their good offices for the protec- bon of Americans. It is not Jess satisfactory to know that Mr. Bayard has been :n a position to reply that he has obtained aesurances thrt the same protection) will be extended co Ameri- pan citizens iIi the Transvaal, who a:e alleged to be implicatedf in i-he recent troubles, that will be givan to British subjects. The stronger the British case (observes the Daily Nrt-ws") the more eager should the Foreign Secretary be to lav it before a com- petent court. It mny he disagreeable (0 re- open negotiations with ?. State whose past con- duct is not above criticism. But surely we are wiliing to make a sentimental sacrifice for the sake of retaining the friendship of the XTn'twl States. We expect something more from Lord Salisbury that an argumentative victory on paper. Diplomacy is business, not dialectic. Provision must be made against m- htv to Brit:-11 subjects. 13m the Eng;ish people demand that this controversy shall be brought to a. close without the risk of so hideous g, er-me ns an Anglo-American Wan Hie "Chronicle" remarks:—We do not think we ('1 err greatly in declaring by treaty that v <■ are prepared to arbitrate all subjects suitable for a-Tibitration -ind in providing a standing Iru': fle^-vbie rmac-hinery for thai puirpose. We maintain thait this wretched Yereauela sotiabble —unsettled' at the end of a ?entury!—is such .1 subject: "imd what m'an, here or in the States, wil.l "av tlllP <>ontrary ? The "Standard" holds the MTOiplcst way would ]¡p, to come co a direct understanding with Yenezuel/a: and it is dear w? shall h»v? the goodwill of the United States in -coking such a solution!. IRISH "PATRIOTS. Ths* "Post" dir.cuwt wme of the recent vc/pourings of certain Hibernians, and wee on to ray there wn-t not a man in Mr. Dillon'- au- dience an Sunday who would have stood a scratch on his 'kin or «hetl a drop of his blood in def'-rtnee to the doctrines which that speaker advocated!. Their applause is nv°rvly seuti- n ?nt",l, their views are whollv visionary. If auvlKxlv is n leader in lrehtnd he is listened to rnd applauded whatever he may say. particu- larly if he declaims against England, but, hav- in" applauded and en o.p"f'd t1w audience ad- joiirn to tho ,i'-a~pst ymblic-house with a feeling that cheiv day's work is done, and that nc more can bc; a*Ved of them. For il;p patriot leaders the question is diITerp:1t. Like other mpn. th?y m"t liw. mll;1t he raised to defray the inevitable expen-es of their railing. Money cannot be unless emotions are stirred; and; it is particularly desirable to stir the emotions of tlw Irish Americans, because they hjve been as ge lerous in the nast as thev are bnkind in the present. Mr. Dillon's speech will be re-printed in America, the hat will again be <;(.]) t rou.nd before Parliament meets, and thr gTme will thei> .Tintinue. No doubt the profession is i>oi a ver/ noble one for rt patriot, but the Inlxiurer is wcrthv of hi- hire. FNGLAVD, FRANCE, AND RUSSIA. With the three chief naval Powers of Europe in general agrppmf''1t. "ith their wor1.ll\"ide interests brought into some degree of substan- tial harmony, the "Chronicle" i" morally Cer- tain that tho peace of Europe would rest on far- more solid foundations than at the present time. Ts not this a great political and moral object, worthy of tfic best endeavours of our Government 2mI people? We say that h- jp. Wo see it in good-feeing between France and England, hope for lb" perishing Armenians, co-operation instead cf je-alons rivalrv in Asia between Russia and Englmd. the liberation of Ttalv frr-m crushing burdens, and such a crnsolidatrd "sen power" (especially with an n'lo-" mpri('an t.ri1-mnal in V'PIV, whidl 5f1a.ll keep the pcop of the New World) as must be respected by the rest of Europe. THE COM TNG B YE-ELECTIONS. The "Post" remarks that while all Unionists should Rpare no effort in each one of these coming elections to give indisputable proof of the strength and the {xipularity of the present Government-, is of real import to emphasise the fact that whatever opposition may be (riven to Ministerial candidates, and whatever me-asrre of success thai; opoosntion may achieve, this wi" be due on internal polit'cs. and will in no man- 1)'<,]," be caused by aoy shrinking back on the rrarr of P idca1 ■; from the foreisni policv of Lord Salisbury or the olonial policy*of Mr. Cham- berlain. On the contrary, every R-idical speech that hflA- })e0n mude on +hese topics during the pa«t week shows wi th ('onyi'twi 11 go ('.] ?:tr n (\;If'! :1.a' Of) th?se filiations Radicals aid Liberals stand shoul-ler t.o shoulder with their Uionist fellaw- countrymen. Olrn VOT(UNTEER^S. The "Teleigraph" devotes an article to the Volnnteer«. a.nd asks if we can be pcw'blv too cratefnl for the existence of this force? It owed 'itt'e or nothing at startincr to offir-iil fanmr, and evem now it '"s 110t h3lf enough en- couraged and developed. But there it is. a sol:d and -aplendid racl. l1nd a recognised and most welcome predion of +ihe active mili- tary power of the E.mrtire. which ha>! savefl Great Britain fro-m the burden of conscription, made itself the envy nf all Continental ?nnds. rll1r1 in -more than (me moment of Imperial d^urrer has con-t':tlifted the secret reason whv the enemies of England hung back in their hostile pToieets. GOOD TRADE COMTNG. The "Times" savs :—Trade notoriously runs in cycles. Good times and bad times suooeod and nrcpare the wav fcr each nther. We have now passed through ,0 prolonged a trad" degres- sion that. Apart from nnv -pecial indications, we mi^ht expect wit1¡ confidence that (l. change must lie near at h/,i<nd. Non*. as we have shown, are the signs wanting that a change has in fact begun, and there i.s encouragement in the thought tfiat, dear and 'tmmista.ka.Kle as they a.re, they do not amount to a proof that full high-water mark has been reached and tlvi.t there is nothing better to look forward to than the past year had brought.

Abdul Hamid II. SURPRISING FACTS AUOUT TURKEY'S SULTAN. Lives in Fear all His Days, and Yet Orders Wholesale Murders. Here are some facts about the Sultan and his subjects that will show what manner of man he is. FACTS ABOUT THE SULTAN. When a new Sultan a-scends the throne the harem women of his predecessor may be uncere- moniously dumped into the Bosphorus to prevent them plotting. Abdul Ilamid is said to have drowned 154- in this way, his brother having been on the throne only a few months, and not getting much of a start for his harem. The Sultan drives to thp mosque in a mag- nificent barouche, trimmed with gold and drawn by black horses, and it is followed by his pony caniage and his favourite riding horse, so he may have hi" choice. as to his method of return- ing. The Sultan is afraid to use one of his palaces, which is situated close to the water, as lie woke up one morning and saw some gnD hoak, which might easily have thrown shells into his window. NI) one knows till a short time before-hand what road the Sultan will take on -his way to the mosque, the route being changed from week to week for fear of assassination. Abdul Hr, mid fears two peotple, his brother, who was his predecessor, and whom he keeps locked up, and his son and successor, whom he also keeps 'locked up. It is believed in Constantinople that thou- sands of people have been killed by order of Aiidul Hamid' out of fear, but that he has killed none for revenge or profit. Every dish coming up from the Imjperial kitchen is scaled with the official imprint of the Grand Vizier, who stands n.ext to the cook, and tastes every article of food. The Grand Eunuch has the rank of a marshal in the palace, and is, with the Grand Vizier, the only representative of the Sultan having the title of Highness. The physician who recently vaccinated the women of the harem was not allowed to look at them, Rprl,i:y stuck their arms through a hole in the v. In tho Imperial palace are crystal posts as big around as a man's body and more than six fed tall, or. top of which are immense cande- labra. The favourite of the Sultan maintains a Court and lives amid -a splendour superior even to that of his mother, but she is guarded by eunuchs. The Sultan is the only man alive who keeps a company of actors to give representations of his own plays, for he fancies himself a play- wright. No inmate of t:13 harem is permitted under any circumstanced to address the Sultan with- THE SULTAN S HAREM. cut being first spoken to. To do so would mean death. The present Grand Eunuch lives outside the ptdace in splendour, having his own. carriages and stable,s, and many retainers and courtiers. The Sultan begins dinner with any dish that happens to strike. his fancy, and has been known to start with ices and finish with a soup. The son and heir of Abdul Hamid is being kept in close confinement, a virtual prisoner, for fear lie will plot to assassinate his father. There is no aristocracy in Turkey, where even the patronymic name is unknown, and a n an rarely knows who was his grandfather. Throughout the Turkish dominions it is a high honour for any woman to enter tho Imperial harem, and thousands try in vain to attain it.. The Georgian slave merchants reserve their choicest female slaves for the Sultan, and the Giand Eunuch selects the best for the harem. A passing glance from the Sultan at once isises any inmate of the 'harem to a high rank, and a word from him maktvs her very impor- tant. AY ondra, the Court violinist, wanted to go to Paris to study, but the Sultan said he had nothing to learn, and kept him in Constanti- nople. I Abdul Hamid is the thirty-fifth in mala descent of tl,p house of Othman ar-d the twenty- eighth Sultan since the conquest of Constanti- nople. Every visitor to Constantinople is interested in two things—the Imperial harem and tltJ weekly ride of the Sultan to the mosque. The Sultan is supposed to have the regulation number .of wives, four, but they are not married to him. They are called kadines. New, frcc-h faces for the harem are being constantly sought, and the official who procures a favourite M, indeed, a lucky man. The princesses of the Imperial blood are kept under lock and key and almost as jeaiously guarded as the women of the harem. New additions to the harem are not presented to the Sultan, but ere dexterously brought into his presence as serva.nts. Abdul Hamid i.s alleged to be the son of an Armenian woman. His maternal ancestry is, like that »f all the Sultans, obscure. The harean includes women of all nationali- ttps, till,? Sultan being a man without race or religious prejudices in this matter. The private eunuch of the Sultan's favourite is a man of much influence in Turkey. He is supposed! to have a "pull." Rich -blonde beauties, with blue eyes and transparent skins, arc the most eagerly nought for the Imperial harem. The Suliitan i.s responsible to nobody for the national taxes, and can take what he pleaseo without rendering account. The Kurd's are mountaineers, who for oen- turie-i have preyed upon the Armenians, who are peasants of the plains. The biggest reform accomplished by Abdul Hamidi has been in reducing t'he expenses of the Imperial kitchen. The chief olbject olf the harem is to perpetuate the Imperial family, in which it has been eminently successful. Dealing i n sla.ve girls is one of the most pro- fitable occupations of Turkey, and is on. couraged by the Sultan The Suiltan dines wherever he happens to be when dinner is ready. Then- a silver table is brought to him. I The official favourite of the Sultan for the time bgi-ng is the most important woman in the Ottoman Empire. Americans who have studied Ahdiul Hamid says he bears a striking rescmWance to the iate Jay Goufd. The woiuien of the hareim, including musi- cians, actresses, and readers, number 1,500 at the present time. The Sultana's word is law everywhere iin Turkey. If he says the sun shinee, it Klines— for the fartihlMl. The ladies of the harem are virtual prisoners, but after the age otf 50 they are allowed gome liberty I The highest ambition of every inmate of the harem is to give 'birth to a son and heir to the Sultan. In spite of his eunuchs and numerous guards, the Sultan fears assassination p.ots within the harem. The Grand; Eunuch, ranks above all the officers of the Turkish Government, save the Grand Vizier. rI'he Sultan has been frequently seen in con- sultation with the Gra.nHi about affairs of state. Abdlul Hamid keeps a. fine yacht, with steam always ujp, in the Bosphorus, but never goes 00 Ijoard. When the Sultan goes to the mosque the roadway is first spread with sand and sprinkled. Some of the eunuchs in time past have been men of l.eaming and many accomplishments. At the Mahometan Easter the Sultan takes a. new and favourite slave to wife every year. Six thousand persons are fed daily at ttia Dolma Bagtme Palace when the Sot)t)H is there. The Sultan is regarded a* an arrant ooward by Europeans who have watched him. The Hasnadar Ousta. or Grand Mistress of the Treac"ry. has direct charge of the harem. The Sultan's eunuchs frequently use the bastinado upon refractory members of tha harem. A fine eunuch is worth almost as much in Constantinople as a fine Circassian girl. The Sultan may cause the instant- death of any man or woman who displeases him. Any man who tried' to pass the door of t.hs Imperial harem would be kiUedi by a eunuch. The Sultan has a thousand! horses in his stable, and takes pleasure in breeding them. While the Sultan is praying, the Sultana., his mother, must wait outside the mosque. Friday is t.he only day when the Sultan goes out. and then he visits the mosque. The chief duty of the Grand Eunuch is to guard the door of the Imperial harem. It requires twice as many slaves as there are courses to serve the Sultan's dinner. The press censorship in Turkey is more strict than in any other country. Abdul Hamid's treasury is fined, wffci flpt- monds, yet he wears little jewellery. The Sultan sleeps in a different room every night for fear of assassination. The Sultan himself does not know how mamy women are in the harem. Although he has ma.ny wives, the Sultan is without a mother-in-law. Flora Collin, a Belgian girl, was recently t1\. favourite of the Sultan. The Sultan never eats from a plate, and rarely uses a knife or fork. The Sultan's eunuohe are well paid, and an all black and brawny. It takes 7,000 troops to guard the Sultan on his way to the Mosque. Eunuchs are the only men permitted to have access to the seraglio. Abdul Hamid pays 5,000 dollars a. pieoo for yioung Circassian slave girls. The Sublime Porte is the name of a door in the Imperial palace. There have been unearthed 418 plots to asfas-siuate Abdul Hamid. Abdul Hamid never reads books and has no library in his palaoe. The food of nhe Sultan is cooked in vessels of gnld and silver. The Sultan has a large theatre and an obser- vatory in his harem. Some of the Sultan's favourites have been very ugly women. The eunuchs of the harem begin thøir work at an early age. The Sultan wears a common fez cap werth aboun a dollar. There is a law in Turkey against the exporta- tinn of horses. Abdul Hamid built the Yildi« Palace at cost of 30,090,000 dollars. Tho Grand Eunuch has .under him 308 sub- oidinate eunuchs. The harem is the most important adjunct oi the palace. Nearly all the ladies of the harem smokfl cigarettes. The Imperial cook is a high muck-amuck in Turkey. You can buy a wife in Turkey on the instal- ment plai. One man does nothing but buy fish ficxr the Sultan. The Sultan is a moderate smoker of cigarettes. The Sultan has an income of 10,000,000 dollara a ye.ar. Abdul H2mid never eats with his harem. Abdul Hamid is fond of 0he.s and of music. Abdul Hamid visits his harem every day. Abdul Hamid does root speak English. _.?_

THE ROTHSCHILDS. SOME FACTS ABOUT THE MIL- LIONAIRE BANKERS. The capital of the Rothschild firm is now said to exceed £ 200.000,000 sterling, and the Vienna branch of the family is the richest. The mem- bers of the firm are Lord Rothschild and his two brothers, Alfred and' Leopold,, sons of that prince, of finaupc, the late Baron Ferdinand de Rothschild. Lord Rothschild, as the eldest, occupies the foremost place in the nrm even his brothers treat him with deference, recognising him as the head. In manner he is somewhat pre-occupied, abrupt, and impetuous, as though his thoughts were too much, engaged with busi- ness to allow him time for exercising those little suavities indulged in by people of leisure. But this is merely manner. LORD ROTHSCHILD'S SYMPATHY. Lord' Rothschild himself is a man of genuine sympathy and kindliness, and lie is well known as a true and warm-hearted friend. Alfred Rothschild is the second brother. In appear- ance he iíol quite different from either Lord Rothschild or the younger, Leopold. They are dark and Jewish-looking, while he is fa.ir, having liglht-ooloured hair and moustache, which latter is larjpe and drooping. Then, again, there is no abruptness in his manner, which is without reproach. He is a most hos- pitable a.nd lavish host, and frequently enter- tains the Prince of Wales. The third brother, Leopold, is an industrious member of the firm in New-court he is said to work at the details of the business more than his two elder brothers. HE OWNS RACEHORSES. Not that it is "all work and no play" with him; far from it. He owns racehorses, and .18 a member of the Jockey Club, and. like his brothers, has a country seat in Buckingham- shire. Another member of the Rothschild family who lives in England is Baron Fer- dinand! de Rothschild. Like Lord Rothschild and his two brothers, he has a town house in Piccadilly, ajid a country one in Buckingham- shire. By birth an Austrian, he has been naturalised as an Englishman. He is not partner in any of the business houses of the Rothschilds, but devotes a great deal of his time to 6ociety, with whose members his beauti. ful country house is generally filled, for he is most hospitable boat. He M a great art col. lector, and his houses are stocked with art treasures. The business of the Rothschilds iet of coi rse, gigantic, and almost world-wide, for, in addition to the London house, there are branches in all the big- capitals of Europe.

IMPRISONED IN A MONUMENT. An annoying inoidemt has occurred to two oountry visitors who had emibarked upon siight-eein in Paris. Amonigwt otheir excur- sions they mounted to the top of the July Column, on the Place de la. Bastille. The weather beting clear, a. fine view was obtained, and the couple stayed so long on the pillar that when they descended they found the door looker There was nothing left but to re- mount the winding stairs and endea.vour to attract the attention of those below, which they did by raising cries for help and throw- ing down scraps of paper explaining their un- plasflnt prcdieam-ent. Even then they were left a. full hour kicking their heels on the narrow platform, exposed to the boisterous east wind. 1

If a woman is kind, polite, and honest, she is well bred—it does not matter whether she has a.ny ancestors or not. CAUSURY'S COCOA. Does not irritate the nerves, but is noothinc. ia. vsooratins:. ami etrenztheuiuc to Um bodx. e343S-<-X