The Welshman

WHITLAND RURAL DISTRKT COUNCIL. WATER NOT FIT TO WASH :N. DOCTOR'S CRUSHING CRITICISE. The usual monthly meeting of the tbove'Councii was held at the Park Temperance Hoi el fast i fi day. The Chairman (Mr. Thos. Lewis, J !:u!gan\ resided, and there were also present: t he Hey. D. E. Williams. Henllan; John Thomas. an<l Kv:in Davies and Henry Morris. LIandissitio; T. Dav.es. Ua.nglydwen; Hy. lewis. T. Jam-es, CiiBg: W. L. Mathias. Poncho. Morgan Fh"Uips. Eglwysfair; W. Owen. Ciisti.- D" ynm J. D Williams, Egre.mcnt James Da\ t?s an d 1,(' i Davies, Lhnoo,id.v; together with the Cicrk (Mr. H. Lewis); the Surveyor (Mr. Rees Dave's titC MedicAl Onicer Iia-ms); and the Sanitary lnsp<tor M) D.m'c' Jen kins). Re Eglwyscummin R( a,d :—Complying w'th v ur request we the undersigned went o\'i' ex- <unined Hie above i'(M)d fr<tm the Red Roses to Crc'ss Roads. We noticed tha!: the r')d lizi t t-ej) c<msideraMy dama.ged by -tile heavv tc- een,tly ca,rrietl over the Mr. t:ty'n'nd. owner of the t,I,tioll engine, met is 't ihe -t'<'l, ajid after a h'ng disf'us'un Mr.R.aym'd '-tfet-bd to supply th<c' Ccunrit v. :th 30 tons cf i].' e- atone in recompense for the damage ,lol1, "ad to deliver same where required on or hefure the c:'d of January, 1911. We considered that under the circumstances that it was Letter to accept his offer on this occ-asion. We are ot opinion that no traction shouift lie allowed to carry any materials except from March to September üi eac,ll \¡F. during whic-h periu'IJ the heavy T.rafHc would n"t affe'Yt the road SH much as in winter month. — (Signed) Messrs. Thos. Lewis Wm. Thomas. W. L .Mathias, Henry Lewis. Thos. James, and Ehsv.oTth. The Chairman said that as far as he 1d -ee Mr. Raymond had acted like .a gentleman. Mr. D. Davies asked how muL'h cf ihe f'oad "10; da.ma.ged by the engine ? The Surveyor—Ab<jut 21 miles. Mr. Davids.—Then y<m deaft very tighr'v vvitb him. Mr. Wm. Thomas said they made the be.st bar- gain they coutd. Theydid n..t \vish to go'te> law but settik the matter amicably. The questi.'n might arise, if it w ere taken into Court, was t!'c road strong enough? The committee had t.ken stone to the vatue of -G9 10s.. and saved -tí12 i of having to go to law. Mr. Morris wanted to know how thirty ior? was arrived at. Mr. Wm. Thomas, said they got as much s ths.y could it was the most he would give. 1'hi- road, he added, was not sumciently strong ro 'I! I"J hea.vv traction. Mr. Morris said tha<t through the damage n.uch more stone was required in the estimate. Mr. Wm. Thom'ns disagreed Ind ')'jintt:J out tha-t the an-ount of tramc was increasin. rot oniy in Eglwyscummin but throughout the district. C<msequ€'nttv extra gfone was wantehj. Mr. Morris said tiMt Mr. Raymond ha i UR< the, Council roads as a short cut in To convev County Council material. The Chairman—But oaji 'he stop it Mr. Wm.Thomas- don't thinks'' Mr. D. E. Williams said they did m t bhut) ? the e,c,ir.,mittee. But what was to be dotlt ]n The Chairman—The di&cultv is flOW ¡t.> ::t"p it. Mr. W. Thomas said that if they went t. I 'w they would have to fight the Traction Engine Pro- very strong organ'satiof. i The Clerk (in answ er tq a. question) said he I:'id received a letter from Mr. Raymond In which he denied liability. The onus rested upon those for Wh030 benefit the work was done. Mr. D. E. Williams said that it had been stated tha-t Mr. Raymond used the heavy engine over the district roads .and a light one over the County Council roads. Yet the material he conveyed was for the latter body. He did notthink that was very gentleman! v. The Chairman s:id the wheels of the lienvv ro'ller were wider apart, and therefore did not damage the roads so much. Mr. D .E. Williams—Why doesn't he enlighten the County Council on that point ? Mr. T. Da-vies then moved tha.t the offer of thirty tons be accepted, and that the County Coumil's attention be caHed to the matter. Mr. John Thomas seconded and this was agreed tk). The Finance Committee reported that bills to the amount of L'281 Is. lOd. had been presented and passed for payment, except cne. Mr. D. Davics said the bill wa.s in order, and it was therefore passed by the Co unfit, togethe.- ,Aith the others. The Finance Committee &!so teported that the LooaJ Government Board Inspec'tor (Mr. Hib bert) had visited the village with regard to the duties of the Sanitary Inspector. He had inter- viewed the Clerk, and sta-ted that he intended to repOTt to the Local Government Board tha.t he considered the Sanitary Inspector should devote t.he whole of his time to work, and be paid an adequate salary for same. He suggested E75 or -ESO, jE5 being for inspection of buildmgs. which was outride the duties of Sanitary Inspector. Mr. Wm. Thomas thought they had bette!- teave t-li-e question they would hear ftom the Local Government Board soon enough. The next business was to constder a. commum cation from the ieceiver of the Whitland R1:- Comnany with regard to the dispt<sal of the Whit !a.nd Gas Works. The Clerk said he had also received a letter with regard to the aa.me matter from the Llangain Pà,ish Council, in wh:ch they asked the Council to poatoone the question for a month in that a puMk' meeting might be held. Mr. D. Da vies said he would propcse thnt tMttter be ieferred for a. mombh tJlen. Mr. 'Wm. Thomas seconded, and said that beica: in the midst of a great -struggle they were not in a (\()(}1 srtate to discuss tite water. This was screed to. The LIanxam Parish Coijn-il ,ilso wrot" askir.g the Counci.t what step.s 'h.qd been-t.,ikc-n nat onTy with regard t<t the aJTeged encroachment bel-o IV I 1; 1 1,c,ge d enei-c the Sohoot, but also with rep-afd .to the sand a11d'. grav-1 taken from the river by the Abbey Brook Bridge at Whitland ? i Mr. D. E. Will-ifams said he thought the ques- tion had been settled OUPe and for aU by the Chairman's t)redev--es.or. But it had cropped III) i A,gn.in, as if it had a sort of perennial youth (laughter). At the outset he wished it to be known he had no personal feeling or personal in- I terest. and he had no doubt that applied to the other members of the Council. He did not think they would hpar anything more about the alleged encroachment, but they had heard from tne Par- iah Council and others that gra.ve.1 had been taken from the Council's land near tihe river by the Surveyor amongst others without the Coun- cil's pernusaMm. Well; what was the .3ituatioii What was the history of that plot? As far as he understood no landlord or agent or individual had ever claimed the sole right of possession, t'x- ce?t the Rural District Council. The people of W hitland felt very keenly about it. It was the only public piot they had. and the only entrance I bo tile river. They oughft to investigate the mat j ter. But how were they to meet the matter? I He suggested notice boards either to the effect that: Notice is hereby given that any person or persojis at any time found taking sand or gravel from thi.s plot without nrst obtaining the con- snt of the Rural District Council will be pro se..nted. By order of the Council (signed) Rees I-), i t c-.s, Surveyor" (loud laughter). [Mr. Rees Davies, it wi)l be remembered, had taken grave' from the spot and refused to pay Is. per load i0! it. v.hieh the Council had asked.j Of course continued Mr. Williams, the Council in that wouid be oti the aggressive. He w(;uld prefer, to take the defensive and erwt a bo'urd saytn? thnt persons in W hitland or neighbourhood m?'t take the grave! free of charge, nii.I!t i:iJce tlie gravel free of clii?rge. about the Mr. Williams th?'t moved that a notice board be erected to the effect that persons might use the grav&i. Mr. H. Lewis said it would seem there was a large quantity of sand there. Mr. J. Thomas said there was a board there alre¡¡dv.. Mr. W. Thomas replied that it referred to rub- bish. Mr. D. Davies said if the plot belorged to the C!) ii wity should they take the defensive? Mr. W. Thomas said lie did no.t think they woul d be doing their duty if they passed the re- solution. Mr. D. E. Williams said he would withdraw, then and move the nrst notice be erected to the effect that no one could talc: gravel without the Council's permission. Mr. Hvan Evans seconded, and this w as agreed 10. The Chairman then asked Mr. Rees Davies, the Suneyr, tü withdraw. Mr. Rees Davies said if it w as about the graved he had atways paid 2()s. in the €. The pla.(-e did not. belong to the Council, and he hoped the matt-er would be settled in an honourable, not a dishonourable way. He had been agent to Mr. Yelverton tor 30 years, and could produce books to show lie had been paid for the gravel. Mr. D. M. Williams s'aid he should like to ask the Surveyor whether anyone, since the formation of the Council sixteen years ago, had disputed that the Council were the sole possessors of the plot ? The Survey()r-:Ù), not to my knowledge. D. Davies—Have you applied for ¡honey i- The Surveyor—No Mr. D. Davi-Will youcma long story short and pay for it ? The Surveyor—No, cettajniy not. The Surveyor then withdrew. The Clerk then read a. loft of correspondence between the lit-e Mr. Yelverton and the Counc' which the Fress were a&ked to take no notice of. Dr. Thomas a former member of the Council, was pt'esenc and made a statement to the e&ec.t That he helped to .stake out a pan. of the plot which belonged to the Counci't, the other part being claimed by Mr. Yelverton. Mr. Evan Evans thought they ought to have .) test case. Mr. R. Lewis used the teim "humbugs," and s<<id the Council thteo weeks ago had decided to make the Surveyor pay for th,-a gravel. Mr. J. Thomas proposed that they adhere to their resolution to make people pay for the gravel. Mr. Evau Evajis seconded, and th!.ea<tcned if they did not take the matt,)- up to report it to tiie Local Government Board. Mr. H. Lewis thought the rich ought to pay thd same as the poor. Mr D. E. Willta-ms suggested they should bury the past and face the future. Tihere was no notice then. Mr. D. Davies seconded Mr Williams. Mr. Thomas asked whether they would com- pn mise themselves :n thaft way. The Clerk, who was appealed to, sadd he thought, not. AN"illitins a.ppea l ed to Air. J. T l Mr. D. E. Williams appealed to Mr. J. Thomas and Mr. Evan Evans to withdraw They did Jior w ant to go to la.M Mr. Evan Evans said he would not. Mr. T. Davies said the resolution asking the Surveyor to pay was in force. Mr. D. Davies said he would then move that the standing orders be suspended in order to re- discuss the question, j Mr. D. E. Williams seconded, and it was car- ried bv ten votes to nve. ) Mr. D E. W iiliams then moved that the resolu- tion be rescinded. Mr. W Thomas seconded, and it was carried by nine vartes to four. The Surveyor w as th.en asked in and instructed to ere,t the board at once. Mr. J< hn Evans. mail driver, wrote calling attention to the da.nger -a.t Cw-mieJim Aloiia(-Ii ''ord at time of nood. He had almost, been swept f a.ay, '¡\ r.t and a.ll ,in crcssing. What was wanted was a bridge. Mr. T. Davies referred to the bridge between Lbnboidy and Eglwysfair, and said a gentleman li,f,d almost been drowned there the other dav but for timely assistance. A rail was required there. The Surveyor said that twenty years ago he recommended the LLinboidy nuthorLties'tc erect a bridge there. He added that he would prepare aji e&tima.te for a. bridge; it was very neces sary. Mr. D. Davies asked whether they had re ceived any letter about a, bridge at Rhydwilym it a bridge was needed it was there. The Surveyor replied in the negative. The nrst-uamed matter wa.% referred to a corn inittee (Messrs. J. Davies. Phillips and H. Morris) to meet the Carmarthen Rural District Council. A petitioti was received from occupiers, owners and ratepayers in' Market Street. the oldest street. asking the Council to curb ard channel both sides, and drain properly. They had helped to ply for others, and they thought it was their turn now. Mr. D. E. Williams proposed that it should b<- mcluded in tLe estima.tes—March would be soon enougli. Mr. W. Thomaa said he would agree, and this was passed. Dr. Rowland Thomas then attended, and said at the outset that he represented no one but himself. The Lo<al Government Board Act lai i if do .11 that one. ratepayer might appeal to the Local Government Bo-ard or the local authority. He therefore claimed the privilege, and attended there to oa.11 attention to the bad condition generally of the water in the place. He sa.id m one of the local papers that his friend (Mr. V.'m. Thomas), in his jocular way. said he (Dr. ?hotn=)&' produced a jug of dirty water at a PUbl' r'eet- ing———— Mr. Thomas—No, I did not. It wa& an empty jug, comtmued the doctor, vhich ha<d been used for water for twelve ir f,i,ths and which he would defy his friend to clean in 24 L hours. Th eWtutland supply, he went on, was situa-ted on the clay. and they could thank God for that He had brought the matter up when the wells were full—at a time when they were free from infectious disease. He had a speech delivered by an authority on the matter which touched upon the outbreak of typhoid, cholera and other diseases of that kind in loca'ities 1ike Whitland. It was terrible to tliink they wer" in this position that the water in summer, especi- ally after drought, sunk to such an extent th.'t if a. heavy fail followed the water percoljT:'u through, carrying with it all the nith into. the wells. However careful they were they coui j jr't prevent it. All he asked was that they should go into the matter carefully before some hundreds of their people and little children were carried away. He had examined the water, and had had an iD- dependent analysis made by Professor Sugden. of Cardiff, who declared that it was not nt for wash- ing purposes, much less for drinking. He had t had new pipes, cisterns, boilers, but they had been corroded and eaten an ay by the rust. He was, moreover, together with his family and servants slowly (lyii), of lead poisoning (laughter, and cries of "Very slowly.") They would have an epi- demic before long, but let them mark his words, it was co-ming. Mr. W. Thomas thanked Dr. Thomas, and asked whether they were going to murder tha working men who got only 15s. or 16s. a week— ("Shame" from the doctor)—by a heavy water rate to please the doctors ? Mr. D. E. Williams seconded, and assured Dr. Thomas the matter would receive attenticn.

THE WELSH BIBLE IN THE 17iH CENTURY. The following extract is taken front an ar- ticle which a.ppears in the current number of The Bible in the World the Monthly Record of the British and Foreign Bible Society):— Wales in the year 1672 possessed several re- ligious leaders who earnestly longedthat the Word of God should be introduced more fully into the lives of their fellow-countrymen. For aome year. the people had met their enthusiasm without any Marked response: but at this date a religious a.wakefning had taken place, !ajid one of its first I fruits among the masses \V,as a new desire to road, and especially to read the Scriptures. A fresh edition of 2.000 copies of the New Tes- ta men [ in Welsh—with the Psalter at the begin n)ng and Prys Psalms at the end—had been pub. Hshed in 1672. If was edited by Stephen Hughes knoM n as tt)e apostle of Carma.rthenshire," who was alao the author of an Appeal for assistance in providing <i fresli edition of the complete Welsh Bible for the large majority of the people, who could not read the English Bible. Many in our country, he wrote, have a. desire to buy Welsh Bibies as the Welsh booksellers know quite well. from the frequent inquines which have been made for them m their shops ?or many years, where they are not to he had tor money." The Ia.9t edition of fite WeMi Bible had appeared in 1654, during Cromwell's Protectorate; 6,000 copies were then printed, and the price was 6s. Thu.t the funds necessary to produce a new edition would never be forthcoming on the publishers' j side. Hughes Avas fully a-ware. As for th<' W?elsh Bible, if will be long before it will be printed, unless some mofnied man lay out a thous- and towards printing it; the booksellers in Lon- don say, -He will not la,y out our money on this j work, because an impression of 6,000 Welsh Bibles will take twenty years or fourteen years to sell (while we aye soiling about 30,000 English Bibles every year). an<d w.a, wtto live by our crafts, can I not wait so long without our money back." Stephen Hughes drew round him aJittle circle of Welsh ministers, like-minded with himself but his pla-ns still remained unshapel in the 'Hr- Two easentiaAs were lacking; an organiser, and nnan- cial support. Both of these were presently sup- plied in the form of one person. From the day that Thomas Gouge joinedthe little Bible Society, the sweeps of its scheme was assured. Thomas Gouge had been educated at Eton and Cambridge, w here ile was a fellow of King's Col- lege. In 1638 !he became vicar of St. Sepulchre s Church. London. He was one o4 thos 2,00f. clergymen ejected from the'ir livings, in conse- quence of the Act of Uniformity, shortly after the reatoraAion of Charles II. By studying the life of Jos. AUeine—next to Baxter, the most widely read of Puritan divines—he had been inspired to {oNow AUeine's design of devoting himself to the spread of the Gospel in WaJes. it was in 1672 that Gouge felt the pressure off this call', w hen he w'ns already sixty-three years of age. He re sponded alertly to thevoice within his heart, and for th., nine vears of life wMch yeft remained to him, threw hiaw,,Otf with a.1.1 his strength and deep. earnestness into the task which he had under- taken In ca,rrying out hi.. design he put great faith n the emcacy of placing religious books in the h.ndA of the people. He himself translated and publis'hed Tlie Whole Duty of Man," The Prad;<ice of Piety." the Churt-4; Catechi&m, some of his own works, and many ether books which he collected for tli,) purpose. The frequency v'iti'. which copies of the boloks issued tihrough his a.gen('v are stil'I found in aJl tMrts < f Wta.Ies shows the thoroughness as well as the liberality with wlii(-Ii they were bestowed Gouge was thus hea.rt and soui in sympathy with the aim of this primitive Welsh Bible Society, to which he attached ilimiself. To far- 'ther that aim he brought not only ttic assistatif, of his own burning zea. but also the yalua-blf !t!'I of hia influence wibh ma.ny p<nverful friends. Pro- minen't among these were John TiUotson, then CMion of St. Paul's .and subse(juen.tlv Arch- bishop of Canterbury ,and Thomas Fti' min. a I-ondon merohajit, w911 knoi%-n for his liberality. in philanthropic ca.uses Preparations for a new edition cf t!'e We!sh Bible were pushed forward, the neceHy ii-ioiir-v being raised by subscription. In 1677 and 1S'8 the edition made its appearance. A c"mplfte oopv contains the Old and New Testa men :s, the Prayer Book .the Apocrypha, and Prys' The number of Bibles prinfted in this edition has been eatima.ted at 8,000, of which 1,000 w<:re given away, while the rast were sold ..t the 1 'w price of 4s. la. cfpy. bound in calf with cla-tps. Among the heinIoomR of the Duke o.f at WohuTn Abbey, I'het-e is preserv..a a, volume of this .edition, wMch belonged to his :u)cest' the fifth Earl and nrst Duke of Bedford.

HOW MY HEALTH Was greatly improved by taking LLOYD'S WIND AND WATER PILLS, which are a certain cnre for Indiges- tion, Constipation. Bile. Wind, Piles, Gravel, Nervous- ness, Pimples, Excema, and all Liver and Stomach Troubles. Try a box, and you will b<) surprised at the result. Sold in boxes, and 2/9. WALTER LLOYO. CHEMMT MMMTHM.

AGRICULTURE. LfCE.ONCATTLE—ARE RAW OR POILEJ POTATOES nEST -I would be glad of advice on the fol1owing.(1) What will kUl Met on younp cattle? (2) Whether will mw or boiled potatoes give best results in fattening bull<x-ks or increas ing mtik in cows?—W.M. [(1) For killing )ic.j or. ca-ttle, put one ounce of powdered stavesacre into one quart of boiling water, stir we!' tog'ether cover over with a cloth. am<l a llow to stand tweht hours., then wash the parts aFected. A secon.l application must be made ten da' vs later. (2) Raw potatoes answer much better than either boifed or stemmed for stock. Great care must bo- used in ceding pota,toes to "attic if given in too targe a quantity at hrst. on .w">(nU)t of their sturchy nature they .ire apt to set up fermenta tion in the stomach and cause intestinal derang'e- ment. Commence with titree or four pounds ea;'h end of the da.y, .and increase up to about on" stone night and morning.] CROPS AND WEATHER.- The potato crop a month ago was greativ that. the Government report is issued we hnd titaf 6.45 tons per acre have been realised against 6 3f) tons last vear and 5.93 as an average for Great Britain. 1900-9 inclusive. Scottand is .shipping coast vLse to Southern Engtand. and the market is expected to be cheaper before Christmas. Hut we cannot expect -heap 'statues for 1911 Dis- ease in the liner varieties wi]) cans? their price.. to be relatively high. :JHI the diminution in the acreage proves to be so serious that oj))v 3 478 2S9 tons in all have been grown, against 3,674453 tons lest year. the yiet is of roots are gO()(1, D,3;,)2,f}$);¡ tons of mangolds and 25.613,4.53 tons of swedes and turnips. These result have given a hMip to iate buying of stoic cattle for feeding up through the winter for the spring. Prices, unfortunate'v for the fattening mterest, are high, .t-16 and even more for likely animals. Wei.fher Inn been fav- ourable on the whoff. to rthe montli just closed and the October sown corn Is remarkably healtbv Mid regular. B.arley seems a bulky crop of ro- bust secondKry gram very hue and very ]tght ai'J\ poor lots are the exceptions of the season FARMERS AND THE ELECTION.—The elections are exceedingly unwelcome to farmers who fear that they will injure the sale of fat stock, besides wrecking the large annual gath<-r ings of agriculturists, which are the feature of th.. three weeks borore Christmas. Those act.ia.!iv engaged in th" constant dai)y care needed to pre- pare tirst-rate cattle, sheeu. oig.s. turk.'Y !ee'.t<> I I I ducks, fowls etc., for the Christmas market are numbered by many thousands. and fhcv ".il! havf little time to attend meeting. Too many we fear, wil) not even reach the po!). hut ".peci'a! ef forts must be made to bring them up on that supreme d'<y The agricultural labourer in ar M-ble countie.; is it. a t'lfferent position Dccembe" finds him a good many hours of enforced leisure. and speakers making a special and direct appea! to ins interest and point of should secure un I usually good audiences. i The co-operation of farmers in this should be invited. Farmers who can affo'-d to to so a re strongly urged to suspend I thrshmg and rfsultant market tenders of grain until Christmas is passed better prices with tI'H ad/entofl9)l are almost certain MUSTARD FOR LAYING HENS.-As eggs rre three shillings a dozen in London, there is a great desire to get hens to jay as many a.s pos- sible. One of th( daily papers reports experi- ments. which show. we are told. that mustard. J' judiciously given, has a wonderfut en'ect in induc- ing the hens to lay. It is stated that the use of spices and drugs to induce egg production is usu- ally pernicious, but mustard is held to bp h'fe from any objection a.s an aid to winter production. The experiment was carried out on :a exposed mountain farm in Wales by Mr. Ralph R Alien, vice-president of the Poultry Club. and editor of Monthly Hints on Poultry. It began on Oc- tober 1st 1909 and Huff Orpington pullets were experimented on. bnds tlut had nev<r hid an ) were as nearly alike as possible. Food was served plain to six birds in cue pen. and with the addition of one t&aspoonful of mustard to six in another pen. At the end of six months the birds fed with ordinary food had laid 369 .eggs, valued at 48s. lUd whereas the birds fed vith the mustard ad dition to their food had laid 532 eggs. valued at 71s. 5d. At the end of the year the birds fed 0[. the ordinary food had laid 914 eggs. valued at 97s. 6d., as against 1,023 eggs, valued at 115s. 2d. laid by the mustard-fed birds. The cost of mus- tard worked out at 7!d. per bird for the year fh extra, pront gained by mustard feeding equals more than 2s. 4d a bird. During the winter months the extra pront was 3s 5d. a bird. Fur- ther experiments clearly indicated (says Mr. Alien, in his pamphlet) that the hatching quali- ties of their eggs had been in no way weakens 1 by the addition of mustard to the feed. SHEEP WITH ULCERATED FACES.—I should be glad if the Editor would give his opinion on the following. I was much troubled last summer with a disease in some of my sheep. The face, poll. and ears was one big sore. The ears were thick and felt very hot. During the hot weather I had to put them in all the day time be- cause of the nies. As the weather became cold the sores seem to heal up, and af present the scab on the face and ears look very much like ring- worm in cattle. I have those attacked isolated. Is there a disease like this well known ? Is it contagious, and is there a remedy.—Amaeth.vr. [This troublesome and highly inoculative com- plaint is as a rule mostly seen at the end of the summer months, particularly in hot and showery weather, more so if the sheep are pasturing on land where the grass is long and rank and is known by the i-ktme of Ram rot or Moist: mang. The affectkn is a form of eczema. making itssJf manifest by a. pustular rupture or ra?h about, th?' mouth followed by utceration. which 30on:extends over the face and head, an I ft tim.es the legs and the top of the h<*ofs are badly an'ee'ted: the discharge fron: the. sores is very inoculative. The no'n-an'ccttd anima.U; should be removed aut1 put on to a fresh pasture. where the herbage is short and sw eet. The sores on the affected animals can be dre.s.f.d with the following mixture, say, two ources of nnely pon- dered starch, ont: (nme of powdered boracic acid and a quarter of an ounce of iodo'form. all well mixed together. Put a small quantity of thf powder into a pepper box and dust the sores once a day. The parts must not be washed on any account .as this only aggravates and extends the sores. Changing the pastures has the best HORSE'S AGE &The author of the Book of the Horse tells ho'-v the ag? of a. horse can be shown with absolute certainty <ip to thirty years Do. you think this is reasonable? There is an other matter upon which I should like your opin- ion. I have taken a barren heifer in from gra.ss. and am feeding her t.ith turnips, hay. cake. -u' mea.1 (linseed and barley). She is more ?h?n ha?f fat and seems to be doing all tight, but she slob- bers so over her grub. Sometimes there s halt ,t bucket of liquid in the manger. We saw nothtng ryf this when she was at grass. Can you suggest a. <"iu!-t6 for this? I have never had sucl' an oc currence before. Your attention will much ob lige.—H. J. R. [The age of thejiorse can b" flirty well and approximatelyknown up to the age of thirty years. The dark groove seen on the crowns of the incisors—nippers or* front teeth —(Hi the lower jaw are nearly wom out as foUcw s -At six years old from the two middle teeth. <)t seven years old from the two laterals, and at eight en 1' olj from the corner t<'eth at ten vears the mark is nearly obliterated in the middle upper incisors. a.t twelve years, the laterals, and at fourteen years th-, corners, a.nd according to Gal- vayne and ha is fairly HcuratR, at ten year. old a da.rk yellow f coloured .nark of an inverted Y shape (but which Is not always present) makes its appearance on the upper and middle part of the j corner teeth in the upper jaw, close to the gums. "nd about 1 of a.n inch long; at sixteen years of age the mark is a bout haM-wav down the tooth. and at twejity-one v'e%r,, it is extended to the bot- tom of Ihe f/ooth. at twenty-six years the upper part of the tooth is qurte clear, and the mark ex tended about half-way up the tooth from the bottom, while at thirty years ver\- little of <'hf mark is ob<!emble—it grows out as it were. ? e would recommend o jierist to send P.O. for OlH shilling to Messrs John Murray. Albemarle St. London. for a copy of the late Prof. Sir George Bjrown's pamphlet on Dentition it is well worth the money, nay. dirt cheap. Referring to the barren heifer, the cause of the excessive saliva- tion (PtyaJism) may he due to some sores in th<- mouth, or a foreign body sticking amongst the teeth or irregular wea.r of the teeth. Exqmin(, the nwmtb. -and see if aTiythii)g wrong can be dis- covered. It may. however. probaMy arise fror. irritation of the gla.nds of the mouth or stomach If nothing wrong cajt be seen in. the month try half ?<n ounce (J1 carbonate of soda. mixed in the food once a dav for a week or ten d,,ivs.1 AIR,AND SUNLIGHT FOR POULTRY —Oxy j' gen is probably the supreme element in sustenance of theanimal body. Poultrv hnuses are made to limit the supply of fresh air. Her.ce. what -n'e known as open-fronted lioiiqe4, as described in th.. Report on the PoiJtry Industry in America. ire recommended. Upon tb--4re the inustrate<i Poult rv Recor l says;—"What. ire known .s open-fronted dwellings for fo" Is are coming more and more into use. To tliege the term three-walled poultry houses may be applied. They vary considerably in size and t'esign. but the 8am", priiciple should be ftp-Dlied in all caae-s. In them ) the front is made wholly <'for pfeferencp) or part\" of wire netting, and never closed in any way winter or summer, and the birds roost at the back. The result is tJha<t there is 3. free circula.tton of mr without draught. Having to face climatic condi- tions seldom known to u&. American breeders were fearful about the effL-4-ts upon their fowls, expect- ing,they would be frozen to death, and, therefore. curtain fronts, either to the house itself, or Im- mediately in front of the perches, were used. but even these are now being discarded, as they are found needless and useless. A moment's renec tion \vill affor j an explanation of w.hat a.ppeat!'d at firsts shutting phenomenon. When a gale ia blowing w.e go '.ij)to a shallow doorway and cat: light our pipe tn comfort. The wind appears to rush past, and does not disturb tlie,atmosl)lie,,e w hich \ve a,re standing But let there be a chink in the door, so that a draught is caused, then it needs a. clever ma.n to keep a match alight. These open-fronted houses must be weli-made, airtight in fact, except so far as the front is concerned.' but nothing in the way of double waILs or even lining i.s needed, so Tong as the timber is good and sub- stantial. Under such conditions the fowls ar> quite comfortable; n fact, n ore so th;)n when they are ordinary dose houses, and it will be found that on. the coldest night frost does not re,i,eii them. or, if it does, is without hal'mfuln'- suks. Their feathers give ail the prcteotior- needed. It is damp which brings trouble, and, wheu -ombined with low temper:ttnre. causes frosted coitbs, chills, etc.. \vhich are pr:)C;ticaI)v unknown in Whether the poultry ha.ve perma-nent or portahle buildings to roost in, whether scratching sheds or smalt huts are used. whether kept in yards or on the opt-'t f'.elds, let one side, that to ence in winter, and <<tway. a\vay from prevailing winds, be open night and day. winter and su;')- mer. and the birds will show tlieir appreciation. In some of the newer forms of pouttrv houses half of one side i8 ¡boarded and li;ilf netted: ""th a. sliding shutter. I nnd many })eople \\bo thes? are so fearful to'' their fowls that they close them up if the Iher.r.ometer registprs into the thirties Fahr. If wontd be better to avofd temp- ta.tion by removing: the shutters altogether. or they are har.nful. If not t here they co'ul-1 not be used. WARMTH FOR PIGS.—As with all other stock warmth for pigs is equivalent to a certain amount of food, and it has been found that pigs housed in warm, dry sties thrive better and -)!so gro\v faster. Damp beds are a ease, a.nd where ¡;: ucb straw is given d once it apt to be left too long, so that the better course: is to' furnish only a moderata quantity, and t,) lemove it when it becomes damp or dirty. Abun- dant sunshine helps to keep things sweet and pure. A w tiler on this subje 't has very sensibly said;: "The men who ar<* spending the most money for loud-smelling disinfectants :')'e the ones who fail to apprecia-te Nature' s best gift to man— sttnshine. It is the source of life to vegetables and ;t a-linals. 3he, wood and coal we feed ou' nres with are but stored-up sunshine. Sunshine warms and cheers It is essential to life. It is <)& essential to health. Its pow er to destroy germs "t disease is reallly a new discovery. Our mothers knew the value of sunshine as a sweetener of milk crocks and feather beds. but the win- they kne\\ not, but so long as they loved tidiness and sweet- ness in the milk room and home !and were care- ful to keep the crocks and feather beds sweet by exposure to the sun they werl- killing n.icrobe., just as surely as did the scientist who prove d his work, and gave us tihe result of:his patient effort.' Growing pigs. and especially tho'se ,'{eS'Îgned: f6 breeding stock, hould be ab'ndantly nourished on foods rich in pr<!tein, since these favour t-h.3 dev.'l<.p)uent of rxtb bone and Mi 1 i lings are the best single feeling stiiff, and should be extensively used whenever possiMe- Ground; neld was n.av also !e used. Skim milk 4nd but- tar-TY'jHk are of t'he highe-t va1\ An ideal mix ture sliould be four pounds of skim milk, t\() pou?dis of nhddlings, and one po'md of corn mea? for youag pigs. Witit gcod pasture and al>un,l I a.n't e'xercise pigsdesignel for breeding purpose. can h(' fed practically to tIie Hmit of their de sire. SMALL OWNERS v. SMALL TRNANTS—Thc Rural League, 110. Strand, puts forwar.' an ur. portant ple:i. for the new candidates being asked to support Mr. Jesse Collings's Land Bill, and making this the chie'' question of the ejection. In a single week recently, as the league sho\v.s, tlie agricultural land advertised for sale by public auction (aud probably as much again was or sal ? by priv:n;e treity) made a total of 72,622a. Ir. 6p. And, as tb& league authority go on to say, '?the pitiable business about the whole .tftaif ? ;Iia,t t,he farmers w hose land w as sold now nearly all have new landlords, instead of being their own landlords; and probably most of the new owncra know little or nothing about agricultural land, or of the tenants, who come under their control. It the farmers and small holders of the above lan'l had been allowed to buy it by the aid of Mr. J. Collings's Lajid Bill, the rural population would ha,ve received a most welcome increase." Ato" I person only to every ten acres, 7.262 people a!- rady interested in the Moit-.wonid have been en. a.Med to take rcot where they were attached. Withard to tite rela-tive merits of tenancy aj]d ownership ;13 they anect the small lioldei- we can- rot do better than examine some practical ex- v,.n.ple:o.: of each form of tenure. The WOret18ter- cl ire County Council and the Norfolk County Council have been a'nong the few local :.utbor)- ties which have put the Small Holdings Act of 1892 into opera.tion. These authorities have pur- cht&ed certain areas of land for the purpose ot small lioMings. The Norfolk County Council h <ve adopted tlie sy&teni ot tenancy. They charge tht) tt r ants such rent as will in nfty years recoup the Council the whole cast of the land, together with interest and expenses. Thus the small holders wlose rents and labour have enabled the councd to become the possessors of the land free from lial ility will themselves rema.in in the same posi- tion asthat in which they started—namely, as mere tena.nts. with no proprietary rights in the soiL The Worcestershire County Council, on tl'e other band, have sold the small hoJdings to the lalourers and others, the purchase money (in- terest and sinking fund) tto be icpaid by the hold ers by :v.early instalm,ntf> extending over a period o:' 40 vears. The advantage of this system to thr cultivator is evident. The holding M ltis own However much be may improve the land by skill and labour the whole value of tlie improvement is his own. He can at any time, if he wisihes. sell his holding, with all its increased value, to an- other cultiva.tor or, in the cafte of death, he act) leave it for the benent of his famiily. No doubt the sum required by the Small Holdings Act 1892 (20 per cent.) to be paid down at the time of purchase preventt, many labourers and others from becoming owners; and it is better that county councils shoutd acquire land than that they should not deal with the Act at all. Under the purchase of Land (England and Wales) Bill, however, the ifficult,Y as to the nrst payment would noft exist, s the Board of Agriculture could advance to labourers and others nUiC-tenths of the purchase money a.nd in suitable cases the whole of it. GENUINE MILK.—Is milk always genuine, )f t'nadultera.ted? A great surprise has been sprung upon milk vendors and milk consumers alike by an im,p(wtmt case lately heard in the Jhcun- burgh Sheriff Court, wit hth<? view of having n auppeaJed to the Supreme Court in order to have a. legal denniti<m of whàt is genuine milk. The prosecution did not allege that the milk wa.s adul- terated, as they had gone to the byres and seen the cows milked, and the samples then taken were precisely of the same quality as that which gave rise .to the prosecution. The basis of the prosecu- tion was that the milk was not up to the stand- ard. and the prosecution wanted an authoritative legal finding a<s to whether that milk as drawn from the cow could be cailed genuine milk or not. A seven days' proof was heard onthe case in the early part of the month.a.nd the debate was nxed to be heard on an earlv date next month. But before the debate has been heard Mr. Lament, farmer, Kilellan, Toward, '-rings before the Supreme Court ac appeal ag-unst a Sheriff Court decision holding him guiltv of supplying milk which wa,<; not genuine, in respect that it was .28 p?r cent. below the standard. And here one can- not but remark on the nature of the evidence on which that decision was given. The milk was practical Jv <ii- one-fourth of a. per cent. under the standard, the samples were takeh after it had been conveyed some distance in milk vessels. 90 that an accurate sample could not be had, and hundreds of well-bred and well-few cows fre- quently yield milk under the quality of the milk I here 'taken. Mr. La.mont had brought hi, mother and his servants to the Sheriff Court to testify tha-t the milk as sold was precisely as drawn from the cows. but for all that the Sherin t had convicted him of selling milk which was not I genuine, in respect that it was not up to that I<u'bitnlr'y standard. When the appeal came be- fore the Supreme Court the three judges unani- mou.s!y quashed the conviction appealed agaJnst. and atlowed appellant 10 gns. of expenses Thu judges also spoke out strongly regarding the onus on the milk: vendors Tihcy all. .held' thart: if t&e milk vendor brought the peopI.M and servants who were responsible for the drawing a.n<l the hajtd Jing of the milk to testify that the milk was pre- cisely as it was drawn from tlt,, cows he had suffi- ctently discliarged the onus put upon him by the Sate of Milk Regulations. It cannot be said. how- ever, that this decision of Die Supreme Court governs every ease of pro'aecution for selling milk below th? standard. It does not govern a case such 86 thn.t of Smithies v. Bridges, where the milk was undoubtedly sold as it came from the cows after an intervil of sixteen hours. Nor dOes, it govern, a. case <tf improper f.èing, for as Lord ArdwAUsaid—"Hec<mid imagine similar cases where a cow was so treated as to give milk wMch waanot normal milk at alL Thatpos-sibly might ha.ppen. Feeding it mainly on liquid draF would' do it." To all appearance, however, this decision ot th< Supreme Court will govern the important case now before the Sheriff Court ajid similar cases of milk cleanly f..nd fully milked from the cow after a regular interval. Hhg cow being also properly fed. The wonder is that no one ever thought of taking an a.ppeaj to tHe Supreme Court on the subject before.

)<<?m?'?-BUTTER S ??'a COMtURNCa' B??' 'iL ???. ?' ? The o<dest, most reliable Engtish Anticto m?iP?? ???*?'?St?wiM? 'fop gMng an even Cow9<!p.oototU't? t? '?T? ??N B"Mer at alt Seasons, eapeciatty when Cows are dt7 food. In bottl.. 86d. 1/ 21-, 51; e. .140\0; ,aIt,Chem19t8 and in Dairr m ?' J ? ? ? Proprietor.. OLOFIELD..PATT1NSON. MaK.te,. [7333

MARKETS. CABMAETHKN. Saturday.—Quotationa as fo!)owa :— Cask butter. 13d per tb: fresh buttf)r, )4d to 15d per Ib. Dreasfd ppultry: Fowta, 39 6d to as Od per cotiple ;.ducks, 3a Od to 4o Od each geene and turkeys., lOd per Ib. Eggs, 7 for lm Cheese, 36" Od per cwt NEWCASTLE EM.LYN, Friday.—Prices were as follows Porkers, 7a 6d to 7s 9d per score: weavers, from 9 to 11 weeks old, 1,5,1 Od to 18s 6d each aheep. 2-d to 3d per Ib.. lambs, 3}d to 3!d per Ib calvea, 4d to 41d per Ib i yoninf fowts (alive), 6d per lb old ditto, s to 3" Od per couple; ducks (alive), 6d J>fJr Ib; dead and trussed. 23 6d to 3a Od (ach. Evga. S tor a lh. Fresh butter. in roIlM, Is Id to Is 2d per Ib ditto, in unsalted lump8 amd in tuba. In per lb. CORK Liverjf<.)Ol T.uesday.—Wheat, moderal* trade 84: about -b riday's prices to oc<!asionally id,. dearer No. 1 Manitoba 7s. 6d. tJ) 7s. (3id'. No. 2. 7s. 3d. to 7s. 4d.; No. 7; 2d: futures -De,-ember 6.s. 10a<i. Marctj 7s. Ogd.. May 7s. lid. Maize quiet <tt }d. to jd. over Friday-mixed 5s. 5d. to 56. 51d. Pla.e 4s 541-d.It-o 4s. Std.; futures—no busi- ness. Beans unchanged. Peas-Canadian, 7s. 6d. Flour unchanged. rather fine; winjd. S.E. HuU, Tueaday.—Very little corn allowing, and prices continue firm, wlieat dearer, making from. :32s. 6d. to 33s. Barley 2&. to 29s. Oats 17s. to 18s. 6d. Beans 31s. to 31s. 6d. Plate maize 21s. per qr. CATTLE Salford. Tuesday—Trade slow and. prices mostly unaltered. Fair trade for choice sheep, but other sot'tsslow. Quotations: Ca-tftle 4d. to 6d. sheep 41.d. to 8d.: caJves 6id. to. 8d. At maj- ket: C'a.ttle, 147; sheep 1,570 fewer: and calves. 93. Roatth, Cardiff, Ttiesday.-Herokord catttle were. quoted at this market from 6d. to 6id. pee Ib., fa.t <ows 5;d..to 6d., wetihers. 7d., eWes 5d. to tjid., pigs: porkers 13s. per score (top price), bacouer&, 10s. As usual a choice lot of meat in the ei,i,ease: market—prime sides o fbeef áld. to Ogd. per Ib.. extra choice 6d,, seconds 5'd. to 5§J., beat hmd- quarters 7d. to 7sd., sounds 6!d. to 64 d,, best iorequarters 4id., seconds 4id. to 41d., ewe titttt- ton od., lamb 7d. to 7id. Trade dull. Birmingham, Tuesday. Beasts and sh<.ep scarce and, busuiLCss dull. Herefocds ï Ú., shor'tJiorntt to 7-,Id. buHs and cow oS ? 1. to J. wether sheep 7-ld. to ö!d., ewes and t&ms c'J. -ti) 6id per lb. Very large supply of pigs and de- mand quiet—bacons 10s. 3d., cutters iOs bd to 10s. 10d.. pockets Us. 6d. to 12s., CQre. BUTTER. Cork, Tuesday. -F.irt¡-$. 9 7s.. col1;{ls thirds. 8-1&, fourths S(; urne 888 choice 86s., a.nd fresh from 99& to 8Z8. per owt POTATOES. L);Ttd<m. T!ies !)v- I. ade slow., -.lu.ot<.lrti.ulB.: Blacktands 60s. to Queens .to SOs. U p-to-Dates 706. to 80s.. Ma.incrop 'fts to 35s., Kents 70s. to 80s., Essex 70s. to .os.. Lm<;cbi& 70s. tp 80s., a.nd: Scotch 65s.. to 80s. pet 1.on. >

The Rev. J. R. Junes, B A. (vicar), presided ovet & meeting convened at Lifiudy,"a to constder the feasi- bility of forming a local branch of the Church of England Men's Society in connection with the pariah church. After di"esing the matter it was agreed unanimously to open a branch fof a provisional term of three moutb.4, after which, if the movement be well hupported, to regi-'ter it af a permanent br:u]ch. MM. EDDY DfAD.-MrM Mary Baknr Eddy, the fotmdet of the CtuMthm t3,ieuue Church, died last Sunday morning at her re"!dence near Boton, aged 89. She was three times married. It is not kn«wu who will be her successor aa the fupreme head of the Christian Science organisation. There ia a poafibility of an in- ennrectiom which will destroy the unity of the church. It is understood that Mrf Eddy's managers settled the question of her successor some time ago, but no one knows yet how the Christian Scieutisto in America and elsewhere will accept the new regime. lu writing her book, Science and Heakh." which brought her .EaO.OOO and enabled her to buy an estate. Mrs Eddy, like many of her foitowers, behoved that fhe Wftili directly inspired.

THE QUESTION OF HEALL'M There is an old saying, A etitch in time sa VfJa nine," and if upon the nret symptoms of any- thing being wrong with our health we were to resor t to some simple but proper means of cor- recting the mischief, nine-tenths of the auSenng that invades our homes would be avoided. The body ia a machine full of intricate and delicate mecnaatsna. and when one part is impeded it gradually throrwa the whole out of gear unleea it ia quickty put right. A cold, a ctuU, a touch of indjgeation or liver complaint, a pain in the loins, or the little indacretiona to which in the hurry and turmoil of life we are all prone (eucb aa eating too quickly, not taJnng aumcient reat. 'worrying too much over our troubtea, etc., etc.), all tend to bring about a deadlock in some part of the human mechanism, or a weakening and alow ing down of the whole. A good bracing tonic, one that will re-vitalise and wind up all the machinery, wit) at such timet) work greater won dera than a long course ef nauseous medicmee. A dose of Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters taken when you feel the least bit out of aorta is just that 'stitch in time." The question of health is matter which ia sure to concern us at one time or another, eapeciaiiy when Innuenza ia eo prevalent as it ia just now, so it is well to know what to tttke to ward off an attack of this most weakening disease, this epidemic catarrh or cold of an ag gravated kind, to combat it whilst under it< baleful influence, and particularly after an attack, for then the system is ao towered aa to be liabte to the most dangerous of complaints. Gwilym Evans's Quinine Bitters ia acknowledged by all who have given it a fair trial to be the beet SRecinc remedy for dealing with Influenza in al! its varioua stages, being a Preparation skilfully prepared with Quinine, and accompanied wito other blood purifying and enriching agents, suit- able for the liver, digestion, and all those ail- ments requiring tonic strengthening and nerve increasing properties. It is invaluable for those suffering with colds, pneumonia., or any serious illneas, or prostration caused by sleeplessness, or worry of any kind, when the body has a general feeling of weakness and lassitude. Don t, delay. but try it now. Send for a copy of thea,pblet of testimonials, which carefully read &nd consider well, then buy a bottle (aold in two sizea, 2s. 9d. and 4s. 6d.) at your nearest Chemist or Storee, but when purchasing see that the name "Gwilym Evans is on the label, stamp and bottle, fof without which none are genuine. Sole Proprietors :-Quinine Bitters Manufao- tnnng Ompogy, Ljwi, t4U'y. S0140 W..