The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette

tlacinn THE KINGS O V THE SOIL. [;:Y E. II. r.L'BRiXGToN.] L f,bd;. sin will nestle below a crest, And crime below a cro-,N-n,- As good hearts beat 'neath a fustian vest, As under a golden g-own. Shall tales be told of the chiefs who sold Their sinews to crush and kill, And never a word be sting or heard Of the men who reap and till I bow in thanks to the sturdy throng Who greet the young morn with toil, And the burden I give my earnest song Shall be this-The Kings of the Soil! Then sing for the kings who have no crown, But the blue sky o'er their head Never sultan or dey had such power as they To withhold or to offer bread Proud ships may hold both silver and gold, The wealth of a distant strand; But ships would rot, and be valued not, Were there none to till the land. The wildest heath, the wildest brake, Are rich as the richest fleet, For they feed the glad birds when they wake, And give the beasts to eat. And with willing hand, amI spade. and plough, The gladdening hour shall come, When that which is called the waste land" now Shall ring with the" Harvest home." Then sing for the kings who have no crown But the blue sky their head; Never sultan or dey had such power as they To withhold or to offer bread I envy him whose feet can tread By the com his hand hath sown; When he hears the stir of the yellow reed, It is more than music's tone. There are prophet-sounds that stir the grain When its golden stalks shoot up,— Voices that tell how a world of men Shall daily dine and sup. Then shame, oh shame on the miser creed That doles out praise or pay To the men whose hands make rich the land- For who earn it more than they ? Then sing for the kings who have no crown But the blue sky o'er their head; Never sultan or dey had such power as they To withhold or to offer bread The poet hath gladdened with song the past, And still does he strike the string; But a brighter light on him is cast Who can plough as well as sing. The wand of Burns had a double power To soften the common heart; Since with harp and spade, in a double trade, He shared a common part. Rome lavished fame on the yeoman's name" Who banished her deep distress But had he ne'er quitted the field or plough, His mission had not been less. Then sing for the kings who are missioned all To a toil that is rife with good Never sultan or dey had such power as they To withhold or to offer food! Cincinnatus.

MRS. CAUDLE'S CURTAIN LECTURES. :11115. CAUDLE AT HERXE BAY. Caudle, have you looked under the bed ? What for ? Bless the man Why, for thieves, to be sure. Do you suppose I'd sleep in a strange bed without? Don't tell me its nonsense I shouldn't sleep a wink all night. Not that you'd care for that; not that you wou'd—hush I'm sure I hear somebody. No it's not a bit like a mouse. Yes that's like you laugh It would be no laughing matter if-I'm sure there is somebody I'm sure there is -Yes, Mr. Caudle; now I am satisfied. Any other man would have got up and looked himself; especially after my sufferings on board that nasty ship. But catch you stirring! Oh, no You'd let me lie here and be robbed and killed, for what you'd care. Why, you're not going to sleep! What do you say 1 It's the strange air-and always sleepy in a strange bed ? That shows the feelings you have, after what I've gone through. And yawning, too, in that brutal manner! Caudle, you've no more heart than that wooden figure in a white petticoat at the front 8f the ship. No I couldn't leave my temper at home. I dare say! Because for once in your life you've brought me out-yes, I say once, or two or three times, it isn't more because, as I say, you once bring me out, I'm to be a slave and say nothing. Pleasure, indeed! A great deal of pleasure I'm to have, if I'm to hold my tongue. A nice way that of pleasing a woman. Dear ,-no if the bed doesn't spin round and dance about! got all that filthy ship in my head No: I shan't be well in the morning. But nothing ever ails anybody but yourself. You needn't groan in that way, Mr. Caudle, disturbing the people, perhaps, in the next room. It's a mercy I'm alive, I'm sure. If once I wouldn't have given all the world for anybody to have thrown me overboard What are you smacking your lips at, Mr. Caudle? But I know what you mean-of course, yoird never have stirred to stop not you. And then you might have known tint the wind would have blown to-day; but that's why yon came. Whatever I should have done if it hadn't been for that good sou'—that blessed Captain Large I'm sure all the women who go to Margate ought to pray for him; so attentive in sea-sickness, and so much of a gentleman! How I should have got down stairs without him when I first began to turn, I don't know. Don't tell me I never complained to you-you might have seen I was ill. And when everybody was looking like a bad wax- candle, you could walk about, and make what you call your jokes upon the little buoy that was never sick at the Nore, and such unfeeling trash. Yes, Caudle we've now been married many years, but if we were to live together for a thousand years to come-what are you clasping your hands at!—a thousand years to come I say, I shall never forget your conduct this day. You could go to the end of the ship and smoke a cigar, when you knew I should be ill-oh, you knew it; for I always am. The brutal way, too, in which you took that cold brandy-and-water —you thought I didn't see you; but ill as I was, hardly able to hold my head up, I was watching you all the time. Three glasses of cold brandy-and-water and you sipped 'em, and you drank the health of people you didn't care a pin about whilst the health of your own lawful wife was nothing. The glasses of bran(ly-and-water, and /left—as I may say —alone! You didn't hear 'em, but everybody was crying shame of you. Yv hat do you say ? A good deal my own fault? I took too much dinner ? Well, you are a man If I took more than the breast and the leg of that young goose-a thing, I may say, just out of-the shell with the slightest bit of stuffing, I'm a wicked woman. What do you say! Lobster salad! La!— how can you speak of it ? A month old baby would have eaten more. What? Gooseberry pie 1 Well, if you'll name that, you'll name anything. Ate too much indeed Do you think I was going to pay for a dinner, and eat nothing ? No, Mr. Caudle it's a good thing for you that I know a little more of the value of money than that. But, of course, you were better engaged than attending to me. Mr. Prettyman came on board at Gravesend. A planned thing, of course. You think I didn't see him give you a letter. It wasn't a letter; it was a newspaper ? I daresay ill as I was, I had my eyes. It was the smallest newspaper I ever saw, that's all. But of course a letter from Miss Prettyman Now, Caudle, if you begin to cry out in that manner, get up. Do you forget that you're not at your own house ? making that noise Disturbing everybody Why we shall have the land- lord up And you could smoke" forward" as you called it. What ? You couldn't smoke anywhere else? That's nothing to do with it. Yes forward. What a pity that Miss Pretty- man wasn't with you. I'm sure nothing could be too forward for her. Xo, I won't hold my tongue; and I ought not to be ashamed of myself. It isn't treason, is it, to speak of Miss Prettyman ? After all I've suffered to-day, and I'm not to open my lips! Yes; I'm to be brought away from my own home, dragged down here to the sea-side, and made ill; and I'm not to speak. I should like to know what next. a mercy that some of the dear children were not drowned; not that their father would have cared, so long as he could have had his brandy and cigars. Peter was as near one of the holes as- It's no such thing It's very well for you to say so, but you know what an inquisitive boy he is, and how he likes to wander among steam-engines. No, I won't let you sleep. What a man you are What? I've said that before That's no matter; I'll say it again. Go to sleep, indeed ? as if one could never have a little rational conversation. No, I shan't be too late for the Margate boat in the morning; I can wake up at what hour I like, and you ought to know that by this time. n A miserable creature they must have thought me in the ladies' cabin, with nobody coming down to see how I was, You came a dozen times? iNo, Caudle, that won't do. I know better. You never came at all. Oh, no cigars and brandy took all your attention. And when I was so ill, that I didn't "know a single thing that was going on about me, and you never came. Every other woman's husband was there-ha! twenty times. And what must have been my feelings to hear 'em tapping at the door, an,l making all sorts of kind inquiries- something lifce husbands !-and i was left to be ill alone Yes; and you want to get me into an argument. You want to know, if 1 was so ill that I knew nothing, how could I know that you come to the cabin-door That's just like your aggravating way but I'm not to be caught in that manner, Caudle. No," It is very possible," writes Caudle, that she talked two hours more but happily, the wind got suddenly up-the waves bellowed — and, soothed by the sweet lullaby (to say nothing of the Dolphin's brandy-and-water) I somehow feU asleep, Punch.

CURIOSITl- Curiosity is inherent in man; and, in some measure, accompanies every degree of the human understanding, and every modification of the mind. From the philosopher to the peasant, scarcely any one is found who is not desirous of information on one subject or another; but this curiosity is directed to different objects in different minds, in proportion to their degrees of elevation, or the extent of their previous im- provements. That great colossus of literature and moral phi- losophy, Dr. Johnson, says —" Curiosity is one of the most permanent and certain characteristics of a vigorous intellect;" and again, Curiosity is, in great and generous minds, the first passion and the last; and, perhaps, always predominates in pro- portion to the strength of the mental faculties." These are the encomiums which that great observer of the human mind be- stows on this passion but, with all deference to so respectable an authority, the praise is, perhaps, rather due to the direction which it takes than to the passion itself; for curiosity may be directed to the most insignificant as well as the most important objects. The uncultivated peasant confines his inquiries to the affairs of his own parish while the man of a more improved understanding, and more extensive views, directs his attention to the affairs of the world at large, and is desirous of informa- tion relative to subjects which interest mankind in general-the schemes of politicians, the stratagems of war, the fluctuations of commerce, and the progress of arts, sciences, or literature. This active curiosity of man may be gratified in many different ways; but no gratification can ever satisfy it. The traveller who goes to visit a strange country, on ascending every emi- nence, amuses his mind in the expectation of the prospect he shall enjoy from the summit; but on gaining his point, his curi- osity is so far from being extinguished by gratification, that it operates with redoubled force, and excites his desires to contem- plate the landscapes which lie beyond his view; and which, he expects, will yet diversify the scene, and amuse him in his fur- ther progress. In like manner, the man of a cultivated under- standing, while he investigates the wonders of art or the phenomena of nature, finds his curiosity continually excited by new objects and the village gossip, who turns her thoughts to nothing further than the domestic concerns of her neighbours, finds her curiosity as strongly and incessantly excited by the "whispers of scandal, and the trifling concerns of the neighbour- hood, as does the philosopher who directs his attention to the XBost' Important and interesting phenomena of the physical, jagral,.SHirt intellectual world,— Bigland, H"

f&tgcrUattmi#* The Canadian papers report the wkcat-crop throughout the colony to be a 'air average." Fiesh salmon has been imported to London in ice from Holland and pease have been sent from France. No fewer than filty-ssven candidates have ;nade applica- tion for th Audi'or-hip of the Oxford and Worcester district, while the number of electors is but thirty-eight. The crop of flax this year in Ireland will, it is supposed, produce about :3D,000 tnn", valued at nearly £ 2,000,000, -a sufficient quantity to aftord exportation to France, Belgium, and America. LONGEVITY.—At the county sessions, just hell at Bridgwater, an old .vinnnn aged 10.3 years, from Long Ashton, near I»r istol, gave her evidence in an appeal case. The old lady appeared to be in excellent health. EXTRAORDIN AUY 15 ROOD MARE.—Mr. Ballinger, a farmer, residing at Ahinghall, Gloucestershire, has a mare in his possession which has brought four colts in the space of fifteen months. The mare is fifteen years old. It is genei-aii, thought Parliament will not lie prorogued until the second week in August that it will be impos- sible to get through the public business before that time.— Standard of Friday. THE GREAT BRITAIN STEAM-SUIT. — This magnificent vessel, since her arrival in Liverpool, has been visited by upwards of 18,000 persons. The expressions of delight and astonishment at her stupendous proportions above and below decks were visible on every countenance. It is rumoured in fashionable circles that Mr. Jones, of Glanbrane Park. High Sheriff of Carmarthen, is shortly about to lead to the Hymenial altar the youngand beautiful niece of Lord Campbell, and daughter of Sir George Campbell, of Edenwood, Bart. 0 b The inquest at Hailinhassig, was brought to a close on Tuesday week, by a verdict of "Justifiable Homicide," which exculpates the police from blame, Fourteen of the jury agreed to this verdict, and nine were for a verdict of wilful murder. The Government has recently obtained the ground for a new steam-basin at Portsmouth. It amounts to four acres, and is on the Portsea shore. The tenements on the spot were generally of a very inferior kind. The purchase- money amounted to £ 60,000. FATE OF A PSEUDO KING.—Monsieur Thierry, who attempted to establish himself as an independent sovereign in New Zealand, having disappointed or given umbrage to his barbarous subjects, was recently killed, cooked, and eaten by them at a solemn public banquet. A life Insurance Company has issued a prospectus in which they hold the dangers into which amateur soldier- ship may lead insurers very cheap indeed. "This office assures the lives of persons who may be members of Yeomanry or Volunteer corps, without charging any extra premium thereon." MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENTARY COMMITTEES.—The Times of Friday, has a very humorous article on the labours of honourable M. P,'s in Committees, and very appositely affirms, if the present labours are to be endured for many sessions, the return of members to Parliament will be an equivalent to a committal lor a certain number of years to hard labour. Some days since an infant of six weeks old, belonging to a blacksmith, at St. Remimont (Meurthe), having been left in its cradle in a room, the door of which was open, some pigs entered and entirely devoured it. A child of two years old, which was in another bed in the same room, only escaped a similar fate by the entrance of its mother, whose horror at the scene may be better conceived than described.—Galignani. The facilities for soldiers leaving the army have greatly increased by the "good service warrant." By this war- rant the amount of money for the discharge has been much reduced. After twelve years'service a man may buy his discharge for £ 5; and after fourteen years, in the Infantry, for 6d. a day deferred pension. The privilege, however, is seldom used by the men, who prefer^ serving the lull period of 21 years, when they become entitled to a pension for life. THE PORTLAND YASE.—Mr. Doubleday has at length completed his labours upon the Portland vase, and has accomplished his undertaking in so masterly a manner, that it would defy even the most critical to discover where the vase had been injured. It is said to be the intention of the trustees of the Museum, in order to preserve the vase from future attacks, to keep it in a separate apart- ment, accessible only by tickets. FINE LANGUAGE.—A fashionable lady,^ being inquired of how she liked the dinner at a distinguished party, her reply was-" the dinner was sweet, but my seat was so promote from the nicknacks, that I could not ratify my appetite, and the pickled cherries had such a defect upon my head, that I made a motion to leave the table, but Mr. —— gave me some hartshorn, dissolved in water, which bereaved me." The Medical Gazette states, upon good authority," that there is some prospect of the College of Surgeons throw- ing open the Fellowship, under certain restrictions, to members of twenty years' standing, without examination, and henceforth to give individuals the option of acquiring it by seniority, or at an earlier period by examination. The plan is not yet matured but we are satisfied that it would meet with the approbation of a majority of the fellows as well as the members of the college. It would at once tend to put an end to much of the ill-feeling which the recent conduct of the Council has excited in the profession. AN ORANGE CANARY!—WE must really change the colours of creation, if we must conciliate Popery. On Saturday, (the twelfth of July,) a poor fellow in Mary- bone had his innocent canary out of doors, and was threatened by the rampant papists of the neighbourhood that if it was not taken in, or the poor bird did not cast his feathers, he would be extinguished. The unoffending creature was taken out of the cage; but even the cage was not palatable to Rome. It had harboured a heretic Orange Bird! What a mockery for sensible men to find fault with.— Liverpool paper. CRIMINAL STATISTICS.—A Parliamentary Blue Book has just been issued, containing an account of criminal offenders in England and Wales in the course of last year. It appears that in 1844 the commitments numbered 26,542, which was a considerable diminution compared with the preceding year, when the commitments amounted to 29,591. In 1841, there were 27,760 commitments for trial; in 1842, 31,309 in 1843, 29,591; and in 1844, only 26,542. It would seem that, for the last five years, the numbers have increased, compared with the preceding five years. The commitments for the last five years numbered 142,389, and in the previous five years, 112,804. THE RAILWAY NAPOLEON.—In the Newcastle and Berwick Railway, Mr. George Hudson is returned to the House of Commons as the holder of no fewer than 8,000 shares. Upon each of those shares a deposit of 30s. has been paid, making thus a sum of £ 12,000 actually ex- pended. They are now, however, at a high premium, Mr. Hudson being able to procure in the market at least £ 17 per share premium. Thus he could obtain ES 10s., or more, for every share for which he paid only £1 10s. the profit under this one transaction, consequently, being £ 136,003 upon an outlay of £ 12,000. FATAL EFFECTS OF WEALTH.-Last week an inquest was held at the Jolly Anglers, Kentish-town, on the body of George Carter, aged forty-one, late of 5, Trafalgar- place, Kentisb-town. The deceased bad been originally a stone-mason, and some time ago married a lady having a fortune of E500 a-year. As soon as he became possessed of the wealth he indulged in every excess, was seldom or never sober, and, according to report, would drink thirty glasses of gin before breakfast. A disease of the lungs and liver, and ultimately delirium tremens, were the con- sequence. On last Sunday, while labouring under delirium, he attempted suicide, by inflicting several wounds with a razor on his throat and abdomen. He lingered until Tuesday, when death closed his career. Mr. Mullius, the surgeon, said that he died of a disease of the lungs and liver, and not from the wounds. Verdict— Natural death. Professor Buckland has had for some time in his posses- sion the bones of an animal discovered in a cave. He believes them to be those of the hyena but not being quite certain on the point, we must presume, he bespoke the skeleton of an old hyena, now in the Surrey Zoological Gardens, and which became the property of Mr. Cross more than thirty-six years ago, in order that he may com- pare his bones with those found in the cave. The old hyena is, however, perverse, and will not die to gratify Professor Buckland. The Professor called at the Gardens some short time since to inquire after his subject; he found him alive and healthy, "He may survive myself," said the Professor; and thus it may be that a great geological theory is kept in suspense by the perverse vitality of an old hyena.-Glohe. It is a circumstance worthy of note, that three of the Presidents of the United States, Jackson, Monro, and Polk, have sprung from the same race, the Scottish colonists of the North of Ireland. Jackson certainly exhibited in an eminent degree the strongest and best points of that ancestral character, which presents a sin- gularly happy union of the sterner virtues that distinguish the Scot, with the strong impulses, quick perception, and warm affections of the Irish people. "Washington, Jefferson, Madison, and the Adamses, were of English descent; and in the lives and characters of all, in varying proportions, we can clearly trace the distinctive traits which point to their Anglo-Saxon origin. Van Buren has been the only descendant of the Dutch colonists that has attained the highest honours in the U nion,-New Yorlc Herald. "THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ANYBODY, SOMEBODY, AND NOBODY. Mamma," said Miss Juliana Selina Carolina Languish, "who are these Middletons—any- body?" "Why, my dear, young Middleton joined the hunt last week, and was introduced at the last ball, and keeps a tiger and you know they must be somebody." Yes, mamma, but" 1 can't help thinking that they are only retired-very good sort of people, no doubt-but there is something about them that makes me think they are nobody, after all." "My dear, they must be somebody." "No, mamma; they want to pass for somebody, but, as L everybody knows, there is always a something which tells you directly whether anybody is anybody; but it is not a bit of use for anybody who is nobody to pretend to be Sonnebody. QRATOR. Mr. President, I shall not remain silent, sir, while I have a voice that is not dumb in this assembly. The gentleman, sir, cannot expostulate this matter to any futuie time that is more suitable than cow. He may talk, sir, of the llerculaneum revolutions where republics are hurled into arctic regions, and the works of centuries refrigerated to ashes but, sir, we can tell him, indefatigably, that the consequence multiplied subterranecusly by the everlasting principles contended for thereby, can no more shake this resolution than the roar of Niagara rejuvenate around these walls, or the howl of the midnight tempest conflagrate the marble statute into ice. That's just what I told them." The President fainted,—Boston paper, The sound of anns and tlie cries of death are re-echoed in various quarters ot the globe. Spam has had an in;u;- rection—the Catalans revolting against a military con- scription introduced among -them by modern '• Libera! institutions. If the present Government, however, lias. is in it anv merit, it is in its having managed to keep an efiiVfni I army together: Genera! Conch* inarched round aoout Catalonia dispersing and slaughtering the rebels, ami peace" is restored. COI.LIERY ACCIDENTS. — SINGULAU SUPERSTITION.—IN South Staffordshire, in cases of fatal accident, every man at work in the mine leaves it until the inquest has been held, and the body buried: in some instances, where the are. buried deep under a lall of coal, every ettort is made to rescue the bodies, but no regular work is dote; and, although weeks may elapse before the remain,s are discovered, the pit is left deseited of its usual ocenpants-a mysterious dread preventing old and young from venturing into the -nine the moment, however, the body is consumed to its last resting place, all the woiki-rs return to their usua.l occupations. It is not surprising, considering the occupations and habits of miners, and the solitude aud darkness in which a great portion of loeir lives is passed, that a superstitious dread should possess them on the occasion of any of the fearful visitations to which they are subjected—-the impression on their minds being, that the spirit of ti.e deceased haunts the scene ot his labours until his mortal remains have b-;en consigned to the grave. GRAIN.—A statement of the septennial prices of each kind of grain, as prepared for the purposes of the lithe Commission, in each year from 1835 to 1844 inclusive, has been prepared and printed by order of Parliament, it hence appears that the average prices of wheat, barley, and oats were, during the seven years preceding Christmas, I 9,1. p,,r imperial I)usliel 1835, 7s. 0^d., 3s. 11-jil., and 2s. 9d. per imperial bushel respectively; in the seven years preceding Christinas 1833, 6s. 8jd., 3s. ll'i-i., and 2s. 9d. respectively per imperial bushel; in the seven years preceding Christmas 1837, Gs. C-ld., 3s. 11 jd., and 2s. 8|d. in the seven years pre- ceding Christmas 1838, 6s. (>|d., 3s. Did,. and 2s. 8d.; in the seven years preceding Christmas 1839, 6s. Hd., 3s. lljd., and 2s.9jd.; in the seven years preceding Christmas 1810, Gs. l!*|d., 4s. Id., and 2s. lOll!, in the seven years preceding Christmas 1811, 7s. 3?<1., 4s. 211" and is. 11 J.; in the seven years preceding Christmas,1842, 7s. T^d.,4s. I}d.,&2s. 10JJ.; in the seven years preceding Christmas 1813, 7s. 7'|d., 4s. Olid., and 2s. 9.1d. and in the seven years preceding Christmas 1844, 7s. 7d., 4s. 1-jd., and 2s. 9d. FISH PONDS.—The following curious facts of Natural History may be interesting:—I have two fish ponds sup- plied with water from a lake lull of pike my lower pond is full of trout, and I am desirous of keeping the pike out of it. They can freely run from the lake to the upper pond, but to present their getting into the lower I have placed immediately under the cascade a large chest, with a lid made of wire-work, with a high ledge of wood around it, to prevent the fish leaping off it. By this means, whenever there is a flood in the stream, I catch a quantity of pike. Notwithstanding this precaution, however, I find my lower pond full of pike whenever I drain it off. Last year I found a pike of 5 lbs. weight there, although it was only two years since it had been drained. I was not able to account for this circumstance until yesterday, when I was taking some pike from the wire lid of my chest; I heard a splash close to me in my upper pond, and to my surprise, saw that it was occasioned by a small pike, about six inches in length, that leaped out of the water of the upper pond three feet above the cascade which itcleared, went over my head, and pitched safely in the lower pond, at least six feet beyond my chest. I plainly see that it requires a much higher barrier than is generally supposed to confine fish. This fact explains to me the loss of my fish frequently from my lower pond. — Cavanensis. NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING IRON-The American papers inform us that a Mr. Green, of New Jersey, has made a most important improvement in the manufacture ot iron; by this method, instead of using all pig-iron in the process of puddling, which costs 35 dollars per ton, he employs a large portion oi ore, which costs only 2j dollars 2 per ton, with a portion of pig-iron—effecting a saving in labour and material of 33 per cent., besides producing a better quality of iron. The process by which these advantages are obtained, is evidently a modification of Mr, Clay's patent for the production of iron direct from the ore by the use of anthracite, and is as follolVs :-six tons of pulverised iron ore are mixed with two tons of anthracite coal dust, and the whole poured in at the top of a reverberatory furnace upon the the slag hed below it is then to be worked into a loose granulated mass, and pushed to the furthest end of the hearth four tons of cast pig- iron are then to be introduced, and, when at a white heat, it is to be heaped on the already half fused ore, and worked up into balls, to be treated in the same way as if the whole were pig metal. It is expected the process will enable every furnace to double its make, and of course, to render the metal much cheaper. THE ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY assembled at Shrewsbury, for its summer exhibition. Strangers began to arrive on T-hursrlay week, the last day for receiving implements and machines; but at first the attendance was not altogether so numerous as usual. Of implements, which were opened to the public on Tuesday, there were ninety-two exhibitors, some of them exhibiting as many as sixty or seventy articles each. Among the novelties exhibited may be noticed a plough constructed upon a very singular plan, and denominated an atmospheric plough. It is to be driven, not in the ordinary way by horses, but by the wind; and for this purpose a machine is constructed with sails something like the fanners of a windmill. It was generally understood to work in this way-when the sails are moved round by the wind, they wind up a rope to which the plough is attached, and thus the plough is drawn through the soil. It seemed to excite a great deal more of amusement than of admiration among the spectators. There were the usual ploughing-matches, trials of the implements, and so forth. The cattfe-show opened on Tuesday week. By Wednesday, when the Council-dinner took place, the influx of visitors into the town was much greater: about three hundred gentlemen sat down to the banquet; the Duke of Richmond presided; while Earl Spencer and a number of leading agriculturists surrounded the board. The great public dinner took place on Thursday afternoon week, in a temporary building erected for the purpose on the Quarry. The company was quite as numerous as on all similar occasions; about 1,100 gentlemen sat down to dinner. The Duke ot^ Richmond took the chair, and Lord Portman the vice-chair. WHEN DOES A WOMAN CEASE TO BE A GIRLI — This point was settled a few days ago (July 16th) at Chelmsford. A young (?) woman named Mary Brown brought an action against William Brewer for the breach of his promise to marry her. The plaintiff was the daughter of a beershop- keeper, near Braintree, and the defendant had formerly been a footman and groom, but by the death of a relative he had come into the possession of a considerable sum of money. The plaintiff was 44 years old, and the defendant was not more than 33 but he was perfectly well aware of this disparity between their ages at the time he promised to marry her, and after going so far as to obtain a licence, fix upon the wedding-day, and have all the dresses and the wedding dinner provided, he, without any cause whatever, refused to fulfil his promise, and the plaintiff, therefore, by the advice of her friends, was compelled to adopt the pre- sent proceeding. In the course of the examination of wit- nesses, Mr. Chambers asked a Mrs. Castor, who had said "the plaintiff was a very nice girl, Pray will you tell us when you consider a woman ceases to be a girl?" Witness replied, When she is married, to be sure." This answer was received with "roars of laughter." The jury gave the plaintiff £ 30 damages. SEDUCTION. —On the 17th July, at Chelmsford, an ac- tion was brought by a person named Ewer against a young man named Carter, to recover compensation for what was termed by a fiction of law the loss of his daughter's ser- vices, but in substance it was to obtain damages for an injury committed by the defendant in the seduction of his daughter. The plaintiff had formerly been an extensive farmer at Belcham, but he had retired from business, and at the time of this transaction was living, with his daughter Emma, the subject of the present inquiry, and other mem- bers of his family, at a village called Fox Earth. The defendant was the son of a wealthy farmer in the same village, and be believed he was about 22 years of age. An intimacy had sprung up between the young peop!e, and the defendant was looked upon as her acknowledged suitor, and 110 doubt was entertained of his intentions being honourable. It would appear, however, that he had deliberately planned the seduction and ruin of the plain- tiff's daughter, and in March, 1843, he succeeded in obtaining possession of her person, upon a solemn promise to make her his wife. Theirintimacy continued until the latter end of 1844, when the young woman gave birth to a child, and the defendant then not only refused to perform his promise to marry her, but had the cruelty to make a paltry offer of 5s. a-week for the support of the child. The plaintiff's counsel, after detailing some other circum- stances, concluded a very able and forcible address by saying that the case was entitled to the most serious consi- deration of the jury. A young girl, who up to the time the defendant crossed her father's threshhold was virtuous and happy, and performed all her filial duties, had been disgraced aud ruined. The defendant found his victim virtuous and unprotected he ruined and deserted her Plucked the fair flower and rifled all its sweetness, Then cast her, like a loathsome weed, away," At the early age of 18, in the very dawn of life, before she had felt and known that, man to his fellows oftentimes unjust, was ever so to woman," he had betrayed her, and left her a prey to misery and temptation. At the conclu- sion of the opening speech, various witnesses were exa- mined, whose evidence went to prove that the defendant had behaved excessively ill; and the jury marked their sense of his perfidy by awarding the plaintiff £ 500 damages. SITTING HENS.—Farmers' wives of the old school say, that hens should never be allowed to sit during the season that the blackberry is in blossom. There is an old saw to the same effect which runs thus "Between the sickle and the scythe, "What you rear will seldom thrive." Homely as are the traditionary doggrel proverbs of our ancestors, they were always the result of close observation and good sense and we—in our enlightened times with books, and all appliances to boot," can but corroborate their truth, by proffering the aid of science to expound them. In the present instance, however, no scientific research is necessary in order to prove the correctness of the foregoing observation. Long experience has shown that hens should not be allowed to sit during the month of June and July, because when the young ones are hatched, the season has commenced when that rural torment, the harvest bug, prevails: this minute insect attacks the chickens, covering their tender skin, and in- ducing so great a degree of irritation and fever, that they speedily begin to droop their wings, and die; whole broods we have known to perish at this particular season, and at no other. The period above named, about mid- summer, is precisely that which is indicated io the old saying, ACCIDENT ON THE GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.— Considerable anxiety and alarm prevailed in Um'ol on Friday evening, in consequence of the detention of the 2 o'clock down-train from London, the passengers by which did not reach th.it city till 9 o'clock. fihe deltty was oc- casioned by an accident on the line between Tw?r!oi; and Sal'ford, the following particulars of which have been <jiven by the company's assistant -superintendent, -Ur. Martin A carriage by one of the up timber-trams (one of which is dispatched every other day), ran off tlie up- raii, in consequence of one of the wheels giving way, and rolled over on to the down line. Almost at the same moment the down two o'clock train, drawn by the Mazsppn engine, came along at its usual pace, and before there was time to get the dragaproperiy oil, into the timber carriages. The engine was thrown oif, and a second-class carriage damaged, but none of the other carriages were overturned or injured. rIhe stoker 01 the engine was thrown off, and had his shoulder dislocated and one gentleman, a passenger, received a slight cut over his eye but beyond a shaking, and the alarm which such an occurrence would naturally give rise to, no injury we are assured, was experienced by any of the other passengers. On intelligence of the accident reaching Bristol, Mr. Martin took up a special train of carriages, an 1 brought down the passengers, who arrived at the hour above named. The 5 o'clock train, which should r"aeh Bristol at 9. 45, was delayed till a quarter past 11 o'clock. ON 'i)s. EXCISE DUTY ON SPIRITS, CHANNEL ISLANDS. —-This hill proposes that the1 following duties should be charged on nil spirits of 'he nature or qu ;!ii.y oi plain British spirits, manufactured or distilled in the islands of Guern- sey, Jersev, Aldemey, or Sark, and imported thence into the United Kingdom 9*. per gallon of such spirits of the strength of hydrometer proof, as ascertained by Sykes's hydrometer, inipor'.ed into England, and so in proportion for any greater degree of strength or any greater or less quantity; 4s. 10d. per gallon of such spirits of the like imported into Scotland; and 3s. Gd. per gallon imported into Ireland from any of the said islands. These several countervailing duties are to be under the management of the Commissioners of Excise. Spirits of the nature of plain British spirits, the manufacture of any of the above- mentioned Channel Islands, imported into the Lnited Kingdom, are to be denominated plain British spirits, and imported under the same regulations of excise as spirits removed from Scotland or Ireland, and to the reg-ulations of the Customs, as to certificates of produce, &c. and when so imported they are to be dealt with as spirits the manufacture of that "part of the United Kingdom into which imported. Plain spirits, the manufacture of the islands aforesaid, are to he made from the same materials as ii> the United Kingdom, and the certificate of produce is to certify the same, under pain of forfeiture for any false certificate. Spirits of the nature of British brandy or com- pounds (made in these islands), are not to be imported into the United Kingdom, on pain of penalties and forfeiture and the act is to commence from August 8 (as at present proposed), on all prohibited spirits which have been illl. ported since that date and are now in bond. BAIL IN ERROR.—A bill has been brought from House of Lords intituled An Act to Stay Execution o', Judgment for Misdemeanours upon giving Bail in Error.' It contains but seven clauses. The first enacts that in every case of judgment given after the passing ot the Act for a misdemeanour, where tlie defendant or defendants shaH have obtained a writ of error to reverse such judg- ment, execution thereupon sball he stayed nntil such writ of error shall be finally determined, and in case the de- fendants shall be imprisoned under such execution, or any fine shall have been levied, either wholly or partly, in pursuance of such judgment, the said defendants shall be entitled to be discharged from durance, and to receive back any money levied 011 account of such fine from the person in whose possession it shall be, until such final determina- tion; provided always, that no execution upon any such judgment shall be stayed, unless, and until the defendants shall become bound by recognizance, to be acknowledged before one of the judges of the Court of Queen's Bench, wi.h two sufficient sureti-s to be approved of by such judge, in such sum as such judge shall direct to prosecute the writ of error with effect; and in case the judgment shall be affirmed, forthwith to render the said defendants to prison, according to the said judgment, where imprison- ment shall have been adjudged. Thetimeotimprisonment is to be reckoned to begin from the day when the defend- ants shall be in actual custody under such judgment; and if the defendants shad have been discharged from impri- sonment, such defendants shall be liable to be imprisoned for such further period as, with the time during which they may already have been imprisoned under such exe- cution, shall be equal to the period from which such defendants were so adjudged to be imprisoned. The writ of error may be quashed in the case of delay or neglect to prosecute it. The act is not to extend to Scotland. CAVAN, IRELAND, is still in a very alarming state. Threatening notices are frequently served on unpopular individuals—those having anything to do with the admi- nistration of justice and at mid-day 135 men have been seen marching in military array, with fiddle and flute, and armed with a variety of weapons, from guns to simple bludgeons. Six policemen came in contact with this mob, and "seized three men: the rest endeavoured to rescue them, when the officers fired upon the people, and wounded one, who died in six hours. The crowd fled after the firing. Several of the local authorities have malle strollg and formal representations to induce Government to inter- fere to suppress Ribandism and Molly Maguire." For example, in an address to the lord-lieutenant, signed by the high-sheriff and magistrates of Longford, they say "It appears to us that the ordinary powers of the law are quite inadequate at present to repress crime in the county of Leitrim, which is literally in the possession of the peasantry, who have quite interrupted the ordinary course of business. Neither landlords nor agents dare to demand the rents legally due, and it is impossible to carry the civil law into effect without the assistance of a military force. Numbers of the better class of farmers are living in a state of siege in their houses, and are afraid to pro- ceed to fairs or markets on their lawful business for fear of assassination. therefore, beg to lay before your Excellency our earnest petition, that, either by some of the extraordinary powers which the constitution has placed at the disposal of the Irish Executive, or by appli- cation to Parliament before the close of the present session, am the county of Leitrim, and such other districts as have go tie beyond the control of ordinary law, be subjected to military law, or some regulations of equal stringency. And the magistrates of Leitrim County, assembled in special sessions, close a similar address by saying-" If no such measure be adopted, and the present executive ma- chinery (which experience has proved to be inefficient) be continued, we cannot but iook forward with the utmost apprehension to the ensuing winter; and we wish hereby to repeat our deliberate warning, that for the bloodshed and anarchy which must prevail Her Majesty's Ministers will be responsihle. it they shrink from proposing measures of such a severe and rigorous character as can alone effectually repress them." DESTRUCTION OF TULLOCII CASTLE, ROSS-SHIRE, BY FIRE.-Loss OF JEWELS, &c.—VVe regret to state that. almost the whole of the fine mansion-house of Tulloch Castle, near Dingwall, with a large portion of its rich and valuable furniture, some family portraits and pictures, the library, and other effects, have been destroyed by fire. This lamentable catastrophe occurred early on Monday morning last. The fire was first discovered by the proprietor, Duncan Davidson. Esq., of Tulloch, who, going to his bedroom about two o clock, found the apart- ment'filled with smoke and flame, and presenting a most alarming appearance. The family were all from home, with the exception of the youngest child, and no man- servant being on the premises, Mr. Davidson ran to the square to rouse the jjaidenei and farm servants, messenger was also despatched to Dingwall, when the town bell was rung and a great number of persons flocked to the spot. By this time the fire had spread to a small parlour adjoining the bed-room, and communicated to the attics, which, with the roof, were soon all in flames. Water was procured from a well in the flower-garden, and was also conveyed by means of horses from a spot half a mile distant; but it was obvious that no efforts of this kind could avert destruction. The fire spread to the western division of the building, and the attention of all parties was turned to save some of the most valuable of the furniture, and cut off the communication with the back part of the castle. The dining-room and drawing- room (the latter a rich and splendid apartment) were both destroyed, but a few of the paintings were saved. Fortunately some valuable pictures, by the Italian and Dutch masters, had been sent to Edinburgh to be cleaned and repaired, and the family plate had been deposited a short time before in the safe of the Caledonian Bank, at Dinsrwall. The chartulai-Y, containing the title-deeds of the property and family, was saved. The wines in the cellar were removed, and the crystals and choice articles also preserved. While Mr. Davidson (the proprietor) and his friends were attempting to carry off some of the paintings from the drawing-room, the ceiling fell in and they narrowly escaped with their lives. Ihe billiard.. room and library were consumed, and the old tower (occupied only by bed-rooms), was also destroyed. By nine o'clock in the morning, nothing remained of the interior of Tulloch Castle but the bare walls and smouldering ruins, By means of axes, hammers, &c., a large gap was cut across the building, and the communi- cation of the fire being thus arrested, the back wings, containing the servants' apartments, remained uninjured. We are happy to add that no accident occurred. Many persons, in their eagerness to render assistance, placed themselves in situations of imminent danger, and nothing could exceed the coolness and intrepidity with which the tradesmen and Workpeople endeavoured, though in- effectually, to stop the progress of the flames. Mr. Davidson himself wrouo-ht manfully by the side of his sympathising and warm-hearted neighbours, and was mainly instrumental in saving the remnant of his effects. The house and furniture, we understand, were only partially insured. The unfortunate accident would ap- pear to have originated from a lighted candle left in the bed-room. Our reporter, whom we sent to the spot, was informed that no fire had been made in the bed-room that day. Mr. Davidson, it was believed, had entered the apartment in the course of the evening, and returned to his study to finish the writing of some letters, on which he had been engaged. Whilst thus employed, he became aware of the presence of fire in some part of the house, and rushing to his bed-room discovered, but too late, the fatal progress of destruction. Amongst other things, a carved oak table, which had formerly belonged to the Fowlis family, known as the speaker's table," with the furniture, clothes, wardrobes; in short, all above the drawing-room was entirely destroyed. Unfortunately, the late Mrs, Davidson's jewels, watches, trinkets, &c., in a wardrobe containing valuable dresses and other things, were in a room up stairs, to which no access could be obtained during the fire, and have perished.— (Abridged from the Edinburgh Advertiser of Friday). FRENCH MILITARY GLORY.-—Our neighbours seem more than half-ashamelof the last exploit of their African heroes. If the story of the Kabyles of D.ihra, smoked in their eaves like bees in a hive, open their eyes to the real character of warlike glory, it will be a blessing for themselves and humanity at There is much in the modern history of Fran, e to palliate the national craze forfeits of arms. The proclamation of the Duke of Brunswick in the early period of the revolution justified an intenseburstof national indignation and tlie repeated tiiumphs of armies composed almost exclusively of piivate soldiers and raw levies, commanded, for the most part, by impromptu officers, over the veterans of all Europe commanded by the most experienced generals of Germany and Italv aided by the renegade generals of France, were intoxicating stimulants. The aggressions of the Empire—not always unprovoked—were the natural consequences of such a state of mind and the reverses of the Peninmla and Russia, the defeat at Leipsic, and the invasion and conquest of France, were less calculated to disgust a high-spirited people with war than to inspire them with yearnings to re-assert their losr. ascendancy. At the bottom of French aggressions there lurks this chivalrons spirit—they ught for honour, not for hatred or plunder. But the indulgence of a sentiment, however specious, at the eXjlcllsC of the peace and liap;;iness of unofFendinsr neighbours, is a crime. !No neighbouring nation seeks to injure France 110 neighbouring nation presumes or affects to look down upon France. French complaints of English aggressions are desperate attempts at self-delusion, to efface their compunctious visitings hefore troubling the peacc of the world to efface the recollection of Waterloo. We rpad of heroes cured of the intemperate thirst for military glory by walking over a deserted battle-field. The grottoes of Dahra, with their thousand corpses, babes at I heir mother's breasts among the numher-writhed and contorted into every variety of agonized expression -the unclean birds pounc- ing into the recesses of the caverns and bearing off the gobbets of roasted human flesh — will haunt the dreams of the Parisian yelpers for war, and be to them what the day after the battle has before now been to the young and thoughtless warrior.—Spectator. Russoriioiii.v. — Every story may be tol,l two ways. Our readers do not need to be reminded that Russia has long fixed a covetous eye on Constantinople and that a Greek traditional prophecy about the restoration of the Byzantine empire by a Prince of the name of Constantine first introduced that name into tlie imperial family of Rus- sia. A Russian Prince who rejoices in the prophetic pa- tronymic is at present on a visit in Constantinople. The newsmongers who lie leaguer there to regale Europe pe- periodically with Oriental tales after the fashion of the Arabian Nights' Entertainments, vie with each other in describing with emphasis & attributing meaning to all his movements. AccordingtoonewritertheGreeksofthe Fanal are engoucs for this scion of the Czarine house. They follow him to St. Sophia in their eager love they crowd around him and kiss the walls of the mosque as the Prince of the Greek Church enters it, exclaiming, that it once was their church and will be so again. Even the Sultan it is said, feels the necessity of being civil to so popular a personage, and admits him to his presence on terms of equality never before conceded to any European. Another writer, on the contrary, maintains that the Greeks are disgusted with the hauteur brusque of the Russian Constantine; that the rush and pressure at the mosque of St. Sophia were provoked by the rudeness of the Russian attendants, who sought to drive back the Greeks, and his Royal Highness was knocked down in the melee; and that, so far fiom the Turkish Govern- ment having treated him with consideration, one of the Prince's boatmen having been beaten by a Turk within an inch of his life, redress had been demanded in vain. Both versions of the story are probably false: but they are fair specimens of the baseless, unsubstantial rumours of the activity and success of Russia's foreign intrigue, by which a Russophobia is sought to be kept alive. The Russian Cabinet may be a very nest of Thierses or Palmerstons—a convocation of les plus grands brouillons de l'Europe" but. if John Bull only preserve his equa- nimity and hold on the even tenour of his way, he has no more to fear from their fussy meddling in the future than in the past. — Ibid. CAITTAL IN RAILWAYS.—From a very elaborate table, contained in Blfrn's Commercial Glance, just published, we deduce the following statistics of the capital embarked in railways and railway projects. In 77 railways, com- pleted or in progress, the amount of capital is £ 85,370,723, of which £ .33,090,893 is paid up, and £ 32,270,830 re- maining to be called up. Of 139 railways before Parlia- ment this session, exclusive of small branches, deviations, connecting links, &c., the nominal capital for which the registered shareholders are liable is £ 98,245,050, of which, averaging the deposit at £ 2^ per share, L7,290,733 ap- pears to be paid up, and being lodged with the Treasurer of the Private Bill Office, is thus withdrawn from corn- mercial circulation. We have also 196 railways projected, but not yet before Parliament, of which the average depo- sits amount to El.1 per share. The total capital repre- sented by these is £ 100,309,000, and the amount paid up and withdrawn from commercial circulation is £9,913,312. There are also a number of small branches and deviations, in progress and in prospect, involving a capital of £ 27,000,000, on which the deposits amount to £ 2,350,000. The total number of shares is 11,047,821, or nearly a share for every two of the population. The total capital represented by railways, paid up and to be paid up, is £ 36*8,000,000, or about C16 per head to the whole popu- lation and the total paid-up capital is £ 72,044,938, leaving £ *290,280,345 to be called up. Of course this calculation refers only to the amount required if the whole of the schemes projected should be carried out. Many of them, however, are competing lines some are rejected already; whilst others have been rendered unne- cessary by the formation of branches, &c., from existing lines. Taking, however, only one-half of the amount re- maining to be called up for the new lines, as being as much as the Legislature is likely to sanction, we have no less than E132,000,000, which the country will probably be called upon to furnish for new railways in the course of the next four or five years, in addition to £ 3-2,279,000 remaining unpaid upon the lines completed or in progress. We may remark, however, that of the lines completed or in progress, representing a capital of £ 85,370,723, many are at a considerable premium, as are some of those at pre- sent before Parliament and projected. We may fairly add one-third to the capital represented by the first for premium and we have then the following as the tctal capital already invested in railways, and liable to be acted upon by speculation on our various stock ex- changes Paid up on lines completed or in progress £33,090,893 z, Add one-third for premium 17,99t>,9!54 Paid up on railways before Parliament 7,290,273 Deposits on new schemes 9,913,312 Do. for branches, &c. 2,350,000 rr„*„i f 9(1.041.442 already invested in this description of property, exclusive of our engagements with foreign railways. Of this amount no less than £ 19,554,015, the amount of deposits on new lines, may be said to have been furnished within the last twelve months, in addition to the amount, a large one, which has been absorbed in calls upon lines in pro- gress. This last fact speaks volumes as to the elastic and expansive state of the country's resources. SHIPWRECK OF A OIJTCFI INIMAMAN. — NINETEEN OF THE CREW STARVED TO DEATH, AND FOUR DROWNED.—One of the most heartrending shipwrocks that has happened for some time was 011 Friday made known at bloyd's, by the arrival of the ship Chance, Captain Itoxby, from Sydney, in the London Docks, having on hoard a portion of the crew of a Dutch Imiiaman, named the John Hendrick, H. W. Hdkelenbiny, master, which was totally lost 011 the rocks form- ing St. Paul's Island, on the mornimr of the 29th May, while on her voyage from Amsterdam to Hatavia. It appears that on the night of the 2d of June. the crew of the Chance were anxious to ascertain whether such rocks as were laid down in the chart forming St. Paul's Island, 4.5 miles north of the equator, and '29 degrees west, were really to be seen, as many doubts prevailed as to their existence. Captain Roxhy in- formed them that if the same course they were then going was kept until the following morning, they would come in sight of the rocks. Accordingly at eight o'clock they descried them, and at half-past nine the Captain was much surprised hy ob- serving, through a glass, a Dutch ensign flying from a spar on the island, It being surmised that a vessel had been wrecked near the spot, no time was lost in bearing up to the rocks, and on neaiing them, several persons were noticed on them, evidently in an exhausted sta'e. The captain ordered the pinnace to proceed to their assistance, About twenty poor creatures were found lying about exhausted and apparently in a dying condiiion. The boat not being able to take them all off, the captain, the chief officer, steward, carpenter, two seamen, and three apprentice boys were first rescued, the re- mainder being assured by the boat's party that they would return and preserve them also. The ship was speedily gained and on the captain Icai-uiog that eleven persons were still on the. island. he nromnt] v ordered the Ion?, boat to he lowered, and with th-pinnace started for the rocks. Only twelve minutes elapsed ere they had set out a second time for the island, but in the meanwhile a sharp breeze had sprung up, a tremendous sea ran, and a strong current set in to the west-, ward. lioth boats kept beating about for five hours, and it appearing evident that if they kept out much later they would be swept awav, they returned to the ship, having been unable torendertheprofnisedasaistance. It being probable that the gale might in some measure abate. Captain Roxby kept his ship beating about the island, as it was impossible to anchor, there being no soundings, for ten entire days and having seen nothing of the poor creatures, who by that time must have perishi>d from the intense heat, and the want of water and food, he sailed for Eo"land, his own provisi Ins by this time becoming very short. <> On questioning those whom he bad saved, lie learned that they bt longed to the Indiasaan in ques- tion that on the morning of the 29th of May she was running under a press of sail when at three o'clock the watch on deck discovered the rocks a head so ciose as made it impossi- ble to clear them. The helm was instantly brought to, but also at the same moment she struck, and the succeeding wave piiched her on her beam ends. Every endeavour was instantly made to get her off; her rigging and masts were cut away in older to lighten her, but as the sea kept dashing her against the rocks with terrific force, she soon broke up. The captain succeeded in reaching the reeks with a line ami secured it round one of the loftiest cliffs, in effecting wlrch he was no less than seven times swept down the rock, frightfully lacerating his body. The line being also made fast to the wreck, most part of the crew contrived to haul themselves on to the island i,y it. Four brave fellows attempted to land in a boat with the ship's papers and some provisions, but on nearing the breakers a heavy sea capsized her & they all perished. A poor boy, who has been saved, hall his aim broken by being dashed against the rocks. On assembling on the ftightful spot which they had been cast upon, which presented not the remotest chance of escape, starvation stared them in the face. Of wearing ap- parcllbey had saved none, save the few drenched rags that covfred them and of food the only thing they could rescue from the wreck were a cask of butter, a cask of flour, a small biscuit, and a small keg of gin. Immediately under the line, a burning sun pouring upon them, and not having a drop of water to quench their thirst, the heat was intense, and which they could only allay by wading into the sea up to the chin, and thus remain the whole day. At night time the spirit was dis- tributed amongst them. The single biscuit was broken np and divided equally, and then they commenced scouring the rocks a the hope of finding further food. They succeeded in getting few willI fowls and eprixs • they were almost driven to madne s. At dusk a few drops of rain were frit cipsccndi:1: they i, stantly laid out a kind of sail to catch it, and held tli ir hen: up to the heavens with their mouths open. It soon, hoacvor, "assrd over, On the third-dav, to their great jov, a vessel hearing American colours hove in silli, in the offing. Tory hoisted the signal oil tlrs spar, and in order to make dounly sure, the mate, seven seamen and a passenger put off in the ■>nly boat they had been enabled to save, with a s nail pie-e of wood to dabble along, 'he oars being lost, to the approach- ing ship, bur she pn = S"d on -vanls and wac. no; seen afterwards. The po r creatures in the boat then strove to regain the island the current was too stiong ihcm and thev were spcp.¡il) lost sight of. that they perished there e.m be n > doubt. They had not the slightest pr vision with thrm-no compass, find no oars, the nearest plru'c bein £ C;ipe ie, more than 000 miles distan'. The sufferings of those, iett -'n the. ioc!is,on perceiving the fate -if those in th« boat, were ten f dd and 011 the foiitih day thev save themselves up 10 dea h. I ne\ were rapidly sinking from the effects of the heat, the skin 0:1 their face, inn-is, See., peeling off. On the m >rniin of the filth day the Chance hove in si^ht, and ;is before noticed, saved Seven. Kleveo, amonast whom as the doctor, were left on the is'and. On the arrival of the poor fil'o vs thev waited noon tl,c Veti.erlands Consul, who, having relieved their destitute condi io!i) housed them a* the Yorkshire Oe'v Ta (-111, Lower Thames-street, and they proceeded to their list, iiy the mail sioamer. i'iie lii-fated lo.-li wnntl belonged to Rott< rdani, was SOU to.s burden, ol),v built al),i, t,,) months pr vious to her loss. To ;'aptain Roxby the hi/ <rs: commendation is dne for tiie humane ami prompt sipp;, he adopted to rescue the unf'»rtonate persons on the i-lan I. Tlio'c who are indebted to him for the preservation of their lives,decla-ed that nothing could exceed his endeavours to re- make 'he island. Ni,,Iit :tti,i day he was on deck attempting it. ()fthef.ttcofthee)cvfnpoorcreaturestcfcontherocks, it is the opinion of Captain <10xhy, as also the Dutch captain, that they must have perished in a day or t > o afterwards; for had they been rescued by any other vessel, she must have been fallen in with by the Chance. The rocks being situated some hundreds of miles out of the track of vessels trading with the Cape, perhaps scarcely two out of every 1,0)0 cvtr meet with them.

Slgmniiurf, ^oritcutturf, &• £ •» RoNDF.n CORN..—The Hon led Corn H')', just introluced into the House, by Mr. Green, Sir George Clerk, and Mr. Card wet!, recites the .Act 5 ti afid 6 h Victoria, c. 92, and enacts that the said statute (except as altered or repealed hy subsequent provisions) be continued for three years. The same period is proposed to he allowed for rntering wheal from a vessel as from the warehouse. The Commissioners of Cus- toms are 10 provide samples of biscuit. The penalties imposed by the recited Act are to be repealed, and other penalties im- posed by the Bi for depositing articles of inferior quality. POTTEI{'S GUANO.—[From the AgricuHu'al Gazette ] — Two years since. 1 sent you a brief account of an exprriment r was making with Potter's guano; I informed you that I had in a field of wheat sown one acre with 2 cwt of this guino, and that it had very much improved my crop in that pa t of my field—decidedly improved it, the plant being much stronger and thicker during its whole growth, ft was my intention, also, after harvest to have sent you the d'ffeience iti quantity of corn between that acre and the next adjoining it, but it so happened that I was on the Continent at the time the corn was cut and carted home, and, consequently, it was not kept so separate as it ought to have been for an experiment j but the men who cut it and carted it told me that the crop was by far the best where the guano was put on, anf that the slieavcs were considerably heavier than the others, he exprri ment. therefore, satisfied me entirely that this «uano was well adapted to improve my land but what I wish to draw your attention to, and that of the public in general, is the subse- quent benefit that has resulted from this dressing. When f put it on I concluded that its virtues, be they what they would, would have been exhausted, or nearly so, by the first crop, as Ibad heard was the case with real guano, but last year the same field was of beans, anil I was agreeably surprised, to find that the acre on which this guano had been put tlie year b fore took the lead of all the other part of the field, kept it durin* the whole season, and the crop at harvest was marked, and decidedly the best—all who saw it allowed that it was decidedly the best. But what has astonished me the most and also all my sceptical agricultural neighbours, who judore of manures chiefly by their bulk, has been tins my field is again of wheat this year, and to my agreeable s,,r',r,se, the part on which this dressing was put in the autumn of 1843, stood the last long winter much better than any of the rest of the field, !o"k ¡he lead in the spring, became much thicker as the summer advanced, kept cleaner from weeds, lose from four to six inches higher than the rest, came into full car neadv a week first, and, in the opinion of all who have seen it, the yield will be more than onc-follnh, if not full one-third more than that of any other acre of the field. This, therefore, has been a fair experiment, and it proves decidedly and convin- cingly the benefit to be obtained by agriculturists from the use of this dressing All my neighbours, who were at first very sceptical, now fully admit its benefit. 1 take them into the field and say to them, Gentlemen, you see to a foot where I put on the guano; you see the crop of wheat higher, thicker, and cleaner than the remaining part of the field I have done nothing to the field since the guano was put on, nothing ex- cept having given the whole a very slight dressing of manure after my crop of wheat was taken off in 1843 since then it has been cropped with beans, and now again with wheat, and, gentlemen, you see the result, and if the guano has not pro- duced it, explain to me what has. However unbelieving before, every one who has viewed the crop as it now stands, admits that it h3s been improved 10 the extent I have stated by this dressing alone. At harvest I will keep the crop 011 that acre separate from the rest, and when threshed I will send you the result, which, 1 have no doubt, will prove to be from one-foutth to one-third more per acre than the restof the field. I am alsa trying ihe real guano, but for my land I am fully satisfied that the artificial is by far the bes'.— Geo. Wit. kins, TYix Parsonage. FLoWER GAP-DEN AND SHUUBUKRIKS —^oses going out of bloom should be constantly gone over, cutting off all de HI flowers, &c., and moss and other varieties should be layered as soon as the young wood is sufficiently advanced in growth. Pinks now out of bloom, from which pipings have been taken, if they have blossomed two years, should he cut off close or removed to make roam for young plants of this years'striking. Dahlias require constant caie in regard to tying up as they advance in growth. Sweet Williams, Wall-flowers, Dianthus and other hardy biennials,should be thinned, planting out the thinninssi-tto borders, or into nursing-beds till spring. Lawns should be kept constantly mo vn during showery weather, and edginas of walks clipped. Pit. and Frames.—\y\n in cuttings of the best kinds of Antirrhinums. Muie Pinks, herbaceous Phloxes, t"c" either underhand-glasses or in cutting pots, and place them in close frames or pits those already rooted must be hardened off by degrees to be ready for planting out. Pipings that are rooted out should have a little air left during nights. S)..ft Hatsams,Chrysanthemums.&c. HARDY FRIJlr AND KITCHEN GARDEN.—Where heavy rains have beaten the surface of the ground, the latter will require to be stirred. Fruit-trees thrive better in borders that a'e frequently dug, properly manured, and cropped with l.et- tuces or other things that do not root too deeply, than where the ground is not cropped and but seldom stnred. It will, therefore, be advisable to dig or fork over all borders that have not been recently stirred, taking care not to injure the roots of the trees by the operation. T)u. hat better he per- formed whilst the ground is sufficiently mlit; and if dry weather should set in, copious waterings ought to be given. It is frequently the case that the surlace of a border f trms a regular slope, is smoothly raked, so that water from heavy rains, more especiall v, readily glides off; and a less beneficial supply from artificial watering must be substituted. Some- times crops are sown or planted in rows across the borders and afterwards landed up. the furrows consequently formed exhibiting a close system of surface draining, not at all objec- tionable ill the case of a very wet soil and but highly so in summer under ordinary circumstances. Proceed in the fitst place with budding Cherries and Apricots; and with other fruit-trees as the buds become in a fit state, which in this season will generally be the case rather later than usual. Kitchen Garden.—In oider to obtain la'e young potatoes, some of Chapman's KIdney shlmld nOW be plantcd. Sow nadishes on a cool border. Plant out Celery, Kndive, and Lettuces the latter generally succeed well on the beds formed hl,tween the Celery trenches. Loosen the ground gently near the rows of advancing crops of Peas, and water it necessary.

BANKRUPTS (From the London GazPlle,) FRIDAY.—-James Wender C'ollyer, victualler, Newgate- street. Henry Bromweeh, grocer, Leamington Priors Warwickshire. Edmund Smith, Robert Smith, and Joseph Swann, provision dealers, Woodhead, Cheshire. Robert Green, jeweller, Biistol. Peter Hansen, mer- chant, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. John Sullen and William Sugden, machine makers, Leeds. Thomas Wadley, broker, Liverpool. John Kvans, ironmonger, Liverpool. Joseph Spencer, jun., builder, Liverpool. David Parry, currier, Ruthin, Denbighshire. TUESDAY.—Ann Barker, wine merchant, Lowndes- terrace, Knightsbridge., Solomon Solomon, tailor, Strand. Thomas Dousberry, shoe factor, New Farringdon-street. Samuel Richard Ivedwaid, licensed victualler, Clipstone- street, Fitzroy-square. Henry Wood, general agent, Abchurch-laue, City. Alexander Millet, merchant, Wal- brook, City. George Brown, clothier, Barbican. Ann Bree French, hotel keeper, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. John Batchelor, butcher, Bath. Ann Wild and John Wild, glaziers, Bristol. John Mack, pawnbroker, Liverpool. James Baines, grocer, Manchester. James Driver, vic- tualler, Slawston, Leicestershire.

Shipping 3tnteUi0encr» BtJTE DOCKS.—Arrived, the Caledonia, Barron, Swansea ballast..Neptune, Bale, Exeter. ballast Joseph and Eliza- beth, Robinson, Cherloony, ballast. Vron, Ba ry, Bristol, light.. Coronation, Stevens, B deford, li,¡ht..Sir John New- port, Nichol's, Waterford, Jane, Quirk, Neath, ballast Kagle, Faukner, Havre, ballast. TalT, Hooper, Bristol, light..Swift, l'awton. Uristol, light.,Betsey, Couch, St. Ives, ballast.. Dolphin, Fry, B istol, pitwood.. Rodolphe, Morgan, Whitehaven, iron ore.I)ina%. Ilills, liristol, litlit.. Rhondda, Bowen. Bristol, light.. William and Thomas, Ley, Penzmce, b dlast.Hagla, S.irobille. Bristol, stones..Success. Sims, Gioster. Hope. Morgan, Uris:ol. iioehuck, Board, Weston.. Kbenezer, U-nver, Bristol Diligence, Reynolds, Bideford, all light.. Kritannia, Byron, Whitehaven, iron oro ..Susannah, Kingston, Fo.vev, iron ore. Breeze, Corbett, Portsmouth, ballast.Otter. White, Gioster, light.. Dolphin, Fry, Bristol, pitwood..Ceres, Wedlake, Watcher, light.. Mary, Stevens, Bristol, ballast.Victoria, Purccll, Bristol, light. Demetian Lass, Jones Barrow, iron ore.. Elizabeth, Lander, Fowey, iron ore. • liinma, Driscoli, Bristol, potatoes.. Will'am, Collins, Port Kerry, stones.. George, Ayland, Newport, light Rneas, Cashman, London, ballast. Industry, Murphy, Kinsale, pigs and sheep..Victory, Lee, Clovelly, ballast. Prince of Wales (■«.), Jones, Bristol, general cargo. Lady Charlotte (<•), Jetferys. Sailed, the Poiphin, Fry, Weston, light.. Diligence, Rey- nolds, Bideford.. liliza, Sytnons, Port Reati,Taff, Hooper, Bristol.Swift, l'awton. Bri-tol.Charlotte, Woof, Traver- marde.. Pallass. Gilbert, Dover..Ocean, Bally, London all with coal.. Lucinda Jane, Hove, Glamorganshire Canal, light ..Mary, Stevens, St. Ives, coal.. Peril, Erick, Danizic, iron. Mary, Rowland, Dunbar, iron..Ann, Niell, Dungarvan, coal ..Gieziena Wilkin, Top, Amsterdam, iron Pilot, Clark, Combe, coal. • Ayr,Jenningf, St. lvcs,cna)..Fredrica. Haefeke, Dantzic, iron.Ann and Klizabeth, Jones, Glamorganshire C.inal, light.Castle, I'ryer, Gioster, coal.Success, Sims, Gloster, coat.. dasher, Nowell, Hamburg, iron.. Endeavour, Caffery, Drogheda.• Duke of Montrose, Stevens, Arklow. Mary and Joseph, Harney, Dungarvan.Vesper, Glasson, Penzance..Thomas Mahony, Mulcarry, Dungarvan.Alpha, White, Waterford..),Iari4 aud Martha, Evans, Waterford, all \vith coal., loh'l R-vie, J -n.^s, Glamorganshire Canal, Ihjht. • (arv, Wi Imni?. C->rk, coal.Ca.-oline, 1'aynter, St. tees, coal .Doris, KraeJ, Dantstir, iron.Ocean, Dliting, P nzr ice.. ■* 'V \ndrcw-, St. Ives.David Walter, Heed, Wa.'e rfo'<1. • ideldy, Howe, St Ives.. /-I! iht«, Fortune, Watermd, ali wi'h co,I, Emil, Bauhrl\ nall'z:(', iron. Ebz dicth, France, St f >hn M iller, Sul !i van, Waterford.. Iioehuck, iioaru, Bristol.. "Mr P. Maiilaud, Davics, Cork n'l with coal..John and S'usan, '!iown, Liverpool, tin.. Albion,Williams. Bristol.. Mary Jane, Myler,Waterford ..Willi: inland Thomas. Lev, Hivle.. Lotii-a, U al den, Dantzie.. Ra I Muh. rave, 5!oo'h. Waterford, ali wi h is I.. Provid. ntial, Hocken, Hamburg, iron..Thomas, Hayls, Dublin, coal.. Clement ina Bennett, Waterford, coal .Prince or Wales (s.). J uies, Bristol, general cargo.Lady Chailottc Jefferys, Briste.l, general cargo. 1 essels hi !)<>cJc loading for Foreign Ports. Ship's. Masters. J^eo-' Festination. Cargo. er .T,i ,i cp !loc' inglia-n Penhiiliow.i 1 "> Bos'ou d >. Lssex Rengcrs "hi. s'on Iron. ori ish Que n .Card 104.. B >son Coal. Sovereign Porr it t 2 M Constantinople, ft on. Ruby. I'uist 2 1! Constantinople do. (;LA\I()f:C:j-Hlr:E C\NAI.— Suited, the Active,Cope On.low I ill. • VV illiam, Bullow Pill.. Blossom, Lucas, Minehead. Sky Laik, liii.ns, Barrow.Sisters, Knap;), Bullow Pill. Jane, Baker, Whitehaven.F.liza, i'icharus, Wh:tchav< 11 Union, Cannichafl, W h iteba veil. M ary Ann, Nicholas, Minehead .Mary, Evans. Bristol.Nc.wnham, Smith, Bullow Pill, ail with iron ore. Fiederika, Shoemaker, Hamburg Charb s, Jeffreys, Newport.. Margaret Roberts, James, Milford ..Jcrunc Ksperaiicf, Traliee, B IdPII.John h'ova1, J-mes, Chester.Argus, Baker, Faversham.. Emerald, Giffard, Dart- mouth. Endeavour Hawkins, Glos'er..C.cjnentioa, "rand, Briiham. Elizabeth, Perrril, Liverpool Ilnry. Billing, Bridgwater.. William and Jane, H jwkins, Bideford.. W'eru Colli-r, Goulding, Gioster. Commerie, Smith, Woodbridge William W-hns, London.. Providence, Phillips, Gioster.. Sylph, Toms, Waterford. Jane, Nurse, Gioster..Surprise Jones, fit is ol Providence, Baker, Bridgwater Vulcan, Davies, Wai erford. Yeomatu, Glory, Cooler, Fowpy. Rambler, Ellis, Gioster.. Vintage, Cockerill, Bristol.Eclinse, Jennings, St. fves. I\hind, Vickers, Wicks. Pendarvis, Carter, Dartmouth Farmers, Ellsori, Da tmouth, all with hadast.. David, Lewi-, Cardigan.. Friends, Evans, Bristol.* Cardiff i rader, I?owles, Gluster.ane, l'arion, Bridgwater. St.Tud wells Roberts, Portmadoc.. I'alace, Beard, Bridgw a-r r William, Lawrence, Ncwport. Ann, Davie- Bristol, Eliza- beth, Wright, Bristol.. Favourite, Thoma". L verpool.. Svlnh, Jennings, Wexlord.. Fly. Rowles, Gioster. Charlotte, I lal- breok, Penzance.. Wdliain, Lawrence, Newport.. Mary Ann, Gabriel, B idgwater. Ernestine, Vanshen, Newport.. Bute Walters, Bi istol. lohn Geojge, GuLiford Bridgwater. Merthyr Packet, Thomas. Bristol.Amity, Pearson, Bristol ..Venu', Gulliford. Hridgwater. Newport Trader, Jackson, Gioster.Gleaner, Thomas, Newport.Friends, Evans, Bristol, ail with sundries. Sailed, the Gleaner, Thomas, Newport Tamer Govier, London Hope, Billing, Bridgwatsr St. George, Coyle, Lancaster Commerce, Smith, London M».rv, Kevans, London.. Rambler, Gibbs, Poole.. Providence, Baker, Biidg- water.St. Tud wells, Roberts, Liverpool.. Argo, JIII'tI'dridg" Hamb.)ri.Wern Collier, Goulding, Kridgwater.. William' Lawrence, Gioster.Joseph Carne, VV right, London.Daniel. Ilauxlyn, London.Frederika. Shoemaker, Cronstaut.. Ann, s Davics, Bristo).Sylph. Fenning, Lancaster. Favourite, » Thomas, Lancaster.Jane. Parah, B: Idgwater. Farmers, [ Elwn, Newc,\s<le.. E(:lipse, J"nning<, Poole, a1\ wi,h ir.II}.. William and Jane, Hawkins, B deford. Merthyr Packet, Thomas, Bristol. Oeean, Harding, Cork.. Friends, Evans, Bristol.William, Clinton, Liverpool. Brothers, Bryant, Bridgwater. lane, Nurse, Gioster. G ratitude, Evans, Lun- ertck.. Providece, Phillips, Gioster.. Surprise, Jones. Gioster Cardiff Trader, Bowles. Gioster.Elizabeth, Wright, aristo). Charles Jeffreys Portreath Fly, Rowles, Gioster.. Blossom, Lucas, Minehead.Queen, Beer, London.Fleopatre, Artaud, Nantes.. John George, Gulliford, Bri igwater.. Vulean, Davies, Diiblin..Coarlotte, Halbrook, Malaga, all with coal.Robert, Mendus, Newport. Thetis, Williams, Waterford, with flour ..Newnham, Lmith, Bullow Pill.. Aetive, Cope. Bullow Pill, .James, Reed, Bristol. Wiliiam Hill, Bullow Pill..Sisteis, Knapp, Bullow l'iil.William, La vrence, Ee vport, light. PORT TAI.BOT.— Arrived, the William, Witburn, Truro.. Beryl, Green, Devoran.Sir Thomas Mansell, Manger, Guern- sey.Happy Return, Thomas, Mumbles. Mary, Piiiilips, J l'ot-t IYiinri.I"rovi(lence, Bevan, Port Kynoti..Etizabeh, Kift, Mumbles.Minerva, Hammct, M umbles. James and Sarah, Nicho'ls, Mumbles..Omnibus, lones, Newport.Su s-x, Rees Bristol.. Charles, Bilrt, Mumbles. Diligence, Hulling, Mumbles. Charlotte, Thomas, Bridgwater. Fame, Hunt, Bridgwater. Thomas, Ching, Newport. Glamorganshire Lass, Chalk, Port Eynon.. Olive Branch, Bowen, Aberthaw.. Margaret and Jane, Griffiths, Birmouth Margarn, Evans, Bristol. Unanimity, Mitchell, Bridgwater. lappv Return, I liomas, Mumbles. Magnet, Davis, S vans a.. James and Sarah, Lewis, Mumbles Emerald, Lloyd, \lumb'es..J,¡nc, Bed well, London.Favourite, Gioling, Neath..Mary Ann, Weiheen, S wansea.. Mary, Phillips, Port Eynon.. William and Jane, Hughes, Neaih.Queen Victoria, Sutton, Bristol.. Providence, Parker, Aberthaw.. Endeavour, Williams, Mum" bles.. Tustow, Brand, Newport.Happy Couple, Chalk, Port Eynon.. Anne, Western, Barnstaple. Hem ietta, Marshall, Bar nstaple. John and Mary, Richards, Xewport. Olive Branch, Bowen, A bertlia-.v.. Providence, Bevan, Port Eynon .Three Brothers, Often. Kid welly. M inerva, Hammelt, Mumbles.Glamorganshire Lass, Chalk, Port Eynon.. Lady Elliott, l-owler, Looe.. Ocean, Spray, Hayle ..Emerald, Lloyd, Mumbles.. Frank, Poole, Hayle. Marchioness of AngJesea, » J Thomas, Burrow.. Susan, Giles, Devoran..James and Sarah, Nicholas, Mumbles.. Happy Return, Thomas. Mumbles. NK.ATH.—Sailed, the Erin, Byrne; Minerva, Connor; for Wicklow.. Malcolm, Edmonds j Devonshire, W lielan Mary and Ellen; Waterford. Alert, Bready; Busy, Jones Geoige t Brown, McNamara; Cork. Resolution, Davics, Dublin. Princess, Builer, Wexford.. Friendship, Evans, New Ross. Delicate, Francis, Aberdovey. Linnett, Phil.ips, Newquay. Morweiham, Towells Charlotte, Thomas Langport, Watts; f Bridgwater. Gwydur Castle, Roberts, Conway.A bion) « Vigors, Falmouth. Dove, Dillon, Point.Merioian.Woodley, Dat mouth.Tarn an, Rosser; Plym, Mann, Plymouth.Pen- darvis,Cogan,JohnLSon and Elizabeth, Hicks; Orwel, Mole- ard Portreath .Symmetry, Sawle, Truro; Jane, Lilly. î Portsmouth. Prompt, Walsh, liridport. Betsey, Evans, t'. Aberthaw.. Emma, Lewney, Port le Mary (I. M.)..Superior, Murt, Penzance.Friends, Litten} Speculator, Perriam i Kxeter. Elizabeth, May, Falcombe..Neath Castle, Davics, Bristol. Mervinia, Summerfield, Gloucester Catherine, Davies, Port Madoc.