The Cambria Daily Leader

NEATH ABBEY WILL. Mr. Thomas George Steer, of j ii, Highland-creecent, Neath Abbey, <\ ho died on the 16th August last, left estate valued at £ 828 gross, with not for- sonalty £ 784.

PEMBROKESHIRE WILL. I Mr. Joshua Phillips, of Llystin, Nevera, Pembrokeshire, retired master mariner, who died on April 9th last, left estate of the gross value of LI,144, with net personalty £ 608. The testator left £100 to his sistf! ,Jane Da..ies, £00 and £ 10 in War Loan to his niece Mary '"Philip Davies, £ 50 to his nephew Thom?Phiiip Davios, £ 1G ean to his nephews Owen Davies. George Davies, W. H. Davies, and Joshua Davies Rnd his nieoes Phophe Sandbrook, Sarah Owen* and Martha t.lion. He left his interest .n the farm, Glandwr, Moylgrove, and his residue of the property to his brvther, Mx. Thomas Plullips, Sun Rises 7.1, Sun Sets 7.15, 1 Ligbting-up Tim6, 7.45. High Water. 5.S3 am., 5.64 p.m. King's Dock, 37ft. 4in. a.m., 38ft. 7in. p.m. I To-morrow, 6.21 a.m., 6.38 p.m. I

HOW PAPER RAISES 1 PRICES. The currency question has a close j relation to high prices, and in any I discussion of our economic situation ) its bearings have to be considered. There ia far too much paper in the country, and until the quantity it; I rcduced. whatever we do to punish ¡ the profiteer will be only a partial cufe. The one effective way of re- duc-ing paper credit is to increase I i production. We have to enlarge our visiblo wealth. The average man is not at alII clear in his mind as to how ttio i flation of currency is responsible for many of our present-day evils The.re.fore it may not be amiss if we give, here, a singularly clear expo- sition of the problem which has been Sent us as a contribution. We have to remember, in the first place, that in efiect, the result of inflation of currenc y has been to cause a quite artifk-ial appearance of wealth, li began in the fact that the Govern- ment, during the war, had to- create credit"; that is to say, to give certain people the right to draw on bankers for certain amounts, without regard to whether or not an equal addition was being made to the bankers' resources. The uevt step was that tho bankers, having no longer sufficient gold at their dis posal, had to be supplied with paper money to carry out the tran- sactions resulting from this widened credit." Before the war, there was always a good backing of real gold to the paper money in use. During the war, when paper money became the usual means of ex change, that backing fell to a very small amount and the proportion-ot gold to currency notes is now about 8.7 per cent. I It is, of course, not difficult to in I' crease a paper currency". Since the beginning of the War, the Gov- ernment has on balance issued about £ ^81,500,000 of currency notes, But, since the beginning oi the war, the production ot the necessaries in this- country has been ven; much de. creased. That is to say, the supply of money to be used in buying goods has much increased, while the supply of goods to be brought has gone down enormously. Every- body has had more money with which to bid, but there has been less and less to bid for, so that the Bidding hM run high. The amount to be purchased for 20s. has there- fore dropped. If, by a solemn Act of Parliament, everybody's money income was doubled to-morrow and. more paper currency created accordingly, it should be clear thlt no one would benefit in the least, the supply of goods remained the same. All that would happen would be that goods would cost twice as much and no one would get a larger share of themT To test the prosperity of the country, it is no use asking, "How much money have we as a nation I" The critical questions are, j. \Yhi1t is our present stock of goods, and at what rate are we producing new things to replace tf-hat is con- sumed?" Two courses are now most necessary. First: The amount of paper money in use (merely cretltinga false air of wealth) must bo reduced. It is being reduced by the Treasury. Business men, too, are suggesting that steps should be taken to see that there is a steadily increasing proportion of solid gold to paper. Second: The stock of commodities must be increased as rapidly as possible and exported as profitably as possible. This can be done only by a wise use of the national income, and by consistent saving, to furnish new capital wherewith to develop industry. These two conditions re-enforce each other. The amount of money in use decreases, while the amount of stock fcr llsegoos up. Prices, therefore, will come down rapidly, and low'prices have always been the secret of the success of our foreign are glad to note that the propaganda on production shows signs of bearing results. One of the most encouraging facts presented us recently is that a hundred men :n the employ of Brown, Bay ley's Steel Works at Sheffield have formed themselves into a society called The Ferrets," and they have determined to see what can be done for the mutual bnefit of them- selves and the firm by concentrat- ing on output. They are at work .v are at work on six furnaces, and have increased the output per furnace from 170 to 340 tons per week; this means an addition of over 50.000 tons a Tear. Th? Ferrets are paid on a tonnage basis, and the men are earning "e- j cord money. Having reached the limit of mechanical production, they J have now formed a committee to investigate the possibilities of reduc- ing wastage by improving method. This is one of the. ways by which our industrial salvation will be brought about, and by which the currency Question will be solved.

IN GERMANY TO-DAY. A SUNDAY AT AIX-LA- CHAPELLE. Ther* are infinite gradatioiis in art, but the characteristics of a country nevertheless arc* plainly marked within these gradations. 1 suppose it ought to be said that we in Wales have not .-let learned to eSpf-ess ourselves adequately, or even intelligently, in the medium of paint or in stone. A Gcúmbè John, a Gibson, an Augustus John, or a V/ilsoii 1 are in no v^ay typical of, or indebted to their native land; they bad to find their inspiration far atield. England iiaa fevOlved an art that is mainly the ombodi- mefit of middle-class eanity of feeling; its vision is boundd. and it ie still very respectable and Yrictorian. In France the artists are freer, and their art nt-Otê lovely and daring and joyous. There e,tv, no bounds to Trendh courage, and no lunits to its capacity for vision. Modern I Belgian art, eo it seemed to me when I stood in the sculpture gallery of the .Academy at Brussels, has the audacity of lrance in it, the freedom from the trammels of tradition, but it has a deeper sincerity. The Naturalist School of the Art Libre has given a strong note to the work of the painters and the sculptors; you see it in the wonderful has reliefs of AteTinier, who has carved in gton the joys and sorrows of the common people, the simple, elemental things _of life. Meunier has portrayed the workers of his country, the colliers, the labourers, the iron-puddlers. It was 1 a purely natural development, for art has entered into the blood of the Belgians. A nation cannot live under the shadow of Gothic halls of wondrous beauty, like the Hotel-de-Ville in Brussels and the Belfry at Bruges, witbout. insensibly becoming affected by beauty. What, however, has this to do I with Aix-la-Chapelle! This: coming! from the Gothic of Belgium into the Grand iose of Germany, from tlie serene loveliness of t'he Guild Houses of Brussels into the gorgeous, gelf-consience design of the ctation hall at Aix-la-Chopelle; going out into the streets of the German city and viewing its monuments, the Warriors' Monument, the Wilhelm 1. statue in the Theator-Stra^se, the marble temple commemorating the Congress of ISIS-one was afflicted by a feeling that I German art had become essentially untrue; that it had sacrificed beauty and ¡ feeling to splendour and ambition. It I was the same impression one had in other German towns—-in Crefeld, where Bismarck lords it, in bronze, over (he Krieshaus, hand on sword-hilt; on the khine bridge at Dus*eldorf, where again you get an imprereion that force, and me"e eize, are. to the German, the great matters. You cannot indict a. nation because of its art, but I think one can ¡ safely say that German art went the way I or its politics and literature, and aban- doned truth for grandeur, and beauty for the coloqtal. The station at Aix-la-t'hapelle has a cathedral-like hall, very richly decorated; but all the art of Germany did not teach its people the inner beauty. As I stood in it upon the Sunday afternoon of our arrival 1 did Dot too the gilded walls and the great deeigne; but a scene of the first war month of 19H, when the deported residents of Touvnin were threatened and insulted M their filthy horse-box train went through. And I thought of that tragic Augmtdat when th6Se poor Louvain folk were made to yet out at Aix-la-Chapelle, marched through the streets past that W, Monument—it depicts a dying .soldier to whom an angel presents the paim <5f victory!—and the women and children spat upon by beings who were mad with blood-hi £ t. Aix i,c; a place of tragic memories to Belgilirr.the city of the first concentration which burst over the little land, and the city where the finer cruelties of war were practised upon the homeless and suffering. To-day it is ruled by Belgium. Such a Nemesis! On Sunday evening: wt heard the clang- ing of many church bells in this city of Charlemagne. All the shops were'closecl— the continental Sunday i6 a much- abused term; hut I should not imagine that an appreciable proportion of the people heeded the invitation of the bells. For at the TJlis^nbninnen--a mid-town garden where the drinkers of the sulphur waters gather under an ornate Doric colonnade—hundreds of Germans, en famille, assembled to hear a Belgian mili- tary band play-&,nd the streets were crowded with promenaders. Later in tlil evening, the beer-houses filled up. We entered onè, and had great difficulty in finding an empty table. It wa £ very iin- English for a Sunday evening, but it was very respectable and humdrum. Herr Fritz and his frau, and the numerous children, drank tht-ir Bocks composedly and slowly, and a string band at the end of the room went through a programme of really good music. We saw little, if any, drunkenness in Germany, although I have read since that in the unoccupied regions it is rapidly increasing. But it would have been a wonderful thing if any- one had succumbed to the light stuff they label beer in Aix, lighter than lager, and I suppose without any of the búdy" the professional beer drinker craves to hare in his liquor. We investigated hap-hazardly the tram- way system, and had many adventures, returning unexpectedly to our place of setting-off, and by pure luck sometimes striking some of the beautiful suburbs of the city. Wherever we went, we could not help but be struck by the seemingly prosperous state of the people. They wore good clothes. In this respect there was no difference between an Aix crowd and any Sunday street scene in Swansea. But 1 fancy I could detect, upon the faces of the elder folk who stood to listrn to the Belgian band in the Elisenbrunnen, a look I of sadness as though the tragedy of Ger- many's fallen estate had gone to the soul. i. D. w. I

REVIVING TRADE. Swansea Tinplate for South Russia. Swansea, Monday.—For some time the average trade weekly has considerably in- creased, and there is reason for assuming that the trade of the port is slowly re- gaining its pre-war proportions, and ex- tending operations to several destinations closed for years. FOr instance, a week ago 300 tons of tinplates were shipped for Southern Russia, a good Customer in the past. The total trade of the week gives an increase of 20,000 tons Over the preceding week, and 33,000 tens compared with the corresponding week last year. There was an average import trade, and also ship- me.nt of coal. Exports of patent fuel were exceptionally large, and clearances of general goods substantial. Shipments of coal and patent fuel amount 1()8,9(j tons. Imports, 10,945 tons; exports, 91,731 tons; and total trade, 105,676 tons, com- pared with S6,155 totis the preceding week, and 7'2,723 tens the corresponding week -last year. Shipments of coal, 50,050 tons; patent fuel, 34,246 tons; and linplates, iron, steel, etc., 10,135 tons, the latter for Holland, France, Portugal, Italy, Java, Brazil, the Far East, and home ports. I Shipment of tinplates, 46,030 boxes, and receipts from works, 80,622 boxes. Stocks I in the dock warehouses and vans, 277,652 boxes, compared with 103,0S0 boxes the ) preceding weak, and 110.SS boxes at this date last year. V Tonnage is due to load general cargo for Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Kouen, Mar- seilles, Spanish, Portuguese and Mediter- ranean ports, Java, China, etc.

MELINGRIFFITH POTS. Llanelly Dispute to Go Before industrial Council. The dispute at the Richard Thomas Mills, Llanelly, between the tinmen and the management in regard to t.he work- ing of the Me'ingrlffith pots has been ?mpora r) y ¡Hljl:àerL I The men have reed to return to work i on condition that their • case is to be brought before the Industrial Council wiihin a mouth, and operations will be resumed to-day (Monday). The management contend that the pots can he worked by .)no man along vr[ :h a helper, while. th(. tinmen maintain that in order to have the work efficiently done it ie neee.^ary to tiaye two skilled iren it each pot. I

FOOTBALLER'S FATHER I Funeral of Late Mr. Charles Jerram. The funeral took place at Danygraig on Saturday of r. Charles Jerirti-n, Brendon," Dillwyn-road, Sketty, who died on Tuesday in the Swansea Hospital after undergoing an operation for an in- ternal complaint. He had only been in the Hospital some nine hours. The de- ceased doekaman was the father of..tlio, well-known Swansea half-back, Syd Jer- rata, now of Wigan. Only eight weeke ago Mrs. Jcrram's father—Mr. William PÓpè-diéd. Tlie mourners were: Mt. Sydney and Stanley Jerram (son?), W. Neck, F. Pope, E. Pope, G. Gammon (brothers-in- law, R. Pope (uncle), W. Gammon, W. Pope (nephews), Hughes, Evans, Bernon, Symonfi and Halliday. The funeral obseque-s were performed by the Rev. T. Moragn, Sailors' Rest, and the arrangements were carried out by Mr. D. J. Phillips, Dillwynstreet. There were numerous floral tributes. The bearers were fellow-docksmen, whilfc other workers met the procession in I Wind-street en route for the cemetery.

CRIMEAN VETERAN. Death of Haverfordwest Organ I Blower. The death has occurred at Haverford- west of Mr. Peter Jones, a Crimean veteran, who for many years past has acted as churth organ blower. He was 82 years of age, and lost a leg in the serfioe Of his country. He was very proud of his military decorations

SMASHED A WINDOW. I Havcrfordwest Lady Summons Two Young Men. I At the Haverfordwest County Sessions, on Saturday, two young men, brothers, Edward Williams and Arthur Williams, Robertson Wrathen, were summoned for doing malicious damage to a window be- longing to Miss Emma Price, Jvevston Hill. Complainant told the court that on Sunday, August 81st, the two defendants called at her house and inquired the dis- tance to Haverfordwest. Before leaving, cne of the men picked up a stono and threw it through the window. They both then ran away. Deputy C. C. James said that ladies living in small cottages ought to be pro- tected from this sort of thing. The Bench fined Edward Williams, who threw the stone, 30s., and ordered him to make good the damage, and his brother 20s.

CORPS OF COMMISSIONAIRESI • ——— Capt. Small, commanding the Bristol and Welsh Division Corps of Commis- sionaires, writes to us with reference to the report of the conviction of a man ,tle.cribe-d a.s n former, commissionaire in I our issue of the 12th and 13t h inst. He wishes us to state that this man has nerer been a m?mb?r of the Corps f Commissionaires, or connect? with them in any wM. t

TOWN TALK. Nothing 6 blessed that is not hard." —Rev. F. A. Russell (.Southport) Swansea. "0:- H Building Trade Strike we read ovei the week-end. There really is such a trade, then r — :Oi— The gae and rates at Neath are going p. T110 only thing you can expect to come down is--raiii — O- — There is no truth in irho rumour that a certar.n Swanseaite, who has a wooden leg, is to plaju for the Swans. —»r- Britonferry made a good try t-o b'at Neath oil Saturday. The extension of the borough is as far off as ever now I In spite of th6 increased cost of clothes, it is predicted that there will be a record in divorce suits at the next session. All previous records ire beaten. A Skettv double-decker" tramcar on Monday morning had about 130 passea- ger6 on board' 0: It is no when great men are naughty tha they can tel,h us, f,r lead us, but when they are at their best." Rev. F..1, Russell at Swansea. There are still optimists in the land. One of the football prophets in a Sun- day contemporary tips Swansea Town to beat Cardiff ^'ity next Saturday. —:Oi — Swansea Housing Committee on its tour of Ei-iduy passed over some country roads of excellent t !) surface and gradient. The taxicab drivers are said to be loud in their praises of these thoroughfares. Lots Of Swansea women will be in- terested to know that a novel article has been invented in the shape of a handker- chief, in the centre of which is a recep- tacle for face powder and powder puff. fen's hats are to cost more owing to the f,.Ict that operatives have been gi anted an all-round increase of wages. We thought that sooner or later the hat,-makers' demands would be felt" •Nil. Turkish bands are. reported to be roam- ing in Anatolia, causing much uneasi- ness to the authorities. But not half the uneasiness it would oau,se us if the German bands re-commenced roamin°o- this country! A London contemporary over the week- end perpetrated a remarkable bull." Describing an accident on an electric rail- way, it stated that a tramwayman was electrocuted, and that "he is now pro- gressing favourably"! -0:- South W ales farmers are complaining that the skilled agricultural workers will not return to the land, and that substitutes cannot be found. No doubt some of them think that agricultural labour is infra dig. —set- Swansea Boy Scouts are in high feather just now. A high medical authoritv makes tlie interesting statement that the average Boy Scout possesses a vital eapacify about 15 per cent, greater than the boy who ;s not a Scout. <* Did any of the Swansea Housing Com- mittee come to the conclusion on Friday that tlie borough balready a good d,4i] more land than will be required for the Accommodation of imputation and in- dustries for, eay, a hundred years? The cutting down of staffs in Govern- ment Dti-Frtment.4 lyis been l'elt in Swan- sea. A large number of young ladies em- ployed in the telephone department of the Post Office who joined the staff after the outbreak of war have been dismissed. 0: To judge by the attendance at the Swansea Housing Committee's tour on Friday, any I.-n bour criticism of the activi- ties of the committee would practically he, criticism of their own pnrty. But perhaps all those who helped by their attendance were not members! A young man was staggering up I nion-street on Saturday night "sing- ing" that pathetic ballad "I am but a poor blind boy." He couldn't have U. poor, because only rich men can afford to reach that state of intoxica- tion nowadays, but; he certainlr was c. blind "-to the world! "e f- The Mumbles, long as the weather is fine, attracts a large number of town people on Sundays. Yesterday, although the season is rather late, was no exception, Thú large number of visitors at T,ang. land Bay, unless seen, would be hardly credited, and the atmospheric conditions were ideal. Who was the first advocate of a Leagtia of Nations? A correspondent says he has noticed that a learned Eastern writer at- tributes the honour to the great Chinese philosopher, Confucius, who lived 2,100 years ago. Well, if Confucius founded a League of Nations, all that be said is that it was singularly ineffective. —i<y — Swansea is still ing side-stepped by the Disposal Board of the Ministry of Munitions in regard to sales. Cardiff is selected this week tor a sale of offica fur- niture, etc.. from the Pembrey Govern- ment works. Would it not be more economical to shift the furniture from Pembrey to Swansea than to Cardiff:- A district correspondent brings anothpr serious indictment against the depreda- tions of rats. He says that on some fHlll the rodents ore the most inveterate egg- i-hiets. How they manage to carry them away without leaving a trace behind is a mystery which cannot be solved, but that the eggs are borne oft' by rats has been proved beyond doubt. So that the sooner the" great offensive starts the better. -;o:- A correspondent writes: Believing in the good saying Buy British goods^' I always live up to it, but I am afraid that unless our match manufacturers «oon wake up, it will not be surprising if foreigners secure the trade. Last '•veek, in a box of 48 matches, British made, nine were merely stumps of wood, and about 20 others refused to strike. Nineteen matches a penny is a big strain upcn one's patriotism." -K):— In a certain cosy corner in Swansea on Saturday night there was a discussion on men's and women's attire, one man con- tending that women had no taste in dress. In fact never had, because the crinolines of the past were about as irrational as the hobbles of to-day. Then another member of the party said he was willijig h. wager that his friend would not have the. sober courage to make such cutting remarks in the presence of his wife. One of the sights of the morning for those who come in by the 8.23 ex-Oyster- mouth train is the group of warders enjoy- ing their after-breakfast smoke in the sun- shine outside the entrance rate of Swansea Prison. There was a jocular discussion among the passengers of a first-ela^s coach on Thursday as to whether the iiieti in uniform were patrer to get inside or only glad to be outside. Thp> inevitable arbi- trator intervened with the sage remark: Neither; they are not thinking anything about either; they are enjoying theii sm-oke like ma. and crood luck to them/* '.N .J

LLANELLY LIBERALS. Llwyithendy Man Appointed Agent: Romantic Career. The Liberal Association for the Lla-n- elly Parliamentary Divis&n on Saturday interviewed the throe candidates on the eliort list for the appointment of agent and organiser. The candidates were Mts. Gwilym fdris Jones, Clifton Hons*, Llwyntendy; D. Ivór Itees, Trem-y-Wawr, Burryport; and T. J. Rees, Hall-street, Ammanford. The list wis reduced to two, the voting being: T. J. Roes, Ii; G, I. Jönés, 13; and D. 10. In the final voting G. T. Jones received 21 votes and T. J. Peor, 19. Mr. Gwilym ldris Jones was then appointed. I THE NEW AGENT. I The new Liberal agent, is a nativaof Llwynhendr. When rar broke out he was engaged as a schoolmaster in Johannesburg. He joined the South African Arniy, and served in German East Africa, being invalided out of the Army in 1917. He immediately volun- teered for homo service, and Served in the cavalry till the cassation of hostilities. The appointment is an extremely popular one, Mr. Jones being well known in Llan. dly and district.