The Illustrated Usk Observer and Raglan Herald

THE CATTLE PLAGUE. A 'Memorandum on the principles and practice of disinfection, as applicable to the present epidemic of cattle disease "has been prepared by Dr. J. L W. Ihudiohum, by direction of the lords of the council. The paper, which is of considerable length, commences with the following definition and general statement of principles: "The term disinfection signifies the removal or destruction, and the subsequent rem-oval of the products of destruction, of all matters actually being or containing products of disease capable of re- producing disease in other animals. If the same processes and means as used for this purpose are applied fe-the purification and deodorisation of places and things not actually infected, but capable or suspected of being infected, then these preventive measures are practically and properly included ■under the definition of disinfection. The re-pro- ducers of the infectious matter or contagion are all kinds of cattle of the ox tribe, which also are at present in this country the only animals liable to its specific effectfa It is probable that the contagion adheres with particular pertinacity to all secretions and discharges from sick animals. For this reason -aaces or droppings, urine, ruminated food, all secretions the mouth, nose, and eyes, and any sore parts of the aurrape of the diseased animals, must be considered the principal and primary carriers of the infectious matter or plague poison. It is also probable that many parts of animals which have died from the cattle plague, or have been billed during advanced stages of the disease, are infectious, some because they are primarily imbued with the contagion, others because they have been in contact with it after the death of the animal. Skins, hides, hair, horns, and hoofs must therefore always be treated with precaution. Tne chances of infection by flesh, fat, cleaned guts, and blood, are, perhaps, more remote, but aannofc be lost sight of. The cattle plague, although affecting every part of the animal, shows its visible edects most extensively in the intestinal canal. It is believed, and apparently upon good grounds, that the mtescinal discharges are the principal agents upon the distribution of which mainly depends the spread of the disorder. It follows from the above that all articles which have been in contact with a diseased aaimal or any of its discharges, particularly its feces, are capable of carrying the infection for an indefinite "imo; and must be looked upon as being actually infectious to other healthy animals. Such are racks of wood or iron; cribs or mangers of wood, iron, or stone; articles used for fastening animals, leather collars and straps, ropes and chains; all harness of any animals used for drawing, and all carts, wagons, and carriages which they have actually been drawing; the stalls or sheds in which animals have been stand. ing; the whole lengths of the gutters and drains ufirough whica their urine las been flowing; the entire surface over which their manure has been drawn, and fF which the removal has been ejected the entire dungheap upon which infected manure has been put, and the fluid contents of the manure pit, or of the special receptacle for the urine; yards or sheds in which cattle have been kept to tread aown long straw, and the whole of such straw and manure, as also the ground beneath them; paths and roaaa upon which diseased cattle have walked or been carried; fields and meadows upon which they have oeefe grazing j all carts, carriages, trucks, and railway J*ucks, m which diseased cattle have been conveyed, sua all the platforms, railings, bridges, and boards ufioa which they have been moved thereto; as also Mi apparatus which has been used to pen, tie, lift, iittai, fewer, and fix them; the clothes, and particu- larly shoes and boots, and iron-pointed sticks of drivers, and their dogs; the apparel of all cattle herds or attendants, particularly their shoes and boots; the shoes and boots of all persons visiting places where diseased cattle are or have been standing; and, in general, the clothes of all persons visiting infected psacfis, ships, and all parts of the platforms, stages, stairs and bridges, hoists and cranes used for embark- ing and landing the animals; markets, and all sheds arnd pens and implements used in contact with cattle; slaughter-houses, and all persons and implements in tkem which have been employed upon sick cattle, as &lso sundry parts or organs which come from sick ani- inals killeiJ in slaughter-houses; knackers' yards, trucks or eartd, hoi see, men, and iaipigments which have been ea^ployed in the disposal of sick or dead animals; wells aM ponds from which diseased cattle have been drinking, or into which any portion of thair excreta has had any opportunity of flowing directly or indirectly; all fodder, grass, hay, clover, &c., and particularly remnants of fodder, upon which diseased cattfe fiave been feeding;, aad, in general, all persons, aftimats, places, buildings, and movable things which have been in contact with matters proceeding from diseased cattle, or with such diseased cattle them- selves. To the above-mentioned places and things any of the processes and agents enumerated and described in the following may have to be applied." Dr; Thudicbum then sets forth in detail the several ,3>iractiees of disinfection, as by earth (burying); by "fine (burning); by chloride of lime, applicable specially to the surfaces of things and places; special directions for the disinfection of stables, sheds, vans, railway snicks, und cattle ships, and of persons and things connected with them; disinfection of live stock. „ A quarantine shed is next described and recommended, as well as a safety dress for inspectors and others who may come in contact with animals actually suffering from the plague. Measures which should be taken on premises where the plague has actually broken out are set forth at length, as well as a mode of disinfecting meadows, fields, roads, &o. The memorandum is con- cluded with the following general recommendations:— cl la conclusion it must be pointed out to farmers, dairymen, and all persons having charge of cattle, that the same great measures which are known to maintain and restore the health of human beings will also main- tain and restore the health of ca.ttle. Pure air dry, spacious, well-ventilated, and well-drained olean sheds; dleau and dry meadows; plenty of pure water; frequent ourrying and washing; the prevention of the develop- ment. by the destruction of the germs, of internal and ex- ternal parasites, particularly entozoa; proper food, in suitable quantities at proper times; protection from in- clement weather; the utmost cleanliness in the removal of manure; the storing of manure at a great distance from the cattle shed; and, in addition, the most con- scientious observance of the precautionary and disin- fecting Measures above described. All these measures agents together will secure the utmost possible he&Ifch Of stock, and the prosperity of the agricul- turist and dairyman. But the neglect of any one of them will make the stock liable to become infected, And the more so the more several or all collateral con- ditions of the healthy existence of animals are neglected. The negligent man is therefore certain to lose, to injure his neighbour by defeating his pre- caution, and to damage society but the watchful and painstaking man will be rewarded not only by the preservation of his property, but particularly by the consciousness that it has been preserved by his own care and attention, and that thereby he has also benefited the state." Meeting at the London Mansion-house. A meeting of the Sanitarium Committee of the Metropolitan Cattle Plague Committee was held at iihe Mansion-house on Saturday, Mr. Gibbins, chair- man of tba Corporation Markets Committee, presiding. Dr. Aldis, medical officer of health for the district of 13t. George, Hanover-square, attended with a memorial signed by upwards of forty of the principal inhabi- tants of Wilton-cresoent and the neighbourhood, one ef whom was Mr. Norton, the Lambeth magistrate, iDirotesimg against the establishment of a sanitarium; as contemplated by the committee, in Kinner- ion-etreet in that neighbourhood, on the ground of the inconvenience it would occasion the com- munity there. He stated that even in the open 'country the -excreta of aniinala affected by the disease was something fearful, ana that he him- self had been ill for nearly two days from the offensive odour which he had experienced at a place in Kent. The chairman (Mr. Gibbins) explained that the object of the committee in establishing sanitariums was to get cowkeepers, whose herds might be attacked, to give to the ceiamittee the earliest information of the attack, ao that the infected animals might be at once removed to an hospital, with a view to a possible cure, or at all events to separate them as early as possible from the rest of the herd which might be free from the disease; and he complained that the Government was thwarting their exertions.—Dr. Aldis, in reply to the chairman, said he did not object to the principle of sanitariums, and if the symptoms of the disease could be early watched by competent persons, and treated by them, great advantage might result in saving the infected beasts. He adverted to a barbarous remedy which was being resorted to in some. plases, viz., of bleeding the infected animals, and compelling them to drink a portion of their own blood, impregnated with salt. He thought the public should be guarded against all secret and barbarous remedies.—Professor Disk, of the Veteriniry College, Edinburgh, in a communication to the committee, stated that they had been very un- successful in their sanitarium in Edinburgh; thirty-six cows having died, and only one being likely to re- cover but in various cowsheds in the City they had twenty-two cows recovering. Much depended, he said, in taking the case as soon as the symptoms made their appearance, and that;it was owing to the loss of time in getting the cows to the sanitarium and to take the medicine that they had been so unsuccessful. He mentioned a remedy, which was being used there with advantage, viz., on the earliest symptoms to give a quart bottle of linseed oil, with half a bottle of whiskey or a half to a pound of salts, and repeat the dose next day if the medicine has not operated.-Dr. Whitmore, the medical officer of health for Marylebone district, reported that the number of cattle usually kept there was 1,313; the number disposed of since June 30, for fear of the cattle disease, 214; and the number disposed of since June 30, in consequence of the disease appearing among them, 112.—Eventually, on the motion of Mr. Rudkin, a resolution was adopted authorising a deputa- tion of the committee to the Lords of the Privy Council, on Monday, at three o'clock, to press the Government for an answer to the application of the committee to be allowed to establish sanitariums in the metropolitan districts. The meeting then separ- ated. „

SINGULAR OHARGE OF HOUSEBREAE- ING AND BOBBERY. A case which has caused some little sensation in the neighbourhood, was brought before the West Ridm» r magistrates at Bradford on Monday. Matthew Craven, the son of the assistant overseer of the poor at Calverley, and Benjamin Waller, were charged with hrealdngintoth0 house of Mrs. Frances SuteSSe, widow, of Calverley, and stealing therefrom a sovereign, a corkscrew, and a quantity of bread and meat. Mr. Terry appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. J. G. Hutchinson for the defence. The prosecutrix, who occupies a house and some adjoining premises at Calverley, owed .£1 213: H.d. poor-rate and property- tax, and on Monday, the 28th of August, Mr; John Craven, tfee brother of one of the prisoners, and deputy assistant overseer, made-a distraint upon the hay in her bani. for the amount due. She noticed the distress warrant put up at the barn door, and tore it down. On the following day, having to go to Leeds to pay her rent, and, not having had time to see Craven in the interval, she left with, a neighbour a sum of money with which to settle the, overseer's claim. She returned home with fcer daughter on the Wednesday,, and found the prisoners in possession of the premises. An entrance had been effected into the) house, which she had left properly I) secured, and the prisoners bad helped themselves to refreshments, in the form of bread, meat, and wine. Upon examining a night-chair, which was in the lower room, she found that, out of a sum of money which she had deposited there, a sovereign and two half- sovereigns were missing. She accused Waller of having taken the money, amd he made EO<reply. Her daughter then went for a policeman, and she also went out, leaving the prisoners alone in the house for a short time. When the police arrived, he made a fresh search of the night chair, and found the sove- reign, which the prosecutrix had previously been un- able to discover, jammed in a crevice, where, as the prosecutrix stated, it could not have got without hav- ing been removed from where she had first placed it, i The prisoners, it appeared, had been p-uc in possession of the premises-by Mr. John- Craven, but it was can- tended, on the-part of the prosecutrix that no proper demand had been made upon her for the payment of fhe XI 2s. l|d„, neither had authority beenobtamed from a magistrate or any proper authority authorising the seizure. The prisoners were committed for trials at the assizes, the magistrates, after some hesitation,: offering to accept bail-the prisoners in .,6440 "each, and both of thsin to find sureties, each in ^82001' ii

ARREST OF FENIANS IN DUBLIN AND CORK. The most intense excitement was occasioned in Dublin on Saturday by the announcement that the Government had at length dropped their net over the Fenians. About nine o'clock-on Friday night a strong body of police, in uniform and out of it, marched from the Castle-yard to Parliament-street, and, without making much noise, drew up in two divisions, one above the office of the Fenians' paper, the Irish People, and one below it. A few detectives formed themselves into an advance guard of the most unostentatious character, went to the newspaper office, and knocked at the, door. No answer. There wa.s light in the house, for the detectives could see it; but there was nobody to let them in. The assailing force retired as noiselessly as they had advanced, and a council of war, held at the top of Parliament-street, determined on the next step to be adopted. The door of the People office was quickly broken ia, and the house was instantly filled with police. The constables arrested everybody they could lay hands on, including O'Donovan R-ossa, registered proprietor of the Irish People; Shaun O'Clancy, an employe on the staff of the paper; James Murphy, who describes himself as a "Citizen of Boston;" Thomas Ashe; and some half-a-dozen others. The prisoners were brought downstairs and taken through the street — some of them to the Chancery-lane police-station, near the Castle, and the rest to the College street station; and the ease with which the constables trans- ferred the members of the Fenian Cabinet from Parliament-street to the^places of detention was a practical answer to all the talk about the wide-spread and powerful character of the Fenian craze. The crowd displayed the utmost equanimity while the ten illustrious patriots were being lodged in prison, where they were charged with feloniously and treasonably conspiring and combining with divers other evil dis- posed persons belonging to a certain secret society called the Fenian Brotherhood, having for their object the levying of war in Ireland against the Queen, and separating it from the United Kingdom." The police, who ha.d remained in the house in Parliament-street, set to work to seize everything -types, presses, documents, and copies of the news- paper aDd a cart having been brought to the door, all the "property," which was of a very miscellaneous description) was carried off to the Castle. In order to prevent the news of the arrests from reaching the brethren in the country, police were stationed in the Dublin telegraph offices, and all com- munication with the provinces interdicted. The authorities ware particularly anxious that no telegram should go to Cork; and their anxiety is explained by the following intelligence, which reached Dublin on Saturday: Cobk, SAitrBDA^-—'The ExccTMner' states that the most intense excitement has been caused in this city by the arrest, early this morning, of a large number of persons charged with belonging to the- Fenian Brotherhood. Between three and four o'clock a.m. a, body of police, numbering about one hundred, divided themselves into mail parties and proceeded to make arrests in different parts of the towa, A sword; pistols, and military uniform were found at the house of one of the parties arrested; The latter include several shopmen, an attorney's clerk, an artisan, &e. They have been arrested, it is said, on intelligence given by an informer. A secret inquiry was held; at the city gool this morning, when the prisoners were all either committed for trial orfurfcher examination. A battery of artillery has just arrived from Ballineollig. One hundred copies of the Irish People newspaper have been seized by the police." Further arrests were made in Dublin on Saturday, amounting in all to twenty-two. The-prisoners un- derwent a preliminary examination at the head police- nffioo, an/i wing were sent to the,Richmond Penitentiary. There ia nothing else talked of iu Dairiiu tomb fhc arrest of the Fenians, the seizure of their newspaper, and the Government interference with the-telegraph wires. On all sides, however, the feeling appears to be strongly in support of what has been done, and the forethought and promptitude of the authorities are warmly approved. Proclamation of'Cdrk County and City. A meeting of the Privy Council was held on Satur- day, and an extraordinary edition of the- Dublin Gazette was issued, containing an order, under the Peace Preservation Act, proclaiming the-city and county of' Cork, and interdicting the possession of arms. A Government reward of = £ 2&0 has been oifered for the appl ehension of Jamea Stephens, a person con- nected with the Irisi, People office, passing under several aliases, and believed to have been conducting treasonable correspondence respecting Fenian societies. Six persons, in addition to twenty-two brought up on Saturday, have been since arrested in Dublin. Their names are Ryan, Leeson, O'Connor, Carey, all bricklayers, of 10, St. fames'-terrace, Dolphin's-barn; Martin #'>Hanlon and O'Carey, Fleet-atreet; and Quigley, printer, 10, Upper Abbey-street. Two boxes were found, which, it is believed, contain treasonable documents. I Everything is specially quiet in Dublin. There is no excitement. The organisation seems to have taken no hold on the lower orders generally in the metropolis. The man-of-war Liverpool came into Kingstown- roads oa Saturday, and lay there till Sunday evening, when sho went cruising south. The Soyal George remains at Kingstown. The action of the Government is reliably attributed to a note received in London from Washington, announcing that several agents from, Dublin had arrived in America to enlist disbanded Federal soldiers. The Government immediately seized leaders- ia Dublin and elsewhere simultaneously.

DEATH OF GENERAL LAMORIGIERE. On.Monday, the 11th of September, 1865j died Chris- tophe Leon Juchault de Lamoriciere, General of the French army, who was born at Nantes on the 5th of February, 1806, and entered the service of Charles X. only a few months, before that monarch's fall. He was- educated at the Polytechnic School and at Metz, and the date of his admission as Lieutenant was 1830. Lamoriciere belonged to a Legitimist. family, and was faibhful to its traditions in paying honour to Marshal Bournaont, the Commander-in-Chief appointed < by Charles X., and dismissed by Louis Philippe. He bade adieu to that distinguished officer on shipboard, and nothing but his love for the military profession induced him to remain, instead of resigning his- commission. Et was he who, in the Algerian war, created the world renowned corps Zouaves, to whom he seemed to communicate his own daring spirit and qpick intelligence. He became ckqft' bataillon ia 1833, lieutenant-colonel in 1835, and colonel in 1837; this last promotion following, as a natural result, the gallantry and intelligence which he displayed at the taking of Constantina. With his own hands. he laid the powder-bags to the gates, an i was severely wounded by the explosion, narrowly escaping the poetical fate of the engineer hoist with his own petard." He was recalled to Paris, in 1839 but retiMned to Africa in the following year; and during his stay in that quarter of the globe he shared in no fewer than eighteen campaigns. It may be said of him, as of the greatest warriors of antiquity, that every one of his honours and promotions sprang from some brilliant exploit successfully achieved. At the close of his Algerian career he crowned the triumphs of the expedition which he had organised, by hemming in Abd-el-Kader, and compelling that chieftain to sur- render to the Duo d'Aumale. The political principles or preferences of General Lamoriciere Were not strongly marked; but he acted with the Liberal party. Towards the close of Louis Philippe's reign he took his seat in the Chamber of Deputies with the Dynastic Opposition, and was designated as Minister of War in the Thiers, Mole, or Barrot combinations essayed by the king in his last struggle. In the sanguinary con- flict of June, 1848, which deluged the streets of Paris with blood, he offered his services to his old oomrade Cavaignac, then head of the Government. After the election of Prince Louis Napoleon to the Presidency, Lamoriciefe offered no determined or systematic oppo- sition to the new Government, though he strongly and openly disapproved the policy adopted on Italian affairs, and he continued the consistent supporter of the Republican constitution. At the period of i the Russian intervention in Hungary in 1849 J he accepted a mission from the President of the Court of St. Petersburg. In July, 1851, he recorded his vote against the revision of the constitution • and in November following he voted for the bill which was to place the military force under the control of the As. sembly in the event of any attempt against the con- S11 fw?''a f honour that, in the coup d'dtat of the 2nd of December he was compromised among the eminent men, civilians as well as military, who were arrested by order of the new Minister of the In- terior, M. de Morny. From that period till 1857 he chiefly resided in Belgium. In that year the Emperor spontaneously authorised him to return to France, on the sudden death of one of his children. The bitterest pang that a man like Lamoriciere could feel was on the occasion of the war declared against Russia m 1854. He was passionately attached to his profession, he was in the vigour of life and intellect, several of his old companions in arms were going forth to win new distinctions in war on a grand scale, of which the duration was uncertain; yet he, the bravest among brave men, was left to pine in anobseura retreat, all the "pride, pomp, and circum- stance of glorious war" passing before his eyes, and he not sharing in it. It was to him a season of great anguish. Perhaps, under the entire influence of the great mental struggle, his thoughts took a devotional. tarn and he sought, in the practice of religion, a con- solation for the disappointment of his nobly ambitious hopes. One day a friend of his, a man eminent both Tl? statesma?> called upon Lamori- ciere, and found him engaged over some military maps and plans of the Crimea; but he also ob- served, to his surprise, books of religion h ing °Pen by ^eir side on the same table. He rallied the General on the serious turn which he evinced, ana ventured even to question his sincerity. Lamari- ciere assured his friend that he was never more sincere and that religion was the great comfort of his lite. Impelled, doubtless, by this religious fervour and a desire for an active career, Lamoriciere offered his services to the Pope on the threatened invasion of the Pontifical territories by the Piodmontese troops under Cialdim in 1860. His offer was accepted, and he at once-set about raising and organising a Papa, army but all his exertions proved futile. He was defeated on the 18th of September at Castelfidardo when the greater part of his forces, principally foreigners, surrendered. He himself escaped with a few Norsemen to Anoona; but this city fellon the 29th of September into the hands of General Fanti, and he I Prjsoner. Since that event General Lam or iciere had been living in retirement.

VISIT OF THE FYCHOW PARTY TO ? MARLBOROUGH-HOUSE. wAalnVw5r^M? Parfcy of Celestials, which, literally d-ed br the great Chang Woo Gow, Tnldfvyh °-f th& Weat'-end of Loudon on Tuesday, half the morning being passed by them in snttmg for their portraits at the rooms of the Loadon Stereoscopic Company. In the afternoon they had the honour of being received at Marlborough-house M!' ffiCefn-Ph!I0esa ?f Wales> company of m t? ^ouis of Hesse, the Princess Hilda Dake of Cambridge, and the little Prin- intarMHBo18? Heaee. The interview Was>singularly i .G^rioa3 and original character, all the Celestials being attired in the richest towS PWar u 0l?e' ,tnd bearin £ themselves wMcij wo».d potentate whose brotherhood to the sun and cousin- ship to the moon stars are matters beyond dispute. ihroughout the aufiisaee, for example; the male visi- tors to wear their hats as a sign of respect, m before a police magistrate, they would not be wanting. Only ones, for the purpose of ol> serving mors- exactly the height of Chang, did' the nee of Wales express a desire that, if not positively repugnant to a Chinaman's idea of propriety, he would stand fOs! a.feyr moments bareheaded. Of course 0 hans,. on being to understand the wish of the Prince, oseyea in the grave and courteous manner which cha- racterises him, and w&ich might be described as a obsequious dignity. He also, at the request I u -i100' aB4 ^thKa pencil lent by the Duke; of Cambridge—wnieh pencil, by-the-bye, he bad mssfortune to break by loaning- too lieaxily upon it— wrote his chap" or signature at a height impossible to gness, on'theoraamenfral Wall of the room. Manv questions were asked fey the Eoyal party of Mr. S™ Chiah<>lm, Mr. Mtehell, and Mr. Thomas, ^eomp&Med the Celestials, and. who, with the aid of the two interpreters, were p toferaMy correct information on most of .he points- os interest. The Tartar dwarf, Chung Mow, who is like one of the" Broad Grins from W W* c oasters, caused great amusement by hisg grotesque efforts at gravity. After fanning if? ia, Chinese fashiom, for some time, he mad! Wfi pIiT' xr of his fan to the n Victoria,- having- previously nofcQed that she was m no degree frightened by the giant, certainly c^id not manifest alarm, when approached by the dwarf. Her Royal Flighncsa, with the permission. of the Prince and Princess of Hesse fw^6n'pl' aS!?pted thfT"kara3faa<' and smiled her thanks. The- Plrancess of Wiles was graciously pleased; receive from Chang a letter of compliment, in the Chinese character, and full of that language which Thiy^r6?3ea the genina of the Flowery Land. Ihe folio win? is a translation: "Most gracious Tr.ti.fi1110683 1 5>ffer 7ou my devotion, tor baiB^ noMe honour you have done-me in permit- mg me to Come mto your great presence; ant 1 prav that your heaven-conferred country may in aM: future time-contInue-at peaoe with mine. KingFoo, my humble wifa:s,nd my fellow-travellers also bag to join. their admiration with mine of your great good-heartedness," This singular letter concluded with some expressiome fTr^18611!' whicfa' as a matter of form, are latS'yrnen- of Chang, batwhich, trans- lated mto English, would convey an idea of syco- phancy qmte foreign to their real meaning. The dwarf Ohung Mow was moved to utter a short aad fervid address, which was listened feo with great kindness by the Prince- and Princess of Wales and their Royal relatives, all cf whom expressed the greatest, pleasure with the visit of the six Celestials. i

A BAD CUSTOM IN NEWGATE MARKET. At th& Sheriff's, cocrt, Red Lion-street, on Saturday, the case- of Sketchley v. Elliott was introduced. The Plaintiff, a salesman, of ISTe wgate market sought to recover from the defendant, a retail butcher-, .£1133. for some beef, and arose out of the custom, pursued by the salesmen. of Kewgate-market of not giving a reeeipt when money is paid for meat. Upon a former occasion his honour (Mr. Gibbons) j declined to decide between the parties, as the plaintiff swore he never received the money, and the defendant mi poaitiveiy swore-he had -paid it. On Saturday Mr Abbott examined the plaintiff as to the rule pursued in giving tickets. Plaintiff said that when a person had weekly credit, the custom was only to put on the ticket the weight and price of the meat, but when the customer was only casual then the price was earned out. Plaintiff's brother said he was present when de- fendant was spoken to about the alleged non-payment, and defendant said he would think about it. George Larkin said that the meat was not paid for W, en eQ away, and the defendant asked if the plaintiff woffild mind its being left till the morning. Dafendant declared that he had paid for the meat at the time. The custom was when the meat was not paid for to give a ticket with only the weight and price, but when the money was paid the price was carried out. His Honour: Do you mean to swear that you mid fer this meat ? Defendant: I do. His Honour: In what coins ? Defendant: One sovereign and a. half sovereign in gold, and three separate shillings. His Honour having summed up, the jury found a verdict for the defendant. His Honour said he could not quarrel with this verdict, though it was a kind of case he should not have decided himself. He did not think it was a case of hard swearing, but a mistake had occurred somewhere, and each party believed he was telling the truth.

—; The oyster is emphatically the one edible that must not be chewed it absolutely requires swallowing at one gulp. Accordingly, we find our ancestors, in their proverbial wisdom, taking the coming in of oysters as synonymous with the going out of summer. To what else can we attribute the universally-accepted axiom that "one swallow"—obviously alluding to oyster. eating—"one swallow doesn't prove it summer ?" Q(hsjssll's Family Paper.

1.HE LATE CHARGE OF CONSPIRACY AND PERJURY. We are indebted to the Morning Star for the follow- ing digest of the Valentin-Bouillon case, which promises to be about the longest and most complicated in the recent annals of our law courts. Now in the presence of a police magistrate, then before a judge at nvsi pnus, then before a police magistrate again; next before the Recorder of London, and then under different aspects before various police magistrates it has been reported bit by bit, until those who have not watched it narrowly must wonder what it is all about. Everybody concerned in it appears at one time or another to have been charged with perjury, forgery, or ft 1S3a Bayin2 amon§r barristers when any case of hard swearing turns up that it is as bad as a trial in respect to the warranty of a horse or a suit in the Admiralty Court. Horses and ships have been regarded as specially provocative of perjury. They will have now to yield the palm to the Valentin case. From first to last it is, perhaps, as dirty a piece of business as can well be conceived. Where the truth lies it is impossible to say. (Edipus himself would be puzzled to solve the problem. In- deed, so numerous and intricate have been the pro- ceedings on the one side and the other, that a large stock of patience has been necessary to read through them, and a still larger stock of patience to endeavour to make out of the tangled web a plain story. Let us here tell it as briefly as possible, without endorsing the statements on the one side or the other. In 1830 there lived at Bordeaux a M. Danvers a man in a fair way of business, prosperous, but un- married. In that year he made the acquaintance of Mdlle. Louise Pierrette Valentin, then a book-keeper at a cafe. A few months afterwards Mdlle. Valentin went to lira with M. Danvers as his wife, and they co- habited together for upwards of thirty years. M. Danvers had an illegitimate daughter by another woman, and this child was brought up by Madame Valentin until, in course of time, she married a M. Bouillon. Here, then, are all the parties to the diffi- culty originally. In 1861 M. Danvers retired fcrom business, and went with Madame Valentin to live in Earis. There^ ahe was introduced everywhere as Ms wife. In September, 1862, he became ill, and then ex pressed a wish to marry his mistress. The necessary notices were given to the civil authorities, and the 17th of September fixed for the wedding. On that day, however, he died. He left a will and codicil by which he bequeathed a to Madame Valentin and sundry legacies to his relations and friends. By the law of France, Madame Bouillon, his adopted daugh- Nw,18 GHfcjtied to all the property left by him be- yond that which he had specially devised. Thus the difficulty arose. It was known that M. Danvers had, a large number of shares in different railways and other undertakings, and these Madame- Bouillon as heiress sought to claim. They were not to be found, however, and Madame Valentin was charged with stealing them. Here it may be noted that Madame Bouillon denies that Madame Valentin was more than a favoured M- 5aavers' Oa the 4th of December, 18b4 Madame Valentin was arrested and brought before the Juge d'Instruction of the Department of the Seine. There she seems to have denied that she had more than a few of the missing shares, and these she declared M. Danvers had given her. The conrt did not believe her statement, but sentenced her to six months imprisonment, and afterwards to pay the value of the missing shares. She went to prisoni and remained there until the six months had ex- i^fi:UarTraS ma,dc of Jean Lafourcade, who was in some way connected with a club of stockbroker^ and, indeed, went to live in the same house with him aid his wife. A little later she l atid remained at that place till July, 1864, when she returned to Paris. In Septem- ber of that year Lafourcade sold for her some of the shares and handed to her the amount he had re- ceived for them -94c,Ot)()fr. Immediately afterwards she and Lafourcade came over to London. And now we have the beginning of the proceedings m Eugland. M. Bouillon found that some of the missing shares had been sold, and that Madame Valentin (who had assumed an alias) had come to England. He consulted a M. Hall, an attorney in Paris, and he inatrmcted his brother, an attorney in loadon, to endeavour to get the property from | Madame Valentin. As to the character of the measures he took there is a good deal of doubt. What is clear is that Jean- JLafourc ade, in consideration nf a sum of < £ 480, undertook to herp in the recovery of the shares. An action was commenced! against Madame Valentin, and m December, 1864, Lafour- cade and a man named Comlane swore affida- vits before Mr. Baron Martin that they had repeatedly heard her say she was going to America tn evade the trial of the action. tIponthis a writ of scorns was issued, and Madame Valentin was arrested +L l °1 D^€%mhf>r' Then a sham writ was put into the haads of Caulane, and he pretended that he was arrested and should be retained in custody unless i'Madame Valsntin gave Mm the means of obtaining his release. Under the impression that she was causing rhis incarceration, she told him that a portion of the property was in a black bag at the hotel in Dean- street, Soho, where had been staying. Mr Hall Coulane and Lafoureade went there, induced the landlady, by some means or other to give uo the bag, and, cutting it open, Mr. Hall took out share-scrip, and coupons which it contained. Meanwhilethe aetion against Madame Valentin pro- ceeded, and as she was in prison it was undefended and the verdict went against her, of courae.' She S cured the services of an attorney, ho wever, and a new trial was applied- for, and granted. It took place in June last, in the Court of Exchequer, before Mr Barron Pigott, Madame Valentin was brought up from Prison to be examined for the defence, and she then stated that, finding he could not be married M Danvers told her on his deathbed she was justly his wife, and therefore entitled to half hia property • and in order that she might possess it he gave her a. parcel containing 100,000fr. and the shares in question These she deposited with a friend whose name she refused,to disclose. The jury, after hearing the evi- dence of the facts we have summarised, found a verdict for the defendant Valentin. Jean Lafourcade 1 11 was examineaupon thatillial, and showed to very poor advantage. No sooner was it over than he was brought in t>f« -f TRtstlatet.char^ed with Penury tbe afMav!t which he had sworn to procure thi defondant a arrest. He was committed for trial, and the case was heard at the Central Criminal Court before the Recorder on the 15th and 16th of August. Lafourcade was found guilty and sentenced to eighteen months' imprisonment and the jury censured) Mr. Hall for the manner in which he had obtained possession of the bag of the prosecutrix. She was examined on the trial, and gswore that she never was in London before the 2W w 2611, of September, 1864 Oa the21°Uf i™g„t oaiioa was made at the Msrlborongh-atteet rS- court for a summons against Mr. Hall and others for conspiracy _to obtain the arrest and imprisonment of Madame Valentin, the offences consisting in the affair with the false affidavits of Coulane and Lafour- the fa^ity of which, it was alleged, Mr. Mali was not merely cognisaat of, but had in- SrtUi0 C iQ support Of this charge was to be that of Coulane, who had at the trial at the Central Criminal Court gone over to the side of Madame Valentin. The summons was granted. On August 23, application was made at Guildhall for a summons against Madame Valentin to answer a charge of perjury in that she had sworn she was not in London before the 25th or 26th of (September, whereas she had been here with Lafour- cade on the 9th or 10th of September endeavouring fruitlessly to sell the shares. Part of the evidence in support of this charge, besides the statements of several witnesses, was a memorandum, alleged to be in the writing of Madame Valentin, and which had been abstracted from her bag While this charge was pending a summons wag taken out by Mr. Hall against Coulane for perjury, but Coulane has not been found On the other hand, Mr. Hall has been charged with forging the sham writ alluded to above, but Mr. Ariiold has refused to send him for trial on the ground that it is not a forgery in law. Mr. Hall has alao been arrested, and charged with forging additions to the document by the aid of which he hope! £ P«aT0 ^dame Valentin guilty of perjury. This Madfmfl v ier?ani. Car^en to entertain. Madame Valentin has, however, been committed for trial. for perjury, and her case will be heard at the i?! of the Central Criminal Court. Mean- while the charge of conspiracy against Mr. Hall stands over. Finally, M. Bouillon has obtained a rule nisi, tor a ne w trial of his action against Madame Valentin for the recovery of the shares and other property, and it, will have., to be argued in November next. We have act yet done, therefore, with the case. It will,