The Welshman

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEIVED BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS:— LONDON Messrs. Barker and White, 33, Ficot..street; Messrs. Newton and Co., Warwick-square; Mr. O. Reynell, 42, Chancery-lane; Mr. Deacon, .3, Walbrook* near the Mansion House Mr. Hammond, 27, Lom- bard-street; W. Dawson and Son, 74. Cannon-street > Mr. C Mitchell, Red Lion Court, Fleet-street Mr. G. H. Street, 11, Serle-.street, London. THIS PAPER IS RUGULARLY FILED by all the above agents, and also at Peel's Coffee-House, No. 177 an 178, Fleet-street; Deacon's Coifee-flouse, Walbrook; and the Auction Mart. Printed and Published in Guildhall Square, in the Parish of St. Peter, in the County of the Borough of Carmarthen, tv the Proprietor. JOSEPH HEGINBOTTOM, tJfPicton Terrace in Carmarthen aforesaid. FRIDAY, MARCH 30, 1849. t

THE FALL OF POETRY AND APOTHEOSIS I OF THE POET. AN ODE I pn the Pompous Funeral of Campbell in Westminster I Quis desiderio sit pudor or modus, Tarn eari capitis ?-HOR. Mourn for a mighty Poet dead!- What limit to his country's grief, When Death lays low so dear a head ? Crown with the everlasting leaf, From Apollo's own undying Tree, Thunder, Time, and Death defying Prepare the effigy and niche! With one immortal more, enrich Yon old strong hold of Fame, in which The conquerors of Time are lying !— The greatest of the worldly Great, On S uture's own" Most Noble," wait | In death, as greatest he, of all The hand that holds the reins of State, Upholds his funeral pall; And thus from this dim" ever-vext" World's round, the proudest of the proud Conduct the Poet to the next, In triumph, making ev'n the shroud, His coronation robe. Lead to his throne above the strife and cloud Of this unresting globe. Yes-this were noble-generous, great, Were it nr.t hollow mockery all Did not the Muse's fall'n estate- Down-trodden Poetry's own fall, Prove it a mummery-heartless, hollow! — Woe to the secret few who follow The art no more divine see Comus Rule the wise grinning age, while Momus Usurps Fame's throne, it's great Apollo 1"- 'S'dc-ath were the spirit with it born, In that dead heart as when alive, He, the doomed Muse's son, would scorn His goddess-mother to survive Alas for heaven-born Poesv," The Muse, the Muse herself lies dead — The British Muse lies low as he, And Fashion dances o'er her head! Which of those titled mourning Great, Who thus exalt his mortal part Uplifts her head ? regards th' estate,— Fall'n, fall'n,-of his "immortal" Art?" Hark to each hopeless poet's ear,- Comes from that urn and heart, A voice which only thev can hear- dYe hypocrites, depart! Hence with your mummery! bestow Your honours where your hearts are fled Reserve your pantomime of woe, For some great shameless Dancer, dead Is there no bard of Annual" fame, No poetaster elegant, I, Xo pseudo-Moore of ball-room name," Not ev'n an acting elephant, (Pride of your Stage !) as newly dead As I, o'er whose eternized head This pomp might pass-these death plumes flaunt ? II Why these for a mere Son of Song ? Apotheosis for the son Of her ye have dethroned so long For me who have no claim, not one, To Immortality, but through That wronged divinity ye scorn Thenceforth bid Fame, bid Hope adieu, Ye poets, born and to be born What have my younger brothers done "To forfeit their high birthright Fame? Restore the Muse, or me her son, Leave to partake her shame For bards shall be though Taste be none Yes-stron, oh, Fashion as thou art, To blight the Poet's hope on earth, Withhold his laurels, break his heart, Thou canst not stop his birth Degenerate Age detested Fashion Fatal to Nature, Genius, Truth- Sworn foes to Poetry and Passion, Torpedos to the heart of Youth (With the Muse-passion unrequited, Hope deferred, ambition blighted, Sick ev'n to death) Age worse than Dark," By Fashion's feeble meteors lighted, Adoring each, as heaven's own spark, Thou that mak'st Momus thine Apollo, And tickled with a jest fool-born," With satyr's sneer and bosom hollow, Dar'st laugh the heavenly Muse to scorn! At God's own glorious gift" dar'st laugh, (That which a master of the Lyre" t So called, to God on her behalf Appealing in his noble ire) Loathed Age! to thee be never mind Above a fool and jester's" born, Be thou all-barren as all-blind Cold scorner stand th' eternal scorn Of warmer souls and minds more blest, Elizabethan ages yet To be—perchance in yon far West The sun of Literature, set In this Old world-(this, Shakspeare's, Milton's own, With its eternal Saturnalia frantic,) Mounts in the New Parnassian flowers have blown To glorify its Ocean banks th' Atlantic Already wafts their morning sweetness hither They bloom, they grow, as fast as Britain's wither Though lost to lands which erst did give it birth, The language of the gods below, is not yet lost on earth Sir Robert Peel was one of the pallbearers. + Oh. gracious God. how far have we Poetry Profaned thy glorious gift of Poesy !— DRYDKN. t The growing appreciation in America of the charm of TRUE Po try (well exemplified in the beautiful effusions of Longfellow, Bryant, See. Sic.) is in curious an t disgraceful contrast tu the growing or full-grown taste for BLFF-JONEUY IN PRINT evinced by the poor old doating Mother Country, grinning over Pictorial toys in her second childhood

SUNG OF A STEEPLE CHASE. I (BY A COSTERMONGER ) I If I've got a donkey wot won't go, I musn't wollop hirn-ob, no, no! The lawr of the land says I shan't do so. iy sporting tulips; J wants to know, in pint of fact, Which on us most breaks Martin's Act Agin dumb hanimals bein whack'd, You or I ? If a stubborn hass won't mend his pace, And I gives it im over the ed and face, Wot's that to running a steeple-chase Neck or nuffin ? When you cuts and flays your osses hides, And digs your spurs into their sides, And unto the death the creeturs rides, For a foolish frolick. At Liverpool, the tother day, There was three on 'em killed in that shameful way, And nobody had no fine to pay, Not a farden. One had his thigh broke-two their backs, Now, I beg respectfully to ax If there oughtn't to be a cruelty tax For gentlefolks ? If me, or Jim, or Tom, or Bill, Was to use a han imal half so ill, 'Twould be forty bob, or a month at the mill, And serve us right. So if I've got a donkey wot won't go I don't dare wollop him—oh, no, no But there's one lawr for high and another for low, My sporting tulips. Punch. I

LITERARY NOTICES. Analysis and Theory of the Emotions, with disser- tations on Beauty, Sublimity, and the Ludicrous. By George Ramsay, B.M, Longman and Co.—Mr. Ramsay divides the emotions into two classes—the active, and the passive. Under the one he ranges all those which the mind suffers, but are not the agents in motion"- under the other he classes all these emotions which contain Desire or Fear in some form or other. The different gradations are thoroughly analysed, and to those students of mental philosoph y who desire to search into the mind's minutest ramifications this book will afford valuable reading. The" dissertations" display much philosophical power and research. 7/if c<?!? years ?/ Dean Sinft's Life, with an f1Ppen-1 dix containing ,ererat of his poems hitherto unpublished, ?n? some remarks on ??Ma. By W. R. Wilde, M. R. J. A., F. R. C. S. Author of "Austria and its Institu- tions, &c." Longman and Co.—Mr. Wilde deduces from evidence previously well established, and from new facts that he has collected that Dean Swift did not as is commonly believed, fall a victim either to insanity or to habitual excessive indulgence of any kind. His disease Mr. Wilde clearly proves to have been constitu- tional, and to have gradually grown in power over its victim. The formation of Swift's head and brain clearly shows that there was a natural defect which over study, sedentary habits, and want of pure air fostered. Mr. ilde states That toward the end of 1742, the cerebral disease under which Swift had so long laboured, by producing effusion, &c., destroyed his memory, and ren- dered him at times ungovernable in his anger, as well as produced paralysis, &c., is quite certain but all this was the result of physical disease in one whose constitu- tion was of great nervous irratibility, and who had long survived more than the years of man.' Mr. Wilde's activity and industry have completely succeeded in at least dealing the memory of Swift from those gross and illiberal misrepresentations and calumnies which his biographers have so plenteously heaped upon him, and established the tact that constitutional and long matu- ring physical ailments were the cause of his subsequent mental aberrations. In this he has done the literary world and humanity a great service. He proves further that Swift's cond uct towards Stella" was not so base as has been represented. The fugitive poems of Swift's, not before published, that Mr. Wilde has collected, are not remarkable cither for length or interest, The most attracts e perhaps are the Whig's lamentation." and the one written L pon Nothing." They are mostly of "the Squib class, and are intended to ridicule the peculiarities in persons and things of the time at which t.,lev v.ere written. Their value is thus much lessened and even to understand them at all it is ilecessarv to be well versed in the history of the prominent persons at the close of the eighteen, h century, or to consult Mr. Wilde's copious explanatory notes. For the sake of illustration, y;e extract THE THANKSGIVING. I In sounds of joy your tuneful voices raise, And teach the people whom to thank and praise Thank humble Sarah's providential rein, For peace and plenty, both of coin and grain Th"nks to Vnlpore for your unbov.ght union; Thank Li??'i,)ps for occasional communion Thl1k Banks and bro'hprs for your thriving tra?G Onc? more thank Vnlpo that your debts are pair! Th?nk Marlbnrou?h's zeal that sCGnÙl the prc?t'?d treaty. A nd thrmkEl12.'C'ne the Frenchmen did n'.t beat ye; Thanks to YOl: selves if ye arc tax'd and h?m'd, ?pd b.!r? Tc Deum when the three arc d—d The Squib' or Searchfoot: an unedited little work which Miguel de Cervantes Saavcdra icrote in defence of the ifrst, part of the Quixote. London, John W. Parker. —The translator of this little work is a member of the University of Cambridge, and we can only say that he has executed his task with great taste and extreme accuracy. To literary colloborateurs the pages will prove interesting. Education: its nature, unport and necessity. By John Jenkins. Longman ancMDo.—ME. Jenkins is a prac- tical educator, and therefore may be considered capa- ble of advising others on a subject so important as that of a national scheme of instruction. He has moreover searched deeply into the subject on which he writes. And his book is a complete view not only of his own sentiments but of the condition of Educational systems and institutions throughout Europe. He follows the general plan of authors who write on Education, and shews the necessity of early instruction in forming the minds and maturing the bodies of the embryo genera- tion, and he laments that the modes of applying instruction to the poorer classes in England should be so defective. He vindicates governments against the aspersions of those who deny their abstract right to interfere in the mental growth of the people they rule and he proposes a plan which he thinks would be suitable to the wants and the tastes, and that would not clash with the prejudices of the British people. The leading features of his plan are that the populace themselves should have the option of establishing, and the govern- ment and control of public educational institutions- subject to a right of the ministry to interfere with advice and assistance for improving the working of educational establishments. He would also have the attendance of children to be voluntary on the part of parents, and not compulsory and he objects to the imparting of reli- gious instruction or political knowledge by the master whilst he would not restrict the pupils from receiving spiritual aid from the pastors of their own sects either in the school room or elsewhere at appointed times. Mr. Jenkins does not think voluntary effort will ever supply the national want under which we labour. Legislative assistance is the only agency now untried, and in this agency only has he any hope. The statistics regarding education in Holland, Prussia, France, and the United States, and the information regarding the different modes of instructing the pupils, and the maintaining and governing these institutions are very valuable. We will show Mr. Jenkins's manner by a few extracts. He meets the common objection to Government interference in Education, and effectually shows that neither experience nor calculation, practice nor theory, justify the too frequent assertion that to allow a I government to enforce education, is to grant to it a despotic power THE DANGERS OF A STATE EUUCATIOX. We differ from the views which have been stated, respecting the length to which the admission of Go- vernment interference in Education would necessarily lead. Those views appear to confound to some extent, the well known distinction between the use and abuse of a principle. It may be right for the Government to compel, by moral means, tho educa- tion of the people in those subjects which are neces- sary for the proper performance of the duties of social life, and of whose utility no sane mind can question, such as reading, writing, arithmetic, singing, drawing, geography, and general history and (it may be in a Protestant country) the reading of the Bible", without note or comment; while it would be wrong for that government to compel instruction in debateable subjects, such as political theories, or peculiar religious doctrines. The common sense of mankind is seldom wrong in fixing the proper boundary between the use and abuse of a principle or power, and generally prevents its infraction." In his notions of the details of an educational sys- tem, Mr. Jenkins is very comprehensive. Not only should it tend to develope the intellectual faculties and nurture the moral affections, but it should help to strengthen the physical powers. This is a necessity of Education that the English have much overlooked. The young are allowed to get bone and muscle, and to learn their proper use as chance directs. EDUCATION OF THE PHYSICAL POWERS. "This branch of Education has received great atten- tion in some of the most renowned nations of antiquity. The principal part of Persian education consisted in bodily exercises, and to it may be ascribed that perfec- tion of their form, which ancient writers have described. The Greeks and Romans had their public gymnasia, where all the noble youths went through their physical exercises. The effect of this system on the martial character of these nations is read in the history of their wonderful achievements and brilliant conquests. Doubt- less it had a similarly good effect upon their minds, particularly in imbuing them with courage and activity. A Cyrus, a Leonidas, and a Caesar, may owe, to a great extent, that wonderful intrepidity and mental strength which characterised them, to their early habits of physical training." We think none can doubt that the deformity so com- mon in the offspring of the lower classes of this country is as much owing to lack of physical exercise as to defi- ciency of nutriment. And though we do not desire to make Caesars or even Napiers by the hundred, we do believe it would be a national blessing to stop that ricketty degeneracy now so prominent, especially in the manufacturing districts. We commend Mr. Jenkins's book to our readers attention as being a sensible, practical, and temperate exposure of our criminality as a nation in neglecting what is a great duty toward those who cannot assist themselves.

THE MOTHER AND THE CHILD. Some mothers make it a practice to go themselves to fetch the candle when the children are in bed and then, if wanted, they stay a few minutes, and hear any con- fessions or difficulties, and receive any disclosures of which the little mind may wish to disburthen itself before the hour of sleep. Whether then, or at another time, it is well worth pondering what a few minutes of serious consultation may do in enlightening and rousing or calming the conscience-in rectifying and cherishing the moral life. It may be owing to such moments as these that humiliation is raised into humility, apathy into moral enterprise, pride into tlwe, and scornful blame into Christian pity. Happy is the mother who can use such moments as she otiglit.Iliss Martineau. A PECULIAR PREDICAMENT. I Four leagues from Beccles, in the small town of Bun- gay, lived the Rev. Mr. a clergyman of the Church of England, remarkable for his knowledge of Greek and mathematics. His family consisted of his wife, still young and agreeable in person, mind, and manners, and an oniv daiighter, about fifteen. Having been introduced to the family, I (Chateaubriand) was better received there than anywhere else. We drank after the old Eng- lish fashion, and remained two hours at the table after the departure of the ladies. Mr. ——, who had been in America, took great delight in relating his travels and listening to accounts of mine, as well as in conversing about Newton and Homer. His daughter, who had be- come learned in order to gratify him, was an excellent musician, and sung as well as Madame Pasta does now. She appeared again at tea, and charmed away the infec- tious drowsiness of the old clergyman. Leaning on the end of the piano, I listened to her in silence. When the music was finished, the young lady ques- tioned me about France and about literature she asked me for plans of study was particularly anxious to be- come acquainted with the Italian authors, and begged me to give her some readings and remarks on the Divina Comedia and the Gerusalemme. By degrees I felt the timid charm of an attachment proceeding from the soul I had decked out my Floridans, but I could not have ventured to pick up this lady's glove; I was embarrassed when I attempted to translate a passage in Tasso, while much more at ease with the chaster and more masculine genius of Dante. We were relatively of suitable ages. There is always something melancholy in those attachments which are not formed till middle life if persons do not meet in the prime of life, the recollections of the person beloved are not mixed up with those years when one has lived without knowing her those days which belong to other associations are painful to the memory, and cut off, as it were, from our existence. Is there a disproportion in age? inconveniences are increased the elder has begun life before the younger was born-the younger is des- tined to remain alone in turn one has lived in a solitude on this side the cradle, the other will pass through a so- litude beyond the tomb; the past has been a desert to the former, the future will prove a desert to the latter. It is difficult to love with all the conditions of happiness, youth, beauty, suitable time, and harmony of heart, taste, character, graces, and years. Having had a fall from my horse, I remained for some time at Mr. -'s house. It was winter the dreams of my life began to fade away before reality. Miss be- came more reserved she ceased to bring me flowers; she was not disposed to sing. Had any one told me that I should pass the remainder of my life, unknown, in the bosom of this retired famiiy, I should have died with pleasure nothing is wanting to love but continuance, to be at once Eden before the fall, and Hosanna without end. Grant, that beauty remains, that youth docs not decay, and that the heart never wearies, and you reproduce heaven. Love is so com- pletely the sovereign happiness that it is haunted by the desire of being eternal; it pronounces no oaths but those which are irrevocable. If joys fail, it seeks to eternise its sorrows a fallen angel, love still continues to use the lan- guage which it employed in its incorruptible sojourn its hope is never to cease in its double nature, and double illusions here below, it aims at perpetuation by immortal thoughts and endless generations. With dread I saw the moment approaching when I should be obliged to withdraw. On the evening of the day announced for my departure the dinner was gloomy. To my great astonishment, Mr. withdrew with his daughter at the dessert, and I was left alone with his wife. She became extremely embarrassed I thought she was going to reproach me for an attachment which she had discovered, but of which I had never spoken. She looked at me—cast down her eyes —and blushed; she was extremely attractive in her embarrasment, and there is no sentiment of tenderness which she might not have inspired herself. At length, making a great effort to overcome the feeling which deprived her of speech I- Sir," said she, in English, you have seen my embar- rassment: I do not know whether Charlotte is agreeable to you but it is impossible to deceive a mother and my daughter certainly has become attached to you. Mr. —— and myself have considered the matter you are in all respects agreeable to us; we believe you would make our daughter happy. You have no country you have just lost your relations your property is sold, what then can recal you to France ? Till you inherit our property you shall live with us." Of all the distress I ever experienced, that was the most sensible and the greatest. I threw myself at Mrs. 's knees I covered her liinds with my kisses and tears. She thought those were tears of joy, and she to sob from pleasure. She put out her hand to ring the bell—called for her husband and her daughter. Stop," I cried, "I am married!" She tainted. I went out, and without going to my room again, left the house on foot. I reached Beccles, and after having written a letter to Mrs. of which I regret not ha- ving kept a copy, I posted off to London. — Chateaubri- and's Memoirs, just published. ROBESPIERRE IN HIS CLUB. ) Through the yellow glare (.f the glimmering lamps, through the dull fog, in the rue St. Honore, may be seen a dark dense multitude, all wending to the door of the convent of the Jacobins. It is there that the agents of insurrection every morning come to receive orders come to receive or d (,rs from the Lameths, or the money of the Duke of Orleans from Laclos. Let us enter. The place is badly lighted, but the meeting is numerous and imposing. Voices which resound here, find echoes all over France, and France, from every one of her departments, pours in her news, true or false, and her accusations, just or unjust. This is the centre of the clubs. The dark church is very solemn. There are a vast number of deputies pre- sent, and who were hereafter to be famous and infamous. At the door, to examine the cards of admission, are two censors: Lais, the singer, and a handsome youth, the promising pupil of Madame de Genlis, the son of the Duke of Orleans, who will afterwards teach mathematics in Geneva, in England, in America; will be raised to the throne by barricades; and, by barricades, after 17 years of corrupt rule, once more to exile in England. It is the young Louis Philippe. At the bureau there is a dark-looking man, smiling. It is the agent of the prince, Laclos, the too-notorious author of the Liaisons dangereuses; himself called La Liaison la plus dan- gereuse. In the tribune is another man, with sad and meagre visage, with threadbare olive-green coat (his only coat), with shrill weak voice, but earnest manner there is no mistaking Maximilien Robespierre. The anxious crowd are looking for an honest countenance. Some countenances express only intrigue, some fatnity, some insolence, others corruption but Robespierre's seems to say I am honest. His face, which was always melancholy, wore not at this period the spectral and sinister expression which it assumed subsequently. The fine medal still extant expresses a certain benevolence and rectitude, with, however, a strong tension of the muscles. His speeches are entirely upon morality, and the interests of the people. He professes principles, nothing but principles. He is not entertaining: his person is austere and melancholy his style academic and cold no warm pulse of affection seems to beat in his heart. He is an incarnate syllogism, separating himself from all friends and colleagues: even his former college companions are kept at a distance. Entertaining the man ccrtainly is not, nor is he what one would call attractive, yet he is popular. The partisan of absolute right, the man who constantly spoke of virtue, and whose sad and serious countenance seemed its very image, became the favourite of the people. The more he was disliked by the assembly, where we have seen him laughed at, and coughed down, the more he was relished by the galleries. So he addressed himself more and more to this second assembly, which represented the people and claimed the right of interfering and hissing its delegates. Robespierre was an actor who, failing in genius, and unable to move the pit and boxes, played to the gods and their applause he won. We can easily understand how naturally he would acquire an ascen- dancy at the Jacobins. He was wonderfully assiduous, being ever at his post, and speaking on every subject. This not only kept him constantly before the public, but gave him that practice in debate which his want of genius rendered so necessary to him. Many members became tired, sick of the task, and deserted the club but Robespierre, though he would sometimes tire his auditory, was never tired of hearing himself. Perhaps it was the instinct of his own mediocrity, rather than clear-sightedness, which eaxly led him to see that real power resided in the people, and which made him con- stitute himself their tribune; and I attribute it to his sincere religious convictions, rather than to any political foresight, that he should have relied upon the lower clergy (a powerful body of eighty thousand priests), as well as the Jacobins for his support. He believed that whoever had on his side the Jacobins and the priests would be near possessing every thing. Letces's Life of Robespierre. THE WHIRLPOOL MOSKOESTROM. As the mornin g mist rolled back into the distance, several small islands were perceived far ahead. And now the breeze, which had been long flaging, lulled into a calm; and soon a low continual humming, like that of an army of bees, which seemed to rise out of the stilled ocean, became audible to every car. The mate, who was giving orders for the erection of a jury-mast, paused as he caught the sound, and bent forward his head in an attitude of strained attention. The boatswain stood still, with one hand half upraised, while his rugged features grew darker with dismay. Not a word was spoken; every one held his breath, whilst he listened with an intensity of eagerness that betokened the awe which was fast filling his heart. The sailors looked on one another, and then on the forlorn and helpless state of their ship; and a flash of wildness seemed to run from face to face. "My God!" at length cried the old boatswain, at the same time making two strides towards the spot where stood Mr. Braceyard, it is the Moskoestrom." The charm was broken. The Moskoestrom the Moskoes- trom cried Ellinor and Grace. The Moskoestrom echoed all the'etew. Away, men shouted Braceyard, in a voice like a thunder-clap; down to the hold Bring up the spare sails, clear the deck, set up a spar for a mast—away Away jumped the men in every direc- tion some fetched the sail, some prepared to rig the spar, and the carpenter laboured more strenuously than he had ever laboured before, to prepare a hole in the deck to receive it. The din of preparation drowned the stern hum of the distant whirlpool, and an hour passed away before the apparent confusion on deck once more died into silence. There was an anxious pause when the new sail fell from the yard-arm, and wooed the light breeze to dally with its snowy folds even the experienced sailors suffered themselves to be cheated into the hope that there was wind enough to make the good ship answer to her helm. But, alas! the broad canvass drooped heavily to the deck, and not a breath of air ruffled the dull surface of the sullen waters. They had not another hope both the boats had been washed overboard during the gale. The sailors looked on one another in blank despair. And now they could hear with terrible distinctness the roar of the awful Moskoes- trom. The vessel was now within the influ- ence of the whirlpool, and glided along to her destiny. Some of the sailors lay rolling upon the deck, gasping with despair; some ran raging about in delirious fear, begging and entreating their comrades to assist them in destroying themselves and one, wholly unable to bear this extended death, went raving mad. This unhappy wretch jumped overboard, and was immediately followed by two of his companions, eager to meet the death they had not courage to await. Their example would perhaps have been imitated by others had they not been deterred by witnessing the struggles of these devotees to prolong the life they had seemed so anxious to terminate. They strove wildly to reach again the ship they had forsaken, and called to their comrades in piercing accents of de- spair to throw them a rope or a plank and prayed them, by him into whose presence they were summoned, to render assistance and have pity. They were listened to with horror; but no effort was made to aid them, and one after another they sank. And now there arose at some distance a head of the vessel a horrible and dismal bellowing, or howling, as of some leviathan in his agony and when those on deck who still had ears for exterior sounds looked forward to ascertain its cause, they beheld a huge black monster upon the surface of the sea, strug- gling against the irresistible stream, and with his immense tail lashing the waters into foam as he vainly strove to escape from destruction. They beheld him borne away by the might of his furious eneftiv and they heard his last roar above the noise of the whirlpool as he was sucked down into the never-satisfied abyss, and dis- appeared from their eyes, to be torn into fragments. Such is the fate of everything that seeks the depths of the Moskoestrom.—E. TV. Landor's Exiles of Norway.

HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF TAXATION—One of the most important publications ever issued. On SATUR- DAY, MARCH 31, will this day be presented a Supple- ment to the STAND\RD OF FREEDOM, uniform in size with that journal, comprising thirty-two columns of closely-printed matter, which will at one view demon- strate the necessity of an immediate and thorough Financial Reform. The History and Progress of Tax- ation will be developed in its relation to 1st. The CROWN AND ARISTOCKACY—2dly. THE PEOPLE-3rdly. THE EXECUTIVE—4thly. THE ARMY AND NAvy-5thly. THE DIPLOMATIC STAFF-6thly. THE NATIONAL DEBT -7thly SINECURES, PENSIONS, AND RETIRING SALA- RIES; and--8thly. To LOCAL TAXATION. It is intended thus to exhibit to the nation, in one striking view, the wonderful GROWTH OF TAXATION in Great Britain from its simple and necessary scale to its present exorbitant and ruinous excess.—The STANDARD OF FREEDOM is one of the largest papers allowed by law. Price 5d. or 5s. 3d. per quarter. To prevent disappointment, as the applications are very numerous from all parts of the kingdom, order without delay at the nearest newsvender in town or country. A ROYAL PRESENT.—Mr. Joseph White, the emi- nent ship-builder, of Cowes has received a superb gold snuff-box, covered with brilliants, value 1,000 guineas, as a present from the Emperor of Russia, for services ren- dered to the imperial government, by having furnished the Emperor of Russia with some drawings for ships for the Russian navy. Mr. White is the builder of the finest brig in the Queen's service. "Boz" IN A NEW CHARACTER.—At the Maryle- bone Police-office, a man named Heane, was brought up, having been captured by Mr. Charles Dickens and Mr. Mark Lemon, in the act of picking the pocket of the lat- ter. Mr. Dickens stated that he thought he had seen the prisoner in the House of Correction, upon which, the fellow exclaimed—" Your worship, he must have been in quod himself, or he couldn't have seen me. I know these two gentlemen well—they're no better than swell- mob men, and get their living by buying stolen goods. (Laughter.) That one (pointing to Mr. Dickens) keeps a fence and I recollect him at the prison, where he was put in for six months, while I was there for only two." Both literary gentlemen seemed to enjoy ama- zingly the honour which the prisoner had, with such un- blushing effrontery, conferred upon them but, as may be readily imagined, neither of them confessed to having any connection whatever with that" highly respecta- ble" body, the swell mob, or to obtaining a livelihood by dealing in stolen goods.—The prisoner was sent to goal for three months. THE NAVIGATION LAWS.—An answer has been re- ceived by the English Government from the Court of Stockholm, extremely favourable to the views of the Ministry respecting the repeal of the Navigation Laws. His Swedish Majesty is ready to abolish all the existing restrictions on British vessels on the condition of reci- procity. THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL CHARGED WITH BRIBERY. -At Leives Assizes two cases were tried on Wednes- day and Thursday, both involving charges of bribery to promote the return of Mr. Jervis, son of the Attorney- General, for Horsham. The one action was brought against Mr. Edwin James, the barrister; the other against the Attorney-General; in both the juries re- turned verdicts fur the defendants A CALIVOUNIAN DEATH-BED.—The California Herald abounds with stories of the privations and' wretchedness of many a long-eared Midas of the Sacramento. There is a stern moral in the subjoined :—"Many are dying from want of attendance and the ordinary comforts of life. while their haul earnings lie under their pillow (if pillow they have) in the s hape of from 1 to 101bs. of gold dust tied up in a dirty rag. Two of these cases occurred yesterday, and two more to day." To die from want of attendance and comforts," with gold for a pillow, is to die hard indeed—Punch

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—THURSDAY, MARCH 22. I INDIAN AFFAIRS. I Sir J. C. Hobhouse, in reply to questions from Mr Hume and Lord Jocelyn, with reference to the war in the Punjaub, stated that papers on the subject of affairs in India were in course of preparation, which would contain the information to which the questions put re- ferred in answer to Mr. Hindley, as to the distribution of the Moultan prize-money, Sir J. said that a question had arisen whether the commander-in-chief of the main army was c-ntitled to share in that distribution which question the Governor-General had referred to the home authorities, who would decide according to precedent and with regard to alledged violent excesses having been committed by plundering and otherwise after the taking of Moultan, they were not even hinted at in the de- spatches received, and unless circumstances had occurred which did not appear, the rumours referred to were totally unfounded. He also stated in reply to Lord Jocelyn, that the Board of Control, after much delibera- tion on the subject of railways in India, had given the Court of Directors the scheme of a plan for coming to terms with the railway companies. That plan had been laid before the court on Monday last, and he understood that the directors coincided in the views of the Board of Control, so that on the decision of the railway companies being received he should lay the scheme and the corres- pondence before the House. PRUSSIA AND TURKEY. I Lord D. Stuart moved for copies of any correspondence which had taken place between our Government and the Governments of Russia and Turkey, respecting the oc- cupation of Moldavia and Wallachia by Russian troops. He explained the ground of his motion The provinces of Moldavia and Wallachia, after form- ing an independent country for more than 500 years, had, in 1393, passed by treaty under the government of Turkey but their right of self-government had been expressly retained in that and all subsequent treaties, down to that of the treaty of Adrianople in 1829. Not- withstanding the repeated attempts of Russia, whose religion was the same as their own, to detach them from their allegiance to Turkey, they had remained unaltera- bly firm in their loyalty. They had doubtless felt some- thing 01 tHe electric sriock which convulsed Europe last year and this had stimulated the desire they had long felt for some municipal reforms. The result was the establishment of a new constitution, which was approved of by the Porte and the representative of foreign powers at that court. Russia, however, disapproving of what had been done, intimated to the Porte that she should take steps to suppress the provisional government of Wallachia, if Turkey did not. This was done; Russian troops were sent, and they effected the overthrow of the provisional government. They even usurped all civil as well as military authority, and arrested British sub- jects, regardless of the remonstrances of Mr. Colquhoun, the consul of this country. They had caused their army of 60,000 men to occupy the province for six months at the cost of the unfortunate inhabitants. This conduct had taken place in the face of assurances given to the noble Secretary for Foreign Affairs that the occupation was temporary, and was only for the purpose of restoring order. He contended that it was a cardinal point in the policy of this country to maintain the integrity of the Ot. toman empire that Turkey was our best customer, and that self-interest as well as higher motives should impel us to check the aggressions of Russia. The motion was seconded by Col. Thompson, and Viscount Palmerston replied, refusing to give the papers asked for, as they were connected with discussions still pending, and formed part of an unfinished corres- pondence. At the same time he assured the House that the Government regarded the question as one of great na- tional and great European importance and he emphati- cally declared himself an advocate for Turkish independ- ence -Politically it hardly can be necessary to enter into any argument to show that if those vast regions—for vast they are-which are now under the rule of the Sultan, were to be partitioned among the other powers of Eu- rope, in the first place such a partition could not be effected without a great European conflict; and, in the second place, when effected, it would, in all probability, derange materially, and to the detrimeat of those per- sons who did not share in the spoil, the existing balance of power in Europe; and as England could not, under any circumstances, either wish or expect to share in the spoils of any such partition, it is evident that she, at least, must be interested in maintaining the integrity of the Turkish empire. (Cheers.) There is no great country with which we have any commercial transac- tions, whose tariff is so low, and therefore so liberal to us, as that of Turkey. Our trade with Turkey is an annually increasing trade. So far from its having reached its maximum, I trust that, if things pursue their present course, and if the improvements which are now being steadily made in the internal administration of Turkey continue to advance, with increased security to individuals and increasing protection to the occupations of industry and the employment of capital, we shall find our commercial intercourse with that country extending step by step, and not only our own commercial inter- course, but that of all the great commercial countries of Europe; and those regions which in former times were the centre of civilisation will again approach their former con- dition. With reference to the transactions immediately under their notice, the noble lord said that he felt confident that the Russian Government had no intention of mak- ing any permanent encroachment on the Turkish empire that the period when the evacuation of Moldavia and Wallachia shall take place is now under discussion at Constantinople; and he trusted that the question would be satisfactorily settled. In conclusion he gave an as- surance that there was no solid ground for the appre- hension which was entertained of a rupture between Russia and Turkey. Mr. Anstey said he had the highest authority for stating that the Porte was cognisant of the most active measures on the part of Russia to excite the initiation of hostile proceedings on the part of Turkey, sufficient to afford a pretext for aggression on the part of Russia. Mr. Milne advised the withdrawal of the motion. Mr. Urquhart supported it. Mr. Hume said Lord Dudley Stuart might rest satisfied with the declaration of Lord Palmerston, that the occupation of Wallachia and Moldavia was only temporary. Mr. Disraeli delivered a panegyric on the Emperor of Russia, which was received with continued peals of laughter. He said:- For his own part he was of opinion that the policy of Russia, so far from being liable to the censure pro- nounced upon it, had been most magnanimous. (A laugh.) He had watched the emperor during the last twelve montbs-(a laugh)—and he was surprised at his forbearance—(a laugh)—and at the desire which he had evinced to maintain peace. What the ulterior objects of Russia were, had been very freely stated in that House He did not pretend to the powers of divination which were arrogated by hon. members, but he could only say that Russia during the last twelve months had, under the present temptation, exhibited a degree of modera- tion which, when contrasted with the conduct of the French republic fifty years ago, reflected the greatest credit upon the Emperor. (A loud laugh.) The House and the English people looked upon the Czar as a man of consummate abilities and of great power amongst the sovereigns of Europe. And that he exercised his power with a due regard to—(a latigh)-a due regard to his responsibilities. (A laugh, and Oh !") The Emperor Nicholas claimed justly to rank amongst those sovereigns who had proved to be the benefactors of their own subjects, and of the human race in general. (A laugh.) Sir H. Verney pressed Lord D. Stuart not to go to a division. Mr. A. Smith treated the Emperor of Russia as the unscrupulous and determined opponent of political li- berty throughout the world. The occupation of Moldavia and Wallachia was indefensible; but he thought that the matter might for the present be safely left in the hands of Lord Palmerston. Mr. J. O'Connell followed, with his version of the character of the monster" who was Mr. Disraeli's client, and who had proved himself to be the scourge of women and children," and" the destroyer of men." After a few observations, in reply, by Lord D. Stuart, the motion was withdrawn. THE MUTINY AT ARCOT. I Mr. Anstey moved for copies of the proceedings in the court of inquiry and the court-martial held at Arcot in the year 1844, in the case of the alleged mutineers of the 6th Regiment of Madras Light Candry; of all me- morials and correspondence relative thereto, or to the punishments or commutations of the punishments of any such mutineers, and also, of the Madras Pay Regula- tions, and the Native Mutiny Act. He brought forward the case as one of oppression on the part of the Marquis of Tweeddale under whose government the events had occiii rcd. The mutiny was the result of an illegal order issued by the governor. After it was quelled, the mur tineers returned to their duty, and, after being left to perform their duty for nine months, they were arraigned and tried, and thirteen sentenced to be shot. Of these, two were shot, and the rest transported. Of those tran- sported, the punishment of all except two had since been remitted. The two were still in exile, their banishment for life having been commuted into banishment for seven years; and the immediate object of his motion was to obtain the freedom of these two men. Sir J. C. Hobhouse resisted an inquiry, which had no precedent, into a transaction which had taken place so long along ago (1844.) He defended the Marquis of Tweeddale, and said the present case was trumped up to gratify the malice of a person who had formerly held high office in the presidency, and who had had many differences with the Governor, which ultimately led to his deprivation of office and his departure from India. Sir R. Peel and the Attorney-General also resisted the motion, and The House divided, when the numbers were- For the motion 14 Against it. 54 Majority against the motion 40 The House then adjourned at seven o'clock. FRIDAY, MARCH 23. I NAVIGATION LAWS. I Mr. Labouchere moved that the House should go into committee oil the Navigation Bill, and stated that it was his intention to withdraw the clause partially opening the coasting trade to foreign ships. On further consul- tation with Sir T. Fremantle, the Chief Commissioner of Customs, lie found that it would be impossible to frame regulations which would effectually protect the revenue from frauds. He would therefore restore the bill to what it was when proposed last year. Mr. Gladstone then announced that he would not pro- pose his plan for carrying out reciprocity" by condi- tional legislation, as he found that it would embarrass the Government, and put the repeal of the navigation- laws in danger. He also understood that the shipping interest would not support him, but would try their strength on the main question. Mr. Herries considered it most extraordinary, after the long time the Government had taken in preparing this bill, that a Minister should come down and announce a most material alteration. It was also very awkward that the communication should be at a moment when the American Government in their reply to our Govern- merrt, had reserved the coasting trade. He would take the sense of the House either on the report or the third reading. The House then went into committee, and on the first clause, Mr. Bouverie moved a proviso to the effect that the restrictions as to the voyages in which foreign ships may engage to British ports or possessions, should remain in foe until it should be declared by her Ma- jesty in Council that British ships were not subjected to restrictions in the countries to which such foreign ships belonged. The proviso was opposed by Mr. Wilson, by Mr. Gladstone, Mr. M. Gibson, Mr. Labouchere, and Mr. R. Palmer. Mr. Alderman Thompson and Mr. Wawn supported the proviso. Mr. Herries thought it useless, but did not oppose it. The committee divided, and the numbers were- For the proviso. 15 Against it 132 Majority against the proviso 117 The clauses up to 14 were agreed to, with the excep- tion of those relating to the coasting trade, which were withdrawn by the Government. Mr. Gladstone moved the omission of the 14th clause, and the substitution of a clause which would take from the colonial Legislatures the power of opening the inter- colonial navigation to foreign ships, and giving power to the Queen in Council to make regulations for that purpose, on receiving an address from the colonies in- terested. The committee divided, and the numbers were— For the iimendment. 140 Against it 1-58 Maioritv in favour of Government 18 Clause 15 was agreed to, and on clause 16, Mr. Alexander Hastie moved an amendment, abolish- ing the obligation which required that a ship entitled to Dritish register should be manned with three-fourths of British born subjects. The committee divided, and the numbers were— For the amendment. 53 Against it 197 Majority for the Government 144 Clauses 16, 17, and 18, were agreed to without a di- vision. The House then resumed, and the Chairman reported progress. The other orders of the day were disposed of, and the House adjotrned at one o'clock.

IRELAND The Hon. Thomas Crown, brother to the earl of Ken- mare, has been appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Kerry militia, in place of the late Knight of Kerry. Mr. Twistleton, the head of the Poor-law department in Ireland, has resigned, in consequence, it is stated, of his differing with the Government on the rate-in-aid question. Mr. Power, the assistant-commissioner is the probable successor to the vacant post. THE LORD-LIEUTENANT OF IRELAND.—Lord Cla- rendon reached London on Wednesday night, and on Thursday had a prolonged interview with Lord John Russell. On Friday, at two o'clock, a chapter of the illustrious order of the Garter was held at Buckingham Palace, when his excellency, together with Earl Spencer, were elected Knights with the usual formalities. His Royal Highness Prince Albert and the Duke of Wel- lington attended the Chapter. IRISH POPLIN.-We learn with much pleasure that the Queen has sent a large order, through her Excellency the Countess of Clarendon, for our justly admired and peculiarly national manufacture, Irish poplin. It must be gratifying to the people of Ireland to see the interest taken by Her Majesty to promote trade in this part of her dominions, and to encourage by her Royal example the use of this exclusively Irish fabric, in order to create a demand, and thereby cause an activity in this branch of manufacture, which, we regret to learn, has been for some time much depressed.—Dublin paper. SINGULAR EXHIBITION.—On Monday last the market- day of this town, the Rev. Edward Murray, who some time ago was suspended and deprived of his parish by the Right Rev. Dr. Feeny, appeared in the streets bare- footed, and with a crown of thorns on his head. He addressed the people in the Irish language, and, as we have been informed, inveighed most bitterly against the conduct of the bishop.- lyi-awly Herald. DREADFUL MultI)rlt.-On Saturday night last the house of a man named Robert Arnold, a tenant on the estate of Mr. Ormsby Gore, residing on the lands of Leganormmer, in the parish of Cloone and county of Leitrim, was attacked by an armed party, who fired several shots through the windows, whilst Arnold, his wife, child, and uncle, Robert Todd, were eating their supper; one of the shots took fatal effect upon the uncle, who instantly expired. It may be recollected about twelve months since Mr. Lauder, the agent of Mr. Gore, was compelled to eject several defaulting tenants from this property, and to substitute in their places a more respectable class of persons. Arnold was among the latter. FATAL DISPUTE.-On Wednesday evening week, as two young gentlemen-Mr. Hayden, of Carrick, and Mr. Prennan-were travelling to the former place, a dispute arose on the road, which led to blows, when, melancholy to relate, in a fit of momentary excitement Hayden drew forth a poignard, and plunged it into the heart of his companion, who expired on the spot. DECLINATION OF THE VALUE OF LAND.-The attempt to effect sales of some lots of Crown lands, at the Quit Rent Office in Dublin, on Thursday week, was a remark- able proof of the unwillingness of capitalists to make such investments in the present condition of the country. Some of those lots were in comparatively well-circum- stanced districts, and one of them, a few acres in the county of Wicklow, not far distant from the metropolis. Yet nothing like the fair value was offered, and all the lots had to be bought in by the Government officer. Heretofore the great difficulty was to obtain the oppor- tunity of purchasing small lots but now a market does not exist for them. On Tuesday week a small freehold estate, consisting of one hundred acres of arable land, with thirty-five acres of reclaimable bottom, was sold by auction in the town of Ballina, county Mayo. The lands are held on lease for ever, charged with a nominal reser- ved rent of 25s. annually. Dr. Atkinson, of Bellina became the purchaser for the sum of £900. Two years since, during the first year of the famine, the same pro- perty would have brought E2,000. PARTY PROCESSIONS IN ULSTER.—DESPERATE AND FATAL CONFLICT.—The peaceful manner in which St Patrick's Day has generaly passed over this year through- out Ireland has unfortunately presented one exception at Crossgar, near Downpatrick, where a serious and fatal collision took place between the threshers, and the Orangemen. According to the Downpatric Re- corder, about 3,000 of the processionists assembled at Crossgar, the place of rendezvous previously agreed upon. On their attempting to go up a street called Killyleagh-street, the opposite party mustered strong, and declared that up that street they should not go." A party of police were drawn up, at the entrance of the street, in order to prevent a collision, but unhappily all the efforts of the magistrates had not the desired effect. Stones were thrown with great violence on both sides until at length fire-arms were discharged. Mr. Anketell, one of the magistrates in attendance, read the Riot Act, after which one of the party in the procession advanced, and drove the muzzle of a gun against his breast, giving him a severe thrust. The struggle was now between the Ribbonmen and the police; firing on both sides; and the result was that a policeman named Burke was shot through the neck, and instantly expired. A woman named Ann Woods, from Belfast, who had a stall in the street, also received a gun-shot wound, and died shortly after. A man named Smyth, who was merely looking on at the time, and took no part in the procession, has been mortally wounded, and is in a dying state. Several of the police and country people are more or less injured from the effects of slugs. A countryman has been con- veyed to the infirmary badly wounded. Several of the doors and windows of the village are perforated with balls and slugs; and the walls of the bridge, on which a party of the police, with one of the magistrates, was standing, bear marks of gun-bullets. The polioe num- bered sixty men. -.————— ———— ————

MRS. GLASS ON EunopE.-Europe, at the present moment, ought to be in a sounder state than ever, if you only consider its number of new Constitutions. Austria has got a new Constitution, Prussia has got a new one, and France, who all last year was very weak, though its general system lately has been a little stronger, has also had a new Constitution. These Constitutions may last with good advice to support them, but it is strongly feared that quacks will do their best to disturb and upset them We recommend Prussia to be very particular with its Diet, and France not to leave its chamber till it is strong enough, and would impress upon Austria and all three of them to remain as quiet as they possibly can. Constitutions, like certain jellies, require being left to themselves for some time before they will settle down turn them out before they are perfectly firm, and they will not stand a day.—Punch.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. I FRANCE. Paris has been somewhat agitated by the convulsive efforts of the clubs to resist the impending law for their suppression. Their abettors in the Assembly took a false step on Wednesday, by seceding in a body from the Chamber, to avoid the necessity of balloting on that law They adjourned to another Chamber, and some violent speeches were made, but at last they thought better of the matter and returned to their posts. Eventually the National Assembly resolved by a majority of 378 to 3-59 that the Clubs should be put down. ITALY. The final resolve of Charles Albert to make the plunge into a renewed war with Austria is the great event of importance in Italian affairs. The King's manifesto, of course, puts his case on a high ground of nationality in it he is once more the sword" of Italy, and so forth but other accounts represent him as rushing into war only to avoid the alternative of deposition. If the latter view be true, there is the less reason to condemn him for renewing hostilities. Radetzki has issued one of his usual martial addresses to his army, and ere long some decisive news may be expected. From the rest of Italy we have no intelligence at once authentic and important. The Sicilians are said to have rejected the ultimatum of the King of Nanles. 1_ GERMANY. From Germany, the news is favourable. The motion to offer the Imperial Crown to Prussia, has received the support of Gagern, but by the latest news we learn that the proposition was negatived by a large majority. Itis expected that the threatened hostilities in Schleswig- Holstein will be arrested, by a further suspension of the armistice. I RUSSIA. I The whole of the Russian army has been placed on the footing of war by an imperial ukase of the 4th inst. An army of observation is forming close to the Prussian frontier at Kowno, while the body of the enormous Rus- sian forces is being concentrated at Sandomir, on the frontiers of Galicia. JUSTICE OF THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA.—Smoking in the streets is strictly prohibited. The Emperor, while walking one day, met a Frenchman smoking a cigar. He approached, and asked him if he was not aware that it was contrary to the law to smoke in the street. The Gaul, not knowing by whom he was addressed, replied that he had been in the habit of smoking in the streets of Paris, and did not know why he should not do so in the streets of any other city. The Emperor, who de- tests a Frenchman left him, and proceeding to the boutka or station of a policeman near at hand, gave directions to the boutoushnik as to the disposition of the smoker. The latter was immediately placed by force in a kibitka, which is a small waggon without springs of any kind, and bounced over a thousand miles of bad road to the Turkish frontier, where he was dismissed with permission to follow the Parisian fashions.-The Czar, his Court and People. HOLLAND. I The death of King William II. was formally announced at the Hague on the 17th. The Second Chamber of the States-General was immediately called together, and the decease of his late Majesty having been notified to the members by the Ministry, the Prince of Orange was proclaimed King. During the afternoon of Saturday the troops comprising the garrison of the Hague were mustered on the parade ground, and took the usual oath of allegiance to King William III. The city remained profoundly tranquil, nor was any apprehension enter- tained that popular disturbances would break out. CANADA. I Accounts received this week from Lower Canada re- present that province to be in an extremely excited state in consequence of the Attorney-General, the Hon. Mr. Lafontaine, having, in the provincial parliament, moved a resolution to establish the amount of losses incurred by certain inhabitants of Lower Canada during the poli- tical troubles of 1837 and 1838, and of providing for the payment thereof." A similar measure for Upper Canada was passed some years ago but it is alleged that, the French party being in the ascendant, it is intended to make compensation to parties who were actually in re- bellion when the alleged losses were sustained. Most probably the ferment which evidently exists has its ori- gin, mainly, in party feeling, which runs so high that annexation" to the American republic has been talked of. The Attorney-General's resolution, after many days' debate, had been affirmed by 59 to 20. BRAZIL. I Accounts from Pernambuco to the 8th ult. report that a during attack was made on the city, on the 2nd ult., by a large body of insurgents from the country, who were aided by their friends in the city. They were, how- ever, completely routed by the government troops with great slaughter. About 100 of the crew of the steam- frigate Offonso (the vessel which rendered such prompt assistance to the Ocean Monarch when on fire near this port), were engaged in this affair, fifty of whom are said to have been killed. Later accounts state that another battle was fought on the 16th, between the imperial troops and the insurgents at Goianna (about midway be- tween Pernambuco and Paraiba), the former having been victorious. On the 21st of February the rebels, num- bering, it was supposed, about 4000 men, had advanced as far as the village of Grazia, distant nine leagues from the town of Paraiba, and intended again giving battle to the imperial troops. 0 NEW ZEALAND. I There have been some dreadful earthquakes in these I islands which have done much damage to property, but I not occasioned much loss of life. UNITED STATES. I THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.—By the Europa, which arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday morning, copies have been received of President Taylor's inaugural message, which was delivered on the 5th inst., but which we omit- ted to give last week in consequence of a pressure of assize news. The address, according to custom, was spoken at Washington in the porch of the capitol, upon a stage erected for the purpose. There the president elect, surrounded by the cabinet, the principal officers of state, the foreign ministers, and thousands of the people, takes the constitutional oath faithfully to execute the office, and to the best of his ability to preserve, protect, and defend the constitution of the United States. After he has finished his address, he returns in procession to the White House," and makes it his home. In this, his first address to the nation of whom he is now the head, President Taylor observes:— Chosen by the body of the people, under the assurance that my administration would be devoted to the welfare of the whole country, and not to the support of any par- ticular section, or merely local interest, I this day renew the declaration I have hitherto made, and proclaim my fixed determination to maintain, to the extent of my ability, the Government in its original purity; and to adopt, as the basis of my public policy, those great re- publican doctrines which constitute the strength of our national existence. In reference to the army and navy, lately employed with so much distinction on active ser- vice, care shall be taken to ensure the highest condition of efficiency; and, in furtherance of that object, the military and naval schools, sustained by the liberality of Congress, shall receive the especial attention of the exe- cutive. As American freemen, we cannot but sympa- thize in all efforts to extend the blessings of civil and political liberty but at the same time we are warned by the admonitions of history, and the voice of our own beloved Washington, to abstain from entangling alli- ances with foreign nations. In all disputes between conflicting Governments, it is our interest not less than our duty to remain strictly neutral; while our geogra- phicalposition, the genius of our institutions and our people, the advancing spirit of civilization, and, above all, the dictates of religion, direct us to the cultivation of peaceful and friendly relations with all other Powers. It is to he hoped that no interventional question can now arise which a Government confident in its own strength, and resolved to protect its own just rights, may not have settled by wise negociation and it eminently becomes a Government like our own founded on the morality and intelligence of its citizens, and upheld by their affections, to exhaust every resort of honourable diplomacy before appealing to arms. In the conduct of our foreign rela- tions I shall conform to these views, as I believe them essential to the best interests and the true honour of the country. The appointing power vested in the President imposes delicate and onerous duties. So far as it is pos- sible to be informed, I shall make honesty, capacity, and fidelity indispensable pre-requisites to the bestowal of office, and the absence of either of these qualities shall he deemed sufficient cause for removal. It shall be my duty to recommend such constitutional measures to Con- gress as may be necessary and proper to secure encour- agement and protection to the great interests of agri- culture, commerce, and manufactures to improve our r ivers and harbours; to provide for the speedy extin- guiMimeiu 01 tne public aeoi; 10 tnunre a omui. ac- countability on part of all the officers of the Government and the utmost economy in all public expenditure. But it is for the wisdom of Congress itself, in which all legis- lative powers are vested by the Constitution, to regulate these and other matters of domestic policy. I shall look with confidence to the enlightened patriotism of that body to adopt such measures of conciliation as may harmonise conflicting interests, and tend to perpetuate that union which should be the pa-ramount object of our hopes and affections. The address concludes by a congratulation upon the high state of prosperity to which the goodness of Divine Providence had conducted their common country. THE NEW CABINET.—The following is an authentic statement of the composition of the new President's Cabinet :-John M. Clayton, of Delaware, Secretary of State William M. Meredith, of Pennsylvania, Secre- tary of the Treasury; Thomas H. Ewing, of Ohio, Se- cretary of the Home Department; William B. Preston- of Virginia, Secretary of the Navy Jacob Collamer, of Vermont, Postmaster-General; George W. Crawford, of Georgia, Secretary of War Reverdy Johnson, of Mary- land, Attorney-General. The political news brought by the Europa is unim- portant. The most interesting feature from California is an offi- cial announcement prohibiting strangers from taking possession of the toil, which is the properly of the Uni- ted States.

How TO PLEAD.—The New York Spirit of the Times describes one Hiram Higgins, a rude Tennessee settler, being charged with assault and battery on the person of one David Hughes. 11 Why, Judge," said Higgins, when asked if he pleaded guilty, or not guilty ? Why, Judge, you've knowed me long enough, I reckon, to know that I never done nothin' to be guilty of, never was guilty and never will be guilty in my nat'ral born life. 1 don't know what you mean bv sault and hairy nuther but ef you means to ax ef I licked Dave Hughes, and licked him good too, I ses, at wunst, and without anu- ther word, I did and I'll do it again." HOLLOWAY'S PILLS A SURE REMEDY FOR COUGHS, COLDS, AND OPPRESSIONS OP THE CHEST.—These com- plaints being accompanied more or less by fever, the most prompt measures should be adopted to reduce the febrile action of the system, and allay the irritation of the affected parts, for which purposes nothing can equal Hollowav's Pills. Let the sufferer have immediate re- course to a few doses of this inestimable medicine, which will speedily remove all weight or pain in the head or chest, when the most troublesome cough or cold will immediately yield to the influence of this wonderful medicine. For asthma and all affections of the lungs it is equally efficacious. ADULTERATION OF COFFEE.—The C'luru-cllor of the Exchequer stated in the House of Couiiiiuns one evening last week that he would not at present take any step to prevent the adulteration of coffee with chicory, a practice which he said greatly improved the coffee. lIe had been informed by one of the most respectable housel at the west end of London, that some of their customer who had been used to receive their coffee adulterate with 20 per cent. of chicory inied upon being supplie with the coffee berry, in order that by roasting at grinding it at home they might obtain the pure beverag but that experience had satisfied them that the pure cof was not half so palatable as that which was adulterat EDUCATION OF MILITARY OFFICERS.—It has be. announced by the Secretary-at- War that be had dete mined to institute examinations to test the capabilties t officers of the army at three stages of their career. Thi first, before the officer obtains his commission the second, to be entirely of a professional character, on promotion from the rank of ensign to that of lieutenant; the third and last, of a more enlarged character as to the skill and knowledge of the officer, and his thorough acquaintance with all the duties entailed upon him by his profession and the regulation of the army, is to take place before promotion to a company. An official memorandum has- been issued from the Horse Guards containing the de- tails of the Educational scheme. A LITTLE BEAR'S GREASE.-It is rumoured that the Emperor of Russia has conferred on Mr. Anstey the title. of Count Out.-Punch.

LONDON MARKETS, MONDAY, MARCH 5. MARK LANE.—There are, as yet, no symptoms of' any decrease in the supplies from abroad and though foreign is going into consumption freely, the stocks in granary rather increase than diminish. Under thege circumstances, and with the probability of continued large arrivals, the first spring shipments from the Baltic having yet to come to hand, the prospect of any improve- ment in the value of agricultural produce in our mar-- kets is certainly slight. As the season advances, the appearance of the crops on the ground will, of course, have its accustomed influence; but, if all should go on well, and the receipt of bread-stuffs from abroad, should prove on as liberal a scale as they have hitherto done, the downward movement in prices is likely to continue for some time longer. The Wheat tiade has, however, during the week, assumed a somewhat firmer tone at several of the leading provincial markets and it is pre- dicted by the sanguine that the lowest point has been' passed. To this opinion we cannot subscribe, as the reasons given above for a contrary belief appear to us to be founded on just and reasonable data. The inquiry for Flour has not been by any means active since Mpn* day, the concession then made by the millers haVing failed to induce the bakers to purchase more fteety The arrivals of Barley of home growth have been smalT really fine malting qualities have, in consequence ot their comparative scarcity, been held pretty nn?V ? previous prices, but secondary and inferior dcscriPtiO"S barely sold so well at the close as in the commencetueO of the week. The operations in Malt have been of v? little interest, and the value of the article has remain nominally unvaried. The receipts of Oats coast?.t have been quite moderate, only 1,490 qrs. English al'31" 150 qrs. Scotch having been reported up to this (Satll day) evening. Meanwhile we are without supplies  Ireland but the impression that a considrable quant)'? of foreign is close at hand, together with the arrival ?f 36,886 qrs. during the week from the near continent ports, have kept up the trade very quiet. LONDON AVERAGES. £ s. d. JE.? Wheat.. 1378qrs. 2 4 82 ? RBeyae n.s 8 qrs. 1 7 Barley.. 1135 1 8 2 Beans 409 1 6 Oats 4846 0 18 2 Peas 331 10 AVERAGE PRICE OF SIX WEEKS. Week ending March 17.—Imperial—General 'Veek Average.—Wheat, 45s. 4d.; Barley, 29s. 2d.; Oats, 179 Od.; Rye, 23s. 9d.; Beans, 30s. lid.; Peas, 30s. gd. DUTIES 1 0 1 0 1 0 QUANTITY OF FOREIGN GRAIN ENTERED FREE PO: HOME CONSUMPTION DURING THE WEEK ENDH MARCH 21. 1 Wheat, Foreign qrs 18288 Beans.qrs. 1?' Barley 12 7018341 1 BPeas. S61 Oats 7081 Flour. brls. 12 -d PROVISIONS.—The arrivals last week from ir were 150 firkins Butter, and 390 bales Bacon and foreign ports, 7,490 casks Butter. In the Irish Batte market there was a seasonable amount of business trail; sacted during the past week the cold harsh weatief helps the demand: prices continue about the same the best foreign further declined 10s. per cwt. In the Baco j* market there was rather more inquiry for choice frel" meat, and for such Is. per cwt. advance was obtained: the quantity offering for sale being very limited. Hop.-Our market wears a somewhat heavy appear, ance, the finest descriptions only being inquired rot: Prices, however, contiuue firm at the annexed cur rency :—Sussex pockets, 44s. to 58s.; Weald of KentS, 52s. to 68s.; Mid and East Kents, 63s. to 102s. TALLOW.—Since our last report this market has cc tinued in a very inactive state, and prices have recede quite 3d. per cwt. The deliveries have been only 1,30 casks the imports 51 casks. This morning P. Y. Cj on the spot, is quoted at 40s. to 40s. 3d. For f°rvV?J delivery, next to nothing doing. Town Tallow 41s. 6. per cwt, nett cash, for prime melted. Rough:F.a, 2s. 34d. per 8lbs. J BUTTER.-Our supply of new Butter is much on tb increase, and as foreign had receded more than 20s. per cwt. in the last fortnight, we have much difficulty now in giving quotations for price. The continued cold weatb. assists us in the sale of old Butter, but miserably l rates are accepted. Dorset fine new milk, 106s. to per cwt.; ditto middling, 84s. to 90s.; ditto old, 50s. t0 70s.; fresh Buckinghamshire, 9s. to 13s. per dozen do- West Country, 8s to lis. BREAD.—The prices of wheaten Bread in the metro, polis are from 7d. to 71d. of household ditto, 5d. to 6.1d. per 4lbs. loaf. SEED.—The demand for most kind of seeds was lan- guid, and so unimportant were the operations that ollt quotations must, to a certain extent, be regarded as 110- 1 minal. Per 81bs. to sink the offal.-Coarse and inferior beasts 3s. 2d. to 3s. 4d., second quality do. 3s. 6d. to 3s. 8d" prime large oxen 3s. lOd. to 4s. 0(1., prime Scots, &c.( 4s. 2d. to 4s. 4d., coarse and inferior sheep, 3s. 8d. to 3s. 10d., second quality do. 4s. Od. to 4s. 4d. prime coarse woolled sheep 4s. 6d. to 55. ad" prime South DownS 5s. 2d. to 5s. 4d., large coarse calves, 4s. Od. to 4s. 6d., prime small ditto 4s. 8d. to 5s. Od., large hogs 4s. ad. t' 3-. 6d., neat small porkers 4s. 8d. to 5s. Od., suckliI calves 18s. to 27s., and quarter-old-store pigs 17s. 21s. each. Total supplies: Beasts 2,417, sheep 17,380 calves 69, pigs 290. Foreign: Beasts, 270, sheep 74C calves 56.

WEEKLY CALENDAR: THE MOON'S CHANGES.—First Quarter on Saturday 31st of March, at 58m. past 6 morn. HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES j FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. Carmar- i Cardian Tenby Aberyst' DAYS. then Bar. | an g and W'th' Llanelly. 1 Bristol. Milford. ?' MARCH. H. M. H. M. H. M. H Saturday.31 10 56 11 41 10 26 0 1 Sunday April lj 11 59 0 44 11 29 1  Monday, 0 38 2 8 0 53 2 88 Tuesday 2 7 3 3.5 2 20 4 5 Tuesday 4 3, 3 32 4 52 3 37 5 Thurs 5; 4 36 5 21 4 615 Friday 6 5 26 6 11 4 56 6 7

LONDON GAZETTE. i BANKRUPTS.—( Friday, March 23.)-A. Brown, Mount* street, Whitechapel, draper.—C. Barnett, Basingliall- street, stationer.—G. Corrie, Bowling-street, Westmin- ster, smith -F. G. Facon, Church-street, Borough, plumber.—T. Floyd, Wendover, cattle dealer.-A. Halliday and E. Paton, Corn brook, Manchester, manU- t facturing chemists.-J. Keys, Moreton in??Earsh, Giou- f cestershire, boot and shoemaker.—F. King, N?rth&Her'- t ton, Yorkshire, innkeeper.—W. Lloyd, Madely and; y Wryne Hill, Staffordshire, lineib draper.—J. Maycockt Longsight, Lancashire, public-an.-A. Mose, Cambridge" grocer.—T. Pearson, Blandft>rd-sfcreet, Portinan-square,, butterm-,tn.-W. Rainsden, Wakefield, painter.—V. Rv mell, Hammersmith, timber merchant.—G. Rackham, Southtown, Suffolk, wine merchant.—J. Peachey, Col- chester, coachmaker.—G. Smith, Wimpole, Cambridge- shire, carpenter.—W. Thomas-, Aherdare, Glamorgan- shire, grocer.—T. P. Taylor, Duke-street, Manchester- square, millijiey.-T. Te-bbit, Soham, Cambridgeshire victualler.-NI. Whittakeii, Cli-tiwroe,, Lancashire, inU- i keeper.—S Wise, ConduiSstreefc South, Paddington., plumber. BANKRUPTS.—(Tuesday, Match 27. J—R. John Gos' • victualler, Sidney-street, Stermey. J. E. Curtis, printer^ Newport Pagnel.—J. Reid, draper, F-dgeware-roaLl.-T. Nunn, coal-merchant, Colchester.—H. Williams, iron- monger, Park-place, Kenn i ng ton-lane. -J, Itedington, t miller, Moreton, Essex.-T. Manders, YictuaHer, High row, Knigbts-bridge,-H. Dunk, timber-merchant, Cha- tham.—A B. Callander, conufactor, l\lincinO'-lane.- J. Baskerville, linen-draper, Ludlow, Shropshire.— B- Bannister, harness-maker, Abbott s, Bromley, Stafford- —R. Roberts, grocer, Taxteth-park, Lancashire.—J- Forrester,mercer, Whitehaven,Cumberland.—J. Cooped haberdasher, Neweastle,under-Lyine.-i Sim, Cocker- mouth, J. Sim and D. Sim, Braithwaite, Cumberland, woollen manufacturers: