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HANES GOGINAN.—III.
HANES GOGINAN.—III. TRAJSTHAWD BUDDUGOL IVIEWN CTFABI-OO LLENYDDOL, CHWEFEOK 16, 1906. GAN WILLIAM EVANS, C.S., PONTEBWTD. Nis gallaf ymatal heb roddi ychydig baeli o hanes y Morganiaid o Felingraig. Dyma, nifer o wyr grymus, wedi cael eu dwyn i fynu ar hen aelwyd grefyddol, ac a ddaethant yn golofnau cedyrn gydag achos crefydd. Aeth Ebenezer a William yn bregethwyr gyda'r Trefnyddion Wesleyaidd, a gwnaethant waith mawr gyda'r enwad parchus hwnw. Y mae William eto yn fyw, sef y Parch William Morgan, Erwyd House, Aberystwyth, hwn sydd yn awr tua 82 mlwydd oed. Cafodd John a Dafydd ei gwneyd yn flaenoriaid gyda'r un enwad eto. Y mae un chwaer iddynt eto yn aros, mewn oedran teg. Yn Hen Felin Bonterwyd yr oedd eu tad a'u mam yn byw wedi iddynt briodi, ac yno y ganwyd y rhan fwyaf os nad yr oil o'r plant. Buasai yn hawdd nodi llawer tu a llawer teulu eto, ond amser a balla. Ar ol taflu golwg ar yr ardal, y pentref, a'r trigolion, mi sylwaf yn yr z! II. Le ar y DIWIDIANAU, neu y tnoddion cyn- haliaeth oedd gan y trigolion, yn benaf trigolion y pentref. Y mae hwn yn bwnc pwysig. Beiir ami un am fod o nifer disgyblion y torthau ond y mae yn rhaid wrth y dorth, a dyna sydd yn gwneyd lie yn boblogaidd ydyw y fantais i gael y dorth. Beth sydd yn gwneyd siroedd Forganwg a Mynwy raor boblogaidd yn awr ydyw y cyfleusdra i enill y dorth. Felly, hefyd, fe fu yr ardal hon, a'r ardaloedd o gwmpas, yn enwog fel lleoedd i enill cynhaliaeth. Nid o'r ychydig ffermydd a nodwyd yr oedd y rhai hyn yn cael angenrheidiau bywyd. Na, pe bai pob llathen o dir oedd yn y gyindogaeth yn cael ei drin fel paradwys ni byddai yn ddigon i chwarter y trigolion. Yr hyn ddygodd v fath nifer o bobl i'r lie, a'r hyn a'u cynhaliodd am flynyddoedd, oedd y mwnfaoedd. Un hynod oedd y ganrif ddiweddaf am yr ymgais a wnaed i gloddio al]an drysorau o hen fynyddoedd Cymru. Felly hefyd am y rhan hon o Gymru. Mawr y cloddio a'r tyllu fu yn y mynyddoedd a'r bryniau o gwmpas. Prin y gwelir mynydd na bryn nad ydyw yn llawn creithiau a thyllau. Ond yr hen fynydd y Castell, ger Goginan, y bu y cloddio mwyaf o un lie yn agos yma. Wrth edrych ar y tyrau mawrion o ysbwrial sydd i'w weled, a'r olion yn yr hen waith hwn, a meddwl faint y mae y llifogydd wedi gario ymaeth, fe ellir tybied fod yr hen fynydd yn wag i gyd o fewn. Efallai mae gwaith Goginan a gwaith Cwmystwyth ydyw y rhai hynaf yn Sir Aberteifi. Y mae sicrwydd fod y Rhufeiniaid wedi bod yn gweithio yn y naill a'r Hall o honynt. Y mae yr hen fwnwyr yn adnabod tyllau y Rhufeiniaid yn rhwydd. Y mae yn bosibl felly fod yr hen waith hwn yn agos i ddwy fil o flynyddau o oed. Daeth y Rhufeiniaid i'r wlad hon c.c. 50, a buont yma yn bur lluosog hyd o.c. 410. Folly rhaid fod gweithio wedi bod yn y gwaith hwn rhwng y blynyddoedd a nodwyd. Y mae yr olion hefyd yn profi eu bod wedi gweithio am amser hir yn yr ardaloedd hyn, oblegid fe geir eu holion mewn Iluaws o fanau eraill. Bu canoedd lawer o fwnwyr yn gweithio yn ngwaith Gogigan am flynyddoedd, a chariwvd miloedd lawer o dynellu o fwn plwm ymaith i'r farchnad oddi yma. Diwrnod hynod iawn oedd diwrnod y talu yma- Y dydd y byddai y gweithiwr yn derbyn ei dal, ie a'r dydd y bydda llawer o bobl nad oedd wedi gweithio dim, yn ystyr fanylaf y gair, yn derbyn mwy o gyflog na haner dwsin o'r gweithwyr caletaf. Yr oedd dydd y talu yma yn ddiwrnod ffair, a ffair pur fawr hefyd. Yr oedd canoedd o bobl yn bresenol y prydnawn hwn, a'r oil wedi dod i wyneb y ddaear. Rhai newydd ddod o gromliil y ddaear, ac eraill wedi ymdrwsio, ac yn ba rod ar ol derbyn y tal i fyned i vmweled a'u teuluoedd. Yr oedd yma shiopwyr o bob math yn dod i gymeryd archebion am nwyddau gan y cwsmeriaid ly 11 da, ac i wylio rhag i ambell gymeriad dipyn yn rhydd redeg a'i dal i ffwrdd, a hwythai yn cael colled. Byddai teilwriaid yn dod a samplau o frethynau, a'r cryddion yn dod i gymeryd m^surau am esgediau, a ceid gweled y cigydd yno. Hefyd byddai ysdondinau o fan nwyddau a chacenau, a phob math o fan bethau at ddenu plant. I) bob peth oedd yno i'w weled, mi gredaf mae yr olygfa orau oedd cael golwg ar y gwahanol gadbeniaid a'r holl swyddogion o bob math. Hawdd oedd gwybod ei bod yn cael bendith ar eu bwyd. Nid oedd yr un llesg yn eu plith. Sicr fod aniryw o honynt yn pwyso o ddau gant a haner i dri chant. Hawdd gweled pwy oedd yn cael y brasder. Ond, wedi'r cyfan, yr oedd rhai o honynt yn bobl pur cida i weithio iddynt. Pan ddechreuodd y lie fyned yn boblogaidd cyfodwyd dwy siop yn y pentref, a man siopau gyda hyny. Cyfodwyd un gan John Sylfanus, nc adwaenid hi am flynyddau wrth yr enw Shiop John Sil. Y fwyaf o gryn lawer oedd un a godwy d gan Griffith Williams, a Shiop Griffith y gelwid hono. Fel yr awgrymwyd yn barod, cafwyd trysor lawer allan o hen fynydd y Castell, a bu hyny yn gefnogaeth i'r cwmni barhau i gadw y gwaith i fyned yn mlaen am lawer o flynyddoedd, fel y bu ugeiniau lawer o weithwyr a'u teuluoedd yn cael eu cynhaliaeth am amser hir. Heblaw gwaith Goginan yr oedd mwnfeydd lawer eraill o gwmpas yr ardal, megys gwaith y Bwlch, gwaith Blaendyffryn, Lefel y Rhyeh, gwaith Cwrnbrwynog, gwaith Tynpwll, Owmerfin, Cwmsebon, Cwmshop, &c. Ond nid oedd yr oil o'r mwnfeydd a nodwyd yn cael eu gweithio yr un pryd. Cychwynwyd rhai lawer o flaen y Jleill, a pharhaodd rhai i weithio am amser hir wedi i bob olwyn beidio troi mewn rhai eraill. Byddai anadl ambell gympeini yn dal yn bur hir, tra fyddai cwmnioedd eraill yn cau y gwaith i fynu yn y man os na fyddai yn fantais i'w pocedau hwy i'w gadw yn mlaen. Fe barhaodd y gweithfHydd. a nodwyd i gadw digonedd o waith am atnsrr hir i drigolion yr ardal, ac hefyd i lawerodd o ddieithriaid a ymdyrent i'r lie i gael enill eu cynhaliaeth. Ond fe ddaeth tro ar fyd, a hyny i raddau yn sydyn. Prinhaodd y trysorau yn y ddaear, ac heblaw hyny cwympodd ei bris yn y farohnad, felyr aeth y mwnfeydd i beidio talu i'r perchenogion. 0 ganlyniad gorfod cau llawer o honynt i fynu yn hollol, a chadw llai o ddwylo yn yr ychydig oedd yn para i weithio. Bu y pethau a nodwyd yn foddion i wasgaru y trigolion, rhai i Lundain, rhai i Morganwg, eraill i ogledd Lloegr, a lluaws i'r America. 0 Cyn gadael matery mwnfeydd mi nodaf ychydig o bethau a ymddangosant i mi fel rhesyma pahara y cauwyd i fynu y gweithfeydd mwn, fel y maent yn hollol diwerth hyd heddyw. 1. Fel y nod ivyd i- n barod, gostyngodd pris y mwn yn y farchnad. Bu adeg pan werthid mwn Goginan. am .£25 y dynell, a mwn Cwmsebon am £ 26 neu .£27, ac yr oedd y mwn plwm o'r gweithfaoedd oil yr adeg hon yn gwerthu am o X20 y dynell i fynu, ond wedi i bethau gyfnewid daeth y pris i lawr i tua X6 neu X7 y dynell. Prif achos y gostyngiad oedd fod plwm o wledydd eraill yn dod i'r wlad hon am bris hynod o rad. 2. Achos arall tra phwysig oedd gwastraff ar arian y cwmnioedd gan y rheolwyr, y cadbeniaid, a'r bobl hyny sydd yn gwneyd ac yn gosod y peirianau i fynu. Byddai miloedd o'r arian yn cael eu gwario ar y wyneb i osod y machinery i fynu, cyn gwybod dim nac yn wir geisio gwybod, beth oedd i'w gael dan wyneb y ddoear.
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Highest i nquality- Lowe,st in price,, ABERYSTWYTH. GUIDE TO THE TOWN AND LOCALITY. Aberystwyth stands in the centre of the coast of Garaitfiui Bay, at the mouth of the Ystwyth and the Kheidol. It lag been called the Queen of Welsh Wa'erini? Places he Brighton of Wales, the Hiarritz of Wales, and many other names, none of which are more appropriate than its own name, A >erystwytta." it is sheltered by hills trom the north an i t ast winds, and is open to the sen, with warm water from the Galf Stream and health-giving rp<jzes. ftven in winter the heaviest gales are empered by warmth from the Atlantic. THE SEA. To visitors from the large towns and the country tne sea is of course the chief attraction and possibly the sea and the shore at Aberystwyth will compare av rahle with those ot any other watering place. Wtbn not disturbed by storms the water is remark- abl v clear, and frequently the bottom can be seen at a d-ipth ot some yards. The beach is formed ot shinglo and sand, the former predominating. It ivm prises blue stone, which is pleasing to the eye. L'tiere is a gradual slope, so that the water seldom r-eedes a hundred yards from high water mark, whi.:h is very different from what is found in some parts. f the country, where the sea goes out a mile. There are many fine specimens of weeds on the reefs. THE PROMENADES. There are two promenades, the original extending iromttie per northward to Oraiglais, a distunce of half-a-mile, and tormina a beautiful crescent, or ratb-r two crescei tf, whibt the new promenade, only recently opened by the Karl of Powis, runs from the pier southward to the harbour, a distance of another liait-i-mile, with a continuation of the roadway for nearly another half-mileto the harbour breakwater. The extension parses .n front of the beautiful build- iugs ot the Ui.iversitv College of Wales, probably the finest building m W .les, and uronnd the north and 'vest s.des of tbu Castle grounds. The wall at some part* is twenty-eignt feet high. The stones were brougi.t from the Corporation quarry at Ystrad ftlenri^, and were described by the late Alderman Pet iek, Plymouth-whose firm have cotjs racted railwuys and dock?, and recently widened London Bridge—as top finest he t a-i ever seen. The dashing or the waves against the walls, and especially against t'le oastions, and the splashititr of the water over to the promenade, is one of the grandest sight- II agn.aoie. In tr nt of the Marine terrace is a wide flagged promenade, where townspeople and visitors mostly congregate, especially in the evenings, the baud being a great attraction. AS A HEALTH RESORT. For considerably over a hundred years th(1 town has had a bi«h reputation »» a health r sort, and tncit reputation is tully maintained, for far more people have visited the place this summer than in any previous season In the wo ds of Mr T. O. Morgan, barest-r- t- a.v, m his aomirable Guide, long since out of priut "To those who tor health and rei-reati lL seek a summer retreat, where they may sojourn and n.j-o for season the beneficial effects ot sea air a id e, b 11hm, the western coast of our lslau-i se.-ni leculiariy inviting inasmuch as westrrly bretzesa. t s Iter than those trow any ottier quarter, and here (lome oireot lrom the ocean, impregnated witn .those ^alibe and renovating propert,es so salutary o the iiivaht and grateful to the healthy and robust. Toeae inducements have, vloubtless, ga neo with many It preference for the Welsh coast; tin- general aspect of which is open to tne pure and in\ isolating freezes of the broad Ailintic. To no place on our coast, however, has a greater degree ot patron* ge been extende than to the subject of tins nonce Nor can the most cursory tourist fail to admit its claim to public favour, wnen cont mp.ating the position ol the town at the junction of two romantic valleys in the very centre of a c pacious bay, into winch no lar^e rivers discharge themselves to deteriorate the briny quality ot the t: al,1 ucent wafers that lave its peboly shore, and ne-ir which float no noxious vapour-i to con- taminate the purity of its salubrious atmosphere t>ut affording a oeligtitlul combination ot mountain ai. ami octau breeze, whilst the vicinity abounds in suojects historic interest and picturesque beautv." AS WINTER. RESORT. Considerable efforts have been made of recent ears to popularise the town as a winter resort. In order to attain this end it; will be necessary to increase the sociability ot the place. Hitherto nave found lifa in apartments dull, r."d it rests witu house, boarding bous" and hotel fccspeis to increase the social element, which they c.ri easily do. Of course tradesmen and ot tiers can ;o much in toe same direction. THE TOWN. Tbe town is being rapidly modernised and extended, and the accommodation tor visitors has been ooubled in a few y, a, New streets have been with a superior class of houses, and the oid houses are being rapidl replaced by others ol a better class, this being a conoitiou aecomt anying the renewal of the Cor- poration hases. Nearly all the land to the east of Chalybeate stveet and Baker street belongs ro the Cor pOI atlOn, and a revenue of about three thousand pounds a year is now derived from this source. Victor a terrace. Marine terrace, and South Marine terra-Mi lace thec^T,, but comfortable apartments are provided In all p&its '¡f the town. THE CASTLtC. The and grounds have been well described as the town's most va uable asset. The hill pr..jecis into the sea, and commands a beautiful view "t the whole of Cardigan Bay. Th-> new promenade skirts its north and west side-. J)urii,g the winter the promenade on the west siile cannot fail to he a. favorite spot, for it is sheltered from the i(i win,is, and is open nearly alt day to the sun, whilst tin- seats in the retaining walls give addi- tional shelter. The Cast e has been in ruins since 1646, when it was mined and blown up by the Parliamentary forc- s. The original structure was erected by (Gilbert de Stron-/bow, Karl of StrygyH, to whom King Henry r. gave a grunt of all the territories of Cadvvgan ap B ethyn, on the usual condition that he should obtain possession by the sword. It changed hands on several occasions. The present cast e was erected in the reign of Eriwari 1. In 1835 8011,1 1844 the grounds were excavated and wa Is cleared. A year or two ago the Town Council decided to make further excavations, and the remains ef the wall on the east side weri traced, and has nON been rebuilt. The clearing of the. moat on the north side has also been commenced, as well as the moat on the south-west. RAILWAYS. Aberystwyth is reached by the Cambrian Railways fr^m all pans of England through Mid Wales and from North Wale. whilst the M, and M. Naiiway affords direct communication with South Wales and the South and West of England. London can, of course, be reached by both lines. EXCURSIONS. In former years Devil's Bridge was almost the only place of attraction outside the town, but of late years other places have been opened up. Devil's Bridge can now be reached by rail as well as byroad. Corris, with its narrow gauge railway, and coach drves to Talyllyu and Cader Idris, is visited by thousands every season. Llyfnant Valley is a charm- ing spot, and cheap tickets are issu«d there, as well as to Bortb, Aberdovey, Towyn, Barmouth, Dol- gelley, Criceieth, Pwllheli, &c. There are also several coaching tours. On the Manchester and Miltord there are some charming spot", especially in the neighbourhood of Crosswood and towards Ystrad Menrig, and cheap tickets are issued. There is also a b-aiitiful country from Croaswood along the banks ot the Ystwyth, by Llanafan Bridge, up to Pontrbyd- ygroes and Ysbytey Ystwytn, and up the valley past Hafod, Eglwys Newydd Churob, and on to Cwm- ystwyth, and back to Devil's Bridge. Hafod has been described as the Paradise of Wales." It has been said, bnt probably without the slightest foundation, that Handel composed the Hallelujah Chorus at Hafod. Anyhow, not one of the old guide books, nor any author, makes any mention of this. If it were true it wouid have been well known, and would certainly have been men- tioned, Handel is alleged toirave written bi" anions chorus alter hearing people sh'-uting "gogonianf (glory) at Welsh religious service." But what is there in the shoutiug rof gognniant to suggest the "Hallelujah Chorus?" Nothing whatever. No more than there is in the sbontmg- of Hallelujah" by Salvation Army lasses. The drive home through P,onterwyd and Goginan is also pretty in some parts and bleak elsewhere. Cwmrheidol valley is also worth an afternoon drive. DEVIL'S BRIDGE. Descriptiocsof the bridges—there are tbree now, one above the other—and of the falls, and of the beautiful seell- ry around, can bo found iy every guide EXERCISF, IN SEA AIR. Dr Harries, in his Guide to Sea-Bathing, says — Exercise of whatever kind calis the muscles more or less into play, quickens trie circulation of the blood, promotes the action of the liver and so on, but that carried on in the open air on the,shore has the incidental advantage of supplying a purr- air f jr respiration, and it implies a: hange ot scene aud occupation which reacts favourably on the mind. The air is not ouly void of the endless varieties ot impurities which contaminate it in large towns, but is impregnated with saline particles which are most renovating in many diseases. What a contrast. between ) his air and the atmosphere ot large town- We breathe it defply and luxuriously, as though we were quaffing some delicious beverage, and instinctively feel that the soft westerly breeze with which we are favoured conveys health and vigour on its balmy wings. The only way of obtaining those marvellous beneficial changes is by making the beach your headquarters, hastening to it eaily in tne morning, and reluctantly leaving it in the evening. Therefore, you may consider every hour spent within doors as lost; and he who expects to improve his health whilst leading a sedentary life is as great a tool as the man who condemns himself to perpetual silence in order to perfect his voice." l'o comprehend the changes which take place ir. children would be impossible for any one who has net witnessed them. Pur,) air, strong ligobt, and invigorating water—their combined influence is magical. To children, says the French author, M. Le Docteur Brochard, the sea is a beneficial mother who calls all our suffering little ones to parlake of her aid, who lends them her succouring hand, and who always procures them comtort and solace for their pain." Once and for all let me impress upon health seekers the fact that out little good can be expected from sea-side visits, without in evtry way as-istiny the operation of the regenerating remedies which the ocean offers." CONSTITUTION HILL. This hill is to the north of the town, and over it is a walk leading to Clarach valley. The summit has been laid out as a pleasure garden, with a pavilion, bandstand, kiosks, &c. A cliff railway runs upward from the north end of the promenade. PENDINAS. This high hill, to the south of the town, commamds a charming view of the whole of Cirdigan Bay and oi parts of several couuties. On the summit are the remains of an ancient British encampment, and within sight of it are the remains ot half-a-dozen oth. r old encampments. It is said that there are no remains of liritisti encampments to the east of the Plynlimon range, whilst there are several to the west, from which it is inferred that in those days North Carciganshire was attacked from the sea and not nom the land. On the summit of Pendinas is a monument erected in memory of the Duke ot Wellington. LLANBADARN FAWR. This pretty little village, which is the garden of Aberystwyth, is chiefly noted for its fine old church, whicu is cruciform in shape with a massive square tower. I he first church was built in the sixth century, nn ) was the catheoral of a diocese, of which .,tPadaru was the tirst bishop. That edifiou wa, dest oyed by the Saxons, and the diocese ceased to have a separate existence. It is altio said that St Padarn established a College here on a large scale. In tne churchyard are two ancient crosses. The church has b en recently restored. It contains some fine pieces of sculpture in memory of members f the (jogt rddati and Nant Eos families, and a stone in the tloor of the chancel marks the grave of Lewis Morris, oet aot quary and Government official, who resided at Peutiryu, in the little valley below Goainan. Llanbadaru is about a mile to the east of the town. In the centre of the village is a large stone, supposed to have been used by the Druids. WHAT OTBEk PEOPLE SAY OF ABERYSTWYTH. Dr 1'. D Harries, in his Guide to Sea Bathing, say, —This p ace, as a glance at the map will show, is situated on the beautiful Cardigan Bay. It has a westerly aspect, and is favoured by bracing and temperate breezes, which, blowing over the bonnnles; Western Ocean, are exempt from the extremes ot heat and cold, and are impregnated with the very germi of health. The :general appearance of the surrounding scenery reminds one not a little of Matthew Arnold's well known lines— Far, far from hence The Adriatic breaks in a warm bay, Among the green Illyrian hills, and there The sunshine in the happy glens is fair; And by the sea, and in the biakes, The grass is cool, the sea side air Buoyant and fresh, the mountain flowers More virginal and sweet than ours." The temperature is never of that humid, relaxing, and languid character which not only enervates and depresses, but tends to general stomachic derange- ment. Ample experience has shown too that tne chain of hills, which shelter the place from the cola north and east wii ds so trying 11 the invalid, do not, owing to their distance, obstruct or interfere with the free movement of the air. In consequence of these IlPqg raph iCoil and atmospheric features, it is ob-et ved that less ram fails here than in many places and this, with a general absence of frost and snow during the coldest months of the year, renders Aberystwyth increasingly popular as a desirable winter residence as well. The walks in the neighbourhood are numerous and picturesque." The Aberystwyth Guide of 1816-tbe first local guide printed—saya—" The surrounding country is more romantic, and exhibits tar greater natural beauties than any other watering place in England or Wales, however well attended, could yet boast ot. The suburbs adjoining are, by nature, fertile. and exhibit ail the variegated charms of hill and dale, WOO;) and water, whether viewed from the loft) mount or flowery slope, characterising the; delightful prospect, with views alternately ascending, and descending, pre-eminently beautiful," &c. A writer in The Umpire," September 4th, 1904 says In the autumn, when the season at the great majority of watering-places is on the wane, the health resorts on the shores of Cardigan Bay are at their best. In fact, September and October are two of the best months in the year in which to visit them, and they are generally very fine months. The *jr is bracing, yet never chilly. In fact it approximates to that of the famed resorts on the itiviera. And autumn is the month of sunsets—the most glorious it is possible to see in Great Britain. In the centre of the bay, the most magnificent in Britain lies ne ot the most charminer places'I know, A berystwytli. In tact, I might say without much fear of contradictions the most charming, having regard to the wonderful combination of mountain scenery, glorious sea and climate which Aberystwyth ciii lay claim to. The place has been called the Brighton of Wales but that is doing it an injustice, as it is as much superior to Brighton as a racer is to a cab horse. 1 might better be described as the Naples of Britain, only that it is clean where Naples i. dirty, and healthy where Naples is insanitary. But we may well leave titles alone, and be content with having within ea-y reach one of the most desirable places for the searcher after health or pleasure that I—and I speak after an unusually wide experience of holiday haunts and health resorts, both at home and abroad —ever visited." Dr J. A. H. Murray, editor of the Oxford English Dictionary, who has spent his holidays at the quiet seaside resort Borth speaking at Aberystwyth in the summer of 1903, says-" Great mental refresh- ment can be got at Aberystwyth, because Aberyst- wyth has the mountains and the sed,. and those grand features ot nature which, after all. have the greatei-t influence on the mind, and are our greatest educators. "I confess that the beauties of Aberystwyth are exceeding great, and that the beauties of Wales are very great indeed. Wales is so close at hand to England, and Wales has advan- tages which are not to be found in Scotland or tbe English Lake districts, or even in Switzerland. In Scotland and Switzerland you have mountains, and in the Lake districts natural beauty of a high order but Wales has the exceptional advant.ge of a delightful combination of sea and mountain almost within immediate reach, so that if one has a large family some members of it may like to dabble on the sands, while others may like, as I do, to ramble over moor and mountain and it i- in these things that Wales has great advantages over other resorts as a place of health and recreation. Aberystwyth is in many respects a miniature Wales, It has a magnificent sea and a magnificent hill country close at hand, and the facilities for getting about are increasing. We can now get into the glorious district of the Devil's Bridge, and, with comparative ease, go from Aberystwyth to the top of Cader Idris mountain a nd back well within a day." The Cambrian Travellers' Guide," 1813 (P), says —Aberystwyth is a pleasant summer retreat. It is the largest town in the county, and the roads to it have been made equal to the best in England. Many of the new houses are the property of Sir Thomas Bonsall, Hart., Front ra th. The place bids fair to rival the English watering-places. The coast is grand, and the marine prospect particularly fine. The rocks are lofty, nr.d excavated. The bathiog is well conducted, The uamber of sbipa registered in the port is 210, the tonnage 8.120, and the seamen employed 782. The iai-guest vessel is 207 tons, ai'd the smallest 18. There is about 14 feet of water at tb., bai at sprii g tides. A consider- able fishery is carried on Lere. Cod, mackerel herrings, &e., are sent as tar as Shrewsbury ti e rest are salten, and WIth potatops const tuta the principal food of the labouring poor during winter. At the foot 01 the cliffs extend reets oi low rocks, the crfvices aud pools of which are adorned with numerous beautiful corralmes and fnci, ana enlivened by different kinds of shell fish and marine animals. Mr Henry Skrine, in his Tours through Wales, seoond edition, 181ti, says :—"The hea views, com- prehending the Ca-r. arvonsbire hills on the opposite side of the bay, "on tluued very fine as we advanced towards Aberystwyth, and most agreeably beguiled the labours of the r ad, which winding over the rocky bases ot incessant hills, forbad any expeditious I advance. In a narrow vale we crossed the Ystwith by a bridge, profusely decorated with ivy, and ascend- ing a steep rock from its banks, soon came in sight of the greater vale of the iihydol, and the town of Aberystwyth, situated OL a bold eminence overhang- ing the sea close to its mouth. This town, forming a fine project as viewed from a sufficient distance, rather disappointed me when we reached it, the streets being steep and ill paved, whiie the houses, built of the black slatestoue of the country, gave the whole a gloomy and rather direy appearance. It has long been a favourite resort for sea battling to the inhabitants of tne neighbouring counties, and we found it fall of company, who must have been con- tented with very moderate accommodation. The beach is sufficiently convenient, and a pubdc walk, traced wito some taste and ingenuity among the fragments of its castle. A WORD FOK SLOW TRAVELLING. It is high time that people living in Wales at leas should cease to complain of what, they allege— wrongiy, as we hold- to be the disadvantage of slow train's on the Cambrian and the M. & M. railways, whose services are as efficient as those on any rail- ways under similar circums ances in the kingdom, or indeed in the wor d. Wh.t is wauted i, to induce visitors to noticj the country through which they are parsing. Probably of every ten persons who come to the seaside not more than one can give any idea of the country through which they have traveLed. A writer in "The World," describing a trip from Baden to Cologne, says—" The voyage lasts an hour or so longer just now, for the level of the river is lower than it has been for many years, and the captains are compelled to slow down at certain places. But this is a delay of which no one would complain when, as has been the ca-e for Home time past, the weather is fine, for the reduced speed gives one all the more time to admire the beautifu scenery." SEAWEEDS AT ABERYSTWYTH. Professor J. H. Salter, U.C.W., ha* kindly favoured us with the following information The sea-weeds are a group of plants so varied and beautiful in slrocture as to give pleasure to all who attempt to study and collect them. Perhaps the best place to find a good variety is below the College. Here it will easily be seen that they form three classes, according to colour. The green sea-weeds grow upon the seawall and at the top of the beach, the olive-brown ones, represented by the well-known Fucus or Sea-wrack, cover the rocks between tide- marks, while the red ones grow chiefly in deeper water, being adapted to live where only a dim light can reach them. After a storm numbers of them, which have been torn from their attachment, are thrown up upon the bench, and we then have all opportunity of finding some of the rare and delicate kinds. Some are 1,.at-likfJ, some are composed of the finest threads so arranged as to remind one of the structure of a feather. The first to make a list of the seaweeds at Aberystwyth was Mr Thomas Owen Morgan, who was mayor of the town about 1850. In his Guide will be found directions for drying and preserving these fragile but beautiful plants. They should be spread out in water over a sheet of white paper which is then carefully withdrawn, allowing the water to run off while the seaweed remains fully expanded. (TTOWES TEA] "A DAILY TREAT." Brings the sunshine of the East' to your breakfast table. Is a real refresher." Sold in string-tied packets by principal grocers.
DYDD GWENER Y GROGLITH.
DYDD GWENER Y GROGLITH. Gwyl yr luddewon, y Pasg, sy 'n y ddinas. Beth yw y cyffro sy 'n ysgwyd cymdeithas ? lesu yw'r testyn, mawr wyr y Sanhedrym Gydymgyngorant i'w ddifetha 'n hylym Ofnadwy noson, pan aeth Judas allan A'i fin yn fflamio gan fradychus gusan Ymlaen y rhuthra, vmlaen gyda'r fyddin, I ddal yr lesu, ei Geidwad a'i Frenin. Yr hwn a'i air a siaradodd blanedau I'w lie, sydd yn rhwym rhwng newynog arfau, 0 lys i lys. A o flaen awdurdodau Yr Iesu arweiniant drwy fellt eu cableddau, Ei hun yn y frwydyr. Ym ble mae'r disgyblion, Y dall, y byddar, a'r holl wywedigion ? z, Ei hun. Ond mae'n ddigon heb eisiau neb arno, Cyhoedda y barnwyr nid oes beiau ynddo. Er yr holl gamdystion sydd yn ei erbyn Mae'r Iesu yn fud distawrwydd bar ddychryn Er gwaethaf y cyfan. Ymruthrant yn wallgo', Gan floeddio Croeshoelier," rhaid, rhaid eu groeshoelio Pilat yn llwfr, ganiata eu dymuniad, A'r milwyr ar ffrwst yn trefnu'r croeshoeliad. Y Goron o ddrain sy'n dolurio 'i aeliau, A'i ysgwydd ar wyr dan fyd o bechodau. Efe a groeshoelir gan gas gelynion, Ond gweddia drostynt y brwnt ellyllon. Os cas ydyw dyn, lesg natur lewyga, Deigryn yr Iesu yr haul a ddiffodda Gorphenwyd, medd lesu eich prynedigaeth. I brynu eich bywyd, concraf farwolaeth; Iesu yw 'n T'wysog, mae cau ein gorfoledd, Drwy 'i farw y profwn dragwyddol wynfvdedd. Dolybont. JAMES WILLIAMS.
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z IF x WE WILL TELL YOU ALL ABOUT THE I J WORLD¥BESTECYCLE C r225alM OTO RJBC AR H FOR NOTHING Jtt if you will write Dept. P. 13. ,Swwf- CYCLE COVENTQ'Y.
YSTRAD MEURIG.
YSTRAD MEURIG. MAWOLAETH A CHLADDEDIGAETH MRS JANE LEWIS, CWM-MEURIG.—Dyma un eto o ragor- olion daear wedi ei gwysio o fyd y galar i'r gwynfyd, wedi dyfod yn addfed i'r cynhauaf, yn yr oedran teg o 74 mlwydd oed. Yr oed Mrs Lewis er's blynyddau bellach wedi ei chaethiwo i'w chadair, ond ar ol dioddef cystudd byr yn dawel ac yn ddirwgnach, ehedodd ei hysbryd at Dduw foreu Mawrth, y 5ed cyfisol. Dydd Gwener canlynol, daeth tyrfa luosog o bell ac agos i dala y gymwynas olaf i'r ymadawedig, drwy roddi ei chorff i orphwys gerllaw y fynedfa i Eglwys Ystrad Meurig. Gwasanaethwyd yn y ty, yn yr Eglwys, ac; ar lan y bedd, gan y Parchn D W Davi icenin H M Williams, Lledrod J F LL-j w. Llanilar, ac E Jones, Pontrhydfendi- gaid. Y prif alarwyr yn yr orymdaith oeddynt Mr John Lewis (priod), Mr Jas. Lewis (mab), Miss Lewis (merch), y Parch J Jones, M.A., Ystrad Meurig (brawd), y Misses Jones, Bron- rneurig y Parch S A Jones, Ysbytty Ystwyth, ac ereill. Yr oedd y bedd yn orchuddiedig gan bleth-dorchau, ymhlith pa rai canfyddwyd un oddiwrth Mr V S V Jones, Coleg Magdalene, Caergrawnt; Mr a Mrs H Williams, Rhayadr; Mri H S a G 0 Williams; Myfyrwyr Coleg St. loan, Ystrad Meurig, ac eraill. Nos Sul canlynol traddodwyd pregeth angladdol yn Eglwys Ystrad Meurig ar ol yr ymadawedig. Huned mewa hedd. —Glyufryn.
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ff. ?/1 I I j — i. & 4 I t 2/6&3/e 1 f i! SM I -n "H6 SUFFICING OF ANIMALS complete cure effected, by following the H complete cure effected, by following t e t Treatment MI The K.F.A. Bonk, pages, Illustrated, cloth board covers. H i Tvij:j!Lum:m first-aid book I i-ft Mi "V W: H, AT M IT 5th Edition, completing' 320,000 copies, commands the COMMENDA- |& j T! XK.VCTiCAL HOKKESl:-M, ind OWNERS OF ANIMALS generally throughout the World, by virtue B rm-trae.nt it -inttr'ls in c;tsss of Accidents to, and Ailments of HORSES, CATTLE, DOGS and B I, I; StWl11F1n- ()f Its l.ontents: >/< ixS- tiii'voTiatism Sprains ot the Back, Shoulder, Stifle Joint, Hock, Knee, Check Ligament, I t Tend >ns, Fe <•<<. Astern; also Swelled legs, Splints when forming, Sprung Sinews, Spavin, ■ !• )V T. VNCHOS.' R 1'I 'I'IVIE. -IDR WHIC, Sore Back. Sore Throat, Sore Shoulder, Common Cold, Cough, ■ [ iiiro-cti Wocicds, Capped Elhow, Capped Hock, Chilled Loins, Bronchitis, ■ f C.i i i.'i u: i'u: UrN and uf the Lungs, liiilammation of the Lungs and of the Bowels, Care of Bj | VFTLE. offiiuon Oisoases of, with Prescriptions. Pages 155 to 193. 9 QG. Riicin-.atism, S»r«t .s. Cramp, Bruises, Cuts, Wounds, Kennel Lameness, Kennel Dressing I j, ;or Hsu dF, a d other Dogs, \iro iciiitis, Distemper, &c. Pages 99 to 134. ■ j 1 OS, -Rheumatism, Leg Weakness, Roup, Egg-hound, Diseases of the Comb, &c. Pages 137 to 152. ■ TP* VI.) ROOK. «>rice Is., t>ost fro* to all parts of the world (foreign stamps accented). H f it foi; r<-< n r\ Uin': a'fixed to the outside of the back of the wrapper of2s..3s. 6d. bottles of fil ? t The section, 54 pages only, may be had apart from the H j -mp « •'• oook.' of 1W5 P1- 't'i n nloiie (54 Liases! is free and post free— B | ELLIMAN. SON'S and' CO., SLOUGH, ENGLAND. H I E.M. Book, Treatment R.E.P. Book, HOMAH. Treatment I WILL HE SPEAK? IV -7 C Of Oty I E) Miss COLONIES It's all very well to send me flowers, but if he hasn't anything definite to say this time 1J1" A REMARKABLE J I 1 INVENTION FOR THE ill CULTURE | jdijj^SL A9 II ■ # 01 niilR, MraMWHI vl IliBHIVl THE EVANS VACUUM CAP is a practical invention constructed on scientific and hygienic principles by the simple means of which a free and normal circulation is restored throughout the scalp. The minute blood vessels are gently stimulated to activity, thus allowing the food supply which can only be derived from the blood, to be carried to the hair roots, the effects of which are quickly seen in a healthy, vigorous growth of hair. There is no rubbing, and as no drugs or chemicals of whatsoever kind are employed there is nothing to cause irritation. It is only necessary to wear the Cap three or four minutes daily. 60 DAYS' FREE TRIAL! The Company's Guarantee. An EVANS VACUUM CAP will be sent you for sixty days' free trial. If you do not see a gradual development of a new growth of hair, and are not convinced that the Cap will completely restore your hair, you are at liberty to return the Cap with no expense whatever to yourself. It is requested, as an evidence of good faith, that the price of the Cap be deposited with the Chancery Lane Safe Deposit Company of London, the largest financial and business institution of the kind in the world, who will issue a receipt guaranteeing that the money will be returned in full, on demand without qnestions or comment, at any time during the trial period. The eminent Dr I. N. LOVE, in his address to the Medical Board on the subject of Alopsecia loss of hair) stated that if a means could be devised to bring nutrition to the hair follicles (hair roots), without resorting to any irritating process, the problem of hair growth would be solved. Later on, when the EVANS VACUUM CAP was submitted to him for inspection, he remarked that the Cap would fulfil and confirm in practice the observations he had previously made before the Medical Board. Dr. W. MOORE, referring to the invention, says that the principle upon which the Evans Vacuum Cap is founded is absolutely correct and indisputable. An illustrated and descriptive Book of the Evans Vacuum Cap will be sent, post free, on application. THE SECRETARY, EVANS VACUUM CAP Co., LTD., REGENT HOUSE, REGENT STREET, LONDON, W. JOHN MORGAN, PRINTER, Observer Office, Aberystwyth