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WHY THE WORKING CLASSES DON'T…
WHY THE WORKING CLASSES DON'T GO TO CHURCH. On Saturday afternoon a conferencei wa« e Hope-hall Liverpool, under the P1*? reasons why Mayor, (Mr. E. Whitley,) to discuss the rea^ ^y the working classes do not, as a body, 80_ worship, and the best means to induce t. Rev There was a very large attendance, mci clergy- Cannon M'Neile, Rev. Dr. Taylor, and other clergy men of many denominations. were read Letters of apology for non-attendan f from Mr. S. R. Graves, M.P., and the Chester. The latter entered at some lengtn He question, and quoted his experiences m gg and believed that there was a latent Wl in ublic wor- desire on the part of the people to atte P ld piease ship, but he did not believe that any^thi:^ an(j unless the teaching from the pulpit thorough. T0nes, block After a brief address by the Mayor, Mr. • opened and spar maker, and Mr. James Carter, comp causes of the discussion. The latter was of opinion t were two- tne working classes neglecting public wors and the fold First, the pride peculiar to the working jn rejj_ fact that too much of class distinction was k f gious matters. T stated four The Rev. H. Whitworfh, Curate of St..L^eJSellable and reasons which he had heard, two of whicn w tlia-t they two which were not. The untenable ones tjjat there could just as well pray at home, and the secon d set them were so many ungodly people who did not go, that they a bad example. The tenable reasons were—* "r 'onvenient had not time, and that the services were not »» there times and the fourth and most serious one waa, h were no seats for them. He thought that many cnuiones wjiich were appropriated might be opened free fa. vices. At his own church they held nightly s^wes witb the best effects. The services should be mucJ1 quent and much shorter.—(Hear, hear!) men Mr. IJ.'irper said he had asked his why they did not go to public worship, a,nd a minjster he had been twenty-two years in Liverpool, jd had. never entered his house.—(Cheers.) Anothe ma sa d, By ministers introducing ideas of their h JJJi n to the majority of their congregation."— thought there was some truth in that. His !Lal that the neglect arose mainly from habits of indineience,and the couuter influences of drink.—(Cheers.) „y,p„r„ ,H The Rev. Dr. M'Neile, who was received wit that in dealing with this question it appMMdto him that there were two previous ones which first de -their tion—where were the worshippers to c0™i(je,i for tjlprn houses and workshops-and what was PJ°tVjeal denend^d when they did come. He believed that TartlcXriv en the character of the workshops, eL 11 urged employers to see that their and moral men, whose influence over the with work be of the best. He had had some conventionjHh «.work- ing man, who said that the influence of often of the worst character. The ^e»;sCs and there got their wages, were off to the beershops, and there lost their money and their self-respect- good would arise from paying wages earlier in would only lead to the loss of the M'Jfeile) ventured to ask this meeting ^ood wouid not arise from paying wages daily, »° might not have a large sum in his hands y_one (Loud cries of No.") Very weU—he only w it out as a suggestion He had also been told that wo "8 men did not like to go to church because they could no rstand what they heard, and did not like to go to This showed that something of a nature was required, for, to use their own words, ther s too much of the quiet essay going on." They ough ake care that there was something plain and earnes^_ they could understand to be said to the working ^ot be- lieve that the working classes, as ahody> oI prerogative and privilege as not to go .?? b because some of the seats were let, but if more r urches were re- quired, let those gentlemen who desired to e tree churche« j build them. i.ho. „ Mr. Williams, railway porter, believed tnat employers of labour were too often to blame in this mat ■ and too often set a bad example. Then Sunday ran^a^ traffic, and the Crystal Palace, and similar places of ^ay amusement, were a great barrier between the worHmgctMses, and the sanctuary. He considered the abolitien oi tne liquor traffic as the great remedy, but while corporate councillors who were brewers, and railway proprietors got their profits from these Suuday traffics, he feared they wou have a hard fight. Mr. Alexander Jack, cabinet-maker, not deal much with the question, but suggested that ciwwmen might gain influence by acting as arbitrators in r e disputes.— ("Question.") Mr. Brown, merchant, considered this to be particularly a laymen's question. The real ground-work of the question was, that the populations of England had far out-grown the religious provision made for them. They must begin with lower agencies—children must first be educated—and Scrip- ture readers and Bible women must be Drought more into service. He believed that a great deal ol ojame attached to the clergymen themselves. There were brilliant exceptions; but he wished to speak freely as to their conduct as a class. They were set apart for the special office, and had more leisure—("No, no,")—which they might employ in visiting the people at their own homes. One of the chief reasons of the indifference shown by Protestant clergymen to the wel- fare of Protestant communities, was that most of them were married men, who had wives and families, and so much to look after at home that they had not time to look after the working-classes, which they would have if they were single men—(Hisses, and loud cries of "question.")—He was a staunch Protestant, but that was his opinion.—(A Jesuit.) Mr. M'Fall, clerk of works, spoke of his experience amongst bricklayers and labourers. One reason was, that he and his friends never knew the smile of their minister's countenance at their homes.—(Hear.)—His minister went and shook hands with those who were dressed in silks and satins, but never spoke to the poor man or his wife. Mr. Woods, builder, thought that in proportion as many of the working classes as of the classes above them, went to church. The opening of public-houses till late on Saturdays and Sundays were the greatest obstacle in his opinion. The Rev. Dr. Taylor was glad to think that there were many of the working people of Liverpool who did attend public worship; but he thought the principal reason why others did not, was simply that they did not want to. He considered the subject under three heads—the people who don't come—the places to which we desire they should come--and the pastors and preachers who are found in those places when they do come. In his own district both curates and himself visited the poor, and there were those who had resisted all their efforts to get them to attend church. There was an apathy and indifference which was proof against the most affectionate solicitation. Suppose they did eome, they were at least entitled to decent accom- modation other than a distant gallery or a row of forms along the aisle. In proportion to the wants of tne popula- tion their churches should be wholly or partially iree. But free churches would not accomplish what they wanted, unless they had men in the pulpit able to address them in manly, energetic, warm-hearted appeals. This was how their churches must be filled.—(Cheers.) Mr. Edmund Jones, basketmaker, who spoke with marked ability, said that after twenty-lire years' observation, his conclusions were these—that there were three separate and distinct causes-first, the natural depravity of the human heart—and he said this as one who once expressed strong sceptical opinions—and until the human lieart could be reached, the masses would continue to neglect religious instruction. Sceptics were of two classes—sceptics by reading and thinking, who were very few indeed and the other class were those who were ignorant and self-opinionated, who savagely hate everything of godli- ness, and despise order and morality. The next great cause which he found to militate against religion was poverty inherited and poverty begotten—the last im- measurably the larger and more pernicious; and the third and greatest cause—the master cause—was the drinking customs.—(Cheers.) They might build and endow churches, not only with money, but brains, but before they could reach the mass they must sweep from the statute book those laws which licensed men to make and sell these drinks.— (Cheers.) He believed the shortcomings of the clergy was a very poor excuse. He had not found them neglectful in his own case, and it was to their searching out at his own home, and the sympathetic arguments of these noble-minded men that the Gordian knot which had bound him, had been un- tied—(Cheers.) The eleventh hour was too ready an argu- ment in the mouths of those who knew their state but post- poned repentance. No passage of scripture more needed ex- position, for it was on that very passage that nineteen- twentieths of our working classes hung their soul's hopes, while they went on neglecting religion and rePentance.— (Cheers.) Mr. Robert Lowe complained that his clergyman had never visited him during a period of twenty-four years, though he could not say of the clergy as a rule that they did not visit. The Rev. John Thompson, Presbyterian minister, con- sidered that the want of union amongst believers was the great obstacle to many believing men and women who were anxious to join a religions community- He also epoke strongly against the liquor traffic. Mr. Henry Clarke said that in too many cases churches became private places of worship, and clergymen private chaplains. More services and free ones were required, when a man might take his seat where he would. The Roman Catholics had six services before noon, and 8,000 worshippers in one church. One person bad told htm that on entering a church he was twice ordered to leave a seat he had taken. He was so indignant that he had never entered a church again for seven years. Mr. William Radcliffe, sailor and street preacher, said that he was a frequent visitor to the houses of the poor, and he tried to persuade them to sign the pledge. He had found in one street that a father kept a beershop, and his son a bake house, and on Sundays a supply of drink was taken to the bakehouse, so that when people fetched their dinners they could get their drink. What chance had he against that? He strongly urged that they should commence reform with the children, and above all stop the drink traffic, at least on Saturday nights and Sundays. Mr. George Hodge, engineer, direoted his remarks chiefly against the mischief of the liquor traffic. He also said there was not enough sympathy and fellow-feeling in our congre- gations. Silks and satins too often could not see a working man. Mr. Cormack, watch case finisher, also considered their great obstacle to be drink. He suggested that they should shut the public-houses and open the churches every day. lIe did not think he had ever been visited by a clergyman, but he believed them, as a body, to be hard worked. The Rev. N. Loraine rejoiced deeply in this conference, but he did not expect too much from it. As to the reasons why working men did not attend public worship, there were different reasons given by different men. They had heard a strong earneat voice raised against the licensing system, and hec thought they should be prepared to do some- thing to break down the system but in the place of public- houses, care should be taken to provide rational amusement for the people. Mr. David Webster, foreman mechanic, thought there should be more consistencywith the spirit of religion amongst the affairs of life. They found men building and endowing churches with other people money. Religien was fashionable, but they should remember that in the house of God they were on an equal^ footing, and the work- ing man was not there to be told, You must do as I wish you, or I will remember you on the morrow," which was too often the fact. The Rev. R. Lundie contended that there was not much infidelity-the majority knew that they ought to come to worship, but were content to delay. He did not put much faith in more frequent services. If willing to come at all they would contrive to do so now. Mr. Jas. Duncalfe, labourer, regarded the drink traffic as their great obstacle. It was preying on the very vitals of the people and he could not understand why, knowing these things, men in high places, and clergymen, should patronize tuch things as licensed victuallers balls. They could not patronize the devil and God too.—(Hear, hear !) About visiting, he asked if the working men tried to visit the clergy. Mr. Whitehead, Nockmaker, made some pertinent reo marks on the general aspect of the question. He thought the influences young men were exposed to in the workshops were a great stumbling-block, and he thought there was also much room for complaint in the appropriation of seats. Mr. Grindley thought that what they had to do was to close the public-houses, at least on Sundays, care for the young, and provide free sittings for all who could not afford to pay, without any bold distinction of place. Sir. H. Clarke, shoemaker, said that he had not entered a church for twenty-two years, owing to the influence of his own class. As far as his experience went, he ventured to say that 75 per cent of them were, or believed themselves to be, infidels and in his own trade for twenty-two years he had not known a single Scotchman in England who attended a place of worship. lIe attributed this to the neglect of the clergy, and to the anomalies and inconsistencies which attended the practice of religion. The Roman Catholic priests were incessantly visiting their poor. He thought public-houses should be closed on Saturday nights and Sundays. Mr. Maefee urged that what was wanted was attractive preaching and more Christian fellowship. The Christian Church shoúld have a power not III the gaudy ornaments of Ritualism—(clieevs)—but in the warm religious sympathy between class and class. He recommended a shake of the hand, and the interchange of a few kindly words, and the offer of a seat. There should also be more earnestness and Gospel preaching in the pulpit. Mr. Gilbert Tickle accepted the meeting as a proof that they were all deeply in earnest. Mr. Frost thought there should be less pride, and more of the spirit of the apostles amongst the clergy. Mr. Reginald Radcliffe thought that the influences of drink &d üt caste, for there was caste In England, would be found to be the great impediments. They must go amongst [ the poor before they could succeed. Mr. Thomas Roberts, smith, thought that the preaching should be more homely and more within the scope of the working men. Mr. Lochhart said that of the many evils pointed out that evening the greatest prominence had heen given to drink, and he believed that those who had dealt with that question were right. The brewers' interest was strong in the Town Council, and still stronger in the House of Commons. The example lay with the clergy- men, and while the clergymen drank their wine, and gentle- men of position entertained their guests with wine, little could be hoped from their example. He had reason to believe that many absented themselves because of the pew system, and they did not like the grand churches and chapels; nor did ladies and gentlemen do any good to the cause by em- ploying men on Sundays to drive them to Church— (Hear, hear!) Then, as to visitation, they must go out amongst the people and use every inducement to get them to attend, without patronage or condescension, but in all brotherly love. It was then suggested that the conference should be adjourned, but this was stated to be impossible, and the proceedings having lasted six hours were concluded with a vote of thanks to the Mayor, and to the com- mittee who had arranged the meeting.
DISCLOSURES of the CLERKENWELL…
DISCLOSURES of the CLERKENWELL OUTRAGE. On Tuesday morning William Desmond, Timothy Desmond, Jeremiah Allen, Anne Justice, Nicholas English, Patrick Mullany, James O'Keefe, James O'Neill, and Michael Barrett, were brought up at Bow-street police-court, in London, before Sir Thomas Henry, for further examination, upon the charge of wilful murder." The public interest manifested last week to hear the examination of the men has in no way abated—on the contrary it has rather increased, judging from the fact of all the seats on the bench being occupied by persons of distinction, and the body of the court densely crowded by eager listeners. Patrick Mullany was called. He said-I am desirous of being examined as a witness for the Crown. I have been a member of the Fenian Brotherhood, the object of which was to establish a Republic in Ireland, and to overthrow the English rule in that country. I was a head-centre in the Fenian Brotherhood. I was sworn in a centre in March last in the Temperance Hall in Poland-street. I was sworn in by James Kelly (not Colonel Kelly). I was introduced by the prisoner English to some of the American officers. Their names were General Alpure, Colonel Haley, General Bwrke, the one who was convicted in Ireland, Dr. Morrison, and some more; but I can't recollect their names. I think there was a Captain M'Cafferty. English introduced me as the centre, said I was a decent fellow, we shook hands, and then talked about the rising in Ireland. The tailors' strike took place in April, and I did not work till November. In the latter end of November a bag was left at my house. That bag was taken away by the prisoner English. There were some revolvers, a powder flask, and a small box of caps in the bag. I can't say whether that bag was taken away on the day of the explosion, or a day or two before. I remember the meeting in the neighbourhood of Holborn, near Little Queen-street. Barrett was present at that 'meeting, but I am not sure whether William Desmond was there. I believe he was. English was not there. This was something like a week before the explosion. At that meeting we talked about raising money for carrying out the objects we had in view. One man said we must get money, no matter how we got it. Some volunteered to get a pound, some 1Ss., and some 12s., and some 10s. This was to buy powder with. Each man was to buy as much powder the next day as he could get sold to him. We were then to meet at the American Stores to report to the West-end men and the Holborn men how we had got on; but we could not settle there, and English said he could get them a house in Castle Market, off Oxford-street. We all went, but we could not settle there, as it was too crowded, and English then went and got another place in the neighbourhood. We reported to one another how we had got on, and there was one man who had got 251b. of powder. I afterwards attended a meeting on the night before the explosion at William Desmond's house. English and Barrett were there. William Desmond was also present. I saw one man there very pale in the face. There was a hole in both his coats, his waistcoat, and shirt at the shoulder. Barrett was sitting opposite to him. He was drunk. Mr. Giffard: Under what name did you know him ? Wit- ness: Jackson, sir. examination coutinued,—Barrett had his revolver in his hand. It was a breech-loader, and belonged to Bullish. They were discussing the merits of it, ipd aaid it was no 8pod. There were five or six more revolvers in the room at ie time. I also saw a cavalry pistol; it was taken and loaded, and then given to another man. A man had got a barrel, another had got a "tundish," which was to be put at the end of the barrel, and so to carry the light to the powder. It was then asked where we were to get a truck, and a man in the room said a man named Maddox had a truck con- venient. A man was sent out to see if he could get it, and after a short time he came back and said it was all right. I knew where the truck was got from. They arranged to meet the next day at twelve o'clock, at Wm. Desmond's house. That would be on the Thursday. Bnglish or Wm. Desmond asked me to come up, but I said I was too busy, and could not come. Barrett had been up to the House of Detention two days before this to see the locality. Did not go on the Thursday. I saw Barrett and another man on the Thurs- day night. He told me that it had failed, but he would light it to-morrow and drive them to hell. I next saw Jackson on the Friday night after the explosion. His whis- kers were then off, and he had another man's ooat on. I began to chaff him about his whiskers, and he told me he took them off because he had lighted the fuse, and he was fearful of being identified if he kept them on. I asked him who was with him, and he told me. The man who was with him at the time of the explosion was not with him when he was telUng me this. I saw that man in a public-house after- wards, and his ear was bleeding. Barrett said he should go away that night, and that I should hear from him but I did not see him again until last week in this court. Barrett had told me that he and another man came down to this court during the examination of Burke; that he had two loaded revolvers with him that the other man got into the court in the early part and he (Barrett) got in at the latter part of the day, in order to see and to shoot Corydon. Barrett and another man went down the next day to Scotland-yard to see if they could see Corydon there, and remained there all day to shoot him. On a third day Barrett went down by him.elf, as the other man could not go with him. Bnglish told me he had Greek fire on two occasions, the first time being about twelve months ago. I knew a man to be mixing Greek fire in English's house. English showed it to me, and asked me to take some of it home, as he said that I had a good place to keep it under my board. I refused to do this. I knew English to have phosphorus in the house previous to this. The Greek fire was put in black pint beer bottles, with gutta percha caps on them to keep the air away. It was made up like the lump sugar in grocers' shops. There was a great deal of phosphorus in the two cases. I first knew Brown (Burke) in the early part of last summer. He was introduced to me by the name of Winslow. A man named Burnett introduced him to me. He was a friend of English's. I have seen them together. That is the same man who was after- wards in custody at this conrt. At the meeting in Desmond's house English had a revolver in his hand, but it was taken away from him and given to another man in the room. A number of other witnesses were then examined) and ultimately the prisoners were remanded for a week,
CAN A POACHER'S GUN BE SEIZED?
CAN A POACHER'S GUN BE SEIZED? In the Court of exchequer the cause of Duddle tI. nickton" has been heard, and was an appeal from the decision of the Judge of the Derbyshire County Courts. By leave of the learned Judge a case had been stated for the opinion of the Court. An action had been brought by the plaintiff for the value of a gun the defendant, a gamekeeper, had taken from him when the plaintiff and others were out poaching. The facts appear from the following state- ment of the case :— On Sunday, the 26th of May, 1867, the defendant, the ap- pointed gamekeeper of the manor of Sutten-cum-Duckmau- ton, caught the plaintiff and others poaching on the manor, and the gun, the subject of the action, was then and there taken by the defendant from the plaintiff. The plaintiff was apprehended by the defendant and taken before the magis- trates at Chesterfield, charged with night poaching and was remanded. At the hearing the plaintiff was convicted of using a gun to kill game on Sunday and was fined. The question of the right to seize the gun arises upon the construction to be put upon the 13th section of the 1st and 2nd of William IV., cap. 23, by which it is enacted that it may be lawful for any lord of the manor to appoint gamekeepers to preserve or kill the game within the limits of such mano% and "to authorise such gamekeeper or gamekeepers within the said limits to seize and take for the use of such lord or steward, all such dogs, nets, and other engines and instruments for the killing or taking of game as shall be used within the said limits by any person not autho- rised to kill game for want of a game certificate. The Judge gave judgment for the plaintiff on the ground that gun not being an article of less signifi- cation than those specified in the 13th section of the Game Act, and not being ejutdem generis with them, was not included in the general words of other engines and instruments for the killing or taking of game." The learned Judge, in the course of his judgment, said, —The word gun may have been either intentionally or accidentally omitted. If accidentally, I am of opinion that I should not be justified in inserting it if intentionally, it would certainly be very much out of my province to insert it. I cannot help thinking (though this is mere inference on my part) that the word gun was intentionally omitted, and for this reason, that the authorizing a gamekeeper to seize a dog or net does not necessarily involve him and the poacher in a deadly conflict; but the authorizing him to seize a loaded gun (and the probability is that if the man is poaching the gun will be loaded) would involve him in a deadly struggle. Under these circumstances I cannot help thinking that the word was intentionally omitted. I am of opinion that, under the 13th sec., the act of the keeper, Hickton, cannot be justified, and that it was not a legal seizure under that section. The question for the Court is whether gun is or is not so included. The Court stopped Mr. Hannay, and gave judgment in accordance with the opinion expressed by the learned county court judge, and dismissed the appeal.
MR. TRAIN IN CORK.
MR. TRAIN IN CORK. Mr. Train commenced his lectures at Cork, on Mon- day evening, and the walls everywhere announced his "coming." He advertises himself thus:— To all whom it may concern," begins the manifesto; "when, in the course of human events, an American citizen visiting a foreign land on important financial business is in- carcerated in a felon's cell, a decent respect for the opinion of the authorities on his release (without any apology for outrage) impels him to state why he remains a few days in the suspect district. His reasons are: He likes the people he introduced the prepaid passenger and exchange busi- ness into Iceland," to its advantage twelve millions sterling; he is preparing documents in sustainment of his claim against the Government for "one hundred thousand pounds." "Having had the concession for street railways for Cork," he is anxious to see whether Ireland will accept American capital; and he is desirous of proving that the only way he has interfered with the law was to wish well to Ireland and Irishmen, Catholic and Protestant alike." The syllabus of his lecture hardly bears out the large promises made on his behalf by the Corkpapers. Travel; the Royal Road to Knowledge Temper- ance and Father Matthew How to Get Rich the Eye glass Style of Conversation, or the Governor of a Gaol." Even with the last feature added, the pro- gramme is not of an extremely exciting character. But the lecturer, calling upon everybody to turn out to hear the great champion of the Irish race," has a special treat for his lady guests which he means to be particularly Inviting. "Mr. Train is desirous that the ladies of Cork should be present, as he wished to explain why 9,000 Irishmen voted for female suffrage in Kansas t" This dexterous touch of gallant flattery, a local paper imagines, would not fail to make the first lecture a success. Mr. Train gave his first lecture at Cork on Monday night. He had an enormous audience, who appeared by their noisy manifestations to be vastly delighted. The lecture was of a very rambling character, but withal amusing. He remarked, in commencing, that he had sent invitations to the detective police to attend his lecture. He went on to praise Ireland, relerring, of course with disapproval, to Mr. Roebuck's recent speech at Sheffield; and as a proof of Irish greatness he recited a list of distinguished Irishmen. After this he called for groans for Mr. Roebuck's slanders,' and the appeal was very heartily responded to. Mr. Train then spoke of himself. He said that he was born in Boston, which he characterized as one of the meanest places in America. He was sorry for that piece of ill-fortune, and begged to apologize for it. His ancestors, however, were very distinguished people, and one of them had been second cook in the May- flower. All the Americans who had come here, he said—Mr. Everett, Mr. Bancroft, and Mr. Adams- were "bottled up" on getting to London by Lord Russell and M r. Gladstone. Assuming that he should get the jE100,000 he claims as damages from the British Government, he said he would give it all for a single hour to speak for Ireland in the British Parliament. He concluded amid immense cheering, and was after- wards bome in triumph on the shoulders of some of his admirers.
A DEAD BODY IN A LOST LUGGAGE…
A DEAD BODY IN A LOST LUGGAGE A DEAD BODY IN A LOST LUGGAGE OFFICE. A singular discovery has been made amongst the lost luggage at the Shrewsbury Railway Station. Amongst the boxes was one which had been taken out of a train from Hereford in October last, and which was directed to a person in Edinburgh, till called for." As there was no claimant at Shrewsbury, and the box was found in a passenger carriage, it was de- tained, and duly reported to the clearing-house, Lon- don. On Thursday in last week all the lost luggage was examined, and the mysterious box was duly opened. To his intense surprise he found the contents consisted of the body of a full-grown child. The corpse was carefully wrapped up in many folds of newspaper, but there was not a single article of clothing, or anything else that might afford a clue to the identity of the child or its parents. The box ap- peared to have been specially made for the purpose for which it had been used, and so tightly and skilfully was the body packed, that when opened on Thursday, after lying in the office for upwards of three months, it was found to be in a perfect state of preservation. On being exposed to the air, however, it immediately became affected, and rapidly reached a state of decom- position. An inquest was held on Friday night, but no evi- dence leading to identification was forthcoming. The body was, according to the medical evidence, that of a very fine, full-grown child, but when ex- amined it had reached such an advanced stage of decomposition that the doctor was unable to say whether or not death was the result of violence. The box had been too small for the child to be straight in, the former being eighteen inches in length, and the latter nineteen. Round the body were wrapped a copy of the Legal Observer, the Legal Cvrcul-ar, a por- tion of the Worcestershire Herald, date 18th August, 1862, and several numbers of the Welcome Guest. The jury returned an open verdict.
TREMENDOUS GALE IN SCOTLAND.
TREMENDOUS GALE IN SCOTLAND. (From the Seotsman of January 25.) Edinburgh, and indeed a great part of Scotland, was visited yesterday (Friday) by a hurricane that has resulted in melancholy loss of life, in the destruction of much pro- perty, and in a series of aceidents which rarely, if ever, have accompanied a gale of wind in this country. The gale came on suddenly, and almost the only sign that told of the approach of the tempestuous weather was a gradual falling of the barometer during Thursday night and Friday morning. The storm began to grow serious by eleven o'clock yesterday morning by one o'clock it had culminated, and caused the chief of the deplorable aooidents we have to chronicle: by six o'clock it had passed over; and the weather has since been only boisterous and inclement. After noon, hail and rain began to fall in pelting showers. Never, perhaps, were the streets of Edinburgh swept by a more extraordinary gale. The worst experience of it was between the hours of twelve and three. During that time business was almost entirely suspended a great number of the shops were closed altogether; and street traffic could only be conducted with very great danger both to life and property. The fall of chimney cans and other materials from roofs was so constant and dangerous in all parts of the city, that pedestrians were in constant terror of being cruhed to death. Scenes the most extraordinary were witnessed at the south end of the Nerth Bridge, and during tlus whole of the gale a host of persons were clinging te the palisattxg in front of the Tron Church, in order to witness the occurrences. One of the most painful of the events that transpired on the streets was witnessed here early in the afternoon. A hearse, containing a body, was passing along towards the New Town, followed by some half-dozen mourners on foot, when a howling gust of wind threw It bodily over, and the horse was knocked down also. The coffin was removed into one of the neighbouring hOUBe8, where the mourners also got shelter, until the hearse was raised and the funeral procession could proceed. Much sympathy was expressed with the amicted mourners. Numerous cabs were blown over in various parts of the city, and many of them were in consequence greatly damaged. The occurrence that was more than all others disastrous was that which befel the unfortunate inmates of the nousc No. 10, Duke-street, four of whom met witti»'and fearfully sudden death. The hou.e is one of the row lorm- "KSISSoV.ri.»Pf" ".e home ™ much exposed to the storm: mdeed, the wlUd, sweepmg across a large open space, had free course to beat against it in all its fury. A broad, tall chimney-stalk rose from a gable at the top of the six-storey wall with its broad side facing the south. It was the fall of this stalk and gable that caused the melancholy sacrifice of life we have now to record. Six rooms rose one above the other within the breadth of wall spanned by the gable. The two upper of these were part of the premises occupied by Mrs. Scott; the third-storey room was used by Miss Keegan as her bed-room; and the clerk's room was on the ground storey, over a cellar. Shortly after one o'clock the storm rose high and furious, the wind roared louder and beat with greater pressure each moment, the strongest buildings shook, and minor catastrophes were occurring almost everywhere. It was about this hour of the day when, without a moment's warning and with the most direful results, the gable and chimney-stalk over the back part 01 the house fell with a terrific crash upon the roof, breaking through it in one mass, and hurling down with it within the four narrow walls ot the single-room storeys every floor with which it came in contact, until the whole mass, in which six human beings were buried, dropped with ponderous bulk into the cellar, which it choked up to a level with the street floor. An impenetrable cloud of dust rose from the ruins, and it was some moments before the true nature of the catastrophe could be discerned. The first to discover it were Mr. Jokn Keegan and his two servants, all of whom happened by good luck to be in the front and uninjured part of the .house at the time of the accident. Mr. Thomas Keegan was not at home. The tnreeinmates who have escaped were all in different parts of the house when the disaster occurred. Margaret Flounders, one oiino servants, was in an upstairs room in the front of tne nouse, and when she ran downstairs in terror, and in ignorance oi what had really happened, Mr. Keegan, who had been in a front room on the ground floor, appeared in the lobby in a state of equal bewilderment and alarm. Rachael Riddel, the other servant, was in the lower part of the premises, and she made her escape by the front area, and entered the house again by the front door. A search was instantly begun; cries that proceeded from the rubbish indicated the strong nec4lssity for this. From the description already given, it will be clear that six persons were buried in the ruins-two servants, who were in the fourth storey, in Mrs. Scott's kitchen Miss Keegan, who was in her bedroom on the third floer; and the three clerks, who were engaged in their effice duties, on the main landing. Of this number four were killed, and two were most miraculously rescued. Through the singular and happy escape of Mr. Peter Bald, one of the three clerks in Mr. Keegan's service, we are enabled to describe how terribly sudden was the sad fate that befel the other unfortunate occupants of the office. Mr. Tasker sat at a desk apart, in one of the corners of the room farthest away from the door; and Bald and poor Spence occu- pied desks opposite each other. They had heen speaking about the storm in the course of the forenoon. Bald had occasion to leave the office for a short time during the gale, and on his return he told his friends of the state of affairs in Frederick-street, where the footways were strewn with broken chimney-cans and slates. Spence, who had also been out, Baid he had not seen anjgiung extraordinary; but Mr. Tasker seemed to get some^^wt alarmed at the state of the weather. They had not the slightest warning of what was coming upon them; escape, therefore, was impossible. A gust of wind first ef all came rushing down the chimney, and at once extinguished the fire. The sweep of wind roared into the room, driving before it a cloud of soot and smoke, and Tasker, startled, lumped round, exclaiming, Sooa, God, what is that ?" Before a syllable could be uttered in reply, the ruins crashed upon them with a clap like thunder. Of the three men, Balli only escaped, and his good fortune was owing to a very simple circumstance. Against the wall immediately behind him a large bookcase was placed, and in the fall this srticle came down upon his desk, and so held up over him the weight of the rubbish, while he was safely penned up in the space below. Amid such a cloud of dust he had, however, great difficulty in getting breath, and a few minutes elapsed before he was drawn from his perilous position. He cried out for help, and had he not retained consciousness and the power of speech, It is not at all likely that he would have been saved, as he could not for some time be seen. During the few anxious moments he waited he heard a low moan from the poor old clerk, whose twenty years of service on the premises had met with this cruel end. Beyond this nothing was heard to indicate that any of the poor creatures lived longer than the briefest possfble period after their entombment in the ruins. The sharp ruinous crash was followed by a painfully significant silence.
MR. ROEBUCK ON CAPITAL AND…
MR. ROEBUCK ON CAPITAL AND LABOUR. At Sheffield, on Monday evening, Mr. Roebuck addressed an immense audience of working-men in the Temperance-hall, on the subject of CAPITAL AND Labour. The address was givext on the invitation of the Chamber of Industry, a newly-established insti- tution in the town. Some thousands could not gain admittance, and the hon. member was unable for about half an hour to get through the crowd, though escorted by the police. It was said there was a determination to prevent him from entering the hall at all. On account of Mr. Roebuck's well-known opinions re- specting trades' unions, popular feeling is rather strong against him. On rising to address the audience he was, however, received with applause, and very little mani- festation of ill-will. The Mayor presided. The fol- lowing is a summary of the hon. member's address :— It must be distinctly understood that I upon this occasion speak for myself alone, and that nothing I may say is to be supposed to emanate from or to be connected with the Trades' Union Commission. I alane am answerable for the statements I shall express, and for the mode of expression. I am exceedingly anxious that this should be distinctly un. derstood so that no mistake should be made, no misappre- hension exist on the matter therefore, you distinctly under- ii1 t i am about to say I say as member for Sheffield—as John Arthur Roebuck—and not as a member of the trades I nion Commission. (Hear, hear.) I do not appeal as a mere passionless expositor of certain doctrines ot political economy, desirous only to lay before you a plain statement of what I believe to be certain proofs forming part af an important science. Events have occurred in this town whieh have rendered it impossible for us to be calm and uuimpassioned inquirers uninfluenced by any other motive than the love of science. The subject which is the matter of our investigation, deeply interests and deeply moves us all. It is intimately connected with the well-being of many of us it nearly touches the honour of us all, yet, though this be the case, I would still beseech you to keep your minds under the dominion of reason. I shall now proceed to discuss the subjects you have submitted to my eonsideration. Those subjects, as I understand them, are these1. Labour—what are its rights, what are its duties ? 2. Capital—what are its rights, what are its duties ? Labour is that human exertion, mental or bodily, which produces or tends to produce or procure articles which are destined to human use. Both are needed the one without the other IS powerless. One important observation here1 suggests itself. There is a limit set by the nature of things to both sidts of this division. The limit to the downward course of wages is this—the labourer must have sufficient to maintain himself and family aHer that fashion to. which by his habits he is accustomed. If he cannot obtain this he disappears if he is able' he leaves the country 11 not, he starves, and with him disappears production also so that it at once appears that the subject of his wages is of vital importance to society. On the other hand, by the nature of things, a limit is set to the downward course of profits. If the share which the capitalist obtains of the joint produce is not sufficient to reward him for the forbearance which has led liim to save and also to pay lnm for the risk he has run, he ceases to save —there is no further provision for reproduction, and again production ceases. The rate of wages depends upon the number of labourers to be employed and the quantity of capital ready to employ them. Upon this natural law, as it is sometimes called, depends eventually the rate of wafres. Now comes the all-important question—Can anything, ought anything, to be done, either by human prudence or by human law to regulate the proportion oc the reward be- stowed on labour anll capital? Men have ill different ages, and in different countries, adopted different modes. The Chinese at the present day, the Greeks in o den time, limited the number of their people by i;if:uiticiue. This horrible proceeding cannot be suffered, ,,1' even con- templated by any Christian country. In France we are told that the population is kept down, and cotraialy it does not there increase, by the prudence which sngf>esi« late marriages. In England the iavour.te plan Lr limiting the number of labourers to be employed seems to be traded unions, which, in my opinion, is not the least cruel of tho means employed. ("Oh, oh!" and "Hear.") Now, let us see how and why it is that I look upon these combinations in this light. The working man in the battle of life finds himself unprotected and exposed when alone Not only is he weak before the capitalist, but he is weak before Nature herself, and he discovers that by c0mbination wi th his fel. lows he can guard against and ward off many of the evils by which his lot i8 beset. I now arrive at the point wIlen I can make it appear whatT meant when I said trades' unions were the means employed in England to limit the number of labourers to be employed. The cruelty thus perpetrated has not, I think, been sufficiently dwelt upon. One of the means employed to this end is the limitation imposed by various trades upon the number of apprentices to be taken by the master. Let us learn the true character of this proceeding, which I believe I shall be able to show to be cruel, selfish, and grossly unjust. And, first, as to its cruelty. Now, if there is one privilege which you as working-men ought to hold more sacred than another it is the privilege to provide, without let or hindrance, for yourself and your families by your own honest industry. 'The limitation of the field of employment falls at once as an evil upon the working-men. A beneficent Providence has given the man the wide world upon which to employ himself, and industry and talent to provide means of subsistence and enjovment. Man has too often in his cruelty stepped in and for- bidden his fellow-man using this great boon of God. i et us take an individual instance and thus illustrate the force of this position. I will not take a fictitious instance, but I will not mention names. The thing I am about to describe has happened in your midst, anù, perhaps, the person who narrated the facts to me is present. I will endeavour to be as accurate as I can, and I hope not to over-colour the trans- action. The brother aud brother's wife of John Thomas— the name is fictitious, but I use it for convenience—both died, leaving a boy of about ten years of age. John Thomas felt as a good man should feel, and took the helpless orphan to his home and cherished him; but Thomas was not rich, and the only means of providing for the boy and enabling him to get his own bread was to teach him his own trade. Thomas had a sou of his own and ap- prenticed both boy3 to himself; he was sbortly afterwards waited on by the authorities of the union, who said they did not object to him having his son as an apprentice, but that his nephew was not the son of one who was or had been a member of their trade, and that he must at once discharge the boy from his indentures. But the boy," said Thomas, "is the son of my brother, who is dead. The boy's mother is also dead, and it is my duty to protect him, and provide for him the means of getting his bread. I can only do this by teaching him my trade. I have not the means of putting him out elsewhere, and if 1 don't teach him he must grow up in ignorance and idleness, and be a burden to himself and all connected with him." "We can't heip it," said the de- putation; "it is against our rules." "And I," answered Thomas, "can't help that. I will not treat my dead brother's child thus cruelly; I will not desert him." Well, the answer was, "We shall take all the hands out of Mr. So-and-so's shop until you comply with our demand and obey our rules," and they were as good as their word. I have not heard what was the result. Now, consider this case. The first effect proposed was to shut a poor boy out of an honest livelihood. The sufferer was one of themselves, one who had been visited by a terrible calamity, and who, there- fore, should have been dealt with mercifully and tenderly; but the hearts of those who dealt with him were as hard as the nether millstone, and not only were they cruel but they were also pre-eminently selfish. The poor boy was to suffer, but who was to gain? Why, the very men who laid down this cruel rule to lessen their own labour, to increase their own enjoyment, they risked without pity or shame the well- being of the orphan child who had been a fellow working man. I suppose that these men would have shruuk from infanticide, and would have called me a libeller if I said they were guilty of a crime very little, if at all, less black than infant murder. But what was this cold-blooded cruelty but something very like murder? Nature and Nature's God had endowed the child with certain faculties, and the earth .was given as the theatre on which those faculties were to be exercised. The scene in which the vile tragedy was enacted was a great city in a Christian land, among a people who call themselves civilised, by working men who are ever appealing to great principles of liberty and virtue. The whole combination shows that cruelty and hypocrisy are here closely allied. Every safeguard which the law can devise should be thrown around benefit societies, and every means be taken to protect trades' unions against fraud and ignorance. The most important legal provision that is needed is to render clear and to enforce the law of conspiracy. My beiief is that the law as it exists is sum. ciently stringent, and that as it now stands there are few strikes so conducted as not to bring those who originate an« conduct them within the meshes of the wide-prevailing law of conspiracy. I suspect also that there are few lock-outll that are not within the same danger. What the courts of law may determine—what the Legislature will, as regards an alteration of the law, decide-remains to be seen. But I can't hide from myself that recent disclosures have deeply affected the public mind, and there is much of terror in men's minds, and that common prudence would dictate to all persons connected with trades unions a very guarded andcantiens behaviour. Depend upon it he is not your friend who would incite them to a renewal of violence. The best thing you can do is in all things to obey the law, to be gentle and forbearing—in short, to be honest. (Loud cheers. The meeting listened to the hon. member with, on the whole, patient attention, but the lecture so ab- ruptly concluding without dwelling upon the sins of capital, the audience abandoned themselves for a time to a sort of jury. The subsequent speakers were im- patiently heard, and one of them was refused a hear- ing. A vote of thanks to Mr. Roebuck for his address and undaunted advocacy of the commercial interests of the country was defeated by a large majority. In seconding a vote of thanks to the Mayor for pre- siding, Mr. Roebuck said :— You have come to hear a discussion which deeply interests working men. You have come to hear one express his opinions about it who has no interest in the matter but the good of his country. I am not a master manufacturer I am not an artisan; but I have been for many years before my countrymen. I have studied deeply all that concerns the good government of my country (hear, hear;, and when asked to state my opinions I boldly stated them, careless of the result. (Cheers.) It has been my fate, Sir, often to be opposed to what is called public opinion, but in tlie long poll- tical life that I have led I have found my countrymen coming round to my opinions, and never receding from them. ("Oh, oh!" and interruption.) Aye, aye' (Further inter- ruption.) Now, don't interrupt. I am not going to trouble you long. It is not my habit to make long-winded speeches, but I say to you that I, deeply considering this matter, and having solely the interests of my country at heart, have told you to-night what I believe to be the truth and I ask you all, yea, one and all, when you go home, and to-morrow read what I have said, to prove your own minds, to ask yourselves this question,—" Is he right, or is he wrong f (Hear, hear.) Can he be wrong? Can he be right? And might not I have been wrong in hooting him the night before r" (Cheers.) On leaving the hall Mr. Roebuck wa.s followed by a larg-e crowd, who hooted him.
The CAREER of" GENERAL " CLUSERET.
The CAREER of" GENERAL CLUSERET. The Irishman of Saturday publishes a letter from "General" Cluseret, who, it will perhaps be recollected by our readers, was sworn to by Massey as the intended chief commander of all the Irish insurgents in the March rebel- lion of 1867. Cluseret joined the army of France with the grade of sub-lieutenant from the Military School of St. Cyr (according to the French correspondent of the same journal), and left it captain after seventeen years of service, during which he received three wounds. Alter the last expedition to Kabylia he was nominated to the distinction of Officer of the Legion of Honour. In the Italian service he gained the rank of major, and was made lieutenant-coionel at the siege of Capua. In America, where he joined as colonel, he was named general in 1862, after the battle of Cross Keys, and only one other foreigner, Sigel, who covered the retreat from the first Bull's Run, attained the same grade. General Cluseret also, it appears, edited a Radical paper in America called the New Nation, remarkable for its able military criticisms. In introducing his letter to its readers as a copy from the Courrier Francais, the conductors of the Irishman" do not identify themselves with any opinions expressed by the writer," but print the article as chroniclers of public events and opinions," believing they" would be wanting in their duty to the public if they withheld it." Cluseret in the letter thus printed says he is not a Fenian, but has sympathies with them, and knew Stephens, Burke, McCafferty, Kelly, and many others. Some of these, like Burke, are (he states) of the true Roman mould." He declares that whether Fenianism was originated by Stephens or continued by Burke or Kelly, it has established itself in Ireland—" A country heretofore a stranger to any sentiment except faith and clerical rule." The programme of actual Fenianism is, says the letter, groundfdon three principal points—"First, complete eman- cipation of Ireland from English power. Second, free Church and free State denomination. Third, republican form of government." Even," he adds, "it the Fenian movement had accomplished nothing but the lessening of the politioal influence of the Catholic clergy, it would deserve credit from liberal minds."
THE MARKETS.
THE MARKETS. MARK-LANE, MONDAT. The arrivals of English wheat fresh up to our market to-day, coastwise and by land carriage, were very moderate and mostly in poor condition. The few fine samples on offer were in fair request, and in some few instances prices were Is. per qr. higher than on Monday last. Low and damp qualities were a slow inquiry, at previous currencies. The show of foreign wheafr-was good, and a fair average business was doing in most kinds, at slightly improved rates. Float- ing cargoes of grain 'jere in improved request, at very full prices. The supply of both English and foreign barley waa limited. The trade ruled firm, and malting qualities were rather dearer. Malt moved off slowly, but at full currencies. The supply was seasonably good. Owing to the falling off in the imports, oats were 6d. per quarter higher than on Monday last. The demand, however, was by no means active, The sale for beans was steady, at fully late rates, reas commanded full quotations, with a fair inquiry. Flour was in improved request, and prices had an upward tendency. Seeds and cakes moved off slowly, at last week's quotations. METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET, MONDAY. There was a very poor show of foreign stock on sale here to-day. The demand, however, was very inactive, at about stationary prices. About an average supply of beasts was received fresh up this morning from our own grazing dis- tricts, as well as from Scotland and the quality of mest breeds was prime. On the whole the demand ruled steady, at last Monday's currency. The best Scots and crosses real- ised 5s. per 81b. From Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cam- bridgeshire we received about 1,500 Scots and crosses from other parts of England, 720 various breeds from Scotland, 392 Scots ond crosses; and from Ireland, 255 oxen, cows, Jse. The show of sheep was again very moderate, but the various breeds came to hand in good condition. The trade was slow; nevertheless last week's currency was well supported. The prtmest Downs and half-breds were disposed of at 5s. per 81b. There was a fair number of lambs in the pens. The prices asked for them were 35s. to 36s. per head. Prime small calves were very scarce, and in request, at full prices. Inferior calves were inactive. The quotations ranged from 4s. 4d. to 6s. 6d. per lIb. The sale for pigs was somewhat heavy, on former terms, namely, from 3s. 4d. to 4s. 2d. per 81b. HOPS. Limited supplies of hops have been on sale. The trade, on the whole, hasruled steady, and the quotations have been supported. On the Continent the demand has become rather slack, at drooping Prices Last peek's import consisted o 387 bales from Dunkirk 46 from Ostein!, 106 from Antwern 100 from Calais, 1/9 from Hamburgh, 24 from Boulogne' J from Rotterdam, and 504 from Bremen Mid and East Kents, 6t. 16s. to lOt. 06. "eald of "K.entll, 6t. Os. to 7t. 7s. Sussex, OS. to 61. 15s.; Farnhams, SI. 0s. to lOi. Os. fSrtSt W.SS teSl^^peAwt115' 3* 153 t0 16S- POTATOES. These markets are well supplied with potatoes, In most descriptions a fair business has been concluded, at about previous quotations. The impoits into London last week consisted ot 40 sacks from Boulogne, 100 tons irom Caen, 425 baskets 200 tons and 860 sacks from Dunkirk, and 120 tons from Rouen. Regents, 120s. to 170s. Flukes, 130s. to 1703. Rocks, 105s to 130s French, 90s. to 100s. per ton. WOOL. We have little or no improvement to notice in the demand for colonial wool. Sales in all descriptions have progressed slowly, at HlJùut previous quot,1.tions. The arrivals up to date for the February-March sales amount to 28,327 uales- viz., 18,749 from the Cape, 3,920 from New South Wales and Queensland, 2,988 from Victoria, 2,187 from South Australia, and 483 from New Zealand. In English wool next to nothing has been doing, 01\ former terms. Last week's imports con- sisted of 1,072 bales from Melbourne and 54G from the Cape. TALLOW. The market is rather firmer. P.Y.C. on the spot is quoted at .3,. 3d. Town tallow, 41s. 3d. nett cash.
PASSING EVENTS, RUMOURS, &C.
PASSING EVENTS, RUMOURS, &C. ■iftS'lSKSSaEE v Govmfments of Great Britainand1 the United States. Lord Stanley having refused to arbitration the legah.y or expe- diencyof the recognition of the .Southern States as belli- gerents by her Majesty s Government, and Mr. Seward insisting that that question should also be taken into con- sideration by the proposed tribunal, the correspondence is closed. American papers inform us that the Indian Peace Com- missioners, who have succeeded in pacificating the Indian tribes of the western border, have made a lengthy report to Congress, concerning the whole Indian question, in which they state that the Indians have suffered great wrongs at the hands of the Government and its white citizens and recom- mend that the tribes east of the Rocky Mountains be gathered into reservations, aside from the main routes of travel, placed under efficient protection and control, taught the industries of peace, brought under civilised influences, -aided in the transition from nomadic to productive pur- suits, and otherwise assisted and directed. This course the Commissioners think will secure a lasting peace between the whites and the Indians. The agitation throughout the United States for the pr< £ tection of the rights of American naturalized clt,ze°?e tjiat abroad grows apace, and tlie demand among the peop. jg those rights shall rest upon some well-understoo om. almost universal. Both American parties a*Srines upon mitted to this, and it is one ol the very few do igg0 The which they have agreed in sentiment sin ue, an,i the popular meetings to advocate the doctrine c ent (-0 run so leadiDg men of the country, findmg.tt nd declaring their Btronaly, are all taking advantage ot i se3- sentiments to coincide with those of tne Tti t „ magistrate at Bow-street was pnra f °n J- Y. investigating a most remarkable chMge of consSrac'yt^) Mn moSey under false pretences. The accusedwe £ >t wo Germans, named\ ictor and Ford on, ami ft wmild^rmear that Victor went to the Prussian Em- bassy and offered for a certain sum to reveal the particulars of a plot to assassinate the King of Prussia. t he person who was to do this atrocious deed was a Hanoverian soldier, named Wilhelm Emerick, and Victor took some cne from the embassy and pointed out the residence of Baron Blome, the late Hanoverian ambassador, as the place where the plot was hatched. The very idea of such an infamous plot was repudiated on the part of M. Blome and other Hano- verian gentlemen with the utmost indignation. The evi- dence against Fordon was insufficient to establish his com- plicity, and he was discharged. Victor was committed for trial. The magistrates of Limerick, fined a sub-constable £4 on Friday last for making a false arrest of a respectable farmer, on the pretence that he was a suspicious character. The sub-inspector in charge of the police party pressed the prosecution, feeling it his duty to punish the man who had acted so improperly. It is the only instance of any alleged misconduct on the part of the constabulary during all the period that extraordinary powers have been intrusted to them, and great temptations offered to indulge personal feelings if they entertained them. An interesting gathering of Australian colonists now in England took place in London on Saturday last to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the first British settlement in Aus- tralasia, Sir W. Denison, K. C, B., in the chair. The principal speakers were the chairman, the Duke of Buckingham, Mr. Corry, M P., Sir C. Nicholson, &c. The increase of the wealth and population of this important part of the British empire its loyalty, as just displayed by its enthusiastic re- ception of Prince Alfred; and the noble way in which it always rallied round the old country when any appeal was made to it, like the Patriotic Fund to which Australia and New Zealand contributed .£170,000, were the principal topics of the eloquence of the speakers. The Secretary at War presided recently at the annual dinner of the Droitwich Benefit Building Society, and re- marked, with regard to the outrages tbat had been com- mitted by trades unionists, that to his mind if anything could equal the wickedness of those outrages it was their folly. It was an attempt bJ tyranny, violence, and persecu- tion to lay down that no man should be at liberty to earn a higher rate of wages than his neighbour. He considered that such an attempt to bring down the industrious and idle, the. clever and stupid, to one deadenini leva, was an attempt in direct opposition to one of tte most obvious laws of human nature, and that it must signally fail. Mr Young, of the Livingstone Search Expedition, enter- tained a large audience at the meeting of the Geographical Society in London on Monday night with his report of the results of his journev, and an interesting address by which the written report was supplemented. what he said seemed to bring his hearers to the conclusion of sir Roderick Murchison (which he expressed in a letter, being unable to be nresent through indisposition) and his own, that; the great traveller is still alive. Mr Young, in conclusion, said he trusted that the doctor would turn up in a few weeks more to set at rest all doubt. Sir Samuel Baker is still unsatisfied, though more hopeful than he was. He thought that, as Livingstone had been seen with only nine followers, it was almost impossible that he could gee to Alexandria. He hoped, however, almost against hope, that they would hear ot nis return to Zanzibar. They had heard much of Dr. Livingstone, but unfortunately they had heard nothing from him, Let them, therefore, not sutfer their spirits to grow too buoyant. For himself, last year he confessed that he had no hope of Livingstone's safety, but he had soane hope now, because it had been proved that Moosa and the Johanna men did tell lies.
TRIAL OF SIR GIDEON CULLING…
TRIAL OF SIR GIDEON CULLING EARDLEY FOR BIGAMY. At the Central Criminal Court in London, on W on- day, Sir Gideon Culling Eardley, Bart., thirty-one, was placed at the bar, to take his trial for feloniously intermarrying with Mary Elizabeth Allen, at the dis- trict Church of St. George's, Hanover-square, London, his wife, Emily Florence Magee, to whom he had been previously married at New York, in the United States of America, being alive. Mr. Giffard, Q.C., in opening the case to the jury, said in the summer and autumn 01 1859 the prisoner, then Mr. Eardley. was travelling in Canada and America, and while in New York he met in society a Miss Magee, daughter of a large cotton broker. After a short acquaintance he proposed marriage, and the proposal was accepted by the young lady, subject to the approval of her father, who was then in England, in which event it was arranged that the marriage should be solemnized towards the end of 1859. In the mean- time Mr. Eardley visited England, and returned to New York in December of that year. He was then introduced to Mr. Magee, the lady's father, and with his sanction and that of all her friends the marriage was solemnized in the usual way. There were a large number of persons present, including many ladies, friends of the bride, and some gentle- men who had been travelling with the prisoner in AmerIca. fle then came to England with his bride, and it afwrwarus transpired that he had not previously acquainted Jus xawiei, Sir Culling Eardley, who was then living, with to contract marriage. But it was due to the memory of the late baronet to say that on the ™ar^get" hls | knowledge he made arrangements fo he comfort of. 1 the newly-married pair, and with th £ t view made a hand- some settlement, which _^as> 111 existence. In 1863, however, Mr. Eardley s conduct had become such as to render it impossible for his wife to live any longer with him. lie (Mr. Uirfard) was warranted in saying on the part ot Lady Earaiey that the separation was not due to any fault of hers, and that, on the contrary, in July, 1865, the prisoner wrote a letter to her, acknowledging that it arose entirely in consequence of his own misconduct, and entreating her to be reconciled to him. But her friends, she having secured the sympathy of all the members of his family as well as of her own, thought it was impossible flor them to hve together again under the circumstances, and they continued to live apart. Nothing more would probably have been heard of the matter, so far as his wife was con- cerned, but the prisoner having contracted a second marriage with a Miss Allen the circumstances were altered. The publication of that second marriage was against the prisoner's will, and Lady Eardley and her father having heard that he was repudiating the first marriage in New York this proceeding was instituted. During the whole of the time he lived with his first wife it was never suggested that her marriage was invalid, but, in spite of that he had instructed his counsel to say on the last occa- sion'on which the case was before the Court that there were circumstances connected with it rendering it illegal. To negative that assertion the most conclusive evidence would be laid before the jury. In the I nited States the facilities for marriage were very great, but it ^°nld be deplorable, having regard to the number of ^enwhovlsited America in these times, if a marriage contracted »nch circumstance* of publicity as this should be set aside alter an interval of eight years. Mr. Giffard, he we-ver, cnot, believe that any civilised commuiiity would ffend against the morals and decorum of society m a manner such at was suggested by the defence. He should prorottw simple facts, and in the event of the absence of any sat M c tory ansn er the jury wouUl have to say whether the prisoner had committed the offence of bigamy. Mr. James Magee was first called. He said,—I reside at 4 Lancaster-street, Hyde Park. In 1859 I was part of the time in England, and part of it in New YOlk. My daughter lived with me in New York, after I returned from England. In December, 1859, I first became ac- quainted with the prisoner. He paid his addresses to my daughter, and on the 12th of December, 1859, my daughter was married to him in Calvary Church, New York, by the Rev. Dr. Hawks. I was present and heard the ceremony, and they signed the register. Dr. Hawks handed me a cer- tificate of the marriage, and said it would be as good in England as anywhere else. I saw both the prisoner and my daughter sign the register. After the ceremony they lived together as husband and wife. She is still alive. Cross-examined by Mr. M. Williams: I cannot say how long they were acquainted before the marriage. When I started for England in June or July I knew nothing of Mr. Eardley I returned to America in October, 1859, and I heard of the engagement from my daughter the day I left Liver- Wgjy York. Something was said to me, but not FhfJL tn keeping the matter a secret, as Mr. Eardley was ZrS ti, » fn America That was when I returned to New York Ind Mr Eardley was not then in America. I am quite aure I saw the register signed. Many other persons SET S L'Z S&- «'ht0h''Str,S?e.°o^r goodin England! That wm a^oluntary ^skTd'hi^ Dr. Hawks? without any question having been asked him. Since the separation my daughter has lived wit Re-examined b, Mr. Giffard, Q.C. The ™™?n0 *er £ ns never kept secret after its celebration. About 100 persons were present. Dr. Rawks is a popular preacher and. cele- brated divine. At this stage the subjoined letter, written by the prisoner to Lady a^dley, was put in by the counsel for the prosecu- tion and read y .Avory, the clerk of arraigns j, irnnw wheth^-C^vUle"Btreet> W., July 29, 1865. «i hardly k Pettiirrew^1 wi" receive my letter, but as our friend D „ llas tol*f communicated with you I venture to write. ,u> andi^1 I am mo t -anxious to be re-united Wit J tp^Y1.0 to ask it of vou. Florence! I have wr0V^vd have b £ ii!y" 1 have wroneed to°Uyou^urnrif"rAmlCyet 1 ^^rhtr^tur^hati jrtS'hav^n^e/c^J^wi^you me? I compesedletter T w nonr outc.y own feeiinyou Wife, if you otn^k^S remorse lV^*°wn through since we parted at the London-bridge, you wouU at any rate pity meP oh by the mem°ry let'm?* ClUeaRe0Drgoac^t- **°nardX and Liverpoo1, leitm«* be as r •yas. Reproach me if you will mistrust me-) °u y°ur rif^ wife As'a child I come Lead to be wouhv ofyou' m1eed 1 ll've rtvA to increase v;B left of nw ;n you- 1 shall work h ird i as far r can. I believe ?v>ent fortune to ni:lke UP. aloof as I we tbat I a ,though my relations will stand t „ o-ood iiame f. y°UriS enough and have enough m ah;,ned of be:n,y;nirsa';f> >-y i*yH;lf, tha*you may not f'aud not send mV yfWifc ,V)l1 >' "a sr sv-'cr me yo«T- ae me- Think over it your lawyers V Don't, I pray, receive i"0 again, writVw you cannot love me enough to t<-„P your handwriting me yourself to say so but let tne My own, own wife, our undeserving husband, „ tfoseley deposed that ,EAKbLF;Y C- Eardley." ^iS59, anc* was present at th Was 'n New York Decem- 4 minted with Miss Magee and ^aTriaRe. and that he was a el1'. that a very considerable ^er fatber before the mar- fi» £ and heard the parties aJ2un',)er of persons were pr0t 8nd wife. He could not, hoL?, take each other for pi^nt when the register was sign0(j Ver> remember being Prfif Robert De Tracey Gould, exani, t. 1 am a member of the American i? by Mr. Giffard, <3 jotne years at New York. I have beardedaiul practised manner in which the m.irriaae was J evidence as iSat. according to the law of New York, wSranized- and erfect^y valid marriage. Even if there had h render ic a Fration, the vaUdity of the marriage wouitV 110 regis- iflected in the slightest degree—registration ^bave been ntional. = S purely Meing cross-examined the witness said: The law .■ in U.le various States differs. The publication „f the*b ,f. Ke>v York is not necessary, nor i3 the swns i^^e&aes Hre uunecf ssary, and tlie p iviuneed t ue a ehurch. It is a long estabaehed custom *hftt » Hp Bll?uld be performed by_a clergyman of B()n^ or by a niagistiiive. lliere is Jlo tfte tbat a marriage must be by a clergymau. £ Witnesses is sufflcient-it may be by a clergy. 0I' abaence ol a clergyman, before witnesses, it —t rr^rrrT^the Scotch has been held iu New York that a mamag h;W! taken form is valid, but I don't think such a only statute place, or been sustained, for many yea t faiths pro- referrira- to the mairiage of persoij clergyitian of vi-les that a maniage by a rpgjstel. if they any denominatiou, sl1nll entJt!e thetyarnes ;lidi1y of such a choose; but there is nothug r tholio can be married by a marriage. A Protestant and ^gigtrate they need not clergyman of either faitn, vi j bs vnarried by both. Hawks well. He is a nian of Re-examined I know 185() was the rector of some celebrity, and m DecemDer, Calvary Church. bannister registrar of marriages for Mr. William Henry Banniste r produced the the district of St. a^r^Vi8Ce rthe l2th of September register of the second mar Eardley Gideon Cul- last between the pnsone of age> bachelor, of 40, ling Eardley baronet rfi E]izabeth Alleri) 21> Clarges-street, Piccad y'and residing at 168, Cambridge- described as a spinsi Both parties signed the register in street, Soutll^eMa ss'eg and in his (witness's) presence, the presence <is gtretton, of 3, Gray's-inn-square, soli- Mr. JoseP" deed of separation made between the citor, produ la(]y Eardley on the 2nd of October, 18G3, defenuan *wag an attesting witness, and in which Lady was described as the defendant's wife. He also pro- duced a deed, dated the 14th of July, I860, to which the defendant was a party, and by which the late Sir Culling Eardley settled £ 500 a year on the defendant's wife (now Lady Kardley) III the names of trustees payable in certain events, one of which was if the defendant became bankrupt. In cross-examination he said defendant had since become a bankrupt. Mr. Magee was recalled at the instance of the counsel for the defence, and said he was the prosecutor, and he flrist saw the announcement of the second marriage in The Times newspaper. This was the case for the prosecution. Mr. Montagu Williams then addressed the jury for the defence, premising that he was not about to call witnesses. It was distressing, he said, to see a gentleman of good family, and inheriting a noble name, occupying the position of the prisoner, but if any person had been wronged in the matter it was not the first wife, but the second. Although he had no direct evidence on the point, it was a question for the jury to consider whether or no at the time the second mar- Iriage was contracted the defendant believed the first in- valid, That he was under the impression that it was in- valid was to be inferred from the letter he wrote to Lady Eardley, in which, desiring to be reconciled, they would remember he used the term "re-united." The defendant was heir to a very large fortune, and, as a matter of course, was a desirable son-in-law. The marriage was hastily struck up. and a ceremony of some kind was observed on the oc- casion at New York, the parties to which believed at the time that it was a valid one. One could not help being struck with the testimony of Mr. Gould as to the state of the marriage law in the United States, for, according to that gentleman, two parties out walking might contract a mar- riage, no banns, no witnesses, and no signing a register being neceRsary. The Recorder, interposing, said that was a state of the law much nearer home than America. (A laugh.) Mr Williams: No doubt; still it was a strange state of things In this case one of the parties to the marriage was a Protestant and the other a Catholic They could not agree, and a separation took place, but the defendant after- wards desired to be "reunited" to Lady Eardley, that being the expression he used in the overtures lie made to her with that view. The defendant had been advised, ho wever badly, that the marriage was not legal, a,nd he (Mr Williams) sub- mitted that there must be proof of a knowledge on the part of the defendant at the time he contracted the second mar- believed the New York marriage was illegal, he would have been a maniac to have announced the second m a news- PThe Recorder, in his summing upclear th^t in December, 1859, the prisoner was married in America, and that by the American law that was a perfectly legal marriage. It was also p' that he not know second marriage. but of that there was not a the first marriage was 1 g: 'j.rary the prisoner had again tittle of evidence. On tlI showing that he thought and again performed ^ari tbe deed of separation to the marriage was a legal on cribeft ag his wife, and it which be was a party she en between them. Again, was recited that differences had aris thoge differences had m the letter to his wife hestatedtli n).gconduct_ The only been entirely occasioned iy & r00f that the prisoner con- thing that had :1 £ re illegal was the announce- sidered the Isew Wk ^'age^ n^rriage But( in the ment in The limes of th jie caused that announce- first place, there was no proof tnai> nert!fm wv,0 rv,iffht ment to be made, and there was another P™whomiglit have had an especial^'nterest^n^ insertion^such sugcaestetoStheeljury a single circumstance showing that thf prisoner did Zt know his It would be a dangerous thing to ^oulh a second mar not doing a criminal act in going tlirouaU a second mar- riage while his lawful wife was still:alliv<s. Th<?re wais.no evidence that the prisoner had the slightest doubt about tlie lawtulness of his first marriage, and he (the Recorder) could suggest nothing to the jury by which they could arrive at anV other conclusion than that he was guilty. The jury, without leaving the box returned a verdict of Guilty. The Recorder said he ought to be made acquainted with some more circumstances in this case. He asked if the second wife was present. Mr. Montasu Williams replied in the negative. Mr Giffard said she was present at the last sessions when the trial was postponed, but she had suddenly disappeared from her lodgings. Mr. Williams said he was most anxious that she should have been present. The Recorder asked if there was anything to show that the second wife had money %rwlSiI,S SSTthat there was no evidence of that. Shs was a lady who was acting at Drury-lane theatre. Mr Giffard said as to there being no money by the second wife his information was very different. The Recorder, addressing the prisoner, said—*ou^have been convicted on perfectly clear evidence of the offence of bigamy, and have subjected yourself to a very severe punish- ment. The circumstances which attended your second marriage have not been laid before the court, and we are not in a position to judge what may have been the extent of criminality committed by you in going through the form of marriage with a person to whom you presented yourself as a lawful husband. Supposing circumstances had been laid before us aggravating the case, and showing there had been further criminality than that disclosed by that evidence, it would have been the duty of the court to pass upon you the severest punishment which the law would sanction. In the absence of those circumstances, we can act only on the evidence before us which goes to show that you, beimr a person of position and education, must have known perfectly well the nature of the act you were committing, irnd the amount of injury you were likely to infill, upon others. For the offence of which you have been convicted the sentence of the court is that you be imprisoned and kept to hard labour for 18 calendar months.
THE ILLEGALITY OF LOTTERIES.
THE ILLEGALITY OF LOTTERIES. A case of importance, as affecting persons engaged in originating lotteries, was decided by the county magistrates at Canterbury on Saturday. The following is an outline of the case The Rev. Henry Geary, incumbent of Christchurch Heme Bay, was summoned by direction of the CHIEF of Kent county constabulary, for that he did. on 6th of January last, at Herne Bay, m the parishl O Heme, publicly keep a certain place there TO exercise and keep open, to be drawn by numbers, a certain illegal lottery not authorised by parliament, to wit, a lottery for divers prizes of goods. The evidence adduced by several witnesses on behalf of the prosecution went to show that a bazaar for the «le of fancy articles was recently held at Herne Bay, in order to obtain funds to assist m the cost of en- larging Christchurch. A number of articles remained undisposed of, and these the rev. defendant announced would be got rid of by means of a^pubhc lottery, which too* place in the school-room attached to the church. The fee for a single chance in the ^inS™2s.bd and persons who paid that sum dr tv,Pm t by a lad in the building, a ticket entitling them to a cJrtain article. Seme articles were of greater value than others, none being of less value than the amount paid, and there were no blanks. Mr Geary did not dispute the facts of the case but urged that the course adopted by.him^s m every respect similar to proceedings earned on almost daily throughout the country, and he had no idea that he was infringing the law. The bench, through their clerk, said this might be bo, but if proceedings at law were taken in ca#es, the parties concerned would be equally liable to con^ viction. The defendant was then convicted, and directed to come up for judgment if called upon, and mulct in costs, amounting to £1 4s. 6d. It transpired that the magistrates had no power to levy a penalty under the terms of the statute, passed in the rei<?n of Geo. III., the punishment for the of- fence being three months' imprisonment, or the exac- tion of a tine of £500, recoverable by the intervention of the Attorney-General.
TWO "SAINTS" COMMITTED FOR…
TWO "SAINTS" COMMITTED FOR MANSLAUGHTER. An inquiry has been held at the Crown Tavern, Blackfriars-road, London, touching the death of Louis NCRED fourteen months. The deceased was KSK"ca,I?<rlh<' -o aaug.i rp. gVj a girl she was named Louis Peculiar People, ihotiga a h after a saint o „ case the unfortunate child lost evidence taken m the case, f nat.~Tl4.a her life through the too strict adherence of tier parents to one of the tenets of the Peculiar • Mrs. Adley, Princes-street, Blaekfriars-road, a was a widow, and was one of the re & wharf deceased was the daughter of Thomas g wag labourer, and Mary Andrews, his wife. elders ot ways delicate, and it suffered from a cough The emers ot the Church were called together, and »nomt(ja-the child. The ceremony gone through was th p out of a phial on to the child's chest; they pray the Lord to heal the child and raise it up again. h „ not suggest the calling in of a doctor, because "he herself laid low the Lord of All raised her up went by the Word of God. On Tuesday last she saw the child was worse death took place on Wednesday. -They—Jf*™ every nourishment to the child and gave it brandy and e tv, a reason they did not call in a doctor was that Sc"pt.^e ,< pursed is man that trusteth in man, and also, sar, „4- ,.nt in an arm of flesh." V!l iror Did not Jesus speak of calling m physicians to %t £ L (fanatically): In what part of Holy Writ do V find that? that he did not know, but lie asked The juror conH=seu W.IS broken would you call in a the witness: If J'0, 'prciv pray to the JLord to get it doctor, or would you mended?" « Yot a bone of the righteous Witness: The Lord SS}S> shall be broken." Pv deposed that from m- .^omas Cook, the coroners 011'Whitehorse-yard, and t&,tion he received, he went to c>, one horse> he saw tho del,? over a st!lllle i!1 Wi »YrU the mother, Mrs. .Adley, a'l^ody of the deceased ch'M They Bald that the cb,^1rQale persons were in t t n0 doct0r had seen it been ill a fortnight, an wounded.' Witness said, raised up the sick «rhat do you call your reii6i What! without medicaid people." Witness remarked t>1Jlhl0y answered, "c c1iCh a re- ii„i0u before, and he had never heard of su d nv ponohoo, ^e8^Khtthey were very peculiar mdeea called upon him^er-bridge-road, said that the Pf e wa8 dead, and of cou^4 burial certificate alw'J, child wa coroner's order, 2?° refuBe(i to give it. He ha<^ since, by f0mid that death a post mortem xamina- tion, and ne i The disease wFesulted from inflamma- tion of the lung aidha(i been going on for ten days. If of recovery. '"the child would have had a fair clia aggravate the al? and water was highly improper, d,s father> ^ea Thonrns Wagstatfe, t-ie in nut S(jtu,lg gjw, asked for an explanation of his co reason is I gavo SCil aid for his child. He said, i [ believe that OoaW to the Lord six years ago, an } am lald the V body. Now, 1 believe tha" r heiieved as the Peopi- will raise me up. Six y«u's i^ 0f the Church wiU addresl tho world do. One of the elders oi you upon this." was a serious one, he The Coroner said that as th dueed. would hear any witness that C0J1,, „ ar,nearance of a shop- A middle-aged man, who ;iad tne he was an elder, keeper, then stepped forward, and s peculiar People, He handed in « A plan for the eldeis ol 1807-8." new-made plan, Mi) worthy brethren dear, you ee ti tjtem if V>w cfl > A nd your appointments there, now 1 g y0U gCt them But if you should be called aside, ve s iwell supplied." niaces which were The plan was simply a list of thirteen f 0f j^e sect to be visited by the elders. The appeared to be in Essex. The document concluded with the words, "Dear brethren,—It is requested that the church visited pay the visiting elder for his time and travelling ex- penses." The elder then said, in answer to the coroner's inqui) y as io what the document had to do with not calbnr in a doctor to save the child's life. Sixteen ye-tr" ago thê Lord saved my soul. All men are appointed to die We have a conscience that we want to keep clean" At this point the coroner cut short the sermon that was evidently intended to be a long one, by proceeding to sum up. The deceased child, he said, had lost its life through the fault of the parents in not procuring necessary medical aid, and the offeree amounted in law to manslaughter Elders might leave their own lives to the eare of the Lord if they liked, but the lives of children should not be plaved with. He liked their notion of trusting in the Lord but in this case they had gone too far. The jury, after a short consultation, returned a verdict of manslaughter against Thomas Wagstaffe and Mary Andrews Wagstaffe. ° The coroner said that he would take bail for the appearance of the accused at the Central Criminal Court. He fixed the amount at £80 for Wagstaffe and his wife, and two sureties of £ 40 each. Two members of the sect, hat manufacturers became sureties. The Elder above alluded to, said that in Essex, where they had numbers of these cases, the coroner, after consulting with the Recorder, decided that when they sincerely believed in the Lord it was not manslaughter. The Coroner said that he was of a different opinion, and that he would send the parties to Newgate in future cases, for children's lives should be protected. The age for miracles was past, and they would find that though the gates opened for Paul and Silas, the gates would not open for them when they were in prison. The Elder remarked that physic killed a great many people. The Saints gained a victory over the people of the world at the end of the case. When they had signed the bail bonds they refused to pay the usual fees, and as the bonds were signed and accepted there was no way of compelling them to hand over the money; they accordingly went on their way rejoicing in the Lord. On the above case, one of the Peculiar Brethren has written the following to a London contemporary, respecting misstatements appearing in the report of the "Extraordinary Delusions." lie says :— In the first place the name of the child is Lois not Louis as wrongly stated (2nd Timothy, 1st Ch 5 verse) and not after a distinguished Saint as we do not recognise the existence of such we all being Baptized into one body and made to drink into one spirit none lording it over God's Heritage 2nd. For reasons peculiar to Himself Thomas Cook describes the place were the parents of the Child resides as a loft if four room's properly lath & Plastered and in Thorough repair and in no respect different to rooms in new Buildings de- manding a rent of £25 per annum; is a loft, I am certain there are thousand's of Skilled Mechanics including myself who would be glad to occupy such Lofts And In reference to our dispensing with the aid of Doctors we have a more excellent way one laid out for us by the New Testament Scriptures though there be many who say the age for such things are past they fail to tell us at what particular period the word of God became a dead Letter A Juror attempted to quote scripture which never existed But to the Question If your Leg was broken <fe ? I refer Him and others to the 19 and 20 verses of the 31th Psalm I will not further intrude upon your valuable time than by stating that the Plan mentioned was put in merely to show that this Peculiar People existed in other parts of the country and have been thank God for more, than 30 years trusting to your love of the truth for the insertion of this in your Journal You will Oblige Yours Faithfully S.B., Newington (one of the peculiar Brethren)
[No title]
William Bridges, styling himself an Elder of Bath- street Chapel, London-road, Southwark, writes :— As you have an account in your valuable paper of a coroner's inquest respecting the people calling themselves Peculiar," you will kindly allow me to correct three mis- takes. 1. The child's name is Lois (2 Timothy, i., 6), not Louis. 2. Thomas Cook stated that he went to a loft, where he saw the child whereas there are four small rooms, fit for a- working man and his family to live in comfortably; and 3. The bail refused to pay the fees, because they signed no paper, and it was not the coroner who asked them to pay. And, respecting the views they hold, and why thus call themselves "Peculiar," is when they had to register their chapels they were obliged to give a name, and as they adhere closely to the Scriptures, that is the name God gives to His people, as will be found in several places in the Bible, and in the New Testament—1 Peter, ii., 9, "But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people, that ye should show forth the praise of Him who hath called you out of darkness into His marvellous light; and Titus, ii., 14, Who gave himself for us that he might redeem us from all iniquity and purify unto Himself a peculiar' people zealous of good works," they do not trunk they hold umcriptural views. They believe Jesus Christ came into the world to save people from their sins, and that they might have a holy, heavenly, divine life, which they get by being born of the Spirit. They are then enabled to lead a new life because they are made new creatures in Christ Jesus. It is not a point they long to know whether they are the elect of God, for God gives them His spirit to witness with their spirit that they are the children oi (rod for if any man have not the Spirit of Christ Jesus he is none of His.. Respecting healing the sick, we take James v., 14.; and all those who have faith in God's word trust in the Lord for the body as well as the soul. If we have been breaking a law respecting our children it has been done ignorantly. We are not a people who wish to break the law in word or deed, but to adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things. With respect to being called fanatics," we are not sur- prised, for the Author of this religion was called a blas- phemer some said he had a devil; and his own family said he was betide himself. If, then, they called the Master of the house Beelzebub, no wonder if they call those of his household. If you will kindly insert the above I shall feel greatly 'obliged as a lover of the truth. An "Essex Incumbent" also writes :— I do most earnestly hope that you will work the tenets of the" Peculiar People." Their founder was, I believe, a certain Banyard, who lived in the good town of Rocbford. But, alas, sir, a grievous heresy arose. Banyard's wife "was taken worse," and Banyard did his duty; that is, he ran for the doctor. For this his brother elders severely censured him but not long afterwards the prophet himself wanted the doctor and had him, but he died all the same and ever since then there has been a schism in the camp' Shiites and Soonites, doctors and no-doctors. I have a certain person in my parish who is very peculiar indeed about small-pox; but, unfortunately, his peculiarity takes a wrong direction, for he thinks it wicked to have his children vaccinated. On remonstrating with him he triumphantly directed my attention to Mark xvi., 18. Well, I said, in my innocence, 1 will bring you up a black adder and a bottle of laudanum, and, if you will drink the laudanum over night and let the adder sleep with you, and get up all nice and comfortable next morning, why then I will grant you that if you lay your hands on the sick they will recover. You will hardly believe that he would not accept my very natural proposition. They are great theo- logians are these Peculiar People. At the commencement of last Lenten season I asked one of them if he would come to a week-day lecture, if I had it in my barn instead of the church. Well, sir, he said, "Should I be allowed, after you had finished, to say a few words?" I hastily made up my mind to have it in the church. 1 Seriously speaking, the delusion of these persons has become in some parts of Essex a mischievous evil, and requires to be dealt with by the ridicule of the press and the high hand of the law.
WAS SHE "AN "ENGLISH LADY?"
WAS SHE "AN "ENGLISH LADY?" In the Equity Court, before Sir W. Page Wood, the cause of "Armitage v, Armitage"has been heard, and the ques- tion in this suit was as to the construction of the will of Joseph Armitage, who made his will in July, 1859, and died in 1860. By that will he devised lands in England and shares in the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway upon trust for his sixth son, James, for life, and after his death, for all the children and remoter issue, "born in wedlock," of James, provided he should marry an English lady, or one approved of by his" (testators) "trustees, not being a New Zealand native," in such proportions, &c., as James should, by deed or will, appoint; and in default of appointment, before trust for all and every the children of the said James," in equal shares as tenants in common; and for default of such issue." npon trust for his (the testator's) children, or their issue, born in the lifetime of James, as James should appoint. What happened was, that in May, 1859, James Armitage married a native woman of New Zealand, named Hannah Tuhi Tuhi, who was one of the offspring of the union ol Samuel Randall, a British subject, with Tuhi Tuhi, an abori- ginal native of New Zealand. James Armitage died in 1863, having first by will appointed amongst all his children living at his death and the issue of such as were dead, and then by a codicil revoked his appointment, and appointed all the lands and railway shares to his brother Henry abso lutely. The bill was filed by the plaintiffs, who were the infant children of James and Hannah Armitage, born in wedlock, claiming to be absolutely entitled to the land and shares. One of the questions raised in the suit was whether Haunah Tuhi Tuhi fulfilled the condition of being an Eng- lish lady," which depended on the validity of the marriage of Samuel Randall with Tuhi Tuhi, the mother of Hannah Tuhi Tuhi and the evidence on this point having been held by the court to be insufficient, the matter had been referred back to New Zealand for further evidence, when it occurred to the plaintiffs to contend that whether the proviso as to James Armitage's marriage was fulfilled or not, they took under the gift in default of appointment; and the question was, whether the gilt in default to James's children was general, or whether it was confined to his children only in case he should marry an English lady. The case was argued, after which the Vice Chancellor said that the point was rather a nice one but upon the whole construction he was of opinion that the very general terms of the gift, even in default of appointment, were not con- trolled by the prior proviso. The probable intention of the testator was this—that if his son James were to have children by a half caste and other children by another woman, he should not have power to appoint to the former. Be that as it might, the children of James born in wedlock must be held entitled to the funds. As to the other question, whether the children of James and Hannah born prior to their marriage in 1859 had been legitimated by a New Zealand Act, it appeared that the act was not passed until after one of the post-nuptial clJildren was born. The act, therefore, had no application whether or not it was in- tended to apply to land in England, or to personalty, as to which there appeared to be some doubt.
A SAD STORY!
A SAD STORY! On Saturday an inquiry was held at Shadwell (near London), relati, e to the suicide, through poverty, of Mary Yems, aged thirty years. Charles Yems, a gaunt and poverty-stricken man, deposed that he was a general dealer, and that the deceased was his wile. He last saw her on Monday, at noon. He had gone to market at eight o'clock in the morning, and he had stayed there till twelve o'clock in the morning, but he had so little money—Is. S^d.—and things were so dear that he could not find anything cheap enougl to buy. He came home, and when his wife saw he had nothing, she said, "You have bought nothing?" He said, "My money would not allow me." She cried, Oil! what will become of us?" and went away, and he never saw her again. He was sure she had drowned herself through poverty. They had gone through gieat distress. They had four children, and for the last six months he could not make more than 6s. a week. Out of the 6s. they had to pay Is. 8d. a week rent, and is. 3d. for the hire of a barrow. They could not have lived only that two ladies were very good to them. A juror said that he knew the man Yems, and all he said was quite true. The family was very hardtfbrking and well- °°AUrv Yenis, a little girl of great intelligence, said that her ♦v,ar returned to the house at half-past ten o'clock on tfWttie an(j ma(\e the bed and suckled the baby. She Monday b rent all(i the barrow-man were paid. She asked wn1et wouid go and get some fancy shirts and would then said sne nia;;e them. She went out and never came sit up all mr" i., ,VOrk at making slop shirts for a Id. a back. She useo ot siurts she used to get ljd., l^d., sliifir. For tht- U6U to find her own needles and thread, and even 2d. \hre0 0r four shirts in a day. She could make about iu he fovln(i the body of the de- Richard Howell PlCAeu the entrance to the London ceased in the Thames ni-.u B jessed in clothes that £ ock on Tuesday morning. *'ie great destitution. talked that the story as toufw^oner, in summing saddest of the many Ba<i ones ^"nesses was one of tne w U £ e of the poor Woman nd to heal lrom time ♦ her husband's scanty earnings tried to eke out hnerllnding her own needles andTh8 shlrts at a penny a P:1 v, upget her reason, and cause lu1^' Wa* such as well imgM Uj £ self into the vu'Jr ™ ln a foment of despair to ttoow ne the juror as JXe informed that the testimony oi was borne out by thlf CC aracter and industry of the fa > The jury returned a vf.ii16 district visitor. f unsound mind through Suicide while m a !The man Yems was recalled, and asked w eaj. to eat that day. He replied, We have not my to day (it was then half-past two o clock). X place you will find that we had nothing au J- qnestion. to day (it was then half-past two o clock). I r. place you will find that we had nothing au J- qnestion. The little girl was recalled and asked tne aga servant, I She said that she had now been taken by a J a bit of | f.nd she had enough to eat, but her sister onerand the dry bread and her father had nothing, an jury made up a small subscription for the fam y.