The Illustrated Usk Observer and Raglan Herald

A Breaek of Ifeutrality. —The National Intelligencer, the organ of Mr. Seward, the United States Secretary of State, after asking who "stole the wits of Crazy Train," says-" We dismiss this harlequin, to whom we have perhaps devoted too much space. But not so England. The depth of hate to which the heart of that nation must have, gone before it could let loose this fellow on our shores amid our present distresses is absolutely unimaginable. The Mason and Slidell affair we can forgive. The Times and the Herald we can forgive, but to permit Train. to come here was simply diabolical and unpardonable. Perfidious Albion! You had Train; you might have held- him;; we should have waited all questions of international law if you had not Only nabbed him but sent bina to Australia. You had many colonies open to you; but, deliberately you let him come here to this afflicted people. Is this what we reap from the grain sent to Ireland in her famine? Is this what those who petted your. Prince had a right to expect? Oh! Albion, how could you!" The firemen of St. Amand, near Amiens, have established an exercise which they call the "tirhydraulic." in which the tube of a fire-engine replaces the rifle. An iron target is erected, in which a hole is pierced. The target is raised 15 feet from the ground by means of a pole. The water, driven by a fire-engine placed at a dis- tance of 25. feet from the target, is received into the central opening, and falls by means of a, funnel into a cask capable of holding 25 gallons. The prize is adjudged to the fireman who- shall- Ml the-■vessel in the shortest thne. This period varied, on the first trial: from 1 minute 43 seconds to 3 minutes 30 seconds. The firemen are de- lighted with this new practice, and they have returned thanks to their captain] swho originated the idea. 1

REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT. There are i-n Great Britain and Ireland about 7,400.000 males above 20 years of age. Deducting 600,000 for paupers and 60,000 for criminals, there remain 6,740,000 men who constitute the balk and strength of this nation, and are assumed to bo actually and adequately represented in the national councils by the 656 gentlemen who compose the House of Commons. It is almost incredible, but is strictly true, that out of these 6,740,000 English- men, 5,421,461, or about 81t per cent., have no voice in the selection of members of the House of Commons, any more than the inhabitants of Russia, Austria, or China. Ever since the Reform Bill was carried the electoral duties and privileges of 6,740.000 Britons are exercised and enjoyed by 1,318,539 persons, called electors, acknowledged to be, as a whole, not more intel- ligent, trustworthy, or patriotic than the vast multi- tude resolutely excluded from the franchise. Upon. what principle are the 80 per cent. excluded ? Is it with their knowledge and consent? and do the 20 per ceut. honestly represent the whole, and pass such measures as would be passed if the 80 were allowed a voice ? It was said of the cavalry charge. in the Crimea, This is very magnificent, but it is not war;" so it iray be said of the arrangement we are considering, It may be very good as far as it goes, but it is not representative government." Nor is this exclusion of four out of five freeborn Britons from one of their dearest privileges the only ano- maly. If the 5,421,461 men enjoyed the franchise in equal proportion, about 8,264 would select at member or, if the 1,318,539 electors were equally represented, 2,000 would choose one member. But the constituencies are so unequally and arbitrarily divided, that about 100 residents in a small town in Ireland send one member, while in one English county 57,000 electors send only six members. One- third of the House of Commons, 220 members, are elected by 70,000 men, less than one-fifth of the electoral body, and scarcely more than one per cent, of that great host of free-born Britons who are de- luded into the belief that they have a voice in the management of their own affairs, and that especially in the spending of their own hard-earned money. The strangest part of the whole, however, is, that upwards of 5,000,000 of disfranchised Englishmen^ Soots, and Irishmen, are contented to b6 set at; nought by their nominal representatives, and to, allow every proposal for a reform in the representa- tion to be met by a cool and contemptuous refusals Why should the 20, who have the power, admit the 80 to any participation of it ? They certainly never will, while the 80 are ignorant of their rights, op indifferent to their enjoyment.

GARIBALDI'S HEALTH. The French medical journal, the Gazette dee Hospitaux publishes a long letter from the eminent French surgeon, Professor Nelaton, containing a; technical account of his visit to Garibaldi. In describing the probing of the wound, he says that the stylet penetrated the wound very easily without causing the least pain. Piercing it transversely, at 21 centimetres he was stopped by a hard body. 2 11 giving, on being struck, a dull noise, very different from the sharp sound which results from contact with the bone. This, he has no doubt whatever, is the ball, The general state of the patient is as favourable as possible, when it is re- membered that for 30 days be was without sleep. There is no fever, the skin is fresh, and appetite good. The sleep is sufficient and resto- rative. The countenance is calm, dignified, with- out any expression of suffering." An immediate extraction of the ball would, he thinks, be inju- rious. The proceeding most simple and devoid of danger consists in dilating gradually the canal of the wound up to the point where the foreign body is present. This dilitation is to be effected by the introduction of little cylinders of gentian roots of increasing size, for which may be sub- stituted in a few days a fragment of prepared sponge. The probabilities are that the ball can then be seen and touched and seized by the forceps, With regard to the proposition of an amputation, Professor N61aton says, I do not admit this extreme resource, except in the case, contrary to all probability, of some grave complication arising such as a deep abscess, abundant and inexhaustible suppuration, evident deterioration of the constitution, in a word-a danger of death. One word more. In my opinion the General will recover, but his re- covery will require some months yet, and will leave a rigidity in the joint of the foot, the inevitable consequence of an injury which has affected the osseous joint surfaces. But this demi-ancliilosis will but slightly impede the function of that member."

THE WAR IN AMERICA, r The latest telegrams from New York show the same uncertainty as ever. We had been led by previous accounts to expect a battle, and we hear of a retreat. We were told that M'Clellan had crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry that one division of his army had marched up to Shepherd's Town- ford, and another bad advanced as far as Charles- town, where he had fixed his head-quarters; that the main body of the Confederates were in the neigh- bourhood of Winchester, occupying a line from Bunker's-hill to the Shenandoah and blocking up the valley. These movements, according to all es- tablished probabilities, were to be regarded as the precursors of a great battle, whereas we are now coolly informed that on the evening of the 21st M'Clellan's head-quarters were at Harper's Ferry, and that reconnoitring parties were returning to that place with the news that Confederates were massed in heavy force etween Charlestown and Martinsburg. It is eves, said that M'Clellan is unable to advance for want of clothing and shoes, and intends going at once into winter quarters. The transition from the sublime to the ridiculous is not more sudden or severe than the le change of a view from a vast army marching in its strength towards a glorious victory, to that same, army suddenly arrested and sent back to winter quarters through a deficiency of shoeleather. We now see the full meaning of General Stuart's raid in Pennsylvania. It has been the theme of many profound conjectures; but it would now appear to be a repetition on a great scale of the domestic manoeuvre of locking up the clothes. They would have us believe that the Con- federate General ran away with the boots, and M'Clellan's army is forced to wait at Harper's Ferry until a fresh supply is forthcoming. Seriously, however, it is hardly to be supposed that a want of supplies is the effectual reason which has stopped M'Clellan's advance into Virginia. He probably found the Confederates too strongly posted to admit of a battle being fought upon advantageous terms, and so, not daring to risk a defeat, he turned his march into a reconnaissance', and retraced his steps. The near approach of win- ter leaves but a few wee&s open to active opera- tions, and if it is true that M'Clellan has turned back, we are not likely to hear of a great battle on the Potomac till spring comes round again. As matters now stand, the results of M'Clellan's campaign are so different from what was expected six months ago, that if any one bad foretold it, he would have been thought a madman. The pre- sence of a Confederate army within a day's march of Pennsylvania is felt as a humiliation by the North and M'Clellan's indisposition or inability to remove the foe to a more respectful distance is sure to provoke discontent. The uncertainty which* hung over the operations in the south-west is, in part dissipated by more recent intelligence. The battles of Corinth and I Pocahontas were decisive victories for the Federals. The Southern journals make no attempt to disguise this fact. They tell us, with rtfreshing candour, that The enemy fought determinedly, and were splendidly manoeuvred the. credit of these splendid manoeuvres being due to Rosen- cranz who commanded in person. The Con- federates were the assailants,, and at first were successful. They carried the Federal intrenchments, and penetrated into the- centre of the town. Then was seen what skilful. g-eneralsbip, and undaunted bravery can aeeomplish. Rosencranz rode up and down his lines, cheering his men, and urging them to strenuous resistance. His artillery was planted aoas to sweep the Confederate reserves. Just when the decisive struggle was at hand, the Confederates were told that formidable reinforcements for the Federal army were approaching in their rear. t, Thus," says a Southern paper, with valour in front and danger behind, they gave way, not in the nicest order." We should assume from this that it the Federalforee which was approaching from Pocahontas with a. like result." The Confederates estimate their loss, in both engagements, to upwards of 5,000 men, adding that the enemy's loss must have been much greater-a customary formula with both sides in describing a battle, on which we must assess our own value. But the interest of military operations is for the moment eclipsed by the incidents of political war- fare. The autumn elections are now in progress for most of the Northern States and as the issue of the ballot-box is virtually war or peace, the result is one of surpassing importance. To allay any anxieties which the too speedy prospect of a pacific settlement might arouse in the minds of holders of cotton, a correspondent of a contemporary writing from New York says, that the members who are elected to Congress will not take their seats till next December twelvemonths, and will therefore have no influence in the approaching session of the Legis- lature. The importance of the elections for the present is due entirely to the evidence they will afford of the temper of the public. From the returns which have so far been announced, we cannot pre- tend to estimate the comparative gain to either party, though it seems probable that the Democrats, who, under the thinnest disguise, are in favour of peace, will obtain an increase of strength. The contest which. absorbs all others is that which is being waged for the post of Governor of New York. The partisans of Seymour, the Democrat, and General Wadsworth, the Republican, are equally zealous, and equally confident of success. The speeches recently made at the H ratification meeting" of the Democratic party in New York, by Mr. Seymour and Mr. Van Buren, and the letter from General Scott, of March, 1861, cannot but produce a power- ful effect. General Scott's letter comprises the main arguments which have been urged against the war- like policy of the North,, and, coming from a man of vast experience, and undoubted patriotism, whom no partisan ingenuity can twist into a "Southern sympathiser," they deserve to be weighed without prejudice. No better illustration of these arguments could- be found than the present state of New Orleans. If the effect of the most brilliant victories should be to make the whole of the South like New Orleans, the warmest friend of the North must ex- claim, God save them from such a calamity!

i THE DISTRESS IN LANCASHIRE. The Lord Mayor of London, on Monday, received £ 999 odd towards the Mansion-house Relief Fund for the distressed people. The Chamber of Com- merce at Madras, through Mr. W. H. Crake, sent £ 230 j the congregation of the church of Mon- treux, Switzerland, through Mrs. Janet Kay Shut- tleworth, after a sermon by the Rev. J. Barnett, £.31 10s.; second contribution from Trinity Church, Greenwich, through the Rev. J. W. North, æ17 5s. 6d. Beresford Episcopal chapel, Wal- worth, through the Rev William Lincoln, £56 13s. 8d.; collected in Guildford by the Work- ing Men's Institute, through the mayor, S83 4s. S. M., £50; Mr. James Vere, £ 30; Messrs. Irying, Ebsworth, and Holmes, Y,21 Mr. James Malcolm, £ -20; Mr. Edward James Darnell, £ 25; the Fair Trade Union of Hatters, Oldham, £ 20 offerings at St. Peter's Church, Bournemouth, £ 15 Messrs. Grosvenor, Chater, and Co., zC40 Messrs. Per- kins, Bacon, and Co., £ 25 Messrs. Munt, Brown, and Co., j625 collection in Holy Trinity Church, Vauxhall-bridge-road, through the churchwardens, X38 12s. 4d. subscribed at the Oriental Bank Corporation at Colombo, through Mr. George Didf, £ 34. It may interest "B. M. A. from whom half of It; £5 bank-note was received on the 10th of October, to know that the second half has not yet arrived. Down to Monday evening' about 300 bales, boxes, and bundles of cast-off wearing apparel and blankets in all had been received at the committee's depot, at Bridewell Hospital, Bridge-street, Blackfriars, and more was on its way. Among others, Messrs. Gaimes, Sandars, and Nicol, of Birehin-lane, on Monday, sent 140 new hats and caps, 30 new articles, including coats, waistcoats, and trousers, and 18 yards of new cloth M. E. J." or M. E. T." a bale of new blankets; the parishioners of Neyland, through the Rev. C. W. Green, a large box, con- taining all kinds of suitable things* for men, women, and children and A Mother and Daughter," a quantity of winsey and flannel. Three men are now engaged from morning till night in sorting and storing the clothing as it arrives, or in packing it for carriage to places in the distressed districts. People of all classes are sending what they can spare to the depot, at Bridewell Hospital, and in time a great stock will be accumulated, from which grants will be made by the Mansion-house Committee for distribu- tion by the varions local relief committees. The great mass of the clothing which arrives at the dep6t is of the most suitable description for men, women, and children, and much of it is underclothing, especially flannel, selected with commendable fore- thought. Ladies having an eye to the local sewing classes, occasionally send new materials for dresses for women and children, with thread, needles, tape, and the like. Some odd things turn up; an old- fashioned pair of top boots, for instance, a pair of leather breeches and a hunting coat, a pair of dress shoes with buckles, a ball dress, and a number ot satin shoes here and there were found in packageao; cast-off, clothing, for the most part of a substantial kind but such articles are exceptional The Statement of a Clergyman. The Rev. F. H. Williams, incumbent of Christ- Church, Ashton-under-Lyne, addressing a letter to a morning contemporary, says:- I am sure I had no idea yesterday of troubling you with another letter for some time to come, and I certainly felt I had no right to do so, yet I find myself this morning writing to you before breakfast- It is still to repeat the same sad story, only growing sadder day by day. This morning, on rising pretty early, the long- dreaded sight that met me at my window was a world white with the virgin frosts of winter, and on eoming downstairs I find my doors, back and front, besieged by old and young, shivering in their thread- bare rags, and asking, have the gentlemen and ladies in London yet sent them any clothes or coal ? 'We never thowt it 'ud cum to this wi' us, maisther, but mony a onG that's hearty tn-di-Y 'ull be dead afore long at this gate, and then it'll o'be o'er wl'nm, a sooner and better for some on us.' "Alas Sir, the Spectacle in the garden wlvilo I write would wring tears from the haughtiest heart. The rigour of the Lancashire winter nights may now be considered to have fairly set in. "Last night there was a meeting at my school of females, mothers and youag women, perhaps about a thousand. There were no professional agitators there. No men were invited save a few superin- tendents of the Sunday schools. But hundreds of mothers and sisters told their simple touching tales of children pining in sickness, unclothed, unnourished of whole families without a- bed or blanket, lying on the bare flags or boards all night close to the little spark of fire fed by a few gathered cinders from. the coalpit bank, but expiring in, the grate for want of proper fuel, and themselves only covered by the thin coat or frock they wear by day and have been wearing all through the summer The white frost of to-day, that would have been hailed with such delight by vigorous boys and girls in. better days, seems to have brought their fears and sufferings to a crisis, and their cry is, Are the ladies and gentlemen from London going to send us a bit of clothes or fire?' They have learnt already to entertain a great opinion of the sympathy of Lon- don and its gentry. Sir, scores of these are personally known to myself as heads of families that, two years ago, were proud, prosperous, and self reliant, liberal and willing supporters by their little contributions when any good cause in church or school, or private charity, appealed to them. Perhaps this letter, if you print it, may stir some still hesitating hearts. Clothes and coal are as necessary now as bread, I have witnessed much misery in my time. but never such as that which now darkens well-nigh every, home in Ashton-under-Lyne. A Worthy Millowner. Another correspondent, writing from Ashton under-Lyne, after relating, with much minuteness, the sufferings. of the district, and the number of persons unemployed, states that this week's returns show an increase of 500 hands, and 3,000 have lost the little- work they then had. It will be seen, therefore, that Ashton is rapidly getting to its worst. A large proportion of the 3,798 short- timers will be thrown out altogether very shortly, but there is every probability that the single mill still in full work will con- tinue to run through the winter. This fortunate mill is owned by a gentleman well known both here and elsewhere for the leading part which he takes in all matters relating to the cotton trade, and who throughout the crisis has set an example to his fel- lows which it would have been well for them had they followed more extensively. By his foresight and boldness his hands have been completely pro- tected: from the least breath of the storm, and, so far from making this a pretext for buttoning up his breeches pocket, he has been from the first both publicly and privately one of the most liberal givers in the district. Had more millovvners taken the same view of the probabilities of the crisis and of their, own responsibilities, Lancashire would not be | in its present evil plight. 11 The Bishop of Salisbury on Lancashire Distress. The following pastoral address from the Lord Bishop of Salisbury, with reference to raising periodical sub- scr ptions, &c., in the diocese towards the relief of the distoosse-d,oparatives in the manufacturing districts, has ju t been forwarded by his lordship to the clergy in Wilts and Dorset. « nr j Ti, Palace, Salisbury, Oct. 31, My dear Brethren,—! have received advice from Manchester which determines me to appeal without any fuither delay to the clergy of my diocess' to adopt at once someplan for collecting the aims of their parishioners for the relief of our brethren in the manufacturing dis- tricts. These alms may be collected in various ways— after sermons, after meetings, by subscriptions, by the offertory; and I will leave it to you to decide how far you can use one or more, or even all of these mears. But I would at the same time urge upon you that it will be most helpful not only to those who need such aid, but to those also who have the blessing of giving it, that such relief should be collected periodically, as long as it pleases our Heavenly Father to allow this heavy burden of sorrow to remain upon them. I would further ask you to plead with your parish- ioners to add to abundant alms-deeds their prayers in behalf of their brethren who are enduring the miseries of poverty with such exemplary patience, that our Almighty and Merciful God may give them day by day grace according to their need, and bring to a close this season of their xeverest trial and discipline. "Remittances maybe made through any bankers to the credit of the 'Fund for the Relief of Distress in the Manufacturing Districts,' with Messrs. Heywood, Bro- thers, Manchester. "I remain, your affectionate Bishop and brother, W. K. Sarum. P.S. I request you not to return to me the inclosed paper so long as the present distress continues, and so renewed efforts to relieve it are needed."

THE FENCIITJRCH STREET MURDER. Samuel Gardner, 30, and Elizabeth Humbler, 19, were jointly ind;cted for the wilful murder of Elizabeth Gard- ner, on the 15th of September, in Northumberland-court, Fenchurch-s treat. Mr. Poland and Mr. Beasley prosecuted. Mr. Ribton appeared for the male prisoner, and Mr. Sleigh for the woman. The case having been opened at considerable length, Mr; Poland was about to submit to the jury some statements which had been made by the female prisoner, when The Lord Chief Baron said he could not allow such a course. Not a shade of guilt "had yet been thrown by the learned counsel on the woman, and be suggested that in her case a verdict of not guilty should be taken, and; that she be called as a witness, which would expose her to cross-examination. After some conversation a verdict of not guilty was taken in the case of the prisoner. Catherine Kemp, a little girl residing at No. 5, ex- amined by Mr. Beasley, said she lived at No. 5, Northumberland-court. The prisoner lived at No. 1. She last saw Mrs. Gardner on Sunday evening, the, 14th of September. She appeared in her usual state of health. A poliee-cottstable of the City police said he was on duty in Northumberland-court on Sunday, the' 14th of September. He had been in the habit of calling the prisoner, whose habit it was to chalk on the door-post the time at which he wanted to be called in the morning. On the Sunday night he marked half-past three on the door-post, and witness called him at a quarter-past three. He answered by tapping at the window on the first floor. He saw the prisoner about half-past four or five. He saw him come up the alley. Being a sweep he carried his machine on his shoulder. Witness said, I called you before your time this morning, Mr. Gardner." He said, It makes no difference," and passed on. Nothing attracted his attention about the house while he was on duty on Sunday night. On the Monday morning he, heard of the Occurrence which had taken place, and between ten and eleven o'clock he saw the prisoner. Witness said he was sorry for what had taken place. The prisoner said, "I am sorry, too. I did not think- she would ha i^e been guilty of such a thing, as we have been on good terms." He asked witness whether he saw a light in his bed-room after he left home on that morning. He replied that he did not. Prisoner told him that his wife had some time previous received letters insulting to her character, which were laid on a chair by her bed side, with a wedding ring, and broach also. He added, that whenever his wife took up a newspaper and read of a suicide, she said that those persons who committed such acts could not be in their proper state of mind. Bradshaw, a constable in the West India Docks, said the company had warehouses in Fenchurch-street, He had known Gardner some jears. At six o'clock or a little after, on the 15th of September, he passed Gardner's house, d heard a peculiar scream repeated once or twice. The lower part of the house was shut. The screams came from the first floor. One blind was down and the other up. After he had heard-what took place in the moming, he told the police what he had heard. Mr. Seqaeira, surgeon, of 1, Jewry-street, Aldgate, said he had known the prisoner over six years. He had attended his wife six years. He knew Humbler, who came to him a few minutes before eight o'clock on the morning of Sept. 15. She had a child two or three years of age with her. She said, G, do come immediately, Mrs. Gardner has cat her throat," Ile wenc inm aer to Norctiuinueriana-court, ana went into the room on the first floor. The body was lying straight on the ground parallel to the bedstean. The windows faced the door, and on the right-hand was the bed. The foot of the bed faced the window. The right-hand side of the bed was against the wall. Mrs. Gardner's feet were close against the door-post. She had only a flannel vest and a chemise on, He placed his hand on the thigh and found it was quite cold. The lower part of the trunk was warm, but the upper part, about the shoulders, was quite cold. life opinion was that she had been dead about four hours. The left hand was on the chest, with the fingers, a little con- tracted, towards the throat. The right hand was also on the chsst, holding the knife. There was a sooty im- pression on the left elbow, and also on the left wrist. There were sooty finger-marks on the wrist, but the mark on the elbow was,irregular. The throat was cut, and there was a pool of blood under both sides of the throat. There was no blood below the collar-bone. The wound on the throat was about 2t inches in length, from the apple of the throat down towards the left. It was It of an inch in depth, deepest near the shoulder. He after- wards saw a knife. Such a wound might have been inflicted by it. The woman could not have inflicted such a wound with her right hand. After he and Humbler had been there some time the prisoner came in. He said, What's this ? And he then stooped down, and took the knife out of the deceased's right hand. (The knife, a common table knife, smeared with blood, was produced and identified by the witness.) The prisoner did not touch the body in any way before he took the knife out of her hand. The knife left the hand quite easily. The back of the knife was to the palm of the hand, so that on being lifted up the back of the knife would have been to the throat. If the woman had com- mitted the act, the hand would have been firmly grasped. The prisoner, looking at Humbler, said, ''You wretch, you have d'me this." Humbler fell down on her knees, and called God to witness that she knew nothing about it. Gardner then left the room, and took the child with him. There were several chairs in the room, but one at the foot of the bed particularly attracted his attention. On the chair was a wedding ring, a likeness of Mr. Gardner, some valentines, and some letters unopened. There was a table in the room, and all the things in the room were quite orderly. Humbler showed her hands to the police in his presence, but there was nothing on them but dirt. Her hands did not appear to have been washed for some time. The sheet on the bed appeared to have been dragged down, and a portion of it was lying underneath the body. He examined the walls. Afterwards several marks of blood on the walls were pointed out to him, but they were not there when he first examined them. There were cuts on the left hand, and on one finger a cut had gone through to the bone. There were two slighter cuts. They appeared to have been caused by grasping the knife. On the right hand there were several cuts. Altogether there were five cuts on the left hand, and six on the right h'md. On the right thigh there was the impression of the palm of the hand and a thumb, He could distinctly trace the marks of blood pointing down. The hand was broader than his own. He saw the mark on the thigh before he touched it. Cross-examined by Mr. Ribton: The body must have been dead four hours. Certainly more than three hours must have elapsed. He did not find the marks on the body before the prisoner arrived. The carotid artery was not divided. The woman might have screamed. He con- sidered it quite impossiba that the woman could have in- flicted the wounds on her own hands. Mr. Gowley, 71, High-street, Whitechapel, said: On the evening of Tuesday, the 16th, he was present with the last witness at the post-mortem examination of Mrs. Gardner. He had heard his description of the wounds. and concurred in it. The last witness was recalled, and, in answer to the Lord Chief Baron, said Mrs. Gardner was in the family way. She was between her sixth and seventh month, and had engaged him to attend on her. He was of opinion that the wound on Mrs. Gardner's throat was not stlf-infiicted. Elizabeth Humbler called: She said, I am the wife of John Humbler, a painter, and am 19 years of age. My name was formerly Clark. I have known the pri- soner since I was eleven years old, and acted as servant. I lived with him in the house. He was married. He had one child, nine or ten years of age. The father had- sent her in the country three or four weeks before the occurrence. I left Gard- ner's, and went back when I was about 16 years of age. An improper intimacy then took place between me and the prisoner. About twelve H,onths ago I married my present husband. About three months and a week before this happened I again went to live at Gardner's house. I went and asked Mr. and Mrs. Gardner to let me go there. Mr. and Mrs. Gardner did not live on particularly good terms; When I went back to Gardner's house, since I was married, I renewed my connection with Gardner. On the Sunday night I went up to bed in my ,own room. I bade Mr. and Mrs. Gardner good night. I rose about half-past seven on the Monday morning. From the time I went up to bed at night until I came down in the morning I never left the room at all. When I came down in the morning I went into a room on the ground floor. I Gooked at the clock and found it was half-past seven. < I set fire to the, paper in the grate, and having only one lucifer match I was afraid it would go out. I knew the lucifer box was upstaits. I went up stairs. When I opened the door I saw Mrs. Gardner lying on the floor and the baby lying at her feet. I had got the lucifers before I saw the body. On seeing Mrs. Gardener I dropped the lucifers on the floor. I had heard the child crying while I was dressing, before I came down stairs. I ran to Mr. Sequeira with the child. Mr. Gardner (the prisoner) was in the cellar when I re- turned with the doctor. I heard him cough in the cellar, and I said, "Good God, Sam, come upstairs." He came up, and he said to me, "Good God, you wretch, you've done that-you don't move from here until I give you in; charge." I fell on my knees and said, Good God, shower mercy down on my inno- cence. Gardner went out and brought ia Mrs. Spencer. MrS". Gardner was in good health on Sunday. When the police came they searched everything I had. They ex- amined my clothes. Cross-examined by Mr. Ribton: I went to bed so early on the Sunday night in consequence sf Mr. Gardner's ill temper. My urnal time for getting up was seven or half- past seven. I did not awake or get up earlier on that Monday morning than usual. I came down stairs with my stockings only, as I had left my shoes under the arm- chair on the night before. When I went into the room I trod on blood with my stockinged feet, but I did not know what it was until I went to the doctor's. I gave the stockings up. It was on Wednesday that I gave up the stockings to the sergeant, but I did not say anything about the blood until I was asked. I did not look at them for the purpose of seeing if there was blood on them. They were of a dark brown colour. I wore all my clothes from the Monday until I gave them up. W. Mobbs, a police-sergeant, said he went to 1, Northumberland-alley, on the 15th of September. He described what took place, as it had been described by previous witnesses. Eleanor Buxtan, who washed the body, said she was sure no blood was splas-hed on the wall. The body was placed in the coffin on Wednesday evening. James Gardner, a son of the deceased, proved that his mother was not left-handed. Cross^examined by Mr. Ribton: The girl Humbler used to jeer and laugh at his mother, and very much annoy her. He heard his mother tell.Hirmbler that she should leave on the Monday (the day of the occurrence). The statement of Gardner before the Coroner was then put in and read. In the course of it he stated that when he got up in the morning his wife stated that she heard Humbler come down at one o'clock in the morning and come into their bed-room and take away the candle. He also stated that deceased was not left-handed. This was the case for the prosecution. The Court adjourned at ten minutes before five. The trial of the prisoner Samiiei Gardner, for the murder of his wife, was resumed on Friday morning, before the Lord Chief Baron. Mr. llibton proceed to address the jury for the defence; He said the time had now arrived when he had to address the jury on a most difficult and complicated case —a case of more difficulties and complication, with the exception of one—the Road murder—he had never recollected. He had every confidence in the jury and in the learned judge who presided on the bench. If ever there was a case which required great attention to master its in- tricacies, this case was one. He was sure the learned judge would hold the scales of justice in this awful inquiry with a firm and intrepid hand, and that no obser- vations would fall from him which would tend to pre- judice the prisoner in their minds. Thelaw said that the jury, and the jury alone, were to be the judges. Through the kind indulgence of his lordship, he had had time to ex- amine the points in the evidence, and he felt some little confidence that he should be able to convince them that the prisoner was not guilty. He should first ask the jury if had been satisfactorily established that the death was not the result of suicide; and if this was established, and they should believe that a murder had been committed, the next point he should contend for was, that it was -O'!Wo4]). muvJov by- the woman Humbler as by the prisoner. He then called their attention to the medical testimony, and urged that too much reliance ought not to be placed upon it. and that they would not be iustified in coining too hastily to the conclusion upon the mere theory that had been put forward by the medical gentlemen who had been ex- amined. All that their evidence amounted to, as it appeared to him, was, that it was improbable that the deceased woman should have committed the act herself. The learned counsel then proceeded at considerable length to call the attention of the jury to the other facts of the case, endeavouring to show that it was as probable the crime was committed by the woman Humbler as by the prisoner. The nature of the evidence that was brought forward was to show that the prisoner had gone from his house in the morning to several places in the City, where he was employed to sweep chimneys, and that nothing at all unusual was observed in his appearance or conduct. Mr. Poland then replied on behalf of the prosecution. He said that his learned friend was incorrect in stating that those who had commenced the prosecution had any doubt a? to whether the charge of murder should be pressed against the prisoner or the young woman Hum- bler. He was very glad that his lordship had afforded him an opportunity of placing her in the witness-box, because this afforded an opportunity for his learned friend to cross-examine her, and to discover whether or not she was the witness of truth. The learned counsel then proceeded to remark upon the evidence, and re- ferred to the suggestion for the defence, that the murder was committed by the girl Humbler, and urged that it was monstrous to suppose that a young girl niceteen years of age should have lifted the unhappy deceased out of her bed, and placed her on the floor, and committed this dreadful crime, and that every circumstance in the case also tended to negative such a suggestion. In conclusion, he said that those who conducted the prosecution had felt it their dul,v to lay before the jury the whole of the circumstances of this most remarkable case. He admitted that it was incumbent upon them to prove not only that the case was not one of suicide, but of murder, but also that the murder was committed by the prisoner, and it appeared to him that the whole of the evidence tended to indorse that impression, and that impression only, ana he felt satisfied that if the jury should be of the same-opinion, they would not be de- terred from doing their duty by any consequences that might result from it. The Lord Chief Baron then proceeded to sum up. He said that the prisoner was charged originally with the young woman Elizabeth Humbler with the com- mission of this crime, but upon looking at the depositions is seamed to him that the two prisoners could not be properly tried together, and that if such a course was adopted it was one that was likely to produce discredit and mischief to the administration of justice. It was un- doubtedly one of the most extraordinary description, and the evidence and the whole of the circumstances connected with it would demand their most serious con- sideration. There was no doubt, in the first place, that on the morning of the 15th of September this unhappy woman, Mrs. Gardner, came to her death by violence, and the first. question they would hav, to decide was whether this violence was the result of sulfide or an act of wilful murder, and if they should come to the conclusion that a murder had been committed, the more important question would then arise whether it had been satisfactorily esta- blished that the prisoner was the person by whom that murder was committed. The learned udge then went on to comment upon the evidence, and, in reference to that which had been given by Sergeant Mobbs as to the pri. soner having pointed out to him certain marks of blood upon the wall, the shutters, and the window blind, which marks he was certain were not there two or three days before, and his having stated that the girl Humbler had opened the shutter where the bloody mark was, on the Monday morning, he asked them whether the inference that must naturally be drawn from this conduct was not that the prisoner was endeavouring to fix the crime of murder upon this girl? His lordship concluded by stating that if positive evidence were required in cases of this description, a conviction would rarely, or never, take place; but the duty of the jury was to look calmly and deliberately at the evidence, and if that evidence left no fair and reasonable doubt upon their minds, and that the whole of it tended to but one result, this was all that was necessary, and no more could be expected. They were, of course, aware that they owed a duty to the accused, but they should not, at the same time, forget their duty to the public. The jury retired at half-past four o'clock to deliberate upon their verdict. At six o'clock they returned into court, and the foreman of the jury gave the verdict of Guilty, but he said, at the same time, that they were desirous of recommending the prisoner strongly to mercy, on the ground that they believed that after the prisoner and his wife went up to bed on the Sunday night they had had a quarrel about the girl Humbler, and that the act was committed in a fit of anger. The prisoner, who during the whole time the learned judge was summing up, stood leaning upon the front of the dock with his hands clasped and his eye? upturned, as though engaged in prayer, immediately addressed the court in a firm, clear vote-e,- and said, "I can safely declare upon my word and honour that I am as innocent of my wife's death as an unborn babe, or of knowing anything about it. Any man who could destroy the life of his wife, with his own flesh and blood in, her body, hanging is too good for him. I swear before Ged that I am innocent of this crime it is not in my instinct to do such a thing—I could not do it for the world. There is II greater Judge than your lordship, whir knows alt. 1 fear Him more than any earthly judge, and I thank God I have not got this crime to answer for." The Lord Chief Bar.->h, having put on the black cap, 'e proceeded to pass sentence upon the prisoner; and after going carefully over the facts of thectse.coneludedby stating that he would take care that the recommendation to mercy was forwarded to the only quarter where any effect could be-given to it; bat taking into cou,sideratioa the nature of the crime, he did not feel himself justified in holding out any expectation that it would have effect. He then passed the awful sentence ^f death upon the prisoner in the usual terms. The prisoner, when the learned judge had concluded, again addressed him, and saidy My lord, I should sav that any man who was guilty of such a crime as tblw ought to have no mercy." He was then removed from the bar, still protesting his innocence.