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CARMARTHENSHIRE EDUCATION1…
CARMARTHENSHIRE EDUCATION 1 COMMITTEE. The Carmarthenshire Education Committee held its monthly meeting in the County Offices on 'Jhursday last week, Mr. John Lloyd, J.P., Peny- t&nk, presiding. Other members in attendance v. ere: Rs»v. \Y. Davies, Llaridilo Rev .R. H. Jones, Llonge>ndeii ne; Ryv. Professor D E. Jones Tirydail. Rev .B .H umphreys. Felinfoel Rev .J. H .liees, iiurry Port Airs, Lloyd. Llanelly; Mr. John Johns, Parceitlun Mr. D. Evans, Manor- daf Mr. W. N .Jones, Tirydail; Mr. T. Barrett GlynwaUs; Mr. H. Jones Thon gs, Penrhos; Mr. J Li. Thomas, Pontardulais: Mr. Ben Evans, PsncaJsr • Mr. W. B. Jones, Llanelly; and the Clerk (Mr. J. W. Nicholas). A letter was received from Mr. Lewis Bishop, agent to Lord Dynevor, to the effect that his lordship would be willing to sell an acre of land for a school at Garnant abutting on the new road. All minerals were to bo reserved to his lordship, and the local Educvtion Committee were to pay all his lordship's legal and other expenses, and to pay half the cost of making the road. Loru Dynevor reserved the right to build right up to the boundaries, and did not guarantee air or iight. The Council were to pay any land taycs imposed under the Finance Bill The Clerk said that. no price v as quoted in the letter, and he had received no reply to his com- munication asking what i.ho price to be charged •?:as. Mr. John Joh :s--Xo doubt he is giving the land for nothing with all thoso conditions. Mr. W. N. Jones did not -hink the conditions unreasonable, --nd the matter was left in the hards of the Clerk. The Charity Commissioners forwarded a cheque for €150, the amount due to the parish cf LJan- sadv. rn for the erection of a schoolmaster's house, and although the Clerk stated lie could not trace the amount referred to in the scheme, it was de- cided to keep the money. BORDER CHILDREN. The Committee appointed to confer with the Glamorganshire authority regarding the payment for Border ehildren. reported that at the meet it.,g held at Cardiff on December 21st, 1909. it had been ascertained that 154 children from Car- marthenshire attended school in Glamorganshire, and of these 113 attended the Cwmllynfell schook, 30 children from Glamorganshire at- tended the Carmarthenshire schools. In the year 1893 the Llaiulilofawr School Board had entered into an agreement with the School Board of the parish cf Llangaicke to a contribution for the ejection of 60 children, and a sum of £70 9s. 7d. had teen paid up until the 29th September, 1902. Ihe Conference had agreed that the contribution agreed upon by the I landilo School Board should bo paid up to 29th September 1909, but that from that date that the- sum payable be 23s. a Lead yearly for the number of Carmarthenshire children attending school in Glamorganshire, ess the number of Glamorganshire children attending school in Carmarthenshire. This agreement was to continue in force for three years. In reply to Mr. W. N. Jones, the Clerk stated that the cost to rate in Glamorganshire was from 2.58. to 26s. per head, while in Cirmarthensbli-e it was only los. t head. The Carmarthenshire dele- gates tried all they could to get the amount re- duced but without success, the Glamorganshire representatives stating if they did rot get 23s. they would close the schools ;!gair>st the- child- ren Mr. John Johns.thought the committee were relieving the people on the spot, who would have to pay for the building of a new schfiol, and were putting this charge upon the whole county. Re-v. R. H. Jcn&s—That will mean about £ 130 a year. Thù Clerk explained that the Glamorganshire representatiy; id they W3re so overcrowded at Cwmllynfell that they would be glad if Car- marthenshire took their children away. The Mirr to be paid for the period up to September. 1909 was distinctly in their favour, as they only had to pay for 60 children. It was decided to accept the. agreement. BAND PRACTICES IN SCHOOLS. The local managers of the Kidwelly Group Schools roferroo for -,he consideration of the com- mittee the application of the Mynyddcerrig Band for permission to hold practices in the Mountain School cls»ss-mom, and that of the Kidwelly Town Bfnd for similar consent in Hillside School. Mr. John Johns in moving that the application be granted, said that when he had brought for- ward the matter before ,the objection was that it could not be re-opened within six months. That period had now elapsed. The members of the land were willing to pay the cleaner for her extra work. Mf3. Lloyd seconded, and said that she thought they ought to encourage must:- Mr DLvid Evans thought that in some (ases th^v had supported the. action of the local manag- ers in refusing to grant such permission. Mr W N Jones believed it would be better for them to lay down a general rllle, he did not care which way it was. or they would do some thing which would lead to a good deal of un- pleasantness throughout the county In the course of the discission, in the course of which complaints were made of the vitiated it. roofcphero in consequence of smoking, and the ill ■ effects upon the children going to school next day. Mr. D .Evans thought they ought not to allow their schools to be used for any but school pu"- JKKKH 1t was a loss to them. because the pre- mises uere damaged, and the atmosphere reeked with tobacco smoke. In country places, unfor- ti nately there was no other room, and they were therefore almost bound to grant permission when their hotter judgment told them they ought not to. Ultimately seven voted for the motion and four against. Mr. W. N. Jones asked if this was to guide local managers throughout the county ? He hap- pened to know that a largo number of local man- agers had refused such permission to bands. Mr. J. Johns—My motion has r-ot-hing to do with the managers. Mr. W. N. Jones—I am not addressing you. I am addressing the Ihair. The Clerk said that there was a rule which al. lowed the managers to let the schools for political meetings and other purposes not inconsistent n ith. the character of the buildings. The manag- ers ware in some doubt at times, and they de. ferred cases such as bands and theatrical per- formances to the committee. VARIOUS. It was reported that the two highest agricul- tutal scholars at Aberystwyth wore David Davies, ALerllechach, Llanddeusant (451 marks); and David Jones, Coedmarfach, Lampeter (383. Continuation scholarships were granted to each of them. There were 34 applicants for two vacant posts, -is attendance officors and on a ballot thesf: were filled by the appointment of Mr. J. T. Williams. Parcmaen, and 'Mr. John Williams, Coedliine-, I. landefeilog The following appointments of teachers were (onfirmed:- Parcyrhua Council School mixed departments male certificated assistant, salary A30 if trained, £ 75 if untrained- Wm. Jones, 3, Hichmond Ter- race. Carmarthen. Abernant Church of England School, male un- certificated head teacher, salary £ 60 per annum— Wm. D. Hughes, Cilmachau, Conwil-Elvet. Newcastle Emlyn Church of England Sschoo!, male uncertificated assistant, salary, R45 per annum-Griffith Francis, Park View Terrace, Llanelly. Penboyr Church of England School (Mixed De- partment), male uncertificated assistant, salary £ 45 per annum-David Richards, Allifawr, Hen- llan, S.O., Card. Penboyr Church of England (infant dept. L famalo anrertificated assistant, saIyr t45 ner annum—Hannah Mary Morris, 55. Prospect Place. Llanelly. There was a vacancy for a female supplement- ary teacher at 230 per annum at Brechfa. The applications had been sent to the managers, who had not yet met, and who had made no recom- mendation. The Clerk and the Chairman were given ful! po.vers to dea1 with the recommenda- tion received after the -nin:igers had met.
IHOW THE BEST BUTTER IS PREJUDICED:…
I HOW THE BEST BUTTER IS PREJUDICED: THE REMEDY. British lutter is unquestionably better than foreign, yet the latter is often bought in preference. This is an injustice both to the British producer and the buyer. It is an injury which could easily be avoided. The beet butter, wherever produced, has a very light colour. The average British housewife believes that butter presenting a rich golden uniform colour is the ideal. The foreign producer knows this, and meets her wish. Accordingly, all his butter has the rich golden colour which sells. A perfectly safe means is provided whereby the British user can impart to his butter just that golden colouring which will commend it to the eye as decidedly as its quality will commend it to the palate. This remedy is the Silver Churn" Butter Colouring, manufactured by OLDFIELD, PATTINSON. & CO., of NEW BRIDGE STREET, MANCHESTER, and the pucceseful survivor of the severest tests at the I principal shows, where it has gained Mmt Claw awards. 'Vb.t is equally satisfactory is the high praise it has won in the numerous dairies where it is regularly used. These competent approvals are due in part no doubt 4o the absence of any unevennem or muddiuess in the colouring, and to the fact that the use of Silver Churn" does not affect the butter-milk. The butter itself is not simply uninjured in the process: it is im- proved. Its delicate creamy flavour is enhanced. It should be clearly understood that.. Silver Cburu is entirely a vegetable product, entirely free from any aniline agent. It is supplied direct, or may be obtained from chemists and dairy supply men in 6d., Is., 98., 5s., 88.. and 14s. bottles. To secure satisfaction obtain the 4* Silver Churn brand. [6169
ISOME CARMARTHENSHIRE FERNS.I
I SOME CARMARTHENSHIRE FERNS. I All local naturalists will find it interesting to read the following article on Some Carmar- thenshire Ferns," which appears in the current number of Science Notes To the Englishman born and bred, Wales is a land of novelties. Its mountains, glens and tor- 1 en ts oner a striking contrast to the broad field3 and sluggish streams of the typical English coun- try side, whilst the amateur naturalist finds J things new arid strange confronting him en every I hedgerow bank and in every wayside coppice. E, pecially is this so with respect to fern life. True. r we cherish recollections of certain ferns in tli-j homeland. The bracken on the hills, the mal e and hart's tongue ferns in the woods, -lie com- n on polypody adorning old walls and tree stumps. are all old friends. But here amongst the Welsh hills ferns are obtrusive beyond degree. Small need to search the dark recesses of woodland and a arsh; for every damp hedgerow bank;s draped with waving fronds. Let us take a summer afternoon's ramble through a wood of no great extent near Llanelly. As we enter by a patti winding along the side of a small stream, ve see below us swaying in the fit- ful breeze m-iltitudes of the beautiful but fragile iI üuds of the lady fern (Athyrium felix foemina). Here is a plant on the margin of the stream, with huge tripinnate fronds, five feet long, tiu pinna' of which measures 12 inches. This one on the bank above varies in that it has a purple stipes I and is stiff and upright in growth. Beside it gi ows the beautiful plumed variety, most feather- like of all Dotted here and there all over the wood we notice three feins, unlike the last in that they seem unsociable in their habits. The male fern (1 astica felix mas) is saved from being regarded with the contempt bred of familiarity by its un- usual size and dignified bearing. But what plant is this with its huge triangular and leafy fronds? A closer scr itiny reveals the fact that its pin- nules are fringed with little prickles. Undoubted Iv this is the prickly-toother buckler fern (Las- tica spinulosa). It will soon become familiar, for with the exception of the bracken this is pro bably the most abundant species in the district. Go where we will, we shall find L. spinulosa in at tendance. Considerably more prickly ,c,tillis the third, for this is the hard prickly shield fern (Polystichum aculeatum), though otherwise its rigid lance- shaped fronds are much like those of the male fern in genera l appearance. The shield fern ap- pears to occur only along the coast hills, and we have not met with it further inland, so that pos- sibly it needs the ozone of sea I reezes to aid it in ilie stern struggle for existence A turning in the path brings us down beside the stream, and here we catch sight of our old friend the hart's tongue (Scolopendrium vui- gare), which, though not common in Watei is di3- plaing its shining fronds in unusual luxuriance. I.eavng the stream ,we now climb above the denser woodland, and here we find bracken {Pteris aquilina) towering above and choking all, mon- opolising every inch of ground it cpn find. But we can nevertheless afford to grant it our free pardon, for in autumn it will paint the mountains l cst gorgeously in orange and crimson, till it be comes crushed and dull under the influenc3 of vind and rain. Still upwards, along a steep and narrow lane, and as the woodland thins out it.-to moorland and heath, we discover three ferns of similar taste, for neither are so exacting as regards shado and moisture is their larger relatives beside th, stream. Hero is a dark green fern with stiff I fronds cut 'ike a double comb. It is the hard j fern (Blechnum spicant). Erect within the circle of the barren fronds and withered and skeleton- ised in abearance .are a number of fertile fronds, Beside ?. though vastly different, we see the leathery fronds of the black H aidenbair spleen wort (Aspkmium adiantum nigrum), with stipes of dark rich purple. Here, too, growing in pro- fusion over the heathv bank .are the golden green fronds of the mountain buckier fern vLastica montana) The novice may have to exantino nuTiber of plants before ho learns to distinguish this from » lie male fern, for ihe resemblance is very close but when, in winter, the male is as strong and sturdy as ever. the mountain buckier will be only visible as an untidy litter of rusty withered fror ds. Striking another path, we now descend the hit: and gain the road. homeward bent. But here, as we leave the wood, we find ,on an old wall bor- dering it, another company of three. On the mouldering top there are the dark green fronds of the common polypotlv (Polypodium vulgare;. contrasting with the brilliant orange of its spore crises at back. Beneath, in most chinks,—and perhaps onlv a Welsh climate can keep such a wall perennially damp—vgrow two dwarfish rela- tions. The little rue-leaved spleenwort (Asplan- ium ruta murarirO doos not look fern-like till we see that the back of its tiny fronds too are cov- ered with a dense mass of orange-coloured spores. Besides it grows the con.mon n aider hair spleen- • i- 'Asi>leniun! tnchomanes). with its sw.,t rarrow fronds pressed cloeely against the surface of the wall as if conscious of the weakness of their biack liair-like stem. This is our 'f;t discovery, and we regret only that we have failed to find the beech fern (Poly- podium phegopteris), which has been recorded from the scene of our ramble Mr. R. G Heath, in The Fern World," n?mes 45 British species of ferns, but of the3e j rot out 25 are too rare or local to come under the notice of the average amateur. Evidently then our wood, in revealing 12 species, can boast a. lion)s share of fernv forms, and we realise that we have been permitted to wander in one of Nature's fern paradises.- A. T. P.
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[No title]
-0; Mr. Lloyd George addressed meetings in East and in South Wolverhampton on the night of the 12th inst., and also spoke at Wellington. His chief themes were the Lords and the, Budget. He delivered some characteristic .buse of Lord Midleton.
MABKETS. 1
MABKETS. 1 CABMABTHKN, Saturday.—Quotations as follows :— Cask butter, 14d per lb; fresh butter, 16d to 17d per lb. Dressed poultry: Fowls, 5s 6d to 6s 6d per couple ducks, 3s Od to 3s 9d each geese and turkeys, 18 per lb. Eggs, 12 for Is. Cheese, 38s Od per cwt. NEWCASTLE EXLYN, Friday.—Prices were as follows —Porkers, 78 9d to 88 per score; weanors. 9 to 11 weeks old, 15s to 188 each sheep, 3d per lb.; year- lings. 3?d per lb.; calv. 3?d to 4d per lb young fowls, 38 Od to 4s Od per couple (6d per lb. alive) old ditto, 28 to 2s 6d each ducks, 4s to 5s per couple Eggs, 12 for a la. Fresh butter, in rolls, Is 2d per lb ditto, in tubs, Is Od to 18:0!d per lb. I CORN. HULL, Tuesday.—English wheat quiet and 6d cheaper on the week. Barley remains very quiet at about re- cent values. Oats firmer, best samples fetching 18s 6d, and mediums 178 6d per quarter. Beans unaltered at 30s per quarter. LIVERPOOL, Tuesday.— Wheat, slow trade, about Id to ld under Friday—No. 1 Manitoba, 8s 5d, No. 2, 8a 4d, No. 3, 8s 3d; futures-March, 8s 2fd, May, 6s °id. Maize slow, nominally about Friday's prices— new Northern, 58 7d, Plate, 58 9d futures—no busi- ness. Beans-Chinese, 30s to 31s. Peas—Chinese, 6s 5d to 6s 6d. Oata—white, 2s 8d to 2s 8d. Flour unchanged. Weather—showery, N. W. I CATTLE. BIEMINGHAM, Tuesday.—Poor show of beasts and j sheap and slow demand. Best Herefords, i!d, short- horns, 6d to 7d, bulls and cows, 4d to 50, wether sheep, 6-id to 7 id, ewes and rams, 4id to aid per lb. Pigs scarce and trade active—bacons, lis 4d to 118 6d, porkets, 12s, sows, 98 6d per score. SALFORD, l'uesday.- Cattle trade firm, with choice in good demand, in spite of bad weather. Choice sheep here also good trade. Calves better. At market:— Cattle, 2.000, sheep, 9,650, calves, 83. Quotations r— 5d to 7-4 1d, sheep, 4fd to Sid, calves, 6id to 9td per lb. BUTTER. CORK, Tuesday.-First, 112s, second, 109s, thirds, 97s, fine, 1138, Fresh-A, 113s, B, 102s. Fair supply; active demand improved prices. Weather dull, moist, mild.
| KEEP YOURSELF FIT.
KEEP YOURSELF FIT. The old saying, Prevention is better than cure," has a wonderful meaning in relation to physical health. Its aptness does not strike us while we are well and j trong. but directly we get out of sorts we feel the truth of the truism. I There is probably nothing else quite so good, so I reliable,{and so quickly effective in conserving health and warding off threatening attacks of disease as Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters. This is not a wild statement-there is a perfectly sound reason for the unusual claim. Gwilym Evans* Bitters are compounded from various natural products which admittedly possess the most valuable bracing and stimulative properties known to the healing art. The system braced and fortified by an occasional dose of Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters is almost invulnerable against the common and insidious ailments which invitde all homes. The effect of Gwtlym Evans' Bitters upon the system is to assist -not to force—every natural function of the physical organism: the heart, the brain, the liver, the kidneys, stomach, and blood- all feel and respond to the quickening influence of GwilymEvans* Quinine Bitters and as a result the nerves, muscular fibres, and tissues j of the body are all brought under vitalising influence. If yon are weak, ailing, anaemic, debilitated -Gwilym Evans' Bitters will put you right. If you are con- valescent after an exhausting illness, Gwilym Evans' j Bitters will bring the system up to par quicker than anything else. If you are well and strong, an occasional dose of Gwilym Evans' Bitters will act as a bulwark to your health and safeguard you against disease. The extraordinary success of Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters is easily proved when taken after a bad attack of Influenza, when the Patient is weak and down- hearted appetito gone, nervous and low spirited, sleepless, depressed, tired out; weary of life. Why if you only try one bottle you will soon be re- lieved of your nervousness and weakness, and regain your appetite. There is nothing else like it. Always keep Gwilym Evans' Bitters in the house, and why not take it as a preventive ? It is an ideal Preparation for persons of both sexes, lof all ages, and the result is beneficial in every case of indisposition and illness. If their merits wsre rightly appreciated, Gwilym Evans' Bitters would become an institution in every home in the country. Gwilym Evans' Quinine Bitters is purely a Herbal Tonic, and it is the best Pick-me-up in the world, and makes life worth living. Try a bottle now. The name Gwilym Evans" on the. label, stamp, and bottle is the only guarantee of genuineness. Of all Chemists and Stores in bottles, 2s 9d and 4s 6d each. Sole Proprietors QUININE BITTERS MANUFACTURING COM- PANY, LIMITED, LLANELLY, SOUTH WALES.
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———: e: ——— A protest against Home Rule has been issued by several leading Presbyterian ministers in Ireland. Lord Charles Beresford states that Germany is prepare dto arm her tramp steamers, and that the Admiralty knows it. In defeating Wales by 11 points to 6 at Twick- enham on Saturday last, England has gained their first Rugby victory over the Principality since 1898 On Saturday Mr. Lloyd George had a narrow escape from a mnfuriated crowd at Grimsby, and was compelled to take refuge in a fire brigade station. Mr. Asquith, in a speech at Salisbury on the night of the 12th inst., criticised the views of Mr Balfour on Tariff Reform, asserting that they were not sufficiently explicit. He defended the proposals of the Budget, and. reiterated his objec- tions to the present constitution and powers of the House of Lords. Mr. Lloyd George, speaking on Monday at llandrindod Wells. said that the Liberals were winr.ing, but that they wanted a strong majority in order that the Government might deal with the House of Lords, who, he averred, were the obstacle to all progress, not only in the oountry generally, but also in Wales. He said that the broom of protection was worn to the stump, and ould not sweep. JUDGE TKRUELL'S SON.—Mr. Henry Terrell, K.C., M.P., who has captured the seat at Glou- cester for the Unionists, is the son of the late Judge Terrell, who succeodei the late Judge Johns, of Dolaucothi, as coanty-court judge of the Carmarthen district. He is a member of the South Wales Circuit, but practices in the Chan- eery Courts. His brother, Mr. Thomas Terrell, K.C., contested Pembrokeshire in the Radical in- terest a few jears ago. This is Mr. Terrell's socond fight for the city. The defeated candidate Mr. Russell Rea, was at one time a director of the Taff Vale Railway. This is the first time Gloucester has returned a Constrvative for thirty years. SIR ALFRED JONES'S WILL.-Sir Alfred Jones the senior partner in the famous shipping firm of Elder Dempster and Co., who died on December 13 last, left estate valued at £ 6~4,759, The will has been iodged for probate by the surviving e\- eciitor Mr W. 0 .Harrion Williams, a director of tho)Elder Dempster Company. Sir Alfred left of the certain legacies and bequests to his sister, Mrs. Pinnock, his sister's children, Mrs. Harrison, Mr. and Miss Pinnock ,his servants, and employes of Elder Dempster and Co. and Elder Dempster Shipping. Subject to power to carry on any business of his for ten vears, Sir Alfred left the residue of his estate on trust for such charitable purposes and objects in England or any British possession on the West Coast of Africa as his trustees may think proper. For the guidance of the trustees he indicated various charitable pur posLcs or objects, such as original research of all kinds into the cause of disease on the West Cosujt of Africa. Rolie/ing the poverty of any person ho may be related to him in any degree, or who has been in his employ, and who iray be poor; and, generally, any charitable object which may benefit dirbctlv or indirectly any such person or persons.
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-r-     ? ???!  ..?          ?'    '-P——==?= ?=?? ?W ND?W?X a"A?W tfV? *?<?"asg?<?S?a?: STOUT "????? s??Y???p5 Is a M L-mber of your family Ailing ? If to, we can tell you that many persons of once weakly constitutions, but now robust and strong, attribute the present happy state cf affairs entirely to regular use of OAKHILL INVALID STOUT There is something about this Stout which renders it totally different to any other, especially with regard to its recuperative powers. 1 hat "something" is a secret of brewing, but the fact of its existence is testified to by the Medical Profession, who, for this reason, frequently prescribe this Stout for patients. OAKHILL INVALID STOUT is not a mere stimulant, it is a food of the H ighest Dietetic Value It is also free from acidity and gassiness, whilst it is pleasant and agreeable to the palate. Its regular use will build up and develop the bodily and mental forces in a manner impossible to secure through such beverages as wines, beer, or spirits. DO NOT DELAY inveibgating the truth of thete claimi but WRITE TO-DAY (a post-card will do) itating name and address otrour usual Merchant, for a FREE BOOKLET giving FACTS WHICH YOU OUGHT TO KNOW about this health-giving beverage, and the great advantages it can claim over all similar preparations. SEND NOW: Oakhill Brewery Stores (Dept. 8 ) Fanny St., CARDIFF [6368
[No title]
HERDS AND FLOCKS.—Beef is still selling well, though the Christmas prices for specially | fine joints are no longer ruling. Mutton is in decidedly improved request, and the price is some times as much as a halfpenny per pound better from the Old Ylear. Pigs continue in brisk de- mand, and if we had had savere cold the demand would probably have got very markedly ahead of supply. Sheep lambing at this season are doing well. The dairy interest has fai-* reason to I.e satisfied with this winter's supply of milk, but for some strange reason the public has gone ofi milk- buying in a. most disappointing manner. These fluctuations in retail consumption are most ;)er- plexing. The good price made for pigs is lead ing to more bacon factories being sot up. Mr. Sanders Speucer, the doyen of this interest, siys mat the best results are obtained with neuter pigs of some seven months old, the live weight of which should average about 2001b. SPRING HORSE SHOWS. -Some particulars • if etiese havo already been given, the chief dates being Feb. 8, Glasgow (stallions): Feb. 22, Isline ton (shires); March 1, Islington (hackneys), March 8, Islington (thoroughbreds and hunters; March 11, Islington (ponies); April 5, Lynn (stai lions) and May 16, the London Carthorse Par ade. The first five fixtures are for shows lasting more than one day. The King's premiums for thoroughbreds do not reach a Him which induces the entry of the best racehorses, for the private premiums for such horses run about 50 per cent, higher. Owners would however, be doing a really patriotic act in sending quite first-class animals to Islington. Nothing would be more popular or dc more to buck up the excellent institution of the premiums. Fewer stallion.; will be sent this year to Scotland; the gain to South Britain follows proportion of applications. A brood n are scheme for ponies has been established, and local branches of the Hunteis' Improvement Society are mooted; one for every hunt. SPECIALIST POULTRY CLUBS.—The popu- larity of the Orpington breed may be measured from the fact that there exist seven specialist clubs for the enoouragementof specific differ ences within the main breed. These clubs are called respectively the Black Orpington, the Buff, the Cuckoo, the Variety, the W hite, the Jubilee, and the spangled. The Black Orpington was founded in 18?7, the Cuckoo, the Variety? and the Spangled are recent while the Buli occupies a medium position in point of age, but for import ance would not take second place to any. W yan- dottes have come on amazingly in favour in the last five years, and we now have clubs devoted to the Black, Blue-laced, Gold and Silver Laced, Partridge, SiJver-pencilled, and White. It is the latter which has had such striking successes in the egg-laving competitions Leghorns are now divided into Black, Blue, Brown, Rosecomb Black and White types, each of which is well enough supported to have a iety for its especial main- tenarce. Game birds are cared for by several clubs, among which the Indian Game, the Modern Game, the Old English Game may be named, also the Black Sumatra. ROOTS, &c., FOR COWS.—Apart from their actual nutritive contents, as shown by chemical analysis, roots add succulence to the ration (says Mr. W. Toogood), and tend to produce and pre- serve a good appetite, especially during winter. Of course, all roots are not equally suitable. For instance, turnips, if used for milch cows, must he fed very sparingly lest they transmit an objection- able turnip taste to the milk and butter. Man- gels and sugar beets are of equal value for milk pi eduction, and both are very suitable for cows. As regards the turnip taste resulting from eat- ing large quantities of turnips, at r. recent trial at the Toronto Agricultural Experiment Station it was Remonstrated that half a bushel may be fed daily to a milch cow without flavouring the milk, irrespective of whether the feeding is done before or after milking. On the whole, it would seem that turnips yield more milk than mangels. Potatoes are a. costly food for cows j and, if used in any quantity, they tend to initir,6 the butter by making it colourless and of poor keeping quality. Artichokes have, weight for veight, about the same value as mangels; and carrots, when used instead of part of the hay ration, decidedly in creases milk production*- As to forage crops, red, clover is a very important crop for dairy cows, and it may. of course be fed green or as hay. Lu cerne is comiig to be regarded as an equally in-I portant forage plant for cows in some parts of the country, like red clover, it may be pas tured, fed as a soiling crop, or made into hay. It is believed to give the butter a good flavour. Maize in hot summers is simply invaluable, as it produces an immense quantity of usefurand palat- I able gren food at a time when such foods are naturally scarce. Oats and peas or oats and vetches are often combined, and can be fed green. Either combination is an excellent milk producer. When made into hay. oats and peltS are appar- ently not much relished though they give very fair results. Rape, -iko turnips, produces a good flow of milk, but it is open to the same objection of tainting the milk, and so must be used only with caution. Where fed in quantity, the flavotti- of the milk is decidedly spoiled and the cheese is greasy. Rye is much grown as an early soiling crop, and possesses a special due on account of its earliness. It is not, of course, nearly so valu- able for milk production as are clovers and lucerne. Salt is an essential for dairy cows, just cs it is with most animals. Where it is withheld the milk yield falls off, and for this and Qthe." reasons salt should always be kept accessible to cows Perhaps the lwst way of supplying it is to do so ;:n the form of large pieces of rock salt. WEATHER AND CROPS.—Evaporatio.-i is ex- tremely slow, and in the clay counties the ruts are still full of water from the December rains. The more porous soils are in far better-condition, and while the roads have recovet-cid irom Their former founderous state, the pelds admit the drill and the plough. Dry weather for the rest of January would greatly benefit the growing wheat, y benefit tlio (1? and largely repair the injury done to thostart of plant life by a wet and chiily seed bed in the late autumn. Should January be propitious in ths* way indicated, February will be one of the busiest months oil record, ror farmers already talk of sowing French -wheat, early spring beans, ::nd good barley for malting; and there are those who advocate oat sowing before February is out If oats are sown early they grow rapidly away from tie frit ily, and, as they ripen rather faster than barley, rr-ay be harvested conveniently early and got out of the way by the time that barley neetis the harvesting As regards last autumn's crops, the wheat and barley threshings are becoming more vigorous, and the former shows some im- provement in average sample. The barley re mains disappointing, farm seeds are for the most part bad, both red clover seed and cow grass being unprecedentedly so, and white clovei seed, though by no means so poor a recor J, being much below the average. Farmers are busy buy- ing French lucerne, New Zealand cocksfoot. Can- adian alsylje, Dutch rape seed and sanfoin, French and Chilian red clover seed, and, where they sow these crops at all, Russian linseed and Spanish canary seed. In a. year like this, when foreign seed must be relied upon for quality, only firms of the highest repute as importers should be dealt with. Compensation from sellers out of the juris- diction is almost impossible to c}: act, besides which dangerous and rapidly spreading weed seeds may be introduced into the fields. Sowing generally—' arable —will, we think, gain area this year in Great Britain, for poor pastures makea. poor return, and. with sheer) paying so ill, are in increasing favour, even though the rents are very lo.v. Farmers, in fact, are coming to feel that it pays better either to let poor land alone, or to cultivate it for crops supplying fer- tilisers to meet recognisable deficiencies. The fight to improve poor pasture is more arduous and more uncertain than crop growing.
! STANDARD POINTS IN COWS.
STANDARD POINTS IN COWS. Constitution.—The following three paragraphs appear in the standard of points of the American Guernsey Cattle Club, and are of considerable importance to all cattle breeders, and especially to dairy farmers: "In breeding our domestic animals; especially for long service like the dairy cow, it is very important that they should have abundant vital power, which we call constitu- tion.' But constitution must be judged and r.t.asured bv the peculiar function the animal is bred to fulfil. With the race horse the function is speed; with the steer, the laying on of flesh with the dairy cow, the production of milk solids. hi all these various functions ,the animal that is to represent anyone of them must show not only large capacity in the line of that function, but also the ability to endure long and well the strain of such function .and keep in good health. Con- stitution is best indicated by a full development at the navel .and strong abdominal walls, showing that the animal, when :n a prenatal state, was abundantly nourished by the mother through a well-developed umbilical cord. Prepotency.—In the scale for bulls, for the first time. we believe, in the history of dairy breeds, this point is introduced. The reason we have in- clude-I it is that prepotency s the chief con- sideration in the selection of a male breeding ani- mal The pedigree and conformation is often all that can be desired, but because the bull is lack- ing in prepotent breeding power he is an expen- sive failure. This -ualitv is, in a sense, difficult to perceve or describe, but we know certain ani- mals have it in high degree, and others fail of it completely. It is fairly well indicated by vigour of appearance, strong resolute bearing and abun- dant nervous energy, we would distinguish this from an ugly disposition. A bull is ugly by the way he is handled rather than by his breeding. What we want is strong, impressive blood. A dull, -sluggish spirit and action we consider in- dicative of a lack of true dairy prepotency, but we would nrefer to breed to a rather sluggish-appear- ing bull with first-class rudimentaries than to a stylish one with badly placed rudimentaries. Rudimentary Teats.—We consider that a well- balanced and well-shaped udder in the cow is largelv due to the way the rudimentary teats are placed on the sire. If they are crowded close together the result is likely to be narrow, pointed udders. If they are placed well apart, of good size, and well forward of the scrotum, the effect, we think, will be to influence largely the produc- tion of well-shaped udders in the resulting heifers. a.n I countorapt the tendency to ill-shaped udders inheritable from dams deficient in this respect. We believe the future excellence of the Guernsey cow will be greatly aided hy close attention on the part of her breeders to this point."
[No title]
Mr. Balfour declared emphatically and deliber- ately at York on the night of the 12th inst." that the policy of Ta riff Reform would not increase the cost of food and other necessaries to the poor, and pledged the Unionist party to that effect. Mr. Chamberlain also declared on the same dav that. so far from making food dearer. Tariff Reform would cheapen the cost of living.
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PEMBROKE BOARD OF GUARDIANS.
PEMBROKE BOARD OF GUARDIANS. APPOINTMENT OF PORTER AND LAUNDRESS. II The usua l fortnightly meeting of the above Board Wits /held at the VVorkhouge, Pembroke, on I Thursday afternoon last week. Mr T. John (chair- man) presiding. There were also present: Mr. I W. G. Parcell and Rev. B. C. Evans (vice-chair- men) Mrs. Lowless, Mrs. Grieve, Miss Stokes, Messrs. J' .Leach, T. Tucker, Geo. Thomas. W. M. Griffiths, J. Jones, J. W Penney. W C. Jones, B .Hancock, J Hitchings. DW. Evans, J. Good- rich, D. Hinds, B. G. Roberts, G. O. Thomas, J. Roch; with th^ Clerk (iffr J. S. W. Jones) the Master (Mr. C. A. W. Roberts), and other offi- cials Mr .Val Roberts, relieving officer for No. 1 district, reported that during the first week he had expended on 425 paupers the sum of t59 13s. 7d., and in the second week on 400 paupers £53 18s. 6d.; average, 2s. 8d. per head. Mr. Geo. R. Young, relieving officer for No. 2 Llstrict. also reported having expended during the first week on 257 paupers, £34 6s. 6d., and in the second week on 233 paupers t30 3s. 6d.; average 2s. 7d .per head. The chief business of the Board was the joint appointment of porter and superintendent laun- dress ,applicants for which were selected at the last meeting. Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Thomas. Carmarthen, were the first interviewed. Mr. Thomas said he was at present employed as a porter on the G. W. Railway, but had had previous experience in the work, having been for two years and 9 months an attendant at Carmarthen Asylum. He was 26 years of age, and his wife was 21, and they had one child 14 months old, which, if necessary, his mother would look after. Mrs. Thomas stated that she had had experi- ence in laundry work at home, and after the death of her mother had acted as housekeeper for her father. She had had no experience in the n anagement cf women. Mr. Wm. Morris (33), labour master at New- the friends ? castle-on- Tyne Workhouse, and Miss Gertrude Walton (27), charge nurse at the same institution. If appointed they would qualify for the post by getting married. Mr. Morris, who is a giant, 6ft. 4!in. high, said he had served 14 years in the Koyal Garrison Ar- tillery, and had been labour master at Newcastle Workhouse nearly two years. On an average he had under his charge 75 men. Rev .B. C. Evans proposed the appointment of Mr. Morris and Miss Walton, pointing out that the latter would be a valuable addition to the staff on account of her experience as nurse. Mr. D/ivies seconded. Mr .Roberts proposed the appointment of Mr. I and Mrs .Thomas, pointing out that the former I was a local man, and his past experience made I him well qualified for the position. After a long pause Mr. Griffiths seconded the proposition to test the feeling of the Board. On a division Mr. Morris and Miwt Walton J were appointed by 14 votes to 4. The successful candidates were then called in j and informed of their appointment, aud Mr. Morris, on behalf of Miss Walton and himself, thanked the Board ,and assured them that while they wore in their service it would be their en- deavour to do all they could lor the benefit-of the institution, and to obey the Guardians and the Master and Matron in all v at thev were required ¡ to do. Neither of them wo e afraid of work (hear, hear). Mr. Grimths—I suppose you will be married before vou take up the appoi?tment? j Mr. Leach—He has got to do it now; he can't withdraw (laughter). think we need inter- The Chairman—I don't think we need inter- j fere with that (hear, hear and laughter). Mr. Morris said they would be able to take up duties on Feb. 23. Referring to the death of an inmate named Margaret Jenkins, formerly of Tenby, Mr. j Tucker asked the Master what method he adopted when an inmate died ? Did he communicate with | The Master-Communication is sent to the friends immediately. Mr. Tucker said he understood no communica- tion had been sent in the case referred to, and that was the reason he asked the question. The friends in Tenby had been anxiously awaiting any rews, but nothing came, and they wanted to take the old lady away and bury her. He was also informed that there was a will, duly attested, made by the deceased on her death bed, but he hoped the Board would not hand over any money t-ntil further enquiries had been made. The Master replied that on the death of the woman he wrote to her niece, Mrs. Griffiths, 1. Sergeant's Lane, Tenby, and also to her step-son at the Oldfellows Arms, Neyland. Both letters tvere posted the same time. The step-son came the following day, and ho thought it was rather strange the niece from Tenby did not come down. In reply to Mr. Geo. Thomas, the Master said that the letter had not been returned undelivered He further stated that the old lady sent down to Mm on Sundayeveni to know if he would make a will out for her. He said he would have no- thing whatever to do With it. Then the step-son came to him about it, and he said to him: No, if there is to be any will made,the old lady must get a solicitor to do it. I shall not soil my fingers with it kboar, hear). That evening, continued tho Master, a. solicitor came, a will was drawn up. and the doctor and himself witnessed it. Mr. Tucker—What state was the woman in ? The Master-She was able to say what she wanted to say. The mater then dropped. The Master reported that through the kindness of Dr. and Mrs. Style, Pembroke, the childrea in the House wete entertaii-ed on New Year's Day to a Christ nas Tree and magic lantern entertain- nent in St. Mary's Schoolroom. All thoroughly c-n joyed themselves. He also reported gifts of books and papers fiom Capt. Richards; buns and biscuits from Mrs. Style oranges from Canon Bowen; and plants from Mr. Penney. The number of inmates was "47 ,as compared with 170 for the corresponding period of last year. Mr. Geo. Thomas proposed a vote of condolence with Mr. Enoch Davies, a member of the Board, on the death of his wife. Ho was sure every Guardian was extremely sorry for Mr. Davies in his bereavement, and lie had lost a most excellent v ifo. Mr. J. Jones seconded, and the preposition was carried by the members rising. Permission was granted the House Committee to put under grass the side plot from the entrance gates, and the Chairman kindly offered to give sufficient shrubs to plant there, an offer that was accepted with thanks.