The Cardigan Observer and General Advertiser for the Counties of Cardigan Carmarthen and Pembroke

LONDON CORRESPONDENCE.' UP to laat week—with the exception of the rival open-air demonstrations of Turcophils and Russophils in Trafalgar-square a short time ago—things had gone on pretty smoothly in London notwithstanding the wide divergence of opinion subsisting between the advocates of war and the friends of peace. But the Cannon-s ree Hotel meeting, called by the Cby Neutrality Com- mittee to protest against the vote of six millions for war purposes, and the meetings held at Peckham, Hampstead, and other parts of the metropolis afforded the occasion for scenes of tumult which indicated the extremely heated state of the political atmosphere. Indeed the disturbances at Cannon-street were came the length of a aerious riot, as heads were broken andoonaiderable damage dona to the internal of the hotel. It was not the ordinary class of rowdies who indulged in these playful freaks hut enthusiastic and respectable City men "as they were pronounced to be by Mr. W. A. Plunkett of Gutter-lane, Cheapside. The con- veners of meetings, which were turned into noisy tumults, should derive some benefit from these unpleasant experiences. It is Dot advisable, as common sense might teach, to hold meetings in hotels, town halls, or school- rooms at the very time when the question in dis- pute is being debated at length in the House of Commons. Parliament is all the better of being able to learn beforehand, through the medium of public meetings, what aide of any controversy is best supported by the opinion of the country; but it is certainly a mistake to add fuel to the mme of prevailing excitement when a great debate is in progress within the walls of St. The liveliest debates in Parliament are those when the succeeding speakers seem to reply to each other on the spur of the moment. But this can hardly be said, except in the case of some of the older and more experienced members of the House to have formed a prominent characteristic of the debate on the war vote. It may be re- membered that Lerd Granville, in the debate on the Address in the House of Lords, complained of tha Earl of Beaconsfield replying to observations of his which had never fallen from his lips-a circumstance which made it evident enough that the Premier, imagining what the leader of the Opposition was likely to say on the occasion, had prepared in advance a full outline of the points he intended to make in order to toe spared on the spot the excitement of extem- pore speech-making. The example of the Premier in this respect seems to have been largely fol- lowed in the course of the debate which began on the last day of January, and the remark just made applies to both sides of the House. One of the most eloquent of the spaeches delivered—that of Mr. P. J. Smyth-smelt strongly of the mid- night oil through its superabundance of fine phraseg. By the way, notwithstanding the trams of elaboration it bore, there was one sen- tence in this member's speech which be- trayed a remarkable confusion of metaphor. Was the Empire of India," he asked, a struoture so frail, a glittering pagoda without a pillar to support it, that a blast of liberating war from the Danube could send a tremor through every fibre ?" The" fibre of a pagoda has the advantage at all events of being a new oratorioal flight. These studied speeches, of which Mr. Smyth's is a specimen, may be regarded as indica- ting a falling-off in readiness and immediateness of debating power. The frequency with which references were made to the press in the war-vote debate may suggest a consideration whether It has not now attained an importance that entitles it to be reckoned as the Third, not the Fourth, Estate of the realm. The great enterprise shown by the proprietors of the leading metropolitan newspapers, in making use of the telegraph wires, irrespective ef expense, enables them to furnish early infor- mation which gives enlightenment to the members of the Cabinet as well as the members of both Houses of Parliament. The correspondents, who are specially employed for the purpose, show greater activity in picking up and transmitting important pieces of intelligence than either ambassadors or consuls. In Parliament it is not unfrequently a cause of complaint that such and such a thing has appeared in the news- papers, although Government has not condescended to supply any Information on the subject. It is( a great pity that, just at the time when the in- fluence and power of the press shew unmistakable signs of being on the increase, there should be found any connected with it so far left to them- selves that they permit their partisanship to obscure or pervert palpable facts. George Cruikshank, who died the other day at his residence in the Hampstead road, was the Hogarth of the nineteenth century. In 1863, when a "Crulkshank Gallery" was opened in Exeter Hall, there was exhibited a selection from his works extending over a period of sixty years, and as he may be said to have continued in harness ever since,he ought to be regarded, in more senses than one, as a worthy successor of the prinoipal limner who depioted, with characteristic touches, suggestive scenes in the contrasted careers of the idle and industrious apprentices. Hogarth's print of the execution of the Idle Apprentice at Tyburn was reflected, in a sense, in Cruikshank's etching of the hanging of bank-note forgers on the gibbet at N ewgate-, which etching had such a wonderful effect on the public mind thai the bodies of forgers were never again seen dangling in the air in the Old Bailey. Cruikshank had a most pro- lific pencil, and a full list of the illustrations he produced-whioh went through all gamuts of quality-would fill a portentous catalogue. Like David Wilkie he began his artistic life at a very early age; he might be said in fact to have been born with a pencil in his fingers, though not with a silver spoon in his mouth, and he continued at work up almost to the last. Sharp controversies he had in his time, owing to some defeats of character and disposition; but thia may well be forgotten now in the retrospect of his long, use- ful, and industrious oareer. An establishment for the preparation and sale of horse-flesh as an article of food is about to be opened In the metropolis. Two Rheima tradesmen, connected with a society which was founded in Paris in 1864, have come over for the purpose, and they first took the pre- caution of asking the permission of the Lord Mayor. His lordship, in replying, wished the experiment a fair trial and the sucoees it deserves, stating at the same time that no authority was needed to open a business in the hippophagio line. There appears to be an idea that, though the English population may feel repugnance to the idea of consuming horseflesh, there are foreigners enough in London, notably French men, to ensure the success of the new venture. The two Rheims purveyors, if they are well advised, should start their establishment in Leicester- square, where Frenchmen and foreigners most do congregate. The habitues of the Alhambra would thereby have an opportunity of being supplied with steaming horse-steaks for sapper, even at the risk of their dreaming afterwards of running away with the harrows. Frenchmen being fond of frogs, there is no earthly reason why they should not devour harse-flash with gusto when cooked to perfection by one of their own countrymen. But there are national repugnances to certain kinds of food which it is impossible to overcome; and there is reason to fear that native-born Londoners will shudder at horse-steaks just as much as the Scotch do at eel-pies. D. G.

DIVORCE CASE. í The case of Hume v. Hume, Nevard, Clare, and King came before the President and a special jury. The co-respondents were not represented by counsel. The petitioner at the first hearing prayed for a divorce on the ground of his wife's infidelity with the co re- spondents while she, in a cross petition, sought a divorce on the ground? of her husband's infidelity and cruelty. The jury fouud that the petitioner had not been guilty of infidelity, that he had been guilty of cruelty, butonly under great provocation, and they could not agree upon the question of the respondent's infi- delity. This verdict being unsatisfactory, they were discharged. The petitioner on ths occasion prayed as before for a divorce, while the respondent prayed for a judicial separation on the ground of cruelty, denying the infidelity. The petitioner and respondent were married in 1862, and lived happily for some time at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Richmond, Surrey, and Upper Norwood. Several children were born of the marriage. It appeared that in about two years the respondent became addicted to intemperance. She was sent to a sanatorium at Leicester, thence to Eastbourne to a doctor's estab- lishment, and finally back to her husband's house at Upper Norwood. As the manage- ment of the petitioner's ha use suffered much in consequence of her conduct, he engaged a Miss Ritchie to superintend it. With her he was charged with infidelity at the last trial. On this occasion, however, the charge was abandoned. Owing to some unpleasant occurrence Miss Ritchie left. The acts of infidelity were sworn to by the co-respondents, a builder, a cabman, and a bricksetter. At the sitting of the Court previous to Mr. McIntyre commencing to address the jury, an arrangement was come to by which the petitioner agreed to allow the respondent J6100 a year, and the jury, by consent, gave a verdict for the petitioner on all issues. The Court then pro- nounced a decree nisi.

AT A COUNCIL held by her Majesty at Osborne the Duke of Northumberland was sworn in as Lord Privy Seal, and Sir Michael Hicks-Beach as Secretary of State for the Colonies. By the last-mentioned appointment three out of the five Secretaries of State now have seats in the House of Commons, whereas up to the resignation of the Earl of Carnarvon, this proportion was possessed by the Lords. REDUCTION OF WAGES.—The movement for the reduction of wages has been begun by the manu- facturers of North and South Lancashire. The 5 per cent. proposition was finally abandoned some weeks since, but that now in vogue is 10 per cent. Circulars to that effect have been addressed to operative spin- ners, weavers, and card-room hands, fixing 10 per cent. as the basis of the reduction; but, in pursuance of the old resolution, masters will first meet representa- tives of the factory workers. The meeting will be held in the Exchange Hall, Blackburn. CeAOTOiNE. -The best cement for Broken Articles,6d., Is., 2s. Postage 2d. Kay Bros., Stoekport Sold every where. THE NEW MEMBERS.—Mr. James Stewart, of Garvoch, N.B., who has just been returned to Parlia- ment in the Liberal interest as M.P. for Greenock, in the place of Mr. J. J. Grieve, resigned, is the eldest son of the late Mr. James Stewart, by his marriage, with Joanna, daughter of the late Mr. Donald Shaw, and was born in the year 1827. He is a merchant and shipowner in the North of England and a magistrate for Ayrshire and Renfrewshire. He now enters Par- liament for the first time. Mr. Stewart has been twice married; first in 1855, to Margaret Parker, daughter of the late Mr. Duncan Darrock, and secondly, in 1868, to Margaret Sandilands, daughter of the late Mr. William Stirling, of Jamaica. As Mr. Grieve was a Liberal the return of Mr. Stewart leaves the political representation of the constituency unaltered. Mr. Charles Stewart Parker, of Fairlie, near Largo, Ayrshire, who was on Tuesday elected a member for Perth, in the place of the Hon. Arthur Kinnaird (now Lord Kinnaird), is the eldest son of the late Mr. Charles S. Parker, of Aigburth, Liverpool, by his marriage with Anne, eldest daughter of Mr. Samuel Sand bach, of Hafo- dunos, Denbighshire, and grandson of the late Mr. Charles S. Parker, of Fairlie. He was born in 1829, and was educated at Eton and at University College, Oxford, where he took the usual degrees, obtaining a Fellowship and First-class Honours. He was private pecrotary at the Colonial Office from 1864 to 1866, and subsequently one of the Special Commis- sioners for Public Schools, and a Commissioner for Endowed Schools and Hospitals in Scotland, and a member of the Royal Commission on Military Edu- cation. Mr. Parker is not new to Parliamentary life, having sat as M.P. for Perthshire in the last Parlia- ment. He was, however, defeated in the last general election by the late Sir William Stirling Maxwell. Mr. Parker's return leaves the representation of Perth unaffected, Mr. Kinnaird having been a Liberal. Lord Charles Bruce, who has just been returned for Marl- borough in tha "Moderate Liberal" interest in the plaee of Lord Ernest Bruce, now Marquis of Ailesbury, is the youngest son of Charles, first marquis, by his second marriage with Maria Elizabeth, youngest daughter of the late Hon. Charles Tollemache, and granddaughter of the late Countess of Dysart. He was born in the year 1834, and was formerly a captain in the 1st Life Guards. He is a magistrate for Wilts and Middle- sex, and captain in the Royal Wilts Yeomanry Cavalry. Lord Charles Bruce is not new to Parlia- mentary life, having represented the Northern Divi- sion of Wilts in the Parliament of 1865-74. He married in 1860 Augusta Georgiana Sophia, third daughter of the late Mr. Frederick Charles William Seymour. He is the 94th new member who will have taken his seat in St. Stephen's since the general elec- tion of four years ago, and his return on the present occasion leaves the political representation of the borough unchanged. WEIGHT'S COAL TAB SOAP (SapO Carbonis Detergent), Antiseptic, Detergent .Disinfectant. The most healthful, agreeable, and refreshing Toilet Soap in the world. ^By its daily use, freedom from infectious diseases is secured { the complexion improveil; pimples, blotches and roughness removed and the skin made clear, smooth, and lustrous. In our hands it has proved most effective in skin diseases." —TheLaneeL It is the only trueanriseptic soap."—British itedical Journal. In Tablets, 6d. an d is. each of all Che mists. W. V. Weip" ",«nd Co.. Southwirk-street. London. REWABDS FOB SAVING LIFE.—A large number of cases of saving life have just been brought under the notice of and investigated by this society, which has conferred its rewards in the following cases The society's medallion was unanimously voted to Robert Deane, for saving the life of a woman named Alice Geoghegan, who had accidentally fallen in the river Barrow, Kilkenny. The medallion was given to a boy of 14 named John Forar, for jumping into the canal at Clondalkin to the rescue of a young woman named Julia Lloyd; and also to Alfred Dick, for saving a woman and child who were in danger of drowing in the river Maerewhenna, Otago, New Zea- land, on the 19th of January last year. On the recom- mendation of the Lords of the Admiralty, a testi- monial inscribed on vellum, recording the services rendered and the thanks of the society, was awarded to Mr. Lawrence M'Carthy, boatswain, and William Blow, ordinary seaman, both of her Majesty's ship Valiant, for attempting to save W. G. Thomas, of the same vessel, who fell from the maintopsail yard, and striking the main rigging, fell into the water 300 yards from shore at Rathmullen, in October last, the tide running strongly at the time. KEATING'S COUGH LOZENGES contain no Opium, Morphia, nor any violent drag. It is the most effective remedy known to the Medical Pro. fession in the cure of Cocoas, ASTHMA, BRONCHITIS —one Lozenge alone relieves. Sold by all Cheans in Boxes. Is. 14d. and 2& 9d. each TRADE MARKS.—A Parliamentary paper has jus*; been issued showing that on the 24th of October last a declaration between Great Britain and the United States for the Protection of Trade Marks was signed by Lord Derby and Mr. Pierrepoint with a view to the reciprocal protection of the marks of manufacture and trade in the two countries. The agreement is as follows: The subjects or citizens of each of the contracting parties shall have in the dominions of the other the same rights as belong to native subjects er citizens, or as are now granted, or may hereafter be granted to the subjects and citizens of the most favoured nations, in everything relating to property in trade marks and tradelabels. Buttoentitle any person to the aforesaid protection itwill be necessary that ho shall have fulfilled the formalities required by the laws of the respective countries." We under- stand that owing to the difficulties experienced in registering all the trade marks in textile fabrics that it is not unlikely the time will have again to be ex- tended. Already the time for registering such trade marks has had to be extended twice by an amending Act of Parliament. The time limited by the Act of last session expired on the 1st ult.; but the Act of 1877 provides that an extension might be made by an Order in Council, thus saving the trouble and delay of seeking another amendiag Act. VOTE OF CONFIDENCE.—APPEAL TO THE COUNTRY.—OVERWHELMING MAJORITY.—The country having been appealed to, has, by a decisive majority, declared its confidence in the policy of the Willcox and Gibbs Sewing Machine Company in introducing their renowned "Automatic" Machine, and has estab- lished the fact that the "Automatic is the simplest, handiest, and most efficient sewing machine made. All who have not yet recorded their decisions, should do so at once and, that every one may have the amplest facilities for investigation, the Company offer to send their superb "Automatic" Silent Sewing Machine to anyone in the United Kingdom for a month s free trial at home, carriage paid. This trial involves no expense of any kind or obligation to buy. Lists post free. Apply to any of our certified agents, who may be found in all important towns, or to WILLCOX AND GIBBS, London (Oheapside and Regent- street). j

Wo have to announca with sincere regret the death MR.'GEORGE CRUIKSHANK. 1 of the veteran and famous artist Mr. George Cruik- shank, who gradually and painlessly sank during the day and expired at7 30p.m.on tbelatinat. George Cruik- shank, according to "Men of the Time," was horn in London, September 27, 1792 As the son of an able water-colour draughtsman and caricaturist, he bad an hereditary claim to some artistic gifts, which began to develop themselves at an early age, and after the death of his father, while still a youth, was employed to illustrate children's books and cheap editions of popular songsters. He had evinced a desire to ) follow art in the higher department, and attempted on one occasion to study at the Academy. The schools at that time were restricted in space, and much crowded. On sending up to Fuseli his figure of a plaster cast, the eccentric professor of painting returned the message, He may come, but he will have to fight for a seat." Thus discouraged, the young artist never repeated his attempt to enter the Academy as a student, although he has appeared in it as an exhibitor. He was afterwards engaged illus- trating with caricatures a monthly periodical callei The Scourqe, and another, The Meteor, which he pub lished conjointly with a literary man named Earle. From this time he supplied carricatures to nearly all the publishers of pictorial works, including the late Mr. Hone, whose political squibs he illus- trated with a happy vein of humour which bit the public taste. Among these tbe II Queen's Matrimonial Ladder," The Man in the Moon," and "Non mi ricordo," are perhaps best remembered. After this he occupied himself with the production of a series of plates to illustrate Life in London," with the object of warning young men against the consequences of what is called seeing life but the end and object of the artist were so completely mistaken by the perssn who wrote the letter-press that he retired from the work in disgust, leaving his brother Robert to finish the plates. This work attained great popu- larity, and was dramatised by Moncrieff and others. It was followed by "Life in Paris," and another serial entitled the "Humorist." His next etchings appeared in Grimm's series of German stories, fol- lowed by the Points of Humour," so often alluded to in terms of praise in Blackwood's Magazine. Among the more celebrated of his ludicrous productions about, this time were Mornings at Bow Street," Punch and Judy," "Tales of Irish Life," John Gilpin," "Tom Thumb," "The Epping Hunt," "Italian Stories," "Illustrations of Phrenology," Scraps and Sketches," My Sketchbook," and the plates in Sketches by BOI," in "Oliver Twist," in Jack Sheppard," in The Tower of London," in Windsor Castle," illustrations to the British Novelists," the Waverley Novels," Sir W. Scott's "Letters on Demonology, & the Fairy Library," the Loving Ballad of Lord Bateman," and The Life of Grimaldi." In 1842 appeared the first number Oruikshank's Omnibus;" the letterpress being edited by thelate Leman Blanchard. The principal part of the matter and the illustrations, of course, came from the fertile brain of him whose name the publication bore. He was always happy in his pictures of Jack Tars," as may be seen in his illustrations to Greenwich Hospital," by the Old Sailor." From the first he had shown a strong ten- dency to administer reproof in his treatment of in- toxication and its accompany vices. Instances of this tendency are to be found in his Sunday in London," The Gin Trap," The Gin Juggernaut," and more especially in his series of eight prints entitled, The Bottle;" the latter of which had eminent success, and was dramatised at eight theatres in London at one time. It brought the author into direct personal con- nection with the leaders of the temperance movement. As he had, moreover, become a convert .himself to their doctrines, he was one of the ablest advocates of the temperance cause. Of late years, Mr. Cruikshank had turned his attention to oil-painting, a branch of art in which he had so far educated himself as to make his pictures sought after by connois- seurs. Among the most important of his con- tributions to the exhibitions of the Royal Academy and the British Institution may be enumerated his illustrations of "Tam o'Shanter," "Ti- tania and Bottom the Weaver," "Cinderella," The Runaway Knock," Grimaldi Shaved by a Girl," ANew Situation," Dressing for the Day," and "Dia turbing a Congregation." The last-mentioned was painted for Prince Albert. To these may be added his "Fairy.Ring," The Merry Wives of Windsor," &c. His latest production in oil painting is a large picture entitled the Worship of Bacchus," which he exhibited to the Queen at Windsor in 1863. An engraving of this picture has been published in which all the figures are outlined by the painter, and finished by Mr. H. Mottram. Although this artist's employment through life had been sedentary, his recreations were all of an athletic character. He served in the ranks as a volunteer rifleman before he was 20 years of age, and for nearly eight years as Lieut.-Colonel of the Havelocks, or 48th Middlesex Rifle Volunteers. Mr. Cruikshank possessed dramatic talent, and had frequently taken part in amateur performances at the public theatres for benevolent purposes. Up to within a short time before the illness to which Mr. Cruikshank succumbed, he was in the enjoyment of excellent health, and notwithstanding his great age, worked as hard as ever at his profession. His demise will be lamented by a large circle of friends, and thoueands of the general public who have been ac- customed to see him attending temperance and other meetings for philanthropic purposes, and listening to his earnest and hearty advocacy of a good cause.

THE public endearments of new-married people are unwise as well as indecorous. No wise man counti, his coin in the presence of those who, for ought he knows, may be thieves. RUSSIA AND THE VATICAN.—Dr. Vaughan, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Salford, preaching at the opening of a new church at Ancoats, dwelt at length upon the oppression to which, he said, the Govern- ment of the Czar had subjected the Catholics of Russia and Poland. He read a memorial, enumerating fifteen grievances drawn up by the Vatican for pre- sentation at St. Petersburg, but which the Russian Ambassador at Rome had declined to forward, on the ground that "his Government was not in the habit of receiving a censure from anyone." They had now, said Dr. Vaughan, the spectacle of an aged Pontiff maintaining the rights of conscience and liberty against a despot who threatened the peace and even the liberty of Europe. KAY'S COMPOUND ESSENCE OF LINSEED, a. demulcent expeo. torant, for Coughs NQoldjL Sold everywhere, 9id., Is. lid. A DANGEROUS RUFFIAN.—At the Croydon Police-court, William Geal, a bricklayer, was commit- ted for trial on a charge of having assaulted and broken the leg of a gamekeeper named Dollin. The prisoner followed the gamekeeper and another man into a public-house, forced his company on them, and committed the assault complained of. On being ar- rested Geal used his feet and teeth freely, and kicked and bit one of the men who were helping the police. He has been only recently discharged from gaol after six months' hard labour for an assault upon the police. IAMPWUGH'S PYRETIC SALINE.—"Have it in your houses, and use no other," for it is the only safe anti- dote in Fevers, Eruptive Affections, Sea or Bilious Sickness, and Headache, having peculiar and exclu- sive merits. The Matter of the Rolls hat granted a perpetual injunction agaimt others using the name and trademark. Sold by all Chemists. THE MEDITERRANEAN FLEET.—According to latest advices, the ships constituting the Mediterranean Fleet were distributed as follows The Alexander and Agincourt (flag ships), Sultan, Hotspur, Research, Temeraire, Cygnet, Rupert, Salatnis, and Swiftsure were at Besika Bay; the Antelope and Flamingo were at Constantinople; the Cockatrice was at the Sulina mouth of the Danube; the Torch had sailed for Rodosto; the Condor was cruising n the coast of Syria, and the Pailas was ex- pected at Alexandria from Port Said. The other ships were undergoing repair at Malta. The Raleigh, which had been despatched in search of the Serapis, troopship, was ready for service, and the temporary refit of the Devastation was drawing to a conclusion. The Cygnet was also just out of the dockyard hands; and the BUtern was to be ready bv the 23rd inst. and the Helicon by the end of the month. The Achilles was also under repair, and it was thought that the Sultan would be ordered to Portsmouth to receive a new set of boilera. BERLIN WOOLS and GERMAN NEEDLEWORK.— The above are imported direct by M. LEADER, 9, NEW INN-YARD, SHOREDITCH, LONDON, B.C., from whoir price lists are sent, on application, of every deacrip tion of fancy wools, canvas, filoselle, &c. COLONIAL SYMPATHY.—The Mayor of Auok- land, New Zealand, in sending a contribution to the Lord Mayor for the Indian Famine Fund, writes: The amount is, of course, small compared with that forwarded by larger and more wealthy cities in the The amount is, of course, small compared with that forwarded by larger and more wealthy cities in the Australian colonies, but I am sure that it will be re- ceived as an evidence of that community of senti- ment which animates every part of the Empire, and which gives promise that whenever any great calamity —whether of famine or of hostile armament—may threaten the welfare of any portion of that Empire, the warm sympathy and vigorous effort of tbe British race throughout the world will respond with the force and potency of a united nation." The Lord Mayor in reply, said In this emergency the assistance of the colonies has been most kindly rendered and most practically valuable, and their action fully bears out your belief, that in any great calamity affecting the welfare of the British Empire, colonial aid may be most surely counted upon." THE only black crapes which really will not spot with rain are stamped rain-prqof, and a guarantee is attached to every piece. The black does not come off when wet.

WAR ITEMS. The St. Petersburg, newspaper Pravda is informed that Osman Pasha has received from-the Sultan 1000 hre. The allowance made to- the general by the Russian Government, which is calculated at the rate of 2000 roubles, or X225 per annum, Osman Pasha has refused. On his arrival at Kharkoff, the Turkish officers captured at Nikopoli waited upon him, but the Pasha gave them a "freezinglycold reception." His wound is progressing favourably. It is rumoured that an English comoany has ob- tained permission to construct a railway from Festh to oemlin, to join the projected Servian railway con- necticg Belgrade, Alexinatz, and Nish. From Nish head quarters great demands are being made on Belgrade for officials to meet the re- districts ^"ministration in the newly-occupied Great anxiety is felt regarding the disposal of the Bosnian and Herzegovinian refugees, of whom there 105,000 ir> Austria, 26,000 in Servia, and £ >u,uuu in Montenegro, 20,000 being under arms. Qnn N<WW CanQP has been formed at Erzingan, and omcers and non-commissioned officers are on their j ir ,mountain road for that place. Reis Mehmed, Eazim, Ghazi Mebmet, the son of Schamyl, Jidhem Pasha, and Hassan Pasha passed through the Russian lines during the night. ine Montenegrins, completing the conquest of the territory they have overrun, have planted batteries commanding the Boyana, cutting off Scutari from the sea. They have taken successively the Turkish island fortresses at the bead of the Lake of Scutari, • ng cappied, and Lesenkra surrendering, i 1™ i ai?s Vranjana on the north side of the laice. Another Montenegrin force occupies the line of e leveno River, cutting communications between Fodgontza and Scutari. Three serious engagements have been fought in ■, f The army under General Leschjanin has defeated the Turks at Guilana. General Beli- Sfnoi.J/ vr keen victorious at Petrova-Gora, and o-enerai iiorvatovitah on the lines of Radomir, and vu8 uP°n the Uskup road. By these battles a riri«eFV1wn8 ^ave obtained possession of all Old 6 • 0 has reached here of the armistice havmg been concluded. A special telegram to the Golos from Tiflis, dated i t that all the medical staff attached j al ponging to the 9th, 42nd, 43rd, 47th j ropol regiments, together with several ? io fho 8j "with typhus fever. In some hospi- -j-t-f?'1 c m^c kas stricken down everybody, from e °f Herey and hospital dressers to the pro- flT ™* S,' majority of cases are fatal. At Ale equally with Tiflis, the military hospi- tals are absolute peethouses, and in neither town is it easy to find a house free from disease. Typhus is spreading broughout the Caucasus and Armenia with such rapidity and deadliness that it has assumed the proportions of a pIague jObeleff announces that the fortifications of Adrianople are excellent, all being substantially face l stone, and provided with escarpements and counter scarps. it i8Fnot yet known ho £ many gun8 were un but it l8 g^jd to be more than twenty-six, thec £ Z"W^^nouiflsed. 3? ^^opoitchinsky has addressed a telegram £ Kherson, requesting hiia to have n ,u Pfovince nearly a million articles of warm clothing for the Russian army. The chief -of the Russian staff urges the utmost despatch in the fulfil- inent of this order. A contract has also been entered into between the chief of the Russian Intendance and Mr. Rodonaebi, a Greek merchant of Odessa, for the transport of 7000 tons of provisions from Yassy to Buchareat; The conveyance is to be effected solely by waggons in order to relieve the traffic on the Rou- manian railways, -i Au8t/it kaVln £ remonstrated at' St. Petersburg against the continued occupation of Bulgaria, the in- °u Servia and Montenegro, and theplacing or tne uapnbe under Russian control, the German Court is endeavouring to mediate between the two Eastern Powers. It should be understood, however, • uJ ♦ ?rtnan Government has not relinquished its 5 ai} active part in the contemplated altera- tion of the Paris Treaty of Peace. Warlike demonstrations are being made in all the towns of Greece. On the frontier, near Surpi, a com- bat has occurred in which the Turks fled into a monastery, where they are besieged. From the Drina it is reported that owing, to a t li? QSnoyj communications are interrupted and that tbe Servian troops there have at present no other food than biscuit. An official despatch received here from General Zimmermann, dated Medjidie, Jan. 28, gives details of his engagements with the garrison ef Bazardjik, and states that the Russians advanced right up to the fortifications of that town. On account of the thaw the roads were impassable, and the transport of sup- plies was rendered very difficult.. The Russians had no provisions, and also suffered from want of water. The Golos publishes a telegram dated from Kars, saying The Turks in Erzeroum are subject to most horrible sufferings. About 200 die daily from typhus fever alone. There are no provisions and no firewood in the place. Ismael Hakki Pasha is dying. The ) Turks have repeatedly offered to surrender, but insist upon the condition that the troops be allowed to leave with their arms. It is reported from Athens that a corps of 10,000 Greeks and many thousand volunteers havo crossed the frontier into Thessaly. The troops ) ave orders not to attack the Turkish forces. They are simply to prevent any massacres from taking place. This has been announced to the Turkish Minister at Athens, who does not, it is said, appear to consider it a suf- ficient cause for the rupture of diplomatic relations, as he is making no preparations to leave. I A hundred armed Circassians are to be seen about the streets of Constantinople w)th chalices from the churches, robes, horses, cattle, and other booty, which they are selling at absurd prices. No attempt is made to disarm them. They are as much distrusted by the Turks possessing property as by the Christians. The Turks recognise that they are powerless to maintain erder. Immediate steps ought to be taken by the Powers jointly to preserve order.

LONDON MARKETS. CORN, LONDON.—Owing to the announcement that the armistice harl been signed, the grain trade at Mark-lane been dull. There was a thin attendance. The supply English wheat was not large. Throughout b tsiness pro* gressed quietly, and the tendency of prices was in favour of buyers. Foreign wheat, of which a fair supply was on the stands, sold slowly, at previous quotations. Barley was moderate supply There was a slow trade at droopine cuf' rencies. Malt changed hands at late rates. As regardS oats a moderate supply was on offer. The trade was at previous prices. Maize was a dull market at last week*' quotations. Beans and peas were quiet at about late rateIH The flour market was dull, and quotations were weak. CATTLE (METROPOUTAN).—The cattle trade has ruled quiet and without feature. Supplies were not large, but still sufficient for the demand. The quotations were lIS follows:—Coarse and inferior oeasts, 4s 6d to 5s 001 second quality ditto, 5s 04 to 5s 6d; prime larg* oxen, 5s 6d to 58 10d; prime Scots, &c. 5s lOd to 6s Od; coarse and inferior sheep, 58 fid to 6s Odl 3econd quality do., 6s Od to 6s 6d; prime coarse woolled. 6s 10d to 7s Od; prime Southdown, 7s Od to 7s 2d I lambs. Os Od to Os Od; large coarse calves, 5s Od to 68 Od; priof small ditto, 6s Od to 6s 6d; large hogs, 3s bd to 4s Od; iØaJ small porkers, 4a Od to 4s 8d per 81b. to sink the offal. MEAT (METROPOLITAN).-With an unfavourable change in the weather the trade has not been so good. Inferior beef, 2s 8d to 3s 4d; middling ditto, 3s 6d to 4s 4d; priog large ditto, 4s 6d to 5s Od prime small ditto, 5s Od to 5s 4d; veal, 5s 4d to 6s Od; inferior mutton, 3s Od to 3s M; mrdd- ling ditto, 4s Od to 4s 4d prime ditto, 5s 4d to 6s Od pork, 3s Od to 3s 8d small ditto, 4s 4d to 4s 6d; and lattw Os Od to Os Od per 81b by the carcass. GAME AND POULTRY.—Widgeon, Is 3d to Is gdt woodcock, 3s 6d to 4s 6d; wild ducks, 2s Od to 2s 3d; leverets, 2s 9d to 3s 3d; conies, Is Od to Is 9d ducklings* 3s Od to 4s 6d; dueks, 2s Od to 3s Od; teal. Is tit 2s Od; plovers, 9d to Is; golden ditto, Is 4d to Is 8d; pheasants, 3s Od to 5s Od; capons, 6s Od to 8s Od; chickens, 2s Od to 3s Od; pullets, 5s 6d to 8s Od; haunches of venison, 128 oil to 20s Od each; fore-quarter of ditto, od to 9d per lb.

CAPTAIN BOYTON ON THE TAGUS.—DURING his swim up the Tagus, Captain Boyton was compelled to stop twenty-four hours at the village of Puebla dO Montauban, in order to repair his dress, which had become torn. He has been everywhere well received by the villagers. Captain Boyton was to continue hit voyage without his boat, which he had sent back to Madrid. KAT'sTic PILLS, for Neuralgia,Faceache, &c., 94d., Is. lid Postage Id. Sold by all Chemists. Kay Bros., Stoekport THE VOLUNTEERS.—The results of tile vieWO arrived at at the conference of officers of the regulsj army and volunteers, held at the Boyal United Service Institution, to consider the "requirements of the force, have now been forwarded to tbO War Office, and it is anticipated that the attentio" of the Government will shortly be directed to tlJl urgent necessity which exists for placing the forco on an established footing, by proper organisation and equipment, so as to render it what it aims at being-a thoroughly reliable auxiliary to the aroll Since the matter was first taken up by 001. Howard Vincent, who has devoted much time sAd attention to it, suggestions from all parts of th' kingdom have been received bearing on the question and in some of the large counties meetings have held and resolutions carried, the substance of which embody the general idea of the wants of the force e** pressed at the conference. Theto appear to be-I. The necessity of an increase in the capitation grant. 2. The necessity of additional Government assistant in the formation of camps. 3. That funds for thO, building of drill o^ieda should be advanced by GoverO^ mert. 4. That rifle ranges in each locality should bØ provided by Government; and 6, that the force should be armed with the same weapon as the regular army* At the same time that these concessions are asked for, it is generally agreed that the volunteers will be willing to have the terms of efficiency extended. A PUBLIC-HOUSE BURGLARY FRUSTRATED. At Marylebone Police court, London, Walter SWithl 14, Charles Newport, 21, and Charles Whelburn, 17, were charged, on remand, before Mr. Mansfield, witØ conspiring together to burglariously break into an<i enter the Albert Edward public-house, Bolton St. John's-wood, and with intent to steal tberefroo1* It appeared that the prisoners Newport and WhelbutØ lived in the mews at the back of the on the night of the 24th ult. tLt-y left the house accompanied by a man named Fo^den, after having had something to drink there. As they were home Fogden heard Newport remark, I have him away under the settle in the tap-room, and put tWo scuttles and a board in front of bim." Fogden went doors, and subsequently he heard the words repeated* He thereupon told Newport and Whelburn that should go and tell the landlord what had been said. Newport answered, For God's sake don't, > you will get us all into a bother." Fogden went round and called up the landlord, and the pr" softer Smith was found concealed in the tap-roof' When asked what he was doing there he replied th., he was going to sleep there. A constable was seøfi for, and Smith was given into custody, and he told the officer that he had been put into the house b1 Newport and Whelburn, whom he was to have let The prisoners, who declined to say anything in aDB"et to the charge, were committed for trial. THE MAN who enters into the enterprise of Manufacturing Aerated Drinks, in any district where they are require renders a real service to the public, and no business o him a better return for a comparatively small omtlay. T" those who propose investing in this lucrative business, first object is to ascertain" herè such a district, exists, the next for success is to have the proper Machines and Appji* ances for producing the different Waters in the best condi" tion.—Catalog a e and all information sent upon receiptoI six stamps to Barnett, Son, and Foster, 21A, Forsto*" street, Hoxton, London, N. THE NORTHUMBERLAND PITMEN.-The strike of the Northumberland pitmen still continues. Inttf views were held between the masters and deputa" tions from the men last week, but with no satisfactory results. A meeting of the Northumberland Btea.Ø1 Coalowners* Association was held in Newcastle-on* Tyne on Saturday to consider the suggestion from the Executive Committee of the Miners' Association th** the 2^ per cent, difference between the parties be submitted to an umpire. It was resolved to refuIØ j to accept the suggestion, the owners being convinced that the state ot trade was such as to demand the fid* | reduction asked by them. Earl Grey, writing to the Newcastle Daily Journal, urges upon ,miners a settlement of the present disastrous j strike, urging the unreasonableness of the supposition that the colliery owners are insisting upon the reduC" tion of wages merely to obtain a higher rate of profit since it is plain that they are losing more by the pito being kept closed than the difference between any possible increase of profits they may derive froul lower wages. He also points out that the men, b1 loss of wages during the strike, are sacrificing roore than they could gain even ii they were to force th* colliery owners to grant the wages they are standing out for. Earl Grey encloses. letter which he baa: written to Mr. Burt, M.P., seer tary of the Minert Association, in which he strongly recommends the men to accept the inevitable. He states that, accord' ing to his information, several ships which had coØle to the Tyne for cargoes of coal, being unable obtain them, owing to the stoppage of the pits, been obliged to go to Cardiff, where they had S° them at Is. 6d. a ton less than the price of the TYvel and had found that ten tons of Cardiff coals equal to eleven tons of those from the Tyne, therefore sold better in the port to which they taken. Still, he says, ships would probably continue to come to the Tyne for coals, because the freightS gained by cargoes brought there might make up fot the other disadvantage; but everything will depend upon their being able to obtain an abundant and cheap supply. Lord Grey, at the same timf, compliment the miners on their orderly and good behaviour during ihe strike. EXECUTION AT MANCHESTER.—Pigotfc, whO was found guilty of the murder of Florence Galloway* at the Manchester Assizes last month, has })eeJ1 executed in that city Marwood was the executioner. Tbe culprit walked to the scaffold with a firm step' but sobbed very bitterly while the noose was adjusted' and repeated hurriedly several prayers. The dr^P was LODG—eight feet—and when tbe bolt was dra*' death seemed to be almost instantaneous. Pigott b been very docile during his incarceration, and attended attentively to the ministrations of the testant chaplain. The execution was witnessed by reporters and as many warders. bS KAY'S COMPOUND ESSENCE OF LINSEED,for oures 9 oases out of 10. Sold everywhere. SHd., Is. li<»«

THE WAR. j THE RISING IN GREECE. j It is announced from Athens that notwithstanding the signature of the armistice the Greek Government is resolved to carry out its programme. It has addressed a note to the Powers in which it states its reasons for occupying Thessaly. The Minister for Foreign Affairs has explained to the Turkish Minister at Athens that Greece, has no intention of declaring war against Turkey, but simply desires to protect Greek subjects. Meanwhile Hobart Pasha has been sent with the'Turkish fleet to the Greek coast. The town of Dornoco, in Thessaly, has been taken bv the Greeks, 150 of whom were killed. ANXIETY AT ST. PETERSBURG. The St. Petersburg correspondent of the Tint's, dating the 4th inst., says: The cessation of hostilities has produced here more anxiety than rejoicing. We have received no additional information regarding the preliminary conditions of peane but the general belief is that they are very vague, and that, conse- quently, ail depends on the way in which the details will be elaborated. This work, it seems, is to be in great measure intrusted to a European Congress, in which there will, probably, be very serious differences of opinion. Until lately it was assumed that the chief obstacles to a satisfactory arrangement would come from London, but now it is believed that the most serious opposition will emanate from Vienna. With regard to the Straits, the onlv matter in which England seems to be deeply interested, Russia is inclined to be conciliatory; but with regard to the Slavonic tribes, for whom the war was undertaken, she must consider, it is said, her own honour and aims, as weil as the real or supposed interests of Austria. The calling out of reserve battalions, which was recently regarded as a reply to Lord Beaconsfield, is now regarded as a hint to Count Andrassy. The Government maintains extreme re- serve with regard to the situation, but the popular faith in the unanimity and strength of the Triple Alliance has been shaken. Austria is believed to have completely changed her attitude, and even about Ger- many serious doubts are entertamed. The. consequence of all this is a curious change in public feeling. Ten days ago the firmness displayed in insisting on a separate peace with the Porte was universally praised, and the careful concealment of the preliminary con- ditions was highly commended. THE BASES OF PEACE AND THE ARMISTICE SIGNED. The bases of peace and the armistice were signed at Adrianople on Thursday, the 31st of January. The order to suspend hostilities was to be despatched at once. According to a telegram from Constanti- nople the conditions of the peace preliminaries- six in number-are as follows: "I. The estab- lishment of a Principality of Bulgaria. II. The payment of a war indemnity or a territorial compensation. III. Independence of Roumania, Servia, and Montenegro, with an increase of territory for each of the Principalities. IV. Introduction of reforms in Bosnia and Herze- govina. V. Ulterior understanding between the Sultan and the Czar on the question of the Straits. (This, as already announced, Russia has given up.) VI. Evacuation of certain fortresses by the Turks." According to another telegram, the fortresses re- ferred to are those on the Danube, and also Erze- roum. RUSSIAN POLICY. The.Agence Russe publishes an article which, after confirming the news of the signature of the armistice and the acceptance of a Conference by Russia, repre- sents that all the acts of the St. Petersburg Cabinet tend to prove that the constant object of Russia's efforts in the interest of the work of civilisation and humanity has been to preserve the collective action of Europe. In carrying out this work," proceeds the article, Russia has assigned the chief parts to the Powers most directly interested, namely, to England and Austria, a. fact which is proved by the Berlin Memorandum and the mission of General Soumarokoff to Vienna." In conclusion, the article says The twofold object -of the Waf—the liberation of the Christians and the consolidation of peace—being as much a European as a Russian interest, it is natural that Russia should wish for the collective action of Europe, since this confirmation is necessary in order that the new state of things obtained by the profuse expenditure of Russia's blood and treasure may receive the sanction of Europe." DECLARATION OF WAR BY GREECE. According to a telegram from Athens, the followin.g official announcement has been made: "The Hellenic Government, moved by the sufferings of the Greek provinces of Turkey, has given orders for an army Of 12,000 men to cross the frontier to-morrow mornicg and occupy Thessaly, Ed Epirus, and Macedonia, for the purpose of maintaining perfect public order and preventing massacres of Christians." The Obamber of Deputies has voted the war supplies of 10,000,000fr< to be raised by a loan covered by the National Bank. DESTRUCTION OF A TURKISH STEAMER BY TORPEDOES. Adjutant-General Ankas states that the Ruisian steamer Oonstantine left Sebastopol on the 22nd uIt. to cruise along the Caucasian coast and in the neigh- bourhood of Batoum, and arrived on the 24th ult- at Soukhum-Kal6, after having experienced a severe storm. On the night of the 26th she approached Batoum, where the Turkish squadron, consisting of seven large vessels, was stationed. Captain Maraltoff, the commander of the Oonstantine, despatched tWO torpedo boats, armed with Whitehead torpedoes, under the command of Lieutenants Sazarenny anC* Steschinsky. to attack the Turkish ships. They sent two Whitehead torpedoes against the screw steamer, which was ketping watch; and OaptsIn Marakoff announces that these torpedoes shattered the vessel, causing her to sink almost immediately. The broken spars and debris were seen floating about on the surface of the water. The cutters were unable to save the Turkish crew, and returned to the Constan- tino, which then proceeded along the coast towards Sanasun, and afterwards returned, as instructed to Sabastopol on the 28th ult. THE CAPTURE OF SOFIA. A correspondent of the Times at Belgrade, writhe on January 31, says: Ali Pasha, with five battalions, having intrenched himself in a defile, was drawn into several engagements with the Russian vanguard, in one of which he captured from his assailants two guns, afterwards burying them. When, however, the Mus- covites took Kamarli, the Turks, fearing to have their retreat cut off, retired to Sofia, pitching their camp around the town, which at that time boasted a garri- son of 20,000 men. Their pursuers, being then only some six miles distant from 0rkhahi6, sent out swarm8 of Cossacks and other light cavalry, who galled the Ottomans in their encampment. At last, deeming themselves unequal to the defence of the place against the superior forces of their enemy, the Turks resolved on burning the town and retreating. The evening before this. determination was carried out, General Gourko had sent parlemmtaires to the Turkish army demanding the surrender of the forti- fication, That same night the Turks destroyed the large stores of provisions they had massed there aAd set fire to the Austrian hotel. Different parts of the town being in flames, the Otto- mans fled, leaving of their countrymen in the hos- pitals only those who were lying seriously wounded and incapable of flight. The Christian inhabitants Reaped massacre only because the Circassians, Zebecks, and Bashi-Bazouks, stricken by panic, had hastily taken leave the day previously. The d.ay fpllowmg the general Ottoman flight the Rus- ftons entered the town and found the inhabitants busily engaged in trying to extinguish the confla- gration. General Gourko personally inspected the hospitals, finding them deserted by their staff and servants, and that the poor inmates had been languishing for two days without food. The fate of the Mahomeda^s who abandoned the burning town Was, however, no less terrible. Many fell dead on the roads, frozen or famished. There remain in the hospitals about 1000 Turks, who are carefully attended to both by the Russian and Ottoman doctors, the latter being kept aa. prisoners of war. Lady Strang- ford is herself in Sofia, alleviating the, misery of ItaTahs and Mahomedans alike. The French and Austrian Consuls are also in the town protecting the subjects of their respective countries. THE RUSSIAN NAVAL FORCE A Cronstadt correspondent writes, under date January 22, as follows: The Russian naval force in- tended to act in the Sea of Marmora has been taken from the brigade on the Danube, and is proceeding towards the scene of action by the Scbipka route. The torpedoes are being taken vi& Sofia, to- gether, rumour says, with several cutters from SiBtova, but this, latter intelligence I cannot Vouch for the accuracy of. My Own impres- sion is, that the transport of small steamboats would be a work of too great difficulty unless, indeed, their conveyance across the Balkans could be assured of, in which case they could steam up the Yantra, or if the river be frozen over be conveyed on sledges on the ice to the Ipse of the mountains, and on the other side they Could easily steam down the river Tunja to within the necessary distance of Rodosto. This would be a work of immense diffi- culty, but in the last few weeks the Russians have overcome such insuperable obstacles in the Balkans, and are fr6m the nature of their country 80 familiar with transport across execrable roads under the most trying circumstances, that it would not be safe to disregard the rumour now circulating in Oronstadt. The alternative project of sending the torpedo flotilla across the Black Sea from Odessa is the one which appears to me from what I hear more likely to be adopted. The dis- tance from the Crimea to the Roulllelian coast is not greater than a war steamer could accomolish I in twenty-four hours, and the experience of the last few months shows us how easily the Russian cruisers can evade the Ottoman blockade. The despatch of torpedo boats will take place as soon as the Russians reach the Sea of Marmora, and the com- mander of the naval force will then organise a volun- teer flotilla from among t)-r Christian population living on the littoral of Roumelia. An opinion pre- vails that the whole of the Danube and part of the Odessa naval brigade will be sent to operate in the blocking up of the Dardanelles. AFFAIRS AT ERZEROUM. The limes special correspondent at Erzeroum has the following, under date Jan. 15th: We have been completely surrounded since the 4th inst. The Russians have concentrated about 25,000 men in the plains, and occupy a space of forty-two miles, stretch- ing from Hinsk to the north as far as Pirnakaban to the west. A nephew of Loris Melikoff has arrived at the village of Ilidja by way of Tekman. The [Russian irregulars are molesting tha innocent popula- tion. General Heimann commands tbe plain of Erze- roum. On the 4th of January Ismail Pasha ordered a sortie under the command of the Circassian, oussa- Pasha, but the skirmish which resulted was unim- portant. On the 11th inst. a Russian detachment advanced from Ilidja upon the village of Taurdji, three miles to the south-east, and endeavoured to place in position several twelve centimetre guns upon the heights commanding Fort Kremedli, but were prevented by a Turkish sortie and a heavy cannonade. The Russians occupied the village of Touzelji and molested the inhabitants. On the 12th of January a Turkish officer bear- ing a white flag passed through the lines of the enemy and entered Erzeroum. He delivered to Ismal Pasha a telegram from Constantinople announcing the cessation of hostilities. Not- withstanding this, however, the Russians con- tinue to concentrate their troops. Typhus fever is raging here, the number of deaths being nearlv 250 daily. Our hospitals are overcrowded, there being 10,000 sick and wounded. The cold is intense and fuel is scarce. The inhabitants are in great misery, and victuals are hardly to be had, even at fabulous prices. HORRIBLE SCENES ON THE RAILWAYS IN TURKEY. Tke special correspondent of the Standard at Con- stantinople has the following: I have just seen Colonel Blunt, who has been engaged at Tchorlou since the 12th ult. in relieving the refugees. Be assures me that since the 12th ult. 1093 railway vaggons, carrying at least 55,000 refugees, have passed through Tchorlou. This is wholly irrespec- tive of vast numbers of refugees who have travelled by the common road on foot, or on arabis- He says that the misery of the refugees baffles every^ attempt to relieve it. The waggons are so ciowded that little children are frequently trampled to death in them and found dead on the arrival of the train at the station. The roofs of the closed carriages are covered with refugees, and little children roll off them into the snow. Planks are stretched across the buffers, and refugees sit thereon, in great peril of being thrown off. The iron crates tor luggage which swing beneath the carriages are filIld with prostrate refugees, who become so cramped with cold that they cannot be moved at the stationo, and have to be fed through the bare of the crate. In one crate Colonel Blunt saw fifteen persons, one of whom had died on the road, but the rest were so cramped and jammed together that the dead. body could not be separated from themselves by the living. When a train stops the refugees dare not leave the waggons for any purpose, for fear of losing their places, and the fearful condition of the carriages and passengers after a journey of three or four day is indescribable. Many women have been so maddened by misery that they have killed their children some have been seen to place their children on the rails in front of the advancing train. At the bridge of Mour- ratlekesel Kupru many women were seen to throw their children from the train into the river. At Tchorlou Station a woman was seen to kneel down by v 8i. mu ■rain and her two children to the heart. Ihe railway guard who saw them being mur- dered, and in vain shouted to her to stop, reports that when he came to her she declared that she had killed her children so that they might never know such misery as she was enduring. All the horrors that we read of in accounts of famous ancient sieges and wars are being repeated now.

PARLIAMENTARY INTELLIGENCE. i THE VOTE OF CREDIT.—On the motion to go into committee on the Vote of Credit, Mr. Forster moved his amendment that the conditions upon which the neutrality of the British Government was founded had not been infringed. He contended that it was unconstitutional to vote a sum of money without knowing in detail for what it was wanted. He also commented upon the political significance of tho vote. It implied that the Go- vernment considered the terms of peace unsatisfactory; but there was nothing in them to justify an appeal to arms. As a Vote of Confidence, what had i aiipcaed since Parlia- ment met, so far from inspiring confidence, had made Ministers the laughing stock of Europe. Mr. Cr "8 said th9 money was necessary for the purposes of the country, and the Government asked for it with the un- derstanding that it was not to be expended un- necessarily. He vindicated the recent action of the Govern- ment, and said there was still no certainty when peace would be arrived at; but all Ministers cared about was that England should have a bond fide voice in the settlement. The object of the proposal before the House was that Eng land should appear in the forthcoming European Con. ference in sitCh a position that her voice might be heard in no uncertain tones. Sir W. Lawson challenged the Government to dissolve Parliament aud appeal to the country. Mr. Hardcastle charged Mr. Gladstone with having treated this question as a quarrel between himself and Lord Beaconsfield. Mr. Laing advocated the erection of Greece into a kind of Southern Belgium. Sir J. Hay regretted the recall of the fleet from the Dardanelles. Mr. E. Noel inquired whether the Government still desired the integrity and independence of the Turkish Empire; and Mr. Feresford Hope deplored the party prejudice displayed by the Opposition. Mr. Bright gave to the Government as a whole the credit of wishing to avoid war, and of having refused to be influenced by its partisans in the press. But it was strange that the first menaace of war should be made at the moment when peace was in view; and it would be madness to enter now upon a cor.tl.iat with Russia when Turkey, our only ally, was vanquished and prostrate. There was nothing in the terms of peace to alarm this country. We had no further intere, t in maintaining Ottoman rule; and the policy he advocated would result in a lasting friendship wit i one of the greatest Jampires on the globe. Lord Sandon thanked Mr B.ight for having relieved the Ministry from1 he im- putation of representing a war party, but protested against a piecemeal treatment of the question. As to the vote before the House, if it were refused Europe would be misled as to our intentions, and the pro- bable effect of such a misunderstanding would be to pre- cipitate war. The wise course, then, was to pass this vote, which would have peaceable results. The debate was, on the motion of Mr. Trevelyan, adjourned. THE ADJOURNED DEBATE.—In the House of Commons the debate on the Vote of Credit was resumed by Mr. Trevelyan, who looked upon it as a war vote, and was not so satisfied with the answers of the Government had given as to tru t them. Sir R. Peel denied that it was anything more tLan a vote of credit, and looked upon the amend- ment as an ungenerous attempt to embarrass the country and to discredit and throw dirt on the Government of the Queen. In the opinion of Mr. Lowe the vote was abso- lutely without precedent, and it was an abuse of the powers of Government to submit such a proposition. The policy and conduct of the Government were justified by Sir J. Kennaway, who contended that instead of the amend- ment the opposition should have the courage to propose a vote of want of confidence. Mr. O. Morgan could not believe that the country approved of the vote. Mr. Balfour urged that rejection of the vote would be a declaration of want of confidence in the Minis- try. Mr. Cartwright gave as his main reason for opposing th3 vote that he could discover ne sign of any concert between the Government and the European Powers. The origin of the war w is ascribed by Mr. Bentinck to the agitation got up by an ex-Minister in search of a political cry. He supported the vote, believing that it involved the honour of the House and of the country. Mr. P. Sm) th condemned the vote. Mr. Bourke repeated what were the objects of Ministers in asking for the vote and their policy in regard to the affairs of South-eastern Europe. He denied that there had been a breach of neutrality in sending the fleet into the Dardanelles, and with regard to the vote said that it was neither a war vote nor a paper vote, but essen- tially a peace vote, and that the efforts which the Govern- ment had made in support of peace sufficiently proved that they were not a war Ministry. Mr. Goschen re- minded the House that in Thursday's debate they were asked to vote this supplementary estimate because the Russians were advancing from point to point upon Constantinople, and complained that no information had since been vouchsafed as to whether, if the armistice was signed, it would influence one whit either the opinions or the conduct of the Government. He then criticised the speech of the Home Secretary, whom he rebuked for having stated that there was a lying spirit abroad, and that an evil splnt. more difficult to discover lurked in toe amendment of Mr. Forster. Than this, he felt, that a more offensive or un- parliamentary phrase could not be used. For his part, he was as desirous as any one that England should speak with a strong voice at the Conference. But the question was what constituted real strength, whether this sham paper vote or the knowledge by all Europe that they went in to siipport a policy that was approved by the country. If it were the latter, then the country would be prepared to vote, not six, but sixty millions if it were required. Sir M. Beach, who rose at half an hour past midnight, taunted the Opposition with the unconstitutional course of appealing to mass meetings, in order, if not to overcome, at any rate to bias the decisions of the House of Commons, though the monster they had roused had turned upon themselves. The Government asked for this vote, in order that the country might be placed on an equality with other Powers in the approach- ing European concert; and if the House granted it they believed that it would be the best means of securing that the money would never be spent. In fact, if a policy of peace was desired they would obtain it more surely by supporting the Government in what they proposed than by aiding a miserable inaction that would cause our enemies, if we bad any, to despise us, and our friends, of whom we had many, to distrust us. On the motion of Mr. Gladstone the debate was adj mrned. THE TEBMS OF PEACE AND THE ABMISTICE.—The Marquis of Hartington asked the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether he was in a position to give the House any expla- nation in reference to the terms of peace and the armistice, which are said to have been concluded between the Russian and the Turkish Governments. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in reply, said the only authentic infor- mation we have on the subject is contained in a despatch from the Foreign Minister at Constanti- nople to the Ottoman Ambassador in this country: and which the Ottoman Ambassador communicated to Lord Derby. It is a despatch, Constantinople, Feb. 3," and it states that the Turkish plenipotentiaries have signed, on the 31st January, with the Grand Duke Nicholas, the pro- tocol of the bases of the peace and the armistice. His Im- perial Highness has promised to the plenipotentiaries to transmit to the commanders of the Russian army orders to suspend hostilities, and we have given orders in the same sense to our commanders in Europe and Asia. That is the only information we have received. It is, however, so far satisfactory in the fact conveyed-that an armistice has been concluded, and the effusion of bleed stopped. THE VOTE OF CREDIT AGAIN ADJOUBNED. -In the Commons the 'adjourned, debate on the Vote of Credit was resumed by Mr. Gladstone, who remarked unon^the change that had come over the question since "fBe pro- position of the Government was made and vindicated himself from the unputatiMt of havMtg" been actuated by personal motives in reference to this question. The vote was not intended-to vindicate otufNMttratity.a.nd it was not necessary to atop the RussinTL-advedaeuv, for that had been^one by the armistice. He did not demur to strengthening the hands of the Government, but for what purpose were they to do it P If the Government were going to take a step ip the direction of war; that step should be a real one. This was an attempt to associate arms with ne- gotiation, and was radically bad, both as a precedent and with reference to the interests of peaoe. He suggested that the Government should withdraw or postpone the, vote, and invite both Houses to present to the Crown an address, setting forth that they were desirous unitedly to support the action, of. the Government in. the- councils of Europe. Mr. Hardy defended the Government from the charge of encouraging Turkey in the conflict with Russia, and declared that it was Mr. Gladstone's followers who had encouraged the Porte to prolong the war. Par- liament had been convened in the interests of peace, and he believed that the vote would materially contribute to that end. He protested against the' attempt to stop the supplies, and prevent the Go- vernment from dbinj7 what they considered for the interest of the country. The bases of peace conveyed to his mind but the vaguest Idea of what was intended, and he could not safely say that they were fully estab- I lished. The object of Ministers was to obtain for the south-east of Europe a durable and solid peace. The work of Construction must follow, and that Would, be a task so infinitely difficult that any impedi-1 ment would produce results that would be felt in this country for centuries to come. He preferred to look these 11 difficulties, in the face than to put them off to an uncer. tain future. The Ministry would be proud to receive the addresses of both Houses, but they would be prouder to receive the confidence they asked. for. Mr. Pease condemned the Vote of Credit as opposed to Ministers' own policy. Mr Forsyth deprecated pressing the vote to a division, which would exhibit to the world the Bouse and the county ranged in two hostile camps. Mr. Monk complained that Parliament had not been taken into the confidence of the Government. Sir H. Wolff advised the Government to rely upon their majority, confident that it represented the majority of the country. Mr. Chamberlain would have great hesitation in expressing any confidence in the Government. Mr. Chaplin charged Mr. Gladstone with having given the iin- pulse to the agitation out of doors. Mr. Childers, in Opposing the vote, cited several precedents against it. He held that it was both a War Vote and a sham vote, because it was impossible to spend a million a week for the next six weeks. On the motion of Mr. Stanley the debate was again adjourned. PERSONAL EXPLANATION.—Mr. Trevelyan, as a question of privilege, objected to the imputations thrown upon him by Mr. Hardy on the previous evening. His (Mr. Trevel- yan's) charges against the Prime Minister of having a war- like policy were based upon the repeated statements of Lord Beaconsfield. Mr. Hardy said as the hon. member had not repeated in the House his remarks at Sel- kirk he had nothing to withdraw [from the state- ment that if Mr. Trevelyan did not prove his charge again-t the Premier he must go into a category which it was not Parliamentary to name]. An excited debate followed, the motion to adjourn the House having been made and ultimately, Mr. Trevelyan having said he merely deduced from Lord Beaconsfield's speeches that he was in favour of a warlike policy, Mr. Hardy accepted this as a statement of an argument and not as a statement of fact, and the incident closed amid cheers and laughter. FURTHER DISCUSSION ON THE VOTE or CREMT.—Colonel Stanley resumed the debate "on the Vote rf Credit, and said the items required to put the services in a state of efficiency pointed to the possibility of war. The Government wished to be able to act promptly, and that other Powers might see they were in such a position. The money would not, however, be spent unless circumstances compelled it. He charged the Opposition, by hampering the Executive, with preventing them from carrying out a policy which the country had affirmed. Lord E. Fitzanaurice recommended that some wise compromise should be si ught. Mr. GoldneX pleaded for united action, and described the sufferings of the Turks, which he had witnessed. Mr. Norwood said the Government policy had been irresolute when it should have been firm, and rash when it should have been calm and dignified. The proposed vote was injudicious; but he could not support the amendment. Mr. Birley sup- ported the vote, which Sir C. Dilke ridiculed as Vote of Confidence. Mr. Hall said the Government policy would be approved by any ordinary Englishman wt) was not bound by party ties. The Opposition had yet given the Government fair play, but had thwarted J in a hundred petty ways. Sir W. Harcourt considered 1 Mr. Hardy's speech on the previous evening ww* admirably adapted to rally an enthusiastic paxqt but he doubted if it would unite a Parliament. At the same time he deprecated the introduction into a debate of personal bitterness, and the Billingsgate which had better be left to dukes and penny-a-liners. pointed out thatthe fact that Turkey must now.accept the win of Europe which she refused to do a year ago was solely work of Russia. As the quarrels of the past were now rid of, the best course would be to occupy 1he1l1' selves with the prospects of the future. Wbat policy would the Government follow in the coming negotiations ? The House ought to know before it con' sented to the vote now before it. He contended that basis of the Congress of 1878 must be the recognition oi the fact that the independence and integrity of the Otto* man Empire had cease! to exist. The dtbate was closed with a speech from the Solicitor-General, who held thst the question was being discussed on r. totally arti* ficial hypothesis. The Opposition knew that thetf ameudment would not be successful, and that the majority, large or small, would be against theffi and what he put to them was, that if the.v were sincere, the? ought to argue the question as if, should tbe amendment be successful, the Government were not entitled to confl" dence. Instead of doing this, however, they had chosen to act as a faction, and to drag down the issue to the level of 11 party vote. On the motion of Mr. Rylands, the debate wøS then adjourned.