The Cardigan Observer and General Advertiser for the Counties of Cardigan Carmarthen and Pembroke

LONDON CORRESPONDENCE. 11 THE changes in a Cabinet, brought about by resignations, can hardly fail to have a good educational effect and influence upon the Mini-ters who are suddenly called on to give up one poat 'I. and take charge or another differing greatly from the fint. Lord Salisbury, from his previous oloae I acquaintance with the complex Eastern Ques- tion, might experience little difficulty in taking up the business of the Foreign Office at the point where it was left by Lord Derby but Mr. Gathorne Hardy is likely to feel for some time an essential dif- I fere ce between 1h3 lodiaa Secretaryship and, the War Secretaryship, whhh he had filled with credit since the formation of the Deiconsht-ld Ministry. It 'a rather singular that one of the results of Lord iJ^rhj's resignation should have been tho appointment of bis yoanger brother, Colonel S:anley, to the post vacated by Mr. Gathorce Hardy. The new Secretary at War has not, it may be presumed, the same objection j to a belliccse policy as his elder brother, otherwise he would have preferred to retiin the post of j inancial Sscre'ary to the Treasury, in which be le succeed*d Mr. W. H. Smith, who finds the office j oI hirst Lord of tbe Admiralty to be no sinecure in these threatening times. The danger ot another rowdy conflict in Hyde- park *aa happily averted oy an intimation from Scotland-yard to Mr. Auberon Herbert, Mr. Brad'augh, snd Lieut. Armit—tbe heads of the would-he crmntAr-de;nonstntors-that they would be held responsible for any breach of the peace that might occur on Saturday. Though Mr. Herbert, in an indignant letter, protested against this arbitrary interference on the part of the police authorities, he had the prudence to depart from the idea of holding the projected meeting, if there was ever any inten- tion of doing so; and the only thing in the shape of a demonstration that tuok place was the appearance in the park of a small procession— consisting chiefly of boys carrying flags and banners-hea.ded by the redoubtable Li^ut, Armit. R.N., who ought to be prdmote.¡, and placed at oooa in command of an ironclad. A meeting was held, but as only one dissentient uplifted his voioe against the two resolutions that were put and carried, the gathering was a mere fiasco in comparison with recent Hyde-park demonstra- tions. It is to be hoped that we shall bear no more about thesa contemptible affairs, which are got up by agitators fond of notoriety, and taken part in by rowdies, who find ample opportunity in crowds for indulging in their favourite pastimes of bruising, bonneting, and pocket-pickiog. This is the week when every Londoner may, in a sense, be said to have "the bluee," light or dark. Saturday is the day fixed for the great annual rowing match between Oxford and Cambridge—a match which, so far as public interest in oon- oerned, puts all the Agricultural Hall walking or running feats into the shade. The Cam- bridge crew, who came first to the water aa they had most to learn, were by no means favoured with good weather for several days; but both eights have now the advantage of perfecting themselves for the final heat under the inspiriting csnditions of refreshing airs snd April sunshine. Towards the close cf last week their performances were watehed by augmented crowds of spectators, in- cluding what is known as carriage company, and this week witnesses still larger groups at all the familiar spots between Putney and Mortlake, whence good views of the reaches of the river can be obtained. Remembering the advice given by the aathor of the" Biglov Papers," we shall not attempt to enrol ourselves among the prophets, or to give the slightest hint whether the dark or light blue is likely to be the conquering colour. Owing to the circumstance of the aquatic race last year being a dead heat, the forthcoming contest is likely to be attended with more than ordinary excitement. The verdict of the jury, given in favour of the defendant, in the case of Swaebe v. Tbiatlethwayte, heard before Lord Celeridge in the Cimmon Pleaa Division, is likely to have the effect of putting a check upon those fashionable milliners snd dressmakers, in Regent-street and elsewhere, who try p11 sorts of devices to encourage the Ixt-rAmganoe of tain cad ligut headed women. What the verdict amounts to ii ibat the husband is not responeibie for debts contracted by his wife when he ha? made it known to trades- people that she has an allowance of her own for all the purposes that underlie the colleetive title of pin-money. Though Mr. Swaebe was the nominal plaintiff in the case, it was Madame S waebe who, in the Regent-street establishment, conducted the business of milliaer and dress- maker, and she had assumed, for easily under- stood reasons, the more attractive and Frenoh- seeming name of Madame Rosalie. Theatrical stars of the female sex are often fond of adopting fine names; but it was perhaps not generally surmiied, until this Common Pe-n action cropped up, that fashionable milliners and dresa- makers, for the sake of augmenting the number of their patrons, were in the habit of resorting to the same device. It might not excite surprise if women following the profession of Madame Rachel were to carry on, under a false name, the quackery of the enamelling process; but it must tend to shake confidence in the straight dealing of any busi- ness when people place on their brass plates and Cards names that are not really their own. Madame Swaebe or Rosalie, when put in the witness-box, gave it as her opinion that a lady in Mrs. Thistlethwayte'a exalted posi- tion should spend £ 1000 a year in dress, and that she bad customers (or patrons as it is more polite to call them) who spent doable that amount. The perfect ease and assurance with whioh Madame made her observations on this point serves to show the extent to which ladies, who move in fashionable circle;), are at the mercy of strong-minded milliners and dressmakers, with an' eye to the main chance. There are ladies who submit to the authority of priestesses in the matter of dress just aa implicitly as they do to the authority of priests in matters of religion. It was the Empress Eugenie who, in the" goldeD Srime" of the Court of the late Emperor apoleon, raised the tide of female extravaganoe In dress to high flood, and it has never since then gone back to its proper limits and level. The abounding weekly journals and monthly maga- zines, largely devoted to dress and mil- linery, and rendered attractive by illustra- tions showing the latest Paris fashions from top to toe, have also much to answer for in bringing to pass oases like that of Swaebe v. Taistlethwayte which came at the close of last week before Lord Coleridge and a special jury. But it is the same all over the civilised world. Mra. Comyns Carr, in her recent interesting work North Italian Folk," mentions that 11 Signor Giordmo is a great man in Genoa because he has the largest shop for the novelties of fashion, and goes regularly to Paris and London for spring and autumn modes. Here is a scene the lac-simile of some which must have been enacted in Madame Rosalie's establish- ment in Regent-street, with only this difference, that Signor Giordano is the Genoese Worth-be serves and pleases the ladies better that any lady could do. No sooner has the Contessa Capra- cionte entered the shop than the great Senor, toeing aside the Carriere, a mercantile paper, makes his obeisance, and orders a tall and per- fumed young man to show some bsautiful new aauzeathathave just arrived. ''Pretty!" ejaculates the Conteasa, admiring the citron-coloured gauze, which ia shown off to the best advantage. ''1 But -7ith that stuff I shall need a silk dress of the colour besides; it will cost me too much!' Truly your ladyship has the love of fun/ laugba fat Signor Giordano at her elbow; ( we know pretty well what the Contessa Capramonte has for money. Truly,' pouts the pretty lady; you are a good husband one can see. Do you not; reflect on the face which that sour-visaged Count will make when I bring him the bill, and hive no more money "f the poor pittance he gives me to pay it w,th ? Oh, but I muat reflect upon it, however!And so on, the story ending with the purchase of tho citron-coloured gauze. The Coatessa Caorarnoate Íi simply an Italian reflec- tion, perfect in all parts, of Ilrs. Thistle -.hwayte- wre of a. gentleman of fortune residing in Grosvenor-squsre. D. G.

KOBNIITAN'S ^EA, not faced with Prussian Blue. HOBKIMAS'S TEA, always good alike. HOBSRAFAS'S TEA, best value for moMy.

FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. I There was a considerable muter of Senators, De- puties, and men of letters at the Oratoire in Paris, at the marriage of the daughter of M. Noel Parfait, Deputy, to M. Eugene Beandouin, landscape painter. Victor Hugo waa one of the witnesses. Toe bride- groom is a Protestant, and the two families had ap- plied at the Archbishopric for arrangements for a Catholic ceremony; but the bridegroom refused com- pliance with the condition laid down that any chil- dren of the marriage should be brought up as Catho- lics, and tie ceremony was, therefore, a Protestant one. A magnificent Shakespeare Album'' intended for England is exhibited in the Berlin Museum of In- dustry and Art. The album, the gift of Professor Leo, one of the leading Shakespeare scholars in Germany, to tbtt Birmingham Shakespeare Library, contains portraits of all the more important German scholars, poets, actors, and composers, to whose united efforts the Germans are indebted for the thorough acquaint- ance with and intelligent appreciation of the great poet. It is stated that the Admiralty have decided upon augmenting our fleet on the China and East Indian stations by the addition of another armour-plated vessel. The only vessels of any size on these stations are the Audacious, 14. armour-plated, flag-ship of Vice-Admiral C. F. Hillyar, C.B., Commander-in- Chief on the China station and the Undaunted, 31, unarmoured frigate, flag-ship of Bear-Admiral J. Cor- bett, CB, Commander-in -Chief in the East Indies. The other vessels—about thirty in number—are small, and do not carry any heavy armament. The Pene- lope, now at Chatham, and which is ready for com- mission, will be sent to China, and as she has been fitted as a flag ship, it is thought that a rear-admiral will be appointed to her, to be second in command on the station. In the official despatches respecting the Congress it is stated that Prince Gorttchakoff declared to the Roumanian agent at St. Petersburg that Russia would not bring the Bessarabian question before the Con- grers, and would take Bessarabia by force if Bou- mania refused to give it up. Prince GortschakofE has also declared that if the Roumanian Government pro tests against or opposes the 8th Article of the Treaty. which provides for the communication of the army of Bulgr ria with Russia through Roumania, the Emperor will order the occupation of Roumania and the dis- armament of its army. Referring to the dinner given by the Sultan to M. and Madame Fournier, the Moaiteur remarks that this was the first time such an honour had been paid to an Ambassador's wife. Mrs. Layard, indeed, was once invited to lunch, but that was a private affair, whereas this was a gala dinner attended by the highest functionaries of State. The Sultan asked for infor- mation about Sweden, where M. Fournier was for- merly Ambassador, and evinced some surprise on hearing the small amount of King Oscar's Civil List, and on being told that if the King ever threatened to thwart his Parliament it put a check on him by threatening to stop the supplies. Advices from Grenada by the West India mail re- port that on the 7th of March her Majesty's ship Bellerophon, bearing the flag of Sir Astley Cooper Key, K.O.B.. Vice-Admiral on the North American and West Indian Station, in company with the Rover, Capt- Thomas Barnardiston the Sirius, Oapt. George L. Sullivan; the Blanche, Capt. O. G. K. Knowles; and the Argus, Commander Robert H. Harris, appeared off Pointe Salines, approaching the land under full sail. Sbortly afterwards the ships took in sail, got under steam, and r..n in to within four or five miles of the anchoring ground, when the Argus steamed up to the mail steamer Larne and got the admiral's de- spatches and the mails for the fleet. The gallant visitors came from Trinidad, and Sir Cooper Key in accompanied by Lady Key and his two Msughters. They arrived at Barbadees on the 20th of February, where numerous balls and parties were given m honour ot their visit, and from that island the fleet proceeded to Trinidad, where also a round of enter- tainments were given. After getting the mails from the Larne, the Argus steamed away again at full speed for Barbadoes, and the other ships got under sail and sped away to the westward, en route to Port Royal, Jamaica. An interesting letter has been received by the Journal tits Dibats from Adrianople, in which the writer gives an account of the state of the town since the occupation by the Russians. After describing the heterogeneous element of which the population is composed, he says the predominant race, not for numbers but on account of the noise it makes, is the Bulgarian. The Bulgarians desire to subject all the other races, Greeks, Jews, Armenians, and Turks, to their domination, and in that respect they differ from the Russians. Tho oesire of the latter is only to Bu»sianise the town, and not to grant any special ad- vantages to any portion of the population, except in so far as is necessary to sorve their special purpose. On account of the un willingnees of the Russians to erect a Bulgarian feudality, a certain coldness has sprung up between them and their proteges. The Berlin press, on the whole, comments approv- ingly upon Lord Salisbury's Circular, but considers that it defines England's view of the Busso-Turkish treaty in a sense almost inevitably precluding the pos- sibility of a peaceful issue to the essential and funda- mental differences existing between England and Russia. It is thought here that Russia cannot yield if she would to the extent implied as a sine qua non by Lord Salisbury, and leading journals express the conviction that England having at length spoken her mind in plain terms, she will not depart one iota from the stand she has taken up. This, the semi-official and Liberal organs say regretfully, but without any expres- sions of hostile animus towards England. A pessimistic view of the situation prevails throughout society, as well as in the Berlin and the provincial press. The Russian Government is quietly concentrating ita naval strength at Sebastopol. All the war vessels, gunboats, and torpedo craft havereOCITed orders to con- centrate there, and to await further telegraphic instruc- tions from St. Petersburg. It is believed at Sebastopol that when the squadron is complete in all details, Captain Baranoff, of Vesta notoriety, will assume command of it, and a move will be made upon the Bosphorus. Plans have already been supplied by Captain Baranoff to the Russian Intelligence Depart- Trent for successfully preventing the entry of the English fleet into the Black Sea, and have received the Grand Duke Constantino's approval,—Whitehall Review.

A MODERN "DOTHKBOY'S HALL.A Ply- mouth correspondent sends us (Pall-mail Gazette) the following account of the condition of a boarding- school as set forth by counsel and confirmed by evi dence in an action brought for damages by a pupil teacher at Holdswortby, North Devon, against the keeper of the school and his wife. The plaintiff having been engaged as pupil teacher, found that, besides twenty girls. there were thirty boys in the school. All the boys slept in one room, the capacity of which, the judge remarked, was not enough for five. The plaintiff had to make the beds in the boys' dormitory, which was the only place they had for washing; and, as there were but four basins, half of them often went down dirty. The sheets were only changed twice in one half-year, and when measles and other illnesses occurred Holloway's pills were the only medicine administered, no doctor being called in. The plaintiff had to sleep in the same bed with four others, and when an infectious disease broke out they all caught it, and the plaintiff, when she left, was disqualified from taking another situa- tion for several months. Several pupils carried the infection to their homes. Although the household consisted of seventy persons, only one female servant was kept, and-sometimes there was no servant at all. The judge summed up strongly against the defendants, and the jury awarded the plaintiff £ 20 damages. PMVATBBRiNG.—There has been some discus- sion on the possibility, in case of war with Bmaeia, of the revival of the practice of issuing letters of marque. The publie have been warned that in a war between England and Russia the latter Power will issue letters of marque to American adventurers, and a swarm of Alabamas may interrupt our commerce;" but in reply to this suggestion, a correspondent of the Times writes to state that tbe old practice of issuing letters of marque to the subjects of neutral States, by which they were authorised to carry on a sort of legalised piracy against the vessels and property of a nation with which they were not at war, bad been abandoned and rigorously repressed long before the Declaration of Paris. In fact, no. such letters of marque have been issued or accepted by neutrals in the present century." This may be true in the sense of the formal issue of such letters to subjects of neutral nations, but it is not true as to the general issue of letters of marque for on the 17th of April, 1861, the President of the Confederate States issued a proclama- tion offering letters of marque to all persons applying for them; and it appears that even Prussia, one of the signatories of the Declaration of Pari?, which recites that "privateering is and remains abolished," in the course of tbe Franco-German war found herself, says Sir R. Phillimore, so pressed with the superiority of the French navy that she issued a decree for the purpose of creating a voluntary marine, which, according to that learn<d writer, it is very difficult to distinguish from the old system of priva- teering. With these examples before us, we cannot agree that "there is not the slightest probability" tb. t pnvateeringjwill be revived.-&Iicitore Journal. OHDEBS HAVJS BEBN BRCEIVBD from the War Office that no soldiers whose regular period of service has expired en be permitted to transfer themselves into the reserves, but must serve with the regulars for six years longer if required.

THE BUEGET RESOLUTIONS. | The following are the resolutions passed by the House of Commons, asrecorded in the minutes of the House: 1. Resolved-Tbat, towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, thé" duties of Customs now charged on tea shall continue to be levied and charged on and after the 1st day of August, 1878, until the 1st day of August, 1879, on importation into Great Bri- tain or Ireland (that is to say) on tea, per lb. 6d. 2. Motion made, and question put, "That, towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, the follow- ing duties of Customs shall be charged on and after the 5th day of April, 1878, on tobacco imported into the United Kingdom, in lieu of the duties DO" payable thereon (that is to say): Tobacco manufactured, viz. s. d. Cigars the ib ft 4 Cavendish or negrobead the lb. 410 Snuff containing more than 131b. of moisture in every lOOlb. weight thereof the lb. 4 1 Snuff not containing more than 13!b. or moisture in every 1001b. weieht thereof the lb 4 10 Being cavendish or negrohead manufactured in bond the lb 4 4 Other manufactured tobacco the Ib. 4 4 Tobacco unmanufactured, viz.: Containing 101b. or more of moisture in every 1001b. weight thereof the lb 3 6 Containing less than 101b. of moisture in every 1001b. weight thereof the lb 3 10 —(Mr. Chancellor of the Exchequer).—The com- mittee divided Av?s 204, Noes 24. 3. Resolved—That in lieu of the drawback now payable on tobacco, there sball be allowed on and after the 5th day of June, 1878, a drawback on the I exportation or deposit in a bonded warehouse to be used as ship's stores, of tobacco, of 3a. 7d. per pound, subject to the provisions of the Manufactured ) Tobacco Act, 1873 (26 Vic. c. 7), for ascertaining the amount of drawback payable, and under such regula- tions as the Commissioners of Customs may see fit to adopt. 4. Resolved-That, towards raising the supply granted to her Majesty, there shall be charged, col- lected, and paid for one year, commencing on the 6th day of April, 1878, in respect of all property, profits, and gains mentioned or described as chargeable in the Act of the 16th and 17th years of her Majesty's reign, chapter 31, the following duties of income tax (that is to say): For every 20a. of the annual value or amount of property, profits, and gains charge- able under Schedules (A), (0), (D), or (E), of the said Act, the duty of 5d.; and for every 20s. of the annual value of the occupation of lands, tenements, hereditaments, and heritages chargeable under Schedule B of the said act—In Eng- land, the duty of 2;d.; in Scotland and Ireland respectively, the duty of lfd., subject to the provi- sions contained in Section 163 of the act of the fifth and sixth years of her Majesty's reign, chapter 35, for the exemption of persons whose income is less than £ 150, and in Section 8th of The Customs and Inland Revenue Act, 1876," for the relief of persons wh we income is less than £400. Motion made, and question proposed, "That on and after the lstdayof June, 1878, in lieu of the annual duty of 5s. imposed by the Act of the 30th and 31st years of her Majesty's reign, chapter five, there shall be granted and charged the annual duty of 7s. 6d. for and in respect of every dog of the age of two months or upwards, for which a licence to keep the same shall be taken out under the said act, euch license terminating on tbe 31st day of December fol- lowing the day on which it is grantedMotion, by leave, withdrawn. 5. Resolved—That it is expedient to amend the laws relating to the Customs and the Inland Revenue.

THE EASTERN QUESTION. ] ARRIVAL OF RUSSIAN TROOPS AT ODESSA. A despatch from Odessa, under date April 8th, says: About 3000 of the Russian army have arrived here from San Stefano, consisting of the Emppror's escort and the Podolsky Regiment, which was one of the first to cross the Danube and distinguished itself at Sbipka. They were treated by the Municipality on the Ex- change place to refreshments. The National Anthem was played, and the regimental flags, crowned with laurels, were displayed. A religious open-air service was also conducted. ITALY'S ATTITUDE. Italy's attitude towards the Eastern Question is fairly summed up in the Opinione. While Italy cannot approve the Treaty of San Stefano, she finds nothing in that treaty to make her depart from her neutral policy. Her. part, will be to aid in effecting such a modification of the treatv as miy Becure to the autonomy of the Balkan Penin- sula, and the formation of a Greek kingdom strong enough to neutralise the preponderance of Russia. ATTITUDE OF GERMANY. The Times St. Petersburg correspondent says The belief that Germany is abandoning her strictly passive attitude is rapidly gaining ground here. The articles of the North German Gazette and the Berlin Post have made a strong impression, and are regarded in the official world as very significant. Prince Bis- marck, it is said, evidently intends, without openly interfering in the quarrel, to use his influence for the maintenance of peace. How he will do this is not yet clear, but it is I supposed that the Congress negotiations will be recommenced on some new basis. Any effort in tiaat direction is sure to be seconded :by Austria and Russia, and some formula may be invented to remove the preliminary objections of the British Cabinet. There will, of course, remain the objections of a more serious kind, but an agreement is not despaired of. The Russian diplomatists disclaim any intention of having tried to exclude Europe from the solution of the Eastern Question, and do not regard the modus solvendi proposed by the pre- liminary ,treaty as the only one which Russia can adopt. Let Austria and England, they say, state clearly the solutions which they deeire, and perhaps by mutual concessions some satisfactory arrangement may. be found. Already, it argued, there is a wide basis for agreement, seeing all recognise that great changes are necessary, and that real guarantees must be secured against a renewal of the recent disturbances in South-Eistem Europe; while the problem to be solved, apart from questions of national amour propre, would not be simplified by a European war. THE TURKS IN A DIFFICULTY. A Constantinople correspondent says: The Turks are in a most difficult position. I doubt whether they will be able to adopt a policy of neutrality merely. They will be obliged to take sides, and become the ally of one or other of the belligerents. Now, if they side with England, the Russians would of course' attack instantly, before English, troops could come to their assistance, with a result which can hardly be doubtful, I mean the complete destruction of the army, and the loss of Constantinople. The Turks have no fortifica- tions, and the Russians of course will not allow them so long as the present state of things lasts. If, on the contrary, the Turks side with Russia, the Eng- lish could seize nearly the-whole of Asia Minor. What are the poor Turks to do 1, THE NAVIGATION OF THE DANUBE. (OFFICIAL NOTIFICATION ) The following translation of an official notification relative to the navigation of the Danube is contained in a letter from Lloyd's agent at Galatz "The Minister for Foreign Affairs having received a communication from the Chief of the Staff of the Russian military communications, General Cerkes- sof, No. 1975, 16th March, is in a position to give the following notice regarding the navigatior of the Danube. All the obstacles which im- peded the entrance of vessels into the Danub< from the sea have been removed, as well as the mines placed above Ibraila. The navigation is therefore entirely free in this part. As regards thE course of the river between Czernavoda and Kasovata although all the Russian torpedoes have been removed circulation cannot be fully assured, because the num ber of torpedoes placed there by the Turks is nol known for certain. Their removal 18, however, beinf carried on uninterruptedly, and it is hoped that th< bed of the river will shortly be entirely cleared. Is the Upper Danube the only point where work still re- mains to be done for the' withdrawal of mines it Oorabia, but, as one of the channels is free of torpe does, navigation is open in that part." PUBLIC OPINION IN ROUMAMA. A telegraphic despatch from Bucharest, under dai* April 8th, says: The Roumanian journals of al parties are exceedingly hostile in tone towards Russia They assert that Russia cannot maintain the Treaty oi San Stefano without a war. The relations betweet the Russians and the Roumanians along the Danubl are very much strained, and innocent traveller! crossing the stream feel the effects of this ill feel ing. The local journals express great confident in Western Europe backing them up in theii resistance to the retrocession of Bessarabia. Tb< opinion prevails here that, in case of war, the policj of England will be to avoid any great battles, bui instead thereof to wear out the Russian means of keep ing up their armies, and force them to yield through exhaustion. Such a policy, it is asserted, will have I terriblv depressing effect upon the Muscovite energies which would be roused to confront any amount oi I. present difficulty, but would droop under a prolonged period of armed inaction. THE RUSSIAN TROOPS IN BULGARIA ANI ROUMANIA. A Bucharest correspondent of a contemporary under date April 7th, says: The Russian troops it Bulgaria, Boumania, and the south-western district* of Russia are taking up positions at various points ol strategic importance, and contracts have been mad! for the delivery of supplies at these centres. Pitesti in Roumania, is the most salient of these positions, and it is a place of great importance in a military sense It commands the southern embouchures of the Kimpo- lung, Jule, and Rosentoura Passes through the Carpa- thians, and, in conjunction with a force at Ploesht: to defend tbe Kronstadt Pass, covers all the ap- proaches to Roumania from Austrian territory which are practicable for artillery, and trains. The Rosen- tour and Kronstadt Passes are the most passable fot waggons and cannon, the ether two being crossed with great difficulty, although since the passage of Gourke and Skobeleff through the Etropol and Trajan Passes of the Balkans the faith in natural mountain defences must have become seriously weakened. Russian troops are already marching via Bucharest in the direction ot the Carpathians. Contracts have been made here for furnishing supplies at Pitesti. This place is situated on the through line of railway from Galatz to Turn Severin, and can, therefore, be easily supplied by rail. The river iluta is the natural line of defence on the west, with its right testing on the Carpathians, the passes of which are defended as above mentioned, and its left on the Danube at its junction with the Aluta, protected by the fortress of Nikopol opposite the mouth of the latter river. The left bank of the Aluta is very favourable in its natural conformation for purposes of defence. South of the Danube the defensive line runs through Plevna and Lovats to the Balkans, with the fortress of Widin as SO advanced post. I am informed that torpedoes have been placed in the Danube at Widin, leaving only a narrow passage open for river steamers. In rear of this line comes that connecting Galatz, Silis- tria, Rustchuk, Biela, and Tirnova with the Balkans, covering the immediate approaches to Kustendjt*, Varna, and Bourgas, the ports through which the Russian armies in Turkey will receive their supplies in the event of further hostilities arising out of the Treaty of San Stefano. AN AUXILIARY CAVALRY FORCE FROM INDIA. The Times Calcutta correspondent, under date April 7tb, says: All military furloughs have been stopped. Various rumours, assuming at last more and more definite shape, have circulated in the Dress with reference to a projected expedition to Bagdad. These, however, turn out at las* to be entirely without f oundation, having been officially contradicted. At ter a careful consideration of various regiments of the native army and its strength as a whole, I am led to the conclusion that immediately on the announcement of war we should be able to despatch from India a very large army corps without weakening the frontier or any other strategic position, or reducing the various forces of observation maintained to watch and keep in check our too powerful feudatories. Probably, however, the most important auxiliary force which India could furnish to an English army would be a corps of native cavalry, supporting, as it would, I that branch of the service in which England is numerically weakest, but in which the native army is pre-eminently strong. It would be a very ahorteigbtfd policy in the event of war to disregard the military advantages which would icerua from the employment of the splendid auxiliary force of cavalry this country could spare. If cavalry be the eyes and fears of an army, it would be difficult JO find in any European fighting body sharper eyes or )a.rs than would be supplied by the Indian cavalry. rbe Bengal cavalry in particular is in a highly efficient itate, well drilled, well mounted, and perfectly j •quipped, having also the greatest power-of mobilisa- MB of any regular cavalry in the world. RETURN OF TROOPS TO RUSSIA. In a despatch from San Stefano, dated April 7th, it is stated that, in addition to troops proceeding by sea to Russia, the first division tJf cavalry, commanded by General Doctoroff, and the first division of Don Cossacks, consisting of four regiments of cavalry anr, three batteries of arrilleiy, have begun their march to Russia viA Braila or Tultcha. Three regiments of j Oosaacks, two batteries of artillery, and the 11th Corps, comprising one cavalry and two infantry divisions under Prince Schakoffsky, have gone Rustchuk. The Grand Duke at Constantinople has had long in- terviews with Beouf and Savet Pashas. WITHDRAWAL OF RUSSIAN TROOPS FROM BULGARIA TO ROUMAJNIA. The continued withdrawal of Russian troops from Bulgaria to Roumania is attributed to the independent position assumed by the Bucharest Government at what may be the beginning of a European conflict. In tbe event of foreign vessels getting command of the Black Sea, tbe Russian Government are necessarily anxious to protect their line of communications in Moldavia and Bessarabia. There is reason to assume that in an unpublished Treaty Servia has engaged to co-operate with Russia in any future commotion, and that it is intended to impose the like obligation upon Bulgaria. 1HE FRENOH NEWSPAPERS AND THE ATTITUDE OF ENGLAND The Paris correspondent of the limes says: The great majority of the French newspapers do not dis- guise, in view or Russia s almost impudent demands, their approval of England's attitude. The Dibats well remarks that it would be a mistake to suspect England of hankering after some conquest, her only anxiety being to defend imperilled public law. All the other leading papers adopt the same tone, and it is not surprising that Prince Orloff complains of this attitude of the pms. No one had been more zealous than he for years, and even under M. Thiers Government, in preparing the successive public Cabinets to greet with favour the substi- tution of Russian for Turkish influence. It may even be said that he had succeeded in making the people forget Russia s attitude during 1870, and attribute to her alone the credit of having pre- vented a fresh Franco-German war in 1875. He has, therefore, reason to be surprised at tbe atti- tude of tbe French public, and r«ally this attitude bas almost surprised the public themselves. They were disposed to admit that certain advantages might fairly be acquired by Russia, but when the treaty map appeared they were struck at the dispro- portion between the victories gained and the advan cages stipulated. Russia, after two years of prepara- tion, has only conquered a discredited nation without resources, a victory not justifying her deriving euch advan!»ges» and modifying the whole map of Europe. This has been the feeling of the public since they have come to understand the treaty, and I dc not think anything can change it. It j8 therefore natural that the Frencn Government has no very strong desire to express an opinion on the treaty; for it could only speak in accord with the feeling of the country. FOREIGN OPINION OF LORD SALISBURY'S „ CIRCULAR. Lord Salisbury's circular, says a St. Petersburg correspondent, is regarded here as a new proof that tbe British Cabinet has decided upon war. In the official world it is said that the document is not plea- sant reading for those who deeire peace; but it has so advantage over its Predecessors in being quite clear and intelligible, and in removing ibe discussion from the region of words and formalities to that of facts and interests. Besides this, i$(Joes away with any regrets which may have been caused by the breaking down of the Congress negotiations, because the Congress could not haveaucceededif the Plenipotentiaries had entered it animated with the spirit displayed in the Circular. I The text has not yet been received by the Govern- nient, and consequently no decision has yet been taken regarding the answer to be given but there is reason > to believe hat it will not be regarded as having any- thing of the nature of an ultimatum. As the British Government declares the solution proposed by the pre. ) lioiinary treaty to be inadmissible, but confines itself to a purely Edative criticism, it is possible that it may bJ t n some solution of its own. If the > English Cabinet, it ia argued, is really anxious to avoid war, as some of its members have declared, a pacific solution of the difficulty may still be found. A Vienna correspondent says: The impression pro- duced here by Lord Salisbury's Circular is very great. All the papers re-echo it, but leud and harmonious as i the echo is, it is still but a faint reflex of the effect produced on the public mind. As yet only a tele. graphic rikumA ef the despatch has arrived, but ex- i tensive enough, nevertheless, to enable one to judge of its whole tenour. Primarily, this deep impression is undoubtedly due to the large and statesmanlike view taken in the Circular of the real bearings of the Trea y of San Stefano, aE(j to the clear, manlv lan- guage in which this view is txpressed; but the effect l bl's been heightened not a little by the circumstance • that, in spite of the attitude lately assumed by Eng- 8 ^arati°a from her carno rather unex- 9 i jj ENGLAND AND GREECE. V u atldre88» of which the following is a translation, has been presented to her Majesty's representative in r Athens by the Metropolitan of the Greek Church, the i Sr .• University of Athens, the directors of the National Bank, the Majors of Athens and Pirceug rand Ouhera: We have the honour to present you t with an address expressive of the unanimous feeling of 1 e most well-known men of Athens and of the Piraeus, aa well as of the whole of Greece, who are, we are sure, the interpreters at tbe present time of r the deep thankfulness for the noble sympathy so I ?ordJally Inanifetited by all parties in England ln favour of eur cause, and for the noble initiative which her Ma) -sty's Government has Just tsken in proposing the admission of Greece to the Congress which will have to df^G {ate of the nations of the East. This step 1 ° gland s is an eloquent sign that the British Government estimates the part which Hellenism has p to play in the same spirit which inspired the cautious policy Of "the imfcortal George Canning, and that it • *1?1« xihe Hellenic cause under its shield." this Mr. Wyndhana replied as follows: I am deeply touched by the expressions which close the address T?1!! • Ju!fc presented to me in the name of the Hellenic nation, a nation for which England bas i always had great sympathy. I shall take real pleasure, ■ »nd gentlemen, in forwarding this address to her Majesty's Government. In conclusion, I beg you to permit me to express a wish for the prosperity of Greece and for the happiness of his [ Majes y the King your august sovereign, of her itojestv the Queen, and of the Royal family." MASSACRES BY THE TURKISH TROOPS. The spec'al correspondent of the Standard tele- graphs from Lamia as follows: I have received Consular and other more direct authentic reports I from both sides engaged in the struggle in Thessaly. I They agree in stating that the Turks, after seizing I the insurgent positions at Makrinitza and Porteria, I began pillaging and burning the villages, churches, and monasteries. They massacred young and old, Sn.WC v, 88 wounded and infirm of both :.0lite8. an<l shops were sacked, and in I B° v. j t]?e Plunder was sold openly. Some Raya s and Europeans were outraged and murdered in t e suburbs of Volo. Tbe Consuls bave despatched *i*5° Hobart Pasba, as tbe Turkish officers' plea their inability to control tbe men ia all non- -i was murdered by the Turks near j nn4L-a 80111 e hours after the battle was over, and withm the Turkish lines. Almost every Turk -I™ IQ\ 7 B'ght, and the circumstances of his death mdica e design, jjr. Ogle waa unarmed; he did not even carry a revolver. The insurgents have retreated to Drakla and Ghion places where Amyz Pasha hesi- tates to attack them. His troops commit such out- r3^B £ eneral massacre is apprehended. Tbou- Bftn 8 women and children have fled to the coas a. Lechotnia, and are there perishing from terror and exposure while they wait to be carried to a place Of safety by ships. It would be an act of humanity tor the British Admiralty tod irect some ships toca upon this coast immediately. While tbe Turh are thus acting like devils the Greeks treat their prisoners well, and offer the Turkish wounded every relief in their power.

2»Thk PROPOSED EASTER REVIEW.—A meetiDg me roPohtar commanding officers was held at the Offices of the National Rifle Association, Lrrd Rane- lagh presiding, to consider the invitation by the 2U,tfTtle8u0f ^°y8ton to the volunteers to hold a field-day there on Easter Monday. Lord Elcho moved, 8fp t <e«lfru seconded a resolution to the {ftect, lhat the military authorities be invited to in- spect the Royston Ground with a view to a field-day on Esster Moaday." To this Lieut.-Colonel Ommanney moved an amendment, which was seconded by Lieut- Colonel Brown (29th Middlesex), That though the ground offtred is suitable it is too late now to make arrangements, a large number of commanding officers having made preparations for independent drill which cannot now be altered." After some discussion the amendment was carried, so there will be no field-day on Easter M ;ndav. THE Soldieb AND HIS ENEMy.-OffioiaI re- turns show that in the financial yfar 1876-77 the stoppages from the pay, &c., of soldiers under for- feiture for drunkenness amounted to ^17 935, which was applied to the granting of gratuities to well- j conducted soldiers on or after their discharge. In < the preceding six years the aggregate amount of these fines was higher than the above sum in four years, ] and lower in two years, I

PARLIAMENTARY INTELLIGEN C h. -+- TBE BTOOST.—The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in rising to < xplain his Budpet. said, at the outset, it was neces sari)y somewhat complicated. as he had to deal. not only wi.h ordinary revenue and expenditure for two yea s, but with the extraordinary expenditure authorised by the vote of credit. The revenue for 1877-8 bad fully answered his expectations, though it had probaHy been swelled during the last few days by the duties paid in fear of increased indirect taxa- tion. The revenue had produced jE79,783,298, and although there had been an increase in expenditure on the ordinary services, the net result of the year was that there was a surplus of £ 860,00! the total expenditure, inde. pendent of the vote of credit, having been £ 78,903,495. Out of the vote of credit of £6,000,000, £ 3,">00,000 had already been expended, to meet which £ 2.750,000 in Exchequer Bonds had teen issued, and £ 750,000 had been drawn from the surplus, so that they had to face a deficit on the year of £ 2,640,000 Turning next to the estimated expenditure of 1878.9, the permanent. charge on debt would be £28, 00,000; interest on local 101lns. £ 220,000; interest on Exche- quer Bonds, 04,000; charge of the Suez Loan, 2200,000; other Consolidated Fund charges, £1,760,000 ¡ the Army, £ 15,595,000; Home charges of forces in India, Navy, £ 11,053,901; Civil Service, the Customs, £ 2,793,0«8 Post Office, £ 3,313,215 Tele- graph Service, £1,114,972; Packet Service, £773,245 ¡ or a total of £81,019.676; as against an expendi- ture last year of £ 78,903,000. The former amount was without making any provision for the bonds issued for the vote of credit or for supplementary services. He estimated the revenue for the year 1878-9 at £ 79,4^0,000, or £ 303,299 less than last year, so that there would be a deficit of tl,560,000, without any provision for extraordinary expenditure. Much of the increased expen- diture was owing to the Prisons Bill coming into operation, and to the enhanced cost of public edu- cation. In addition to the deficit of £1,560,100 in the coming yenr, there -would be extraordinary expenditure which would raise the total deficit to £ 5,300,000. As to his proposals, he would readjust the house tax by placing offices und places of business where there was a resident care-taker on the same footing as warehouses, and meet the small deficiency thus caused by raising the dog tax from 5s. to 7s. 6d., charging the tax on all dogs over two months of age. Then as to the way in which the deficit of jB5,300,000 was to be met. A penny on the income tax would produce .1,800,000, of which £1,500,000 would come into this financial year; therefore, if twopence wtre put on the income tax, £3,000,000 would be added to the revenue of the year. Besides this, he proposed an additional duty of fourpence per pound on tobacco, and from this source they would derive £750,000, or, with the income tax, the addition to the revenue would be £3,750,000. The esti. mated deficit to meet all expenses was £ 5,300,< 00, and deducting £ 3,750,0 >0 from that amount, they would leave a remnant for the next year of £ 1,530,' 00. towards the payment of which £ 600,000 would be re eived, during that year, from the addition made to the income-tax. The I ight hon. gentleman concluded by moving, in a rapidly. thinning House, formal resolutions for raising the tobacco duty fourpence in the pound, and continuing the present tea duty. Mr. Gladstone began the usual desultory discussion which followed, by concurring in the suggestion of the Chancellor, that for fiscal reasons the resolution as to tobacco should be passed at once, though he did not pledge himself to the principle of that increase. The right hon. gentleman thought, further, that in imperial finance, each year should be considered by itself, and that no distinction should be made between ordinary and extraordinary expenditure. Mr. Mundella said he would have preferred an increase of the spirit duties to an addition of twopence to the income tax. Sir J. Lubbock thought toe much had been placed on direct, and too little on indirect taxation. Mr. food son expressed his objection to the system of large sup- plementary estimates, and Mr. Childers hoped the estimate of revenue from customs and excise was not too sanguine. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in reply, thanked the committee for the reception of his proposals. The discus- sion was continued by Mr. Parnell. Mr. Mitchell-Henry, and Major biohm, who objected that the present and pro- posed system of indirect taxation operated unfairly on the Irish people. A division being called for on the resolution relating to tobacco, it was carried by i04 to 24 votes. The other resolutions were agreed to amid cheering. LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND TAXATION IN LONDON.—In the House of Commons, Sir U. Kay Shuttleworth called atten- tion to the state of local government and taxation in London, and to the necessity of a measure extending to the whole metropolis the benefits of the Miuicipal Coruo. ration Reform Act of 1835. With this object the hon. member submitted a series of resolutions setting forth — 1. That the present state of local government in London was uus-tisflelory, and called for reform; 2. That the whole metropolis should be united under one administrative authority chiefly representing the ratepayers; 3. That these con- dition were not fulfilled under the present system of administration; 4. That the anciert Corporation of the City, if extended over the metropolis and re- modelled, would best achieve the purposes of a Mnnicipalty for London; and 5. That this reform should be undertaken by her Majesty's Government without delay. Mr. Charley, in opposing the motion contended that the direction which the reform of lo^al govern- ment in the metropolis should take was the creation of new municipal bodies outside the ancient Corpora- tion of the City, and not the exteusion of the Cicy Corpora- tion to the rest of the metropol s. If the proposals now made were carried out it would not reform, but deform, the local government of London. Sir J. McGarel Hogg also opposed the motion from the point of view of tbe Metropolitan Board of Works, of which body he is the chairman. He argued that the circumstances of the metropolis now and when the Board of Works was created were not so different as to render such a measure necessary. The board had been established in accordance with the recommendations of two Royal Com- missions, and it had successfully executed its municipal work outside the City. In the debate which followed Lord Elcho commented on the disadvantages of the divided go- vernment of London, which Mr. Stansfeld condemned as chaotie. Mr. Gross admitted that there were great faults in the government of London, but the City objected to the creation of the proposed municipality, and while so many conflicting op nions prevailed it was undesirable to pledge the House to any particular mode of action. There were questions affecting the gas and water supplies and the fire brigade which im. ptratively required to be dealt with, but he declined to give any pledge that the Government would bring in a bill to hand over the entire Government to the City Cor- poration first, and then to reform it, or vice versa. Mr. Lowe thought the time had come when the City should no longer be isolated from the great community around it. Lord J. Manners, Sir C. Dilke, and Mr. lJewdegate having spoken, Mr. Goschen promised that if a Conservative Government would undertake the reform of the local government of London it should receive all possible support from the Liberal party. Be believed that the attitude of the City on the question had completely changed. The House divided on the first resolution, whion it negatived by 116 to 73. The other resolutions were not put. 'JLHE EASTERN QUESTION.—Mr. Gladstone then asked whether the Government required of Russia that she should undertake before the assembling of the Congress not to withdraw therefrom before the discussion on any proposal which any Power might make to the Congress; and whether they intended to place their own liberty of withdrawal under a similar limitation. The ri:;ht hon. gentlemen explained that his object was not controversial but pacific, and, in course of his observations, described the proposition of Russia as to Bessarabia as a most unhappy resolution if it had been raised. He hoped tl-e Govern- ment would use every means to avert the shipwreck of the projected Congress. The Chancellor of the Exchequer said the object of the Government in reference to the Congress was, like that ef Mr. Gladstone's, not controversial, but pacific; but though they wished to enter the Congress, they wished to know what was to be discussed there. All the Government had done was to express a wifh, and make it a condition of entering the Congress t'.1at every article of the Treaty of San Stefano should be submitted to it. He could see no object in prolonging the discussion. The subject then dropped. THE QUEEN'S MESSAGE.—In the House of Lords, Lord Beaconstield moved an Address of thanks to the Queen for her most gracious Message communicating her intention to call °ut the Reserve Forces. He said h e thought it not unren son- able to make a few remarks on the subject, and after describing the circumstances which had occurred during many months past, and referring to the diplomatic correspondence which had resulted therefrom, he added that meanwhile information reached the Government that negotiations which were going on between Russia and the Porte were conducted with the utmost secrecy and mystery, but England declared that al' the quest'ons between Russia and Turkey should be matter of discussion in the Congress; and that every avticle of the Treaty of Peace should be submitted to the Congress. That treaty entirely abolished the dominion of the Ottoman Empire in Europe, and the case was not different in Asia, for the treaty would convert the Black Sea into a Russian like. When the hopes of the Government of the meet- ing of the t'ongiess were disappointed they had to consider what course it was the duty ef t ie British Government to take. There was but one course to pursue. When all the world was armed or arming, was England, he at-ked, to re- main disarmed ? In these circumstances, the Government felt it their duty to advise her Majesty to send a Message to Parliament notifying her intention to call out the Reserve Forces. Lord Granville expressed a hope that what was proposed to be done would not lead to another Crimean war. With regard to the papers laid before the House, he held that there had been a great diplomatic failure so far as England and Au-tria were concerned, though it had been a triumph for Russia. He was no admirer of Russian diplomacy, but he thought that England bad not acted with discre- tion m opening direct negotiations with St. Peters- tion m opening direct negotiations with St. Peters- burg. Lord Derby explained tho reasons of his retire ment from the Government. He denied that the calling out of the Reserves was either the sole or principal cause. He had disapproved of the vote of Credit, and he objected to cal ing out the Reserves because he did not think that an emergency had arrived to justify such a step, or that diplomacy had been quite ex- hausted. Moreover, if Russia would not make concessions because in her opinion they would involve humiliation, and war were to break out, he considered that it ought to be a naval war, ani should not involve an increase of our land forces. Reviewing the position of the great Powers and the influences which were operating upon them, he asked why England should not drift but absolutely rush into war ? There was now no hope of restoring the Turkish Empire in Europe, and, seeing that we had not interfered to save Turkey when we might have done so, why should we now be crying out. against her enemy, who was safe in- side the Bnsphorus ? He admitted that there were circumstances which might force us into war, but in his opinion there was great objection to our now commencing a wlrx whhh, if undertaken, would have to be done again in twenty or twenty-five years' time. For his part he tailed to see any real ground for a casus belli. The Lord Chancellor replied to tne speech ot Lord Derby. Lord Salisbury said that he had listened to the speech of Lord Derby with great surprise, because for all that passed in the Cabinet every member previous to his resignation was responsiUe. With regard to the Treaty of San Stefano, he observed that that document was one connected whole, so that the Government could not consider its articles separately. He observed tbat a misconception appeared to prevail that there was something warlike in the steps which the Government had taken, but he contended that the position of the Govern- ment was not a warlike position, for they had simply taken measures of precaution, being quite sure that if the tim should ever come when the measures of precaution should be converted into more active- measures, the spirit of Eng- lishmen would supply all that would be required. Ulti- mately the Ad iress was agreed to. CALLING OUT THE RESERVES -In the House of Com- mons the Message from the Crown announcing her Ma- jesty's intention 10 call out the Reserve Forces hiving been read, the Chancellor of tt-e Ex hequer moved an Address to the Queen thankingher for her gracious comm nication. The right hon. gentleman remarked th t, in taking this step, it was not intended to alarm the country by leading it to suppose that the emergency was such as might Eirise at a momel.t of national peril. At the same time, the emergency was of such a character as rendered it necessary that the army should be put upon a footing that would admit of its services being used wil liout celay in the event of their being re- quired, and the measures contemplated were similar tu and n the same spirit as the measures announced when the Pote of Credit was proposed. If he were asked why neasures of precaution were not taken until the war betwwa Kunia *e4 Xoskej had ended, his answer waa tbat < during the war England took up a. position of neutralityf which she had faithfully o "served whilst hostilities con* tinued But since the war in- tters had assumed a new aspect, and it had become necessary for her to consider her position, and the duties she might be failed fin tocNsclnrge. The system in South-eastern Europe, which rested upon the treaties between the Great Powers, was now virtually at an end. had broken down, a new system had to be put in its place, and the Treaty of San Stefano was to be substituted for the Treaty of Paris. If that wa., to be the case it was necessary that the Powers interested in the maintenance of peace should consider what was the nature of the settlement to which tbey were at-ked to be parties* and England among them claimed that she shonlu have a voice in the matter. In making the demand to bubmit the treaty to a European Conference the Govern- ment wi re only asking for that which Russia herself was ready to concede in July or August last and Ministers were in 1. opes even now that r he difficulties which had arisen mIght, be got ov. r, anr) that a Con fere > ce mightyet meet on satisfy tory terms. It wasacardiualpointof their policyto maintain the integrity of the Empire and the various oetween its different part-, and they could not shut their eyes to the effect which the changes under the Treaty ot San Stefano might have cn those communications, nor to the duty of being prepared o defend them should the necessity ..rise. He t) usted that no euch necessity would crise, ana that tbe spirit manifested by the country in the present crisis would continue to the'end. Mr. Gladaione that it was not his intention either to propose an amend* ment, or to support those of which Sir W. Lawson and Sir G. Campbell had given notice. It gave him satisfac- tion to find that the speech of the Cbanrellor of Exchequer contained no reference to building up that labric of iniquity formerly known as the Turkish Empire. He objected, however, that although the Vote ot Credit had been asked to enable the Government to go into the Congress with the confidence of the nation, they bad used it with a. special n ilitary view. In his opinion Ministers should have taken the advice of Ger" many, and met in Conference in some shape or other, rather than have canied on a. fierce controversy by telegraph. He further complained that they hllil not restrained the military ardour of the country* but, on the contrary, had, during tbe last four months, allowed it to drift in the direction of war. 1 he right bon. gentleman then proceeded to criticise the recent despatch of Lord Salisbury, whom he charged with having mads y several misstatements. The circular was, in fact, too strong in some points and too weak in others, and especially weak with reference to Bessarabia* towards which, he admitted, the conduct of Russia had. been utterly unworthy. As to the general policy of the Government, he could not reconcile or bring together their different proceeding s. To-day they moved in one direction, and next day another. They no* made themselves the organs and substitutes of Europe and he objected to the resumption of their unhappy and ill-starred system of solitary action. That had been their bane all through. They began with it, and they determined to end with it. If. however, they would work for the ends oi justice and freedom, and be content so far to humble themselves as to net with Europe, arid not without or against-Europe, he believed that they wou d receive the support of a unite ptople, earn the gratitude of a nation which was never slow to yield it, bad escape the immeasurable guilt of a causeless war. Sir W« Lawson moved to amend the resolution hy n.ddiug an eS" pression of regret. that, the Government had advised the cal ing out of the Reserves, no trreat emergency hmviulg been shown to exist, and the embodiment of the Reserve* being neit er prudent in the interests of peace, necessary for the safety of the country, nor war; anted b:v the state of affairs abroad. Sir W. Barttelot and Mr. Grant Duff con* tinued the discussion, when Mr. Hardy replied to M1' Gladstone, and, < n the motion of Mr. E. Jenkins, the debate was adjourned. ADJOUHNED DEBATE.—Mr. E. Jenkins on the follo"- ing night resumed the debate on the reply to the Royal Mess&ve, notifying the calling out of the Reserves! and the amendment to it proposed by Sir Wilfrid Lawson regretting tbat the Government had thought i» right to advise her Majesty to take such a step. Dir- Jenkins said he should not have advised a divieion, but if the amendment were pressed he should vote for it. He regretted that a disposition had been manifested not to discu-s some of the main points at issue, and he thought the Government were slowly but surely drifting the country into war without the being informed of any ground for such a course. Mr. HaS* bury said Russia had cou-e before this country and befote Europe with a freedom in her hand which she did not gi*f to the peoples ol south-eastern Europe, ai d he asked whether on readiug the treaty it was possible to come to any other conclusion than that it would -only give to those races a change of masters, and that instead of making final and permanent peace it would be pregnant with many wars. Mr. Chamberlain cordially supported the amendment, and believed that though he was one of a minority, thoae who, like him, would vote for is represented anything but a small t-ectiou of public opinion out of doors.. Mr. Baillie Cochrane mainta ne<* that it was impossible to accept the treaty in its pre sen" form, and that war was to be averted by a straightfol* ward and firm attitude on the part of the Gover11" ment. Mr. Jacob Bright considered that the pobtiCal history of Lord Beaconstield was not such as to inspir0 the country with confidence in him as a leader at such critical juncture. Mr. Dillwyn, feeling that the gre»» emergency contemplated by the Act had not warmly supported the amendment, though he decline1 to he classed, as a member of the peace-at-any-price I party. After some remarks from Sir Ii. Bowyer, fJIt. Richard, Sir C. Dilke, and Mr. Courtney, the Marquf .of Ha- tington said that if he had thought the step I proposed by the Government committed the country to war, or if he thought it would be followed by an ultimatum* or a declaration of war, be woul i have voted for tM amendment. There would be another opportunity discussing the Government measure, and this was no» an occasion when difffcrenci s between the two sides ct tne House should be multiplied. The Government statements, as on the occasion of the discussion of vote of credit, had shown divergencies, anti he no* asked them for a definite statement, whether they were Vr0l asked them for a definite statement, whether they were Pro, pared to go to war with Russia as an ally of Turkey. It v<- to be regretted that the negotiations for the meeting of the Congress should have been tnirusted to Lord Derby, who attached very little importance co its assembling when the rest of the Cabinet considered warlike preparations a naceS" sflry consequence of its failure. "With regard to the Stefano Treaty, the settlement proposed by it wouj- require careful revision by Europe, but, it was notunnatu* that Russia should frame such docum-nt at the end <3 the War, and there were reasons why t should be canva>j £ • in a spirit of conciliation by the British Government,. Tf* earlier communications of the Russian Go >er ment to Cabinet indicated that Russia would seek to recover Wr territory lost in 1856, and to make an trdvance Armenia, and in the face ot those commuuiov tions it 'was utterly impossible to se" the treaty a-i<<« witbont passing an emphatic condemnation of British neutrality during tho war, the end of which tb knew would be the demand of < ertain terms by Rus-ia Conclusion, he appealed to Sir Wilfrid Lawson to withdrft* his amendment, a if it were pressed to a division, it, must defeated by a majority that would strengthen the hanfis the war party; while Russia would imagine that a small P8?** in the House would aid her in resisting any modification < f the treaty. Lord Elci o asked whether the GovermneO had received the reply of Prince Gortsi h*k< ff, already Vn?Z lished in the Times. The Chancellor of the Exchequer the reply of Prince Gortscbakoff had not yet been by the Government; and no doubt the 'limes had antic* pated them, in consequence of the document having telegraphed from vt. fetersburg. In replying on tbe who' debate, he could only repeat tne remark he had made moving the reply to the Address, that it was an entii e va& apprehension to represent the step, or the series of t-tcp* which had been taken as likely to precipitate war. He t" garded those steps as likely to avert war. Another fallacy was that the Government was objecting to go into the gress; what they obj eted to was to go into a sbajr Conference. He believed that in the course *•* Government was taking they were acting in interests and would receive the support of Europe. but if they did not receive that support the Governing could not concur in a delusive treaty. He did not the Government would be left in this matter with" allies, but he had rather that thf y were than that they should consent to an arrangement, which would pW~J this country in the position of a mere signatory, In conclusion, he trusted no necessl" would arise for war, but, if it did, depend upon it the T,,t Ir vernment would know their duty to their country, and woo' not be found wanting in it. Sir W, Lawson declined withdraw his amendment, and the House divided. For Amendment, 64; against, 319. The reply to the B Message was then agreed to,

FUNERAL OF THE LATE SIR G. SCOTT. The funeral of the late Sir GK Gilbert Scott to^f place in Westminster Abbey. The corthge Oourtfleld House, Kensington, and was witneeeed jv a large number of people. The procession was made lip in the following manner: Tho funeral car, taining the body, the coffin being of polished 0*7 with brass furniture. Carriage containing 8ir hert'» sons—Mr. G Gilbtit Soott, Mr. J. CXdred S<5°r*' Mr. Alwyn G. Scott, and Mr. Duncl infield H Next came her Majesty's private carriage, carri*^ containing the members of Sir Gilbert's favon' carriage con tain" ng Dr. Sexton, the Ber. R- ™' I. Forest, D.D., and Sir Gilbert's valet; earner contamng Sir Gilbert's staff of assistants pupils and carriages containing the office- bean*'9 the following societies and public bodies: Academy, Boyal Institution of British Society of Antiquaries, Archaeological Institut^ Architectural Museum, Bcclesiological Society, I don and Middlesex Archaeological Society, and of Builders' Foremen and Clerks of Works. &0 some time previous to the arrival of the processj^ the sacred building was filled in every avail»& part, with th* exception of the transept, which set apart for tbe relatives and friends of the d ceased. The coffin was met at the west cloister by Canon Prothero, and was now joined by theP14*^ of Westminster, K.G., the Bight Hon. W. Oovp6. Temple, Lord Henry Lennox, the Hon. 0. L. W'' Sir 0. Beckett, Q 0., the Dean of Bach ester, tbe D*, of Chichester, the Dean of Canterbury, Arcbdeacc Balston, Canon Moore, and by numerous artiste, & 1 tractors, and clerks of works who bac been a«soci» with Sir Gilbert in his many works. The proof*8' 1 thus formed, headed by the choir, the Dean, Canons of Westminster, slowly proceeded up nave, tbe choir the while singing the funeral antb* The p'<ll-bearers on each side the coffin Mr. Mitford, Secretary, representing the First 0° missioner of Works; the Eight Hon. Lord Manners, Postmaster-General; Mr. S. E. B.A., representing the President of th« Bov»l .« demy the President of the Boyal Institute of Architects; tbe President of the Society of Antiqu»r' > L and Mr. J. B. Beresford-Hop*, M P,, Jt the Achitectural Museum. The coffin was set f in the transept, where a portion of the impr*88'^ Burial Service was read, after which it was \< the grave, which is situated in the nave, 1mmedia;* in front of the pulpit, and close to the grave of Li*j stone. Here tbe concluding rites were perform^1 the Dean, and the remains of the eminent arcbi laid in their last resting-place. 'J.1.

SELLING LIQUOR WITHOUT A LICEN man was charged at the 01 rkenwell Polic«;c° flt with selling liquor in Sadler's Wells Theatre wi1 having a licence. It seems that gome kind 0 ^efi masqui was held at this place a few weeks since, the offence occurred. The raagis'rste remarked ill the circumstances of the case made it a very 3ne, and fined the defendant fifty pounds. aj THE DEATH IS ANNOUNCED of M. Jacquand, an historical and ginre painter, at 76.