The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette

THE PROGRESS OF THE SEASONS. The sun shone bright, and all was gay, In love's delightful month of May A little child was out at play, She had obtained a holidia)- It is the Spring, The fruit was hanging on the trees, Thus ripened in the southern breeze; That child had now become a man, His face was anxious, pale, and wan- The Summer's come. The leaves were failing from the woods, And laying in the dusty roads; I saw that man—but saw his hair Was blanched by age and white with care- 'Twas Autumn then. The frozen snow was on the ground, No fruit, no flower could be found An old man then was on the heath, His lips were moist with dews of death- 'Twas Winter there. Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter, when Will your sad story teach to men How short is each successive stage? Our infancy, youth, manhood, age How quickly gone!

To the Edito-) of the Cardiff and Mertkyr Guardian. 1VANTON EXHUMATIONS OF THE DEAD. SIR,-Admiring the general high moral character of the Hnglisb newspaper press, perhaps not less than yourself whose position enables you to exhibit an example weekly of that character, I venture to ask your insertion of this letter. 1 wish to simply state what my friends, as well as I, consider a derogation from that high standard in the conduct of your Brecon contemporary, the Silurian. I do not even solicit your sentiments on the case, but submit it to the moral sense of your readers, for them to say if it exhibits fair play"—" an open stage and no favour," or the contrary. You are aware, Sir, that recently a body was dug np near Brecon, on some trumped up village slander against the medical officer who attended the deceased pauper-an inquest holden, and a STUPID verdict (not to say more) returned, condemning that officer, (Mr. Batt, who is also coroner.) You are also cognisant of the fact, that a higher tribunal has declared that verdict unjust by reversing it-by finding a con- trary one-by honourably acquitting the falsely-accused gentleman. Prior to this vindication of his conduct, I, quite nnknown to him, published a letter, indignantlv reprobating called for exhumations, and incidentally defending the prac- titioner vietimieed, but attacking no one-condemning nothing tut the verdict, which was open to public animadversion surely. That letter appeared first in the Welshman, and after- wards in the Hereford Journal and the Silurian. This letter, thus wholly without personality, given with my name, elicited two grossly personal answers in the latter paper-one saying that I reasoned ill, that I had private motives, &c.; the other charging me with pitiful malignity," and much very com- plimentary matter more-both writers wri ing anonymout/y. My best answer to both is found in the now published deci- sion ot the Poor Law Commissioners, tacitly inculpating the jury, exculpating the officer, and on the identical grounds I had taken in his defence. As my attack on the jury's finding was thus highly sanctioned, and other attack there was none, not an individual named or pointed at, all readers must per- ceive that these answers were the firit attacks-the writers the only assailants-who paraded the name of Mr. Batt and my own very freely at length. Now, Sir, what I submit to the public is this question-" Ought not the tame arena (the Silurian's pretty little amphitheatre) to have been vouchsafed to the assailed as was thrown open to the assailants ?" It was closed against him. "19 answer was refused admittance except as an advertisement! according to tslablithed usage of the preM" quoth Mr. Editor. I beg his pardon but knowing some little of matters connected with the press, I tell him it is not the usage (none unless ill-usage) to publish long persona vituperations in successive numbsrs of a newspaper, without! a real name, and then refuse to publish the assailed person's defence, even with his name. Not only is it not usage, it is not justice or decency the common sense of the meanest in- tellect revolts against it. Englishmen are said to love fair play." He may be assured that they will not the less l ive, aye, and demand it too, in the newspaper press. The Editor seems to assert that the an^ry writers under his wing pay for their privilege of attack. ,I I am paid for permitting abuse of yeti, so yon shall also pay me again for permission to clear yourself This is the long and short of the no-ice to cor- respondents:" of its justice let your readers judge. Whether any one paid the Silurian for inserting my original letter is quite beside the question; it so, however, he had less to grudge room for my defensive one. To set the Silurian an example of "fair play," I will here add that I was the more surprised at this unprecedented one-tided/iess in a public print from having very often remarked, and always declared my opinion when others were severe on the insignificant character ot the Silurian, that its leaders" often evince very consider- able ability fas tist ab hoste doceri. You know me for a rank Torv." The American newspaper press is at the lowest stage of VENAL corruption, selling its pages to the highest bidder for the purposes of moral assassination—the filching" of ano- ther's 4' good name." ho can bear the least approach to this zero, and below zero point, in the press of England ? 1 ¡:nJ, Sir, yours, &c., JOSEPH DOW XLS, M.D. B» » I I—

THE CHURCH OF RO)IE. As all the wodd is anxious to know as much as possi hie about Romanism, we now lay before our readers an abstract or analysis of the Creed of Pope Pius IV. We have distinguished each article of faith which is contained in the Roman treed, and is protested against by the Church of England, by a separate number; that 'e the reader may refer to the particular clause in the creed itself in which that doctrine is asserted— ABSTRACT OR ANALYSIS OF POPE PIeS IV. CURED. 1. The traditions of the Church are of equal authority with the llol, Scriptures. 2. The interpretation, which the Roman Church puts upon the Holy Scriptures, is of higher obligation than the Scriptures themselves. 3. There are five other sacrament* instituted by Christ, and necessary to salvation, besides those two which are recorded as xueh in Holy Scripture. L Holy men have merits, available to justification. .">. Masses are propitiatory sacrifices for sin. ti. The bread and wine in the Holy Communion are no longer bread and wine after they have been consecrated, but that which was bread and wine before it was consecrated, is God, after it hail besa consecrated. V, It is not necessary to partake of the cup in the Holy Com- munion, and lay people ought to be refused it. H. There is a place (calledpurgatory by the Church of Rome), in "hich (he souls of the dead may be purged from their defile- ments, by sufferings, or by the suffrages of the faithful, or by other means. 9. Prayers ought to be addressed to holy men and women After they have departed this life-(e.g. to the Virgin Mary, Deliver us from ail 10. The bones and garments, &c., which belonged to holy men departed this life, ought to be venerated, «. e. worshipped- (e. 9 the holy coat at Treves, holy coat pray for us.") 1 I. Images ought to be venerated, i.e., worshipped-Ceo g., 0 cross, save this present multitude.") 12. Jesus Chri:,t gave the Pope power to grant indulgences— i. e., to shorten the period of suffering in that place called l'ur- gatory. 13. The Church of Rome is the mother and mistress of all other Churches j and the Bishop of Rome, i. e., the l'opr, is appointed Christ's Vicar; and is authorised to act on Christ's behalf, as the head of the Church on earth, during the absence of Christ himself iu heaven. 14. Everything contained in the "Acred canons 'of genera councils Bust be received, and everythiug contrary to them mus be rej cted. Ij. No one, who does not sincerely hold the creed in which these articles are contained, can lie saved i. e., all, except BoBunists, must be damned. THS CHBBS or POPE IV., OR THIS ROMAN CUBED. 1, I most steadfastly admit and embrace apostolical and ecclesiastical traditions, and all other observances and constitu- tions of the same Church. I also admit the Holy Scriptures according to that sense which our holy Ecthsr the Church has heid and does hold, to whom it belongs to judge of the true sense and interpretation of the £ cri;>fcrse: neither will I ever tak" and interpret them cthermsa ihssk according to the unanimous consent of the F&iheiw. .'i, I also profH8 that there are truly and properly seven sa- cridesig of the new law instituted by Jesus Christ our Lord, and necessary for the salvation of mankind, though not all for every one: to wit, baptism, confirmation, eucharist, penance, tzireme auction, orders, and matrimony, and that they confer grace and Shat of these, baptism, confirmation, and orders can- not be relt.Led without sacrilege, 1 also receive and admit the re€eived and approved ceremonies of the Catholic Church used ia the soiexan administration of all the aforesaid sacraments. i. 1 eiiifeyasc and receive all and every one of the things which have been denned and declared in the holy Council of Trent concerting original sin and justification. 5. I prcSMS, iikewiae, that in the mass there is a true, proper, and propitiatory sacrifice for the living end the dead. 6* And that in the most holy sacrament of the eucbarist there ia truly, really, and substantially, the body and blood, together with the soul and divinity of our I.ord Jesus Christ; and that there is made a conversion of the whole sabttance of ih. bread into the body, and of the whole substance of the wice ir.to ihe blood, which conversion the Catholic Church calls Ti an»ub*tanti*tion. 7. 1 also confess that under either kind alone Christ is received whole and entire, and a true sacrament. 8. I constantly hold that there is a purgatory, and that the s.rili therein detained are helped by the suffrages of the faithful. 9. Likewise that the saints reigning together.with Christ are to be honoured and iuvocated, and that the.y offer prayers to God for us. 11- |0. And that their relics are to be had in veneration. 11. J most firmly assert that the images of Christ, of the Mother of God ever virgin, and a:so of the other saints, ought to he had and retained, and that due honour and veneration is to be given to them. 12. 1 also affirm that the power of indulgences was left by Christ in the Charch, and that the use af them is most whole- some to Christian people. IS. 1 acknowledge the Holy Catholic Apostolic Roman Cbarcb for the mother and mistress of all Churches; and J promise true obedience to the Bishop of Koine, successor to St. Peter, Prince of the Apostles, and Vicar of Jesus Christ. 14. I likewise undoubtedly receive and profess all other things delivered, defined, and declared by the sacred canons and general councils, and particularly by the holy Council of Trent. And I condemn, reject, and anathematise all thing* Contrary thereto, and all heresies which the Church h as con- I deWed, rejected, and anathematised. I*. I, N.N., do at this present freely profess and sincerely hold this true Catholic faith, w.thout which no one can be saved and i "promise rno-t constantly to retain and coufess the same entire and mviolate till my life's end. It cannot but excite our wonaer that thirty educated men shouid hare left the Church of England, to embrace Vnch a creed as this, when it is evident that a mere child Who has but learned to read his Bible can point out the lies, the idolatry, and the blasphemy which are asserted In it. We may wonder, and be amazed, at the apostacy of thew men; but the character of the Church of Rome is ¥tt in the slightest degree altered by their joining it. he men may suffer, but the Church of Iiome will flot 11, btMefM.w. 11.#. A

$Ottt}jU SnMltgenre* FRANCE.—With the Paris journals of Saturday we have received private correspondence relative to Algiers and Morocco of a very interesting character. A (^respondent, :—" There raoears ia^h»Debats of,tils morniaig"!ai '?carefuly;,coafiffcte(i'article, the object of which is olily fu l-F revealed by-the intro- duction at tlie close of a letter from Constantine, announcing that the .insurtection has gained that hitherto tranquil province. To announce to the public that the whole of Algeria was now enyeloped in the name which for a moment-seemed fbnnned to the Morocco frontier, would have been startling indeed. The writer therefore leads the reader tenderly through the mazes of an infinity of petty dangers which required only time and attention to subdue, and then he points to one little infected spot in Con- stantine, which he assures the attentive listener is only one degree or so above nothing at all. The true state of the case (continues our correspondent) is of extreme gravity. Several tribes, stimulated by able and influential chiefs, are in revolt, and so serious is the movement that Marshal Bugeaud has felt himself obliged to change his whole plan of action. Instead of proceeding into the interior, chastising the rebels against French authority on his way, with the view of finally seeking Abd-el-Kader in Morocco, the Mar- shal is now retiring towards the sea-coast, lest his rear should be cut off. In the province of Oran the insurrection is gaining ground every day, and Gene- ral de Lamoriciere has demanded additional reinforce- j ments, especially in cavalry, the want of which he feels sorely. In a word, the intended expedition against Morocco is for the present abandoned, the state of Algeria being such as to demand the whole of the forces assembled in that country." The National and the Presse publish rival reports of an interview between the editors of both papers touching a challenge. A Monsieur Denuneques, who fought M. de Girardin, of the Presse, once before, presented himself at the latter with a list of six fighting editors of the National, with a request to take his choice, but M. de Girardin politely bowed out the representative of such an aggregate meeting of fire-eaters. A Brest letter represents that port fnll of activity, orders hav- ing been received to prepare for sea three gun brigs believed to be destined for La Plata. A battalion of marines and two companies of artillery are also about to be embarked: in the frigates Syrene, Proserpine, Caravane, Isere, and Loire, to the Antilles, the gaITi- sons of which they are to reinforce. The ships of the Senegal squadron are waiting only for fine weather to take their departure. The Phoque had returned con- siderably damaged by the weather that she had en- countered. The repairs of the Caiman are nearly finished, and the Jupiter, Captain Lugeol, of 80 guns, is being fitted for sea. We read in the AJchbar of the 13th:—" Abd-el- Kader displays an unexampled activity. His emissa- ries and couriers are on all the roads, some spreading false news, the others carrying letters to keep up the zeal ot the secret partizans of the insurrection, or to gain new ones. But such missions are dangerous, and they who undertake them expose themselves to all the severity of the laws against spies. Abd-el- Rahmen Ben Nekrouf found out this to his cost. He was convicted of having taken two letters from the Emir, one to Sid Humel Ben Sekal, Caid of Ain-el- Hont, and the other to Hadji Ben Ali, Captain of the Native Militia. He was hanged on Oct. 11, on the Place de Mechouor, at Tlemcen, in presence of the natives who had come in with their goods to market, and on whom this severity will no doubt produce some effect." The Paris papers of Sunday confirm the accounts as to the state of the insurrection in Algeria which appear above. While Abd-el-Kader leisurely pursues his project of founding an independent state in Mo- rocco with the tribes who have flocked to him from Algeria, to whom he is portioning out lands and set- tlements, a new chief of prodigious courage, skill, and enterprise, Bou Maza, and who would stèm to be gifted with ubiquity, has, according to the confession of the cautious Debats, completely deranged the com- binations of Marshal Bugeaud. "Orleaiisville," says the Journal des Debats, in itself a province, is com- posed of two grand ranges of mountain, which are divided by the valley of the Cheliff, and the whole district is more than ever a prey to the enterprising Bou Maza. Accompanied by 300 men only, he flies from point to point, wherever an undefended opening presents itself, harassing his opponents and propaga- ting the insurrection. We saw him lately burn the property of the Khalifat Laribi, carry on his ravages to the walls of Mostaganem, besiege Tenez, menace Milianah, and now he is blockading Orleansville." Such was the state of things before the revolt of Con- stantirie was known, and to meet that state Colonel St. Arnaud was operating against the Flittas, while General Bourgolly and Marshal Bugeaud were in the mountains of the Onareuseris. General Bedeau had marched from Medeah to operate between Milianah and Orleansville, and the Marshal was to have kept upon the left-side of the Cheliff, to cut off Bou Maza on his attempting to return. Generals Coman, Marcy, and Arbouville were to support the intended opera- tions, the latter to march to Hamza to receive the lieutenant-general, whom he was to escort to Con- stantine. Such was the plan conceived with the object of cutting on** the dangerous lieutenant of Abd-el-Kader, when lo! the province of Constantine is itself in revolt, and General Bedeau with General Arbouville are obliged to fall back upon the new scene of danger. It is hardly necessary to say that the Paris opposition papers lay the whole blame upon Marshal Bugeaud's want of foresight and talent. In the meantime the Pacha of Zetouan, Sidi-Hadji-el- Hehad, appointed ambassador from the Emperor of Morocco to the King of the French, is about to set out, accompanied by M. Roche, principal interpreter of the army of Africa. The ambassador will stop at every port from Ghazaout to Algiers to receive visits of ceremony, and show the natives that there is no alliance whatever between the Emperor and Abd-el- Kader. The journal La Presse has an article upon the O'Connell collection, which it describes to be revolting. POLAND.—DISCOVERY OF A CONSPIRACY IX POSEN.—FORTY TO FIFTY PERSONS ARRESTED. —Letters from the Polish frontier, of Nov. 11, bring detailed accounts of the occurrence in question, 'i he following are the chief particulars :—" A secret poli- tical association has been discovered in Posen, which is, to all appearances, a continuation of the conspiracy of last February, of which the government was at that time unable to discover the ringleaders. The instiga- tors of all these secret manoeuvres are most probably to be found in Poland and Paris, where the restora- tion of Polish independence is not yet despaired of; and the idea employed as a never-failing engine for stirring up the exciteable spirits of the unhappy Poles. The insurrection on this occasion was intended to explode in the Grand Duchy of Posen, in which all the Poles were expected to take part. The first act was to be the seizure of the powder magazine, to which it is said false keys had already been procured, through one of the conspirators, a locksmith, aided by a military person, who had given him access to examine the locks. The public treasury was next to be got possession of, and then the signal to be giveu for a general rising of the people, to arm whom the public depots were to be seized upon, and in case these did not suffice, pikes, scythes, and other similar weapons are declared to have been in readiness in seve- ral villages. This last circumstance leads to the con- clusion that the intended moment of revolt was close at hand, otherwise such collections of weapons would have been most imprudently dangerous as involving almost certain detection. It is not yet known how, or by whom, the conspiracy was discovered; one thing only is certain, that from 40 to 50 persons have already been arrested, of whom the few who belong to a higher class of society, are all foreigners, which confims the conjecture, that neither the source of the coGspiiacy, nor its leaders, are to be found within the Russian bounds. Among the natives of Posen who are implicated in the affair, are specially named the locksmith above alluded to (in whose loft seven per- sons were found concealed), a baker, several non- commissioned officers, a wine.merchant, &c. &c. A domiciliary search, which was yesterday set on foot by the police, produced no discovery." EGYPT.—By a letter from Alexandria we learn that, in consequence of warm remonstrances against the Pacha's ordonnance prohibiting an exportation of corn from Egypt, the European consuls have deli- vered a note to the Viceroy's Government, demanding either a reimbursement to the merchants of the full amount of the sums they had paid for corn previously to this decree, or that they might be allowed to export what they had actually purchased. UNITED STATES.—By the arrival of the Great Western from New York at Liverpool, Friday morning, we have advices from America of con- siderable importance, less as it regards the facts they convey than the infeiences to be deduced from them. The Wishington Union, a journal which is said to be in the confidence of Mr. POLK, does not scruple to affirm that the next PRESIDENT'S Message will lay claim, in terms the most distinct and imperative, to all that portion of the Oregon which lies between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean from latitude 42 to 54 degrees, including a territory of some 400,000 square milew; and intimates, in the broadest terms, that the American Government wd consent to nothing short of its unconditional surrender. This announce- ment is looked upon in America as a demi-official declaration of the intentions of Congress upon this vital question, which is to claim and insist on its right to tli3 disputed territory, refu&ing all overtures-jpf. arbitration, vi et annis. The Message," says tne .Ne,'1) York Tribune, a journal uniformly advocating the principles of peace, "will insist on our right to the whole region bounded by Mexico (Upper Califor- nia) quelle, south, aud Russian America Qp the north.k'.ahe Tribune] goes on to ma^ t^ie following remarks on the assumed demand of Mr' Polk:— It'js our lititionalhiisfortune to, hava it tllis crisis a President too. weak to recede from a. false position, how- ever horrible the consequences of persisting in it. We took, therefore, for international trouble and difficulty, for deep-seated irritation and expensive armaments, for a paralysis of industry and revulsion in business, as not far distant,, if Mr. Polk, in bis forthcoming message, takes such stand with regard to Oregon as is now foreshadowed by his intimate counsellors, and is sustained in it with anything more than words by Congress. The actual commencement of hostilities must be more distant—we hope, far less probable-but the downward road is pro- verbially an easy one, and if the two nations once begin bullying, presuming on the forbearance of each other, who shall ensure a peaceful end of it?" There is much good sense in this warning, but we trust and believe that it is in reality uncalled for. We regard the announcement of Mr. Polk's organ (if such it be) as a mere brutum fulmen, destined only to feel the pulse of John Bull. We should have con- ceived, however, after the speeches of Sir R. Peel and Lord Aberdeen, when the matter was last broached, that Mr. Polk would have considered any further trial of our passive endurance wholly unnecessary. If we could believe that so monstrous a proposition was likely to be made by the American Government we should be disposed to regard it, as we hope it would be treated, as a virtual declaration of war against this country. INDIA.-The Morning Herald's extraordinary ex- press in anticipation of the Overland Mail from Calcutta reached London Friday afternoon, bringing advices from that presidency of the 8th October; from Bombay of the 15th; from Delhi of the 1st of October; and from Alexandria 7th of November. The news brought by this conveyance is of consider- able interest. Fresh disturbances had arisen in the Punjaub, in the course of which Juwahir Singh, the favoured Wuzeer, was murdered by the troops, in revenge for the death of Peshora Singh, whose assas- sination he is supposed to have instigated. The direction of the affairs of the Government remained virtually, in the hands of the Ranee, or Queen Mother; but the majority of the soldiery seemed determined that Goolab Singh, whose presence they had invited, should succeed him as Wuzeer. The young Maharajah Dhuleep Singh continued nominally to occupy the throne, although his military subjects appeared to be well inclined to depose him in favour of a son of Shere Singh. Should the Governor General think proper to interfere the result cannot be doubtful. The news from Scinde is wholly unim- portant. A civil war was looked for in Burmah. The letter of a Calcutta correspondent adds little to our stock of information from that presidency. The Governor-General left that city on the 20th Septem- ber. There appears to be no intelligence from China worthy of comment. The troops were on the whole healthy, The complaints against Sir John Davis appear to be unfounded. NEW ZEALAND.—Accounts of fresh disasters in the Northern extremity of New Zealand have been received, by way of Sydney and Calcutta. The nar- rative is imperfect, especially in not connecting the present occurrences with the past; but of the main incidents, which W3 put in a condensed form, there appears to be no doubt, as the military despatches are quoted. Colonel Despard, at the head of four hundred and ninety men, principally soldiers, with some sailors and Militia volunteers, invested the fortified pah occupied by John Heki, near the Bay of Islands, on the 1st of July. Field-pieces had been brought from Auckland; but the carriages were so ill-constructed that the guns were upset by their own firing, and a heavy gun was brought over from the war-ship Hazard. From that the fire on the pah was opened at ten o'clock in the morning. While the attention of everybody Was occupied in observing its effects," says Colonel Despard, a sudden attack was made from a thick wool, by Heki's people, and a party of friendly Natives were driven back from the gun. The position, however, was regained. At three o'clock, a party was sent forward to storm the pah." Colonel Despard's order to take hatchets, axes, and ropes, to pull down the double stockade round the pah, was neglected: the storming band partially succeeded in opening the outer one. but the inward one resisted all their efforts; and being lined with men firing through loopholes on a level with the ground, and from others half-way up, our men were falling so fast, that. notwithstanding the most daring acts of bravery and the greatest perse- verance, they were obliged to retire. This could not be effected without additional loss in the endeavour to bring off the wounded men; in which they were generally successful." The total loss to the British was thirty-six killed and sixty-eight wounded, several mortally. Among the killed were, Lieutenant Phil- potts, of the Hazard, and Captain Grant, of the Fifty-eighth Regiment. Four officers were wounded and Lieutenant Beatty, of the Ninety-ninth Regi- ment, died of his wounds. In a letter written at the camp, on the 12th July, the writer says that the troops found a way to convey heavy guns from the Hazard to the top of a hill, so as to command the pah which was evacuated in the night. The date of this day and night is not mentioned but there is much doubt whether this is the same, or "another pah," near Waitemate, the seizure and destruction of which are allud2d to in another private letter.

Oetieral ;f$ltscdiamn -r- By a Post-office no, ice, signed by the assistant secre- tary, it ippeais that "newsvendersaro allowed to have their names and addresses printed on the covers of newa- papeis, but they are not permitted to write them." It is stated that a subscription is opened among" Anglo- Catholics" and others, to enable Air. Newman to repay the proceeds of his Fellowship and living for the last ten years, as he is reported to be troubled at the reflection that he was holding these while, in fact, he was not a member of the Established Church. It is said that the man is alive, or was three years a"o who remembered the first, bale of cotton imported into Liverpool from the United States. Now £ 15,000,000 are annually embarked in that trade.-Liverpool Albion. We are assured that in the whole town of Derby there are at the present time only two uninhabited houses. Derby Mercury. The greatest winner by horse-racing this year is Lord George Bentinck he has won fifty-eight races, with twenty five horses, netting a sum of £ 17,:372, besides a cup. The Oregon is the name given to a steatif-boat recently launched at New York, which is 10 feet longer than the Great Britain. She is about to be placed on the New YorkandProvidenee station. A few days since the servant at Ynyscreigog, a farm belonging to the Rev. Lewis Davies, in the upper part of Cardiganshire, went to the turnip-field, and a hare sud- denly started as if from under his feet. Upon examina- tioii-it turned out that puss had selected a large turnip, and had carefully scooped out i's inside, having taken possession of it for her winter residence. THE GREAT BRITAIN. — We have already mentioned that the Great Britain was delayed on her voyage by an accident to the machinery: the facts are narrated in a succinct statement by the cabin passengers, the list of signatures to which includes some naval and military officers and other experienced voyagers.—"The Great Britain left New York on the 28th ultimo, with every prospect of making a good passage. It is true that on her outward trip she met with an accident to her pro- peller, which rendered important repairs necessary before leaving on her return to Liverpool; and these were done in a manner which was hoped to be efficient and substan- tial. Scarcely, however, had she been at sea forty-eight hours, when an accident occurred similar to that which befel her on the previous passage—the los-s of one of the arms of the propeller. Again, and when but a few days longer at sea, two more of the arms of the propeller were carried away; and the ship was now so far disabled that her commander deemed it prudent to discontinue the use of the engines, and to depend entirely for the remainder of the passage on the good qualities of his ship as a sailing-vessel. Favourable weather soon gave us the opportunity of testing her ability in this character and, from what we then experienced, we have no hesita- tion in saying that, in our opinion, her ability as a sailing-vessel is not inferior to any ship afloat. We overtook several vessels at sea sailing the same course, all of which we passed. This fact we deem as the best evi- dence of her qualities as a sailing ship. On the 10th instant, we experienced a very heavy gale from the North-west, which continued for nearly twenty-four hours and we then had an excellent opportunity of judging of her strength and ability as a sea-boat. Far from encouraging any of the ill-founded prejudices against the Great Britain, she, on this occasion, strength- ened our confidence, and won the admiration of all on board. Those of us who have experienced severe weather outhe Atlantic cannot refrain from expressing the opinion of the superiority of the Great Britain in a heavy gale and we venture to predict, that if she should ever en- counter worse weather than she has already, she will sustain her character as one of the ablest triumphs of modern naval architecture." The Bath Journal" asserts that Government con- template a measure which looks like the establishment of a kind of Landwehr in this country "A plan, we hear, is under consideration by the Government, which, if carried into effect, will be likely to produce a constant supply of good soldiers to fill up the vacancies that are constantly occurring in the army. The militia are to have a most eiffcient staff in each county; one-third of the man) body of the militia to be embodied for three years' exercise, at the same time allowing the men to volunteer to the line, with certain regulations to subaltern officers to extend their services also. This will put a stop to the demoralising scenes that are witnessed in all public- hewfes tc catch 9, revruit.^ SpiWuln-ilt Gowf.—An iawlligentpractical farmer sug ■ srosts-'tfe propriety of Sprouting corn,-as the maltsters do, previous to sowing, which secures it, against rot, decay, or f&ilure ;'and also precipitates the growth. The pro- cess of sprouting will enable those who sow spring corn now to have their crops ripe in the latter end of June. EXTEKRI OF THB ATLANTIC.—So vast is the Atlantic Ocean, that it has betinjsaid that all the ships in the world might be so' dispersed over it that no one should see another. Neither the Great Britain nor the Great Western will cross the Atlantic this season again, and the Halifax boats will run only once a month during the winter.- Liverpool Journal. SAXON REVENGE.—" England's weakness," says Mr. O'Connell, is Ireland's opportunity." We would reverse the maxim. Ireland's weakness is the opportunity of England; and we hope that England will take it—to help her. When her potatoes are gone let us give her bread. But let us take especial care that it shall be, literally, bread. Let us relieve her in kind but not trust her with a penny of cash at least, whilst her agitator keeps a begging-box.-Punch. THE PROTECTIVE SYSTEM V. "FREB TUADE."—We have frequently pointed to the actual condition of Eng- land, her actual wealth, power, commerce, colonies, and asked by what means all this had been accomplished 1 The answer to which our question led iras-not by free trade, but by its direct reverse-a system of protective duties. Then we have further inquired, what reason we had to suppose that we should better our situation by abandoning the policy which had made us what we are < An answer to this question we have never received, and never shall. But we have had torrents of declamation, founded upon those gratuitous assumptions which are all that is necessary to prove any thing, even that the moon is made of green cheese. A correspondent of the Times, taking the same ground, states the argument in the fol- lowing striking manner :— Let any unprejudiced man cast his eye over the forest of masts in the Thames icl him trace the course of that river from London bridge to the British Channel, and mark well what it bears on its bosom let him contrast it with any other river in Europe, ay, or in the world, and imagine, if he can, the untold wealth and unbounded commerce to which the Thames alone bears witness, and then let him ask himself the question if, in this favoured country, commerce is not free ? I f he be not satisfied, let liiai chango the scene let him stand on the shores of Glamorgan, Monmouth. <>r of Somerset, and watch the merchantmen as they walk the waters" of the Channel through a long and intricate pilotage to the mouth of the river Severn let him thence to the Mersey, and mark the tide of wealth and trade which, in less than a century, has raised Liverpool to its eminence, and now bids fair to raise a rival to Liverpool; and, if that is not sufficient, let him go upon 'Change at these places, and in this huge metropolis; let him see also the vast storehouses, the multitude of banking establishments', in a word, the whole system of British com- merce, and ilie priucelv residence of its leaders let him con trast ali thii with the system of any other countty that ever existed let him bear in mind that all this aiose our of a sys- tem protective, a" well of agriculture -is of commerce, and then let him ask himself if, with all this wealth, prosperity, and trade, commerce is not free? You have reached, under a pro- tective system, a poiu: of wealth, magnificence, and power to which you would never have attained without it. You arc now progressing at a rate which leaves your former progress in the distance. You may yet, under your present system, go higher, and you will go much higher if you retain it; and wili any rational man contend, in the face of these simple, though wonderful facts—will any mancontcnd that commerce is not free ? I deny the proposition. I say that commerce is free, and that the measures of the League would enslave it. Why, then, refuse protection to agriculture? Why, from the height of your splendour and magnificence, overlook, nay, destroy that, the very chance of a partial natural failure of which yon all regard with consternation and with horror ? It is thoushr, I know, that the Corn Laws restrict commerce. Look wider and deeper than such a mere assertion. The re straint of the merchant is one thing; the restraint of com- merce is another. There is a pith in these facts, which all the noisy, shal- low. self-conceited gabble of the League and the free- traders cannot pick out, let them chatter till doomsday.— John Bull. The Univers" states that some masons, in demolish- ing a house in the Rue St. Nicholas d'Antil, discovered niue human skeletons. It was the opinion of the pro- fessional men who have inspected those remains, that the remotest crime (for the skeletons were those of murdered persons, no doubt) must have been committed fifteen years since, and the most recent fifteen months ago. The person who inhabited the house, which has for many years been known as a house of bad fame, has'been arrested. VERY LIKE A WHALE!—An Antwerp paper relates the following story:—Some days ago an Antwerp journal had dispatched to Brussels one of its reporters with a basket containing two carrier pigeons, in order to send the King's speech back to Antwerp by express. The first care of our reporter was to repair to the Cafe de l'Europe, where he gave his basket of pigeons to the care of the waiter, called for breakfast, and began to peruse the morning papers. At length they brought him a de- licious fricassee, which he swallowed with great gust, having been compelled to wait a very decent time. Breakfast over, our traveller called for the bill and paid his scot. He then took up his cane, and called for his pigeons. At these words the waiter was aghast and turned as pale as a spectre. Pressed to answer, he stam- mered out-" Oh, sir, you have just eaten them I thought you had given me the birds to cook but if you wish to have any more, the cook has just come from the market with some." Our reporter was petrified. THE FAMINE PAslC.-The Radical newspapers, and the League and free trade journals, aided by the renegade Times,-whose waning influence is brought to back up a morbid craving for excitement,—have been endeavouring for some weeks past to force a repeal of the corn laws by simultaneous a.i.f reiterated reports of threatened famine. All, however, will not do—the potato alarm, though the nearest approach to truth, is a gross exaggeration while the reports as to the suppi;es qJ- COM can only be characterised as fabrications. Our markets are amply supplied, and prices are on the decline, as the demand for seed-wheat is drawing to a close.Exeter Gazette. LARGE STEAMERS. 1 hose who are fond of witnessing the triumphs of steam and naval architecture may enjoy a great treat by visiting the Coburg Dock (Liverpool), where will be found hing the following splendid eollec- tion of sea-going steamers—a sight which we make bold to say cannot be surpassed by any commercial port in the world :-The Great Britain, the IIibernia, the Great Western, the Acadia, the Inflexible (steam frigate), and a large steam troop s'ltp. The Caledonia, now on her homeward passage, will be added to these in a few days. The Britannia is on the other side of the Atlantic, and the Cambria is on her outward voyage.—Liverpool Mail. BOSTON RAILWAYS. MUNICIPAL Corporations are doing, at last, what a tew years ago it would have been thought infra dig. to have attempted. They find that railways will come within their locality, and they are taking measures to turn this to account. The Corporation of Boston have formally resolved, tint" in consequence of several Railway Companies having given notice of their intention to have their stations and shipping quays for Boston out of the town, whereby the trade would b' seriously inconvenienced, as well as the property in the to-va greatly depreciated In value this Council feels called upon to protect the inhabitallts as much as possible ag.inst such injuries; and are, tiierefore, resolved to oppose in Parliament all such Companies as shall deter- mine on having their stations out of the only Company which will actually run into Boston, (its terminus being at Doughty Quay, in the heart of the town), is the Boston) Grantham, Leicester, and Midland Counties Junction Railway Compuny, which goes to Par- liament next session. To THE HLWIANE. HARD CASE.—The present appeal to the kind-hearted public is made by the friends of a decayed gentleman, who has geea better days. The applicant, Mr. Dan, was formerly in affluent circum- stances, but was unfortunately induced to connect him- self with a speculation called Repeal the utter failure of which has brought him into his present difficulties. Mr. D. has lately been deriving a precarious subsistence from an income of only twenty thousand pounds a year! chiefly given by the poorest of the Irish peasantry but the failure of the potato crop will lessen even this small pittance. The applicant is now reduced to travel with four horses, and can afford to entertain no more than thirty parsons every day at his public table and though his friends in Ireland now and then give him a meal, yet it must be evident to any gentleman, that, to keep a pack of harriers, to maintain three establishments, and the ex- pense of making his affecting case known through the newspapers, must make him even more dependent than formerly on the charity of the public. As to his charac- ter, Mr. D. begs to refer to his old friends, Whig and Co.; also to the gaoler at the Penitentiary, and the 'limes' ,a Commissioner by whom the smallest donations will be thankfully received for him as also by J. Tuam, Esq.; —— Sobrien, Esq. and at the Conciliation Hall.- Punch. AN UNPRONOUNCEABLE NAME.—A Scotchman, named Alexander Finney, drowned himself in Coneyocketies Creek, near Buffalo, on the 12th instant, while in a state of insanity. If he had tried to pronounce the name of the Creek it would have answered his purpose quite as well, by choking him.—Boston Bee. THE BOOTY TAKEN IN SCINDE—We understand that a grant has been made to the captors of the booty taken in Scinde by the troops under Major-Geueral Sir Charles Napier in February and March, 1843. The amount of bullion and treasure is stated at upwards of £ 400,000, what the value of jewels, &c., may be is not known, but they will probably realise £ 100,000, so that not less than half a million sterling will fall to be divided among the captors. To the troops who were stationed in Scinde at the time of the battles of Meauee and Hyderabad, but who were not actually present at those battles, a specific portion (we believe one-sixth) is allotted. The residue is given to the forces engaged in the battles, after deduct- ing what they have already received under the head of extra batta on this account. The stamp duty paid into the Bank of England on account of the bullion and trea- sure amounts to upwards of £ 21,000.—Allens's Indian Mail. FIRES IN AMERICA IN I8'5. We do not remembe ever to have heard of so many great fires in any one short period of time as have happened on this continent in the first six months of 1845. We annex a list of the losses experienced, in the order in which they occurred :— Barbadoes, 2,000,000 dollars Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 3,000,000 dollars; London, Connecticut, 500,000 dollars Fayetteville, North Carolina, 500,000 dollars Quebec, 7,500,000 dollars Matanzas, 1,000,000 dollars New York, 6,000,000 dollars—total, 21,000,000 dollars. This aggregate surpasses the loss by the great fire in New York in 1835. Then about 20,000,000 dollars of property were destroyed. The amount given as lost in the two fires at Quebec is the estimate given in the New York papers; we are inclined to believe it rather above the marlii—Qwfoc Mercury* I A discovery of iron-ore has recently been made in the it,ininore Fells, Westmoreland, which is likely to prove of considerable value. FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—OXFORD, MONDAY.— Phis morning a fatal accident occurred on the Great -Vesterii Railway, at the Abingdoa-road station, under ihe following circumstances:—A young woman, named Fanny Gosling, residing in this city, started by the mail train, at half-past ten o'clock, to pay a visit to her mother at Ciifton, which is a short distance from the Abing lon- road station. On arriving at the latter place, instead of proceeding at once to Clifton, she attempted to cross the line, for the purpose, it is supposed, of seeing some of her old acquaintances, who resided at the tavern on the other side of the road. While she was standing on the platform the mail-train, which htd brought her from Oxford, passed by her, and no doubt thinking that the line was quite clear, she stepped on it, but the moment that she had put her hand on the second line of rail, the tast down-train, which she could not have seen coming, came in contact with her, when she was knocked down by it, and killed instantaneously. Her feet were severed from her ankles, and her body otherwise much mutilated. Several persons witnessed the accident, and endeavoured by calling out to make her aware of the great danger she was in, but to no purpose the poor woman seemed quite paralyzed. The police-officer on duty, at the rillk of his life, made an attempt to lay hold of her, but before he could do this, the train had knocked her down. The unfortunate occurrence was purely accidental, and not the slightest blame attaches to the engineer, or to any one else. VALUABLE DISCOVERY.—A French mechanic formed the idea that by subjecting iron-dross to the slow cooling process which is known to produce a total change in the nature of glass a new and useful species of stone might be obtained and as iron-dross, such as the large furnaces yield, is a wholly useless substance, the announced suc- cessful result of his persevering attempts cannot but be matter of great interest, more especially at the present time, when the smelting furnaces of England are in a hitherto unknown state of activity. The abject which the Frenchman sought to accomplish was, to impart to ir<«n-dross the compactness and hardness of granite, and at the same time to save the cost and labour which the hewing of the real stone requires. To this end he contrived to let the iron-refuse, while in a fluid state, run into iron forms, which were previously brought to a red heat by being placed so as to receive the super- fluous name which issues from the mouth of the furnace; and in order to ensure the slow cooling, these forms are provided with double sides, between which sand is intro- duced, which is we!! known to be a bad conductor of heat; the whole is then brought again to a glow heat, and in like manner again cooled off. By this procedure, it is asserted, the ingenious discoverer has succeeded in forming paving-stones, flags, large building-blocks and even pipes, of any given form, of a degree of hardness and polish, equal, if not superior, to the best hewn natural granite, and at tl\e most trifling conceivable cost. OKESOX.—The American journalists and orators have materially modified their lone in relation to Oregon. The newspapers received by last packet swarm with pro- jects for settling the difference with England, and with unauthentieated and contradictory rumours respecting the views of public men in regard to the controversy. What the American Government intends to do, or whe- ther it has any plan, we do not conjecture; but it is obvious that one truth has dawned upon the miuds of our American cousins—" Oregon is more accessible from Great Britain than from the United States." From both countries the journey thither can be performed with less inconvenience by sea than by land. The British posses- sions in the Pacific, and we might even say in the Antilles, are convenient points of departure for opera- tions upon Oregon than any inhabited territory of the Union. Time has forced these reflections upon the Yankees; and the bluster about appropriating Oregon by the strong hand has subsided. Temporising is now the order of the day. Some months ago a leading statesman of the Union warned his countrymen that they could gain nothing by precipitating a decision on their claims to Oregon; and his views appear now to be gener- ally adopted. A favourite object with all the state- doctors, who have propounded to their countrymen terms respecting Oregon to be offered to Great Britain, is a renewal of the joint-occupancy for a long period. The experience gained in the Canadian frontier territory ought to guard us against falling into such a trap. In whatever way the Oregon controversy is to be settled it is for our interest—for the interests of substantial justice -that it should be settled without delay. A prolonged period of joint-occupation will give rise to continual disputes between British and American settlers, and reuder a pacific arrangement less easily practicable. There is no chance of the discovery of new facts to throw new light on the conflicting claims: the facts already known will only run a risk of obscuration and metamorphosis Into different shapes, if years are allowed to elapse before they be adjudicated upon. The joint- occupancy would be a source of diplomatic expenditure incessant heartburnings, and additional perplexity.' What is to be done ought to be done now. If the Oregon territory be left many years without a recognised govern- ment, it will become a place of refuge for the strangest and most dangerous characters. Already the Mormons, having agreed to evacuate Illinois, are casting their eyes upon it. The Bois Brules of Canada, the Loafers of the United States, all the olf-scourings of American society, will flock to a country which has no government. The growing trade of the Pacific will soon be worth the attention of buccaneers; and if neither England nor the United States exercise territorial sovereignty on the Straits of Juan de la Fuca, a more eligible situation for pirates could scarcely be imagined.—Spectator. IMPORTANT CULINARY HBCIPE.—Innumerable recipes are being published daily for the preservation and restora- tion of the diseased potatoes, but none have come under our observation so simple and useful as the following, which was communicated to us by John Williams, Esq., of Pitmason, who has himself tried it, on the recommen- (htion of a friend, atHl assures us of its complete success: — He procured a small quantity of the diseased potatoes and put them into a kettle filled with cold water, without paring tltem: the vessel was then placed over the fire and allowed to remain until the potatoes were about half boiled, when the water was poured away and a fresh supply of cold water put into the vessel, which was replaced over the are, until the potatoes were sufficiently boiled for use. They were then served up, and after the covering bad been removed, although the diseased parts still appeared blacker than the other, yet there was no disagreeable taste or colour attached to them; and in the opinion of the experimentalist, who partook of them, they were decidedly equal, if not superior, in flavour, to some which had been selected as the more perfect. The lears of his friends were excited that some indisposition would follow the eating of the diseased vegetable; but we are happy to say that no ill effects were experienced th ;refrom.— Worcester Journal. TilE LATE APPALLING MURDER AT ALSAGER'S BANK. — Mrs. Colclough, the owner and late occupier of the cottage where the horrible deed was committed, has aban- doned the scene of blood, and taken up her abode with her son, a married man, residing near the chapel, at Alsager's Bank. Mycock, the paramour of the homicide, and their little boy, still continue in the hamlet, and are staying at the house of William Scott, the collier who so narrowly escaped with his life, while attempting to secure Dean immediately after the murder. The little boy says that just before the dreadful crime was committed, his father (Dean) put him on the wooden squab or bench, placinjpian axe and a hammer underneath it. Dean then told the child that if he stirred hand or foot he would cut his head off. Poor Fielding came in just at the moment, and the maniac—for such we must consider him—felled his victim with the axe-hammer, before a word was ex.. changed on either side What an ill-starred visit for the quiet inoffensive Fielding What a providential escape for the child! as there seems little doubt, but for the mo- mentary accidental appearance of the deceased, the hands of Dean would have been imbrued in the blood of his own offspring. And supposing the statement of the child.to be correct—and there is no reason to doubt it- there was no previous quarrel, nor anything to excite the deadly animosity of Dean. Mycock's statement, also, that Dean had never seen his victim until the fatal day, would seem to disprove all charge of malice prepense. The shocking catastrophe cannot be accounted for on any rational principle. It appears that Dean burnt several articles of clothing, belonging to Mrs. Colclough, in his revolting attempt toconsume by fire the head of the mut- dered man. This portion of the startling narrative is sickening to contemplate. We hear that Dean, Mycock, and the boy, slept in a little room on the ground floor, adjoining the cottage. From and after the Friday night previous to the murder, the other inmates, who slept up stair3, took the precaution of drawing up the ladder by which the chamber was approached. This plainly shows that their fears were aroused—that Dean was considered in a dangerous state of mind—and it is much to be xegretted that steps were not immediately taken for placing him under effectual surveillance. The life of one human being might, in all probability, have been saved. On the night of the inquest Dean was kept in custody at the house of Sub-Inspector Price, at Audley. The guilty or unconscious man did not sleep for a mo- ment. In the morning Price, assisted by policc-constable Webb, took the criminal to Stafford county prison. They were accompanied as far as the Whitmore station by Mycock. Thus does woman's love- Like ivy round the shattered oak, Cling strongest in the blast." Guilty as she knewl him to be, and questionable as was their connection, Mycock could not leave Dean in his darkest hour of need. At the Whitmore station Dean refused to get into the railway carriage unless accompa- nied by his "Fanny," as he called Mycock. To pacify him she got into the vehicle, and escaped at the opposite door. Seeing this, he appeared peevish and disappointed, venting his spleen by throwing after her a portion of the victuals he was eating at the time. His conduct during the journey was rude and incoherent: he frequently made use of rambling and unmeaning expressions. Since his incarceration, Dean has written to Mycock, and the letter has been received by her at Alsager's Bank. He expresses a wish to see her, and states that he is growing worse in his mind! The neighbours consider that Dean has saved a little money, and it is said to be deposited at some bank in the locality. He was very industrious, and reputed honest in all his little dealings that is the character given him by Mrs. Colclough. It is now said that Dean was eccentric in his habits" and had exhibited symptoms of insanity for months past. He had been known to go unwashed for a week together aud 9 when reproved for that filthy habit, he has answered, You should have told me I was dirty," He was always absent-minded, and generally very reserved. The mu;der has created an impression not easily to be effaced in the neighbourhood oi Audlej,—Staffordshire Mcrci ry. IRELAND.—In spite of the anxieties about the potato dearth, Ireland finds time and money for unremitting assiduity in political agitation: the Orange Society is reorganised, and the O'Connell Tribute" collected on Sunday week is estimated as exceeding the which it yielded last year. The Orangemen, by their chief leaders, adopt a new namp., and call themselves hence- forward the Protestant Alliance." It is to be presumed that with their old name they will seek to relinquish what there was of illegality in the old society. It is not to be expected, indeed, that the Alliance will differ very greatly from the society for Orangeism is but one form of Irishism—merely the national propensity to Illicit agitation, adapted to a Protestant form, for the descend- ants of those Irishmen who adhered to the Reformation. Nevertheless, with the name of Orange, the society not agitation, adapted to a Protestant form, for the descend- ants of those Irishmen who adhered to the Reformation. Nevertheless, with the name of Orange, the society not only abandons some odious traditions, but signifies such a concession to the spirit of the day as indicates a less troublesome obstinacy. The O'Connell Tribute was more than twenty thousand pounds lest year, and this year, when Ireland is threatened with a greater pressure of want than has visited it in the present generation, the amount is expected to be greater than evor. Some will receive the fact as a test of national gratitude: to us it appears no more than a remarkable proof of Ireland's unfailing perseverance in certain practical inconsistencies the greater the want, the more the marriages and the children the greater the dearth, the more the money spent on organised agitation. And while we see this growing want among the people and this growing wealth to the agita|or by trade, the Times Commissioner oppor- tunely revive8 the accounts of O'Connell's peculiar position in respect of land he is a very small land- owner and a very extensive middleman. This complete- ness of the national characteristics in the Irishman is wonderful. View Irish society as you may, its main features seem to be preserved with a curious fidelity. It is true that some of the abuses and some of the burdens here inflicted on the Irish people are not self-imposed; but how well do they fit into the general system, and how much more extraordinary do they show the self-imposi- tion of the burdens to be! Never was there a nation so helpless and so agitated, so poor and so self-taxing but the self-taxation always has for its end the gratification of some passion—Orangeism, Repealism, Ribandism, Thuggism, Catholicism, Protestantism, O'Conneilism. And these proofs of practical enthusiasm" are all fur- nistied by the people—the people support these dilettanti organisations. In England, where perhaps the Charter has scarcely formed a transient exception to the rule, the people voluntarily contribute to no organised scheme*, how remarkable the difference —Spectator. The Times of Thursday very justly remarks— In Ireland they deify a rn in who would be denounced here. In Ireland they become eager in the chase of a theory in pro- portion to its vagueness, its falsity, or its hopelessness. In England an impudent charlatan would be pelted in Ireland he is paid. Tha man who with us should venture to wring a tax from a famishing cottier would not escape ducking; in Ireland O'Connell's tribute will exceel £ 20,000, even on the verge of a national dearth!" And the same paper, in a vigorous article on the present prospects of that much-to-be-pitied country, observes- Now, we ask, can any country in Europe parallel these facts as recorded of Ireland ? What is the condition of her people at this moment ? For weeks past we have been told in all quar- ters that her principal article of food is all but annihilated that her people are on the verge of starvation; that it will require votes of money, or of corn, or of Parliamentary relief, to arrest the march of famine and pestilence. Meetings have been con- vened, councils have been held, speeches have been delivered, all under the impression that some extraordinary measures must be taken to avert the most horrible calamity that can hover over a nation. More than this, the crisis ha.s produced instances of great and praiseworthy self-sacrifice. Voluntary promises and preparations have met the evil half way. Some landlords pro- mised to remit their rents; others, equally generous, but more discreet, undertook to find employment for the poor and others, again, were ready to pay down money to large amounts for the purpose of procuring food. Government was understood to be entertaining some comprehensive scheme. The eyes of Europe were turned to Ireland, as a country which, humanly speaking, j could be saved from dearth and plague only by the most indefatigable diligence and the most disinterested devotion. In the face of all this actual and apprehended misery, we find a man who for forty years has followed the profession of a patriot, exhorting a people just on the brink of starvation to hoard up their farthings and their pence,-not to buy their children bread, nor save themselves from the most fatal of diseases, but to help him in attaining an object which is, and which he knows to be, just as practicable as a railroad to the moon. He calls on the most squalid and worst-fed peasantry in Europe to save out of their stinted earnings a week's food to supply him and his fol. lowers with the means and material of keeping alive that suicidal agitation which has multiplied the evils of Ireland ten- fold, and has averted from her the kindly eye of many who were disposed to alleviate her grievances. But this is not all. If it were, it would be bad enough; but there might be a sort of palli- ation fouud for it. It might be said that the people were dupes, but that their deceiver was an enthusiast; that he indulged in hopes that he sought to encourage, and believed in the promises that he held out; that he was infatuated, planet-stricken, fond, but that, after all, lie was siacere. This might have been said— it would have been a bold defence indeed—and it might have been received. But what can be said now 1 What plea can be urged in defence of a man who is exacting tribute for himself from the thousands whose usual penury is this year multiplied fearfully? What can be said of the man who, after deploring with simulated earnestness the lethargy of Government in de- laying to rescue the people of Ireland from the horrors of famine—after hypocritical tears and more hypocritical prayers- has the audacity to demand for himself the alms of which shivering nakedness can so ill afford to be deprived! And what shall be said of those who. knowing and seeing the condition of the people, yet do not hesitate to lend their co-operation to a work at which honour and humanity revolt 1 As to the kind of relief to be administered we quite agree with the Times, that it would be worse than useless to extend relief in the shape of money—or improvident contracts-such a course" would only enrich the coffers of an extsrtionate and heartless demagogue." There can be no question as to the necessity for exertion that ne- cessity is admitted on all sides and despite the treason of Conciliation Hall—despite the swindling pretexts of the priests—despite the cold-blooded exactions of Mr. Oatiiel O'ConneH—Hngtish wealth and English genero- sity must come forward, and rescue the patient, hard- working, starving peasantry of Ireland. IHE ARNiy, Order, Horse Guards, Nov. 20, 1845.—The Commander in Chief having considered it his duty to order a court of inquiry to assemble in order to inquire into the transactions which occurred in the 4th Dragoons on the 2dth September Jast, desires that the report of the court may he published ia th" gCII"fal orders of the nrrny. He en- treats the commanding o'liccrs of regiments to draw the atten- tion of the officers under their command, respectively, to the evil consequences resulting from the practice of gymuastic exercises after the mess dinner. Tile mess dinner of the officers of a regiment cannot be deemed a private convivial meeting, considering the interest which has been manifested by the public authorities in promoting its con.fort and respect- I ability j and considering that it is iiot unusually attended by officers and by private gentlemen of character, and respectable on account of their rank and ,tation ( whether professional or social) or age, it i, desirable that conduct or practices should be avoided in which men of that description cannot take part, and that nothin' should pass which is otherwise than usual in the societies of person., of that description, and, indeed, that at all times and under all circumstances gymnastic exercises, wrestling and boxi:>- by oiKcers, and such practices of youths in colleges aud schools rather than of men intrusted with the command of soldiers by commission of their Sovereign, should be discontinued, excepting strictly in private; and that no officer or gentleman should ever think of raising his hand against another. The Commander in Chief has been informed that the practice of smoking, by the use of pipes, cigars, or cheroots, has become prevalent iirnong the officers of the army, which is not only in itself a species of intoxication occasioned by the fumes of tobacco, but undoubtedly occasions drinking and tip- pling by those who acquire the habit; and he entreats officers commanding regiments to prevent smoking in the mess-rooms of their several regiments, and in the adjoining apartments, and to discourage the practice among the odicer3 of junior rank in their regiments. Lieut. Kirwan is released from his arrest, and to return to the performance of his duty. By command of Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington, Commander ia Chief, "JoHN MACDON-AID, Adjutant General." TUB LATH UNFORTUNATE AFFAIR AT HOUNSLOW BARRACKS. The court of inquiry referred to in the preceding paragraph met on November 7th, for the purpose of inquiring into the conduct of Lieut. Kirwau, of the 4th Light Dragoons, on the night of Sunday, the 28th of September last, and was noticed shortly after in the (iUAKDiAN. The court was composed of the following gentlemen :—President: M. General Hon. E. P. Lygon. Members; Colonel Walton, Coldstream Guards; Colonel Home, Grenadier Guards; Colonel Bouverie, Royal Horse Guards; Lieutenant Colonel llankey, 1st Dragoon Guards. The board met, and Lieutenant Colonel Daly, commanding the 4th Light Dragoons, and Lieutenant Kirwan, were called in. Major Parlby, of the 4th Light Dragoons, was also called in, and was requested to state to the board what he knew respecting the transactions of the evening in question, lie replied—" On the U8th of Sep- tember last, the officers dined together at the mess. All the married officers then present dined with me. There were three strangers present—Lieutenant Greville of the 2d Life Guards Lieutenant Porter of the 7th Fusiliers; and an oilicer of the Horse Artillery. We dined about half-past seven, aud about 20 minutes before lOmany of the officers went into the ante-room to coffee. After 1 had sat there a few minutes Lieut. Greville and Lieut. Kirwan came into the ante-room and commenced wrest- ling. Lieut. Greville caught Lieut. Kirwan by the thigh, and flung hion oa his back; he got up, and in an instant he was thrown again in the same way. When he got up again Captain Fane was standing with his back to the fire. I was silting close by. Captain Fane crossed the room, and (as I supposed) told Lieut. Kirwan to desist; 1, having followed Captain Fane, heard only the reply, which was What right have you to put a sto ) to this (or words to that effect), you are not the senior officer present?' 1 put my hand before him, and a aid—But I am— Captain Fane did perfectly right; there must be a stop put to this.' Captain Fane at the moment returned, and stood, as he was before, at the fire (it was only a move of a few steps). Lieut. Kirwan immediately went up to him, and continued what he had been saying before. What right have you to speak to me in that manner I' or words to that purport. I begged Captain Fane to leave the room with me, which he did thathistant. I said—'You shall be perfectly satisfied to-morrow morning.' From the time that Lieut. Kirwan and Lieut. Greville came into the room to that at which Captain Fane and I left it, 1 do not suppose that more than three minutes had elapsed. Captain Fane went into his room, which was the next but one to the ante-room, and locked the door. I stood a moment at the door, and saw Lieut. Kirwan come out of the aute-rooni, followed by Captain Low.^J^he moment Lieut Kirwan came to the door of Captain he tried to open it, and finding it fast, kicked it. I desired him to go away immediately. As I was standing by the door, Lieut. Kirwan pushed me aside, and kicked several times at the door violently. I said to him, Air. Kirwan, if you continue this violence, I will immediately place you in the guard-room. Captain Low was standing close by, when I said—' Low, get him away from this, and Slwe his com- mission.' Captain Low immediately took him out of the passage into the barrack-yard. Everything remained quiet for a minute or two, and 1 returned to the ante-room, where I saw Quarter- master Tarieto-i; I called him, and said—' Tarleton, you are a great, strong fellow, will you go out and see that Kirwan does not meet Fane, and try and get him quietly to his own room.' This is all I saw of the transaction." Several other officers were examined, including Quartermaster Tarleton. It is quite unne- cessary to burden our columns with their statements, as we have upon former occasions fully referred to the particulars of the unfortunate occurrence. Mr. Kirwan firmly maintained that the wound sustained by Mr. Tarleton was purely the result of accident, and threw himself on the mercy of the Commander in Chief," to whom the evidence taken has been forwarded. A RELIC,— A rather interesting relic was discovered a few days ago upon the shore of St. Brelade's Bay, While Mr. Robertson, a gentleman who resides in that localitv, was rambling upon the beach, his eye was attracted bv a small dark and rusty looking object lying amongst the shingle. Lifting it up, he found it to be a drinkin^-cnp, similar in shape and general appearance to those which Ilee are to be seen in the paintings of the old Flemish masters. The date of its manufacture cannot be assigned to a period lesi remote than 400 years. It has two handles, and is about double the size of a common claret glass Jerseu Times. 9

BANKRUPTS.—(From the London Casettes.) FRin4.v.-J. Brown, Sotting-hiU, builder. C. Bowen, Haru- ^e'f wine-merch»nt. C. M. Ilarman, Millbank treet, Westminster, veterinary surgeon. R. Worley, Newsite r w>r0uWl0n merchant- G- J1' and J. Bodle, Addison Hoion0' f' NottinS-hi1'. builders. J. Hamsher, Vine-place w!> £ °T<f manufacturer- J- C. Kendall. Islington, tarem keeper. G. Sawyer, Lewes, Sussex, tailor. W. H. Blackmore Dean-street Soho, plumber. J. Parr, South Wharf-road I'ad- W 'Ken "t "w 7' Atkia' "toc*o«-«Pon-Te^rlt tailor!' CWk6SbUry' Pnuter- W- Chaloner, Lincoln, ^TUESDAY—-Charles Joseph Hnssel, scrivener. Ludlow Shropshire. William London, sen., and William LP„H j'tn., carriers, Exeter. John Warren,*surgeon dem'r street, Hanover-square. William Cooke, innkeeper' IVh-f.n" J°r V*nd Imen-draper^ H^h-strert' Rochester. Joseph Woodham, plumber. High-street and-towa, Middle, Charles Wadh.rmrc. pen^'cr- lotte-.treet, rortIand-pl«e, N'e^roaJ fl,-f chandUr, Southampton-terrace, Cam.Wto<*u. John FyautT

Sfttpjuttg A Intelligence. "°" BUTF I)oCK.Art-iv,,triiett, Score. iLht ll„ r i Cn' Greg-rv, GUmor^nshire Canal, light.Bldon. Gillespie. Q-, b.c.. Phantom, Richards Pri„ce Edwar^ Island, timber..Thomas and Man,. Watkin, B Bristol, ba.r,r:°4det!lu""H?^ B^ Mad d\ sT 7a^rf°rri' 'James, K^ns Vit ol liristol, Cleveland, bal- ;;»pid. ory >0'S8rst "on2sr.testudickn M^rV bmestones.Vep,ane Vupeke, Dantrfc. timber?. F«„ Cork, lunestonflg Latrence Poristal, Tool* Waterf!.r"j Bideford naVr r' 1'ght.. ntli^eiire, Reynolds, n. IT,' dPpr'* r'cy Ann, Arkey, Cork.. John Wesl™ ays, Cork, limestone.. Richard and Jane, [,obb Fowev' n ore.. D«vid Waller, Reed, W^terford, pies and 'haiia-r w DaV,^r'Urel'Ti^a' GVner- Bris-ol. coa!Utira R.,n.rw Marv Ann H* Leonard, Powrll, coal-. ford r.\ ',rc,T,adv Ko,le- Perry, »ide- ford.. Ent erpli ze, I)efnpsev, Kin,.Ie. George, Clanev, Wat-rfn-,1 PI • t4almomh.. Rose, Condon Waterfor {UeniII,i,,1Penn't,« w«*«rfoid.. Rapid, PowevI is Charles H h,t„e'.J°loi»cester.Palmerstor), Davies. Bris-ol coal 'v e* Wills/ Bristol, all ith R,,K" r^°U,h' D,bb<"»s. Bristol Channel, li.ht Barton rincl- at ales (g.), Jones, Bristol, general car6o. fady Reaner I • » Fow*y— ^*<7, Evans, Urinal.. E.st Cornwall I ",ef,av"a-Sisle". Knapp, Bu||0w Pill.. Hullow Pin w !°n,' Powev .Wern Collier, Sou dinn, Biddle, Bui low PU ng|»am' [>app' Bullow Pi!l** Affiance, ait Pill.. I eter and Rebecca,Scantlebury, Fowev \evin p|un 2 Parker, Dublin.Juliana, Rowland Brothers JC K ,Uublit>" *>ds, Beer, Bris-ol.. Bridgwater & BA'St?1~a'1 wilh baiIu*' S«lly, Robert-, stow C!I:H\ Portmadoc..Bee, Itymer, Che, HM.'T', Porthcawl—William, Smith. ••Hope lilv l. 'I"U'y(,"ey-Newnham. Smith, Lydney Karl Gr'av Thm' ^port.. Aurora, Lewis, Ilfracombe.. ■William' Woof"' Pa,r_lmo lth* • War'hi, Jones, Porthcawl 6' ucester*» hroe Brothers. Brownin*. Glou- HSn'Pmthcawr^V Whitehaven.WiUia™ and' W. Bristol. S„u, Oavies, Brfstol Bi'taloL* Mn" p' Active Cone r„jn.. "organ, Portmadoc Trader, Romiltes, Gloucester« Jane, N Itrse, Gloucester. B"1 «oo.f.Diamoud fiddy, Koclie.ier.Rliatob. France, Workington.. John Medley, Rowland, Gal way Margaret, ^metWOt \*iT0n'hyn Ca3t'e> Thomas, Fleetwood. IWo p Work,ngton.Mertbyr Packet, Thomas, Bristol.Providence, Baker, Bnstot.Hoj'.elma, Stkoy, naol'-ltn' ee' Flue £ wood-.Hopc, Morris, Liver- Suaa, ,ri! WIr0H'"i:,iVIVerpO°l Pa0ket' VVestl3ke» Watchet ..busaunah Wood, belfast.sarah, Arr, Bristol.Ma»dalen, Brisud' 1lt',ldIH' (.'ia'n'n°n* ''a<)s<°"Bi.z'*beth. VVnghY, 0 r »r t l' U,?;nlet' Mantes. Aniiana, Roland, dr':|>1.7 \Ve n p',r yan^' ,JridSwater"• • "«sey, Evans,' rn oilier, <j.ju.U:ng, Gloucester.William Hosk'in'CBiiicio°i"°n' Bristol..W,lliaiU and Jane, Ho»Kin, Bidetoid.. John Mayo, Gloucester.. Batalo* Mori oeryslwitr,Sally, Roberts. Biidgvvater.Industiy, >:eu us, Belfast.ihrec l$roilu:r-, Brownnig, Gloucester.. Venus, looie, Bridgwater-^ with eoal.Vtl,iam. SmtS, Newport )live Branch, Gregory, Bute Dock.Mary Jones, Bowen, I ortocaw .Newnham, Smith, Lydney.William, dill, Lydney..bisters, Knapp, Bui low Pill..Hope, Davies, Newport ..Martha, Jones, Porthcawl. Nottingham, Knapp, tmllo-v Pill. Vct;v- Cpj. B-id .;wnter— ij.rht?

lAJiN UUsX iVIAttlVtfirS. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES of CORN per Quarter computed from the Inspectors' Returne. GENERAL AVERAGE. J'h,eat 58 6 Rye 34' "arle.V 82 9 Beans .1! £ 5 °ats 24 5, Peas Ml. 43 9 DUTY ON FOREIGN CORN. 46 *0 Rye *• I a;iey 6 0 Beans °alS 4 0 Peaa J »

A* EXCHANGE—MONDAY MARK LANE—MONDAY — \v» » iV1lojNilAR- rivals of foreign wheat a f» e considerable a supplies of oats during the^nlsr^r6* of b*r,eJf' aild ''nuwrnse but a small .how of land cania.eTm near counties, the trade was fimf and ifnp8 ^Cat j™1" Essex and Kentish were take, off ""adilv^^ at ^r on hand at the close of the market. Old English or free foreign moves ot: m small quantities to miller, at fully «s good prices, but for bonded or floating cargoes we have little inquiry, and where sales are pressed, a decline must be submitted to. The duty cannot be much, if anything, lower at present. Barley is dull and everything but the finest maIling co.u the turn cheaper. I he oat trade has a little recovered from the pautc of last week. On Friday, and to-lav, large sales have been ejected for good conditioned corn, unces are now equal to those of last Monday, with a much better demand. Beans and peas of all sorts in abundance to-d ,y, and are dull at Is to 2s. per qr. decline all round. Carraways and Canary are lower. 1 WHEAT. —— s. s. s s Essex & Kent red 58 —4>'J White oid Do 02 — 65 Da £ z$ RYE. O'd 35 — 37 I Xew 4*0 BARLEY. s. s. s. s. Grinding 31 — 31 Chevalier 38 4.7 M.ttung. 35 3() Here. 28 20 Irish M -— 29 MALT. s s. a Suffolk and Norfolk 5S —. ti3 j Brown 5(} qq Kingston and Ware Gl — 0 j Chevalier 04 — 20 OATS. Yorkshire and Lin- S" colnshire feed 30 — 29 Potato 33—32 Youghali and Cork Cork white 27 28 black. 20 — 27 Westport 27 '>8 Dublin 20 — 27 Black. 26 — 27 Waterford white 2'3 — 27 Newry 30 — 29 tJalvvay 25 — 20 feLtl 20 21 Potato 30—29 Clonmel. o0 — 32 Limerick 27—30 Londonderry 27 — 28 Sligo 26 27 BEANS. s. s. SB F,ck new 44 — 48 I Old small 50 5* PEAS. ^.r.CrV 0 — 47 j Maple. 45 aq VVt"te 0 52 I Boilers. 54 5Q SMITH FIELD MARKlfiTS-lMoMD VY F^'stnrf a,110o,"i,ar'soca °! .,lie Supplies and Prices of mt Mon iV exv ,n SoailMeld Cattle Market, on Monday, Nov. 25, UHl, an.l Mouday, Nov. 21 1845. Nov. 25, 1814. Nov. 24, 184X Coarse and inferior Beasts. 'i' 6 to 2*'lo'2'l0* to 3 J Second quality ditto 39 "i 4 o o o £ Prnn large Oxen 3 | 3 s'"1 a 4 5 prim, smm, tsc. l j™! I l Second uul' 30 34.34 3 IO Second qua,ttv ditto 34 3 6.4 0 4 (> Prime coat so woolled dmo 3 0 3 10.4 8 4 ll> Prune Southdown ditto. 4 0 4 2.4 10 5 O Large coarse CalvM 3 2 3 0.1 0 4 £ LaweH? ° 3 8 4 2 —4 8 5 (* J^arge Hogs 3 4 3 10.3 10 4 & = SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29, 1845. Published by the sole Proprietor, HENRY WEBBKR, at his residence Charter-street. in the Parish of Saint John the Baptist, in the Town of Cardiff and County of Glamorgan, and Printed by him at his General Printing Office in Duke-street, in the said Parish of John, ui tfjs Couuty afore?aid.J j I