County Observer and Monmouthshire Central Advertiser Abergavenny and Raglan Herald Usk and Pontypool Messenger and Chepstow Argus

Summary of Passing Events. 4 MR. SCOTT RUSSELL, after an interval of cogita- tive silence, has again appeared before the public. He shows that he is proof against ridicule and adverse criticism. When everyone thought that the new social movement had irretrievably collapsed, he con- tinues to write as if it were still making satisfactory progress. A document which he has just published, and which purports to be the programme of legisla- tion necessary to carry out the famous seven resolu- tions, is addressed to the Lords, gentlemen, and fellow-workmen, who constituted his representative oouncil of working men and council of legislators. Mr. Russell quite ignores the circumstance that the legislators in question denied having constituted themselves into a council, or having accepted, his seven propositions as the basis of negotiations. He merely relates that a premature disclosure of plans has temporarily retarded the move- ment, and that he wishes to utilise the time by obtaining the individual co-operation, before the meeting of Parliament, of the three grades of persons whom he addresses. He thinks it should be stated in the preamble of the measures which are required to turn the seven resolutions into legislative acts, that lands in some countries are held by the inhabitants for the common good, that millions of acres of common land which were the entailed estate of the people have been appropriated in England by the Legislature, and that as skilled workmen and their families are sources of national wealth, the due care of these is an object of the highest public utility. Mr. Russell is accordingly of opinion that Parliament should grant powers to villages and towns to purchase out- lying lands, just as we see done by railway com- panies. He proposes that the quantity should be one acre for one-tenth part of the inhabitants in towns exceeding 20,000 half that quantity per head where the town exceeds 100,000 and in towns and villages under 10,000 it may reach one acre to five of the population. Of these lands he suggests that one-half should be appropriated to detached cottages n gardens, and the other half should be held as common land, set free for recreative and educational purposes, and also for the erection of market-houses. He further suggests that the Corporation should have powers of road-making, of purchasing and letting property, of building up and pulling down, and appropriating land for the common good. For these purposes a revenue would be raised from the rent of land. As the common lands have been taken from the poor for the benefit of the rich, he holds they ought to be restored by a property tax, which would, of course, fall on the wealthy classes. Mr. Russell's scheme, it will thus be seen, is thoroughly Com- munistic, and, as applied to this country, altogether Utopian. Another nostrum of his is that the public service should be organised for the common good, on the model of the Post-office. In fact, the State, the State, the State is to do everything, and people, skilled or otherwise, are to do nothing for them- selves.

FOR bold and strikingly original notions we must look to the other side of the Atlantic. The latest genius in the States is certainly Mr. Edward Powers, a civil engineer of Chicago, who has addressed a petition to Congress for aid to enable him to test his method for the artificial production of rain. In America last season the want of rain was severely felt. For months not a drop fell; and it was this circumstance that added greatly to the combustibility of Chicago, and of the forests and prairies in the districts that were desolated by fire. The long-continued drought seems to have weighed upon the mind of Mr. Powers, and he set himself seriously to consider whether it might not be possible to produce rain by artificial means. At length he came to the conclusion that the thing could be done, and now, by way of practically testing his scheme, he modestly requests Congress to furnish him with 300 cannons of not less than 24-pound calibre each, and 30,000 lb. of powder, together with an electrical battery and other appliances, to enable him to discharge all the pieces simultaneously. The ingenious gentleman supports his theory by giving a long list of battles, including the principal engage- ments during the rebellion, each of which, he avers was followed by a heavy rain-storm, caused by the discharges of artillery. There is possibly some truth in Mr. Powers' theory, but the rain produced in the way he indicates might not fall over a very extensive area, and might not last long enough to cheer thirsty ground. We are afraid that Congress wil turn a deaf ear to the earnest but alarming prayer of the eccentric petitioner.

THE Lancet devotes an article to the hurtful practice of night-travelling by railways. Every evening from its chief metropolitan stations trains start for the extreme points of the United Kingdom, and the travellers who occupy the carriages are composed in large part of men who make a practice of journeying in the night not to lose the day. Some of the more luxurious may, with the assistance of the guard, im- provise a couch, but the greater number pass the time in smoking, reading, and dozing in a dozen dif- ferent positions. In the opinion of the Lancet, this practice, which, in the case of many could easily be avoided, is highly detrimental to health, and is not the smallest of the evils connected with the present go-ahead system of doing business. It points out that the Americans endeavour to minimise the ills of night-travelling, by having comfortable and convenient palace-cars attached to the trains, and it sees no reason why similar cars should not be in use on our leading railways, such as the South-Eastern, North-Western, Great Northern, and Great Western. The last suggestion of the journal on the subject is that a Sleeping-car Company should be formed to supply carriages to the Scotch night mail trains, and also to the Irish mail trains running between London and Holyhead, and it predicts with confidence a good dividend to the shareholders. ♦ "RORY OF THE HILLS.At a meeting of the Waterford Board of Guardians, Captain Power, the vice-chairman, stated that he had received a threatening letter, signed "Rory of the Hills," menacing him for the manner in which he had dis- charged his duties as vice-chairman. The letter said he had become a great nuisance to the public, and especially the officers of the union; and it warned him to beware of the lion; for when he was going home at night he might expect to get a few ounces of lead or six inches of steel. The letter con- tained a number of threats of a less frightful nature, unfit to be read in public, and which, for brutality and lowness of expression, had never been equalled.

ALARMING PREVALENCE OF SMALL- POX. (From the Lancet."} We are about to make a statement which, if it were not based upon stubborn, undeniable facts at this moment before us, we should certainly neither be- lieve ourselves nor ask credence for in our pages, so lamentable is it and so discreditable to the intelli- gence of the people and rulers of this country. In the year 1870 there were registered in the seventeen principal cities and towns of England 1,259 deaths from small-pox in the year just closed there have fallen victims to that disease in the same towns no less than 13,174 persons. The details for the several towns have been derived from a collation of the Weekly Returns for 1871, and are as follow :—London, 7,876 fatal cases Portsmouth, 39 Norwich, 245; Bristol, 45 Wolverhampton, 284; Birmingham, 61; Leicester, 11; Nottingham, 144; Liverpool, 1,919; Manchester, 267; Salford, 227 Bradford, 5 Leeds, 43; Sheffield, 406; Hull, 57; Sunderland, 850 Newcastle-on-Tyne, 695. The proportion of fatal cases to the population of the 17 towns taken in the aggregate was 18 'per 10,000 the ratio in London was 24, in Norwick 80, in Liver- pool 39, in Wolverhampton 41, in Newcastle-on-Tyne 54, and in Sunderland 86. The highest small-pox mortality in London dur- ing the 31 years 1840-70 was in 1863, when 2,012 fatal cases were registered; in the subsequent seven years (1864-70) the annual deaths were successively 537, 646, 1,388, 1,332, 606, 273, and 958. Last year they rose to the un- precedented number of 7,876, whereof 2,400 occurred in the first, 3,241 in the second, 1,255 in the third, and 980 in the fourth quarters. This epidemic began in the latter weeks of 1870, and rose rapidly through the first quarter of 1871 until its maximum fatality was attained in the week ending 6th of May, after which period it declined-at first steadily, but afterwards with considerable rapidity-to less than 100 deaths weekly in August, and the minimum of 51 deaths was touched in the last week of September. Since that time, and especially within the last month, there have been indications of recudescence which demand the serious consideration of all who are entrusted with the care of the public health.

THE PRINCE OF TVALES AND THE JEWS. The following reply to the telegram of Sir Moses Montefiore, requesting public prayer in all synagogues in the Holy Land for the Prince of Wales, has been received:— By the help of the Eternal God, who gives power to the faint; and who increases strength to them that have no might! My help cometh from the Lord who made heaven and earth." Seek the peace of the city, for in the peace thereof shall ye have peace." Jerusalem, the 2nd day of Tebet, 5632, Dec. 18, 1871. May peaceful salutations, like the dew of heaven, descend on Sir Moses Montefiere, Bart., the zealous promoter of peace—Amen. We beg to inform you that your telegram, dated the 28th of Kisley, Sunday, 10th December, has reached us just about the time appointed for the afternoon prayers. We imme- diately made its contents known to our brethren belonging to the several Ashkenazim congregations in the Holy City, and despatched special messengers to the Sephardim and Ashkenazim congregations dwelling in the holy cities of Hebron, Tiberias, and Safed. We then, conjointly with our learned and pious colleagues, assembled in the Great Synagogue, gave orders to light up the candelabra in all the synagogues in the Holy City, opened the portals of the Holy Ark, and offered up a most fervent prayer for the speedy and perfect recovery of his Royal Highness Albert Edward, Priirfip of Wales—invoking the Holy One (blessed be his name !) to make him to live, to grant him health, to -strengthen him, and to renew his youth. We also sent a congregation of pious and learned men to pray the whole night at the tomb of our mother Rachel (may her merit protect us !) while, at the same time time, we ordered a congrega- tion of equally pious and learned men to call upon our God, before the western wall of the ancient Temple, from which spot, we are told by our ances- tors, the Divine Glory never departed. And when we had concluded our heartfelt prayers for his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, we implored God to cause His blessings to descend on her Majesty, the mighty and most virtuous Queen Victoria (may her glory be exalted!), on her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales, and on every, member of the Royal Family. Oh that our prayers may have been favourably received in heaven, and that we may yet hear the good tidings, The Lord has strengthened the Prince of Wales upon the bed of languishing, and has completely restored him to health!" With sincere wishes for your own lasting happiness, crowned by the blessings of peace, We remain, esteemed Sir Moses, yours faithfully, ABRAHAM ASKENASI, Haham Bashi. MOSES WINISTE. JACOB VALERE. SHELOMO AMZLAG. HAIM NISSIM BARUCH. REPHAEL MEYER PANESIL. P.S.-We have just received a messenger from the holy city of Hebron, bringing a reply to our letter, in which we invited our brethren to pray for the re- covery of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. They inform us that they have offered up their prayer immediately on receipt of our letter. May their prayer also be favourably received Amen. GRADUAL reductions continue to be made in the various manufacturing departments of the Woolwich Arsenal. The latest discharges included 30 men from the gun factories and 68 girls from the cartridge factory. THE Sporting Gazette alleges that the Earl of Cork, Master of the Royal Buckhounds, has no inten- tion of promoting any of the present members of the establisment to the huntsman's place, which has be- come vacant by the death of Harry King. VERDICT OF MANSLAUGHTER."—1The in- quest on Harriet Miskin, killed by an Irishman, named Knockley, with whom she cohabited at Bromley-by-Bow, has been concluded. The accused and deceased were both intoxicated on Boxing Night," and the neighbours heard sounds of violence, but did not trouble themselves about what it appears was not an uncommon occurrence in the lodging- houses of the neighbourhood. The next morning the woman was found fearfully beaten about the head and insensible. She died in the course of the day, and a post-mortem examination showed the cause of death to be extravasation of blood on the brain, pro- duced doubtless by the blows she had received. The jury re turned a verdict of manslaughter." DEATH OF SIR FRANCIS CROSSLEY, M.P.— The death is announced of Sir Francis Crossley, the senior member for the northern division of the West Riding. The hon. baronet, who received his title in 1863, was 54 years of age. He entered Parliament in 1852 for Halifax, his native town, and seven years afterwards, in conjunction with Sir John Ramsden, contested the then undivided West Riding, a vast constituency, with 40,000 electors. Sir John Ramsden came in at the head of the poll withl5,978; Sir Francis Crossley followed with 15,401; and Mr. Stuart Wortley, formerly Recorder of London, who stood as a Conservative, polled 13,636 votes, and was defeated. By the Appropriation of Seats Act, 1861, the West Riding was divided, and the Reform Act of 1867 split it into three constituencies. Sir Francis offered himself to the electors of the northern division, and both in 1865 and in 1868 he was re- | turned without opposition.

BALL AT THE GREAT WESTERN I HOTEL. Mr. Jno. Hall, the spirited proprietor of this hand- some and popular Hotel, Birmingham, on Tuesday night gave a ball and supper to his numerous employe's, and some hundred and fifty persons were present to take part in the festivities. The salle a manger was tastefully decorated with holly, mistletoe, and the usual Christmas insignia; and the dancing began about nine o'clock, and continued till eleven, when the whole company sat down to a delightful supper, which was discussed with champagne and moselle accompaniments with the greatest animation. The loyal toasts, Tke Queen, the Prince of Wales, and the rest of the Royal Family," were drunk with much enthusiasm. The toast of the evening was given in a speech full of fire and eloquence by the chairman (Mr. Bayliss), and feelingly and appro- priately responded to by Mr. John Hall. Our Visitors was given by Mr. M. J. Mtiller, which drew forth a graceful response from Mr. Biermas. The Ladies was given with charming felicity by Mr. M. A. Marthe, and responded to by Mr. Miiller, a gentleman from Vienna, who spoke English with fluency and correctness. Mr. Howard Paul, the well- known entertainer," who is at present on a visit to Birmingham, proposed "The Staff," and spoke as follows :—"A friend of mine some time ago, in speak- ing of Martin Farquhar Tupper, said he greatly admired that gentleman as a poet, alleging as a curious reason that he had nothing to say, and he said it.' I fear I bear an affinity to my friend's estimate of the much-chaffed author of the Proverbial Philosophy '—I've nothing to say, but I'll say it. I've no doubt the ladies who grace this table will secretly rejoice thatl'm not going to inflict a speech on them, as they naturally wish to resume their dancing even though I should meet with the minor catastrophe of a break down; 80 I'll be brief The toast that has been unexpectedly confided to me is The Staff;' and any one who has had the least hotel experience need hardly be told that the comfort and general excellence of an hotel, especially a large and important one like the Great Western, is mainly due to the exertions of the staff. As bread is said to be the staff of life,' so, transposing the idea, it may be said that the staff is the life of an hotel. From my rambling vocation it may be naturally in- ferred that hotel life is a good deal in my line. In almost every large city in Europe and America I've put up at an hotel, and I've often had to 'put up with a great deal in consequence, especially where the staff was not up to the mark. I have had a great many bells unanswered in my time, and then I blessed the staff. I've met with a considerable number of flies, and other insects too numerous to mention, in my soup, and again I blessed the staff. I've had the wrong pair of boots, three sizes too large, placed at my door, and again I showered blessings on the staff-in point of fact, not to take up too much of your time, the staff, it seems to me, is the be-all and end-all of an establishment of this magnitude; and I make this assertion with all due deference to the head of the hotel, who, had he as many arms as Briareus, and as many eyes as Argus, he must look to his staff for proper and efficient support. Ladies and gentlemen of this goodly company, I beg to propose the staff, coupling with it the name of the esteemed chef, Mr. Brittain." At the conclusion of the supper dancing was resumed, and what Dick Swiveller calls the mazy had it all its own lively way up to nearly four o'clock, when the company separated, with the conviction that all had had a thoroughly jolly night, thanks to their own good spirits and Mr. Hall's liberality and kindly feeling. In all' respects the fourth annual Christmas bail of the G. W. H. may be written down a great success. o

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LIVINGSTONE SEARCH AND BELIEF EXPEDITION. The Council of the Royal Geographical Society have undertaken, with the assent and support of her Majesty's Government, though not with its immediate official assistance, the "Livingstone Search and Relief Expedition." What the council, with the aid of public generosity, propose to do, and to do, if possible, at the end of this present month, is to des- patch an expedition to Zanzibar by a steamer which is to sail directly for that island, through the Suez Canal. At Zanzibar the expedition will communicate with Dr. Kirk, the British consul, and according to the information and advice they may receive from himasto the fittest route for reaching the spot wnere Living- stone was last heard of, it will proceed as speedily as, possible into the interior to ascertain the truth or the falsehood of all the rumours of his passage through certain districts, and his residence at a par- ticular place. Whether Livingstone be alive or dead, the expedition will prosecute the search until it has exchanged conjecture for certainty. With reference to the American expedition, an account of which is, given below, Dr. Bates, the secretary of the Royal Geographical, states that subsequent news has been received from our consul at Zanzibar of calamities having befallen Mr. Stanley of the American expedi- tion, in September last, through being involved in native disturbances, and this induces the belief that he will not reach Lake Tanganyika. AMERICAN EXPEDITION IN SEARCH OF LIVINGSTONE. Nearly two years ago the Netv York Herald deter- mined on sending out an expedition of its own for the purpose of discovering the whereabouts of Dr. Livingstone, and, if possible, sending home news of the great traveller. At length a letter has been received from the gentlemen under whose direction the exploring party has been placed, which the Herald publishes. The expedition, when it began its march, may be estimated as follows :—Three white men, twenty-two soldiers, four supernumeraries, with a transport of eighty-two pagazis, or carriers—in all one hundred and eleven persons, twenty-seven donkeys, and two horses. The merchandise, presents for the natives, necessary material and equipments,, consisted of fifty-two bales of cloth, seven man-loads of wire, sixteen of beads, twenty of boat fixtures, three of tents, four of clothes and personal baggage, two of cooking and eating utensils, one of medicine,, three of powder, five of bullets, small shot, and metallic cartridges three of instruments and three of small implements and other necessaries. The weapons of defence were one double-barrelled smooth- bore No. 12 cannon, two American Winchester rifles, two Starr's breech-loading carbines, one Jocelyn breech-loader, one elephant rifle, two breech-loading revolvers, twenty-four flint-lock muskets, six single- barrelled pistols, three axes, two swords, two daggers, one boar spear, twenty-four hatchets, and twenty-four long knives. The Arab village of Kwihara, in Unyanyembe, was reached on the 30th day of May, and in this place the expe- dition halted, after having travelled five hundred and twenty-five miles in eighty-four days. It is from this Arab village, far away from civilisation, in the wilds of Africa, amid a strange people, and hemmed in oil all sides by the surroundings of barbarism, that our correspondent writes us the first tidings he has heard of Dr. Livingstone :— On the 12th of April I met at Moussoudi on the Ungerengeri River, four marches from Sennibawenni Salim bin Rasheed, who gave me the following in- telligence respecting Livingstone:— "'I saw the musungu, who came up from the. Nyassa a long time ago, at Ujiji last year. He lived in the next tembe to me. He has a long white moustache and beard, and was very fat. He was then about going to Marungu and Uplema.' On the 18th of May Sheikh Abdullah bin Wasib found me encamped at Mpwapwa, and gave me the following:— 4 T'iifc musnngu (-hit. UHll1) r.as Maniema. a month's march from Ujiji. He has met with a bad accident, having shot himself in the thigh while out hunting buffalo. When he gets well he will return to Ujiji. There are many lakes on the other side of the Tanganyika. Lake Ujiji is very great; Lake Uruwa is also great; Lake Bangucolo is great: but Lake Maniema is great, exceedingly great.' At Kusuri,*in Mgunda Mkhali, or the land of the Wayanzi, on the 13th of June, I met Sheik Thani bin Nassoud, who imparted the following:- a k" You are asking me about the musungu whom people call "Dochter Fellusteen (Dr. Livingstone)" Yes I lived near him about three months at Ujiji. His men have all deserted him except three slaves,- whom he was obliged to buy." 'Why? He used to beat his men very hard if they did not do instantly what he told them. At last they all ran away no one would stop with him. He had nothing with him, no cloth nor beads, to buy food for a long time, so he had to go out and hunt, buffalo every day. He is a very old man, and very fat, too; has a long white beard. He is a great, eater, Mashallah He would eat a pot of ghee and a big plateful of rice three or four times a day. Mashallah! but you see this' thing' (pointing to a tea-sucer) ? Yes.' 'Well, he would eat that full of butter, with a potful of ugali (porridge).' "On the 16th of June I met Hassan, a Balooch soldier of Sheikh Said bin Salim, of Unyanyembe,, who gave news of Livingstone to this effect :-— He is a very old man, with a beard nearly white. His left shoulder is out of joint from a fight he had with a suriba (lion). He has gone to Maniema with some Arabs. Maniema is three months' march from Ujiji. He is about returning to Ujiji soon, owing to a letter he received from the Balyuz" (con. sul). They say that although he has been out here so long he has done nothing. He has fifteen bales of cloth at Unyanyembe, not yet sent to him.' On the 20th, at Kubuga, three days from Unyan- yembe, Sheikh Amir bin Sultan informed me as follows Yes, there is a musungu, a very old man, who came to Ujiji by the way of Lake Nyassa and Cazembe. After coming to Ujiji he went to Marungu, and then returned to Ujiji. About a year ago he crossed the Tanganyika Lake, and accompanied some Arabs to Lake Maniema, which, I am told, is a very great lake, much larger than Tanganyika. Lately a caravan coming from Ukonongo brought the news that he was dead. I don't know whether the news be true or not.' At this place I have received the following addi* tional information :—He is on the road to Ujiji from Lake Maniema, which is west of Ugubba. The lake is fifteen camps from the Tanganyika, in a south- south-west direction. With me are going to Ujiji for him fifteen loads of cloth, eight loads of beads, and twelve boxes, containing wine, provisions—such as sugar, tea, salt, pepper, spices, and such little luxuries—besides clothes, books, and newspapers. If at Ujiji in one month more I shall see him, and the race for home shall begin. Until I hear more of him, or see the long-absent old man face to face, I bid you a farewell; but, wherever he is, be sure I shall not give up the chase. If alive, you shall hear what he has to say if dead, I will find and bring his bones to you." SIR ROBERT CHRISTISON is to be entertained at a public dinner in Edinburgh on the 23rd of February, being the fiftieth anniversary of his in- I duction as a professor in the University of Edin- burgh. Being supplied in packets, uniform good quality,- wholesom&ness and real cheapness is guaranteed to I purchaser's of Hornmian's Pwre Tea. 2,538 Agents. 1