The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette

LIltDAF? CATHEMAL. [The following Address was, in substance, prepared by the latc Dean of Llandaff, a short time before his death. Various circumstauces have prevented its earlier publica- tion but it is hoped that the force of this posthumous appeal will not be weakened by this unavoidable delay.] To the Laity of the Diocese of Llandaff and to the Public in general. I MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, A Considerable interval has now elapsed since I ap- uT\_ pealed to the Clergy of this Diocese in behalf of an ¡ effort to I cstore some p0rtion at kust of our ancient Cathedral. In the address llien circulated I dwelt at some length on the circumstances which gave rise to a strong manifestation of public feeling in favour of the pious undertaking, and quoted some encouraging remarks which, though delivered at a meeting convened for another purpose, contained various suggestions and pro- mises of support, offered in a spirit of the most cordial liberality. In that address I also mentioned with sincere gratifica- tion the number of intimations which had been conveyed to me on the subject, and recorded the progress already made in the restoration of the Welsh Chapel, anciently called the Lady Chapel. This appeal to the Clergy was responded to in the kindest manner by the members of the Chapter and the Clerical body at iarge: the measure of their sympathy wilS be estimated by the list of their names and contribu- tions, and a consideration of the very scanty revenue of the Church throughout the Diocese. HE who regards the willing mind, and accepts according to the ability rather than the amount, will surely appreciate this labour of love. From the Clergy I turn to the Laity of Glamorgan and Monmouth in particular, and to the public generally, in behalf of our attempt to restore, or at least to improve, our venerable Cathedral. The See of Llandaff is asserted to be, beyond dispute, the oldest, as its revenues are unquestionably the poorest, in the kingdom. Touching the antiquity of this Church," 3ays Bishop Godwin, "it is reported to have been built in the second century, about the year of Christ ISO. It is certain that Dubritius presided here in 436, and that he was instituted Metropolitan in these parts." For more than fourteen centuries of the Christian era has Llandaff existed, with various fluctuations of wealth and depression, as an Episcopal See and it may serve to shew how great has been the spoil and waste of her revenues when we state, on tbe authority of tbe same Bishop Godwin, "that so much riches has been be- stowed on Llandaff, that if it enjoyed the tenth part of that which it has been endowed with first and last, it would be one of the wealthiest Churches in Christendom whereas," adds the mournful chronicle, it hath now nard!y sufficient to repair itself." In the beginning of the 12th century, Urban, the thirtieth Bishop of this See, had it in his heart to rebuild this Church. "At his first coming he found his Bishoprick in a very poor and miserable condition—the Church ruined almost to the ground—the revenues so confiscated that out of twenty-four canons they could now scarcely maintain two." The zealous Bishop complained thereof to the King and other authorities, and in the year lily pro- cured letters to the CLERGY AND GENTRY OF THIS KINGDOM, particularly of his own Diocese. By this means, having gathered great sums, he pulled down the old Church, and began upon the 14 April, 1120, the building of the present fabric, which is, says Godwin, "a very elegant one, being 300 feet long and 80 broad, and adorned at the west end with two stately towers of great height, and a neat Chapel of our Lady—a work truly magnificent, and to be remembeied with honor by posterity." In 1-178 Bishop Marshall became a gipat benefactor to this Cathedral, in "beautifying it by fresco painting, and by an altar piece of free-stone." It is a melancholy task to contrast its early beauty with its present deformity. Browne Willis, in his prefatory epistle to his Survey of the Cathedral Church of Llandaff, writing in the year 1715, describes it as "having fallen into a most deplora- "ble decay within these few years and thus touchingly expresses his reasons for undertaking his work :— Wherefore it was that after a sad contemplative test so glorious a structure as this church, honored by being 'the ancientest Bishop's See in the Kingdom (as we have evident authority to shew) raised, enriched, and beautified by the piety of so many noble founders, should be utterly destroyed that I forthwith," &c. &c. It is to prevent the accomplishment of this anticipated evil, to stay and to repair the ravages of time that I now appeal with confidence to public generosity, to individual taste, and above all, to National Piety. To that natural inquiry—"What have joil done for 41 yourselves '!—-How far have you put your own shoulders to the burthen" We answer—we have done what we could. We have, at our own capitular cost, placed a new covering of lead over the whoie of the roof of the Cathedral, the aisles, and the chapel. We have raised a new ceiling within; we have also, from our own private, as weIl as from capitular resources, assisted by the clergy and seme leading persons of the diocese, effected the complete restoration of the Welsh chapel in a manner entirely approved by competent judges and men of taste- Our desire now is to carry on the work of improve- ment tn the Cathedral at large. How far this desire may be accomplished must depend upon the extent of our means. Earnestly do we hope that Jour liberality may enable U3 to effect a complete restoration of the beautiful and venerable fabric but, should our funds prove in- sufficient for the immediate execution of that purpose, we are justified in expecting that enough may be collected, not only to execute the extensive improvements now in hand, but to carry forward its gradual restoration upon a settled and uniform plan, and in a style of architecture, corresponding with the noble remains of the ancient edifice. What may then remain unfinished may be com- pleted by the piety of those who follow us in the good work. Care being studiously taken to do nothing our- selves which they may wish undone; but, on the con- trary, to leave them an example, which shall at once guide and encourage them in prosecuting the same design That wishes and efforts having such an object in view will be met by the public with a willing heart and a literal hand, we entertain no doubt. We are far from reflecting upon the want of taste of our piedecessors, who, near a century ago, refitted the Church for Divine Service, after it had lain 30 years in ruins. They did what they could, according to the style of that age— when the arts and, more especially, architecture were in this country at the lowest ebb. We are anxious to remedy those defects. We appeal to an age far more wealthy and far better taught, to supply us with funds, which they may be sure will now be applied with equal zeal, but with infinitely better effect. We call upon the lovers of our Reformed Church to lend a friendly hand to this pious work-to help us when struggling in a good cause—labouring to change a disfigured, but stiil a venerable structure, into a form worthy of its solemn and holy purposes, and corresponding with the dignity cf a Cathedral Institution. Without such aid the object is unattainable. We shall still, indeed, make the attempt, — let it not be said that ,ou looked on with indifference, and that in consequence of that indifference our attempt has been unsuccessful. WILLIAM BRUCE KNIGHT. Postscript by the Dean of Llandaff. — Nov. 1845. I will not, by any addition of my own, weaken the force which the above appeal must carry with it, in coming, as it were, from its author's tomb, who still, however, lives in the hearts and memories of all the members of the diocese to which it is in the first place addressed but still I cannot feel satisfied that it should go forth unaccompanied by the declaration, how near to my own heart is the cause thus pleaded by my beloved and venerated predecessor; and what delight it will afford me to co-operate by every means in my power ia the exertions which I am sure this address will cal. forth. W. D. C'ONYBEARE. Lisr OF THE SUBSCRIBERS, BEING CLERGY OF THI DIOCESE OF LLANDAFF, TO THE RESTORATION 01 THE CATHEDRAL. £ s. d Right Rev, Edward Copleston, D.D., Lord Bishop 500 0 ( Very Rev. W. I). Conybeare, Dean 100 0 ( Very Rev. W. HI uce Knight, late Dean and Chancellor 100 0 ( Very Rev. J. Probyn, late Dean and Arch- deacon 50 0 C Venerable Thomas Williams, Archdeacon of LIandaff.)0 0 (. Venerable Wm. Crawley, Archdeacon of Moiur.ouih 50 0 ( Rev. Hugh Williams, Chancellor of the Dio- cese 10 0 ( Rev. J. M. Traherne, Chancellor of the Cathedral 150 0 ( Thomas Siacey, Precentor 10 0 ( Henry Douglas, late Precentor 100 0 ( W. Williams, D.D., Canon 50 0 ( R. Watson, Canon 500 ( II. H. rsorris, Canon 1'0 0 ( J. Guisford, D.D., Canon 100 0 ( Edward James, Canon 0 M W. Powell, Canon SO 0 ( R. Prichard, Senior Vicar }O 0 E. P. Thomas, Junior Vicar 0 ( ii L. Blosse, Newcastle. 0 ( W. Bruce, St. Nicholas 10 0 ( A. Biedermain, Flemingstone b ( R. Came, Llanmaes 10 0 C •« J. C. Campbell, Merthyr"1 10 0 C James Cole#, Michaelstone-y-Vedw a 0 ( T. Davies, Trevethin ]0 0 C J. Davies, Shirenewton 5 0 C ,V. D..nies, Llanddewy Rhyddent. 2 0 0 A. Dene, St. Athan 2 2 0 J. Barward Davies. l 1 (J J. Evans, Llandough 10 0 (i R. E\ans, Margam 5 0 0 T. Edmondes, Lianblethian 5 Q U J. Edwardes, Giiesion 5 5 0 F. F. Edwauies, Gileston 5 50 "W.Evans, 3 3 0 T. Evans, Goytrey 4 0 0 J. Fleming, Liang wm 1 1 \J Edward Griffiths, Llanvaches ■ 1 1 0 F. Gardner, late Rector of Llanvetherine u 0 (i Carrisd Torward 1700 <'i y V £ s. d. Brought fjrward 1700 3 0 ilev.D. II. Griffith, ^adoxton-juxta-Neath.. 5 5 0 E. W. Gabb, Llanwenarth 5 0 0 D. Griffiths, Llanilid 1 1 0 E. Hawkins, Newport 5 0 0 J. Harding, Coity and Coychurch 10 0 0 D miel Jones, Caerleon 10 0 0 Evan Jenkins, Dowlais 3 3 0 W.Jones, Peterston Wenlloog 4 4 0 H D. Jones, Panteague 5 0 0 I). Jones, Wolvesuewtou 1 0 0 II. Knight, Newton 0 0 0 {'. R. Knight, St. Bride's M:ijor 6 6 0 II. H. Knight, Neath 10 0 0 E. D. Knight, Tredegar 5 0 0 j W. Llewellyn, Llangeinor 1 1 0 F. Lewis, Llanvoger 5 0 0 W. Price Lewis, junior, late Curate of Llantrisaint 5 0 0 T. Langley, Llandogo 3 3 0 "Augustus Morgan, Machen 10 0 0 E. Morgan, Llantrissent 2 2 0 G. M. Maber, late Rector of Merthyr Tydfil 10 0 0 D. Morgan, Llancarvan 2 0 0 E. Dempster Miller, Skenfrith 2 2 0 J. Nelson, Peterston 10 0 0 J. C. Prosser, Devander l 1 0 W. Powell, Raglan 5 0 0' W. B. C. Powell, Curate of Raglan. 1 1 0 Morgan Powell, Coedkernew 2 0 0 E. Roberts, St. Bride's Minor 3 3 0 D. Reece, late Vicar of Aberavon 3 3 0 Daniel Reece, Aberystruth 3 3 0 G. Roberts, Monmouth 5 0 0 E. S. Stanley, Curate of Raglan. 2 0 0 Sir Charles Salusbury, Llanwern 10 0 0 George Thomas, Llandaff Court 125 0 0 F. Taynton, Ystradowen 5 0 0 E. Thomas, Britonferry 3 3 Q W. Thomas, Kilybebill 5 5 q R. T. Tyler, Llantbritbyd 10 0 0 G, Traherne, St. Hilary 10 0 0 W. Watkins, Merthyr Mawr. 3 0 0 J. Williams, Mathern 10 0 0 Lewis Williams, Mounton 5 0 0 T. Williams, Triniry, Abergavenny 5 0 0 C. A. Williams, Llangibby 5 5 0 E. J. Vvilliums 10 0 0 R. Williams, Roggiot 1 1 0 J. Webb, Cardiff 20 0 0 J. J. Williams. Curate of Aberdare 1 J 0 H. Warrilow, Lanishen 1 1 0 J. Williams, Marcross 10 0 0 20D1 17 0 DONATIONS OF CLERGY NOT RESIDENT IN THE DIOCESE. JE. s. d. the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Winches- ter 100 0 0 The Chapter of Winchester 50 0 0 The Very Rev. the Dean of St. Asaph 50 0 0 The Rev. W. D. Conybeare, (1st donation) Axminster 10 0 0 The Rev. W. J. Copleston, Cromhall 5 0 0 W. Dansey, Donhead, St. Andrews. 2 0 0 Robert Jackson, Worcester 5 0 0 D. Jones, Bishopton 5 0 0 Howell W. Lloyd, Vorlas, Denbigh- shire 1 0 0 R. Prichard, Newbold 20 0 0 J. C. Robertson, Curate of Boxley.. 5 0 0 W. Rayer, Tidcomb. 10 ÍO 0 A Friend 5 0 0 268 10 0

..11or£(gn fnteUifjrntf. [Continued from our first page.] FRANCE.—The Paris journals of Monday contain nothing of interest, with the exception of an article in the Journal des Debuts upon the Oregon question, a considerable portion of which we lay before our readers :— The difference of opinion between the two govern- ments is very great. It would merely have been a cause of coolness between the Caninets, if the dispute had re- mained enveloped in diplomatic secrecy, but official declarations have been made, which give the question the most disastrous character; from a clashing of secondary interest, it has -become a question of a point of honour. President Polk, doubtless in virtue of pledges given at the time of his election, inserted in his inauguration message, the most solemn document that can emanate from him, a passage which nothing had riyjdered neces- sary, and which declared the extreme opinion of the western states. The English cabinet was moved at this unexpected incident in the negociation Sir Robert Peel and Lord Aberdeen replied, in full parliament, in terms as explicit as those made us of in the message. England sfie of maritime prep- r.lliOl1, at which France took umbrage in a very mal-a-propos manner, and which preparations have now raised the English navy to a formidable degree of power; she has taken her precautious as thougo a war njii>ht break out in the year 184b. The United States, on the contrary, have Prepared nothing against snch an eventuality. If now passed as in the last century -if commerce had not created interests which render a declaration of war very diificult, we should say that every thing depends on the Message which the President Polk is this day to deliver to Congress. In the event of that magistrate maintaining his assertion of last year there will only remain the last argument of kings and people for of what avail would be negociation ttiei-eitfterl The question would J°'"ger be as to the division of terri- tory., lor Mr. pol<i wiil have Qregoti entire. England has latterly proposed to refer it to arbitration, but this the President wiil uot co-lsent to. What other arguments can, therefore, be brought forward besides those which issue from the cannon's month i Electoial necessities can, therefore, alone explain the con.inct of Mr. Polk, who had the reputation of being a calm and reserved man. He is a native of Tennessee, one of the western states oi the Union. It is Oil the west that he founds the hope of his re-election, and the west demands the entire of the Oregon territory., It 'sg therefore, with much reason that some of the American Journals tell their countrymen that the Oregon question which to be understood requires an attentive study of old treaties and diplomatic documents, is solved at once in every village of the west by political demagogues, who have read nothing, and who only- know one thing—that they are sure to please the multi- tuJe and obtain- their suffrages, by telling them that. Uod has given them the uey Continent, from one extremity to the other for their exc lusive use. However, this may be, there is every reason to fear that the message of this day wiil be in accordance with the feelings of the democracy of the western states. Private letters from America, which come down to the luth November, hold out little to the contrary. The annexation of Texas caused the iirst election of Mr. Polk, and to secure his second he wishes to obtain possession of Oregon. The calculation will be extravagant but the general opinion at New York, at Philadelphia, and at Washington, is that the President will do it- A War between America and Eng- land will be a calamity for the civilised world, and by degrees every maritime nation may be drawn in to take part in the conflict, in consequence of the vexatious inter- ruptions which neutrals wiil not fail to meet with in the desperate struggle which will desolate the surface of the ocean. But for _Eiio'alld and for America it will be such an overturning of int^iests that we cannot but think tnat whatever, the language ol the President in his message may be. the cause ot peace will not on that account be irretrievably lost. If War should breakout, New York, irretrievably lost. If War should break out, New York, New Orleans, and Boston would be closely blockaded, and their merchants ruined, but at the same time what injury would be lutlicted on British commerce, which covers every sea, by American cruisers? What would become of Manchester if a supply of Ame- rican cotton failed it and would the souih-western states of the union, whose principal produce is cotton, be supported without that market 1 What a shock would it even be for the constitution of the Union itseln We must, therefore, still hope, that there will be found in America courageous oratoio who, from the tribune of the Congress which is about to open, will make heard the accents of truth to the American people, and Lhat their eyes will be opened. 'I he English Cabinet, on its ;-ide, will understand iliat the immense interests of British -LI liol I manufactures demand that snence shall be imposed on the susceptibilities of national honour, au.i taut even should President. Polk be so Mind as to pronounce the imprudent words that are talked or, It is to be hoped that peace will continue to s; read over Great Britain and the United States the benefits with which it has loaded those two great nations, to the great advantage of all other countries." HOLLAND. THE ENGLISH IN BORNEO. --The Hague, Nov. 30.—In the Second Chamber of the States General the discussion last liic.ay evening turned upon the settlement of the EnglIsh in Borneo. One member, Ileer Van Rijeke\orsel, observed that the colonisation of Borneo by England would tend to disturb the repose and to endanger the safety of the Dutch possessions. Ue had read with feelings of anxiety in the iitaats Courant that the English traveller, Jatnes Brook, had, in the begin- ning of the year, proceeded Irom Sera vak to Borneo Proper, accompanied by the Pangerang Moudo Hasso- reni, and had met with a friendly reception. The Staats Courant had. moreover, announced that Mr. Brook had I.v oil received permission to carryon trade there that he had been authorised by the l'rince Of Borneo Proper to settle at ?>erawak, and that in return the latter had been assured of the protection of the British Government. The speaker then referred to the treaty of 1824, the provisions of widen, he contended, were violated by the events to which he had alluded, and urged the Government to furnish some explanation respecting the aiiair. Heer Lijtkevorsel next alluded to what he teimed the Ma- cniavciiau explanations" of the Atlas and oihei English papers, and remarked that iioliand ought not to permit me slightest inroad upon the treaty ol 1S24. "We must •v-mploy all possible means," l'e said, to maintain our just iiglits, and, in case of need, to prove that we have 1 set yet degenerated fXfØl cuf aa'WtPje# By raanifeiunf A L. --J.L- -■is determination we may Joy chImto the esteem of Euro, penn pswers. My own innate conviction is, that we nmM. ic-f with great circumspection, and I trust that the go- vTrnment-will gile such an explanation as will satisfy the miire nation."—The Colonial Minister, in reply, sp.ikt- as follows:—"Tiie statement rnada by a member o: this chamber respecting Borneo is mainly correct. The en- -•rprise was at first merely a private one, and the govern- rieiit did not see any necessity for interfering. About "YO years ago another expedition sailed up one of the rivers of Borneo, and the persona composing it attempted zo effect a forcible settlement "on the island; but after eoniing into hostile collision with the natives, they were repelled. Since that event it has been announced in the English joumds that a naval force would be sent OUi irom England iu order to obtain redress. This announce- ment induced the government, to require some explana- tion from the English cabinet, and the latter gave thi- uost satisfactory assurances. It is difficult to ascertain the precise nature of the subsequent occurrences. There has been, however, an interchange of notes between the cabinets of London and the Hagu?. and I trust that it will lead to a happy result. You may rest assured that the government of the Netherlands will be on the alert to prevent the least encroachment on our right! and, above i :111, "1 firmly maintain those which mate to Borneo. We shall alwavs know how to preserve the rights of our colonics,which are the glory of our country, and to cause those rights to l-c respected. After rome further remarks from .leer Rijckevorsel, the conversation, which appeared t) excite much interest in tiie chamber, then dropped. Tns BOHNEO PIRATEs.-The Agincourf, 72, with the flam or H.e;¡r-Admiral Sir T. Cochrane, aad the sql1:ldron with which the admiral proceeded on an expedition against the pirates of Borneo, returned to Hongkong on the 15th and 16th of September. It was composed of the Agincourt, 72, Commander Lyster; the Vestal, 21>, Captain Talbot; the Dscdalus, 20, Captain M'Q.uhae; the Wolverine, 16, Captain Clifford the Vixen, steam-sloop, Commander GifFord and the Hon. Company's steameis, Nsmesis, Commander Russell, and the Pluto, Com- mander Ayres. They succeeded in destroying a piratical 1 fort at Borneo, after a desperate resistance, in which the loss on board the squadron was severe. Twenty-live were put hurs da comb.it while lying at the raft, 10 of them killed and 15 wounded. Among the officers, Mr. Leonard Gibbard, mate cf t:18 Wolverine, was killed; and Lieut. Thos. Heard (l!vl0), of the Agincourt, formerly of the Samarang j and :\1 r. Pyne, second master of tiie Vestal, wounded. The admiral has given the pirates a lesson which they wiil not easily forget. The above ships remained at Hongkong with the Minden hospital- ship, Master Commander Wellington. The pirates who for so long found shelter on the coast of Borneo, have done great damage to the trade, not only of this country, but of Europe generally. Although repeatedly attacked, they have never been thoroughly exterminated, and it is now the wish of the Government of this country to have pa33ession of an island which will be a point from whence these maraudjrs can be kept at bay, and form at the same time a haven for our ships frequenting that coast. Iu order to secure the possession of the islautl ceded by the Sultan, the attack was rendered necessary, and accomplished in the following gallant manner: — rhe fleet from Borneo proceeded to Labuan, where the steamers wooded, and the Admiral with ali his force then went to Melluda Day, where the large men-of-war anchored, and the brigs, steamers, and gun-boats, with the marines, ran up the bay. On the 18th the force an- chored off Sheriff Osman's river. On the same afternoon 24 boats, containing in all 550 men, seamen and marines inclusive, under the command of Captain Talbot, pro- ceeded to the mouth of the river, where they anchored for the night. The next morning they proceeded up the river, and came on the pirates' position about U o'clock. It was found to consist of three forts, of which two mounted eleven heavy ships' guns, and was, moreover, protected by a most formidable boom, bound round with ships' cables, as that, altogether, the preparations and me;ui3 of defence were of a most complete and deadly nature. After a short parley, which produced no result, the attack was commenced but so perfect were the de- fences and so determined the opposition of the enemy, that it was full fifty-three miuutes before a passage could be forced througn the boom. As soon as the pirates salv the.British ,")<Jat3 coming through the opening, they fled in all directions, but with heavy punishment. The forts and town were destroyed, and the guns brought away, and an immense quantity of property of all sorts was burned. Titelosson the side of the British force was 6 killed and 15 wounded, 2 mortally. Mr. Gibbanl, mate of the Wolverine, was the only officer killed. The loss of the enemy was very severe, many leading men being killed. It was reported, from a scource wor- thy of credit, that Sheriff Osuian had received a severe wound, which may, perhaps, rid the coast of a daring and to:) successful chief. Several Sheriffs and Pangeratis from Saluk and Llanoon were found among the slain. These latter pirates are said to have fought with great courage. Amongst the spoil which was taken possession of, was the bell of the Bremen vessel, Wiiheltn Ludwig, wrecked some years ago on the coast of Borneo, with the cables, boa:s, and furniture of more than one European vessel. Too much credit cannot be awarded to the Admiral for the vigour of his proceedings on the coast of Borneo, which have struck terror into the hearts of the boldest pirates and if the .course be only persevered in of an expedition paying a visit to Borneo every now and then, il¡:1i;:tiug chastisement where merited, we may hope to see piracy effectually crualied on that coast.—Singapore Free Presa. Despatches have been received at the Admiralty Office from Rear-Admiral Sir T. Cochrane, C.D., Commander- in-Chief of Her Majesty's ships and vessels on the East India station, giving the d -tails of the aifiir off the coast ¡ of Borneo. We are luppy to state that the oiffcers an men \v.:o particularly distinguished themselves lathis aiiair, have been promoted. W A R S I G N S I If the strength of motives alone were regarded, it would not be easy to imagine an immediate or e trly war possible. But I with nations, as with individuals, there are moods of the mind when the most trivial motives become po .venal—w'le.i plausi- ble excuses for following inclination alone are wanted. Among civilized nations, the only quarters from which our peae> :s threatened are America and France. Other states ,\re pith too remote—locally, or in the objects they par-ue—lo dash with us, or they are too insignificant to become principal' in a war. But the United States and France are powerful coin- munities their pursuits and ours bring us incessantly into contact; we rub against awl fret each other. With neither of those countries is there any re \5:),1 to appre- hend what is called a war of principles. Tiia propagandise spirit, which animated Spain in its egressions upon iingland in the age of Elizabeth, and set France by the ears with the whole of Europe in the eighteenth century, is dornia.it at present. It is confined to the Dreasta of a few poor exile.s aud recluse scholars. Even that derivative motive to war, groundless sus- picion of a propagandist spirit ill others, i-t hashed. The Duke of Brunswick was animated less by a de-ire to re-estabiish Monarchy in France than to arrest Itevoiutionary principles in Germany: and the prosolytism of the Convention had its origin mainly in a wish to find work at home for the Sovereigns who were suspected of plotting against the Republic one and indi- visible." But now, nothing is apprehended irJ Fra:1Cc. England, or America, from foreign plots against the constitution. The actual grievances with which the three countries not sel- dom or sparingly reproach each other, are all. compared with the magnitude of national interests, trivial in their amount. Ore- gon, ostensibly the most important ground of dispute between the united States and Great Britain, has a prospective and con- tingent rather than an actual value. Besides, Great Britain is stiil willing to accede to a partition-treaty, and the Govcrmneat at Washington many years ago proposed this mode of termi- nating the dispute. The irritation of the controversies about slavery and the slave-trade is calculated to promote petty reprisals of iilciyllity-to e mbitter hostilities if there were a valid ground for war—but scarcely to provoke to war of itself. The incessant petty naval collisions with France arising out of the anti- slaverj policy of England are a standing grievance ot that coun- try also, but not weighty enough to appear a justifiable casus belli, were the public temper in a healthy st te. 1 ue jealousies occasioned in France and England occasioned by the attempts of either nation to extend its foreign influence, have at present the least possible food to keep them alive. In India and Aus- tralia, England is merely rounding and organizing her terntories in regions from which France has long ago withdrawn. The aggressive movements of France in Airica and Oceania are characterised by the restless, morbid desire of the nation to make its influence felt abroad, but are too petty in tneaiselves and a:so too costly to afford England reasonable grounds for apprehension. in the actual relations of the three countiies we see nothing that could either justify or palliate a war: yet iu all of them there is a "note of preparation, that would seem to indicate war is not very far distant. So much talked about, it has come 10 be regarded as something not improbable. The idea of war has taken possession of men's imaginations as a tiling that may be; and this is iu itself a movement towards a breach of peace. When war is thought possible, preparations are made to meet it; and when preparations have been made, the disinclination to turn them to account is diruinisned. Men were mure prompt to quarrel when they wore swords, than they are no-.v when weapons must be deliberately sought for. Even imaginary airrvuts are irresistible when men are ready for action. The peculiar couslitutioll of America, which throws an undue share of power into the hands of the class least capable of appreciating the danger of war, increases the danger. In the „ew States, the reckless adventurers, who have little to lose, who labour under an incessant craving for excitement, and who have no standard whereby to estimate the power of the nation they provoke, are in the ascendant and the new States now decide the election of President an I a majority of the members of Congress In France, espeei.il; ia the provinces, a rational pacific spirit is much more wi :el.> din used than the tone of the newspaper-press leads those III oeu_e wha are not personally acquainted with the country out tne institutions of France throw an immense power into the hands of the central Execu- tive, and its ranks are reeanted in a great measure from the literary class, among whom the w.ir-.spirit is strongest. Only a week ago, M. Dupin attordeda striking illustration of the temoor of this class: he submitted to the insmute a paper on the results of the English Harbour Commissions and in this essay, professedly scientific, and addressed to a scientilic body, he systematically and ostentatiously applied to our projected har- bours of refuge the designation of harbours of refuge and atjyrtssion." The reigning King holds the belligcrent spirit 01 the French employe class in cheek bat a younger ruler might lack the power to do so, or might participate in the delusion. it is too plain that both in France and America there are classes in the mood to seek excuses for war; and that iu bjth countries the peculiar constitution of the government bestows great power on these classes. lo every war, it is true, there must be two parties i and in England the bellicose class is both less numerous and less poiveilut than in America and France. The abstract conviction that war, under any circumstances, is foolish and criminal, on one su-e at least, has spread wide and deep roots through the classes which possess political intiueuce. But even here. public opinion is not prepared to make this abstract conviction a rule oi action in individual cases. The English are not yet a nation of Quakers, if we are to have war, Englishmen of the middle class will acquiesce ia the necessity, as men still go out and light duels—admitting that, viewed in the abstract, the practice is perlectly unjustitiable complaining that they are obliged at once tj sacrifice their true interests and act against their conscience; and yet stubbornly resolute to iii csimeet t9 tht >&pe<:tai9r.

COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, WESTMINSTER. TUESDAY. [Before Mr. JUSTICE CANS WELT..] CRiM. Cox. — C ..Aittt v. Dt'K-iroTiD.—( Special Jury.) Counsel for the plaint iff, the Atior;i?y-G?nera! (3 if F. Thessufw), Mr. Sergeant T*!?->urd, Mr. Butt, Q.C., and Mr. tJalhuuyae.—Attorneys, Messrs. Hrittan aud Sin. Counsel for tha defendant, Sir Thomas Wiklt>, and .Ur. Sergeant Chauneli.—-Attorney, Mr. Brooke Stnith. Mr. B.il'antyuc opened tha pleading. The plai iti!}' was Mr. T.hvar Ciurk, solicitor of Bristol, and the de- fendant, Mr. VViilia-n James DunsforJ of the same place, and the nrlion wa bron >ht to recover ditnuges for crimi- nal conversation with the- plaintilf's wife, and the damages wer", ¡ai:l !It .£ W,O¡'O. The Attorney-General, after a brief introduction, said—The plaintiff is a soli\-i;or of considerable eminence and of extea-ive practic.' iu the city of Bristol. He be- came acquainted with his wife in IS'JU, in consequence of a union which had taken place between their families. The father of the wife of the plaintiff, Mr. Myles Ariel, a West India merchant, had united himselt to the elder sister of the plaintiff: tills of courss led to the closest in- timacy between the families. Tha phintilP had thus many opportunities of seeing the younger daughter ol Mr. 'jlylea Ariel, Mis3 Ag-dha Ari d. She was a young lady, IS years of age, and of great personal attractions. An attachment sprung up between them, and with the entire recurrence and anllrohatioa of t;w fl;nUie:¡ on both sit*; the union took pi ce ia Jane, 1SU9. The ceremony was performed by a brother of the plaiutid's, and it was attended by.the mutual relatives of both par- ties. The plaintiff evinced no want of liberality in the settlement. The young lady was entitled to a small fortune, arising from a share in some neehold property, and which was estimated to be of the value of £ '2,000; that was introduced into the settlement, an<s to it was added a smm of £ 5,01)3 given by the pia'-ntiif out of his own funds. This property he settle,! entirely on his wife for her own separate use, leaving to himself nothing but fhe chance of survivorship and giving a power of joint apportionment among the children or the two surviving ones. Immediately after the marriage Mr. Clark, whose professional success enabled him to live, in great comfort and eveo luxury, took a house itf Berkeley-square, Bristol. He there lived in a slate of perfect affection aad of vutire happiness with his wife. Their union was crownerI with that, which under other circumstances I should have called a blessing, a numerous1 family. Five children were successively borne to the marriage, & when the wretched woman left her husband's home she was ia the way to become the mother of the sixth. But Ict no ;nan promise to himself pcrmanency in any good which is centered in only earthly objects. A fair and brilliant scene ofhappinesa was before the view of the plaintiff; it vanished in an instant at the foul touch of the spirit of uniuliowctl lust. The defendant, unhappily for the plaintiff, became a resident at Bristol. He was a young man who had embraced the medicai profession, and he, unfoitunately, became partner with the elder brother of the plaintiff, a surgeon ia very consideraole practice, ia Bristol. lie paid a sum of £ 1,000 for the partnership, the conditions being that he was to have a certain share of the profits, to be increased iron time to time according to the terms set forth. The defendant was a gentleman of prepossessing manners and appearance. Of course his connection with tne plaintiff's brother led to an imme- diate introduction to his house. He became the gaest of the plaintiff on many occasions. He becamehis intimate friend. He was also the medical attendant of his wife. fie was there double trust—first ue was bound by all the sacred rights of hospitality to respect the confidence reposed ia him, and then by the yet more solemn obliga- tions of his professional character, which necessarily induced that unlimited reliance on his honour and in- tegrity, which we are all compelled to bestow on the members ot that honourable protession, and which, lo their credit be it said, is so rarely abused. And if all this was uot sufficient to render the defendant au object of entire reliance and security, it wiil h-1 found in the (act that he was actually engaged to be married, and was married on the 11th day of June, 1814, to a young lady of most respectable connections, and that period is one to which, for severnl re tsons, 1 am most particularly anxious to direct. your attention. You will find that in 181-1 the visits of the defendant to the house of the plaintiff became more frequent and of louger continuance. The mode in which he was admitted and received, the length of time to which his visits extended, excited the curiosity and suspicious of the servants, but the plaintiff himself was utterly ignorant of all that was proceeding.under his roof. His oSiie js were at a distance from his honse he was compelled to attend very closely to a great extent of piofesaimial business, and not only was absent during the day and evening, but the nature of the employment of himself atfJ partuer frequently called him tio.n the city. If he bad been aware of the defendant's frequent visits to his wife, they would not have excited the slightest feei- ing ofsuspicioninhis mi .d lie knew that the defendant was his friend, and that he was also their medical atten- dant; but he was utterly ignorant of all the circumstances and had no notion of the dreadful blow aimed at his happiness. A ch<1.n¡;e, however, took place i:1 the con- duct of his '.vifs to-.yards him. From bein g kind and affectionate, she became indifferent and abrupt. As her intimacy with the defendant advanced, she became care- less of her household duties, and negligent of her children —that sure sign that the mother's heart is corrupted. There was altogether a marked estrangement and aliena- tion ill her coadnct towards the plaintiff. He bore all with patience and gentleness, and trusted by the exhibi- tion of all the warrn-h of affection to gradually recal her to a sense of her dntic. On tiie 5th of Au. 1815, the family went to Westo i-"Jper-Mare, a watering place at i short dist.iuc ■ from Bristol. That ;d ;ce was selected for its cenve iieuc; for til? plaintiff, in order that after his daily attendance on [jis professional business he illicit return in the eve .ings to his f iir.ily. The persons who composed the t'emily, and who accompanied .hem to Weston, were the plaintiff and his wife and their iive children, two young ladies, distant relations of Mrs. Clark's, viz., Miss Kafe and -Miss Carotin • Kerbv, an.l .\1r. Myles Ariel, the brother of the plaintiffs wife." The family remained at Weston unt.l the );:i of September. The plaintiff was obli ged ro be absent o.i two occasions, being called by professional business to liieter. He left home on the lirst occasion on the l^ih of August, and returned on the '2t-th; and on the second occasion on the odi of Sept., returning on lhe 9th. On the loth of Sent, he went down to We^niu to see tiie family off on their return to Biistol. On the lota ho loft ag-iiu for Exeter. Very soon after his departure tho dreadful dis- covery was made of the circumstances into which we have to inquire. Before his return his unhappy wife was removed from his house and taken to a married sister's at Ne wport, Monmouthshire, and they never met a['ain. Gentlemen, the altered conduct of the wife of the plaintiff, increasing as I have told you by her closer familiarity with the defendant, became so painful and distressing to the plaintiff, that before lie left home on the last occasion he entreated the interference of his brother Mr. Henry Clark, who was otierthan himself, and whose profession d character promised to give him some influence over the mind of his wife. Mr. llenry Clark called in Berkeley-square. The plaintiff's wife shut herself up. He called again oa the following day, and was admitted to an interview. The ser-.a its were awarepf his interference, and of some portion of the extraordinary conduct of the plaintiffs wife, and as Mr. Henry Clark was leaving the house and giving some orders to the nurse about the children, she hinted at some disclosure. Mr. Henry Ciarkwassotittteureparedfot- what has since followed, thtt he repulsed herconMen-e, and it was not until the lOin, when be again went, that the servants having made up their minds that ail they knew should be told, acommunication took pi t e of those painful and disgraceful particulars which it has fallen to my lot to have to detail. It appears, as I have already mentioned, that ill the beginning of the year 1811, the visits of Mr. Dunsford were more frequent, and of louger contmuaiicethanusuat. The curiosity of the servants was naturally roused by the peculiar circumstances which always accompanied those visits. Theyweredesnedto prepare luncheon, and it any person called to see the plaintiffs wife they were always to be shown into another room. The visits continued sometimes for three or tour hours or longer, and contrary to Mrs. Clark's usual custom with other visiters of ringing the bell and having them shown out by tiie servant, the bell was never rung when Mr. Dunsford quitted, but. he let himself out. The first occasion on which any impropriety can be traced to life defia lant was the 7th of June, 1811, only four days before his own marriage. He came about eleven o'clock iu the ÙàJ; he was showu ti. st into the drawing room, in which ilie senallts were engaged, and they Were de- sited to take iuncueou into the library, and into .lie library Mrs. C It. rk 1111(1 Mr. Uunsfoni went togetn-r. It will be proved [0 yon that the blinds of the library were drawn down immediately after their entrance, and that the door \Y s locked or bolted. Beneath the library was a p.JO ■ .-a .e l the pantry, in which ail movements above and all conversations could be heaid. Excited by the curiosity produced by the circumstances whic;1 I 11,e mentioned, and not unnaturally desirous of discovering the truth of their suspicions, one of ttie emale servants got upon the dresser of the pantry, and was thus brought close to the ceiiing, which divined the rooms, and she heard most of what took place above. Snc heard the parties above move towards the sura, and she heard move- ments upon that. sola. Ithinkthatthe circumstances which she will detail, and which it is unnecessary for Ill" further particularly lo enter into, will satisiy you that tit that period, on the very eve ot the defendant's marriage, the act of his adulterous interc.mrse with the wife of tne plaintiff was consummated. Tne day will be fixed, be- yond the possibility of doubt, on the 7lil of June, 1814. Tiie defendant tour days after that was married. The family of the plaintifi were absent also after that at some watering place, and subsequently for a short time in London, and so there appears to have been a bre u-L in the guilty intercourse Oetweeu the parlies until the mont» of May, ldlj. At tiie beginning of that mouth the defen- dantcalied at the plaintiff's house for the purpose of vaccinating the youngest child. That operation, as you are probably aw ue, occupies not more than a few initiates; but the attendant remained in the house three or four hours. Eigut days after that, about three O'CIOCK III tile afternoon, the nurse was desired by Mis. Clark to take the children out tor a walK; she remonstrated as tiie weather threatened, but Mrs. Claik repeated her orders, and directed that the children should be taken to College- green, w here, if tiie rain came on, they could get shelter. About a quarter of an hyur after they were gone the defendant made his appearance at the house, and tne nurse and the children were driven homeby the rain soon after. When tiie nurse arrived at the house she was desired to bring the youngest ehiUliltc) the room, and the operation of taking some matter from the arm was j>criormed. I'he UU1'jÇ left tbe rOíJw, but iu wiw- 1 attentive listeners; they heard the defeuiaut coaipiaiui^ tiie wile of the pi.iiutiff of incautious language frbM*1. she bar! used calculated to ex -ife suspi.eon. The hear t him say to Mrs. Clark If I do love you nio^ t'nn any other woman why talk and indue? poop!'8 nu-.pfict it?" At .this time also th? library blinds •l-.aw'ii down, and another servant in the pantry heaf*" he same circ«m«tane*s as before; expressions of en- I dearment from the defj.id-iiit, and ail those circuniitarN-f9 naain occurred which can leave no doubt that the frri.iUH** act was repeated under the plaintiff's roof. these communications left n.) doubt on the tr-ina cf tbi brother of the plaintiff that a criminal intercourse h* taken place between the pairies. Ail this, howcvSp rested on the testimony of servants liable to error tii«^ suspicions required to be confirmed. Mr. Henry Cla^ was satisfied that the parties had met at some other p'atf than im'der that roof, and he exerted rdl his diligence f discover that place. A clue was giv-n by a letter whi<^ was intercepted, and which directed their attention No. 17, Norfolk-street, Bath, as the place where the'1! inquiries would be successful. They immediately wci>' there, and learnt those particulars which, I apprehend i even if the relation of the servants left any fair or reason* able chuht, must at once lead ynu to tbe conclusion thrf this guilty iititercourse has ocvnrred. It appeals tha' i about th" 16th of July, a s;entlemaa who gave his n-ntf I as Mr. Lvde, called at the house, 17, Norfolk-street, Bathi belonging to a lady of the name of Needps, but at that time in the occupation of her sister, Miss Withers..Th2 defendant—so I Khali can him, for he was tiie Mr. Ly'ia 1 —represented himself to Miss Withers as a person who hadprivatetymtrriedaladywhuwasohjectiouablet" I his friends, and that it was necessary he should meet hi» wife in secret. He expressed a wish to take the apart- ments, andsaid he hoped his wife would give him a meeting there. Miss Withers stated to him that it was necessary she should write to her sister to obtain her: consent to the letting. On the 25th of July a letter was received by Miss Withers in the hand-writing of the 1\ defendant, and signed William Lyde it bore the Swin- don poyt.-iTiark on if, and to that letter it is necessary that I draw your attention. The upper part has been cat off, owing tt) a circumstance which I will presently I mention; but the remaining portion runs thus (tiie le-tnied Cuunsel read the uote, "lieh was to the effect that circumstances had prevented the writer calling eIl Miss Withers on the day he had appointed, mi that r he should be glad to know if he could have the lodging9 on the terms stated; if so ho should want t'lstn u.xt week, and that she (the landlady) was to write to him an j answer according to the direction contained in the note) Miss Withers cut the address off which was contained iu the letter, and gave it to her nenhew for the purpose of his replying. That portion of the letter is unfor.unately lost; but the nephew will tell you that tin d r.-ction was to William Lyde, Esq British and Foreign Hotel, Hanover-square, London." Let me pause here [or one moment to detail to you the dreadful particulars under which this letter was written The father of the de- fendant had been iu the habit, when he came to town, of Uiing this hotel, in Hanover-square, ile arrived about a week before the 10th of July he was taken ill I there, and on the morning of the 2<)th he die.L On Monday, the 21st, his body was taken from tiie hoW into Wiltshire, to be there interred. I have toll you that this letter of the defendant bears the Swindon post-mark. It is apparent, then, at what a moment that letter was written. Can anything be more appalling than this cir- cumstance ? If there is any one idea more entirely cal- culated to repress all carnal and worldiy thoughts, it is the dread idea of death. If there be any affliction which can purify the passions, it will be found in the death- bed of a father, and yet with the dead body of hii father almost in his sight, the defendant was contriving the means of indulging again a licentious passion, involving the complicated guilt of a double adultery. tile letter was answered, and the answer received by the defendant he made hi3 appearance at the lodgings on the 29tit ot July. He saw I>1 iss Withers; s:1e tmquireJ of him if he had received her letter, and he stated that he bad, so that there is ao doubt it reached his hands. He imme- diately took the apartments and occupied them that night, and stated that on the following day his wife would. meet him there. On the following day not his wife but the wife of the plaintiff cam She was with him ia those apartments for the greater part of the day, and -she- left towards the evening. She cama again and met the defendant on the 3rd of August, b t'.i these occasions being before the family removed to Weston-super-Mare. Gentlemen, the movements of the plaiutiffs wife during the tima of the residence at Weston become now most important. I glial! be able to prove to you most clearly and distinctly that the wife of the plaintiff was the per- son who visited the defendant til those lodgings, and re- mained with him under circumstances, which I should be ashamed to doubt that you can hesitate in coming to the conclusion that acriminui intercourse took place between the parties. The plaintiffs wife had opportunities of being absent whilst the family was at Weston, and those opportunities she embraced. I have told you that the plaiutiff left Weston for Exeter on the 18th of August < and was absent until the 24ih. The house in Berkeley- j square had been dismantled there was only a bed left for Mr. Chirk and one for a servant. Immediately after Mr. Claik's departure for Exeter, Mrs. Clark ordered the carriage and drove to Bristol accompanied by Miss .Kate Kirk by. She slept with Miss Kirkby that nij/ht on the only bed in the house iu Berkeley-square. On the following nurning she went out early tint whethsr Miss Kirkby accompanied her it is impossible to say, but on that day, the 13sh of Augmt, when Mrs. Clark appeared at the lodgings in Bath no one accompanied her, and she met the defendant tnere, remaining with hi II the greater part of the day and not going to Berkeley-square until seven in the evening. Oil the 2ti;ii of August, Mr. Dunsford, who had been at the Hotel ia Hanove square from the 2 Jnd wrote from that house to Airs. Needes, saying "at present I intend coming to Bath to- morrow, so have my rooms in readings; perhipj I shall not be able to leave town before night and s lall iot ar- rive until half-past one in the morning, so I must put you to the trouble ot letting one of your ser.an.s se.v uo ■ >•' me." The defendant Dunsford, under the name of Lyde, came carlyon the Tuesday morning. M s. Chirk, who had left Weston-super-M ire the day before and slept in Berkeley-square, appeared at the lodgings again on that day, and again remained with the defeudant 'through- out the day. All these circumstances taken together can leave no doubt on your minds that we shall have estab- lished conclusively the fact of a guilty intercourse between the parties. Hut if there should be, any lingering par- ticle of doubt yet remaining, it will be entirely removed by the statement of the defendant himself, who, as it ap- pears to me, has most clearly and unequivocally admitted his guilt. Of course, gentlemen, it was important after all these circumstances hid been collected by Mr llenry Ciarkthattheparliesahouidbaidentined. Accordingly a person of the name of Hall, a police-officer at Bath, was employed to bring Mrs. Needes to Bristol, and to give her an opportunity of seeing Mr. Dunsford and the piaintiff's wife, for the purpose of ascertaining if they were the parties who had met at her lodgings. On the 24th of September she saw Mr. Dunsford at llis own house she said to him, Oh, sir, what a scene of misery have I just witnessed, and what dreadful trouble you have brought us all into," The defendant made no answer. The officer who had introduced Mrs. Needes had given him warning of her coming he had told him that he ha i brought the parties over to identify him as the person who had taken the lodgings in the name of Lyde. The defendant appeared confused, and said,— What is done cannot be undone." He said also that the proceedings were vindictive (he had been at that time served with a Writ) he said the proceedings were vindictive, and if the parties went on he should de- fend himself, and it would be shown that he was not so mnchtobtameastheothcr. Mr. Henry Clark ii id not, until now, seen the defendant since the discovery u.nil this very 21th day of September, and after the i tentin- cation by Mrs. Needes, and the conversation witn Hall. Air. Clark then spoke to the defendant in strong and feeling language; Mr. Dunsford repiied tliTt the scene of Joseph and lJotiphar's wife had been acted over again to the very lite and he then proceeded to blacken thecharacter of the unhappy woman, whom his crime has reduced to the lowest state of degradation and miserv. ile sai t "you do not know what a fiend she is, a thousand times have I had it on my tongue to tell all, but I l est rained myself." M r" Clark begged him to say nothing to criminate himself, on which he said, in a combined tone of levity and vulgarity, I shall defend tile ¡tecion, and if it goes against me I wiil sell all' my traps and be off." Aftcr making a powerful appeal to the jury the learned gentleman sat down, and witnesses were examine i in. support of his opening statement, which was fully sup- ported by the evidence. The court rose at four o'ctoek. WEDNESDAY.—The case was proceeded with this day. After several witnesses were examined, who meieiy con- linncd the opening of the Attorney-General, Sir Tnomis Wilde addressed the jury in reply. Mr. Justice Ciesweil, in summing up, said the charge rested on circaaislautial evidence, ami the jury were not to take the facts singly, bu the wnole together, and see whether they led to a conclusion one way or the other. The evidence ad luce A was of three portions first, of the acts done at Bristol; secondly, at Bath and thirdly, tiie conversations of the defendant himself. l'he jury, after about 20 minutes' deliberation, returned a verdict for the pia..uiff, wita Fi-;e Thousand rounds Damages.

SALES BY SAMPLE. It is a perfectly weil recognised principle of la w, that wherever sales are m -de by samples, ths vendee' may return the goods if they turn out inferior to the sample, provided he do SJ at once,and without unnecessary deiay. Tne huyer has a right also to inspect tiie bulk, a-i.l may les^ind the contract upon reiusal io show it. But it has been also decided t.iat w lerover the vendee treats the gjo is as his own, even wuhoui knowledge of their lufe- rionty, he can nj longer vacate the contract. And this is especially the case where the vendee resells or attempts toresett the goods (see Parker «/. Paimer, -1 15 it Aid. u u°r t'1'9 assliUiing tire o.vtiers.up, and the ruie is, that the purchaser may rescind the contract only where he has done no more tiiaa was consistent with the purpose of examination andcomparison. If he exercises domin- ion over them by selling or parting with the gvods ta anotner, this being inconsistent wuii the purposes ot triak, it deprives tiie vendee of ail power to resist an action I the price of the goods, and this is equally the ease wi»ere itaere has been an express warranty. (See Siioet v. B. & Aid. 4o0.) ■Now this is a very common case. Immense quantities; of tiie goods sold by sample are thus resold on Uo faith of the sample, and the question has often arisen a lien tne? iuiiwrity of the bulk is detected, What is the t'taedy t-