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TO MOTHERS.

THB sTHANGE CLAIMANT; OR,…

MINIE; THE MISEK'S DAUGHTER.

[No title]

I LADIES' COLUMN.

USEFUL HINTS.

[No title]

VARIETIES.

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VARIETIES. Miosfe mm know what they hate, few what they love. There is no more implacable enemy than he who feels he has wronged you, and no more unhappy man than such an enemy. THE SABBATH.—The streams of religion in a country, or in an individual soul, run deeper or shallower as the banks of the Sabbath are kept up or neglected. ENVY.—To be envious is to punish ourselves for being inferior to our neighbours. If, instead of look- ing at what our, superiors possess, we could see what they actually enjoy, there would be much less envy in the world, and more pity. BE JUST AND TRUTHFUL.—Let those be the rrling and predominating principles of your life, and the reward will be certain, either in the happiness they bring to your own bosom, or the success which will attend upon all your business operations in life, or both. CHOSEN COMPANIONS.—Those persons who creep into the hearts of most people—who are chosen as the com- panions of their softer hours, and their reliefs from care and anxiety—are never persons of shining quali- ties v strong virtues. It is rather the soft green of tlu soul on which we rest our eyes, that are fatigaed with beholding more glaring objects. HAYDN'S PICTURES.—When the "Father of Sym- phony" died, among his effects there were found forty-six canons framed and mounted like engravings. They used to adorn the walls of Haydn's bedroom. Most of his friends knew of these, and also how they came to their hangings. "I was not," Haydn used to say, "rich enough to buy good pictures, so I made myself some tapestry such as every one I am sure cannot have."—From "Musical Anecdotes by Frederick Crowest. Recreation does not mean idleness, and it may mean labour. A wise man will so arrange his labours that each succeeding one shall be so totally different from the last that it shall serve as a recreation for it. Phy- sical exertion may follow mental, and then give place to it again. A man equally wise in all other hygienio measures, who could nicely adjust the labours of mind and body in their true proportions, might hope to attain old age with all his mental faculties fresh and vigorous to the last. V lDOCQ. One of the remarkable powers of the great French detective Vidocq was that of altering his height to about an inch and a half less than his ordinary stature. He proved this once to a friend. He threw over his shoulders a cloak, in which ho walked round the room. It did not touch the floor in any part, and was about an inch and a half above it. He altered his height and took the same walk, and the cloak then touched the floor and lay upon some part of it during the whole time. He next stood still and altered his height alternately to about the same extent. ENGAGEMENTS IN RUSSIA.—When a couple are en- gaged in Russia, a betrothal feast is held, and the bride elect has a lock of her hair cut off in the pre- sence of witnesses and given to the bridegroom, who in return presents a silver ring set with a turquoise, an almond cake, and a gift of bread and salt. From this moment the two are plighted; nor can the relatives break the match except with the consent of the parties themselves, which is signified by a return of the ring and lock of hair. So much importance is attached to the ring—at least in the north of Russia—that, among poor people who cannot afford silver and a turquoise, tin and a bit of blue stone are substituted. These betrothal rings are kept as heirlooms, but must not serve twice. WORK. DURING SLEET.—It has frequently happened that studious men have done really hard mental work while asleep. A stanza of excellent verse is in print, which Sir John Herschel is said to have composed while asleep, and to have recollected when he awoke. Goethe often set down on paper during the day thoughts and ideas which had presented themselves to him during sleep on the preceding night. A gentle- man one night dreamed that he was playing an entirely new game of cards with three friends; when he awoke, the structure and rules of the new game, as created in the dream, came one by one into his memory, and he found them so ingenious that he afterwards frequently played the game. A case is cited where a gentleman m hit sleep composed an ode in six stanzas, and set it to music. Tartini, the celebrated Italian violinist, composed the "Devil's Sonata" in a dream. Lord Thurlow, when a youth at college, found himself one! evening unable to finish a piece of Latin composition I which he had undertaken. He went to bed full of the subject, fell asleep, finished his Latin in his sleep, re- membered it next morning, and was complimented on the felicitous form which it presented. MEERSCHAUM MINES IN ASIA MINOR.—The most! extensive deposits of meerschaum in Asia Minor are about twenty-four miles south-east of the city of Eskischer, formerly Dorylea, the inhabitants of which, numbering about twelve thousand Armenians and Turks, are principally employed in collecting or deal- ing in this mineral. It is obtained down in the earth, j shafts or pits being sunk to a depth of twenty-seven! to thirty-three feet. Forty to fifty miners work in' one mine and form a company, dividing the profits I among themselves. The stones are generally irre- gular in shape, and vary greatly in size, being from the size of a nut to a square foot or more in bigness. I The largest pieces are the most in demand, and the I dearest. The mineral, when freshly dug, is of » yellowish-white colour, and covered about a finger thick with a red, greasy earth, so soft that it can bel cut with a knife. The treatment which the meer-! schaum must be subjected to before it is fit for export is very expensive and tedious. The pieces must first be freed from the adhering earth, and dried for five or j six days in the sun, or for eight or ten days in warm; rooms. The mineral is then cleaned a second time, and polished with wax. After this it is sorted into different grades, of which there are ten, and carefully packed with cotton into boxes for export. The stones lose two-thirds of their weight and volume in the; operation of cleaning and drying. The price depends: upon the demand. The largest quantity is sent to Vienna and Germany. EAST INDIAN THIEVES.—East Indian thieves are the most expert in the world. The quartermaster-sergeant of a regiment at an up-station was a very corpulent and heavy man. One night his house was entered by robbers, who not only cleared it of everything port- able that was lying about, but absolutely stole the very bed-clothes from under the fat sergeant and his sleeping family, without disturbing one of them. When they awoke in the morning, they were lying on the bare mattresses. This is a common trick with, East Indian thieves, and the way they manage it is this. The robber, before he enters a house or tent, first strips and anoints himself with oil, which is done i in order that, in case any person should be awoke and' seize the intruder, he may be enabled to slip like an eel from his grasp. Thus prepared, he creeps into the' dwelling as noiselessly as possible. The nights in! India are generally excessively warm and oppressive, I and the sleep of most people, although heavy, is uneasy and disturbed. Of this the thief takes advan- tage. He quietly crouches down close under the bed, I, and with a feather gently tickles the nose of the sleeper, who, half dozing, rubs it and turns on his couch. While he is doing this the sheet on which he is lying is withdrawn a little from under him by the I thief. When he is fast asleep again, a second appli- cation of the feather causes another turn, and a little more of the sheet is pulled away. The thief then goes! to the other side, and the tickling is continued until the sheet is completely withdrawn from under the; unconscious sleeper. The operation takes some time, but is always so nicely managed that there is no case: on record of the slumberer having been awakened while the robbery was going forward. ARISTOCRATIC GAMBLING.—I should tell you that! I had a good opportunity at Wentworth to observe the way in which the wealthy sons of the aristocracy pass their time. The young Lord Milton had invited some of his friends of about his own age, and keen in their love of horses, to visit him, and have some private races. Milton offered, among various prizes, a gold cup and a dessert set. Among the young men were the future Lord Scarborough and Lord De Mauley. They were all dressed as jockeys, with the cap, the close blue or red or yellow silk jacket, the leather breeches, and the white-top boots. I observed a strong habit with them all—a remark could not be made without an offer to support it by a bet. If they were walking in the garden, one observed on the dis- tance of a certain object, and straightway a bet was offered and taken with regard to it; and on one occa- sion the young De Mauley—who, besides being the heir of a peer and at present a member of the House of Commons, has just married one of the handsomest I women I ever saw in any country-offered to bet that he could run a certain distance within a given time.! The bet was taken, the ground measured; he took off his boots and coat and waistcoat, ran, and gained the bet. At cards, they were always disposed to make tbe sum played for quite high. I have found it universal in England to play for money; sober persons make the sum sixpence on each point—a term which I do not understand, though I have gained several points, as I have been told. I played one evening with Lord Fitzwilliam as my partner; and we won between ua about a pound, which was duly paid and received. Another evening, I played with young Scarborough and De Maulay and a clergyman. I then won, and the clergyman paid me five shillings. Now, I must confess that I have disliked all this very much. I do not fancy cards in their best estate—especially do I not fancy them when so nearly allied to gaming. I however, took my seat at the tables in order to make a set, and fell in silently and without any question with what appeared to be the received usage Indeed so strong is the custom in this regard as to give rise to another, which is quite different, I believe, from that In America. Among us, man and wife never are partners-are they P Here, as I heard Lord Fitz- william observe, they always are partners; because, otherwise, they would gain nothing: it would do a man no good to win from his wife.—f1 Memoirs and Letters of Charles 8*mnert" I Prosperity is a more refined and severer teft di character than adversity, as one hour of Summer sun- shine produces greater corruption than the longest winterday. Learning, like money, may be of so base a coin as to be utterly void of use; or, if sterling, may require good management to make it serve the purposes of sense or happiness. 1! ia .Tain to your finger in the water, and, pulling it out, look for a hole; and equally vain to suppose that, however large a space you occupy, the world will miss you when yon die. Kindness is one of the purest traits that finds a place in the human heart. It is part of our original constitution, implanted within us at the dawn of our existence by our Creator, with the command, Love one another." When a man thinks nobody cares for him, and he is alone in a cold and selfish world, he would do well to ask himself this question:— What have I done to make anybody care for and love me, and to warm the world with faith and generosity P" It is generally the case that those who complain the most have done the least. Too BAD.—When a child is endowed with that most excellent thing—a good memory—common sense should teach his guardians or instructors that he must be restrained from overtaxing it; yet we read that a certain lad, aged twelve years, repeated in Sunday school, without one blunder, five hundred and fifteen verses from the Bible. What makes the accomplish- ment of this feat the more remarkable is the fact that the poor child is usually employed during the day, and memorized these verses by the light of a fire built in his yard at night. It may also be mentioned that he has never attended any other than a Sunday school. Now the question is this: What purpose does such a gigantic strain upon memory serve P The precocious boy probably repeats his lesson as a parrot might, without m the least understanding that which he recites; whereas by thoroughly learning half a dozen verses, he not only understands what he learns, but reserves a useful faculty for profitable uses. MORAL COURAGE.—Have the courage to face a I difficuty, lest it kick you harder than you bargained for. Difficulties, like thieves, often disappear at a glance. Have the courage to leave a convivial party I' at the proper hour for doing so, however great the sacrifice; and to stay away from one upon the slightest grounds for objection, however great the temptation to go. Have the courage to do without I that which you do not need, however much you may admire it. Have the courage to speak your mind when it necessary that you should do so, and hold your tongue when it is better you should be silent. Have the courage to speak to a poor friend in a seedy coat, even in the street, and when a rich one is nigh. The effort is less than many people take it to be, and the act is worthy of a king. Have the courage to admit that you have been in the wrong, and you will remove the fact in the mind of others, putting a desirable impression in the place of an unfavourable one. Have the courage to adhere to the first resolu- tion when you cannot change it for a better, and to abandon it at the eleventh hour upon conviction. A RIGID DISCIPLINARIAN.—It is related of the late Duke of Wellington that he once unceremoniously visited the house of his friend, Lord Derby, and at the door was arrested by a young man who, not knowing who he was, ordered him to assume slippers—a number of these articles being placed on the door seat-or leave the house. Afterwards it was explained that the youth was a painter, and by the command of his employer was justified in his conduct, as he was engaged in decorating the centre hall. However, when Lord Derby heard of the circumstance, he summoned all the household and men at work into his study, and, seating himself beside the great warrior, demanded who had the impertience to push the duke out of doors. The painter, all of a tremble, came forward and said, It was I, my lord." And pray," rejoined the earl, how canu you to do it". By your orders, my lord." On this his grace turned round to Lord Derby, and, smiling, drew a sovereign out of his purse, and giving it to the astonished culprit, said, significantly, "You are right to obey orders." I HUMOUR AND SARCASM.—It is not everybody who knows where to joke, or when, or how; and whoever j is ignorant of these conditions had better not joke at alL A gentleman never attempts to be humorous at the expense of people with whom he is but slightly acquainted. In fact, it is neither good manners nor wise policy to joke at anybody's expense; that ie to say, to make anybody uncomfortable merely to raise 'I. a laugh. Old iEsop, who was doubtless the subject of many a gibe on account of his humped back, tells the whole story, in his fable of The Boys and the Frogs." What was jolly for the youngsters wu death to the croakers. A jest may cut deeper a curse. Some men are so constituted that they cannot take a friendly joke in good part, and, instead of repaying it in the same light coin, will require it with contumely and insult. Never banter one of this dasa, or he will brood over' your badinage long after you have forgotten it, and it is not prudent to incur any one's enmity for the sake of uttering a tart repartee. Ridicule, at best, is a dangerous weapon. Satire. however, when levelled at social follies and political evils, is not only legitimate, but ooBuamdaW It has shamed down more abuses than were ever abolished by force of logic. THE STRAWBERRY DANCE.—An annuaf Strawberry Dance is celebrated by the Onondaga Indiana. When the strawberries first begin to ripen, according to their pagan idea, a dance must be given to the Great Spirit for the return of fruit. The women go to the neigh- bouring hills, and gather the wild strawberries. The next morning the big succotash kettle is placed over the fire at the west end of the council house, and the strawberries, with some water and some maple {sugar* put into the kettle, and all stirred welL Whiie this is cooking, the time is whiled away by the Indian dances. One of the chiefs takes the turtle she! thia shell is^cured by a process known only to the redskins. The shell is carefully cleaned, and the head and p«ck stretched out for an handle, and some corn and beans put in the shell, so as to make a rattle. The chief shakes the rattle and strikes the bench with it, <4l the time chanting an Indian chant. The dancers, headed by the chief, dance around the musician, and tha dancers now and then give a whoop. Their women, and in many cases their children, take part in the dance. After the strawberries are cooked, and they feel that they have danced enough, they form a circle, and a cup of this strawberry stew is passed to each one. This, with a few Indian speeches, forma the Indian way of returning thanks for the fruits. DRIFT-WOOD IN THE POLAR SEAS.—Dr. Gregor Kraus, professor of botany at the University of WaTto, has sulriected a variety of samples of drift-wood- collected in the Polar Seas, to a minute microscopioal examination. Drift-wood abounds in the Arctic waters, and constitutes the only source of fuel for mariners in high latitudes, where there is no indigenous vege- tation. It has long been an open question where the drift-wood comes from. The belief was current among scientific men that the Gulf Stream, credited with so many almost miraculous powers, carries the produce of tropical soils up into the frigid zone encirdme the North Pole. Dr. Kraus has proved this beliefto be erroneous. He has examined no less than twenty-five samples of wood, collected at random, and all of are proved, by the structure of the cells, the CIOSCBOSI of the rings, and the species of wood, to be the produce of northern forests, probably the Siberian forests bordering upon the Polar Sea. Of the twenty-five Specimens, twenty-two were species of coniferous trees, principally larch; the remaining three were either willow, or poplar, or aspen. Now, these are precisely the varieties of trees composing the vast Siberian forests. Besides, as observed, the closeness of the rings, indicating slowness of growth, still further points to the fact that the wood is the produce of extreme latitudes.—Dr. Kraus'* Lectures. SCOTLAND ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO.—In another letter, the mighty Hunter writes of Mr. Longman, who was temporarily knocked up by Edinburgh life: "These Englishers will never do m our country. They eat a great deal too much and drink too little; the consequence is their stomachs give way, and they are knocked up of course." What used to be done "in our country," is not badly illustrated in the following incidents:—" The story is known to many of the Forfar laird, who, in returning on horseback from a convivial party* heard himself fall into the ford that he was crossing, and called out to his servant, •John, what was that played pùuhf and who on another similar occasion, when his hat and wig had been blown off, indignantly refused the latter when it was restored to him, exclaiming, 'John, this is no this IS a wat wigr until John rejoined, • J erVi, 4.W 0 111 Pitmossie muir!' and induced fcm to resume the dripping covering. It is told of the same worthy that once when so far gone that he could go no further, his hosts, in order to sansiy an uncontrolable homeward instinct, placed mm, whip in hand, upon a stone wall, with the faith- ful John behind him, who, after sufficient time had passed, assisted his master to dismount, and led him off unconscious to sleep away the effects of his carouse in a strange apartment."—Arch Constable'* Correspondents. DEATH.—They who have experienced a very severe and alarming illness, can, in some measure, realise what their feelings will be on the apprach of the king of terrors. They found the things of this world one after another, deserting them j-first, their com- mon amusements, their interest in the bustle of life; then a thousand long-cherished but foolish hopes; and lastly, even then (what to a creature standing on the borders of eternity becomes tasteless, wearisome), then the consolations of friendship. What remained ? A frightful void! or the love of God! and in that, all which cheers an angel's heart! Here is a sublime sight—a creature hovering between earth and heaven, unfit for the one, unacquainted with the other; incapable of holding any intercourse with the inhabitants of either world; hanging on the Supreme Governor of the universe alone for comfort.