The Cambria Daily Leader

GUARDIANS PUZZLED. I PHRENOLOGIST WHO FINDS PROFESSION I UNREMUNERATIVE. The Llandilo Board of Guardians on Saturday again discussed the question of a deserted wile, in which the Clerk said he had received a letter from the ne. Bryngwyn Morgan (Pro- fessor Melini), the husband. in which he said his profession as a phrenologist was not very flourishing, as the ponce v/ere down on them in London, and he could not very well make any money out of it. He was very poor, and could hardly support himself. The Hcy. Edryd Jones remarked: YOll should get him down to read the heads of the Board." (Laughter.) It was decided by thirteen votes to four to bring him before the magis- trates. Infirmary Proposal. I It was stated that plans tor an in- j lirmary for to beds had been provision- ally approved by the Local Government Board's architect, but there was a differ- ence of opinion among the Guardians as to whether 25 beds would not be suffi- cient. It was decided to again consider the plans and the question of drainage.

PARENTS PROTEST. WEST WALES SCHOOLS CLOSED BY STRIKE." Such great uneasiness has prevailed for some time in the Parish 01 llanwinio, Car- marthenshire, over the number of cases of diphtheria. prevailing in the district, that the parents of the pupils attending Cwm- bach Council Schools have proclaimed a school strike as a protest against the alleeed insanitariness of the playrooms of the school, which, in t.he opinion of the parente, it- the cause of the diseaoe. The. strike hae been so effectually done that no pupil attended school last week, and the parents are determined to continue the strike until matters are made more satisfactory.

London Hospital has received a pre- sent of game from the King.

FACES TW ON COLD MEAT DAY Y OK SAUCE J V X miWilWB—WBW The SAUCE that is good for Children, FREE SAMPLE to any Boy or I Girl applying to f Geo. Mason & Co., Ltd. Chelsea Works Walham Green London, S. W. "WHOLESOME AS THE PUREST JAM. 21 (L, 41 d, 6d. To many persons, particularly children, cold ——— JIleat is unattractive, but with the addition of this delicious sauce they will eat and enjoy Giant Bottle their meal. 7Jd. The perfect purity & deIicateflavour of O. K." has made it a recognised household asset. u ?7 0 a ?, I CAMBRIA I I PERMANENT | MONEY SOCIETY. 1 10 M -10 Sovereitne fop a 9910 ghave. Ho Dedktetteaa. R yiw &I o c..n you repay 1/9 per week for three years, bi including Principal and Interest. ?3 0 Shorter terms can be R A LOAIfS ALSO GBANTED ON DEBDa, DOCUMENTS, Ac. fh Head Offices: ARCADE CHAMBERS, GOAT ST., B 1 HENIW F. HOOD, Secretary. SWANS EA. H s ?MMM??MMMMM??MMM?????-???e???????????????? PARSONS' I I i PRIZE MEDAL | GARDEN SEEDS, 1913! "EN SEEugp' ? ??)tt<M!Be«OtM!<MM<. C<t*f!<<?M Free. | | | 6, Oxford Street, Swansea. 6. uxr &M GE2WTRAL.. 

HOME-PRODUCED MOTOR FUEL. BY. W. H. STAFFORD. LECTURER TO THE AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION. (Summary of lecture delivered to Welsh Automobile and Aero Club.) In less than twenty years motoring has revolutionised our methods of road locomotion, and the industry has now become one of the greatest importance. The motor-car is the apex of human ingenuity and adaptablcllcss; in it arc embodied the utmost skill and cicnce of the metallurgist, the engineer, the chemist, and the carriage-builder. To tho latter belongs the eminence of having given comfort and luxuriance to the completed machine; the engineer is not usually decorative, and looks account for much. Whether tor sport, business, or pleasure, the motor-car has effected a permanently improving influ- ence upon our civilisation. Conse- quently, the fuel question is one of vast importance; in London alone there are 70,000 fast road vehicles, and these and those in the provinces are continually being added to. The world's output of mineral oil is 50 million tons per annum, with a small annual increase of production, which falls far short of the proportional in- crease of motor vehicles. The petrol obtained varies'from none in some Rus- sian oils, to 14 per cent. in certain American oils, with an average of prob- ably not more than 7 per cent. There- fore it is clear that there are indications of a petrol shortage, and it becomes us to well examine our own resources. No doubt, owing to defects and the great variations in carburetters, and to the density of the oil due to the sup- pliers' propensity for "loading" it with heavy fractions, considerable waste takes place, and the top mileage is not got from the fuel used. It seems that a good opening exists for a specialist, who would take cars for test and make adjustments to enable the full efficiency of the fuel to be made use of. The proportion of air by volume to liquid petrol is about 8^500 to one, and if motorists ascertain their mileage per gallon, and the revolutions and cylinder capacity of their engines, they can get some indication as to whether they get what they ought to obtain. The motor- car engine is a gas engine, and the car- buretter is a gas-producer using liquid fuel vaporised at atmospheric tempera- ture and pressure. In the future many variations in the method of carburation are probable. There may be both liquids and solids used, or a combination of liquids, and a, partial heating up of the fuels used. Coal napthas, parafins, and even napthaline which is used in the "Albo Carbon" gas light, may all take their share in development; and even the artificial liquifaction of fuel-gasses may become commercially possible. Science will maintain the motor-car in the forefront of progress. Examining the possibility of home- produced motor spirit, quantity must be kept in view. At present we are annu- ally turning out of gasworks, tar- distilleries, coking-plants, and chemical works, probably 10 million gallons of benzol, the nearest practical substitute for petrol. Yet, strange to say, owing to existing trade sales conditions, most of this is sent abroad, to our detri- ment. Motorists might alter this state of affairs by combining together in order to collect and distribute the available supplies of benzol, paying the producers the market price, and retailing to their mutual interest. Gasworks have recently obtained powers to work up their own residues, and it is likely that we shall soon find them retaining their tars among them- selves for distillation, dispensing with parasitic middlemen, ar> thereby affect- mg economy, yielding profit and en- abling motorists to obtain their fuel. But to enable this country to be inde- pendent of foreign supplies of fuel oils tor all kinds ot internal combustion engines, operations on a scale of great magnitude must bo considered. Fortu- nately, wo can produce all the oils we require, and in doing so we shall adopt processes w hich will permit the quality of our native coals to continue the pros- perity which their quantity has hitherto yielded. It is more and more evident that our coal seams are becoming dearer and scantier, and we are turning lower- grade coals to greater account, and even the ultimate exhaustion of our coal re- sources has been nearly predicted. Therefore, any proposition put forward for the conservation of our mineral wealth deserves close examination. In an area of productive mmeralogical importance such as Swansea, such a pro- position will no doubt be properly criti- cised and thoroughly considered. 1 he obtaining of oil from coal entails the ioilcming tiajn of oj)eratiions,- 1. Low temperature distillation of the coal. 2. Collection and separation of the volatiles, 3. !>iyti;ibuti<>n gasification of graded coke. 4. Distillation of the tar for resulting oils. 5. Production of sulphate of ammonia. 6. Preparation of pitch and road materials. 7. Production of disinfectants, 8. Distiibution of industrial gas. 9. Generation and distribution of elec- tricity. All these operations must be con- ducted at the pit's mouth, and in a dis- trict where the electricity can all bt dis- posed of. The volatiles in our ooals vary from 5 per cent. in best Welsh Anthracite to 40 per cent m bituminous coals, with an average of 30 per cent.. At present with our exi-sitmg grates and coal-burn- ing appliances more than half the heat and all the valuable bye-products are wasted. Distillation of coal will bring about industrial improvements which will lighten the human burden even more than the invention of internal com- bustion engines, and the money yield will be greater than that of any other single proposal. Each locality has its own governing I peculiarities, which have to be con- sidered in relation to this matter but the aspect of great saving applies generally to the whole country. The distribution of cheap electricity would be the biggest boon the process outlined would confer upon industries. If cur- rent could be supplied at six units for a penny its use would be universal instead of occasional. Let us examine the financial aspects in relation to the Swansea district, tak- ing per ton results on a coal delivered to the plant near the pit head at 15s. per ton. and taking the known yield of the coal as a basis. We will assume the coa l to be of an average calorific value of 14,000 B.T.U.'s per lb., with, say. 80 per cent, volatiles. The distillation would give about 9,000 cubic feet of 700 B.T.U.'s gas, two-thirds of which would be used in the retail plant. Reckoning on a yield of 16cwt. of coke which, if gasified down to the ash in prcn ducers, would give about 120,000 cubic feet of 150 B.T. U's gas. The total heat units in the gas would be 120.000 x 150 v -00 20,100,000 out of the total available heat units per ton of coal of 31,360,000. Electricity can be, generated by gas-engine driven alterna- tors at an outlay of 14,000 B.T.U.'s per unit; therefore were have 20,100.000= — 14~000— 1,436 uni.ts I G 239. pence at six units a penny. The esti- mated sales then are:—■ s. d. 1,456 units at £ d 19 11 2 ga-lions benzol at Is 2 0 IkiDs sulphate of ammonia at £11 per ton 3 6 2 gallons second lignt oil at Is. 2 0 li gallons carboiic acid at 2s. 3 0 h gallon neutral 011 at 14t. 0 2 4 gallon second grade carbolic acid at Is 3 3 gallons creosote oil at 3d. 9 1 cwt pitch at £;2 per ton. 2 0 i:113 7 The labour costs and capital charges cannot be definitely shown without due reference being made to the rise oi the operations and the locality. But, tak- ing the labour and supervision as 5s. per ton, with capital charges at the same figure, it; will be seen that a very considerable margin exists tor fluctua- I tions of prices from unseen causes; and cut overall efficiency of the plant can I be considerably less than indicated. Enough has been shown to draw at- tention to the necessity for further ex- -c,sl t v foi- ex- amination, which will prove that, by putting our coal througn these processes II great possibilities are opened up, and while securing a fuel for our motor-cars and for Dusel engines tor our Navy, we shaH at the same time give our people better prospects, and our youths better opportunities. This is a, step forward, and it is a due improvement—which, while economising our reserves, will at the same time increase their useful- ness, and in the near future it is not unreasonable U) expect that the fame of I Wel.-h coal will be shared by that of I Welsh oil.

I NERVE COLLAPSE. I I with Wasting and Severs Heart Pains- I I Rhondda Man Quite Cured by I DR. CASSELL'S TABLE S I Mr. John Morris, of 75, Cemetery-rd., Trealaw, Rhondda, Glam., writes:—"As the after effects of pneumonia, for ten. long months 1 suhered severe heart- pains, 1 felt wearied and tired, and 1 ¡fe was quite a burden. I lost my ap- ?petite and began to waste away; my ?nerve,,? were terribly run down, and I was confined to my bed for some time. I tried many so called remedies, but nothing did me any good, and quite cer- tain it is if I bad not taken Dr. Cassell's Tablets I should not now be alive. After the first few doses I could sleep better— my apetite improved, the heart pains vanished and in a few weeks I was able to resume my employment." Dr. Cassell's Tablets are a revelation to those suffering from nerve and oranic weakness, digestive and kidney troubles and all diseases arising from nerve and physical debility. Price 10"d., Is. I'd., and 2s. 9d. at all chemists. A free sample box sent on receipt of 2<1. for postage, etc., to Dr. Cassell's Co., Ltd., 418, Chester-road, Manchester.

CHILDREN'S CONCERT. I CLEVER OPERETTA PERFORMED AT I THE MUMBLES PAVILION. I One of the most successful concerts ever held in connection with the Oyster- mouth Churcll Schools took place at the Promenade Pavilion on Friday (la-gt week). There was a very large attend anoe, a.nd the programme was an ex- cellent one. .A¡/ The action song, "A hunting we will go," was prettily rendered by a party ot eight little dots, and the comic dia- logue, "The Railway Porter,' was much appreciated. Miss Olive Harm and Miss Avril Linnard acquitted them- selves well in "Brittany," and "Hush, don't wake the baby" (action songs). After the interval, during which the Vicar spoke, the children gave a splen- did performance of the operetta "Pearl the 'Fishermaiden." The characters were as follows >—Daddy Wheek (a fish- erniaia ) erman), Master Gilbert Penger; Mis- tress Wheek (his wife), Miss Mary Rogers; Pearl (their daughter), Miss Eunice James Fillette (a fishermaiden), Miss Phyllis Pye; Kiug Alphonso, Mas- ter Clifford Evans Lorenzo (brigand chief), Master George Curtis; Petruach (his companion). Master Charles Paine Limenckens (King's jester), Master Collis I acke I rlJrd Chanecilor, Master Fred Pearce Mistress of the Bed Cham- ber, Miss Kathleen Orren footman Master Frank Maggs; guard, Master Stanley Claypitt Sergeant Flack, of Scotland i'arci. Master Graham Bevan. The accompanist was Miss Emma I Hughes, and the violinists were Mr R. Gammon and Mr. D. Owen. The child- ren are to be highly commended for their very admirable performance, and much credit is due to Mr. Dayid Price for organising.the concert, the proceeds of which are in aid of the Parish Churctt Band of Hope.

"IT KILLS PAIN." I THE PRESCRIPTION IS ABSO- I LUTELY FREE. I am making that statement on the basis of results," says a grateful suf- ferer, and I am sure that any one else who will use the same prescription will agree with me. t may say until just recently I haven't known what it was fro be free from pain for years. I'm positive the prescription offers certain relief whether the pain is in the nerves or of a rheumatic nature. "I understand the prescription can be filled by any chemist. It reads in this way: Get 60 grains of Kephaldol in tablet form from your nearest chemist, and take, two at once and one every hour until pain is gone. That's what I did, and I'm telling every one I know of it."

A NEW DIVISION. I ST. JOHN'S AMBULANCE BRICADE AT I J TRIMSARAN. It WflA decided on Saturday t" form a. division of too St. John Ambulance Brigade a.t TrcniBaran (Carma,rth-an), where the Deputy Commistiioner addressed a well- attended public meeting. Tliie is the first division to be formed in Carmarthenshire. M r. A. J- Griffiths being appointed hon. secretary. In his address the Deputy Gom- jiiieeioner said it had been decided to hold a camp at Portheawl during August, and he hoped the members of the new division would atlend it. The Lady Bute, Lady Lewis, and the Webb ChaUeuge Cups in connection with the Ht: John Ambulance Brigade, which the the St. of the National M U6Cum of Wale* have con&lted to hold, are now to be seen at the City Hall, Cardiff, by permission of the Lord Mayor and the City Council. They were competed i'or last year at the Welsh Natio"al fiswddfo,i, Wi-ex ba,in, at Cardiff Castle, and the Welsh National Agricul- tural Show, Swautsea. The Earl of Ilowis ha? consented to allow the Lady Bute trophy to be competed for at Pow? Castle, We?hpool. in 1915.

Ask your Grocer for CAMBRIAN PICKLES. Admitted the beet quaJity pickled on the Market. LADIES! LADIES! LADIES Should Consult or Write immediately A. NIXON, Ladles' Specialist, On All Diseases and Complaints incidental to her sex. Honrs: 9 to 10 a.m.. 1 to 3, and 6 to 9 p.m. Sundays: 6 to 9 p.m. Address: 30 RYE HILL NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE t

I PASTORS AND PEOPLE. "FORWARD OUT OF DARKNESS FORWARD IKTO LIGHT. I- WHAT THEY ARE DOING DOWN AT TH £ "HALL." I I Edlted bY" Laos." I W e work for a verdict it is not with us simply a matter ot instruction or entertainment, our great aim is to get a verdict. Thus the black haired, keen eyed fount or energy who is in charge of the Ceutï,d Hall Mis"iOlL \c "eIe sitting in his litrle private room at the Hall." t a.-e two branches as I regard the work here." said he—"saving those who have gone astray, and keep- ing those who have not. gone. On thosa two we concentrate our efforts. Mrs. Williams conducts a woman's meeting on M ends v. 3!azing a Track. "She is the daughter oi Dr. Pugli; you know—the lounder of the Forward Movement. "Hon Jong has she been in Sitaii- SCil "since last August. We have meet- ings here every night except Friday, Monday's is a prayer meeting, very weli attended. Tuesday \s we have Band of Hope and Christian Endeav- our. \e had SO at our Endeavour last week. "Wednesday evening at 7.0 Airs. lilioins and 'Sister Kai '(" have a Girls Guild; girls are taught to knit, and sew, and talked to." Thursday's the Boys Club at 7.0. The object of that is to get hold of the lads, and to interest them in something that 1?i good. There are opp?oi-tun t I e for readmg; and for games if they wish. io?,. 1.(-,adiig, an(i loi- ganies I f they i ?l b t Yes, you may say that is now being c n I ii i-g,, d, One of the Liveliest. You aid games ".Drafts, if they JI ke, or dominoes, j That is followed ov a Bible School at 8,0. "What does that mean: "\Yell, really, another name for a. Bible Cass. e cake the International Class, which is at present in Genesis. I preside, and open the subject out. and then the meeting is thrown open for questions and free discussion." "Do you get free discussion?" "Oh, wonderful; everybody is at liberty to give his opinion. It is open to everybody to accept my view, or to reject it. Discussion is perfectly free, so long as it is relevant to the topic." "YOll really have free discuSsionr" "We do; this one of the liveliest meetings I have ever attended. We can't finish. Last Thursday we were on till nearly 10 o'clock." How was Man Made? "Can you give me your idea of free discussion, and how the discussion goesr" z;. "1 ask questions; they ask questions, and a little bit of cross-examination will take place. One will give his reason, and another will give his. We get a variety of opinions, some of them are very quaint, and some are unex- pec ted." "Can you give examples?" About the creation of man. This Was the opinion given by one brother. "The Lord took some clay and moulded it into perfect condition, then be just lifted it up, and kissed it to life! JNOW I thought that was very pretty. Yes, so do 1; any more? "On that passage about Abel—"the voice of thy brothers blood cneth unto me from the ground," one brother said that colours have a voice, and that the more scarlet the colour, the shriller the sound, if we had instru- ments sharp enough, we could hear music coming from a scarlet tie, and so he interpreted that voice coming from I the ground. Cling to the Bible, my Boy." "Do you find much scepticism? j "Absolutely none. j "As to the authority of the Bible? We get sometimes 20—I have seen over 30 in the school and 1 tind won- j derful unanimity in acceptance of the Biblo an unquestionable authority, i But each one will have his peculiar way of interpreting it, notwithstand- ing. "And your method encourages that "I tell them, '1 am not so much concerned whetlier you think ridlth as that you do think. Jf I can only get you to think, you 11 thuik rightly some day. "Then we have an open-air meeting on Saturday evenings, fùHowed by a meeting inside. Some of tte 1_)c,?ti workers we've got in the place are men who were brought in from the opsn-air meeting. There are many disappoint- ments, but what we do gain more than counter-balances these. Motor Car Ride. "About Sunday. I give a short ad dress to children, as you heard on Sunday morning. 1 am making that a special feature. O' The add ress this indicated was about a motor car. Lessons were that just as the motor man looks straight ahead, and so avoids a smash, we must always look at Jesus*. The steariug gear and look tt Je.,i-iis;. head lights must be right ,and we must be careful to avoid punctures, which* cause stoppages. What I chiefly wanted to know as how much of this boys and irt, had assimilated. I have had an idea, which I may carry out yet, to in-) terrogate small boys and girls after their Sunday School lesson, and hnd actually what they carry away. I have the impression it would often he found to be something quite other than the teacher intended. I told Mr. Williams all rhis, and he said: 11 1 only asked my own two little ones. I Tommy's Find. I W hat did they say ? I They ha\'e a very good notion, one is eight years old." I said: "I want to know what I spoke about this mornf ing," iihe replied: You talked about a motor car, and that we had to ^ep our eyes ever look- wrong." "Any more? Then &he couldn't remember steer- ing gear --the name, but she remom- bered the thing, and that it we Iiad God's word in us, we wouldn t go to the pubs. 1 The (jther, nearly. 12, he had it more particularly; he had looking straight," the "steering gear," the lamps," and the "puncture"— the way ha interpreted having good tyres was that" we must iiot gptinreJ a bad temper." I Strict T.T. Sister Kate visits toe nomes 01 the people. Ail our members must be total abstainers. I am ghid to say that thingvs are locktng up in every direc- tion." Mr. Williams has 1*11 in the For- ward Movement for nearly 20 years. His father was a minister too, and he iN,a- trained at Arnold s College. Swan- sea, and at the University CoUege, Cardiff. 2 I have an idea. I may tell you ot it next week. In the meantime, will everybody oblige me by answering honestly this question:— Are you glad, or sorry, to be a Send replied addressed to me 3t the L-e-a.der" Office before next Friday morning, plea.se.

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