The Welshman

Th. best evidence (if any were wanting) of Napoleon the L;re;tt" 's real littleness of soul—want of grand conception and REACH of intellect was his assumption of REGAL rank, and even demand of royal etiquette in his followers. The terror Of all the ancient, the legitimate kings of the world, he still betra ed a plebeian hankering after the sole, the poor vantagp oun(1 he could not take FROM them, nor confer Oil himself the prescriptive unreasoning deference paid to crowned heads. His ill-omened alliance with a princess was a tacit homage paid to a vanquished Emperor. What a rank in history, as a GOOD !)idator of Europe might he have reached by but v. illiavr it—the Di-'iirht instead of the Oppressor of the World hat a contrast Napoleon "Emperor and King"—to Cincinnatus of the old world, and to the Cipcirnzitus of the r.ew, the meek though mighty Washington + Though lotiii 1 hiiippe was not the FIRST of the three peaceful sovereigns given to France by the overthrow of her bloodiest ruler, the Orleans dynasty was us decidedly the fruit of that great from a universal tyranny as was the re- storation of the Bourbon.

THE JrltY "YSTI:,r. Trial by jury, as organised in England and the United States, afford s an example of an unanimous decision by a judicial body of twelve persons and a large part of the civil and criminal jurisdiction of these countries is found- ed on this antique institution. It gives rise in practice to many inconvenient results, such as unmeaning com- promises, tossing up for verdicts, the necessity of urging the jury to a decision by debarring them from foor] while they are in consulation but it has been consistent with a regular, if not a very intelligent, administration of justice. In other countries, where trial by jury has been long practised or recently introduced, the rule of unanimity, has not been followed, and the verdict of a simple ma- jorily, or some other proportion, of the jury has been received. According to the law of Scotland, the jury in criminal cases (except that of treason) consists of fifteen, and they decide by a simple majority. In Jersey and Guernsey the Royal Court, consisting of twelve jurats, also decides by a simple majority, -In France, before the Revolution of 1R:30, the jury, in criminal cases, consisting of twelve, decided in the same manner; but, by an alteration made in 1831, a majority of two-thirds, or of eight to four, was required. The difficulty of obtaining an unanimous deciion, even from small judicial and administrative bodies, is indeed so great, that (however desirable it might be to lequire unanimity) the almost universal rule is, that their decision is made by a simple ruajoiity. The necessity of unanimity in a small body, judicial or administrative, does net, it may be observed, ensure a careful consideration, as the agree- ment may be the result of a blind reliance on the opinion of one or two of the members of the body. or it may be produced by a senseless compromise. Lord Campbell, in his Lices nftlze Chancellors, says of Lord Eldon I ha\ heard him cite with great glee, a saying of Lord Thurlow-that the decrees of the Scotch judges were least to be respected w h en they were MMMM as in least to be respeetcd when they were unanimous, as in that case they probably, without thought, had followed the first of their number who had expressed an opinion whereas, where they were divided, they might be expected to have paid some attention to the sui)j,?Ct. -,I,, Essay on the Influence of Authority in Matters of Opinion. THE POWER OF PUISLIC OPINION. In all countries the prevailing tone of public opinion will exercise much influence on the expression of thought. Its influence will perhaps he greater in free countries, as in these the government has little power of protecting an unpopular minority. But the only effectual remedy for the evil, is the diffusiun of a tolerant princi- ple of judgment, and the disposition to respect the opini- ons of those who are qualified to form sound conclusions on each subject, and who give to the public the result of diligent, conscientious, and independent investigations, it is impossible that all men should be equally well-in- formed, and equally competent to judge for themselves; but it is possible that they should learn to treat wuh lenity the opinions of a dissident minority. It follows tnat popular government, as now understood and carried into effect, for large territories, by means of the representative system, is to a great extent founded legally and theoretically, upon the numerical principle but that, morally and in practice, the working of this principle is modified, counteracted, and crossed in vari- ous directions, by the antagonist principle of special fitness. In arranging the terns of this compromise, and In adapting them to a given community, lies the secret of a frte constitution. compromise of ibis kind necessarily implies a junc- tion a lid an amalgamation of opposite principles. It supposes that sufficient weight will be given to the iiii- merical principle, for interesting the bulk of the com- munity in the existing order of things, and attaching them to the government; while such all admixture of the principle of special illness will be secured, as will prevent the government from falling into the hands of persons who, from their ign¡;ra¡;e£. inexperience, or want of judgment, are incapable of properly directing its course. The practical solution of this problem, so as to be at- tended with a reasonable amount of success, is perhaps the highest achievement of statesmanship, especially as it is always involved, to a greater or less extent, in a circidus vitiosus, from which no ingenuity can find n effectual 't iosees, The difficulty to which we a!!udc will e ffe(.ttia l escape. appear from the follow ing explanation. III proportion as anv community is in a luw state of civilization—as the people are tll-r0dc¡¡t, ignorant, rovidetit, and poor—as life and property are insecure, and as the different classes of society are alienated from each ottier-i-i the same proportion is the need of a good and enlightened government great, and the advantages to be derived from its action important. Nevertheless, the chances of its being well governed are in the inverse ratio of the magnitude of the need, and of the advantage. When the people are in the state described, it is not likely that they will make a "ood .at ivill ma l ?L a ood choice of representatives or leaders. The "government rcsalling from the selEction is not likely to enact wise laws, or to administer the laws with equity, discretion impartiality, and integrity nor, if they fail jn these respects, is it probable that they will be impelled into the right course by the pressure of public opinion. The action of the people upon their representatives may he ex- pected to realize the image of the blind leading the blind. On the other hand, if a community has arrived at an advanced stage of civilisation—and is orderly, frugal, industrious, well-instructed, and wealthy, it may indeed he seriously injured by a bad government, but can scarcely hope to receive much benefit from a good one. Nevertheless, its government is more likely to be good than that of the other community; inasmuch as the people are likely to choose good representatives, and public opinion will exercise a beneficial control upon them and the executhe government, when elected and acting. The practical result is, that a community is least likely ,io obtain a relire.?eiit;iti?-e government when it is ;nost wanted, and most likely to obtain one when it is ,Iiost -iricl nio.-?- to oL::i,i xvften it i?

BYRON'S 11 I Mazeppa was the son of a Polish gentlemavn estab- lishcd in Podolia, and, by one of those fortunate circum- stances which often exercise a great influence on human destiny, and also by his family connexions, attracted the attention of John Kazimer, the King of Poland, who spared no expense in giving hiin an excellent education, and made him page at his court. The beauty,accom- plishments, and enterprising spirit of the yotig page did not fail of making a deep impression on many a fair lady in fashionable circles. He was intioduced to the wife of Martin Eoutsky, grand general of artillery, and felt inspired at the first sight with a passion which, by fre- quent opportunities of seeing the beloved object, and the difficulty of gratifying its fancy, became every day stronger, more dangerous and daring. For a while the passion of the two lovers, by their mutual prudence and carefulness, was not known, and its secret gratification added new charms to its existence. Such a tIling, how- I ever, could not possibly be long concealed at a court where jealous and watchful eyes were constantly directed on both parties. A It (lv, whose advances Mazeppa re- ceived with coldness, soon discovered the true obj ect of the latter's affection, and indirectly apprised the husband of the conduct nf his beautiful and guilty spouse. Ma- zeppa, watched secretly, was caught by the out- raged husband, who, indignant at the extent of his domestic misfortune, and excited by the thirst of revenge, ordered his men to scourge him unmercifully till he lost his consciousness, to pour a sort of salt liquid over his body, and cover it with tar. The young page was then tied, by cut'nig strings, to the back of a wild and indomi- table Lkranian horse, sought and prepared beforehand for that purpose, and was thus left to his destiny. The stidderlx, liberated after being tormented, and una- ble to shake the weight off his back, dashed at a l'uiibus speed into the deserts of his n..tive steppes. Hunted by wolves, as well as by some Cossacks, who thought it an apparation of an evil spirit, the horse traversed torrents, ravines, rivers, crossed the Dnieper, and galloped with incredible speed into a small town in the Eastern Ukraine on the market-day and tir-re, excited with hunger, fear, and fatigue, fell dead. Mazeppa, restored to life, and hospitably taken care of by th? Cossacks, adopted their manners and religion.—Krasinsk's Cossacks of the Ukraine. BREACH OF PROMISE OF MARRIAGE. A curious instance of a lady availing herself, in lolO, of the right to appear by champion in a "breach of pro- mise of marriage" case, is mentioned in the memoirs of the Marechal de Vielieville. The husband of Phillippe de Montespedon having died in Piedmont without issue, she was a young, rich, and beautiful widow, and was j sought in marriage by several noble suitors. Amongst these was the Marquis de Saluces, to whose attentions she seemed to listen favourably, and she permitted him to accompany her from Turin to Paris. It turned out, however.that the sly dame merely wished to have the advantage of his escort on the journey; and when she arrived at its termination, she cavalierly dismissed him. saying, Adieu, sir! your lodging is at the hotel des Ursins, Augustins." The Marquis still persisted in his sui j hut as Philippe continued obdurate, he asserted that she had made him a formal promise of marriage and cited her to appear before the Court of Parliament. She came there, attended by a numerous company of friends, and having being desired by the President to holdup her hand, she was asked whether she had ever promissd marriage to the Marquis, who was then pres- ent in court. She answered upon her honour that she, had iirit and when the Court proceeded to press her with d with pass i oiia*e w,,iriiit l i, further questions, she exclaimed with passionate warmth, Gentlemen, I never was in a court of justice before and this makes me fear I may not answer properly. But to put a stop to all captious caviljing and word catching, I swear in the face of this assembly to God and the King —to God under pain of eternal damnation to my soul; and to the King, under the penalty of loss of honour and life -that I have never given pledge or promise of mar- riage to the Marquis de Saluces, and what is more, that I never thought of such a thing in my life. And if there is any one who will assert the contrary, here is my chevalier, whom I offer to maintain my words, which he knows are entirely true, and uttered by the lips of a lady of honour, if ever there was one. And this I do, trusting in God and my good rig-ht, that he will prove the plaintiff to be (begging the pardon of the court) a villainolls liar." This spirited defiance caused no little sensation in the audience; and the president told the registrar that he might put up his papers, for madame la Mareehale had taken another and much shorter road towards settling the dispute. Then, addressing the Marquis, he asked, Well, sir, what say you to this challenge ?" But the love, as well as the valour of the latter, was fast oozing away and the craven knight answered by a very decided negative—" I want not," said he, to take a wife by force and if she does not wish to have me, I do not wish to have her." And so making a low obeisance to the Court, he prudently retired, and the fair Philippe heard no more of his pretensions to her hand.—Hertensius, or the Advocate WHO IS AX ESQUIRE "It is not by any means generally known—but it is nevertheless perfectly true—that the number of persons who, by birth, are legally entitled to the of esquire, almost exceed any possibility of calculation. This observation is not intended to refer to the practice which prevails in the ordinary intercourse uf society, of designating every person as an esquire, who has any pretension to the inferior rank of a gentleman. But literally the assertion is intended to be made that tens of thousands of persons, who receive this affix, apparently as a matter of courtesy, reaily enjoy a legal right to its use, as will be seen from the following enumeration:- The sons of peers, whether known in common con- versation as lords or honorables. The eldest sons of peers' sons, and their eldest O:13 in perpetual succession. Ail tne sons of baronets. The esquires of the knights of the bath (each of whom constitutes three at his installation). Lords of manors, chiefs of clans, and other tenants of the Crown, in capite, are esquires by prescription. Esquires created to that rank by patent, and their eldest sons in perpetual succession. "Esquires by office such as justices of the peace, while on the roll; mayors of towns, during mayoralty; and sherifrs of counties (who retain the title for life). Members of the House of Commons. "Barristers at Jaw. Bachelors of divinity, law, and physic. All who, in commissions signed by the Sovereign, are ever styled esquire, retain that designation for life. These are the persons who have a legal right to this title. There can scarcely be a more vulgar error than to suppose that the affix of esquire (any more than the pre- fix of sir or lord) is dependent on what the world calls •respectability." Wealth, of itself, can never confer such a distinction, if the other characteristics are absent. Commercial letters must always be addressed to Mr. A. B.' or to C. and D,' even though many of the parties so addressed are esquires in law. But merchants and manufacturers, if written to in their private capacities, or at their private residences, must always be described as I A. B., Esq.' Every one who is (according to law or heraldry) strictly a gentleman, must be addressed as esquires, in deference to the common usages of society, which take no further notice of the distinctions between the two than tliis-tliat a courtesy esquire is described Esq, j' w\¡ip, for a legal esquire, the affix is usually written at full length, Esquire,' with the addition of &c. &e. &c.' in a separate line between the name and the local address. Cotirt Etiquette, Published by C. Mitchell. ANCIENT A XI) MODERN TRAVELLING. Only see W.lat railways have :l";eompL"l1e(1. 1 tJey have enormously increased and facilitated all our in- ternal means of communication. Among our forefathers, the maker of a road or the builder of a bridge was re- garded as a great public benefactor. The road is the first instrument of civilization—it is the first work of every new settlement; and in proportion to the roads of a country, may you infer the civilization of its people. In the old times of England, the roads were built by the Romans, and subsequently formed, in most places, the foundation of 1llOdcrn highways. But down even to a comparatively recent date, until the days of Mac Adam the system of our internal communication was very iiii- perfect. All travelling was accomplished on horseback over roads full of mire and ruts merchandise was con- veyed from town to town on pack-horses, or alon-^ narrow pathways, flanked on either side with mud, and sufficiently broad to admit of progress only in single file. Such was the method of transport in Yorkshire and the northern counties of England within the memory of men now living. You will there often yet see the sign of "The PIck Horse" over many a road-side hotel—a memento of the imperfect mode of transport of our forc- j fathers. Waggons and coaches, of a rude kind,fo!- j lowed, at a more recent date. Not one of our turnpike roads is yet a hundred and fifty years old. The attempts to construct them at the public expense led to riots. The turnpike roads were chiefly formed after the rebellion of 174-5 had shown the necessity for tleiii. Even ihen, they were of the most primitive kind-rude, rutty, and abominable. In the neighbourhood of the metropolis they were often impassable in vehicles of any description. In the winter months they were generally useless coaches and watrgons stuck in the mnd, and were left there. In 1708 the Sussex roads were in a wretched state. The Duke of Somerset, in travelling to London from Petworth, had to pass round by Guild- ford, in order to get upon thc great rod leading from Portsmouth to London. To pass across the country, by this road, occupied a whole day, and then the keepers and persons who knew the holes and the sloughs," were ordered to accompany his Grace with lanthorns and long poles, to help him on Lis way." The stage, or fly-coaches, when they were at length established, proved but slow coaches. The London and Newcastle diligence, as late as 1783, took four days in performing its journey; now, the same distance is accomplished in seven hours. To avoid robbrs, with whom the roads were beset, the coaches halted at sunset, and proceeded leisurely next morning on their way. The neighbourhood of the me- tropolis was particularly dangerous, by reason of the number of highwaymen who then haunted it hence the frequent announcement of the old coach proprietois, that the coach arrives in London about four o'clock in the afternoon, by which means the danger of iravrllhig in the night near the metropolis is avoided. Think of a highwayman pow-a-days summoning a railway train to "bnd and deliver The reader of old English books xvill not fail to call to mind the numerous incidents so useful for the purposes of the novelist, arising out. of this barbarous state of our roads in the last century, the rambles of a Jones, the slow but eventiul progress of a Uoderick Random in the stagc-waijgon, the tedious and perilous mishaps of Humphrey Clinker, and the fortunes of the day that exposed an Andrews to the tender mercies of a couple of footpads. Aias the good old times" of the highwaymen have passed away; and lail- waye have diminished their calling for ever. A journcj of a hundred miles is no longer aji era in a man's life he lias not now to make his will before he set.; out; nor are his family kept in a state of auxieus torture until his return. Travelling has ceased to be an adventure of peril and great enterprise Railways have completely broken down the barriers which separated town from town, and district from district. Travelling is no longer the luxury of the rich, but the common enjoyment of all. Railways have brought men closer to eacli other, and enabled them to know each other better. They have thrown open the beautiful country to the dwellers in towns and cities, and brought within the reach of the rural population the advantages of town and city life. They have made of England and Scotland, as it were, one larsre city, with green fields, and hills and dales, rivers and lake*, stretche d out in tfieit- mid.-t. [We wish wo add South Wale:— Ell, \.i --L:n f )

HOUSE OF LORDS.—THURSDAY, JUNE 28. I A conversation took place respecting the affairs of Ca- nada and Rome, but, owing to the difficulty of hearing in the house, it was almost impossible to understand what passed. The encumbered estates (Ireland) bill was read a third time and passed, on the motion of Lord Campbell. The railway audit bill was rEad a second time, on the lIlotion of Lord Mouteagle, and ordered to be interred to a select cO;Jll11ittee. Their Lordships then adjourned. FRIDAY, June 20. I VANCOUVER E> ISLANO. On a motion of Earl Grey for the second reading of a I bill for regulating the administration of justice in Van- couver's Island, Lord Montcagle made a protest against the grant of the island to the Hudson's Bay Company, which was a society opposed to colonisation. Earl Selkirk maintained that the company would be found the best possible medium for colonising the Island. ° °'' The Earl of Aberdeen expressed his entire approval of the course taken by the Government, and after a short conversation, The bill was read a second time. The County Cess (Ireland) Bill was read a third time and passed. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS.—WEDNESDAY, JUNE 27.

After a new writ had been issued for London, in the room of Baron Rothschild, who accepted the Chiltern Hundreds, The adjourned debate on the Prison Discipline Bill was resumed by Mr. Brotherton, who said the present system required amendment. Sir II. Harford moved, as an amendment, the appoint- ment of a committee on the subject. After a short debate, both the amendment and the original motion were withdrawn. Mr. Spooner moved the second reading of the Protec- tion of Women Bill. Mr. Anstey opposed the Bill, and moved that it be read a second time that day three months. On a division the amendment was negatived by a ma- jority of 13') to G. The debate was then adjourned. I THURSDAY, JUNE 28. The house was occupied nearly all the evening con- sideling the clauses of the poor relief (Ireland) bill. Eight divisions took place on as many amendments, all of which were favourable either to the original clauses, or to amendments moved by go\ernment. Progress was ultimately reported (at 12 o'clock), the committee to sit again next day. Two or three bills were forwarded, and the considera- tion of others was postponed. Mr. Spooner moved that the debate on the protection of women bill be resumed. Mr. M. Gibson complained that to proceed with such a measure after what had been said of it by the Attorney- General and the Home-Secretary was calculated to bring legislation into contempt. 0 Mr. II. Berkeley considered it a mere farce to pro- ceed with such a measure as the present. Let the hon. gentleman plr, Spooner) make the alterations he had promised, and then the bill might be entertained. Two divisions ensued on motions to adjourn the debate. They were both negatived; but Mr. Spooner soon afterwards consented to an adjournment till Wed- nesdav. Lord Ashley obtained leave to introduce two bills to effect certain improvements in the general board of health, and nuisances removal bill. The house was counted out at a quarter to two. FRIDAY, JUNK 29. I THE IRISH POOR LAW. I The House went into committee on the bill for the alteration and amendment of the poor-law in Ireland and on Clause 4, Sir H. W. Barron moved an amendment with the object of making the interest on mortgages liable for poor-rates. The committee then divided, and the numbers were— 12 For the amendment 12 Aga¡nst ¡t 81 Majority 69 Clause t, enacting that the proportion ot tne rate tc be deducted by the occupier from his rent should be always one-half, was opposed by Mr. E. B. Roche, who said the present system increa- sed the proportion of the slim payable by the landlord in the ratio of the excess of the rent paid over the poor-law valuation, and that the proposed change would be inju- rious to the Irish occupying tenants, the majority of whom were rack-rented. The Chancellor of the Exchequer said, the original intention of the Irish poor-law was, that the landlord and tenant should each pay half the rate but the terms of the act had admitted fraud, and in many places the valuation had been made low on purpose to throw the whole burden of the rate on the landlord. The House divided, and the iiumber- were- For the clause. 125 Against it 19 Majority lOG On clause 9, enacting that agricultural improvements should be exempted from rating to the poor for seven years, Sir II. W. Barron moved as an amendment that the term of exemption should be 21 years. Sir Geo. Grey opposed the amendment. Seven years had been fixed upon as a time within which a man would he likely to get back his capital, while twenty-one years was obviously too long. Finally, the clause was agreed to. Clauses up to 11 inclusive were agreed to the House resumed; the Chairman reported progress, and ob- tained leave to sit again on Saturday. THE PAI.ACE COURT. The bill introduced by the Attorney-General for the I abolition of this court was read a second time. The other orders of the day were then disposed of, and I the House adjourned shortly after one o'clock. I SATURDAY, JUNE 30. I The House met at 12 o'clock, and resumed, in com- mittee, the consideration of the Poor Relief (Ireland) Bill, the clauses of which were gone through, and most of the amendments were disposed of; but there being no prospect at 6 o'clock that the committee could bring its labours to a termination that day, the Chairman reported progress, and liad leave to sit again nominally on Monday, with the understanding, however, that the remaining amendments would be considered at a noon sitting on Tuesday.

SIR n. PEEL AT THE MANSION HOUSE. I l' On W ednesday evening the Lord irivor gave a grand dinner to Sir It. Peel, and a large party of peers and gentlemen (understood to be Sir Robert's more imme- diate supporters) and their ladies. Covers were laid for 200. Sir Ii. Peel in returning thanks for the toast of his health proposed by the Lord Mayor, said It is now forty years since my parliamentary career commenced, and my lot has been cast during a most important and eventful period of the history of the country. I look back on that which has passed during the eventful time with mixed feelings of satisfaction and regret-uf regret, because with scarcely an exception the tide of time has swept away every one who then occupied the chief posts in the Government—almost all those great minds that were then swaying the destinies oi empires or command- ing the applause of listening senators. (Hear, hear.) It has pleased God, indeed, to ^pare to us one illustrious man. He remains, Like a great sea-mark, standing every flood, And saving those that eye lum I entered public life when Spain was occupied by the French army—by no less than 360,000 French soldiers, when, after the lwttle of Talavera, the Duke of Welling- ton retired from Spain, and withdrew a force of 30,000 British within the lines of Torres Vedras. There was great disgrace and great depression felt in consequence, and it was prophesied that the British army must evacuate the Peninsula, and a public proclamation was issued by Napoleon that he would, himself, take the command in Spain, and that his crossing the Pyrenees would be the signal for the British leopard to rush into the sea to es- cape death or disgrace. Preparations were made to withdraw from the lines of Torres Vedras, if necessarv- but there was one man who never saw the need, and who, aided by the noble marquis near me (Londonderry), and the other martial spirits of the time, ad vanced from those lines, and the British leopard never paused in its career until the British standard was floating on the walls of Paris, and '.he independence of Europe was won by the gallantry and intrepidity of the Duke of Welling- ton. (Cheers.) He, thank God, is still spared to us. (Hear, hear.) Alluding, then, to the prospects for im- proving the condition of Ireland, the hon. baronet pro- cceded to sayMen of all parties and all political con- nexions are now feeling the deepest sympathy with the misfortunes of that unhappy country, and feeling the most sincere desire to administer to her present wants, and to lay the foundation for her future prosperity. If the City of London can co-operate in this great object, it will confer on itself a credit which is already justly its due trom its past connexion with the history of that country. It is now almost two hundred and forty years since a sovereign of this country desirous to make a set- tlement in Ireland sought the assistance of the City of London, and invited their co-operation in restoring what was then called the ruined cities of Londonderry and Coleraine: and if there be any authority which has rea- son to look back on its connexions with Ireland without remorse it is the City of London, which has done more than parliamen t or proprietors to promote the iilterests of that country, and, forgetting temporary gain or pre- sent interest, has sought a compensation for such sacri- fices in the permanent welfare of the district with which it was connected. 1 hope, after the lapse of 240 years, the City of Loudon may be again able to assist in pro- moting the welfare of Ireland If so, it will act now on new, on more liberal and comprehensive principles. It will not seek, as it used to do, to expel the natives from the soil, but will rather seek to elevate their cha- racter, to encourage their industry, and find permanent employment for them, and instil into their minds the principles of order, of respect for the law, and submission to the constituted authorities. I hope snch a plan may succeed, and that it may receive from the Government the encouragement which is necessary. The boundaries of the City arc necessary limited, its jurisdiction cannot be extended but if by a useful connexion with IrdallJ it can encourage in the remote districts habits of indus- try and self-support, it will endear the English name to the people of that country, and do more to cement the union than any legislation. It is my deep obligation to the city of London, my respect for its past course, and for its present chief magistrate, which induces me to say, that I hope, under his auspices, this charitable work may be undertaken, and that it may please God to prosper it, and to lay the foundation for the future peace and prosperity of'that country. The right hon. baronet in conclusion, proposed the health of the Lord Mayor, who returned thanks. Mr. Bancroft, the American Am- bassador. who passed a high eulogium on Sir 11. Peel, the Earl of Al..ld. en, Sir J. Graham, and bir Y. Thesi- ¡ g-r. i itei warii> addressed tile meetinar. t, )

11, E L A -\1). j Tiir. IT.vUVEST.—CKF.CK TO EMIGRATION.—The very favourable prospects of the harvest, especially of t"le potato crop, have already produced the effect of gi, in a decided check to the emigration mania. In proportion to the renewed hopes of abundant harvests and the re- storation of the potatoe is the growing inÚisp()itjon to emigrate, especially as bnd can now be had on much easier terms, and with much greater facility, than before the disastrous Lilllre of 1816. THE IRISH Pooit-LAws.—The following is the thir- teenth report from the Select Committee on the Irish Poor-laws 1That boards of guardians should he in- structed to employ the able-bodied paupers on such use- ful pud productive works of a public character as the commissioners may sanction, avoiding all interference with the ordinary independent industry of the country. That boards of guardians be empowered to send young persons who shall have been over one year in the work- house into private service, with power of control, as in cases of apprenticeship; and also to place them in the land or sea service. That persons obtaining relief under false pretences be subjected to the same punishment as is provided for a vagrant. REVEI;SE OF FOUTUXE.—Clarence Mangan, an un- fortunate literary character, died last week in abject penury. He was well known by his poetical translations from German literature, being the author of Antholo- gia Germanica," "leaflets f, om the German Oak," and a variety of essays in the University Magazine. The misery in which he lived for many years was very great, as his n-rctchcd health prevented him from labour. Within the last ten days he was an inmate of one of the temporary hospitals provided for cholera patients. DEPARTURE OF THE —The Cork Reporter of Friday contains the following announcement We have just learned (l o'clock p.m.) that the Elphinstone sailed shortly after 11 o'clock this morning, with Messrs. Martin and O'Doherty on board. We cannot understand why these gentlemen should have been sent out by her if she was not considered a fit ship for the transmission of the other state prisoners." The first electric telegraph erected in Ireland has just been constructed on the Great Southern and Western for two miles between the company's works at Inchichore and the terminus at Kingsbridge. Hops have been planted at Kiliush, Ireland, and pro- tnise well. I- Truth is," remarks the Fister Gazette, there is required in Ireland an.agricultural venture- I' 30meneS8. Our soil is adapted for many purposes to which it has nevcr been applied," The Enniskillen Reporter says that the Earl of Erne has resolved to reduce his rents permanently 2-3 per cent, and to take upon himself the entire of the rate in aid. The good fathers of the West Convent Galway (we learn from the local Vindicator), have devised a new means of employing poor children. Little girls are em- ployed at intervals, during school hours and the rest of the day, in the manufacture of various twines, which have been found to compete in price and quality with what the shopkeepers procured from a distance. MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT.—Extract of a letter from Belfast:—"A very extraordinary and melancholy acci- dent occurred in the vicinitv of this town yesterday, by which two lives have been sacrificed under painful cir- cumstances. It appeared that a soldier of the 13th Regi- ment, named Patrick Breen, a native of Dublin, and a girl named Sarah Smith, were married yesterday at noon by the district registrar, and between 6 and 7 o'clock in the evening they went out to take a walk by the Mulom- road. Overtaken by a shower, they went off the road into what is called the Sand-hole, and seeing an over- hanging part of the bank they went under it, and whilst under it several tons of sand fell upon them and crushed them to death. The bodies were discovered this morning and an inquest was held upon them. A verdict of Ac- cidental death' was returned. Breen had been about four years in the regiment, and bore an excellent charac- ter. Sarah Smith was a servant, much respected by Lcr mistress." Gloóe. SKIBBERF.EN Hoiutoits.—In a letter from the doomed district of Skibbereen, dated June 24, a Mr. William O'Callaghan thus writes to a Cork paper At the in- stance of Mr. Henry Newman, Poor Law guardian, the recipients of outdoor relief in the parish of Caheragh, in this union, were, on Wednesday last, called together at Killeenleagh, for the purpose of ascertaining whether these parties were fit objects of relief. Many of the fa- mished creatures had to walk over seven miles to the place. Whilst their names were called oyer a scene of a most distressing nature occurred. A miserable-looking man named Matthew Sullivan, was found dying of hun- ger the Rev. Mr. Nehen was got to prepare him, and had scarce finished his sacred office when an aged woman, Mary Stukas, appeared in the death agonies but it did not stop here. Another and another followed in such quick succession, that the priest requested any having sufficient strength left to repair to their hovels, and pro- mised that he would go through the whole parish and administer the last sacrament, as, in his opinion, the entire population was in a dying state. I understand there is to be a similar review in all the other electoral divisions. It is to be hoped the guardians will exhibit more humanity upon those occasions than has charac- terised the meeting at Killeenleagh, for there the crippled and the deaf who were not fortunate enough to be in time were erased from the lists, notwithstanding the assertion of the relieving-officer that they would perish before the next board-day. In this locality death is doing its work to a fearful extent; 100 human beings weekly are con- signed to pits in the graveyard of Abbeystrowry. Land- lord power is not abated in the least; upwards of 10 families were turned out of their cabins in the townland of Liek and tLc island of Skerkin. The sick were drag- ged from their sups of straw and placed by the ditch. Two houses were, however, spared, the occupants being all in cholera, from which eveii the drivers recoiled with horror, choosing to incur the blame of their master ra- ther than approach this fearful epidemic. Another wholesale eviction is taking place while I write Oil the lands of Enough:?

MURDER AT WESTBURY, WILTS. j Another of those cases of poisoning which have of late been before the public with such painful frequency, has just occurred at V/estburv, Wilts. Rebecca Smith, wife of Philip Smith, labourer, stands charged, on very grave evidence, with the murder of her infant, Richard Smith, wlio was born on the loth of May, and died on the 12th inst. The accused lias been married 18 years, and given birth to 11 children, all whom, except the ?Lli %ioni, excep the eldest, have died in their infancy. Some suspicions having been created on the death of the last child, the body was exhumed, under a coroner's warrant, when a post-mortem examination was made by Mr: G. Shor- land, of Westbury, in the presence of Mr. Gibbs, ano- ther surgeon. The result of the investigation convinced those gentlemen of the presence of arsenic in the sto- mach of the deceased, and the viscera was accordingly submitted to Mr. Herapath, the eminent chemist of Bris- tol, for analyzation. A jury was afterwards sworn before Mr. G. Sylvester, one of the coroners for W iltshire, when evidence was given as to the identity of the body of the deceased child. Prudence Mead also deposed that on the 7th of June (five days before the child died) the mother came to her and requested witness to accompany her to the shop of Mr. Taylor, druggist, of Westbury, to purchase some arsenic, which she said her sister, who lives at Bratton, near Westbury, wanted, with which to destroy rats that infested her house. Ihe sister, who was subse- quently called, denied that she had ever requested Re- becca Smith to purchase any poison for her for such a purpose, as she had no rats or mice in her house, nor had she ever heard her sister complain of having any. The purchase of the poison by the mother of the de- ceased was proved by Mr. Iayhr's apprentice, who served her with it, properly labelled, at the same time warning her of its deadly propensities. Mr. G. Shorland, surgeon, and registrar of births and deaths for Westbury, proved that the mother registered the child's death as being from unknown causes." He also proved that on the post vior tern examination, traces of arsenic were discovered in the deceased's sto- mach, such arsenic being sufficient to have caused death. Philip Smith, father of the deceased child, deposed that his wife usually had the care of the infant in nur- sing and feeding it; considered it healthy when it was born did not derive any pecuniary benefit from its death had been married 18 years to Rebecca Smith, who had by him eleven children born alive, the whole of whom, except the eldest, died in infancy was not aware that his wife had purchased any arsenic, nor did he know what it was for. The burial of the child at the Baptist chapel, Bratton, on the 16th of June, and the exhumation on the 22nd having been proved, Mr. Win. Ilerapath, analytical chemist, of Bristol, deposed that the body contained arsenious acid and milk in solution, and also a very slight trace of arsenic not dissolved. lie had no doubt the infant died from the effects of arsenic. After some other evidence, as to the exhumation and custody of the body since its disinterment, and some statements made by the prisoner while in custody, deny- ing some of the evidence given against her, had been heard, The Coroner, addressing Rebecca Smith, said-Ilave you any statement you wish to make to the gentlemen of the jury in this case. Prisoner—No, sir. Coroner-The witnesses who have given evidence are all present; if you wish to ask of them any question, they can be brought up ? Prisoner—N o, sir. The Coroner then recapitulated the evidence to the jury; and the court having been cleared for a short time, they returned a verdict of Wilful Murder" against Rebecca Smith, who was thereupon committed to take her trial at the ensuing Wilts assize. The prisoner, who is a forbidding-looking woman, of about 4-3 or 50 years of age, maintained a most indiffe- rent behaviour throughout the whole proceedings, and was removed from the jury-room in custody, apparently far less excited than any of the parties who had been engaged in the enquiry. — Abridged from the Bristol Mercury.

NELSON'S DIRECTNESS OF PURPOSE.—TO this ae-I' cnunt of Somerset-house I may add a little circum- stance of interest which I was told by an old clerk on the establishment of the audit-nmce. When I first came to this building," he said, "1 was in the habit of seeing, for many mornings, a thin, spare, naval officer, with only one arm, enter the vestibule at a smart step, and make direct for the Admiralty, over the rough round stones of the quadrangle, instead of taking whitt others generally took, and continue take, the smooth pa\cmvnt at the .sides. His thin, frail figure shook at every step, and I often wondered why he chose so rough a footway but I ceased to wonder w hen I heard that the thin, frail officer was no other than Lord Nelson —wdio always took," continued my informant, the nearest way to the place he wanted to go to." — Cwiningham*a Loudon. BOWEL COMPLAINTS MAY R- C'Itl:i) ]ly PILLS, — Persons suffering from diarrluna, or any afi'clion of the bowels, should have recourse to wav's Pills, as they are the safest and most certain remedy to obviate or remove the morbid and irritating causes of the disorder, by which means the impaired tOIle of the stomach becomes perfectly restored. An in- ordinate secretion of bile is frequently the primary instigation of these troublesome complaints, and should be guarded .t?ain?t by taking timely doses of these incs- timable pills, which arc acknowledged to be the best 1%,Iiieli iio ali, tob(, tti(, I)cst bile, and iiidLrcntioa.

| FQIIEIGN INTELLIGENCE. I r, F()EEIGX I:\TELLLGEXCE. I FRANCE. 1 The French have not hitherto achieved that success in their Italian expedition which often redeems in the eye of mankind an aggressive policy. The ultimate inten- tions of the Government of France on this most difficult question are still wrapped in mystery. Ostensibly, the original object of the illvasioli of the Roman territory would seem to have been abandoned, as we hear nothing of the restoration of the Pope, either to his spiritual or his temporal authority. It would seem that the French, i haing in the first instance undervalued their antagon- ists, now find that they were mistaken in supposing them a mere revolutionary rabble. The determined and sus- tained resistance of Rome, a city never considered defensible in the modern system of tvLirf-ire, ltits appa- reut: v worked a change in French feeling; and the latest rumours we receive from Paris is that there is a possibility of an arrangement between the French Com- mander and the Roman Government, in the terms of which the Pope would be left utterly out of the question. General Ourlinot is advancing, though but slowly, in his attack on the city but, unless hostilities are suspended, we mnst soon hear of the final success of the French. The General's proclamation promises that the laws and properties of the inhabitants shall be respected if the city be taken by assault. These events arc still a sore subject with the Opposi- tion in the French Assembly, now recovering somewhat from the effect of the late repressive coup of the Govern- ment. Rut although there is much violence in the speeches of the Ultra-Republican members, the Govern- ment continues to secure large majorities. PARIS, SATURDAY. — The Moniteur publishes two despatches from General Oudinot, dated Santucci, the 22d inst., and detailing the siege operations from the 19th to the 2'd inst. The second despatch gives also the details of the assault, which took place on the night of the 21st. The General adds that the ensemble of these operations has been glorious for the French arms. According to the same authority, the health of the army was satisfactory, notwithstanding the great heat. The Moniteur :jishe;; two decrees signed by the President of the II. ;i dc, the one disbanding the National Guard of Albi, in tiie department of the Tarn, and the second disbanding the National Guard of Moissac, in the Haute Garonne. M. Dalican, the editor of the tie. Nation Democrat;que et Sociate, and M. Jules the editfe- of the lief or me, were arrested in Paii- -e Thurs- day, on a charge of having been engaged in to conspi- racy of June la, A letter from Valenciennes of the 27th inst., states that an attempt was made on Tuesday i-.ight last to blow up the powder magazine in that town, but fortunately without success. The Journal des Debats announces that the negotiations for peace between the Austrian and Piedmontese aGt,'ovei-nnients have been inter- rupted in consequence of the increased demands of the Austrian negotiators for a pecuniary indemnity, and also in consequence of a refusal to engage on the part of the Austrian Government to grant a complete amnesty. On Thursday, in the National Assembly, a scene of confusion took place, owing to the wllhdrawalof the Mountain in a body, in order to stop the proceedings and impede the voting on the lJill respecting the regulations of the House. It became necessary to call each individual member by name, which occupied the House till 6 o'clock, when all adjournment took place. SARDINIA. A letter from Berne ol the 23rd inst., announces the conclusion of peace between Austria and Sardinia on the following conditions The evacuation of Alessandria; payment to Austria of the expenses of the war Modena and Parma to be ceded to Piedmont in lieu of Lombardv an offensive and defensive alliance between Austria and Piedmont, and the latter to furnish a contingent of 20,000 men. The Austrian troops evacuated Alessandria on the 18th of June. The Internationale, of Bayonne, of the 21st, says that a telegraphic despatch announces the death of King Charles Albert, at Oporto. VENICE. The bombardment of Venice has been suspended in consequence of proposals of capitulation having been made bv the besieged. BAVARIA. The Prince and Princess Joinville arrived at Munich on the 20th hist., from Coburg on the 21st inst., thev proceeded to Stain, to visit their mother-in-law, the widowed Empress of Brazil. ITALY. j The breaching battery, at sixty metres distant from the Roman walls, was opened on tile 19th. The walls were expected to be demolished in forty-eight hours. The HmIldns had ceased firing on the bastions; but it was apprehended they were preparing a second line of defence on the same hill parallel to the points at which the French would make their assault. The latest jilt- ligence received by the French Government from the camp at Rome, however, states that Gen. Oudinot had so far succeeded in his operations upon the out- works that the city was entirely at his mercy, to spare which, and the horrors of a frightful carnage, he had submitted fresh terms to I ,he triumvirate through M. de Core-dies, which it was thought would be accepted by the Romans. DENMARK. From information which has reached us, and on which reliance may be pbced, we are enabled to state that there is at length a prospect of the Schiestvig-iloistcin war being- speedily concluded. The negotiations which have been for some time pending- have so far advanced the solution of this question that its final arrangement may be looked for in the middle of the ensuing month of J uly.— Globe. AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY. I The war in Hungary still shows that the Hungarian nation is making a determined stand against the com- bined 1\.l\5sian and Austrian forces. All the information we receive from this part of Europe is tinged with party misrepresentation, so that it is eXiremely difficult to determine the truth. It seems, however, beyond a doubt that the Hungarians and th8 united 1I11¡wrialists fought a battle of nearly three d,.vs' tlurati,)l on tiie banks of the Waag, at the end of which G'eorgev, the Hungarian General, was compelled to retire, not, however, without afterwards taking up a position so strong as to enable him to resist the further advance of the enemy. ANCOXA capitulated on the 18th to the AuMrians, I after a well-sustained bombardment. The conditions of the capitulation are a poetical amnesty for the inhabi- tants, the dissolution of the corps forming the present garrison, and the occupation of the fortress and of the port of Ancona by the Imperial troops in the name of liis Imperial Majesty. GERMANY. I llie insurrection m iSaclen has been crushed by the Prussian troops and the restoration of the Grand Duke of Baden is expected immediately. THE GUlL OF THE REGIMENT.—The Frankfort cor- respondent of the Times says,—"The Regent is holding a great general review, and, I suppose, the last one, of troops stationed here, on the fields adjoining the new splendid railway-bridge over the river Mayn. In spite of the early honr, a great many of the Frankfort dandies are going to ride and drive thither, in ordPr to see, not the venerable Archduke, but a youthful Figlia del Reg- gimento, who accompanies the regiment of Mecklenburg dragoons, now in service at Frankfort. It appears that, this interesting creature is the orphan of an officer, and was leit by him heir to at least a very ancient and ho- nourable family name. From love of adventure she accomparied the squadron, of which her father had been the e. ander, on its way from Mecklenburg to this place. Romantic stories are told al)),L this Fi-ii-ileiii Von T.; among others, that all the officers of the regi- ment are bound by tln ir word to be. under all circum- stances, nothing more than her protect,- the defen- ders of her honour and name. By sp, erofthe c-'Ionel of the regiment, she is pc-rmjtted i; ear a most elegant and tasteful uniform, and to ride with the dragoons whenever she pleases. She has le- -ons in riding, and has appeared at a parade in Frankfort, and was stared at as the most wonderful spectacle ever seen by our staid citizens." SPAIX. The last accounts from Madrid are of the 23d inst. The Queen was expected in -,I fe, days from Aranjnez, and intended to remove in the beginning of July to the royal residence of La Grana. The discussion on the Tariff Bill would in all probability be closed on that day, and the authorization demanded by the Government granted by the Chamber of Deputies. Queen Christina is dangerously ill at Aranjnez, and it was even reported in Madrid on the 22nd inst., that she was dead. TIIE SPANISH LEGITIMIST?.—The Cariist noblemen | and gentlemen-, hitherto residing as exiles in this and other countries, have at length come to the determina- tion to return to Spain, and avail themselves of the provisions of the recent act of amnesty. Several of them have set out for their native land, and some we believe, have already arrived there.— Post. PORTUGAL. A change has taken place in the Poituguese Ministry, as follows :-Cond e Thomar, Home Department; Conde Tojal, Foreign Avilla, Finance Ferreri, War; Magul- haens, Justice Florida, Marine. AUSTRALIA. Letters have been received from Sydney to the 13th of I March. The exploring expedition of Mr. E. B. Kennedy, into the north country between Moreton Bay and Cape York, had unhappily terminated in the death of the gallant leader and nine of his men. Mr. Kennedy was murdered by the natives, and the men died from star- vation. INDIA. We ( The Times of Friday,) have received by extraordi- nary express our usual correspondence and papers in anticipation of the Overland Mail. The latest dates by this arrival aTe-Calcutta, the 8lh of May and Bombay, the 21st of May. India was profoundly tranquil, and the only facts of any political importance contained in the papers, are the reported surrender of the Ranee to the British authorities by the Court of Nepaul, and the final suppression of the insurrection in the N izam's dominions, together with the capture of the pretended Appa Sahib. No events of interest had transpired in the Punjab, where, notwithstanding occasional reports of the pre- valence of disaffected feeling, and alarms, now and then, of intended breaks out on a small scale, everything under the new regime has as yet worn an aspect of exter- nal peace and tranquillity. Letters from the Punjab, of the beginning of the present month, inform us that the trial of Moolraj was going on at Lahore, before a Court consisting of Mr. Mansel, as President, and Biigadier Godby and Mr. Montgomery, as members. The Court was an open one. Our informants say nothing as to whether Moolraj bad succeeded in obtaining European assistance in conducting his defence. A short time since it was averred that a lac of rupees had been offered to any one who would perform the task. Anotner letter says that Colonel Stcinbaeh, late of the Sikh seivice, was at Lahore, having been sent thither by GhoJab Singh, 01 Caslllllcre, OIl some business, the nature of which has not transpired. Chuttur Singh and Shere Singh, with a number of other Sirdars inimical to our rule, being virtually at large, the elements of disaffection and disturbance were believed to be still rife in the country. We further learn that the Governor-General had I direected the immediate return, to Lahore and Jullundur respectively, of all English ladies in various parts of the their tnvflH'.ig expenses tn be paid by the =- We regret to observe that by the last accounts there was a good deal of sickness at- Lahore, small-pox and fever the prevalent maladies^. Captain Ross is to be-the Commissioner at Ldah; Mr. Edgworth is to be at Moot tan Mr. Edward Thorn- ton at Jhelr.rn, or thereabouts; Mr. Montgomery at Lahore and Umritsir (the centre of the Punjab being his district) and Mr. Donald M'Leod has been appointed to the Jullundur. Yv'e have not a single item of political r.evvs from Scinde. From Calcutta we learn that Sir C. Napier reached that place on Sunday, the 6t;. of May, ar.d disembarked about half-past 3 o'clock in the afternoon, under a salute from the fort guns. Sir Charles was sworn in on the 7th, in the usual man- ner, and took his seat, in accordance with his appoint- ment, as Extraordinary Member of the Council of India. SIU C. NAPIER AND THE 9<!TH.—The Calcutta Star says, Majesty's 96th were reviewed at Fort \Vil- liam by tae new Commander-in-Chief at daylight on the morning of the 11 th of May. So quietly had the arrange- ments been made that scarcely half a dozen spectators besides military men were present. Sir Charles Napier, puncrual IO a proverb, reached the parade, accompanied by the town-major, before a single officer of the regiment had made his appearance, and finding no other amuse- ment, waked into the barracks. He soon returned, however, ar.d subjected the regiment to a minute inspec- tion, after v iiich it marched past in slow, and again in quick time, and then advanced in line. At tiie close Sir Charles Napier addressed the men in a characteristic speech. After alluding to his former connexion with the regiment, he said:—' I am very glad to meet the 96th again. We have both been a good deal about the world since we were last together, and I am very giad to hear such a good account of the regiment. Your colonel tells me that you are not only in good health, but that you are good in coiidtict-tiiat you have very few men in hos- pital. Now, this is all and I hope you will continue to bear a good character. But let me give you a bit of advice—that is. don't drink. I know young men do not think much about advice from old men. T!iey put their tongue to their cheek, and think they know a good ueil better than the old cove that is giving them advice. Buf let me tell you, that you are come to a country where, if you drink, you're dead men. If you be sober and steady, you" get oil well but if you drink you are done for. You will be either invalided or die. 1 knew two regi- ments in this connntry-one drank, the other did'nt drink. The one that did'nt drink is one o," the fittest regiments, and has got on as well as any regiment in existence. The one that did drink has been all but de- stroyed. For any regiment for which I have a respect (and there is not one of the British regiments whom I don't respect)t, I should always try and persuade them to keep from drinking. I know there are some men who will drink in spite of the Devil and their officers but such men will soon be in hospital, and very few that go in in this country ever come out again. I wish the \1iJth Regiment every success, and am very glad to see it iu the state it is.' After expressing to Major Cumberlege his great gratification, he called the sergeant-major of tiie regiment, with whom he had a few minutes' confidential chat. lie then dismissed the regiment, and proceeded to an inspection of the arsenal." AMERICA. LiVEiirooL, SUNDAY.—The North American mail steamer Europa, Capt. Lott, arrived in the Mersey this morning, with advices from Boston to the 20th, and Halifax to the 2'2nd ult. She made the run throughout in 10,1 days. It is our melancholy duty to preface the intelligence brought by the Europa with a short abstract of a catas- trophe seldom, if ever, exceeded in the sudden and cala- mitous nature of its results. On the afternoon of the 27th ult., in lat. 50 49, long. 29 30, during a dense fog, a collision took place between the Europa and the Ame- rican bark Charles Bartleet, from LOlJdon to New York. Within three minutes after the collision the bark went down. Every means were used by the officers, crew, and passengers on board the Europa to save the unfor- tunate people on board the bark. By strenuous exer- tions, 42 out of 177 were saved. At the time of the collision most of the emigrants were on deck dancing. Capt. Bartleet, the commander of the unfortunate vessel, in the declaration he has since made, expresses his opinion that the collision was inevitable, the fog being so dense that they could not see any distance, and fur- ther expresses his acknowledgments for the kindness and attention he and the other officers experienced whilst on board the Europa. Subscriptions to the amount of £:352 5s. had been collected by the passengers in the Europa. The steamer received no injury beyond the loss of her cutwater. The illness of the ex-President Polk, has resulted in death. His co:np!aint is said to have been chronic diarrhcea. A duel between Mr. Clay and Mr. Turner has resulted in the death of the latter the former having received a severe wound. Canadian affairs were quiet on the 16th ult. The Governor-General was at his country seat. It was reported that he did not intend to revisit the city of Montreal. A strong guard was still kept at the Govern- ment house. Business was dull. It was reported that the board of naval officers to whom the Secretary of the Navv referred the proposition of fitting out an expedition in search of Sir John Franklin h ive reported against the feasibility of the enterprise on various grounds -because the season is too far advanced to reach the west coast of the con- tinent in time to prosecute the search according to the projected plan, and because the Government owns no ve-.sel adapted to this peculiar description of service. The Crescent City arrived at New Orleans on the 11th ult., f;om Chagres, with nearly 1,030,000 dollars in gold. and advices from San Francisco to the 1st of May. The mail steamer Tay t-niled from Chagres on the 10th of May' with 100,000 dollars in gold dust. The steam-ship California sailed from San Francisco on the 1.5th of May, arrived at Panama on the 21st, and wouM sail on the 25th. Shc is rcpur:d to have 1,000,000 dollars in goH dust. The astonishing accounts IJrI'-1 vionslv received from the mines are said to fall 1M short of I the reality. Nothing had been done towards estab- lishing a Frùv:si0nal GOYC; nment. Choler.! was making fearful ravjges among the California emigrants at the west. On the ISth uit., the inundation at New Orleans was said to be extending, leaving large deposits of mud ia the district that has been flooded. It is stated that on the5t'n ult. Tampico was threatened by A body of 10,000 Mexican Indians, who were expected to a Mack the city on 7th ult. SL,, Domingo accounts of the 3rd ult. state that the city surrendered on tne 23th of May to the army of Santa Anna. ¡ President Hematics made hia escape on board of an English vessel of war, bound to Kingston. About 40 of the leading men had been arrested by order of Santa I men It.d quiet, ai-reste(, t)y or.,Ier of SiiTit?i Anna. iho city was quiet, and bus i ness improving.

■EMARKAULS STATEMENT.—An eminent physician of Paris, Dr. Bonet, has written to a professional bro- ther in this town statements so 8tar:1¡ng in reference to Hie results of a very simple mode of treating, in the worst Stages, the disease now so fatal.y prevalent in Paris, that we deem it our duty at once to lay it before the public. The letter, of which tiie following is a translation, is dated Paris, June 18 :—" I think it my duty to inform my professional brethren that, in a great number of patients affected with cholera in the last stage, that is to say, whenjlhe pulsation of the heart and the movement of the pulses are absent, and iu the corniiieitceiiieiit of the blue stage, I have succeeded in restoring the action of the heart and in recovering the pati, iit from the blue stage by adtiiiiiisteritia, at inter- vals of hatfan hour, four cups of a hot and sweetened infusion of the common lime tice, mint, balm, or chamomile, &e., in each of which cup of infusion were four drops of volatile alkali, making sixteen drops, which the patient may take in two hours. The reaction is a!most instantaneous. The pulse commences instan- taneously to beat, rather irregularly at first, it is true, but afterwards with force, the blue state disappears, the body, face, and extremities are covered with hot and copious sweat, and in a few hours the patient is entirely out of danger. It is frequently necessary t > combat the reaction, when it becomes loo strong, by the assistance of bieeding." — Liverpool Albion. THE NEW PROTECTIONIST LKAKER.—Mr. D'lsraeli is at length the accepted leader of the Protectionista- that i, to say, in the House of Commons. He is no longer a mere triumvir, holding the office in commission with Mr Herries and the Marquis of Granby. At a full meeting of the Protectionist members ef both houses, held the other day at Lord Stanley's, he was formally recognised. When the members had all arrived, lie and Lord Stanley appeared at a side door, and harangued them. After which, on Mr. D'Israeli's reiirins;. a double line was formed, and the deepest obeisance was made to him as he passed into the square. Important resolutions were come to at the meeting. Another dash is yet to be made against the government before the close of the session. Of this Mr. D'Israeli's notice of motion for a committee of the whole house to take into consideration the state of the nation is the the first indication—Manchester Examiner. How TO TELL Goon CIDER.-There is an old Dutchman living in the north of Vermont, very famous for having a large orchard, and making good cider. The old fellow is fond of the beverage himself, but was never known to offer any to his neighbours. One evening a friend called upon him, and hoping to flatter the old man out of a glass, began to praise his cider, Yaas, yans," said the phlegmatic Dutchman, I hash coot cider—Hans, pring me a mtJ." The boy fetched the cider and handed it to hisfather,who drank it all at a single pull then turning to his astonished visitor, exclaimed, Tere, ten if you don't tink dat ish coot cider, chust smell of the mug. PATIENCII.Ni. Lamartine thus illustrates the neces- sity of a man submitting to contemporary calumny and neglect in order to gain iiiimortality A block of marble he says, at which the sculptor was cutting and clipping, cried out that it was hurt. But,' says the sculptor, you are only a block and I am cutting you into a statue that you may go down to posterity. Cannot you suffer a little for the sake of such a glorious transformation?" So with the man of genius he is but the block of marble until calumny and insult have transformed him into the immortal stone. WON DEREUL DISCOVERY. Cockbur/is Oriental Botanical Extract.—To all those who study a beautiful and fair C()Illp!e,ion ai-.d are troubled with freckles, tan spots, blotches, or other decolourations of the skin, nothing will be found so efficacious and speedy in dfpcting a permanent cure as the above extract while at, the same time it imparts a delightful and youthful appearance to the complexion. Tothoseresidingin.or proceeding to tropical climates, the Oriental Botanical Extract will be found an invaluable remedy in removing all sun spots and other eruptions of the skin so prevalent in the East and West Indies. It will likewise be found to possess the most exotic and refreshing qualities. Prepared only and sold wholesale and retail by the sole proprietor, George H. S. Cockburn. Aldgate, London Messrs. Evans & Co., Wiiolosale Chemists. Agents for Exeter; J. W. White, Chemist, Guildhall S.jmre.s )«! agent for Carmarthen and all other chemists and prifumere in th »orld. — See (7(.]" t

f LONDON MARKETS, MONDAY, JULY 2. j MARK L.?.n.—Thc supply ofEn?ish wheat, bY,I,d: t: carriage samples, to tlil:s iii?irkct', 'A',Is b, ingly small, ncv?-rthptess be prices of this day se'"DAy were exceeded in very l-\v matinee: F()!'<i?nw''s?) afm]y at late rates, but business norSned to retail quial tities. Some descriptions of barley reaHscd an ?'" r of Is. per quarter. Beans must be written l?''ct; quarter dearer. Peas.n'eun?ker?d in value. The o■3t tr?de ?s steady, and for fine qualities a slight inipr° nient in price is obtained. > LONDON AVERAGES. FOR THE WEEK ENDING JUXE 23. £ s. d. ??"tt .xn t 18 'J 1, D 5 0 0 1 Wileat.. 1816qrs. 25 1' Pye qrs. 0 0 Badcy 0 0 0 B?ns.. 394 1 0 Oats Y. 1446 0195Peas 0 0 AVERAGE PRICE OF SIX KS. Week ending June 23.—Imperial—General e;411 Avera-e.-Wiieat, 44s. 6d.; Barley, 2Gs. 5d.; Oats,1* go 9d. Rye, 25s. 9d.; Beans, 30. lOd.; Peas, 31s. 0 DUTIES 1 0 1 0 1 UL-A?TITY or FO!tElGX GRAIX E?TERKD M.?? HOME CONSUMPTION DPRIXO TIIE WEEK ESP' JUNE 29..$■ Wheat, Foreign qrs li9g Beans qrs. '}. Bal Ly 7347 Peas. ?t. Oats. 1576S417 7 Flour brls. If3*.1 .Floir blls134" FLoLP.The nominal top price of ^{ Flour has remained stat!onarv,the sale for the at ip,lt has been less free than e, v, and foreign lias ?%'lot commanded the extreme rates of b,Odl of Western Canal, which Nv-er-? iit 2;)6. Pbril we:e, on Friday, obtainable somewhat below that fi1', J; j this can, however be scarcely cal1ed a de?Une, for ?°'"?< holders asked 25s. in the beginning of the w"k, it only realised in a few instances for small qualitie ¡ B?H?D.—The prices of wheaten brei cl? i?ll ie?t in polis are from 7d. to 7?d. and household do., 5d. to t" per 4lbs. loaf. TALLOW.—The demand for Taliow on the s[?? tolerably steady, at prices fully equal to those pil- Monday 1ast, P.Y.C. being quoted at 33s. 3d. to 38s^^i. For forward delivery scarcely any business is dr)i"ot 39s. to 3,,1. per cwt. Town Tallow, 37s. to 3?-"f per ewt., net cash. Rough Fat, 2s. Id. per 81bs. St. Petersbnrgh letter states that the demand there vro heavy. Her.—The prospects of any thi:? like an ave- crop of Hops are at an end, and under any eirci?lms t.;c?! we must expect a small growth. But little bl)!ziiiessIk passing in our market, holders being unwiUinS submit to present rates. The duty is estimate #[ .Ç -f)'O -J, U. u_u- P?ovisiox.—The arrivals last week from Irelitnd?? 9,000 firkins Butter, and 970 bal-s Bacon, and foreign ports, 3,90) casks Butter, and 2,390 boxel  baks of Bacon. The Butter market has ruled very <1?^ during the week, and business transacted to but a iily?$ extent, at prices the turn in favour of the buyers. P" ? having declined to 74s. to 72s., inSuenced the  for Irish. Bacon continues in request, and a furf<[d advance of 2s. per cwt. realized; sales of best Wate''? made at 7?s. to 73s. on board, and 72?. to 745 Js'?j American supports the late advance. SEED.—The operations in the seed market werftjA very little importance, indeed so triflin have beedjØ transactions of late, that quotations must to a certa u extent be regarded as nominal. SMITH FIELD.—Although the prices of each kind JJJ, stock obtained here continu low, it we except thoSe lamb, the imports from the Continent have been 1)"A extensive scale since Monday lat. The total ai-rivaI • amounted to 4,035 head. At the corresponding p?'? f in 1848 we received only 1,718, and at the same  1847 3,?17 head. Amongst the arrivals into LoU f I since our last have been upwards of H,OOO caniste?t preserved meat from Charante. This is the largest '? f portation on record in one vessel. From Ireland ? sea, 85 oxen and 108 lambs have reached us for this "^j ket. The supply of beasts on sale in to-day's n?",t being considerably on the increase, and of e:'Ccel1fB quaHty, the demand for all kinds was in a very inac?. state, at a decline in the quotations realised on  last of quite 2d. per 81bs. The top figure for th ,ct Scots was 3s. 8d. per 81bs. and at which a total cle:?"j was not enected. From Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, we received 1,200 Scots, homebre? and short horns from Lincolnshire, Lei I te?s i.re,8,04 Northmptons1re, 800 short horns f cce)isii the we3' A and mIdland districts 600 runts, Devon9, 80 Irish beasts; from other parts of England, 400 of v ,rl9Of breeds; and from Scotland 180 horned and polled Sc" There was a decided falling off in the number of s eel Prime old Downs (which were scarce) sold at prices ?; equal to those obtained on this day se'nnight. Ot?; wise, the mutton trade was far from active, at iinattere ? currencies. We had a full averse supply of lambS -00'k o?fr, the time of year considered. business was transacted in this descriprion of stock,  I last week's quotation. Calves were in fair average s? ply, and limited request, at late rates. The pork tr* was heavy. In prices, however, we have no changC notice. ?t Per 81bs. to sink the offal.—Coarse ani inferior t?t, 3s. 0d. to 3s. 4d., second quality do. 35. 4d. to Ss.?., prime large oxen 3s. 8d. to ?s. 10d., prime Scots, -? 4s. 0d. to 4s. 2d., coarse and inferior sheep, 3s. 10 ?f' 4s. 2d., second quality do. 4s. 2d. to 4s. 4d 'prime c0d\f woolled sheep 4s. 6d. to 4s. 8d., prime South Do<? 4s. IOd, to 58. Od., large coarse calves, Ss. 4d. to 3s. I  prime small ditto 4s. 6d. to Is 2d., lar?e hogs 3s. 10? 4s. 2d., neat small porket's 4s. t,I) (id., sur, k?09 calves 18s. to 2 7s., and Quartrr-ol Ù -store pigs {|> 21s. each. Total n[Jp¡is: peasts 3,.5:)8, hepp 27? calves 319, pigs 280. Foreign Beasts, 5, sheep ca lves 2,54.  BARK. Per load of 45 cwt. English, Tree £ 1.5 0 0 ti £ 16 0 0 Coppice. £ 10 0 0 — £ 17 0 0 > LIVEltPOOL.-( Duty Free).- Quercitron, £ 8 ^s" £ 9 <>s.; Dutch Oak, per ton, £ 1 to £ 5; Gsr#*n £ 3 10s. to £ 6. y METALS. nxGMsH IUOX. a. J Paten t "hot.19 H B:1" d Cardiff &- c, FORI:ION LEAD, H- .J Newport 5 o 0 Spanish,itibund.1.31'? 10 FOREIGN STEEL, e. ENGLISU TIN i.. Swcùi"h hg £ l 0 0 Block per ewt 3 n" Do. faggot 15 0 0 i Bar .31, 0 Do.<n?')t.H 0 0 Bar.3 18- E\G!HS:icnrpEH.?. ?R<'Hh('d.4? & bolts per Ih: 0 0 9 ana, in bond.. 4, 0.* Tou.?hc?kepsr Straits 3 16 ton .79 10 a I IN, p < 10 0 IC Coke per box. 1 6. 0 Old coppcr e. per i IC Charcoal 1 1'2, « pound. 0 0 H IX do. 1 Iö F?KE?XCOPPHR ? SPELTER m. i South American, Plates warehoused (). in bond.. £ 0 0 0 per ton 1.5 10 » f ENOLISII LEAD. g. Do. to airrive. 0 0 I ig per ton 16 0 0 ZINC. r,. • "fl, Sheet .17 0 0 English sheet 24 0 Red lead 17 100 Quicksilver,o if" # \vhite ditto .22 0 0 pound 0 3 i TEUMS -.—a (i mouths, or 2, per ceiit, 0 doj dis. f ditto; g, ditto; h, ditto i, ditto; ?, net ASIL; ?, 6 months, or 3 per cent, dis; m, net cash; n,3 man or q per ccnt. dis.; 0, clitb, 1 di.

WEEKLY CALENDAR. TIIR MOON CII.VXGES.—Last Quarter on the 13th. at 8h. 51m. morning. HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLAC5. L-OH THE ENSUING WEEK. iCarmar- Cardigan! Tenby I DAYS. then Bar.; and and I witb. Llanelly. Bristol. Milford. I)C. j T" I, Y, H. M. 1 II. M. I H. M. It. Saturday. 7,?7 18 8 ? 6 4$ 8 1 Sunday, 8!I 7 52 8 37 1 22 9 « RF t' Monday, 9'. 8 26 9 11 7 56 9 f Tuesda1 v .10 9 2 9 47 8 32 10 M Wed. 11 9 42 10 27 9 1210 Sf Thurs 12 10 22 11 7?10 52 11 » aj Friday ,13„11 nil M 10 41 0 M

LONDON GAZETTE. i BANKRUPTS.—?Fn'??.y, June -19.)-W PARDING^ E lmstole, Gloucestershire, coal mereliant.-J. DLL iv,i jun., BrIstol, red-ware potter.-E. Aydoon and T- Ferguson, N ewcastle-ou-TpH', grocer.—G. ?iancOv Chittlehainpton, Devon carpenter.—A. D. Astonp3 Wem, Salop, coal-merchant.—W. Hutchiu?-n, S?*" upon-Trent, Nottingham, seed-crusher.—Johu D???.< Dudieyport, Stafford, and Wolvcrhmnpton, -C. W. Sturley, Exchange-street, Xonvich, cabille maker.—D. Kentish, EJ?warebury-fm m, Edgware,  dlesex, farmer.-Jas. Matthews, GomcrsaU. Surrey, dealcr.-T. C., Lakenham, Norwich, auctioneer. B.KRupTs?—?r;M?(?<y, July 3.)-R. MiUar. oit'?. and pickle-mNchant, Princes-street, Spitalfields.- > T. Creech, licensed victualler, Brighton.—J. Bar?t I engineer, Wharf road, City-road.—G. Kirtland, ?? j merchant, BIetchin?ton, Oxfordsliire.-E Mumford, 1 '13?1l, !er, Great Mapipstead, Essex.—H. Miles, builder, Orce?0. t wich. — J. Crocker, hotel kepeer, Atders?atc-street. $. Burbi-id?e, tobacconist, PiceadiHy.—J. Hooker, P? <. Deptford B. RIon.?e!d, corn dealer, Kelvedon, E55e?, W. Gibbie and T. P. Ackerman, drapers, WhiteC0 strcet.-E. Gibson and G. Sturt, bankers St.  Hertfordshire.—A. Denoon, merchant, Adam's-c" Old Broad-street. — W. Sed?y, farmer, Barton-on-"  Heath, Warwickshire.—T. Winter. bui)der, Xottin?"?, -C. Curtis, corn factor,' Nottingham.—W. Krocer. CrowIand. Lincolmhil'e,- J. Mmcr, tin' .She!he!d.—R. E. Sa\ton,jewt.ner,Cr!eh, Derbvsh"'e-? T. D. Hammond dru??i-.t, '11I.:? p  Lord, coal dealer, Blackburn, Lancashire. ?? i

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEl^ BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS:—  LONDON Messrs. Barker and White, 33, FIcet-sf?? Messrs. Newton and Co., Warwick-sq uare;  Reviiell, -12, .Nlr. 1)(,a(-on I NNI'albr o?, RpyneH, 12, Chanc('n-Iane; Mr. Deacon, 3,W?r<?„){' near the Mansion Honse ¡ Mr. Hammond, 27,  bard-street; W. Dawson and Son, 74, Cannon-sfg-et< y Mr. C MitchcH, Red HouCfmrt, Fleet-street; 31t, G. H. Street, 11, Seile-street, London. ^e [ THIS PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by all the ab"Vo agents, and also at Peel's Coffee-House, No. 177 ',t,a 178, Fleet-street; Deacuu's Coffee-House, 'ValbfO and the Auction Mart.. oi j rrinted and Published in Guildhall Square, "'the!'? t,< ? Peter, in the County of the Borough (.f Caimartn In 't p I'roitri?t?r. JrsEn? 'i!?:?;!?HOT[<)M of Pic ton TPTT* Carnj\1rth4!fI aforesaid. I FSIPAV, T r., 1S19.