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===-= VARIETIES.
===-= VARIETIES. THE WANDERING FIDDLER. BT ABRAHAM ELDER, ESQ. Two young- men wpre sitting", in the evenine, in a small well-furnished lodging in London, wine and glasses on the tnhte, and th" atmosphere redolent of c g>,rs. "John," Mid one of them, taking up a violin that was tyincbyhim. you seem dull and fht this evening, give us 'The spa the sea" and you shall have my best accompaniment ann thpn he nourishfd away the air upon his instrument, Dull and ftat," said the other: is it not enough to mnke one dull and flat to see one's best friend perfectly ruined?" You mean me, I sunpose," said the first. "Of course I do. You had a small independence yes- terd-iv, and to-day you have not a farthing." Not so bad as that quite. I have got twenty pounds— twenty pounds, well stretched, oug-ht to last some time." But what will you do then ? You must do something. How will you pay for your lodginar and your food ? "Lodging!—why, I must certainly give up my present lodging, but I suppose I shall find something else. Who ever heard of a gentleman being obliged to sleep in the street! And as for living-why, I know many men about town that have not a shilling, that wear kid gloves, and appear to enjoy themselves amazingly. I suppose their secret is not very obstruse." "Oh! not lit all," said the other: running into debt, and not paying,—cheating,—and spunging upon their friends." That won't suit me, Tom. What say you to teaching a class of young gentlemen to play upon the violin ?" Here he drew his bow across his instrument, and treated his friend to an air, with elaborate variations and almost impossible fingering. What think you of George Postern, professor of the violin,—T have it now, I will teach dan- ong: I can soon learn a few steps." Here he went through the pantomime of a dancing lesson. How grand that would be, Monsieur Postern de Paris.' Push the Madeira tlm way, my dear fellow; this jumping about makes me thirsty. But. what's the matter now ? you do not seem to be interested in my performances: you are in low spirits,—Love is it? I'll cheer you up then. I'll flay you the identical quadrille that you danced with lobelia, the night before last," and his violin accordingly went to work. How provoking yon are. To-day you are jutt a beg- gar, and you are as merry as if you had come into a large fortune." A beggar! I am the real and rightful owner of the property of Broadacre." W elJ, I believe you are the rightful owner; but ano- ther has legal possession." That's very true; but there is many a man wttb a large property that gets nothing to spend from it." But what do you intend to do?" asked the other; "tell me without any foolery." Well, 1*11 tell you what, Tom, I think I shall leave London, and travel; the very sight of your face makes me melancholy." What, you think you will be able to travel about, without money, in the same style that you have done the last five years 1 How do you intend to live? You ap- pear to have as much knowledge of real life as a novel- reading, boarding-school miss. Live I intend to eat, drink, sleep, and play the fiddle, and what can I wish for more.—Good night, I'm off to bed. Have you got a pocket-book with youT Just chalk down that you are engaged to dine with me at the Crown, on the 10th of September next,—private room— bottle of champagne—punch, and some of our old songs dished up again. It's some time hence, to be sure; but 1 am going on my travels: this constant smoke of London sticks in my throat." The next day, in a small town about ten miles from ^London, a man with a green shade over his eyes, was seen walking up the main street, playing upon the fiddle. He was followed by a few boys, and now and then he stopped his music to pick up a halfpenny. When he came to an open space that was less crowded by passers by, he leant his back against the wall, ana continued the simplest and most well-known country airs. The group around him gradually increased, for the musician had both the power and the will to please his audience and a handful of half. pence and two sixpences soon rewarded his toil. This flourishing state of affairs, however, was here interrupted bv a man in authority, of the constable, or beadle species, who acquainted our hero that he had orders to take up any trampers or beggars that were found within the parish. The Jmusician stoutly denied that he had ever begged. "We will soon see that," said the man in authority. The petty sessions is now sitting, and I will just take you before them." The accused was immediately ushered into the justice-room, where the magistrates were sitting behind a table, at which was seated the justices' clerk. I found this man, sir, collecting a crowd in the streets, and stopping up the way," said the constable. There was no thoroughfare where I was playing," ob- served the musician, making a bow to the bench. He is just a common beggar, sir," said the constable. I never begged in my life." replied the musician. u Never begged in your life!" repeated the chairman 1n an incredulous tone. I never have begged," said the fiddler with rather a proud air, "T could produce a witness here in court that f have no necessity to ask charity of any man, and if playing upon a fiddle be a crime,1 the Lord help the wicked." "There is no statute against that," said one of the magistrates, smiling, Come produce your witness." "Oh sir," said the fiddler with a sigh, I fear that a poor man's witness will hardly be listened to here." "Rich and poor shall have equal justice here," said the chairman. What if my witness should take up ten minutes of your honors' time, would you hear him to the end without interruption t" "We promise that?" said the chairman. The fiddler took his violin from the case. Fiddlestick," said the clerk. "That's what it is," replied the fiddler, and, putting his Instrument to his shoulder, he played a few bars of a sim- ple air, then the same with wild and beautiful variations, then the same again with different variations, scattering thousands of little sparkling notes around the simple air, and giving a specimen of the most difficult fingering within the reach of art. I humbly submit to your worships," said the fiddler, boldly placing his hat in the centre of the magistrates' ta- ble, that my witness has proved that I have no necessity to be dependent upon chanty." What do you putlyour hat there Cor!" said the clerk crossly. In case any gentleman present should think that there was any value m my humble performance. The magistrates laughed, and there was! some silver dropped into the hat. Will your honors permit my witness to return thanks for the kind manner in which you have heard him ?** They nodded, and he played a plaintive tune, with the best execution that he was master of. Applause followed, and another shilling was thrown into the hat. The fiddler took it out and laid it on the table, saying, at) paid for before." This is a very unusual mode of giving evidence," said the chairman; however, my brother magistrates and myself are of opinion that it is satisfactory." The fiddler; bowed and retired. So I am now considered by the world," thought he to himself mere beggar, rogue, and vagabond, and such like. Fiddling the justices may do tor once. It's a bad look out, I am afraid." He took a turning leading into the country, while these •desponding thoughts were passing through hit mind. At length he saw a comfortable farm-house, distant about a field from the road, with some children at play before the door. He walked down there, and seating himself upon a fallen tree, began playing to his juvenile audienee, ac- companying his instrument with his voice. He sang them a song of Little Red Riding-hood." The child's voice in a high treble, while the wolf spoke in the deepest bass of his instrument. And when he sang High diddle diddle, the-cltt aDd the fiddle," his instrument mewed like a cat, and barked like a dog, to the delight of his hearers Mother I mother! mother! come and hear the funoy man." Mother was pulled out of the house, but the mother was as sad as her children were merry. We have nothing to give you," said she, you have come to a lone house and a cold hearth stone." Never mind," said the fiddler, I have made a good morning's work, and I will sit here for an♦ hour and play with your pretty children; but if you will give me a bit of dry straw to-night, to keep me out of the public-house. I will be grateful to you." There was not a child's song that the fiddler did not ting to them, or a queer sound that the fiddle could make, that they did not hear,—a pig was killed, first he grunted, then he squeaked, and then squealed, ducks quacked, tur- keys gobbled, the show-man blew his trumpet, the boy with the white mouse played his hurdy-gurdy. Such a de- lightful funny man was never seen before. The mother thanked him. You are kind, kind to my children We can give you nothing. Our last shilling wentfor Tent yesterday, the last rent we shall probably ever pity; but if you will share our dinner, you are wel- come, but it is the bare, bare potatoes." "Thank you kindly," said the fiddler. "Now, Johnny," said he to the eldest boy, "come with me, and I will trfl you a secret. He took the boy aside, and slipping some money into liis hand, said, Run and buy a piece of bacon, and we'll slip it into the pot without any one seeing, and when your £ addy comes home, he'll find a nice dinner. Won't that be fun V and he gave Johnny a poke in the ribs. Away ran Johnny. Where can he be gone to ? Nobody finds it out; farmer comes home,—out tumbles the bacon with the potatoes—great surprise and rejoicing: Johnny calls it a grand potato, and then tells all about if. Farmer s wife affected, and almost makes a scene; farmer calls the fiddler a right good fellow, but adds there is only one thing about hrm that he does not like, which is his fiddle. My fiddle said the traveller witb surprise, "why. that is my better half, What harm can it possibly have done to offend you ?" Nothing," said the farmer; but our landlord spends all his time in fiddling, and leaves us to the mercies of his agent; who, because we would not graze his horses for • .nothing, has raised our rent, and we are just ruined." Spends his time in fiddling, does he?"_said the tra- • veller, I'll fiddle him. Where does he live." Farmer and fiddler spent the evening together like old friends, and in the morning the traveller started forth on his expedition to fiddle the landlord. It was with unpleasant feelings that he found himself entering the landlord's groundt in the guise of a mere vagrant trespasser, momentarily expecting a rebuff from constable or pampered menial. However, undisturbed and unnoticed he reached the front entrance. As he stole his way up to the front door, he certainly did hear the sound ofawotia. A window on the side of the front door partially open, and though there was a gauze blind behind it, this was not sufficiently close to prevent our wanderer from getting a tolerable view of the performer within. He was a short man, with a bald heacl, bowing and jerking his head and body in time with the music, and at times drawing his head up to the full height, when he thought the music favored such a position. At length he took the opportunity of a pause for turning over a leaf, to treat himself with a pinch of snuff. Our fiddler seized this opportunity, and taking up the air at the point where the little gentlemen broke it off, he con- tinued with scarcely audible loudness. The effect upon the litlle man was singular enough: the pinch of snuff was interrupted in its way from the box to his nose by gesticu- lations in tune with the music. At first the little man ap- peared to be thinking he was humming the tune himself, for he showed no surprise at the music continuing without his agency, but as the music grew louder he started and looked a little about him; at length he got up and went to the door; the music all the time getting louder, and. as the door opened, the traveller's violin gave out its full volume, like a burst of sound rushing in by the opening of the door. Emma, who is that playing the violin in the house 1" Nobodv but you, papa." Indeed all was silent now. He sat down again, and as he looked at the notes the nusic again stole into his ears. Again he bobbed and sl towed, with the pinch of Muffin his hand still iinsntlffed. Again he walked to the door. 0 Emma, who is that playing- the violin in the house? e Nobody but voti, papa," was again the reply. r; A (rain he walked back again. The music was heard \-t jently stealing upon him aeain. He flourished again his 5 k a<!i-^n hands, and again put his hand upon the door, h but did not open it, apparently thinking that Emma would b repeat the same story. He fidgeted about the room. At d leneth he went to the window, not with the expectation of p seeing any one there, hut apparently merely to look out 1 it the landscape, while he enjoyed his pinch of snufFi tl which he held between his finarer and thumb. His eyes w now fell upon the wandering fiddler, who had just stopped il playing'. The squire threw up the sash, and, stretching c out his bald head out of the window, cried out, You are b a wonderful man—a very wonderful man. Play that d again." # d Upon which the fiddler began, in the very worst style of f street twang, There was an Old Woman in Rosemary ti Lane." 11 "Stop, mv goood man; for Heaven's sake, stop." The c violin was silent. v Would your honor like to hear Cherry Ripe?' it is a a wery fashionable tune in London." 11 Play this," said the little man. leaning out of the win- s dow with his violin, and playing the tune he was employed at before. 1 3 j. Oh, that's a wery easy one," said the fiddler, running [ over the air in his very best style of execution. You are a wonderful man. Come in here, come in r here, and we'll play a tune together. Will you have some- f thing to eat and drink first? Thank your honor kindly," said the fiddler; it's all t that a poor fellow like myself gets to live upon." "A poor trade that street fiddling, is not it?" asked the little man. 1 Not so very bad," said the fiddler; I had rather he I a fiddler than a farmer any day. I had rather have this I little violin than twenty thousand farms." That's a very odd sentiment—a very odd sentiment. j Now, why would not you like to be a farmer ? « I'll tell you for why," was the answer. It was only yesterday that I fiddled up to a comfortable farm-house. The old people were not about, so I played and sung little songs to the children for half an hour or so. At length out comes the wife and says, 'You're a wery good man to play like this to the children; but we have no money at all to give you but if you like to share our dinner, yoa are welcome; but it is only the bare—bare potatoes.' So I gives one of the boys some money (for I had made a good morning's work of it), and sends him to buy some bacon, and slipt it into the pot without any one seeing. Now, sir, when the bacon tumbled out of the pot along with the rest of it, and they heard where it came from, the wife took my hand in both of her's. I heard a sort of choking sound in her throat, and a large hot tear dropped upon my wrist. Don't know, sir, whether it was gratitude for the trifle, or whether it was shame in receiving charity from a tramper, or whether it was that her heart was just a bursting,—and a wery little made it bubble over." And what did the farmer say ?" asked the little man. The farmer, sir, said very little; but if he were rich, and I in distress, I should just know where to go to." Did you ask them what made them so poor t" I did, sir. They said that their father and grandfather had had the farm before them, and just because they would not graze two of the agent's young horses for nothing, he had rose the rent upon them, and they were just ruined. Their last farthing they paid in rent the day before, and next half-year's rent they had no hopes of being able to meet." But where was their landlord all this time ?' "That's just what I axed, sir. They said that he was a good enough sort of man, but that they could not get to see him. He left all to his agent." Do you remember the farmer's namet" Not very well, sir. It was Toddle, or Poddle, or some suchthinar; but the name of the farm was Two Elms. I remember that well." "Two Elms!" exclaimed the little landlord. Ay, that's the name, sir, sure enough. It mikes my heart ache to think of it. I have a great mind to teach their little boy to play the fiddle; it would be a sort of rise in the world to him, to what his prospects are now." Then putting his violin to his shoulder, he played and sung in the regular street twang— And then he'll be rewarded, and have his heart's delight, With a fiddling all the morning, and a drop of gin at night." That's a very vulgar tune," said the little man. "It is, sir; most of my friends Is wulgar. It's the wulgar people that shells out the the coppers; twenty cop- pers goes farther than the gentleman's sixpence. That style of music, sir, costs a little more in resin, but It pays better." I wonder that a man of your musical talents should ever think of playing on the street." Tried playing in a room once, but it did not answer." How so 1" Baker got troublesome, sir, and the furniture, though wery accommodating in their own way, would not help me out with the rent." Let me hear whether rou can play this piece of music," said the little man. The fiddler performed it with great execution. You're a wonderful man, and here Is five shillings for you." Don't want the money," said the fiddler; it is easy enough for me to pick up a shilling or two. 1 had rather that you would promise to speak to that poor man's land- lord." I'll do both," said the little man. So the fiddler took his departure, playing a merry tune, while the little man put his bald head out of the window, and watched him till he was out of sight, repeating to himself, That is a wonderful man." After passing through several villages, our fiddler came to another town. He was Just taking his fiddle out of its case to commence operations, when a gentleman with several ladies passed him. One of the ladies offered him sixpence. I thank you, madam I never take any money that I have not earned by my fiddle." Let's have a tune, then, said the gentleman. He played them a Swiss air in his best manner. That was beautifully played," said the gentleman. It's worth more than a sixpence," said the first lady, changing it for a shilling. I think so, too," said the gentleman, giving another. The fiddler picked up two or three halfpence in going down the street. At length he made a stop before a supe- rior description of house, with a porch before the door, and a row of evergreens in front of the wall; but the owner, a large fat man, made his appearance at the win- dow, called him an idle vagabond, and told him to be off, at the same time throwing out a half-penny, of which the fiddler took no notice. Why don't you pick up the half-penny, you fool ? u If you do not want my music, I do not want your money," was the reply, a sentiment that was received with great applause by the few idle people that had collected round him. When he had gone through the town, he went to try Ms luck at the Manor House that was situated in a small park behind the church. He never liked going up a gentleman's grounds; he always felt that he was then a trespassing tramper, probably in the eye of the law a rogue and vagabond,—liable to be ejected by dog, consta- ble, or liveried menial. His first notes, however, before the door, brought to one of the upper windows the bright black eyes of the young lady that had offered him the sixpence as he came into the village. He determined to give diem a sample of his best. The same party that met him in the road had now come down to him, some standing on the steps of the door, some at the lower window. Pray what's your name ? asked a fair-haired laugh- ing girl, after his performance had been sufficiently ap- plauded. r fidcUer ^nowu by no other name tlian the wandering nddler." And he avoided further questioning by playing another air. It required no great observation on his part to ob- serve that the dark-haired lady, that first noticed him in the road, appeared to take great interest in him and his performance. He detected her more than once stealthily attempting to look behind or under the green shade that he wore over his eyes; and when he played, her interest in the music was intense. It was clear that the suspected him to be in disguise, and something superior to what his dress showed. The squire also was probably of the same opinion, for he invited the fiddler to join his family in the drawing-room. After he had played two airs in his best style and most careful execution, the little fair-haired girl, who had ques- tioned him before, renewed her attack. "You are quite a different sort of person from any wan- dering fiddler that I have seen before. You really must tell us the history of your life." With great pleasure, madam. I have got it to music, and I sing it as I do when I go through some of the vil- lages." Then assuming the vulgarent street twang, and playing with the worst possible taste, he gave the follow- ing account of himself:— I was born respectably all in the town of Rye; Mother she sold sausingers, and father sold pig's fry. Then we lived in happiness and in prosperity. But one Mrs. Dorothy Fudge, who lived just hard by, She had a tabby cat, and dog, and a monkey. One day this tabby cat nobody could spy; She swore 'twas put in sausingers by mother, dad, and I. And nobody our sausingers any more would buy, They were afraid of eating Dorothy's tabby. 80, straightway of a broken heart my father he did die, And mother upon that account very much did cry; And I bought me a fiddle to live melodiously 5 With a titum, tiddle, tiddle, little, turn te ty and he concluded with a number of quaint md extraor- < dinary Aourishesjupon hiatviolio. (To be continued in our next.) ] THERE"S NOTHING IN VAIW* J Oh 1 prize not the essence of beauty alone, And disdain not the weak and the mean in our way » For the world is an engine—the Architect's own- Where the wheels of least might keep the larger in play. j We love the fair valley, with bloom in the shade;. We sing of green bills, of the grape and the grain; But be sure the Creator did well when he made The stark desert and marsh, for there's nothing in vain. ) We may question the locust that darkens the land, And the snake, flinging arrows of death from its eye; But remember they come from the infinite Hand, And shall man, in his littleness, dare to ask why ? ) Oh! let us not speak of the useless or vile;" They may seem so to us, but be slow to arraign < From the aavage wolf's cry to the happy child's smile, r rom the mite to the mammoth, there's nothing in vain. < There's a mission, no doubt, for the worm in the dust, As there is for the charger, with nostrils of pride f The sloth and the newt have their places of trust, < And the agents are needed, for God has supplied. 1 o could we but trace the great meaning of All, r And what delicate links from the ponderous chain, r From the dew-drops that rise to the star-drops that fall, Ð We should see but one purpose, and nothing in vain < ELIZA COOK. 8 Mister, your sign has fallen down!" cried a temperance I man to a grog-shop keeper, before whose door a drunken man was prostrate. We do not know whether this tem- perance man was the same into whose store a customer reeled exclaiming, Mr. —— do you—keep—a-ny thing ¡ —good to take here t" "Yes, we have excellent cold t water—the best thing in the world to take." Well, I ( know it," was the reply, there is no one—thing—that's done so much for—navigation—as that."—Yankee. A man with an orchard full of apple-trees lately adver- p tised for a lucky fellow with the fever and ague, to shake f hit; fruit down for him.—Jonathan. a
LOVE IS BLIND.
LOVE IS BLIND. A Birmingham paper relates the followir story illus- trative of the credulity of vanity:— p Coachmen and guards—guards in particui r—time out IT If mind have been proverbial for their gallantry; and h ?vents certainly justify the conclusion that the modern ri 'ace do no dishonor to their predecessors in this particu- v ar. It is not, therefore, to be wondered at that Mr. Ro- ft jert Moore, guard of the London and Holyhead mail, as a le passed every day through the Abbey Foresrate, Shrews- ti jury, looked with some degree of interest, which probably 1« lisplayed itself in his countenance, at the possessor of a o lair of fine eyes which peered regularly through the street, tl rhe admiring look gradually expanded to a smile, and tl :hen he ventured on a bow of friendly recognition, which o was coquettishly, but unmistakeably, returned. This was tl in the month of April. A week or two of this pantomimic q :ourtship passed, when an opportunity occurred which is arought them into more immediate contact. As the coach e lashed along the street the lady was absent from the win- si low, but on the road stood a well-known female figure, Requested to be conveyed to Welsh Pool. She was invi- P ted to take her seat by the guard, and from that moment d he was a doomed man. In the course of an interesting n :onversation she inadvertently let drop a few expressions, c which showed that she was the widow of Colonel Tripp, t allied to a noble family, and left with a very handsome u maintenance. She was lonely, however, and amused her- self with'her brother's children. Mr. Moore naturally felt increased interest in the lady, was highly delighted with her manner and conversation, and parted with her with much regret. They met again; the favorable impression she had made on him at first was deepened; interviews were more frequent, and at length he asked the important question, and was, after a considerable amount of hesitation, accep- ted. As was due to the lady of Colonel Tripp, Mr. Moore and bride drove to Birmingham in handsome style; and on the 15th of June (about two months from the time they had first seen each other) they were married by license at the Old Church, Edgbaston. After the ceremony they im- mediately started to London, and took apartments at the Euston-square Hotel. Here they resided for ten weeks in a continual round of gaiety; and Mrs. Moore took oc- casion while in London to visit some of her acquaintances. A fashionable equipage was always at their service the parks were regularly visited, and Mr. Moore felt renewed delight and interest in the recognition by his lady of the nobility as they also lolled easily along In carriages scarcely more handsome than his own. As it was necessary, how- ever, that some settlement with regard to her money should take place, she expressed a wish to call on Glyn and Co., of Lombard-street, her bankers, to ascertain exactly in what condition her affairs were. She accordingly did so, and found that, instead of £5,000, as she expected, Messrs. Glyn had not more than £2,000; but that £3,000 were in- vested in a club in Thatched-house Tavern, which could be easily made available. Satisfied with the explanation, they had time to enjoy themselves. Mrs. Moore, who was particularly acquainted with the Earl of Jersey, made fre- quent visits to his lordship's house in Berkeley-square; called on the Duke of Wellington at Apsley-house, visited at Lord Palmerston's, and left her cards at the residence of many titled friends. Calling- also at the Horse Guards respecting a military school Colonel Tripp had established at Chatham, while there with his regiment, she ascertained that some further funds were at her disposal, amounting to some hundreds. Accordingly, finding that she was pos- sessed of an ample fortune, she entreated Mr. Moore to give up his situation as guard of the mail, as not only was it unnecessary, as far as pecuniary matters were concerned, but derogatory to a lady of her birth and connections. This proposition, however, he took time to consider, and, ten weeks having elapsed since they arrived in London, they returned to Birmingham. Then it was that whispers began to reach his ears that his wife was not exactly so nobly connected as he had imagined; and, although he did think it strange that, while visiting the houses of the nobility with his wife, he had to remain in the carriage, yet he gave no heed to the slander, and threatened actions against some of his friends who propagated it. Writing, however, to Mr. Yates, of Pontypool, who had a sufficient sum of money of hers in his hands to defray incidental expensea-their trip to Lon- don being somewhat expensive, costing about £ 500—Mr. Yates returned as answer that he had not a farthing be- longing to the lady. Subsequent inquiry made more alarming disclosures. It was found that the lady had not a farthing in the world; was neither nobly nor aristocrati- cally connected; was not the widow of Colonel Tripp; and, what was far worse, was no widow at all, but the wife of a commercial traveller, with four children. It further appeared, greatly to the chagrin of Mr. Moore, that her maiden name was Axon, and she resided with her parents at the time of her first marriage, which took place on the Srd of April, 1834, at a cottage near Meole, called Money- brook. She was married at Meole to a Mr. Tripp, a com- mercial traveller, of Norwich, who was led to expect from her father a considerable sum of money on her marriage, which not being forthcoming, Mr. Tripp commenced an action against Mr. Axon for the recovery thereof. The consequence was that Mr. Axon became insolvent; his son-in-law opposed his petition before the commissioner, and he was remanded. Mr. and Mrs. Tripp, however, continued to live together for several years, and four child- ren were born; but from some cause or other they even- tually, about two years ago, separated, Mr. Tripp allowing his wife sufficient maintenance for herself and children. Here was a discovery for Mr. Moore—duped, disap- pointed, cheated out of upwards of jg500, and married to another man's wife; he gave her into custody at Birming- ham on the charge of bigamy. She was taken on Friday last to Shrewsbury, in custody of Inspector GIossop; the marriages proved against her; and the fact of her first husband being alive satisfactorily demonstrated by his being in Shrewsbury. On Monday she was remit- ted to Birmingham, and brought up at the public office here, but no prosecutor appearing ;against her, she was discharged." —
[No title]
The Prince of Capua has been for some time residing with his Princess at Malta, where they appear to have been reduced to great distress. A letter from Malta, dated Sept. 25, gives the following account of the seizure of the Prince's household goods for debt" On the 23rd, by virtue of a judgment of her Majesty's Commercial Court of Valetta, the Maltese shopkeepers, Messrs. Sciduna, of Strada Livante, took up a warrant of distraint upon the household furniture of his royal highness the Prince of Capua. The marshal of the court, three police-sergeants, a number of attendants, with a carpenter, to remove any impediments, proceeded to Sliecua, to the habitation of his royal highness, and demanded admission in the name of the court. The door was immediately opened, and he, with his assistants, went in. They were received in the hall by his royal highness, dressed in the full dress of a Neapolitan marshal. He had his servants round him. The marshal expressed to his royal highness the regret he felt at having such an unpleasant duty to perform. The Prince replied, 'Make no excuses to me; you are only doing your duty, and executing the. law. It is the para- mount duty of every one to implicitly obey the laws of the country be resides in. I have not put on this costume to intimidate you in the execution of your duty, but to give this indignity, offered by a consul to his sovereign, in the person of his brother, all the merit it deserves. This act is the act of the Neapolitan consul, not the act of Sciduna, to whom I have offered all the means of arrangement in my power. The Scidunas are only his tools. The consul does not wish this affair to be arranged. It is intended, by a course of persecutions, to drive me to acts or expressions which will again draw upon me the displeasure of my august brother, of whose fraternal affection for me I have recently had reiterated assurances. They will not succeed; my acts ever have been, and shall be, guided by a strict sense of what is due to my royal brother, and of what is just and legal. The insult' added the Prince, is to this uniformtouching his embroidered collar—'let those who ought be responsible. If I were living in luxury,' he resumed, 'a step like this might not appear to be uncalled for. Now, gentlemen, walk in, the whole of you, examine the furniture, wardrobe, plate, and the kitchen and larder of the Prince and Princess of Capua.' His royal highness, attended also by the Princess, then desired the servants to show the marshal through the house. A short time sufficed to strip it to its very window curtains. Even the Prince and Princess's dressing and toilette cases were taken. The marshal, when he saw the plate, thought he might stop but alas f it was only German silver. All the articles seized were then removed to Valetta, and the Prince, Princess, their children, and ser- vants, remained in a house with bare walls. The whole of the articles taken, excepting the carriage, will not fetch .t50. Many of them are now lying exposed in the entrance of the court-house, and furnish no little subject for the comments of passers by. To explain the reason for this act Imust inform you, that some time ago the Prince of Capua represented to his majesty the King of the Two Sicilies, his brother, that his financellwere much depressed, although he lived as cheaply as possible: that he was indebted to several persons, and wished to pay them, and for this purpose requested some pecuniary assistance. His majesty then, through the consul, caused some pecu- niary assistance to be tendered to the Prince to meet his immediate wants; this was made public through the city. His royal highness thought this a good opportunity of making some arrangement with Messrs. Sciduna, so as to do away with the necessity he had been under, for fear of an arrest, of receiving visitors by means of a rope-ladder I over a wall, and entered into a conference with him, and, ( whilst the terms were in discussion, desired his advocate to go to the consul to ask how far the assistance would go. I The Neapolitan consul would not listen to any such ar- rangements, saying it would be- construed as de- j liberately running counter to his majesty's wishes, and would only falsify the representations of the Prince's I limited finances. The Prince, resolved not to displease his majesty, gave ap the projected arrangement. in two s days a sequester ot property was laid in the consul's hands; t the next day, the 22nd, a warrant qf impediment of depar- ture was issued and on the 23rd the distress warrant, as above described. An eyewitness describes it as an heart- 1 rending scene to see a Prince of royal blood, with his r Princess and their two children, deprived even of the petty comforts enjoyed by persons of the most hnmble CJ rank." r RAILWAY SIGNALS.—The following circular has been t issued by the authorities of the Great Western Railway: J. —" On and after the 4th day of October, 1847, a man, to be called the4 travelling carriage porter,' will accompany J every express train in each direction. The business of c this man wiU be to ride on the seat placed for him on the tenders, and to keep a steady and vigilant look out on c both sides and along the top of the trains, so that in case of any accident to any carriages of the train, or of any signal from the guard, or any apparently sufficient cause that may come to his observation, he may at once com- municate with the engine-man, and, if necessary, stop the tram, further, it will be his business, generally, to have {? charge of the carriages forming the train, to see that in every respect they are in good condition and properly coupled up, the axles greased, and the lamps (at night) .1 burning properly, and he will alight immediately as the 0 train stops, and go to the axle-boxes of the carriages, and grease and examine them, and see that they are in proper order for travelling. And in any case at any one station ? he may have noticed anyone or more boxes gettinghot he must turn his first attention to these. He will in a like manner examine the couplings and the lamps, and call the S1 attention of the lamp-man at the station to any deficien- c cies. He will report to the principal guard every circum- P stance connected with the train which may require notice. u He will be required to observe carefully the running of the different carriages, and to take note of the number of any P one that may appear to run unsteady, or have any other defect, and to enter a note of this and of any other circum- stance, such as hot axles, &c., requiring to be remedied, in a report-book to be made up tor each journey. The travelling-carriage porter will be furnished with a pilot- b coat, &c., in addition to his present suit, with grease-box, h grease-knife, picker, lamps, &c. Their pay will be 25s. a per week, and the mall will be selected from the body of IT porters, and the appointment will be co-»sidered a reward ci for good and steady conduct, general intelligencp, and a acquaintance with the manigemeut of the carnages." P
THE FRENCH CORN-LAWS.
THE FRENCH CORN-LAWS. The Journal des Debats refers at much length to the commercial crisis in this country, but only to contend that it arises out of the immense importations of foreign grain necessitated by the failure of the harvest of 1846, and by the destruction of the potato crop. On these data the Debats demands the establishment in France of the princi- ples of free-trade. The only objection that can be made to this article of our contemporary appears to be that it seeks to do that by an indirect process which should be effected by open and straightforward demonstration and argument To this course, however, it is supposed that the Debats has been obliged to resort in order to avoid giving offence to the landed interest. The Journal des Debats endeavors further to restore con- fidence amongst the holders of grain, and to show the absurdity and danger of imposing restrictions on the free importation of foreign corn. It states that the stock of old corn on hand is much less than that which remained in the merchants' stores at the same period of last year, and that there exists a deficiency of potatoes and beans. This," adds the Journal des Debats,- Is a fit opportunity to remark with what circumspec- tion government ought to proceed when it is proposed to impose restrictions on the free importation of provisions. When the Chamber of Deputies voted the law which im extended the provisional permission to import corn until the month of January next nobody could foresee the result of the last harvest; but the persons who are systematically opposed to every measure which appears to be an encour- ment to free trade, combined so effectively that the exten- sion of time was limited to the month of January, 1848. We shall have time, said they, to procure supplies during the summer and autumn, as if it were prudent to haggle about a period of time when the question regarded the food of a nation. We now see that those persons were mistaken. A commercial accident has caused a suspen- sion in the arrival of grnin. Nobody is now purchasing corn either at Odessa, New York or New Orleans. How should we act were the present fall in the price of grain in France, which must be partly ascribed to the commercial crisis in England, to be followed by a considerable rise in two or three months? Does one imagine that it would be sufficient to extend the period for importing corn free of duty to January or February ? The example of last year has demonstrated the danger of waiting for those tardy laws. The year through which the Western Europe has passed has demonstrated how chimerical were the asser- tions that Russia and America were capable of inundating Europe with wheat. It was asserted that it was only ne- cessary to strike one's foot on the earth to see millions upon millions of sacks of corn produced at a low price. With regard to the low price, the returns of the prices in the different markets have shown 11s the truth of the asser- tion. If after a consideration of those facts any party should cooly maintain that agriculture would be endanger- ed should the restrictive laws of 1819 and 1832 be relaxed, we should begin to despair of the public common sense." -0
[No title]
THE MONETARY CRISls.-(n order that the actual state of the money-market may be understood, it may be necessary to explain the principles upon which a large amount of the discount business of the metropolis is trans- acted in ordinary times. In the ordinary course of busi- ness it is estimated that the London discount brokers, or rather discount bankers, transact business to the amount of 150,000,000 sterling per annum, exclusive of the regular banks. The capital to carry on this important branch of trade is almost exclusively derived from money lodged by depositors, either returnable at fixed periods or on calls, and in this way the sub-division has been extensively use- ful. A large portion of the money is often furnished by the country banks situated in districts where surpluses are being thrown off, and bills are re-discounted for other banks in districts where capital is deficient. The London discount houses, in consequence of their always paying depositors within a small fraction of the interest current in the market, have of late years been growing rapidly in importance as the most efficient distributors of capital in the world. In the ordinary state of things, they often re- ceive large advances trom the Bank of England on the deposit of commercial bills lodged as security, accom- panied with their own guarantee, and the profit is made for charging their clients applying for discount a little higher than the Bank rate. Now, in the present state of dis- credit these houses may be said to be virtually annihilated for all practical purposes. Nearly all the deposits have been withdrawn, and thus the means of discounting com- mercial bills to the extent on the average of about half a million per day is extinguished. Bankers and merchants are compelled, for their own security, to call in and retain their resources, and keep them under their own immediate control until the storm blows over, so that in such emer- gency there is no resource for them but the Bank of Eng- land, or a most tremendous sacrifice of their property. To such a length has mistrust been now carried that the latter resource can scarcely be considered available without pro- ducing ultimate ruin, whilst, on the other hand, the Bank of England is disabled from affording the required aid by the shackles imposed by the act of 1844. There is no other alternative, therefore, but to relieve the Bank from these trammels, temporarily a* least, or to permit the sacri- fice of hundreds ot industrious deserving families that must soon succumb to the storm.Morning Herald. "SMUGGLING BY THE ARIST°CRACY.—The Standard i states, on the authority of a correspondent at Southamp- ton, that, on Saturday week, tile collector of customs at < that port, received private information, that a noble" Duke, residing not a hundred m''es from Lyndhurst, on the confines of the New Forest, had so far forgotten the rules in regard to spirituous liquors imported into England from a neighboring country, as'to secrete a large quantity at his ducal mansion, without having previously 1 paid the accustomed duty. Two officers Were despatched J to his Grace," who, being comfortably seated at his hos- j pitable board, entertaining a few of his "select," politely 1 refused to see them. Not daunted, however, they at once proceeded to fulfil the object of {helJ and, in a closet, J accessible only (heretofore) to the duke himself, they dis- covered about thirty gallons of the purest spirit of brandy, ( neatly stowed away for use as occasion might require. Of c course, it was immediately seized, and c°nveyed to one of 8 her Majesty's cellars at Southampton- .On the following c Monday, the officers paid a similar visit to his grace's J yacht lying in the river, where another discovery was made of a large quantity of cordials and wines, nicely v packed in the lockers. An embargo was immediately laid upon the whole, yacht and all. Not long since, (adds the s writer) the lady of one of our most eminent colonial bishops, 11 attempted to smuggle a large quantity of foreign silk into S this port, and, had it not been for the indefatigable activity of the custom-house authorities, her ladyship would have 0 succeeded in her design. As it was, the whole of the pro- s perty was seized, but by a strange oversight in the law, in this particular instance, the delinquent escaped justice. 0 Professor Schoenbein, who invented* the gun-cotton, is c stated in the Revue Scientifique et Industrielle to have, to a t certain point, discovered malleable glass I He renders 1 paper paste (papier mache) transparent by causing it to t undergo a certain metamorphosis, which he calls catalytic, ( for want of a more intelligent term. He makes of this t: new paper window-panes, vases, bottles, &c., perfectly il impermeable to water, and which may be dropped on the b ground without breaking, and are perfectly transparent. v -]Vfceh(iiiics' Mayazin4 b On Thursday, the wreck of the Cricket steamer was a brought nearer to the shore, and the process of pulting 1 her to pieces commenced. Henry Hais nan, the engineer, s against whom the coroner's jury returned a verdict of c manslaughter, is still at large. Most of the sufferers have t commenced actions against the proprietors, the total n amount of their damages reaching to several thousand c pounds, 11
AGRICULTURE, &c. " ti ____ti
AGRICULTURE, &c. ti ti THE MAINTENANCE OF FERTILITY. c ri The maintenance of the fertility of the soil is a question it which some practical farmers hardly appear to regard with s: sufficient attention. Having by skilfully applied labor S1 successfully raised the productive powers of the land, they tl are too apt to repose on their own laurels and become un- v mindful of the exhausting and deteriorating process to which it is always steadily subjected. This error, so easily fallen into, so difficult to avoid, without the most j' steady and anxious consideration of the nature and extent of the constituents or food absorbed from the soil by the a crops which it produces, can yet be readily prevented by s a little aid from either the farmer's own common sense, or 0 the safe and sure illustrations of modern chemistry, which so clearly demonstrate the nature of the ingredients re- moved from all cultivated soils, and the manures by which this loss is supplied. It is idle to suppose that any other mode of tillage can be attended with anything like perma- H nent success. Whoever has made the attempt has shared the fate of the great Jethro Tull, one of the earliest and r best friends of English agriculture, and their failure will f be shared by all those who neglect the great principle of good farming—that what the crops of the cultivator ab- stract from the soil must in some form or other be returned to it, or the impoverishment of that land is sure and cer- tain. Jethro Tull, however, thought differently; but he I had not the aid of modern chemistry to prevent him from thus erring (he died in 1741). Tull believed that the earth, and the earth alone did everything for vegetation; = astonished at the effects which were produced by merely ( deGppninfr and pulverising old and badly farmed lands, he allowed, hns enthusiasm to carry him too far every 1 plant," he tells us, is earth, and the growth and true 1 increase of a plant is the addition of more earth j" and in another place he adds, too much nitre corrodes a plant, too much water drowns it, too much air dries the root of it, but too much earth a plant never can have." Thus im- pressed with the value and the all-sufficient powers of earth to support vegetation, it need hardly surprise us b it Tull had soon came to the conclusion, that under a proper management of the plough and the scarifier (for a rude instrument of the kind was known ih Tull's days), the land might be so pulverised and deepened as to bear its crops without the addition of any decomposing manures. Tull deceived himself in this instance, by not attending to the quantity of finely divided, slowly decomposing sub- stances, which all cultivated soils contain in some shape or other. By ploughing and pulverising, the progress of the dissolution of these matters was accelerated, they were rendered mote soluble, and then the succeeding crop was, by their aid, sufficiently nourished. But this opera- tion could not be long continued at each repetition of the experiment, the amount of the stubborn, slowly decom- posing matters of the soil became reduced, and, in conse- quence, the crops produced under the system became less. Tull's farm at Shalborn. in Berkshire, was well adapted to show the effect of this theory; it is situated on the crown of a rising ground, whose thin-skinned soil is a light loam mixed with gravel resting on chalk; of such a soil the organic matters, of necessity, are speedily exhausted by cropping and pulverising. Tull soon found this out; he struggled hard against the necessity, but he finally had recourse to the employment of manures; he found at last, that however valuable good tillage is, it is utterly incapable of supplying the place of fertilisers. The failure of Jethro Tull, therefore, in this great effort was complete; but it was the failure of a man of genius. He tardily admitted the value of dunging the land; but he explained its operation in such a way as still to refer all the benefit to the earth, when he told the farmers of those days, its use is not to nourish but to dissolve—that is, divide the terrestrial matter which affords nutriment to mouths of vegetable roots." To a very considerable ex- tent Tull was correct in this explanation of the mode in which common manure operates in rendering the soil more fertile; for it renders the land more pervious to the at- mospheric gases and vapor, and, in consequence, all vegetation growing on the land is better nourished and decomposition promoted. But the benefit, as Tull ima- gined, does not end here the organic matters of the com- post, as they slowly dissolve in the soil, gradually give out a considerable proportion of various gases, such as car- buretted hydrogen and carbonic acid gas, all of which are absorbed by the plant at the moment of their extraction, enter into new combinations, and promote its vigorous growth; and the inorganic portions of the manure, too, the farmer will remember are precisely those of the crops they nourish. As the results of the first crop or two de- ceived Tull, so, by a neglect of the reasons on which an improvement is founded, many.a similar error has been committed in our time. We have often had occasion to notice this in the result of the chalkings of the gravels and clays of Essex. Many of the farmers of that great agricul- tural county have-the opinion that the chalk does good to the soil only for the first few years; that it is a plan good for the leaseholder, but bad for the landlord. In other districts of England the application to light soils of marl is said to be attended with similar results—"to be good for the father, but bad for the son." Mr. Pusey has ex- plained this false conclusion exactly as Tun's tillage fail- ure arose. From improvidence marl was found to act without dung at first, and the fields which had been marled were consequently tilled without dung, until their soils were completely exhausted, and thence marling fell into disrepute." (Jour. R.A.S., v. iii., p; 180.) The true question for every farmer's consideration, as Mr. J. C. Morton has well remarked (ibid v. vii., p. 284) is, "How anv given degree of fertility can be maintained?" a ques- tion which Professor Johnson has conclusively answered, when he says, Soils which are chemically and physically alike are agriculturally equal." Given a soil whose net annual produce shall be a certain amount per acre, and you preserve its agricultural identity, its capability of annually rising similar crops, simply by taking care that its composition and its texture shall remain unaltered. This is what theory says upon the subject, and we do not see what objection can be made to a statement whose truth is nearly so self-evident. Agriculture is to be con- sidered as a manufacture, by which certain substances contained in the soil are converted into vegetable and animal produce; the fertility of land must therefore de- pend upon the occurrence of those substances in abun- dance, and in due relative proportion. I.et them be thus present, and let the great mass of the soil, the mixed clay, sand, and lime in it, be of such a texture as permits a suf- ficiently free passage through it, both to air and water, and the soil will be at its highest pitch of fertility. Let either its texture or its composition fail of this standard, and its productiveness will diminish. And there is no need, adds Mr. Morton, for imagining any mystery in this matter, in cases, as in agriculture, where the unknown principle of life is concerned. The failure in the produc- tiveness of a soil doubtless occurs just in the same way as does that of a tide-mill or a cotton factory, to which the raw material has been supplied in diminished quantity or of inferior quality. After stating the causes of the largely increased value of the Whitfield Farm, in Gloucestershire, to have arisen from the frequency of fallow crops, the purchase of food for stock, and the preservation of it, Mr. Morton remarks, that as regards the second cause, I may just state how far the matters annually brought on to this farm (it con- sists of about 282 acres) go to balance the loss it sustains of those annually carried off it. The account stands thus. There is an annual abstraction from the soil ot about 500 quarters of wheat, the produce of 120 acres of land, and of an amount of beef and mutton equal to the increase during five months on 30 or 40 three-year-old oxen, and during eight months on 250 to 300 shearling sheep, as well as of the substance of some 20 or 30 bacon hogs, bred and fat- tened on the farm in addition to this, there has lately been an annual sale of about 50 tons of Belgian carrots, and about 40 tons of potatoes. The mineral portion of all this matter is annually taken out of the soil. In the sales of vegetable produce alone, it thus sustains an annual loss of about four tons of its most valuable portion. But this is partly compensated by the purchased cattle food, which is consumed upon it. About 200 quarters of oats, 10 or 20 tons of oil-cake, and 40 or 50 quarters of linseed, barley, and beans, are thus consumed. The weight of their mi- neral constituents may be about 35 cwt. This reduces the amount of robbery committed to 21 tons, and we must suppose that the land is annually suffering an abstraction of this quantity of its best part, not to speak of the mineral portion of about 40 tons of butcher's meat also taken out of it. And all this, and more—for the land, so far from suffering from the treatment it receives, is exhibiting every year greater ability to grow the heavy and bulky crops it has hitherto yielded. All this, and more, must be manu- factured and prepared as vegetable food by the agency of the air and rain out of the very substance of the land." It was thus also that the great Jethro Tull so well reasoned more than a century since. The ingredients of the soil so necessary for the support of the plant, he thought, might all be furnished to the crop by minutely and deeply pul- verising the land. After the lapse of more than a century we see an enlightened scientific farmer of our day, armed with all the power which modern agricultural chemistry yields, still recurring, with some very necessary modifica- tion, to the theory of Tull, when he explains one of the chief causes of the successful cultivation of Whitfield Farm to have arisen in a great measure by the frequency of fallow crops, whose cultivation is attended by such con- stant and repeated stirrings of the soil that rain water will have peculiar facilities for acting as a solvent upon its substance." Here, then, we have an explanation of the true means to be adopted for the maintenance of the fer- tility of a farm. By the adoption of a good and uniform system of tillage, not only are the roots of the farmers' crops aided in their growth and absorption of food, but that food is, by the action of the rain and the gases of the ] atmosphere, supplied in a greater abundance. To aid this operation, the good farmer, of course, removes the land < water, which otherwise prevents the rain from penetrating into the soil; and he is, moreover, careful to restore, in some mode or other, all that his crops, or his growing 1 stock remove from his farm, the necessary inorganic in- ] gredients.—Bell's Weekly Messenger. NEW BOTTOMING FRUIT-TREES. The following account of the successful operation of a very curious process in the culture of fruit is from the New England Farmer:—" We had on our grounds several pear-trees, upon quince-stocks, which had ceased to make J any growth, and put on the appearance of a premature age, r with indications of early approaching decay. They were valuable trees, comparatively young, and in the height of r bearing, and we could not feel reconciled to the prospect J of losing them. They were the first we had had upon quince stocks, and we supposed they had reached the age at which such trees, from the course of nature, must de- cline and die, and made up our mind that if that were the t case we would cultivate no more pears on quince. Still, 11 being desirous to save these, the idea suggested itself, 0 whether, if we could substitute a pear root for that of the I quince, we might not effect the object. Acting upon this t suggestion, in the spring of 1846, we procured from a nur- s seryman a dozen of pear stocks young trees of two years' growth—and proceeded to put our plan into execution. h We first removed the earth partially from about the roots r, of four of these trees which were 111 the worst condition, so as to make place for the roots of the young pear trees, d preferring to place one on each of two opposite sidesof the old trees, where circumstances were such as to favor that arrangement. We then, by a drawing stroke of the knife, c cut the tops of the young stocks trom the roots, making 'I the taper about two inches in length, as for splice-grafting. *j Then, selecting a suitable place for the operation, on the tree to be experimented upon, just above the junction of P the quince with the pear, we first made a horizontal cut 0 through the bark to the wood. We then made an upward a incision in the bark, of the desired length. Enough of the a bark below the horizontal cut was then removed to. pre- J* vent its offering any obstruction to the operation.. The j* bark was then raised from the wood, by carefully passing a small three-cornered wedge upwards in the incisien." £ The root, already prepared for the purpose, an above stated, was then inserted under the hark* Mid*j^ently crowded upwards till it felt firm in its place.. opera- b tion was completed by binding it around firmly bass y matting or other suitable strings. The earth was then ni carefully put in about the root, and heaped up to the 01 lieigiit of some tour or five inches ab Replace otoDera- tr ion, so'as to exclude the air therefrom. We have found lis sufficient, without the use of grafting-wax or other ompositions, and in due time the moisture of the earth ots the matting, so that we have no occasion for removing The result of these experiments has been much more 1 atisfactory than we had expected, and we. consider the uccess complete. The roots grew in beautifully, and the rees are entirely renovated. Where for two years pre- ] iously the trees had merely leaved out and stood the j diole season without making any perceptible growth, they j ist year—the same season that the new roots were grafted i—sent forth strong vigorous shoots eighteen inches in mgth. They are making a free growth this spring, and re, besides, well set with fruit. One of them presents a triking contrast between the clean, vigorous, new growth f the top made the last year, and that portion of it which ( ras of previous growth, and has all the indications of ex- reme age. We should add, that subsequent develop- lents have shown, what we did not suspect at the time, hat the difficulty with these trees was the borer in the [uince root. Several others, on which we did not operate, fere entirely dead this spring, and on removing them the oot was found to be literally eaten up. The borers would lass upwards as far as the quince went, but were not found, n any instance to have passed into the pear. This peration may be usefully resorted to in a great variety of ases. Where trees are girdled about the roots by mice in vinter, they may be saved in this way. There are many tear-trees, also, which, having attained a good size, have )ecome stunted in consequence of the stock being a sucker rom an old tree. In such cases, and all others where luch vitality and vigor are necessary in consequence of lefect in the root, the tree may be renovated by this pro- :ess. We are, therefore, inclined to look upon it to be, as t has been pronounced to be by some very intelligent hor- ticulturists from abroad, to whom we have exhibited the results, a most important and useful discovery.kariiier's Magazine. BtRMriYGHASf, (Thursday last.)-During the present week little good wheat has been shown; and the sales made were at prices 3s. to 4s. per qr. over previous cur- rency. Barley fully as dear, and the same remark applies to oats. Beans sell freely at fully as much money. At this day's market there was a short supply of wheat from the farmers, but the trade ruled dull at 2s. to 3s. per qr. over the rates of this day se'nnight. Barley rather dearer, with a limited demand. Oats unaltered. Beans and peas fully as dear. The millers advanced the retail price of flour 3s. 4d. per sack.—Averages: wheat, 2,300 qrs. 7 bush., 56s. O!d.; Barley, 51 qnl., 3.58. 6id. oats, 45 qrs., 29s. 10 £ d.; beans, 61 qrs. 2 bush., 50s. Old.; peas, 29 qrs. 3 bush., 45s. 1 Jd. BALLINASLOE FAIR.-The fair opened on Monday week, and at the close of the day's business all concurred in declaring it the worst witnessed for many years. The number of sheep sold-viz., 34,809, was irom 10,000 to 16 below the average of the preceding ten or twelve years. The reductions under the figures of last October were 4s. for prime lots, and inferior descriptions from 6s. to 8s. FOREIGN CATTLE.—With reference to the general or- ders issued by the board of customs to the officers of the department in the month of February, 1845, directing their attention to the state of the cattle imported, in consequence of a certain disease then raging among cattle on the con- tinent, the commissioners have caused the principals of the department in London, and the collectors and comp- trollers of the customs at the several outports of the king- dom, to be made acquainted that information has been officially received of the prevalence of an infectious disor- der among sheep in several parts of the continent, and have directed that they will give instructions to the officers under their survey carefully to examine all sheep and cat- tle which may be imported into their respective ports from the continental states of Europe, and that in the event of their appearing to be infected with any disorder, they are not to permit them to be landed from the importing vessel without an inspection as to their soundness by some com- petent person, and to report the circumstances forthwith to the commissioners for their direction. Allusion is es- pecially made in this order to two of a similar character issued in the month of February, 1845, on the subject. As the matter is of great public interest and importance, it may be stated, that the first consisted of a communication to the board of customs from the Secretary of the Treasury, stating that he had been commanded by their lordships to inform them that intelligence had been received from va. rious quarters of the prevalence of an infectious disorder among cattle in several parts of the continent, and to de. sire them to give instructions to their officers carefully to examine any cattle imported into this country, and in the event of their appearing to be infected with any disorder, not to permit them to be landed without inspection, and report as to their soundness by some competent person, the circumstances being forthwith reported to the board; the second, informing the officers of the department throughout the kingdom that the Lords of the Treasury having, through their secretary, Mr. Trevelyn, with refer- ence to instructions already conveyed to the board of cus- toms on the subject of a certain disease raging among cattle on the continent, desired that the board would en- join upon all their officers the greatest attention to the state of the cattle imported, they (the officers) were to be apprised of this communication, and enjoined to a strict attention to the matter, with reference to the previous or- der of the government on the subject, taking care not to fail to represent to the board any matter that should arise fit for their cognisance. It will be seen that the present order is similar to those issued in 1845 on the subject, and will, as on that occasion, require an official inspection of all cattle imported by a veterinary surgeon on the part of the crown, previously to their delivery and admission for home consumption, which shall appear to be in a diseased state.—Times.
THE LONDON MARKETS.
THE LONDON MARKETS. METALS. £ a. d. £ s. d SPRLTER-On spot .per ton 0 0 0 to 18 15 0 For arrival 0 0 0 to 18 15 0 ZINc-English Sheet. 0 0 0 to 27 0 0 QUICKSILVER per lb. 0 0 0 to 0 4 6 IKON*—English bar, &c.per ton 0 0 0 to 9 15 0 Nail rods 0 0 0 to 10 150 Hoops. 0 0 0 to 12 0 0 Sheets 00 0 to 13 0 0 Hails in Wales 0 0 0 to 9 0 0 Bars in Wales 0 0 0 to 8150 Pig, No. 1, Welch 4.10 0 to 5 5 0 No. 1, Clyde 0 0 0 to 3 100 Foreign—Swedish 0 0 0 to 11 10 0 CCND 0 0 0 to 16 0 0 PSI 0 0 0 to 16 0 0 STEEL—Swedish keg.per ton 17 10 0 to 17 15 0 Faggot 16 5 0 to 15 5 0 COPPER—Sheet&sheathingp.lb. 0 6 0 to 0 0 10 Old 0 0 0 to 0 0 8 Cake per ton 0 0 0 to 93 0 0 Tile 0 0 0 to 92 0 0 Chili 0 0 0 to 71 0 0 TIN-English block. 0 0 0 to 4 12 0 bars. 0 0 0 to 4 13 6 Banca 0 0 0 to 4 14 6 Straits 4 11 0 to 4 12 0 Peruvian 1 9 0 to 1100 TIN PLATES—No. IC. p. box 1 8 0 to 1 10 0 No. IX 114 0 to 1160 LEAD-Sheet. perton 0 0 0 to 19 10 0 Shot, patent 0 0 0 to 19 150 Red 0 0 0 to 21 100 White. 0 0 0 to 23 10 0 PIG-LHAD-English 0 0 0 to 16 15 0 Spanish 17 10 0 to 17 14 0 American 00 0 to 17 15 0 Iron 5s. to 7s. 6d. per ton less at Liverpool. TIMBER. £ s. d. it s. d Baltic Timber, per load of 50 cubic ft. 4 2 6 to 4 15 0 Yw. Deals, per standard hundred 15 10 0 18 0 0 Deck Deals, per 40 feet 3 in.. 1 5 0.. 1 10 0 Crown ditto ——— 0 00.. 0 06 Pipe Staves, per mille 100 0 0 ..117 10 0 Lathwood, per fm. of 4 feet. 6 10 0 8 0 0 Petersburgh, Riga, and Archangel..) 16 0 0 18 00 Yo. Deals, per 120 red'd f White. 14 00.. 14 100 Yo. Battens 16 10 0 18 10 0 Riga Logs, for 18 feet cube. 3 15 0 4 10 0 Stettin Pipe Staves, per mille 75 0 0 ..120 0 0 Gothenb.Yo.Deals,per 100 12f.3in.9in 25 0 0 27 0 0 White ditto. —— 23 0 0" 2.5 0 0 Yo.Battens,perhd.l2ft.2Jin.7in. 41 10 0 16 10 0 ChristianiaY.Deals,per.hd.12ft.3in.9in 28 10 0 29 0 0 White. 26 10 0 27 00 Yo.Battens,perhd.l2ft.2.jin.7in. 0 00.. 0 00 2 Yo. Pine, per 100 red'd 16 00.. IS 00 Red Pine —— 10 0 0 26 0 0 Red PineTimber, per load of 50 cubic ft 4 00.. 0 0 0 Yw. ditto 3 7 6 3160 Birch ditto 2150.. 4 5 0 Ashditto. 4 15 0. 5 CO
IHAY MARKETS.
HAY MARKETS. SMITHFIELD.-Meadow Hay, £ 3 Os. to £ 40s.; Clover ditto, 92 5s. to jC3 8s.; and Straw, ZI 14s. to £ 1 16s. per load. CUMBERLAND.—Meadow Hay, zC3 0s.to £ 4 Os.; Clover, ditto, S3 10s. to Z5 os.; Straw, £1 14s. to jel 18s. per load. WmTECHAPEr,.—Meadow Hay, j63 Ms. to £ 40s.; Clo- ver ditto, £ 3 Os. to 18s. and Straw, £ 1 2s. to. £ 1 16s. per load.
COAL MARKET.-FRIDAY, OCTOBER…
COAL MARKET.-FRIDAY, OCTOBER 9. (Price of Coals per Ton at the close of the Market.) Carr's Hartley, 22s, 6d.-West Hartley, 17s. 3d.-Wy- nam, 16s.-WalI's. end :—Hi)da, 25s. 9d.—Killingworth 26s. 3d.—Eden Main, 27s.-Braddyll's Hetton, 27s.—Sid ney's Hartley, 22s. 6d.
TEA, COFFEE, SUGAR, AND SPICE…
TEA, COFFEE, SUGAR, AND SPICE MARKET. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 9. TEA.—The market has been rather inactive this week; there has, however, been some speculative parcels of com- mon Congou forced off at rather lower prices, viz.; good ordinary useful have been sold at 8}d. to 9d.; common Hyson and low Gunpowder have also sold cheaper; but the middle class and fine Congous (which are getting into small compass) have maintained previous rates. COFFEE.-In this market some parcels of native Ceylons have been forced off, at 34s. to 35s. per cwt., which are rather under previous quotations. Plantations have sold in public auction, at fully Is. to 2s. per cwt. lower; mid- dling quality, 44s. to 49s.; superior, 63s. to 68s. per cwt. SUGARS.—The market has been very heavy this week, chiefly owing to the extreme pressure ot the money- market. Holders, to effect sales, have submitted to a fur- ther reduction of from Is to 2s per cwt. In British plan- tation, the sales for the week amount to 2,150 hhds. The public sales rave likewise gone off, at an average decline of fully Is. per cwt. There have been offered 14,000 bags and 200 casks of Mauritius. The importers met the buyers, and nearly all sold. Brown, 31s. 6d. to 38s.; yellow, 41s. to 46s. pei'cwt-; 9,000 bags Madras; low realised 31s. and 32s. fid.: Ane 46s" ,and 48s. per cwt. Of foreign there have beeii offered 1,961 boxes yellow Havannah, and sold readily at rathar lower _ratg$. Prices ranged from 36s. to 45s. per cwt. SpieES.—At pubjlc sale, there have been offered 526 bags BwiVbon Cloves, and spld at 5fd. to 6id. per lb., being prg^iot» rates. iOOO robins of .Malabar Black Pepper I offered, bougnt in at 2fd. per lb. In Pimento and other descriptions of spices; but little business has beta transacted, without alteration, in prices. CORN, IMPERIAL MEASURE. (From the Mark-Lane Express.) 6S WHEAT, EssEX & KENT, red.. [;_3 56 White •• 0 New 50 54 New "1 Norfolk and Suffolk.. 50 52 WhIte.. 84 S RYE, new$^ INDIAN CORN .30 35 Extra •• IW BARLEY, Chevalier, new ;31) 37 Malting* Distilling 25 30 Grinding Scotch — —Irish. ••*tfiir MALT, Brown 54 60 Pale SU & Norfolk F 1\ Ware pale 66 68 ChevaliER$( OATS, English, teed 25 29 Potato,&c. Irish, feed 24 27 New Do. Potato 27 29 New Scotch feed 22 24 Potato..•• PEAS,white, Essekand Kent,boilers. NE*40 1 Do. fine Suffolk .1 Do. do. extra Do. fereign „ }, Do. non-boilers 81 W Maple new Grey or Hog 1* Blue BEANS, Tick new 0 46 H Harrow 0 0 » Pigeon 0 0 Mazagan — kØ FLOUR, Town-made & firstcounrry marks, per sac: S8 < /I Norfolk and Suffolk 5 Stockton and Yorkshire 24' American. 25 28 Wheat Barley Oats Rye BEANS A versge of the I 6 weeks which regulates the 1 I1 IT duty 54 8 33 10 24 3 33 9 46 Dutiespayable 0 on foreign corn 00 00 00 0 0 0 W Ditto on grain I 11 from British possessions J 9 outofEurope 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OJ^'H LONDON AVERAGES. A. £ s. CL JT Wheat qrs. 2 16 7 Rye qT9- I i j Barley 1 13 4 Beans 9' Oats 17 11 Peas J, BREAD. HD The prices of wheaten Bjread in the metropolis •$ Hd. to 8d.; of household ditto. (id. to Id. Y- tt loal. J N! TOTAL ACCOUNT OF CORN, &c., J Arrived in the Port of London, from 4th October J to 9th October, 1847, both inclusive.. English. Scotch. Irish. Wheat. 3561 — — Barley. 1221 — 170 '<J Malt 1513 — 250 JI Oats. 161 742 — F Rye. 18 — ';t Beans. 695 — 20 T0F> Peas. 487 — — s? Tares 193 — — .AJO Linseed 20 — — (j? Rapeseed. — — Y Brank. — — — Mustard seed — — }! Seeds. 263 — — • Flour, Sacks. 1839 — — SEEDS. s. s. Hemp.. perqr. 35 38 Coriander, fine old» » „ small .35 38 cwt. • IJ «. Canary 66 68 „ new 4}" F TurnipSeed,Swedes— — Carraway, new • £ J „ otherqualities 16 21 „ fine • Mustard, white new 10 12 Tares, foreign, pet x „ brown" 9 10 bush y Trefoil.. percwt. 16 — „ winter NEW • „ extra. 22 23 Linseed Cakes, per 1,000 £ 12 10S. to j613 J"" «F Rape, per ton, £5 to £ 5 5s. — & SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET- J Per 81bs. to sink the offals. p S. d. S. d. 8. 0) Coarse and inferi- Primecoarsewool- 10 I I or Beasts 3 10 4 2 led Sheep. 2nd quality,do. 4 4 4 6 Prime south down .5 Prime Oxen 4 8 4 10 ditto *[ H Prime Scots,&c. 5 0 5 2 Large Calves Coarse and infe- Prime small do 4 O. rior Sheep ..4 2 4 4 Large Hogs. 4 Sl 2nd quality, do 4 6 4 8 ) Small porkers.. 4 BUTTER, BACON, CHEESE, AND S Irish Butter,new,P.cwt.s. s. Cheese, per cwt.. Carlow, new 94 — Double Gloucester-^ 7 Sligo 80 — Singteditto ¡;6 Banbridge — — Cheshire 55 I Cork, 1st 90 Derby A| Waterford 98 100 American English Butter, Foreign YD' Dorset, per firkin 54 — Bacon, new L Foreign Butter,cwt. Middle an [| Prime Friesland 102— Hams, Irish Do. Kiel 102 — Westmoreland i' Fresh Butter 12s.6d.perdoz. York j I HOPS. J BOROUGH, Mynday, October 11. J Sussex 60s. to 80s. East Kents —■'•J?"' Wealds 80s. to 84s. Do. Choice Mid. Kents. 90s. to 112s. Farnham Mid. Kents. 90s. to 112s. Farnham PRICES OF TALLOW. 1844. 1845. 1846. J] Stock on Monday 18952 11256 6504 Delivery last week. 1882 2566 2210 Ditto from 1st June 25906 41799 23138 < Arrival last week 979 218 2181 51, Ditto from-1st June 25753 24484 19018$ Price on Monday 41s 6d 42s 3d 47s OA FT Ditto town last Friday. 4.58 Od 4&s 6d 47s 6D ) 18401. ?JJ Arrivals for the week from St. Petersburg. 620 „ „ Odessa, Taganrog, &c. ✓ » » Hull „ „ South America — X » NorthAmerica — X »» » France -V ✓ „ Anstralia 247 0 „ „ Other places — J/. Total 8 PRICES OF SOAP. 8. d. 8. d. 8. < V Yellow Soap 49 0TO52 0 Melting Stuff 38 0 1V Mottled do. 50 0 53 0 Rough do. 24 0 Curd DA 64 0 J, V Graves, 2011.; and good Dregs, 5s. per cwt.: ROU» average 3S. per 81bs. > RAW HIDES, I SHEEP & CALF at per stone of Hlbs. Per skin. d t> So d. s. d. s. O' I Best steers and Market Calf 6 heifers 5 4 5 8 Long woolled FT J Middling hides 4 8 5 2 Sheep 0 JJ 0 Inferior ditto. 4 2 4 6 Short ditto 0 PRICES OF LEATHER AT LEADENHA^ Tuesday, October 10. 1J. Perlb. KIPS.-PETERSBURG Raised Butts. 14d to. 16d Unshaved. Crop Hides, 30 to libs. lbs. d. d. 351b 9d LOJD 4 to 7 ISTOLTIB—' S Do. do. 4Ot0451b 10d 13id 7 9 15 17 Do.do.50to60tbI2d 17d 9 10 14 16 — Foreign Butts.. 9d 18d 11 13 13 15 — English ditto ..lid 24d ,c Dressing Hides 9d lid CALF SKLN»;$ Do. do. shaved..10Ad J5d Unrounded. V Saddlers' Hides 183 14d lbs. lbs. d. d. T0 Horse Hides,En- 20to28 II to 14..IF V> glish&Germanl2d 16d 30 35 11 14..1*| r. Horse, Spanish..16d 18d 35 40 12 17.. J, Do. without Buttsl(>s 21s Id 40 45 13 18. K Seal Skins 8d 20d 45 50 13 19..1' Basfls 7d lid 50 55 13 20.. 1? 55 60 15 21..17 9 KIPS,—East India. 60 70 16 20..11 < Dry Salted Best 80 15 19.. K, 5 to 71 bs.15d 17d 80 90 14 18.J? V. Do. do. 7 to91bs. 12d 15d 90 100 14 17. Do. sec .lid 13d 1W 120 13 Do. thd. 9d WD —
Advertising
ORDERS FOR NEWSPAPERS AND ADVEP$JJ^' MENTS, RECEIVED BY THE FOLLO^ AGENTS ABERYSTWYTH Mr. William Davies, CARDIGAN Mr. Fowler. .TR CARMARTHEN White and Sons, tioners, &c., King-sU-00 '■ < FISHGUARD Mr. Parry. arfP,, LONDON Mr. Jos. Cbyton, No. 3'20, J# Mr.G.Reynell,42iCha»CEI7BJ<^ Mr. S. Deacon, 3, near the Mr. W. Thomas, 21, O11* street, Strand. T Mr. Hammond, '27, J street. w Messrs. Newton & CO. wick-square, NEWGATE^ .Messrs. Lewis & Lewis, •>> Court, Cornhill. R.Barker&Co.,33HEET-8V IT MANCHESTER .Messrs. B. ConsterdlU Exchange Arcade MILFORD .Mr. Richardson, PEMBROKE .Mr. Ormond, O, Mr, H, E, Pottejr, PEMBROKE DOCK.Mr. N, Owen, P. O. „ Mr, W, J^nies.L NARBERTH Mr, J, M. Hancock. SOLVA „„,„.Mr, John Howell. K, TENBY .Mr, James Hughes. h GJRNJ Mr, Thomas, OPPOAITETLJF^J^, And by all Post-Masters and News-Agents Ft I':ØW"' Kingdom: and filed AT Peel1# C^EE-JIOUSE, e, London. M M" Printed and published by Joseph Potter, 8* T E 0>»\ in High-street, in the parish of St, Mary, M of the Town of Haverfordwest, on Friday THE I5 October, 1847
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS.
EXPORTS AND IMPORTS. The official returns of the board of trade of the total im- ports and exports of the United Kingdom for the eight months of the present year ending the 5tli September last, have just been issued, and are at this time peculiarly inte- resting, and we think satisfactory. The returns show a very large increase in the imports of different articles of food, besides corn and bread-stuff; but there is also S a considerable increase in the exports of all our staple ar- a tides of manufacture, including cotton, linen, silk, wool- r len, and iron. The increased quantity and value exported v of all the above are very decided, and after allowing for e the diminution on minor articles of home manufacture, s the exports amount to £.35,309,798, against £34-,531,185 c of the corresponding period of last year. This result, we c think, proves the correctness of the opinion we have fre- a quently expressed, that the trade of the country generally t is in a sound condition, and that it will recover its former s energy as soon as the causes of the present crisis are r somewhat modified. t The increased quantity of various articles of food im- r ported will be seen by the following items, and they in- r dicate not only a greater power of purchasing amongst the J manufacturing and laboring population occasioned by in- j creased employment, but an addition to the revenue of the excise. The following have been the imports of the f undermentioned articles in 1846 and 1847, viz. 5 1846. 1847. Wheat qrs. 1,095,663 1,572,847 Indian Corn qrs 421,041 2,941,900 Indian Meal cwts 96,162 1,167,756 Flour cwt 2,177,639 4,528,994 ( Oats qrs 505,393 1,083,390 1 Cows No. 12,119.. 23,562 Sheep 35,551 74,598 Calves, 1,344 17,946 Pigs,, 1,358 823 Bacon cwts 1,514 62,832 Pork, salted cwts. 87,8240.. 189,927 Butter cwts. 148,007 207,938 Tea lbs 37,514,283 41,768,689 Cocoa,, 1,613,968 3,418,315 Coffee, Colonial lbs 12,843,7G7 16,226,551 Do. Foreign,, 12,776,137 9,539,154 Currants lbs. 102,759 147,955 Rice cwts 510,423.. 889,659 Gin. gals 282,862 324,627 Brandy,, 1,795,617 2,150,476 Rum 2.428,695 3,304,983 Sugar cwts 3,797,907 5,459,914 The great increase in the import of the above articles o! general use, shows that the navvies and other laborers employed in railway construction must have expended no inconsiderable portion of their earnings in the purchase of them, and it undoubtedly proves that the working classes have been able to command a larger share of necessaries and luxuries than in ordinary seasons of employment. The increase of some of the items, however, is directly referable to the deficient harvest of last year. This obvi- ously is the case with the" bread-stuffs õ" with reference to bacon and salt pork, the larger imports have been occa- sioned by the almost entire disappearance of the pig in Ireland. Most of the items, however, explain themselves so clearly that they require no additional remarks. Of the chief articles of raw material imported the returns are much better than .expected. The following are the amounts:— 1846. 1847. Indigo, cwts 55,638 47,925 Flax and hemp, cwts. 499,770 533,684 Raw silk, lbs 3,000,157 2,735,317 Cotton wool, cwts. 3,446,984 3,007,309 Sheep's wool, lbs. 44,329,446 36.103.557 Although the imports of raw material do not contrast favorably with the large increase in the imports of food and show that our stocks on hand must be considerably less than last year, yet the returns of the value of our ex- ports are, as we have observed, of a gratifying character. The principal items are as follow 1846. 1847. Cotton manufactures £11,769.662 £12.338,200 Cutlery, &c. 1,501,491 1,544,498 Linen manufactures 1,854,062.. 2,028,535 Metals, iron, &c. 2,944,815 3,542,074 Silk manufactures.. 614,720 728,458 Woollen yarn 558,808 643,344 Woollen manufactures 4,601,699 5,122,807 -.Morning Chronicle. 0