The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette

THE RIGHT OF RAILWAY OFFICERS TO ARREST PASSENGERS FOR T11 KIR FARES. At Sonthwark policc-court on Thursday week, Geo. Chilton, ice Esq., Queen's Counsel. Recorder of Gloucester. and leader of the SOllth Wales circuit, was charged before Mr. Jeremy with travelling in one of the Croydon Itailway Company's carriages and refusing to pay the fare, fifteen pence. James Smith, one of the officers of the Brighton and Croydon llailway. said that on the preceding nighr, oil the arrival of the half-past eight train from Croydon at the London Bridge terminus, the defendant vas in one of the carriages. His ticket was de- manded of him in the usnal way. and Oil his lefusal to deliver it he was given in'o custody. Th:' fare of fiiteen pence was previously demanded of him. The defendant told him he came from Sydenham, and off,-red to pay him Is.. the fare from that place. He (witness) refused to take les* than the fifteen pence, as the Act of Parliament specified that he must pay the fare for all the way. Witness produced a printed copy of the bye-laws, vhich he said were fixed up in a con- spicuous place at every station along the line. Mr. Chilton contended that he had been taken into custody illegally, and that the (O,IY of the bye-lawi could not be re- ceived in evidence. Mr. Jeremy thought he had much better have paid the fifteen pence than have takell up the time of the Court. Mr. Chilton (rather vehemently) said that he was dragged lo the station-honse like a felon, and wo'ild have been Incked- lip had not a friend who resided near the court come and bailed him. They t.ad no ri.;ht to lock him up. as they t.mw his name, and the station whiih he held in society. If what they had done was justifiable, any poor man, who was kttonn to the guard of a train, and to the passengers in the same car- tiage, as having paid his fare, nlL,ht he locked up from his family many miles from home. His unfortunately losing his ticket would, it appeared, justify the company in demanding an ei;0itn0U4 sum. A man cannot he arrested for £ 100.000^ yet a gentleman can be dragged to the siation-house for 3.1. lie considered that the lailway authorities were not em- powered to detain him. Mr. Jeremy said that lie certainly doubted whether the railway authorities had the power of detaining him. This was o: e of the difficulties of legislating hy deputy, especially when they had to deal with the hye-lawg of a public company' The clause 183, which was;<(Tixed on the hoards, was not a bye-law, and that specified that—"if a person travel on a '•aiiway without a ticket, he shall pay the amount of the fare from li-.e Croydoi; terminus." Whether the oflicers had the power lo dc.aiii a party or the. n;o;n y was the question. The party's nam': and ie>i.lerce miu'ht he unknown lo them M r. C! i i: t o i i. Iwant to know what offeuce I have com- mitted ? Mr Jeremy.—You have not paid the fifteen pence when required oi you by the railway officer. Had you done so, all this trouble would have been avoided. Mr. It is not for the sake of the n.oney that I re- fused to comply with the officer's request, but it was the prin- ciple of the ti ing I w tut to try the P oInt whether the Act oi Pailiament S'IVCS the railway company authority to detain an.1 lock tip persons in my situation. Some of the clerks nil" ht to have attended, especially when they knew mv s'ation y in life. I have been locked tip, and in custody all night. I want your decision on the point, as I shall certainly carry it further. Mr. Jeremy —I have perused the company's Act of Parlia- ment with tny learned fiiend Mr. Traill, and am of opinion that the in p'int is not a penalty, but a forteitnie of tl:e fare, fifteen pence. Under the 182nd section, they had only power to summon the defendant. Then fore, it was clear they had no right to give him into custody. We must, how. ever, as the case has gone on, order the defendant to pay the fifteen pence. Mr. Chilton paid the fare, at the same time protesting against the legali,.v of the magistrate's decision. ""I'. Jeremy.—It appears, on forth' r perusal of the Act, all penalties ate recoverable hy di^raint on the goods and Chattels of the defendant. I'ere, it" it was !>>v case, ar>d l wished to try the question, I should let the company distrain. i\tr. Chilton (with great anxiety) —to the chief clerk Give me back my money. I'll let them distrain sooner than pay the money. If they do so, I w.1L then try the question of it ill II superior e'1Ilrt. Mr. Kdwin handed the money back to the defendant, who left the court with his brother, declaring his intention of fol- lowing the matte- '1/" Upon this ease th, Juhll Bull has the following remarks: -1 What would any po -v;n of common sense do, if, travelling a shilling fate by railway, he discovered on arriving at the terminus, that he had lost his ticket ? ray the fare over again, of coursp, were it a thirty instead of a one shilling fare for the collector is bound to require the ticket, or, if not produce- able, the fare. Hut what would a man of common sense do if, in addition to the shilling, he had to pay 3d. more? Not, wc think, what Mr. George Chilton, Q.C., did the other day. We remember in one of Matthews' entertainments he used io give ns the character "f a crusty old fellow, who was always s-aniling upon what lie 11 had a ri^httodoj" and resisting » bat other p opte, according to hia notion, had •' no right to oo *'—«.» that between the two principles of maintaining his own rights and disputing the rights of everyone elso, he was perpetually in hot water. Mr. Chilton is evidently of the same school but be must have a great deal of spare time and a very little spare temper, we think, or he would infinitely have preferred paying the 3d., and going home quietly to bed, to being marched off to the stalion-iiitise. Nay, 'the princi- ple of the thing,' and the 'right' of the company to make him disburse that odd 3d., are even to be adjudicated upon in tfpoior court, should the company cistrain upon his goods and chattels for the fifteen pence, which perhaps they may do, merely to ascertain I tl-.e principle of the and the •right' as regarding themselves. Ami just suppose the su- perior Court to dt-cide in their favour (or even against them) -in either case Mr. Chilton may ask himself the question with which we commenced this article-what would any per- son of common s'nse have done in his situation ? It is said that when a tnan is fit,; own lawyer, he has a fool for his client. Mr. Chilton, however, being a lawyer, and his own client, what should we call the latter on this occasion ?

"ALARMING RUMOUR."—Under this head the Man. chester Guardian, gives a statement from Liverpool, to the effect that the Indus had arrived at that port from Valparaiso, whence she sailed on the 28th of June, bring- ing a letter to a mercantile house, containing the following announcement:—"We have a report here that her Majesty's steamer Salamander has been sunk by a French frigate, the Uranie, at Tahiti; but we have not been able to trace the report. The improbability of such an event is a suificient contradiction of the statement; but it so happens that we have advices from Valparaiso, by her Majesty's sloop Frolic, to the 17th of July. and at that date untiling was beard of the "alarming rumour. THE LATE MHLANCHOLY OCCUKBENCE AT HOUNSLOW BARHACKS. — On Saturday, the further examination of Lieut. Martin Francis Kerwan, of the 4Lh Regiment of Light Dragoons, stationed at Hounslow Barracks, took place on the charge of having, on the 28th ol September last, stabbed with asword Quartermaster Thomas T arieton, of the same regiment, whereby his life was for some time in danger. The ia-ge room at the Three Pigeons Inn, New Brentford, in which the magistrates custo- marily hold their sittings, was, long before the hour appointed (twelve o'clock),) densely crowded by respectable persons anxious to witness the proceedings. Alter a protracted examination during which nothing Dew was adduced, the magistrates said they did not consider it necessary to send Mr. Kerwan for trial, but merely to en- I..r into recognizances to answer any indictment that may be preferred ag-ainst him. Friends of the accused imme- diately tendered the required recognizances, ani he was immediately discharged. Mr. TarJeton has completely ecovered,

HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. THE COWBRIDGE HARRIERS MEET On Monday.Oct. 27111 Wick. Wednesday.. 2Uth .St. Mary Church. EACH DAY AT IIALT-PAST TEN.

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. IGG" A llCOM)(UNICA TIONS and ADVERTISEMENTS intended for this JOURNAL should be forwarded early in the tVuk-rrot later than THURSDAY. OUR READERS AND SUBSCRIBERS.—We should feel obliged to such of our friends and readers as will send us information of matters of local and general interest- meetings and incidents occurring in their respective neighbourhoods. The obligation would be enhanced by the information being authenticated by the name 1 and address of the correspondent. For police news, petty sessions, &c., and the remainder of local news, see our fourth page.

HIGH WATER AT CARDIFF. I OCTOBEf. Morning, J Evening. Sunday 2fi.. a q 2 29 Monday 27.. 3 3 3 29 Tuesday 28.. 3 sf, > 4 19 Wednesday 29.. 4 42 I 5 4 Thursday 30.. 5 26 5 46 Friday 31.. j 6 6 I 6 26 Saturday Nov. 1. (i 45 7 5

THE LATE MAYOR OF CARDIFF. It is with feelings of the sincerest grief, participated j in, we are assured, by every one who had the pleasure ] and advantage of his acquaintance, that we record the j death of our late excellent fellow-townsman, Mr. WATSON. He expired on the evening of October 17, at his house, in St. Nicholas, surrounded by his family, who had, from his improved health and spirits, anticipated his being spared to them for a much longer time but the bursting of a vessel in the region of the heart (an event not unexpected by his medical attendants) put a sudden termination to the life of this most benevolent and valuable member of society. It is almost unnecessary to recal to the minds of our readers the merits of one who was so well known in this neighbourhood, and so highly appreciated by all: but to refuse our tribute of praise and admiration, for departed worth, would be in us a neglect of the duty we owe to the public as recorders, not only of the crimes, of which our pages are so full, but of the virtues also of our fellow-men. Among those who may be looked upon as benefactors to the town and neighbourhood of Cardiff, no man ranked higher than Mr. Watson. He was ever fore- most in projecting or assisting in schemes tending either to the moral and religious improvement, or to the temporal welfare of the poor ;—his efforts in behalf of the education of the young, especially of the infant portion of the community,—his unwearied zeal in promoting every useful, charitable, and Christian work, will long endear him to the memory of those who knew him. He brought a sound and manly sense to bear on every subject that came before him and while his modesty, and even humility of character, was real and unaffected, his earnest, and sometimes impassioned manner, in addressing public assemblies, proved that he could feel strongly and warmly where the occasion justified such expression of feeling. He will be long remembered by many as a dear and affectionate friend and while to his family his loss must be quite irreparable, they have the consolation of feeling how widely they are sympathised with in their affliction, and that however painful such a bereave- ment must be to themselves, the change to him is one of unspeakable blessedness. The late Mr. Watson was fifth son of Lieut.-Col. Watson, a distinguished soldier in the British service. He entered the army as ensign in the 65th Regiment, in which his father also was a Captain. He was present at the battle of Bunker's Hill, and served with distinc. tion in the severe campaigns at the Lakes of North America, commanding, at different times, Niagara and other important forts. On his return to England, at the close of the war, he was promoted to the Lieut.- Colonelcy of the 13th Regiment (now Sir Robert Sale's.) He soon retired to end his days in the neighbourhood of Wexford, in Ireland; but on the breaking out of the Irish rebellion, a year or two after, he was entrusted with the command of the Wexford volunteers, and was unfortunately shot in his first engagement with the rebels in the neighbourhood of that town. The funeral of Mr. Watson took place on Thursday. On arriving at Cardiff bridge, from St. Nicholas, it I was met by the members of the Town-Council, and many of the leading tradesmen of the place, who pre- ceded it on its way through the town. The chief mourners were three of the deceased's sons and his nephew, the Rev. Stephen Hawtrey, M.A., Tutor of Eton College. We observed in the mournful proces- sion—the Rev. W. Bruce, Rector of St. Nicholas Rev. A. Dene, Rector of St. Athan's; Rev. Thos. Stacey; Rev. W. L. Morgan, of Roath J. Bruce Pryce, Esq., j || of Duffryn, &c. &c.; and as it moved slowly along j the streets, the various shops and places of business j were entirely closed as a mark of public respect for the j. memory of the deceased gentleman. He was buried j were entirely closed as a mark of public respect for the t memory of the deceased gentleman. He was buried j at Roath, where his mother was interred—the funeral service being impressively reat^ Rev. W. Leigh 1 Morgan. j

"VISITATION. One of many things necessarily omitted bv us last week, was an account of the Bishop of Llan- daff's visitation at Llandaff Cathedral, which took place on Wednesday, the lath instant. Upon the occasion referred to, Divine service commenced at 11 A.M., when, after the prajers had been most impressively read, the Rev. Archdeacon 1 lianis delivered a sermon of almost matchless ability and power, from the 12th chapter of Romans, verse 6 Having then gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, whether prophecy, let us prophesy according to the proportion of faith." We had prepared an outhue of the rev. gentleman's discourse, as well as of the admirable charge of his lordship, the bishop but, as we understand that both will shortly be published (the sermon being in the press) at the unanimous request of the numerous body of clergy who were present, we refrain from entering further upon them, as the pressure upon our columns this week would not allow us to give more than a very brief outline. After the sermon the charge was given, which occupied two hours in delivery. At four, P.M., upwards of forty of the clergy dined with hie lordship. SAINT M IRYS HURC;I We perceive, by an adver- tisement, that this Church is to be consecrated bv the Bishop of Handatt. on Thursday, the 0th of November, upon which inteiesting occasion we sincerely hope we may witness a numerous attendance of the clergy, gentry, nnd other iiihaji ants generally of this town and district. Reference is made in the announcement to the debt still remaining upon this Church." The amount is not slated but surely, in the present period of unexampled prosperity, it will not be left outstanding after the day of consecration—nay, we most confidently anticipate that the" offerings" wIll not only be sufficient to cover the debt, but also to leave a handsome residue to be placed to the credit of the sacred edifice, which will long remain as a token to after generations of the pious munificence of the inhabitants of this neighbourhood. Forms of consecration" will be provided for sale at the GUARDIAN office. REVISION COURTS. The revision courts for this county have been held by J. Wilson and N. C. Lloyd flail, Esqrs., the barristers appointed to revise the lists of voters and we are very happy in being able to congratulate the Con- s. rvatives on their success. In the parish of Clase Lower, in the hundred of Swansea, they expunged no less than seventeen votes, and no objections were made by the Liberals. The Conservatives .vere, as usual, represented by Mr. Coke and in Swansea the Liberals were repre- sented by Mr. Collins and Mr. John Jenkins, the agent of the Anti-Corn-Law League. ABERGAVENNY CYMREIGYDDION.—A general regret leemed to be felt at the absence of Ab Iolo (the Taliesin of Morganwg) from the late Abergavenny Cymreigyddion. He, with the learned rector of Caescob, Radnorshire, and (we believe; the rector of Cwmdu, Breconshire, formed, at the formation of the society, the triumvirate judges of Welsh literature. If illness was the cause of his absence, every true Welshman will heartily pray for the speedy recovery of their gifted and patriotic countryman the only Drutd (as we believe) now existing. Circumstances over which we have no control again compels us to post- pone the insertion of our report of the proceedings. The sale of Ayrshire cows, advertised in our last, the property of Nlr. David, of Fairwater, took place on the 17 > a"d, notwithstanding t;ie day, proved very un- favourable, the attendance was highly respectable,—and the lots put up, which consisted of 17 head of cattle, were soon disposed of. Several of the milch cows sold at 117 each two-year old heifers at ^?I3 and £ 15 each; and we understand, that Mr. Da\id refused £ 30, by private con- tract, for some of the cows he had reserved for his own dairy, which indicates the good opinion entertained of the Ayrshire breed in this county- ACCIDENTS IN PENARTII H,OADS.-On Friday last, as four persons connected with the Custom-House were sailing in the roads, the boat in which they were was run down by a vessel, and they were for some short time struggling in the water. Providentially, prompt means were used for rescuing them from uieir perilous situation, and they were brought safe to land. on W ednesday last, Captain Rosewail, of the Martha, of St. Ives, met with a severe accident in these roads. His vessel came in.contact with another; and whilst he was attending to the means used for separating them, the tiller swung round and struck him violently upon the head. He was conveyed in an insensible state to the Griffin Inn, and attended by Mr. Thomas Evans, surgeon. We heard yesterday that he was tolerably easy. The Martha only left this port on Wednesday morning. DREADFUL ACCIDENT. -A respectable tradesman's wife lately met with the following extraordinary and serious ac- cident in this toivn She was endeavouring to open a jar of pop," when the cork was by the expansive power of the confined air violently driven out-struck her directly in her eye, and deprived her of its eight. The other eye providentially remiune uninjured, CARDIFF SAVINGS BANK.—Oct. 18th. 184.5. Deposits received, £109 Os. Od. ditto paid, £Ð6 10s. Od. num- ber of depositors, 36. PKDESTRIANISM.—The following was last week sent to ns for insertion A foot-race of 300 yards came oft on Monday last at Canton, near Cardiff, between John Gronow, and the servant of the Three Cranes, for £5 iside. Gronow had five yards at starting, but after a well.contested race, his opponent came in the winner by twoyards. Thewinnerisnowreadytorunanymanin South Wales any distance, from 100 yards to half a mile, for from £ 10 to £25 a-side or, he will run John Davies, alias the Lame Chicken,' one mile for £25 a-side-the race to take place between home and home." CARDIFF POLICE, THURSDAY*.—[Before Henry Morgan, Esq., and the Rev. Thomas Stacey.]— John Davies, pilot, was convicted in the penalty of 5s., exclusive of costs, for assaulting Mr. Williams, landlord of the Sea Lock Hotel, on Thursday last, by biting him on his knee: in default of payment to be imprisoned for seven days: paid.— [Monday's proceedings will be found in our fourth page.] IMPORTANT TO PILOTS AND MASTER MARINERS.— David Morse, pilot, was on Thursday week convicted at our police court, in the penalty of 40s. and costs, for having taken a vessel into the cut leading to the Bute Docks after the signal for entering had been hauled down in default of payment to be imprisoned for ten days. CARDIFF MARKET, OCT. 18.—Beef, 6d. to 7d.; mutton a;ul lamb, 6jd. to 7d.; veal, Gd. to 7d.; pork, 6d. to 7d.; geese, 3s. Ud. to 4s. 6d. each; ducks, 3s. to 4s. per couple; fowls, 2s. 6d. to 3s. per couple; fresh butter, Is. 2d. per lb.; salt ditto, Is. ld. per lb.; cheese, 65J. to 7d. per Lb. eggs, lOd. per doz. j common nuts, 8d. per qr.; potatoes, white, 6s.; ditto, red, 7s. Hd. per sack. SUICIDE AT DINAS.—An inquest was held at Dinas, on the 21st inst., before Dr. Vachell, on the body of John Williams, aged 66, who put an end to his life on Sunday hst, in a very determined manner. It was stated in evi- dence that the deceased was a tailor by trade—that his habits were drunken, and that he was subject to fits of depression of spirits after indulging himself in this way, but had not shown any other indication of unsound mind. For the last few months he had been without any settled home, but had lived from house to house among the neighbours. Towards the end of last week he went to lodge with a widow of the name of Mary John, living at Dinas, who left him in the house when she went with her son to chapel on Sunday afternoon. On their return they found that the deceased had hung himself in a room up- stairs by a rope, which he had fastened across a beam. A blunt razor, marked with blood, was found in the room below and it appeared, from a few superficial scratches on his neck, that after making some slight efforts at self- destruction in that manner, he had gone upstairs and ter- minated his existence by hanging himself. The jury returned a verdict to the effect that the deceased had been found hanging," but that there was not sufficient evi- dence to show his state of mind at the time. ODD FELLOWSHIP.—On Monday evening last, a spe- cial general meeting of the Castell Caerdydd" lodge took place in the spacious lodge-room at the Red Cow Inn. The attendance was numerous and respectable, the room being densely crowded. After the usual routine business had been duly discharged, Brother Whitlock Nicholl, of Adamsdown, in the name and on behalf of this lodge, presented to Brother H. J. Paine, surgeon, a massive and elegantly-wrought silver snuff-box, in testimony of their deep regard and their high sense of the ability and zeal with which he so excmplarily discharged his duties as surgeon of the lodge. Previous to handing the box to Brother Paine, Brother Nicholl rose, and, amidst the most intense silence, addressed him in a very admi- rable speech, which we regret to find we have no room to insert at full length. After alluding in general terms to the pleasure which it gave him to be the instrument of carrying into effect the wishes of this important lodge, Brother Nicholl said he would take the liberty of address- ing a few words to the gentleman who was the present object of the brethren's gratitude. First, with regard to his abilityThere were many present who knew less of him than he (Brother Nicholl) did and possessing, as he did, rather an extensive knowledge of Brother Paine, he could safely state that in selecting him for this mark of their honour the brethren had selected a gentleman who was highly qualified to fulfil the onerous duties of the office which he heid in the lodge. (Cheers.) In that selection they had not been disappointed and he should probably be excused if he brought forward a few instances in which brother Paine had clearly proved him- self to be a most accomplished and skilful member of the profession to which he belonged. (Cheers.) A person who ha,1 some time ago laboured under a most dangerous disease of the eyes, which threatened to deprive him of his sight, proceeded to Bristol to consult some of the most eminent oculists of that ancient city. Various remedies and means of relief were tried in vain, and the patient returned unimproved in health to Cardiff. (Hear.) One of his friends urged him to consult Mr. Paine. He did so. Mr. Pain immediately said I will give your case my best attention, but can say no more." He did give the case his best attention, and happily for the patient he succeeded in restoring him to sight. (Im- mense cheering.) Brother Nicholl then proceeded to mention other cases in which brother Paine had evinced great surgical skill, and then said I think I have proved to you that he has abilities: the question now is, will he or has he exerted those abilities for the good of the brotherhood generally1? All say 'Yes.' But if he do bis duty and go to the utmost of his engagement, well has he done more than his duty 1 Yes, he has done more upon many occasions. That kind feeling which he possesses, and which actuates his conduct, induces him not only to give attention to all the brotherhood, but also to give the kindest attention to their famiiies. (Great cheering.) Yes, he has given the closest attention to the infirmities of many poor families where he has not had the remotest chance of receiving any remuneration, except the payment which his own ap- proving conscience bestowed." (Repeated cheers.) Brother Nicholl went on at considerable length with his eulogy of Brother Paine, receiving in his progress the hearty cheers of the brethren, and concluded by reading the inscription upon the box, which we give PRESENTED To H. J. P,\}NB, ESQ., by the Officers and Brethren of the Castell Caerdydd Lodge I O. F. M. U. <> As a small but sincere token of gratitude for his steady and valuable Services rendered to the Lodge. A. u. 1845. Brother Nicholl then handed the box to Brother Pain?, and the whole company rose and gave three enthusiastic cheers. After the cheering had in some manner subsided, Brother Paine rose to address the brethren. He thanked them warmly for this mark of their approval of the course he had pursued. He had endeavoured to do his du'y towards them, and he wa* happy to perceive that he had succeeded in giving satisfaction. He referred to many positions of difficulty in which he was often placed, and which sometimes called for the indulgence of his brethren of the Order; but he assured them that it was ever his firmest wish to serve them efficiently. He referred to the number and circumstances in life of the majority of those who had subscribed towards purchasing tho box, and assured them he would prize it as his greatest trea- sure to the very last moment of his existence. Through- out his speech he was repeatedly applauded by the brethren, who seemed to regard him in the light of a firm, an untiring benefactor and friend. We took the most copious notes of his excellent address, as well as of that delivered by Brother Nicholl, but the great pressure upon our columns this week will not, we regret to find, permit us to notice the interesting proceedings of the evening at greater length. The box was provided by Br. Mark Marks. Addresses were delivered in the course of the evening by P. G. Mathias, P. C. S. Marks, and some others. IMPORTANT TO ODD FELLOWS. —At one of the prin- cipal and wealthiest lodges of the western parts of this county, citcumstances very recently came to light which showed that the actuary, hitherto supposed to be a man of unblemished integrity, had been for a considerable period carrying on a system of wholesale fraud, by which sums were abstracted from the funds to an incalculable amount. The officer in question, as is the case of all lodges, re- ceived the contributions of the members—entered the sums so received upon the lodge books, and also upon the members' cards, which they retain in their possession. It was accidentally discovered that this man was in the habit of entering the sums so received correctly upon the cards, but incorrectly upon the books. The person who made the discoveiy witched him, and found that in nu- merous instances he had been guilty of the grossest prac- tices. For example, if A. B. paid in 4s. üd., that sum would be correctly entered upon the card, but probably Is. 9d. only would be entered upon the books of the lodge. A general meeting was suddenly called, and the culprit was taxed with his shameful practices. He said —" I know nothing about it; there are the books, you may examine them." It was then found that he had destroyed all the books with the exception of the one in use, from which, however, it appeared that his plunder during the last twelve months amounted to up- wards of sixty pounds! How long the unprincipled fellow had been battening upon the savings of the mem- bers, who are chiefly of the working classes, it is impos- sible to say; but there seems to be no question but that by his nefarious practices the lodge has been robbed to the extent of some hundreds. In other respects, this lodge has been unfortunate, as a treasurer, whom t ,ey were foolish enough to appoint, used them very ill. The members have at length opened their eyes, and are taking steps to prevent a recurrence of such irregularities. Other lodges will do well to profit by the lesson, and to trust to no man. An honest officer will prefer having the most stringent checks put in force it is he only who is dishonestly inclined that will object. THE GREAT EUROPEAN RAILWAYS' COMPANY.— Among the numerous, indeed, almost unlimited number of projects for new lines of railway which are now before the public, and other proposals for the judicious and profitable investment of capital, the above Company comes forwaid with a most comprehensive scheme for undertaking the completion and working of all the pro- posed Continental lines, as also a full and elaborate esta- blishment of railways in our Colonial possessions. It is proposed that whenever a grant for a railway has been secured by the successful negociation of this"Company, such grant shall be constituted a separate and distinct Company the holders of shares in the original Companv to be entitled to a pro rata proportion of the shares in every new Company formed by the obtainment of further concessions. A body of directors is to be chosen, not only well-known for their individual wealth and standing in society, but as men of sound practically scientific views. A portion of such directors, accompanied by a well-appointed and efficient engineering staff, will visit the various localities where railways are required, leport on the nature of the soil, population, the requirement of means of traffic, and every circumstance connected with the full developement of the subject. Daily, as proposals for the investment of capital ate being made in railways in the United Kingdom, they are not sufficient to meet the enormous hoard of wealth which still remains to be pouted into the lap of speculation and a Company such as this, formed from among the most wealthy and ex- tensively connected of our merchant princes, our fund- holders, and larpe land proprietors, will have resources at hand which will enable them to undertake the most gigantic projects in the shape of railway communication, and secure to the sharenolders a latge returu for the capital invested. At present only a preliminary an. nouncement h is appeared but, we understand, a pro- spectus will shortly be issued, with a powerfu! list of diicctois, a complete detail of the bankers, solicitors, engineers, &c., wh;ch will be to mrrv ont so extensive a scheme, when we shall devote some consider- able attention and space in our columns for the full con- sideration of this highly important subject.— The Mining Journal. The Steam Times and R.iihvay Gbbe (size of the Double Times), Price 61. stamped, is published every Tuesday, Thursday, anil Saturday morning, at Six o'clock, in time for the early mails. ery valuable and exclusive channels of Railway information are open to this Jour- nal, which contains the closing prices of the previous day's Share Market in all the great Commercial towns of England, with the latest reports of Railway Meeting, &c.^ No. t. of Saturday last, contained a Supplement. Office for Advertisements, 28*2, Strand, London.

MERTHYR AND NEIGHBOURHOOD. W. lhompson, Esq., M.P., has qualified as a magis- trate for the county of Westmorland. An attempt was made on Monday to establish a new fair in Merthyr; and, with the view of attracting young- sters, a man endeavoured to get up some rustic "sports, &c. We believe the affair was a failure. MERTHY'R LITERARY INSTITUTE.—A correspondent writes—" You are in error in supposing that ladies are excluded from the meetings of this institution we hail their presence with feelings of the liveliest gratitude." RAtLWAY TRAVELLING EXTRAORDINARY. — Mr. Hemer, superintendent of police, Merthyr District, left Newcas- tle-upon-Tyne, at 5h. 3')m. Monday morning last, with a prisoner whom he had apprehended there, and at 9 o'clock same night he was in Bristol with his charge, having travelled through four cities and 300 miles of railway. Having rested a few hours at Bristol, he again took his departure at 5 o'clock in the morning bv the Prince of Wales steamer, and arrived safely in Merthyr Tydvil at 10b. 15m., A.M., Tuesday morning, having travelled 356 miles in the short space of little more than 20 hours, including nearly 100 stoppages. What would his grandfather have thought of this t There are few routes where you have to pass through five cities as in this instance, viz., Durham, York, Gloucester, Bristol, and Llandaff. MEKTHYR PETTY SESSIONS.—Wednesday, Oct. 15th.- Before T. W. Hill, Esq.—Elizabeth Powell and Margaret Rees were charged with assaulting Ann Llewelyn, (all married women), on the 3rd inst. Fined Is. each and to pay the costs between them. OwenPugh and Geo. Graham were charged by Evan Evans, landlord of the Cambrian, with an assault on the 5th inst. Discharged. Ed.card Williams was charged with deserting his wife and child, 011 the 26th of July last, by which they became chargeable to the parish of Merthyr. Mr. Superintendent Hemer sworn :—" I went with the warrant to Newcastle-upon- Tyne, and there apprehended the defendant on Saturday morning last, and brought him back to Merthyr on Tuesday morning." He was severely reprimanded by his worship, and committed to Cardiff House of Correc- tion for one month, there to be kept to hard labour. William John, boatman, was charged with obtaining money under false pretences, in order to defraud Jenkin Thomas. Jenkin Thomas sworn:—"I am a master boatman. Defendant has been in my service as a boat- man, plying between Cardiff and Merthyr, or Cardiff and Aberdare. While in my employ, he took one of my boats and went to Mr. Thomas Howells. manager of Craig Colliery, where he had coal. and took two trips to Cardiff, for which he obtained £3 4s. My name was not on the boat at the time. He did not give me the money, neither did he come to my employ after that day." — Margaret Jenkins sworn :—" I am the wife of Daniel Jenkins, and keep the White Hart. I saw defendant on the 6th inst. he came to our house about middle day, and brought a paper with him from Mr. Howells, the manager, for pay- ment of £3 4s. We are in the habit of paying wages to workmen on receiving tickets signed by Mr. Howells. I gave the money to defendant."—Mr. Thomas Howells sworn: — Defendant name to me with a boat, (No. 5), which had not the name of the owner upon it. I asked him whose boat it was, and he said he had hired it for a certain period. He had two trips of coal, which he de- livered safely at Cardiff. I did not know that the boat was Jenkin Thomas's, nor that the defendant was in his employ. -Committed for trial. CYFARTIIFA. — The colliers and miners renewed their application to Robert Thompson Crawshay, Esq., on Monday for an advance of wages. They founded their claim on the advance which had lately taken place in the price of provisions and in the price of iron. They were informed that they might expect an answer on Thursday, the nature of which will, we trust, be given in our next. DOWLAIS WORKS.—In writing of these works a cor- respondent observes :—" The Dowlais workmen are paid on Saturday morning at nine o'clock — an arrangement which must prove most convenient for their families. An extension of these works is in progress." The potato crop on the hills is, we regret to state, much damaged by the strange disease with which this useful esculent has been so extensively visited. DOWLAIS MARKET, SATURDAY, OCT. 18.—Yeal, 6d. to 7d. Mutton, 5d. to Oct.; Beef, 4^d. to 7d.; Lamb, 6d. to Gjd. Butter, salt, ll±,d. to Is., fresh, Is. 3d. per II>. i Potatoes, 12 to 15 lb. for 6d. Geese, 8d. per Ib. Fowls, 2s. 4d. to 2s. 8d. per couple Pork, 8s. 6d. to 9s. per score Turnips, jd. per Ib. Eggs, 6d. per doz. Nuts, 6d. per quarter; Apples, I s. to 3s. per huudred Peas, 4d. to Is. per ditto Onions, Id. per Lb.; Cabbages, of which there were plenty of prime ones ill the eastern corner, Id. to 2d. each. GREAT PLOUGHING MATCH.—COWBRIDGE.—This match came off on Tuesday last, in a field at Tvnycaia, at the bottom of the old Stalling Down road. Mr. Powell, of Boverton, and Mr. Whapham, of Boulston, and the farm-bailiff at Hensol Castle, were the judges. The first prize, £ 3, was adjudged to William David, ploughman to J.Bruce Pryce, Esq., of Duffryn; 2nd prize, £ 2, to Henry Thomas, son of Thomas Thomas, Tydraw, Llan- trithyd; 3rd prize, £1. to James Howard, servant to Llewelyn Price, St. Nicholas.— To Ploughmen under 201 years of age: 1st prize, £2, to Miles Miles, ploughman to Mrs. Eagleton, Llantrithyd; 2nd ditto. £1. to John David, son of John David, Stembridge. Large crowds assembled—the day was most propitious, and the work done uuiversally considered most excellent. MAESTEG. — A change has recently occurred in the police of this place. P.C. John John has gone to Lantwit Major, and a new man has this beat. The figure" 2," seems peculiar to Maesteg, the former officer was No. \2, while the present is No. 2. John John did his arduous duties in this populous place very well, and gave much satisfaction to the respectable portion of the Inhabitants of the parish in this rcspect it is hoped No. 2 may be his double." SWANSEA SAVINGS BANK.—Oct., lIth 184.5. Deposits received, £ 264 15s. 3d.; ditto paid, £ !38 4s. 6d.; notices to withdraw, £49 43. ud. Manager, Mr. Martin Bevan. Oct., 18th 1845. Deposits received, JE407 9s. lid.; ditto paid, £,j3.> 6s. 4d. notices to withdraw, JE290 4s. td. Manager, Mr. J. T. Grove. E—■ H ——MIIIMMM—■———

MOTMOUTHSHlia The corporation of Newport having obtained permission from the Lords of the Treasury to dispose, of a part of their property, the Old Cooper's Shop and Engine House, near 10 the Steam Packet Inn, was offered for sale on Saturday week, by Mr. Partridge, and after a spirited op- position, was knocked down at £230 to Mr. Bebell. By the report of the amount of traffic between Newport and Bristol by the screw steamer, we are told that upwards of 1850 passengers were conveyed to and from this port by those boats daring the week, ending the 4th instant. It is currently reported that the Old Steam-Packet Co. have determined to put a new steamer upon the station, between Newport and Bristol, in addition to those already plying, and that they will run to and from the Bathurst Basin in the above city. We shall then have Old Bristol Packets besides three Liverpool boats, and the one in- tended to convey stock to and from our market. Ou Tuesday last, the Members of the Carpenters' Arms Union Society held their anniversary, and which was well attended, and the evening spent harmoniously. A new building society is about to be formed at New- port, and we are told that the shares are nearly all taken. We shall refer to the subject again after the first meeting, which will he held very shortly. There is a demand for all sorts of vessels at Newport, and freights have consequently advanced rapidly. Newport Tows HALL. Thursday, Oct. 17.-[Present. Thos. Hawkins, and Thos. Hnghes, Esqrs.] — Thomas Roberts Was charged with assaulting P.C. Bath, and was fiued 40s. and costs,or, in default of payment, two months' imprisonment for assaulting Bath. He was also senteuced to a month's hard labour for begging and after the ex- piration of the foregoing sentence to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for six weeks for contempt of court.— Ann Price, charged with obstructing the foot-path, was discharged. Henry Dele. draper, charged with leaving g"ods on the foot-path and obstructing the way, was fined 10s. and costs. MONDAY, Oct. 20.-[Present, the Mayor, Thos. Hawkins, and Thos. Hughes, Ksqrs.]— Wm. Handford, landlord of the Blue Anchor, was ch irged with keeping a disorderly house. Case dismissed on paying the costs.— Wm. Milford and George Hall, were charged with stealing £2 from Eliza Hanbrey. Dis- charged. — Henry Chessel was charged with having em- bezzled 17s., the property of John Harris. Committed for trial.—Thos. Parsley was charged wiiti keeping a dis- orderly beer house, called The Caledonian.' Dismissed. THURSDAY, Oct. 23.—[Present, the Mayor and I hos. Hawkins, Esq.]—Benjamin Gollici, was charged with stealing nine sovereigns, five shillings, and halfpenny from John Rudman, dealer in fish, ( ross-strett. Committed for trial. Thomas James, was charged with stealing wearing apparel from David Evaos, mariner, belonging to the ship 'Margaret. Committed for trial.— Wm. Richards was charged with assaulting Ann Pariy. Ordered to enter into recognizances to keep the peace for the term of six months and to pay the costs of the pro- ceeJings, which amounted to £ l,—The complaint of Pris- cilh Richards against Anne Parry wa* discharged.

BRiMttsiiiar. BRECON. WHOLESALE ROBBERY.—On Moiiiiaj mglT^ last the hot-houses of Mrs. Mo-ice. Ffrwdgrpch, near Rrecoti, were entered, and an immense quantity of grapes carried away. This offence was rendered more atrocious by the wilful damage done to the vines in plucking the bunches of grapes rudely from the plants. The mo.t strenuous exertions of our able police have been used i:i endeavouring to ascertain the perpetrators of this most iniquitous proceeding and the difficulty of exposing a quantiry of grapes for sale, without detection, g'vcs us great hopes of their succeeding in findinir the villains. TIIE WEATHER, so necessarily associated w:th the H ARVEST, has been most favourable for sume days past; a lucky event for the small hdl-farmr-'s, who have now a capital opportunity of completing their harvest. The loss sustained by some in consequence of the late miser- able weather must be distressing: and how, many of the poor cieaiuies, already hardly able to make both ends meet, can make a stand against the anticipated in- crease in prices, is a subject that requires serious delibe- ration. Another and much larger class have likewise suffered, from the deterioration of their potato crops; the failute 01 this esculent, which has no^v become of so much importance to the labouring population, will no doubt affect very much the pecuniary means of this class. Desponding indeed are the tones in which the approach- ing winter is spoken of by all parties in this part of the country. BRECON PoncE.—The high state of efficiency at which our police have arrived, is amply shown in the fact that but two cases have been before the borough magistrates in three weeks. We hope so good an example will be long continued in this our now quiet little town.

RAILWAYS. To the Editor of fhe Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian. Sir,-I have been so struck with some observations which I have heard, and some experiments which I have witnessed to-day in the metropolis, on the atmospheric principle, as applied to railways, that in the present state of railway affairs, and bearing as their formation and establishment do upon our immediate district, I will take leave to address you on this all-engrossing subject. I will premise what I am about to offer, by saying, that I am not, to the extent of a single share, a railway proprie- tor and that beyond the attendance and moving a reso- lution at a public meeting, having for its object the im- provement of our neighbourhood, I have not identified myself with a single scheme or speculation. I say thus much, not at all intending to reflect on others, but to shew that at least I have no private nor personal object to serve, in the observations I am about to offer you but that I offer them solely with a view to awaken a. careful consideration of the principle of construction, upon which those channels of communication may be hereafter established, which are destined to exert so great an influence over our future safety and convenience. After all I have seen to-day, I am confirmed in the opinion that the atmospheric principle, as applied to rail- ways, is the proper one, and I found my opinion on the grounds of 1st Safety I 3rd Precis ion 2nd Economy j 4th Convenience First as to Safety.-I will not alarm your readers by a recitation of the number of accidents which are recounted in a parliamentary document published in March last, and the number of which, since March, has been increased to a frightful extent. These accidents have occurred chiefly through collisions, which on an atmospheric rail- way are impossible. Second, as to Economy. The deep cuttings and embankments, rendered necessary by the Locomotive system, may be greatly diminished by easier gradients being available. The cost of working Stationary, in comparison with Locomotive engines, is vastly less, as well in wear and tear, as in the use of coal as a fuel, in- stead of coke and the cost of maintenance and repair of the rails and permanent way, must be enormously les- sened by the absence of the necessity for locomotive engines with their tenders, weighing some 40 or 45 tons, travelling along them, the only weight to which the rails, &c. of an. Atmospheric Railway are subjected being that of the carriages and trucks, weighing perhaps 8 tons. Third, as to Precision. The Atmospheric principle being founded, if I may so speak, on a Law of Nature, a common regard to the observance and adaptation of that Law must ensure the most perfect precision, free from risk or danger of derangement. Fourth, as to Convenience. The motion is steady and uniform, free from jolting and oscillation the puffing of steam and screech of whistles are not required the rattling of chains and the grating of sprags are alike unneeded. Such are a few of the advantages of the atmospheric principle, a brief description of which, and of its applica- tion to railways, may not be uninteresting to your general readers and, in giving it, I will leave you and them to apply the description to the grounds of preference, which I have assigned to it. It is a fact, or Law of Nature, that the pressure of the atmosphere, or weight of air, upon and around every ob- ject, is to the extent of 15 pounds on every square inch of the surface of that object. Upon this law, the whole principle of atmospheric pressure and exhaustion is found -d. The existence of this fact was unknown to some, and denied by otheis, of our earlier philosophers, and Galileo was the first, I believe, who maintained and incontrovertibly proved it. It may easily be shown, as applied to fluids and solids, by the following simple expe- riments Fluids boil when the elastic pressure of the vapours they exude becomes equal to the pressure of the atmosphere. If, while water is boiling, you close the vessel which contains it, so that the steam cannot escape, however hot and scalding it may become over a fierce fire, it will not boil or bubble but, remove the vessel from the fire, and immerse it iI. culd water, the steam in the empty part of the vessel will become condensed, and the pressure of the atmosphere being prevented, the water will, though removed from fire, boil and bubble freely. Again, if you will hang up a thin cylindrical tin or cop- per vessel, closed at the top and bottom, and by means of the air pump exhaust or pump out the air from the interior, the moment the air is so pumped out, the vessel will collapse by the pressure of the atmosphere on and around it, and be crushed and compressed into a shape- less mass in a moment. An Atmospheric Railway is constructed with rails in the ordinary fashion: but, between the rails & all along the permanent way, a tube is placed, attached to and connected with which are valves and pistons of ingenious but simple construction, by means of which the process of exhausting or pumping out the atmospheric air and thus annihilating its pressure, and creating a vacuum within the tube, and afterwards of re-admitting the air with its full force and pressure is effected. A tube of between 15s inches and 18 inches in diameter may be exhausted by engines of adequate power, at a distance of 3i miles apart the tube being exhausted so as to present a vacuum, the leading carriage on the railway is attached to an apparatus placed within the tube, behind which, or at the rear, the air is admitted with its full pressure, and all forwards', or ahead, in the tube, being a vacuum and nothing to resist it, the apparatus rushes forward at a rate of force and velocity propor- tioned to the size of the tube and the weight of the train or carriages. I have to-day seen a miniature carriage with one hundred weight placed 0:1 it, attached to a tube of an inch in diameter, and carried along at full 3t) miles an hour, while, with a tube of 18 inches in. diameter, a weight of 45 tons is carried along at full 35 miles an hour. I need not tell your readers that Sarnuda is the hero of the atmospheric principle in the present 1$%—he is fast bringing to perfection a means of transit alld-comeyance which Medhurst, in 1810, and Valance subsequently, failed in rendering available. He is entitled to the highest praise and credit; his principle is being tested by practice on the Croydon Railway, and on the Kingston railway in Ireland I hope we shall see it tested and perfected also in South Wales. I really have written this iu the midst of hurry and confusion; if you think it worth a. place in the GUARDIAN, pray use it.-I am. Sir, your obedient Servant, THOS. W. BOOKER. Parthenon Club, Regent Street, London, October 16th, 1845.

BIRTHS. Oct. 17, at Wenvoe Rectory, in this county, Mrs. Henry Lee, of a 80n, Oct. 18, at Llanarth Cottage, Newport, Monmouthshire. Mrs, J. Gough, of twins. MARRIAGES. Oct. 22, at St. John's Church, Cardiff, by the Rev. T. Stacey, M.A., Mr. Edward Hopkins, Superintendent of Police, Newport, to Martha, youngest daughter of Mr, W. Vaughan. late serjeant of the Royal Glamorgan Militia. Oct. 21, at Merthyr Church, by the Rev. J. C. Campbell, M.A., Vicar, Auley McAuley, Esq., C.E., lo Miss A. Treharne, Ynvs-y-gored, the eldest daughter of the late John Treharne, E-sq., Merthyr. Oct. 18. at Neath Church, (by License," by the Rev. II, II. Knight, Mr. James Jame3. general dealer at Vnj sceawiu, near Swansea, to Miss Caroline Eastaway Thomas, of Neath. Oct. 18, at Neath Church, by the Rev. H. H. Knight, Mr. Thomas Lang, to Miss Mary Ann Harris, both of Neath Parish. Oet, IS, at Lantwit Church, near Neath, by the Ilev, D. Jeffreys, Mr. William John, to Miss Margaret Hopkins, bilh of the said Parish. Oct, 19, at Neath Church, by the Rev. D. Jeffreys, »Ir.Thomas Harris to Miss Elizabeth Treharne. bothot Neath Parish. Oct. 20, nt Neath Church, by the Rev, D. Jeflroys, Mr. Edwin Jones, to Miss Marv Ann Lord, both of Neath. Oct. 11- at St. Mary's Church, Abergavenny, by the Rev. W. Powell, vicar. Mr. Richard Rees, printer, to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Mr. Towell. tanner, both of that town. Oct. 14, at St. Mary's Church, Monmouth, by the Rev. Geo Roberts, vicar, Mr. John James, ironmonger, to Mary Ann. eldest daughter of Mr. B. Green, Fount.dn Inn, both of that town. Oct. 18 by the Rev. Richard Davies, M.A., James Bramwell, of Whitehall-place, sq., son of the late John Bramwell, Esq., of Selside, Kendal, and nephew of Alderman Thompson, M.P. for the county of VV estmoreland, to Sybal Selby, daughter of J aiues Renshaw, of West Heath House, Erith, Kent, Esq. Oct. 18, at Ebeneser Chapel, Cardiff, Mr. Jenkin David, farmer, Lancarvan, Margaret, daughter of Mr. R. Mumford, steward, Lantrvthed -this being the 100th wedding solemnized in this chapel. 0 DEATHS. At St. Nicholas, on the 17th instant, William Jonas Watson, Esq., Mayor of Cardiff, aged 50 years. Oct. 18, atNeath, Elizabeth, daughter of Mr. Richard Walters, chandler, aged 16 years. Oet. 18. at Neath, Thomas, son of Mr. Samuel Jones, groccr, aged 1 year. Oct. 19, at Neath, Anna, daughter of Mr. John Pearson, currier, aged 11 years. Oct 12, at the Six Bells Inn, Brecon, Miss Hannah Smith, of Brilley, in the county of Hereford. Oct. IG. at Pontymoil Farm, Monmouthshire, aged 85. Mrs. George, widow of the late Watkin George, Esq., formerly of Cytarthfa Irou Worksia this county, and afterwards of I)ont. pool.