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SPIRIT OF THE PRESS.I
SPIRIT OF THE PRESS. (In selecting the Spirit of the Press," we are guided solely by a with to place before our readers the opinion of oil parties, without any regard to the relation such opinion may sustain in this Journal.) THE LITERARY FUND COMMITTEE DEFENDED. (From the Critic.) The correspondence between Messrs Elwin and Dickens and the Committee of the Literary Fund, pub- lished in the last number of the Athenaum, entirely confirms us in our suspicion that the munificent offer" about which so much has been said, is little better than an attempt to force the suggestions of the reforming body of the members upon the committee in a different shape from what has hitherto been attempted. The offer was in substance this: a certain person unnamed, but who is generally understood to be Mr John Forster, was willing to leave his magnificent library" to the fund, and to invest £ 10,000 for its maintenance. Accor- ding to the text of Mr Dickens's firstletter, this gift was made conditional on the Literary Fund's obtaining an amended charter, and rendering other services to litera- ture than those in which it is, in its practice, at present limited." Now, let it he remembered that this gift of a library was only prospective; because the donor re- served to himself the right of dealing with it up to the dav of his death. Describing the library, he says him- self, "In number the books average at present from 15,000 to 17,000 volumes, but every year they receive large additions; and the ultimate extent of this portion of the bequest depends on the number of years I may live. The same is to be said of the collection 01 manu- scripts, which, though not at present very numerous, have all a marked and distinct literary interest." Of course, under these circumstances, the security that the bequs: would be carried out was entirely sentimental, for so Jong as the donor kept possession of the books, so long would they be liable to his debts or to any other accident; and although he offered to deposit his will in the custody of the corporation, it was impossible for him to divest himself of the power of revoking it. The title to the XIO,000 offered was, perhaps, a little more tangible, because it was suggested that that should be at once invested in the names of trustees and after the satisfaction of two life estates (one in the donor and the other in any other person), the income was to be applied in support and maintenance of the library. Still, however, the money was intimately bound up with the library; no library, no dividends. The offer, pur et simple, was a library of indefinite extent, indefinite value, and to accrue at an indefinite time; and the money spoken of was merely for the purpose of supporting the library. But the Literary Fund did not want a library; at least the majority of its members did not. Suppose that Messrs Dickens and Elwin had offered a white elephant to the fund, and a sum of money to keep the beast in fodder, would they have thought it right to upbraid the com- mittee for rejecting it. But the library is, to all intents and purposes, so far as the fund is concerned, a white elephant. There are persons and institutions to whom it might be very valuable; but to the Literary Fund it would be Dot only not valuable, but actually harmful. One word as to the value of the library for any practical purpose. If it be Mr Forster's, we have every reason to believe that it is not a magnificent library," in any other sense than as that word 80nveys an idea of size. It is just such a miscellaneous collection of books as might be expected to form the library of a very active literary man who has done a great deal of reviewing in his time, and who has added, by purchase, to the "review copies" which he has preserved. Some indi- vidual books of value, such as a first folio of Shakspere, or the like, there may possibly be; but we have the au- thority of one who knows what he is talking about, when he says that, as a general library of reference, the collection would be well nigh useless. THE NICKNAME-OF THE-KING OF NAPLES. (Mr Leigh Hont, in Spectator.) Bomba is the name of children's play in Italy, a kind of prisoner's base, or what used formerly to be called in England, King by your leave;" and there was probably an allusion to this pastime in the nickname; especially as Ids Majesty was fond of playing the king, aud had a re1i"ecl ion for childish amusements besides, and for playing at soldiers. But the name, whatever its first cause or its collective significance, is understood to have derived its greatest weight from a charge made against his Majesty of having called upon his soldiers to bom- bard" his people during one of their insurrections. I, BÜlubard'em! Bombard'eni!" lie is said to have cried out—that is to say, Sweep them away, cannonade 'elIJ!" His apologist, Mr Macfarlane, not only denies the charge, but says his cry was the very reverse, to wit, Spurt my misguidedpeoplf! Make prisoners! Do not kill! Mako prisoners!" And he is afterwards said to have rebuked an officer for calling the people canaglia (rascally dogs). Be calm, sir, and do not caU the people canaglia. They arc misguided, but they are still my people. If )-on allow yourself to be transported with passion, there will be great slaughter, and this I would by all means avoid. Take prisoners, but do not kill." The book entitled Naples and King Ferdinand," repeats the charge, hewever, in the strongest manner. It says that he kept crying out, Down with them! down with ¡tern!" adding in a note, what was stated to be the' particular expression," Bombardare;" and hence, says the author, "arose his well-known sobriquet of' Bomba." We are ilso told by this writer, that the king changed his policy on this occasion 11 from hour to hour, indee: from minute to minute; so as to secure a victory, of which he had perhaps little hope at first." What if this vacillation reconciles the two opposite accounts; and that the frightened and exasperated monarch actually said all which is attributed to him by both the writers, according as the fright or the exaspera- tion prevailed? At one o'clock, when matters looked perilous, mercy and flattery may have been in the ascen- dant; and at three, when success was certain, or when it required only the merciless portion of fear, cruelty may have reigned supreme. In one of those interludes in the plays of Moliere, which ought never to be left out of editions of them, for they are as good in their way as the plays themselves, and as deeply grounded in truth, however mad tlie), look with animal spirits and drollery, there is a man who is in danger of being eaten by a bear. The man (wc speak from niemoi-v, but are sure of the spirit ot what we relate) takes at last, as a forlorn hope, to flattering the bear; praises his manners and appearance; calls him all sorts of sweet names; and in the excess and ecstasy of his desperation, addresses him at length as "Your Royal Highness." But hunters coming up, and the bear's attention being diverted, his flatterer scrambles up a tree, and his first word to the hunters is, Shoot him." ROMAN CATIIOLICY AND THE MARGARET- STREET TEMPLE. (From the Tablet.) In so far as it may be regarded as an offering to Al- mightv God, in honour of the mysteries of the Catholic creed, and all the saints" of our calendar, the erec- tion of the splendid church just completed in Margaret- street, must be appreciated by every Catholic, rivalling, as it does, the finest productions of modern times. But we must at the same time confess to a feeling of deep regret that so worthy a temple should not be dedicated to the services of the one true Church, and be conse- crated by the real presence of the Incarnate Saviour. Un.'ortiinately, the clergy who will minister in this beautiful church are not recognised by the Christian world, nor are their ministrations regarded as valid by the Bishops of Christendom or the Vicar of Christ. And in the present instance, moreover, there is the especial danger that individuals may be blinded to the real perils and inconveniences of their position by the fact of so worthy a temple being reared by person- not in communion with the Catholic Church. At the same time, we may be permitted to cherish the hope that (Ila Dr Newman explained III his lectures on Anglicanism), many of those who take part in the services will do so in good faith, and with sincere intentions, and may thus be led on to the higher privileges of full communion with the Catholic Church. So far as this undertaking may be regarded with pleasur e, the seed was sown by persons who have, long ago, submitted themselves to the Apostolic See, especially by Canon Oakeley, of this diocese, with whom the proposal to erect this splendid temple, we believe, first originated. Would that it could be transferred to Islington or Bromptou, or at all events into the hands of those who can alone use aright. PRAISE FOR Mlt. ROEBUCK. (From the Press.) Mr Roebuck is, as he has a perfect right to be, a thoroughpaced as well as outspoken Radical. He knows Lord Derby and the Conservatives are radically op- posed to his Radicalism. Accordingly, he does not like them; it would be strange if he did. But he always understood what he had to expect of them. He had no right to expect much—little but that which he might extract from their weakness. Not so with regard to the Whigs. They led him to expect great things of them; they made his mouth water with the Radical measures which they were to introduce as the reward of the uncom- promising—now and then a little unscrupulous-support given to them by men of Mr Roebuck's political creed. And what, in the result, did he get from them? Why, simply nothing. Not as much even as from the Con- servatives, at whose hands he ought to have expected nothing. No wonder Mr Ruebuck is wroth. He feels he has been humbugged—ay, humbugged for twenty- six long weary years-aud he declares he will stand it no longer. We do not agree with Mr Roebuck's prin- ciples, but we sympathise with his indignation. CIRENCESTER ELECTION. CHARQE OF PREVENTING ADMIRAL TALBOT FROM VOTING. CIRENCESTER, Monday. William Clark, innkeeper of this town, and Peter Ellis Harmer, printer, were charged with" unlawfully, by themselves and others on their behalf, made use of force, violence and restraint, and practised intimidation upon Admiral Charles Talbot, in order to induce and compel him to refrain from voting" at the late Cirencester election, and compelled him to refrain from giving his yote. The magistrates present were, the Rev H. Cripps, W. F. Croome, Esq, F. Cripps, Esq, T. W. G. Master, Esq, Rev T. Maurice, T. D. Hartland, Esq, J. B. Haines, Esq, aud Hutchinson, Esq. Mr W. H. Cooke, barrister-at-law, instructed by Messrs Mullings and Daubeny, appeared for the prose- cution; Mr J. P. Powell, barrister-at-law, instructed by Mr Cooke, solicitor, for the defence. Mr Cooke having opened the case, the following evi- dence was adduced:- Rear Admiral Charles Talbot: I was a voter for Cirencester at the last election. I was in April, and am now, in command of the fleet at Cork. I proceeded from Cork for the purpose of voting, travelling from Mil- ford Haven. I telegraphed from Gloucester to Ciren- cester to have a fly at the station in readiness for me. The train was 20 minutes late on its arrival at the station. I saw a fly at the station. None of the railway officials were there. I left my luggage in the train. I got into the fly, and as it was driving towards the gate I first perceived a crowd. The gates of the station were shut in the horse's face. Some men laid hold of the horse's heads, whereupon the driver began cutting them with his whip. I got out of the fly, which was being turned round on a sort of pivot, and went to the wicket gate, bnt could not get out for the crowd. I then went to the gates and tried to get out, but a struggle followed and I was thrown down. The defendant Clark took hold of me, put his arms round me, and said, I'll pro- tect you, admiral." I kept turning in his arms, trying to get from him, and he kept pushing me back to the station. Finding my getting out was useless, I walked to the station. I was prevented by the violence from voting. Mr Clark, or some one who was with him, pointed out by the station clock that it was past four I was detained against my will, and prevented from exercising the franchise. Cross-examined: I have come from Cork now under a subpoena. I preferred a charge of assault against Clark for this affair, and he was fined 50s for the assault. It was the same which prevented me from voting. I am not preferring this charge. I made my complaint to the magistrates' clerk, and he said, "That is an assault." I did not on that occasion go beyond Cireneester in the train. The train I came by was due at Cirencester on the polling day at 3.40. We were about twenty minutes behind time. When I arrived at the station it wanted about six or seven minutes to four by my watch. I did not ascertain that the flyman was drunk; n' opinion, formed after the fact, was, that he was not :¡;e:in1n;arh half t: fhrwrie::r: s h; King's Head. He was hitting riaht and left when the people were holding the horse. The people were, I think, past reason; they did not say that they held the horse be:ause the flyman struck them with the whip. I fell over Mr Slatter. I have not made any charge of assault or of obstructing me from voting. The gates were, I believe, open when Clark said he would pro- tect me, and there was a great crowd. He did not say that he would get me through the crowd, or that I had no cause for fear. I do not remember he said, If I can prevent the people injuring you, I will." It was three or four minutes after four by the clock to which my attention was called. The Hon Mr Dutton was at the station; he was not in the crowd. I saw a man named Davis there. Re examined: Davis had hold of the horse's head. The yard was quite clear when I arrived at the sta- tion. Major Milligan deposed: The express train is due at Cirencester at 3.40. I went to the station on the poll- ing-day on the chance of meeting Admiral Talbot. I had not heard of the telegram from him. I went in my carriage about half-past three. I heard the train arrive about eight minutes to four. I first saw the admiral as he was running to get into the fly. I ran out of the yard to my carriage, and there was then no impediment to leaving the yard. As soon as I got to my carriage I turned round, but could not see the fly. I returned to the station, and tried to get in at the wicket-gate. Harmer was standing outside the gate, and would not let me pass. He said I must go to the large gates. I squeezed in. The admiral was in the midst of a crowd, and was trying to get away. He was in Clark's arms. I heard some one call out It is four o'clock," and then Clark let the admiral go. Cross-examined: There were six or eight other per- sons at the wicket-gate besides Harmer. I asked Harmer to let me go through. I am not a voter fur Ciiencester. I went to the station expecting to see the admiral. I saw Clark with his arm round the admiral immediately I got inside the gate. There was a crowd encircling the admiral. I first saw the admiral about six or seven minutes to four. The hustings were oppo- site the King's Head Hotel. When I saw the admiral in Clark's arms it was about three minutes to four. I heard Clark say, I'D take care of the admiral." I did not see the admiral fall, or hear Clark say the admiral had no cause to fear, or would take care of him from the people. Re-examined: When Clark said he would take care of the admiral he was impeding him, but whether sta- tionary or pushing him back I cannot say. By Mr Powell: There was a band of music near the station. Mr Cooke: That is another infraction of the statute (a laugh.) Witness: I remonstrated with Harmer for not allow- ing me to pass. He said I must go to the big gates. Mrs Cambridge: I was at Mill's shop near the station about four o'clock on the polling day. A band of music came up and a crowd, and they went into the station. Harmer and Merchant were standing outside the wicket gate, and Clark was inside. I saw Major Milligan trying to go into the wicket gate, He was being pushed about. Harmer and Merchant were pushing. I saw a man inside the gate with the pole of a carriage in his hand. I saw Harmer take out his watch and look at it. He said, "It is no use waiting any longer-the time is up." They then went away, and the gate was opened. Cross-examined: There was no crowd at the gate until Harmer came up. There was a great crowd with the band. I am a dressmakr, I have not asked for a situation of housekeeper. I have not been promised the situation of housekeeper to Mr Joseph Crips, of Cox- well street, since this business. Thomas Slatter: I was at the Gloucester station on the polling dav, and came to Cirencester in the same train as Admiral Talbot. There was a fly at the station. The driver was not quarreling with any person at the time the admiral got into the fly, and the fly started. A number of persons who were in the yard took hold of the reins and backed the horse until they broke the shafts. I and Mr Vaiscy went up and advised the admiral to get out. Some of the crowd held the door to prevent him from getting out. He got out the other side, and I went to the wicket gate with him. Some persons were standing inside and outside the gate. The admiral wished them to let him pass, but they would not. We went towards the other gate. I was knocked down, and when I was about to get up six or seven people seized me by the hair and kept me down. I went to the station, and complained to Clark of the treatment I had received. He said, You are a Conservative, and we are Liberals, and we have a right to do what we can o win the election," or words to that effect. Cross-examined: I was here when the charge of assault was gone into, but did not give evidence. Mr Vaisey confirmed the testimony as to the crowd preventing the admiral from leaving the station. It wanted between five and six minutes to four as he was leaving the station with the admiral. Nathaniel Holdland: I am a voter and was at the hustings about twenty minutes to four, I saw Clark about the hustings, and should say he is a person who takes an active part in elections. I afterwards saw him running towards the station. He called out, to the station," and a crowd of persons followed him, one with a loaf on a stick. I went to the station. Harmer was standing inside the wicket gate, and afterwards on the outside. On my way to the station I asked Harmer if the train was in; he said it was not. I said it is Idte," and he said, Yes, it is water-logged between this and Cork." I heard Clark say, "Close the gates." The admiral was then in the fly coming towards the gates. I saw Clark with his hand oa the gate. Isaw some persons seize the horse's head and force it back. The crowd shouted" Keep the admiral in." I afterwards saw Major Milligan at the wicket gate. Cross-examined: I was standing only about a yard from Clark when he shouted, Close the gates." He had his hand on the gate, and called other persons to his When I first saw Harmer he was stand- ing inside with his back against the gate, and the gate closed. Another person was there. The Admiral viad arrived when Clark called, Shut the gates." When I went up first the gates were not closed. By the Bench: The wicket gate opens to the in- side. Charles Mills: I went to the station on the polling day, a little before four o'clock. The large gates were closed. There were a few boys on the outside. I forced my way inside. There was a fly there, and a man was holding up his hand before the horse. I was knocked down. I cannot say I saw Clark or Harmer there. I was pushed down again. I asked why they did not let the admiral vote. I did not know any man I saw there, except a man with a red waistcoat, and I don't know who he was (laughter.) Tiiis was the case for the prosecution. Mr Powell then addressed .the magistrates for the de- fendants. He contended that the present was merely a retaliatory prosecution, for the prosecution instituted by the Liberal party against some persons at Cirencester for drugging a voter to prevent him from giving his vole. With regard to Clark, the learned counsel said hogrounded his defence entirely upon the principle of English law, that the defendant had already been found guilty of an assault, arising out of the circumstances upon which the present charge was made. The same evidence had already been given, and would have pro- cured a conviction. The Chairman asked whether the statement of Clark that he was a Liberal, and had a right to win the election as he pleased, had anything to do with a charge of assault? Mr Powell said certainly, and he believed had been given, but Clark denied that he ever made use of any such expression. If the magistrates were determined to send the case for irial at the assizes he could not prevent their doing so, but he maintained that the adjudication in the case of assault was a bar to any further proceed- ings in this case. As to Harmer, he should call evidence to show he bad gone to the station to meet his son, who was expected by the train, and had nothing to do with the row that took place. He should also show that in consequence of the late arrival of the train it was impossible for Admiral Talbot to have voted, and that therefore he could not have been impeded from voting. Alfred Thomas Harmer, son of the defendant, over- seer in the office of the Stroud Journal, deposed that he wrote to his father, stating that he was coming to Cirencester on the polling day, but was prevented from coming. The letter was put in and read. There was no post mark to it, and the envelope was not produced. William Newcome, stonemason, of Cirencester, said- I was at the station-gates about four o'clock, and saw Harmer standing outside the wicket-gate at the time the admiral was at the gate. Harmer was taking no part in what was going on. He was in conversation with Major Milligan, who, he thought, used some insult- ing language towards him. I am a politician, and take some interest in the election. I went to look for a voter named Lane. I had heard the admiral had not come. Clark was outside, and I heard him say three times, Let him out." I returned to the hustings, and the poll was declared, and the members had spoken and were leaving. Mr Powell said he proposed to call Clark as a witness. Mr Cooke said they could not call one of the defen- dants as a witness for the other. The Bench said they declined to hear the witness. Mr Powell requested that a note might be placed on the depositions that he had tendered Clark as a witness. George Turner, the driver of the express train to Cirencester on the day in question, said he arrived at the station within half a minute of 3.55, and he noticed that on that same day the Cirencester clock was about three minutes before the railway time. Mrs Merchant: I live opposite the wicket-gate at the station. I saw Harmer there on the polling day. He was not inside. He might have been there six or eight minutes or better; he was looking on like other people. I did not see him take any part with the mob. If he had been there I should nave seen him. Cross-examined: I did not see Major Milligan talking to Harmer. Mrs Pash: On the polling day for Cirencester I was standing at the Marlborough Tavern door, and saw the band come up. Harmer came after the band. I saw him all the time. He did not go within the wicket-gate once, and did not take any part with the mob. Cross-examined: I did not see Harmer talking to Ma- jor Milligan. I had heard that Admiral Talbot was ex- pected, and that he was inside the gate. Mr Cooke then addressed the bench on the plea of autrefois acquit, contending that the assault of which Clark had been found guilty was an entirely different offence to the misdemeanour with which he was now charged jointly with other persons; and, moreover, that this defence could only be raised before the court of 81- size. Mr Powell, in reply, maintained that whatever the offences might be called, they were the same, and the defendant had already been punished. The magistrates retired to consider their decision, and after an absence of some time, The Rev Mr Cripps (the chairman) stated that the bench considered that the case against Clark ought to be sent,to the assizes for trial, but as there was some doubt as regarded Harmer the bench would give him the benefit of the donbt, and dismiss the charge. Clark was admitted to bail in his own recognisance of £ 100, and two sureties in X50 each. There was another case against Clark for the abduc- tion of a voter, but it was withdrawn, as the defendant had been committed on the above charge.
[No title]
Death cif Mr Charles Olfier.-We "grot to announce the death of this gentleman, who was remembered chiefly, by the last generatiop, as a writer of elegaut fiction, as the publisher of Shelley's principal works, and as an intimate friend of the poet. He died at Brompton, on Sunday evening, after a long and painful illness. Uio'ous Proceedings at Rwhdale.-On Sunday after- noon, between four and five o'clock, some exceedingly riotous proceedings occurred in College-street, Rochdale, generally known as Sachary, and one or two navvies got dangerously injured. It appears that from eighteen to twenty navvies employed at the Oldham Waterworks in Ogden, came into the town, got drunk, and vowed vengeance against the Irish. For several weeks past feuds have occasionally taken place amongst the navvies and the Irish. About four o'clock the navvies began to knock down children in the street, end young boys who work in the mill, swearing what they would do to the Irish. At this the Irish blood became hot, and a spirit of retaliation was the consequence. Being too weak, they went for a number of countrymen from The Mount." Abont 100 came. By this time one or two policemen had got upon the spot, and the navvies were driven down Holland-street, but they went round Mr Brierley's mill, and again cume into College street. Thousands of people had now gathered together. The Irish surrounded the navvies, and a regular fight took place. Some were armed with pokers, other. with knives, and others with bludgeons. The navvies suffered severely. One man, named Fitzgerald, got very dangerously wounded upon the head and face, and bled profusely upon the footpath. The navvies, finding that they had no chance, got out of the road as soon as possible, and a number quitted the town. The whole of the neighbourhood up to eight o'clock on Monday evening was kept in a state of excite ment.Ilayichester Guardian. Fatal Accident on the Great Weslern Railway at Wol- verhampton.—On Saturday morning last, as a platelayer in the employment of the Oxford, Worcester, and Wol- verhampton Railway, was passing down thelunnel which adjoins the joint station of that company and the Great Western, accompanicd by his foreman, and carrying a load of tools, the men heard an up train approach. To avoid it they betook themselves to the down line, which is separated from the other by a partition. Unhappily, a Great Western goods train came also up on the instant on that line, and catching Barton, threw him down, passing over his legs, which were much lacerated. The foreman escaped unhurt. Assistance was speedily ob- tained from the station, and the unfortunate man was carried out of the tunnel quite deall. On a subsequent examination by a surgeon, it was found that death had been caused by a blow on the head from the truck with which the deceased had come in contact. lIe has left a widow and two children. A Tiger Story.—A letter from Penang, dated Feb- ruary 10, 1859, gives the following singular escape from, but ultimate death by, the attack of a tiger on a Catho- lie missionary on that island, which will be read with painful interest: My escape from the tiger," says the writer, was truly miraculous, but that of Padre Cuel- Ion was still more so, as the following details of the attack upon that worthy priest will clearly prove. The padre was on his way to church, and was immersed in the study of his sermon when a tiger, to his utter surprise, suddenly rushed out of the jungle, or tall grass; but, as the beast had not measured its distance to a nicety, the padre, walking very quickly, was more frightened than hurt. The tiger, however, brushed so close to the padre that the latter's trousers were torn, the snap of the beast being within a hair's breadth of his leg. The brute, not content with a single spring, made another charge upon the poor padre, and, as he had nothing to defend himself but bis large paper umbrella, ho suddenly opened it out in the brute's face, which had the effect of cowing it for a time. The tiger, however, evidently gamer, or more pertinacious in his attacks than is wont with his tribe, charged the padre at least a dozen times, which occupied Nearly twenty minutes. In the mean- time the padre gradually edged towards a tree in an open space of ground: and, as there was a large white ants' nest between him and the tiger, round which the latter had to make a slight tour, this enabled the padre to climb the tree and get out of his way. The tiger, on getting round the nest, was at first puzzled at not seeing the padre, but in a few minutes he laid his nose to the ground, and soon scented the whereabouts of bis in- tended victim. The tiger,' said the padre, I quietly sat down under the tree and gave a wistful look towards me, but it fortunately was of no avail.' The natives, at length hearing the cries of the worthy padre, hastened to the spot and rendered the assistance required. The tiger fled the instant it heard their shouts. The poor padre burst into tears, and sang the Te Deum in token of gratitude for his delivery. Padre Cuellon, however, I did not rally long; the fright had too serious an effect upon his "s"ystem, and in about ten days he sank to rise zo more."
HANDEL COMMEMORATION AT THEI…
HANDEL COMMEMORATION AT THE CRYSTAL PALACE. The engagement of the host of performers for this great Festival has now been completed by the Sacred Harmonic Society. The extent of the orchestra will be appreciated when it is stated that it will comprise 242 violins and violas, 120 violoncellos, and double basses, with about 100 wind and other instruments, which, with 2,700 choralisto-all efficient and most carefully selected -will form an aggregate considerably beyond 3,000 performers. The orchestra itself is 216 feet wide, or double the di- ametpr of the dome of St Paul's Cathedral. It is capa- ble of containing many hundreds mere than the num- bers above stated; but as it has been the express object of the managers of the Festival to develop the tone pro- duced by this gigantic assemblage of musicians under the most favourable conditions, such a liberal allowance of space has been given to each performer, and so many wide avenues intersect and divide each portion of the chorus, that it has been found absolutely imperative- despite the many thousands of efficient applicants now registered in the books of the Sacred Harmonic Society —to limit the performers to the number above stated. The rehearsals of the metropolitan division of the cho- rus at Exeter Hall, was brought to a conclusion on Friday the 10th inst. Rehearsals in the provincial towns will be continued up to Friday the 17 th of June, on wbichevening as many of the chorus as Exeter Hall will contain will be assembled together for the first time. The full rehearsal of the entire orchestra will take place at the Crystal Palace, at from half-past ten to eleven o'clock on the morning of Saturday the 18th June. This rehearsal will be open to the public by tickets at seven shillings and six pence, if purchased some time beforehand; and as the orchestra will be as complete as on the days of the Festival, and as the rehearsal will comprise the most effective portions of each day's performance, there is no doubt but that the attendance will be very great, partic- ularly by those persons from the country unable to re- main in town for the whole of the Festival week. Arrangements are now in progress at the Crystal Palace fot the exhibition of various relics and memo- rials of Handel, in a court arranged for the purpose. This collection gives promise of great interest. Handel's autograph scores of Messiah," Israel in Egypt," and the" Dettingen Te Deum" (works to be regarded with the deepest veneration), now in the Royal Library, and the portrait of the composer, presented by Smith (his amanuensis) to George III, now at Buckingham Palace, will be graciously lent for the occasion by her Majesty the Queen, and his Royal Highness the Prince Consort; the statute of Handel by Roubiliac, his portrait by Denner (the one most prized by the composcr, and kept by him in his own house), miniatures, pitchpipe used by Handel at his performances (interesting as showing the rise in musical pitch in the last century), autograph letters, &c, belonging to the Sacred Harmonic Society; the MS scores from which he conducted his oratorios, kindly lent for this occasion by Handel's biographer, Mr Victor Schoelcher; his harpsichord, contributed by the Messrs Broadwood, the eminent pianoforte manufac- turers, in whose house, in Great Pulteney-street, when in the occupation of Tschudi, the harpsichord maker- the Broadwood ot his day—Handel was a frequent visi- tor; numerous engraved portraits of Handel and his principal performers; early, curious, and recent editions of his works, biographies, &c, will be added to the col- lection. Enough has been said to show its interesting nature, and as the Sacred Harmonic Society has issued a noti- fication of their desire to avail themselves of the loan of any other contemporary musical objects-an intimation which is sure to be widely responded to-there can be no doubt but that the Handel Court" at the Crystal Palace will be a source of much gratification to the thousands of admirers of the great musician who will be brought together from all parts. The wide-spread interest excited has led the directors to apply to the Commander-in-Chief to give facilities to officers in the army for attending the Festival; and with pleasure it is announced an official intimation has been given that, on application, leave of absence will be given for the Festival week to such officers as may de- sire to be present. Steps have also been taken for affording the oppor- tunity for attending the Festival to members of the pro- vincial press. At the preliminary 1857 festivaVmany provincial and other journals were represented, and an amount of original musical criticism was thereby elicited beyond precedent. Several of the daily country journals published daily telegraphic reports of the Festival, which kept the inhabitants of the principal towns well informed of its progress. The telegraphic arrangements being made on the present occasion will offer increased facilities over those in 1857.
|— = I THE SPEECH DAY AT ETON…
— = THE SPEECH DAY AT ETON COLLEGE. The annual celebration of speech day at Eton College lias taken place. From an early hour the distinguished visi ors continued to arrive at the College until eleven o'clock, at which hour the gates of the college were thrown open, and the visitors admitted, for the purpose of hearing the speeches declaimed. The speeches were delivered in the noble upper school room, which was thronged with visitors, the gallery at the upper end of the room being specially reserved for ladies. As soon as the company had taken their seats, the speeches commenced, and were delivered in the follow- ing order, the speakers being attired in the court cos- tume always worn on these occasions: Burr, in M Antonium, (Cicero); Maberlv ma,Capys, (Macaulav; Langham, Hamlet; Gurdoa, Ghost (Shake- speare); Bosanquet, ma. K S, Ajax, (Sophocles); James, KS, Brutus; Hoare, max, Cassius (Shakespeare); Churton, ma, K S, Caisar, (Lucanus); Lubbock, max, Lord Strafford, (Hume); Mr Duncan, ma, Wallenstein; Bosanquet, Wrangel, (Schiller); Carter, ma, K S, Chorus; Ainger, K S, Dicseopolis, (Aristophanes); Johnstone, Harpagon; Gordon, Commissaire; Wynne, ma, Maitre Jacques, (Moliere); Young, ma, K S, Fal- staff; Heathcote, Prince Henry, (Shakespeare); Mr Dun- can, ma, (Canning.) Nearly all the speeches were declaimed with ccnsi- derable rhetorical effect, and during their delivery the audience frequently testified their approbation by marks of loud applause. The speech which was unquestion- ably the best delivered, was Shakespeare's Falsiaff," by Mr Young, ma, K S. The declamations of Messrs Langham, Lubbock, and Duncan also contained points of real merit, each of those gentlemen coming in for a fall share of applause. After the delivery of the speeches, which occupied upwards of two hours, most of the dis- tinguished visitors proceeded to the College chapel for the purpose of inspecting one of the gorgeous memo- rial windows which has been erected on the south-side of the ante-chapel to the memory of those Etonians who fell in the Crimea. Beneath the window are the escutcheons of the officers, and spaces left for their names. The Provost of Eton and the Rev Dr Good- ford, each entertained a large party of the nobility and gentry at dinner, at their residences in the college. At six o'clock the company present at the speeches, together with a large number of spectators, assembled in the Brocas, on the banks of the Thames, for the pur- pose of witnessing the interesting spectacle of the pro- cession of college boats np the river to Surly-hall. A boat containing the band of the 2nd Life G uards headed the procession. A splendid al fresco entertainment had been prepared at Surly-hall by Mr Johnson, of the White Hart Hotel, Windsor; but a tremendous storm of rain setting in just about the time the crews landed at Surlv, entirely prevented anything like supper being thought of, and the crews, together with the visitors, returned to Windsor drenched to the skin. Arrangements had been made for a grand display of fireworks which are usually let off on these occasions, but the violent rain which fell entirely prevented this portion of the proposed arrangements being carried into effect, much to the disappointment of the large number of visitors. Later in the evening, the rain having cleared up, a portion of the fireworks were let off, but a considerable quantity was entirely spoilt with the rain.
[No title]
Labour at the Cape.-Therestill exists a great demand for labour in the colony. The 2,000 immigrants (says the Cape ?oi/) who h.n'e arrived under the present ? h ee jhave rather increased than satisfied the demand for almost every description of labour; and if an equal number, or twice as many, arrive this year, they will find little difficulty in securing good wages and good prospects; for, besides the want of steady and ex- perienced agricultural servants, domestic servants, mechanics, and artisans, we shall require for public works now in progress, or about to be commenced, many hundreds- by-and-by some thousaiids-of excavators or navvies, masons, bricklayers, carpenters, blacksmiths, and the innumerable nondescripts that form a part of every busy hive of working men.—Cape and Natal News, The Waif in the Village.-The Opinion du Midi gives a sad account of ravages recently committed near the village of Bertal (Lozère) by a wolf in a state of mad- ness. It had been for some days prowling about the neighbourhood, and had seriously bitten several cows in the fields. A number of the inhabitants of the village assembled, and went in search of the animal, and on meeting with it a fight ensued, in which, before it could be killed, several persons were severely bitten, Two of them have since died from hydrophobia, and serious fears are entertained for the fate of three others, who are in the hospital. One of the cows bitten has shown signs of the dreadful malady, and will have to be killed. One farmer of the village had no less than thirteen cows bitten, but none of them have as yet shown any alarming symptoms. A dog, which for some time was closely engaged with the wolf and received severe bites, has been killed to prevent accidents,
|AN ENTHUSIAST.I
AN ENTHUSIAST. At the Thames police-court on Monday, a tall youth, who gave the name of William Smith, of No 2, Cut- throat-lane, Bow, was brought before Mr Selfe, charged with attempting to pick pockets. It may be necessary to state, that the Rev Hugh Allen, the incumbent of St Jude's Church, Commercial- street, Whitechapel, was appointed afternoon lecturer of the parish of St George-in-the-East, by the vestry con- stituted under Sir Benjamin Hall's Local Management Act. The Rev Bryan King, the rector of the parish, is a tractarian, and has introduced various innovations into the church service highly distasteful to a portion of the parishioners. The Rev Mr Allen, in spite of the Rev Mr King's opposition, preached his first lecture on Sunday, the 22nd of May, and there was a great mani- festation of feeling against the tractarians upon that occasion. On the 29th of May, in consequence of a request from the bishop, the Rev Hugh Allen did not preach, and there was considerable rioting near the church. On Sunday afternoon last, about 2,000 persons assembled near the church; and, when the gate and doors were opened, the sacred edifice was soon filled, The Rev Bryan King, his curates and choristers, made an attempt to proceed with the service; but the inter- ruptions, hootings, yells, and hisses prevented them doing so. The rector and his party left the church; and the police, under the instructions of Inspector Allison, of the K division, soon cleared it of the disorderly assembly, who were determined that no one should preach but the Rev Hugh Allen. Timothy Cox, a police-sergeant, No 45 K, said that, about three o'clock on Sunday afternoon, a great number of persons assembled at the parish church of St George- in-the-East to hear the Rev Hugh Allen preach; and, when the gate and doors were opened, there was a great rush. A gentleman complaiaed that the prisoner had put his hands into his fob and attempted to steal his watch. Directly afterwards there was a cry of Down with the Puseyites, three cheers for Allen," and much confusion prevailed. In consequence of the intimation given to him, he watched the prisoner, and saw him put his hands into the pockets of six gentlemen, and seized his haads as he was taking them out of the pockets of a seventh gentleman. The prisoner in his defence said: I plead not guilty. I went to see this to-do, yesterday afternoon. I did so because the Puseyites want to inoculate the people, throughout the length and breadth of the land with their papist and pagan doctrines, Mr Selfe: You are charged with attempting to pick pockets. The Prisoner: No such thing, sir. I went to hear the Rev Who Allen preach, and I am for the Established Church, and the principles of the Reformation, and Who Allen. You know him, sir? Mr Selfe: Very well, indeed. You mean the Reverend Hugh Allen. The Prisoner: Yes, sir, Who Allen; but the Puseyites are prejudiced against me because I love the Established Church, and am determined to support it through thick and thin. Mr Selfe: The Established Church is much obliged to you. Go on-go on. The Prisoner: I will uphold the Established Church. Mr Selfe: By putting your hands in other people's pockets. The Prisoner: No, sir, by putting down Popery, Pu- seyism, and Priestcraft. I never put my hands into other people's pockets. I walked up to a gentleman to get a printed bill, and here it is. The prisoner then handed a printed bill te an officer of the court, and it was headed, Puseyism Imperilling Church," and called upon the parishioners of St George-in-the-East to attend a lecture on Tuesday evening at the St George's school- room, Pell-street. Mr Sclfe: You give your address No 2, Cut-throat- lane, Bow, Middlesex. The Prisoner: Well, sir, that is not the real name of it, but it is generally called so. Mr Selfe: You had better stick to the old name: I have heard of Cut-throat-lane before. The Prisoner: Well, I don't live there. I will crush Puseyism in detail. I will support the Queen and the Establishment. I am determined to crush Popery in the Established Church. Let Bryan King join the Roman Catholic fraternity as he ought to do. I have been brought up to the Established Church. Mr Self: But not to pick pockets. The Prisoner: I have never been in prison, but I will uphold the Established Church. This is a trick of Brvan King and his brother papists-the Puseyites-to getme into trouble. I will uphold the Establishment, and not see it run down. I know the Rev Who Allen, at his house, and the Rev Mr MICaul, of St Mary's Church, in the Back-road, and they told me to uphold Protestant principles, not Popery. Mr Selfe: I suppose you had a little to drins. The Prisoner: Well, sir, I had; but I will support the Establishment without Popery, without any Puseyism, and without any intoning. and chanting, and proces- sions, and gewgaws, and bowing to the east, and curtseysing to the west. I am a regular true Protestant. You know, sir, they won't let the Rev Who Allen preach at George-in-the-East? Mr elfe: Yes, 1 know all about it. The police sergeant Cox says you don't live in Cut-throat-lane, Bow. The Prisoner: Well, sir, it is called Cut-throat-lane, Bow; but I don't live there. Mr Selfe asked the prisoner for his real address, which he declined to give; and the magistrate, after doubting whether the prisoner was in a sound state of mind or not remanded him until Thursday next. The prisoner is the son of an active custom-house officer, living in Stepney. The prisoner was in custody two years ago, on a charge of stealing fowls. He was discharged, and the police-constable who preferred the charge was dismissed from the service.
¡ DISTURBANCESHAT-ST-(iEORGE'S…
¡ DISTURBANCESHAT-ST-(iEORGE'S IN THE EAST. There was an extraordinary demonstration on Sunday afternoon, in the parish church of St George in the East. Although it was known that the Rev Hugh Allen would not attend to deliver the afternoon lecture (which he has discontinued at present in consequence of the advice of the Bishep of London) yet a large number of persons thronged to the church, and at four o'clock it was full in every part. At that time the rector (the Rev Bryan King), preceded by a choir of eight or ten young men, entered the church in procession; on their entering, as soon as the people got sight of them, a ter- rible storm of hisses and groans commenced, which con- tinued till the procession had arrived at the reading desk, when it was discovered that the minister's and choristers' places in the choir were occupied by the people. The Rev Bryan King then retired within the communion rails, the choristers remaining outside, and then commencedla chaunt which had the effect of-ami, cries of "No Puseyism," "No Pope," No Poper)- raising an increased amount of hissing and groaning, which so completely drowned the chanting that the latter was given up; After an interval of about ten minutes the rector, with his choir, retired from the church, followed t by some of the police (of whom there was a large attendance), and amid renewed groans, I hisses, and cries of Down with Ptisevism," We waut Hugh Allen," No Pol,ery," -1 Give us Hugh Allen." The congregation followed the rector and choir, and on their entering the rectory they were again greeted with hisses and groans, after which the large concourse of people quietly separated. In the evening, at the seven o'clock services, there was another demonstration of the parishioners' feelings towards the rector, who went through the service without interruption, but the hissing again commenced as soon as the preacher (we could not ascertain his name) ascended the pulpit, and it was re- peated at intervals until the service was completely over, when the rector with his choir retired, followed by cries of" No Popery," No Puseyism," and the rush was so great at the moment of the rector leaving the church, that a large number of police hurried up to guard him, or he might have been hurt. He was again groaned and hissed into the rectory, after which the people dispersed.
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A telegram was received on Monday morning, con- veying the information that the vessels engaged in laying down the Red Sea cable were within 300 miles of Aden, and that the working of the line was most satisfactory. Shipwreck and Loss of Twenty-three Lives.-The ship Lady Hood, 850 tons burden, homeward bound, from Rangoon to Liverpool, has been totally lost near the mouth of the Kroome river, in the neighbourhood of Good Kloope, and we regret to say all hands, with the exception of three seamen, perished with the ship. A letter sent to Lloyd's by the recent magistrate at Numansdorp, giving the intelligence, slates th,\t the catastrophe took place on the 20th of !?states tllilt the it appears, was laden with rice. She left Rangoon on the 24th February, her crew numbering twenty-six. The captain had on board his wife and child. About the 18th of April they sighted land, when they stood off, and soon lost sight of it. The next day it came oil to blow a heavy gale, with hazy thick weather, which con- tinued the following day, when about 4 a.m. the captain discovered he was fast driving on to a lee shore. All hands were called to wear ship, but she refused, and about five o'clock the ship struck the rocks, and almost became a total wreck. The captain was seen on the poop, endeavouring to save his wife and child, when the ship broke up, and they were drowned. The rest of the crew shared a similar fate, with the exception of three, named Charles Parrett, Henry Gray, and another, who succeeded in reaching the rocks in safety, although they were much bruised and injured. The only bodies found were the captain's wife and child, which were interred in the sands, the resident magistrate reading the burial service. The ship and cargo were only partially insured
IMISCELLANEOUS.
MISCELLANEOUS. Baron Gros, French Minister Plenipotentiary in Chm t' has arrived in Paris. The Ambassador of France and the Countess de Per signy have arrived at the residence of the French Embassy, Albert Gate House, from Paris. Mr and Mrs Charles Mathews are re-engaged at th* Haymarket Theatre, and appear in Mr Stirling Ccvae' ?y ,Everybody's Friend." > Mrs Key, mother of the man whom Sickles killed died at Baltimore on the 18th ult. She was never toM of the death of her son. The Hannibal Gazette, published in Mississippi, stat that Mr Cobden had joined Mr Horace Greelev editor of the New York Tribune, in his journey to Cali- fornia. Mr Sidney Herbert and Mrs Herbert have arrived a. their town residence from Wilton. Lord John Russei visited Mr Herbert at Wilton a day or two before h departure for London. Air Sheridan Knowles preached on Sunday rnornÎo7 at the Vernon Chapel, Bagnigge-wells-road, and a cof lection was made in aid of the Working Men's Christian Union. The Speaker has appointed the Rev Henry Drun M A, Prebendary of Salisbury, and Vicar of Braj. hill, Wiltshire, to be Chaplain to the New House of Commons. In addition to the two Italian Operas, an English Opera Company is to be established at the St James's Theatre, and arrangements are being made for an earl. opening. Sir John Bowring is preparing for the press an account of his late visit to the Philipine Islands, in her Majesty's steamer Magicienne, with special reference to the ports of Lamboango, Iloilo, and Saul, which have lately bien opened to foreign commerce. The Russian three-decked ship Sinope, Captain Ea. dogorouff, arrived at Spithead on Sunday from the Medi- terranean, bound to Cronstadt. She is pierced for 131 guns, but has only four on board, as she will receive her armament at Cronstadt. The friends and supporters of Mr Frederick Doulton. one of the candidates originally brought forward a- the late election for the borough of Lambeth, en. tertained him at dinner last Monday evening at the Bridgehouse Hotel. The dj 0? ii ?qet on the Oldbury tragedy was resumed and terminated on Monday. The verdict Ct- turned was that the deceased child, John Foster, came to his death by a wound inflicted in the neck by his mother, Hannah Foster, and that at the time she was not in a sound state of mind. The Prince- of Wales has left Italy. There is no ex- pectation of his immediate return; indeed, it is more than likely that the young prince will remain abroad until the full extent of the time originally appointed for his travels, though, of course, the direction has been con- siderably altered.—Court Journal. It is not perhaps generally known that the Duke of Calabria, who has now, on the death of Ferdinand II ascended the throne of Naples, is an artist of consider- able merit. As a sculptor he has produced many re- markable works, and has engraved many medals, which are at present in the Museum of Naples.—Bulletin, The Court Journal says that Lord Elgin has not suffered at all in personal appearance from his exposure to the climates of China and Japan. The carl appears in capital health, and is as hale and strong as when he took his departure; if anything, his complexion has a browner tinge, but that is all. Viscount and Vicountess Palmerston entertained a distinguished circle at dinner on Saturday last at Cam- bridge House, Piccadilly. Her ladyship had an assem- bly later in the evening, which was both numerously and fashionably attended. Nearly the whole corp', diplomatique and about 300 of the leading members of the aristocracy honoured her ladyship by their presence. Messrs Ward and Lock have just published a coloured map of the immediate seat of war. Although the area included is not very extensive, all the important strate- gical points are marked, including Alessandria, Vercelli. Novara, Mortara, Pavio, Piacenza, Milan, Como, and Lecco. Information of a useful and instructive character accompanies the map. On Wednesday morning the Bayswater-road was lined with vehicles of every description, and a concourse ù pedestrians that has not occurred for many years in that locality, for the purpose of witnessing the transit of the remains of the late Dent- General Sir Thomas Pictea. from the burial ground of St George's Chapel to St Pad's Cathedral. I
ITHE EMPEROR AND THE SOLDIER.
THE EMPEROR AND THE SOLDIER. A letter from Alessandria, on the 29th ult, says:— Among the wounded in the hospital at Voghera, whes he Emperor visited it, was a young soldier, who bad been hit in the shoulder by a ball, which came out a: the back. On his bed was a splendid gold lace sword- belt, and a large hat ornamented with cock's feathers, such as Austrian generals wear. In the melte at Monte- bello, the soldier happened to be near a brilliant horse. man who discharged a pistol point blank and brought niiu LU ilic ¿lvu,Dd. The Iwrociuau >,as uasnmg on. when the soldier, though seriously wounded, raised him- self by a violent effort, and gave him three or four stabs with his bayonet, which caused him to fall dead from his saddle. The soldier then possessed himself of the officer's hat and belt as trophies of war. When taken up after the fight, nearly insensible, he still grasped firmly the two objects, and they were carried with him to the hospital and hung up at the foot of his bed. This history was told to Baron Larrey, and when the Em- peror visited the hospital he repeated it to his Majesty, and called his attention to the wounded soldier. The Emperor examined the plumed hat and took up the belt The soldier, seeing several persons around his bed. raised himself a little, and extended his hand as if to protect his property; his features at the same time as- suming an expression of uneasiness, which seemed to say, What are you doing there ? That is mine!" The bystanders smiled, and the soldier only appeared re- assured when the august visitor had gone away. He little thought of the surprise that awaited him. The Emperor directed Baron Larrey to prepare a note of the man's name and exploit, and the next day at table asked for it. The Baron handed it to the Emperor, and hi, Majesty said, Monsieur le Baron, I intend to accord the cross of the Legion of Honour to this soldier, and :1S it is to you that he will in part be indebted for it. I charge you to remit it to him!" When the Baron we: to the hospital the man was asleep, but he awoke him and held the cross before him. On seeing it sparkling at the end of a red ribbon, the soldier opened his eyes wide, and when told that it was destined for him he wa, overwhelmed with astonishment and joy. The LaM dictum says, Pectus est quod facit disertos-when the heart speaks man becomes eloquent-but such certainly was not the case in this instance. Never was any mar. more moved than the poor soldier; his features testified in the strongest manner to his delight and gratitude, and yet all thanks he could stammer out were the tel: lowing:—" Monsieur, vous dire: a l'Empereur que je lui dis bieu mercier. et ditrs lui bien le bonjour ,e ma part.' And it is to be noted that the baron faithfully executed the commission.
THE NEW MAN OF SIN.
THE NEW MAN OF SIN. (From the Examiner.) Mr Charles Ross, in his notes to the Cornwallis paper. uiider the name of Mr Dobbs, a well-intentioned but eccentric individual," reminds us that this was a Mr Francis Dobbs, who" entertained the strange idea that the Union with England was forbidden both in the Bvo of Daniel and in that of Revelations, and wrote a book to prove it." We still keep up the tradition of t.ie ancients that the foolish people are the prophets. There were many prophets before Dobbs, and there have been many prophets between Dobbs and Trcvilian, all ready to affix to the greater events of the day labels cut from the Book of the Revelations,, and to recog"Me the Be?: in any man whose power gave occasion tor alarm T;¡e simpler sort of Tories of the Church in Luther s day found out the number of the Bcast in Martin Luther, Spelling his name Martin Lauter, in Greek letters, t? found their sum, as numbers, to be 666, and w.th a little latitude in speliing they discovered the Beast's number also in a Lutheran. Though men learned in unknovr,, things afterwards changed the force of the three sixes into thousands, hundreds, and tens, still there ",as generally somebody to answer to the nnmber. It used to be Napoleon Bonaparte in his day, and now JI Trevilian writes a thick volume to prove that the accom- plished Beast is his Imperial Majesty Louis NapoleJn,
[No title]
St Mary's Catholic CeMt<f?, A'eHM/-yM"? cemetery was solemnly consecrated on Monday .?' th Right Rev Dr Morris, Bishop of Troy, assisted by th Very Rev Canon O'Neal, V C, the Hon and Rev E* Stonor, the Rev J. Connolly, &c, &c. After the CoU' secration of the cemetery, the altar in the chapel consecrated, and high mass celebrated by the Rev W, ^j O'Connor. The cemetery comprises thirty ?re.'? out so that each grave forms the centre of a space .4? to four square yards. ? Bursting of the Great Gas ??'' at St Pa,,rl f ??.-On Saturday an accident occurred in the eryp of St Paul's Cathedral by the bariitin?,- of a large 981 meter, by the force of which the thick "'M??te?; which the front of the meter was composed ?, into pieces, and some of them hurled to aco? ??,? distance along the avenues of the crypt, marking the; passage upon the walls in front and a; the A very solid timber bench was severed to pi«» ■ a kind of 6h?:eld for the index of the °"!?terw? s br.? up into n?tch?d. Happily the ?.'e °^ men were at dinner at the time of the o? ccu?rr? thz result must have been of a fearful character.