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THE FRENCH: EXHIBITION. I

I -u_-COURT NEWS.-

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I LONDON SAYINGS AND DOINGS.

I I . DISTRICT NEWS. ;

NORTH WALES MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.…

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NORTH WALES MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. The members of the North Wales branch of the British Medical Association held their annual gathering last week at Llandudno. T. Eyton Jones, Esq., the Priory, Wrexham, who had previously been elected president for the ensuing year, on taking the chair, delivered the following opening address :—Gentlemen, permit me sincerely to thank you for the honour you have done me, while still a junior in the profession and also one of the junior members of your branch, in electing me to the presidential chair. I rely with confidence on Y'lnr kind forbearance with my shortcomings, and equally look for your kind assist- ance to enable me to sustain with credit the dignity of the office. So many of our brethren are engaged- in revealing the hidden mysteries of nature and science in relation to the art and practice of medicine, and their j discoveries are becoming so numerous, that whoever would wish to keep pace with the strides of advancing professional knowledge, must indeed bend forward to I his task with keen ardour, patient perseverance, and assiduous study. Yet I would fain believe, that chough i our metropolitan brethren, under happier auspices and greater facilities, liad the van in these discoveries, the provinc'al practitioner, more intent on successful practice, really in the main is the individual best quali- fied to pronounce on their relative merits, inasmuch as he rarely accepts doctrines or dogmas, without first cautiously weighing and trying them. To whatever subject connected with medicine we turn our attention, we find that daily enlarging experience is placing our j diagnosis of disease on a 6rmer bts!s,ena?l!n?usto detect it with much greater ceraint.v. and consequently, apply our remedial measures with much better cbauce j of siieeesE6 The explorations of the different cavities of the body and examinations of the secretions of its organs by instrumental means may be regarded as some 1 of the gran lest discoveries of tbe a ^e. Surely to vdew with the microscope the changes and actions going on in living flitids, to know by a glance whether tumours are innocetit or malignant, to learn with the stethoscope the condition of tuberculoid lungs, diseased heart, or even with its f tint p!t)-?tions and still fainter mcrmurs the existence of fœtal life; with the laryngoscope, the diseased condition of the, larynx. whether the seat of turn mrs, or ulceration (for we must remember that pre- vioas i:, its use, these were, one and all, set down as but different conditions of phthisis); with, the opthal- m )scope those structural diseases of the eye, hitherto vaguely termed amaurosis, and with it also diseases of the brain, particularly exudation at its base, detected by p?p!!)?ry ce lema further still gr?nntar degen"ra?ioa of the kidney (so often predicted) '?' from the presence of granular degeneration in the fundus of the eye; with the endoscope, the conditions of tbtulæ. the size and number of calculi in the blalder, the condition of the urethra in stricture—these all may indeed be recorded as t -iumphs of skill, rare unions of sense and science in the detection of diseased actions and morbific pro. ducts, often obscure in character, and their presence fre- I qu-ntly but little suspected. The value of the sphyg- mograph h is yet to be learnt, though if (according to Dr Foster, Birmingham) it will ena'ile us to detect the presence of aneurisms of the aorta, we shall come to regard it as a v-ilnible instrument. The use of the ther- mometer has lately received a large amount of attention particularly in continued fevers, as an unerring guide in the detection of complications (when the pulse and respiration afford no clue), in the formation of abscesses, infl. immatory conditions of the brain, the occurrence of ttiberetilar deposit, and its diagnosis from carcenoma of lung, aortic aneurism, and dilated bronchi. In Richard- son's anaesthetic, we have a local benumbing infiueuce of great use in m.nor surgical operations, and in his styptic colloid, an excellent means of arresting violent hce norrhage. Indeed, the thanks of the profession are eminently due to him for the open and unrestricted manner in which he has given us the benefit of his dis- coveries, and those who have listened to his eloquent voice at onr annual meetings will greatly regret that he has ee ised to he a member of the general association Ia Biegel's inhaler we have a mode of allaying bron- chial and pneumonic irritation, whilst in the abdominal tourniquet we have not only a m-tbod of arrest n°» uterine boJTiorrhage, and hcemorrhage from the noste nor flip in amputation of the hip joint, but &)so a new m?ns of treating (by compression) ?uris.os at the bend of the thigh. It may yet come to be re?ded as a means of treting elephantiasis cruri, ?ein" ?b? at som?? cures of that disease have been reported byHaatnre of the ext..r?l iliac artery. Th..ub:?? InjectZion the ext'ra lilac artery. e SUbCllhtJeOQ3 injection of morpheas not only been of good service in the relief of local pun, b.t nag eVn l"tl u 'J ""cu usea tin the United States) for redaein? hernia. Whilst ovario- tomyisrunmn?its course with eclat in   J ■ female life, chterldectomy, ? tr?t tb« a 1011 °| the credit of the  morality and virtne,  consigned ? oblivion-a  of the past-Boeck's syphHi?n treatraent, after trials in the Lnndon Lock HosD:t?)  set aSide, and indeed were its principle S?'  I oudre soldiers to sKHhe 'amy fromh' tn^ll losses and greatest curses In the a?ic • j Srei^es' I of cancers, I must oonfeas that I have failad in MY } practice to detect that immense valL it ,ln my Broadbent ? di"olviug ? W&4. and cl?6perang.tiLe nuclei of cancer cells. The application of chloride of zinc, as recommended by De Morgan, to stumps imme- diately after amputation, seems to have met with much approval. In medicine, the use of nitrate of amyl ia angina pectoris, acetate of lead in the treatment of aneurisms, manganese and cerium in dyspepsia, are some of the most recent discoveries, though did I enumerate all, I should take up too much of your valuable time. But in obedience to thA old quotation, salus popoli, 8uprema lex," the general practitioner has not only to deal with the discovery of disease and its appropriate II treatment, he is expected as a good subject to direct his attentions and energies to the prevention of disease; and I think the profession may fairly boast that the progress in sanitary science has been mainly due to their constant agitation of this subject, to their enlight- enment ani intelligence, and to their anxious endea- vours to show the public the risks they run by a neglec t of its laws. Had Dr Budd and Professor Gamgee's warnings been heeded, the poleaxe at the outset would have saved the country from its enormous losses by cattle plague but true to their instincts and fears, the public preferred Worms garlic treatment to sterner repressive measures. On the other hmd, the almost comparative exemption last year of Bristol from the ravages of cholera, was due to the heed paid to the voice of Dr Budd and I am thankful to say that Wrex- ham, owing to the intelligence of its council aud their energetic efforts, was almost equally free from it, wailst in Carnarvon, which has often boasted itself the metro- polis of the Principality, the cases amounted to one- tenth of the population, and the medical officer of the privy council stated in his official report, that every- thing existed there which would invite an outbreak of cholera, or any epidemic or infectious disease. It H to be hoped that so serious a visitation will compel their council to pay greater respect to sanitary science in the future, and to the warning voice of their medicil advis- ers. Yet, in the main, the dangers of overcrowding, dirt and impure water are better understood, and the public are more willing to aid in their removal and improvement. Still it C7 required an Ernest Hart to stir np the legislature and the Poor Law Board to the con- dition of the metropolitan workhouses, and if we reflect on the statement respecting the Lambeth workhouse, that in one room of 300 cubic feet, containing eig 'teen persons, seven died in a fsrtnight from infectious diseases, we may, indeed, endorse the remark of Disraeli's. that the revelations respecting them have called forth a feeling of universal horror." We may congratulate our metropolitan brethren on the appoint- ment of Dr -Alarkh-im as poor law inspector, notwith- standing his ignorance of the special pauper ailment, the malignus scribendus, and indeed on the appointment of 100 additional trained nurses, and the new pall per infir- maries act, thanks to Mr Gathorne Hardy's zeal, intelli- gence, and good-will. there is much neea. in tuis country (as in France) of a public minister of health, of a medical registration officer in each regis- tration district, that the appointments of medical officers of health be compulsory, not permissive, that there should be from oar universities^ lown to-nurr;igized schools a larger teaching of those laws of life on which the health of the people depends. Swiss statistics, taken from their death compilations of 300 years' duration, show that whilst the average duration of life in the seventeenth century was (in round numbers) twentv-wo years two months; in the eighteenth century, twenty- five years nine months; in 1833, its average dnration amounted to forty-five years and five months, and this entirely due to sanitary regulations, decreasing war, and increasing intalligence; and if the value of life doubles in this way in two centuries, surely it is our duty to urge upon one and all the value of sanitary regulations. The compulsory infliction of sanitary arrangements on the Hindoo pilgrims in India ha-1 this year (notwithstanding 600 reported cases) considerably lessened the number of cases of cholera, while the same treatment of the Mecca pilgrims has resulted in their return home without the appearance of one case amongst them; and it is gratifying to find that the conclusions arrived at by the Weimar Cholera Conference are sub- stantially the same as those entertained and practised in this country in reference to its prevention and limita- tion. Is it too much to expect that the early a -tection of its organic cause (fiamed cylindrotenium by Drs KrobV and Thome) may indicate the presence of the fatal disease, when diarrhoea only is present ? Mav we not hope that the organic poison or organisms, the exciting causes of zymotic diseases, may he revealed to us, seeing that in one instance the exciting cane has been discovered, viz., that the spores of fructifying cryptogamous plants are the excitants of marsh f v vpr ? It is earnestly to be hoped that ere long the army st-r- vice in this country may be assimilated to the American and Prussian services, viz into a distinct smitary corps, wi h thoro-tg'i control on all m-itt-rs pit ui ig to the health of the soldiers. Had this been the case before, we should not have heard of such dreadful ravages among the troops as took place last year in the Ber- mudas, where the commanding officer, nofwithstm ling the warnings and entreaties of the medical oiffcers, would not budge from the spot, and 290 Br t'sh s >1 Hers were prostrated in consequence, and of th-se 14 oiffcers and 107 men died we should not hear such lou 1 com- plaints among our Indian medical br-t!iren, -in t the suggestions of the pack committee would long ago have been carried out, and the soldier's stock-tija clothing blot in the army—removed. If the medical profession was properly represented in the navy, we should not hear of its possessing but oae medical C.B of its being short of 25 assistant surgeons, or even requiring su-sh attractive dodges as the medical cad t system. It is a shame and disgrace to this country to IM IOM fiat Bcm vy has increased twenty per cent, in the port of Lon- don, and to have proofs given us that tiiiii is ow;n r to our merchant vessels taking out with them so limited a diet —often dtefkjient altogether in vegetable food and I fear this will never be remedied until inspectors are appointed to attend to this ditty, and penalties attached for the non-fulfilment of such impe^jit^va obligations; on the other hand, it is very gratifying to; learn thai, thanks to the good effect of the Contagious Diseases' Act cases of venereal disease have b,.eu re'lu'jecl fifty per cent, in those towns where the act is in opera- tion. The New Vaccination Bill is a source of con- gratulation, seeuig that the rate of remuneration is better, the registration (we hope) simpler, ard the guardians constituted the public prosecnt Irs. The penal clau-e though is a strong reflection on the pro fession, and onht to be expunged. Still I must confess that 20,000 deaths from small pox in this country during the past six years is a striking instance that vaccination has been but very imperfectly carried out. Yet to the credit of the Principality, Dr Hughes, of Mold, has shown that careful vaconation is a perfect prophylactic against this serious disease. The medical council have at last civen us good proof of their vitality in the excellent pharma- copoeia just issued, in the praiseworthy efforts they have male to raise the standard of medical education, in the repeated attempts to alter the useless XL. section of the Medical Act, and to protect the profession from inuu la- tion with foreign diplomas. In these, laIn strongiv of opinion, that it is our duty, by petitions to parlia n -nt and all other means in our power, to aid ttietn in t .eir eff'<Jr\;s, notwithstanding that I share the unanimous opinion of the association, that the profession at la *ird should be better represented in the medical council. a t0 PetUlJn parliament to give a member to the 20,000 registered practitioners in the kingdom, I seeing that they can record their votes by proxy as easily as the members of our universities and are not sanitary ques 1Qns the most pressing that our legis'ature have to deal with. Since our last annual meeting we have lo it our kind. hearted associate, Mr Robert Jones, of Carnar- von, whose eloquent and earnest voice we shall mUs for years to come, We have lost also the no >le founder of the associat.on. Sir G. Hasting, but his spirit still Xl n a an ? ongst us, sti.ll animates an d eucourages us to dwells amongst us, still animates and encourage, us t. pnrsne with energy, in association anl concerted action, the stajy of those scientific truths which can best ex- hibit and develope the practice of legitimate medicine, which, while it ministers on the one hand to the progress of advancing science, on the other hand lavishes its countless deeds of unknown kindness on the sick anl suffering poor. Like the quality of msrey it is not strained, It droppeth as the geatle rain from heaven Upon the place beneath. It is twice blessed- It blesseth him that gives and him that takes; It is an attribute of God himself. The address was much appreciated and applauded by the members, and a vote of thanks passed in acknow- ledgment. Amongst the medical gentlemen of this neighbollrhood present were :-Edward Williams, Esq., M. D Wrexham T. Hughes, Esq M D M.D., Wrexham T. fftighea, Esq., I%I.D., -Ifol!l W. Williams, Esq., :\f.D., Mold; George H. Williams, Esq., M.D., Rhyl; G Turner Jones, Esq., Denbigh; T. Francis Edwards, Esq., Denbigh Arthur Tumour, Esq., M.D., Denbigh; 0. Roberts, E?q.. M.D., St. A?ph, Edward Williaras, Esq., Denbi!!h; T. E.J? Esq., Llanasa; J. C. Davies, Esq., M.D., Holywell; Thomas Davies, Esq., Mostyn; William Jones, Esq., Tynewydd, Ruabon.

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