The Welshman

4 I think it was the town of Abbeville which immortalised itself by a woman-hunt, on one of the "glorious days" here commemorated; when a very young princess, covered with -I.h, and bruised with missiles, narrowly escaped with life, wom the biped bloodhounds 4n full cry. Perhaps those gallant reformers, adopting Turkish opinions, conceived that the Rights of IIAN do not include soul-less WOMAN

ROBERT EMMETT'S INSURRECTION IN 1803. ] "Amongst those who sHl cherished the principles of the United Irishmen, and indulged in dreams of a sepa- ration from Great Britain, and an Irish republic, was Robert. Emmett, youngest son of Dr. Emmett, who had long held the situation of State Physician to the Lord Lieutenant, and brother to Thomas Addis Emmett, whom we have seen quitting a respectable situation at the Irish bar to pursue the wild projects of 1798. From -him, no doubt, Robert had imbibed those sentiments which, at the time of the disturbances, caused his expulsion, and that of eighteen other young rebels, from the University of Dublin, and rendered him an object of the vigilance of the government. He had, in consequence, found it convenient to leave Ireland and to reside abroad while the Habeas Corpus Act was suspended, but had returned when it again came into 'operation. This young man, who was scarcely twentv- one when his life became forfeited to justice, possessed promising talents, which, properly directed, might have raised him to fame, whilst his deportment and conver- sation at all times manifested a high degree of political enthusiasm. J-fce death of his father having placed E2,000 in ready money at his disposal, he, with this fund, set about the subversion of an old-established go- vernment, and was the manufacturer of all the means for accomplishing it-pikes, ammunition, not excepting gunpowder. His principal assistants in this insane project were Dowdall, who had formerly held a very subordinate office under the House of Commons; Red- mond, a man in narrow circumstances, who pretended to be engaged in some species of commerce Allen, a broken woollen manufacturer Quigiey. a bricklayer, of considerable address. To these lie added Russell, a religious as i-ell as politicil enthusiast, son of an officer of reputation in her Majesty's service, and who himself, placed early in the army, had served throughout the war in orth America. I believe, from all that is known, that though Emmett aimed at the separation of Ireland from British connexion, and her entire political inde- pendence, his patriotism revolted from the idea of seeing his country reduced to a dependency of France, as had been the fate of several states of the Continent, which had occupied the insidious alliance and aid of her un- principled government. lie was well acquainted with the projects under discussion with his exiled countrymen in Paris and to prevent their execution, he seems to have hastened his own plans more than he might other- wise have been disposed to do. Without money, without the influence or countenance of a single individual of name or note, without any but the rudest weapons, without force, save a few hundred of the meanest peasantry of Kildare and of the Dublin rabble, this hot-headed, rash, and inexperienced young man set about the task of storming the Castle, the Bank, the public oiffces, and possessing himself of the capital of the kingdom in the face of a numerous and efficient garrison. The attempted execution of this design cor- responded with the conception. This rebel commander, after literally fretting and strutting his hour through the streets in green uniform, flourishing a drawn sword, surrounded bv lawless desperadoes, whom he had dubbed generals and colonels, vanishes from the theatre of his exploits, and was no more seen in public till he made his appearance on the scaffold. It appears that Emmett having taken no precaution whatever for the security of his depot,nor provided any means of retreat, totally abandoned it to its fate. The bustle observed in the lane where it was situated, and the number of armed men issuing from it, naturally attracted attention. Lieutenant Coultman of the 9th regiment, then acci- dentally in Dublin, partaking in the general alarm, collected a few men zealous and resolute like himself, some of them belonging to his own regiment, others volunteers of the barrack division, with a sergeant and twelve men, whom he met by the way, and proceeded to the place whence so much mischief had appeared to issue. The pikes with which the lane was strewed, marked the way to the magazine. which heing wholly deserted, was entered without resistance bv Lieutenant Coultman and his party. There they found the whole apparatus of rebellion—ball-cartridges, gunpowder, hand- grenades, pikes, some military dresses, but, above all, eight thousand copies of a proclamation, wet from the press, of persons stvling themselves the provisional government, and containing their project of a future constitution. After acting the general for the short space oj an hour, Einmett, either finding himself de- serted by his army, or at the head of a mob by whom his command, and even his entreaties were slighted, fled in despair from Dublin. That morning the secret history of the depot, of the preparations tlicre, ,ind of his indi- vidual share in the transaction, became universallv known. A man, in passing by the magazine on the 21st of July, had been taken prisoner by the conspirators, who were apprehensive that he had discovered the drift of their operations. His life had been spared by Emmett, contrary to the desire of the sanguinary miscreants around him. On the night of the 23rd, after having been detained two days, lie effected his escape, and was able to detail minutely all the transactions of the place, and to describe the persons whom he had seen there. A pursuit after the chiefs was immediately commenced. Emmett, with twelve chosen men, had taken the road leading to the mountains adjacent to Dublin. Then with a fol1y closely resembling insanity, which indeed marks all the transactions of these wretched enthusiasts, men ■who could have no rational hope of safety but in con- cealment, marched about in the dress of French officers; hut they received no other succour than what compassion afforded. Their appearance and the character which they had assumed, naturally excited notice and alarm, and search was made for them in every direction. Emmett again took refuge in Dublin, where he was quickly discovered by the police and committed to prison. His principal assistants fled. Dowdall and Allen escaped out of thp country. Redmond was ap- prehended at N'wry, as he was about to take his pas- age to America Quigiey and Stafford concealed them- selves in tp :nteri(?r of the country, and were not taken ? t:¡:/(,f.- ,¡..1 i t!ri': [t Úr,d' {. fI:r:r-l 'HIT, AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF X FIVE POUND NOTE. I I well remember the first hour I saw the light. I was gently taken wet from the copper-plate by a sallow, hard- featured man, who, as he raised me from the metal, looked wistfully in my face, An expression of triumph and pleasure arose on his countenance as he scanned the clearness and sharpness of the impression traced on my features, and with a smile of approbation laid me care- fully down on my Lack, until the ink was dry, While in this position, I had the opportunity of seeing the birth of DD9 twin-brothers and sisters, so like myself, that I began almost imperceptibly to doubt my own identity. I was somewhat more satisfied when I perceived that we had each of us blanks left upon our faces, where very pro- babiv numbers, dates, and other names, might in future assist my infantile capacity in distinguishing my relatives from myself. I had scarcely left off this kind of dreamy, speculative train of thought, when I was raised up by my natural parent, and committed with the whole of my brothers and sisters, packed back to face, as closely as possible, into a small deal box. I heard over-head the nailing up of this wood coffin, and I almost fancied T could faintly perceive the scratching of a pen, as the, dI- rection was writtpn upon it. It flashed across my mmd, that IV. werp to be sent somewhere, packed like a caro of negroes on their way to the Brazils. I was not mis- taken. for I heard audible instructions given by him, who I now considered mv unn:¡.tllml parent, that we should be forthwith conveyed to the railway office and properly booked for our journey. We were presently aware that we were in very rapid mo- tion, and then it was that we first seemed inclined to believe that our close proximity was of service in pre- serving us from any shakes or concussions in travelling. This consolatory idea gave way to a very anxious desire, on my part, to discover my own destination and that of my brethren. I had, before my journey, read over attentively the letters printed legibly on my forehead, which appeared to amount to this—"On demand, 1 promise to pay the Bearer the sum of Five Pounlls, for Messrs. Rugby & Co., Bankers,—and here was a blank. Well, thought!, I cannot pay Five Pounds; I am not worth sixpence in the world Messrs. Rugby & Co. must be going to give me Five Pounds to pay the Bearer with —and with a feeling of some faith in Messrs. Rugby's generosity—or good credit—or wealth—I settled down into a comfortable nap. I was awoke from sleep by the violent movement of some instrument over-head, which appeared to he wrenching open my prison door. I was not mistaken in this conjecture, for I soon felt the presence of light, and air, and by degrees, the pressure upon me lessened, until I was exposed to the gaze of a shrewd-looking, middle-aged man, with a chubby yet pale face and shaggy eye-brows, who lifted me out of the box and then set me down on a desk covered with green baize. I wa soon handed to a young man with somewhat 1t dandyish cut about him and a pen behind his ear, who put No. 1" upon my left cheek, filled in a date on my right temple, and made a corresponding entry in a long thin book, writing also upon my face "entered, Joseph Cash." This seemed at once to settle my identity, as I observed "No. 2" written on my twin brother, and therefore I imagined that some one was taking special care of each of us, which was a comforting reflection among total strangers. I had not been in this position very long before Mr. Joseph Cash thumbed me up rather unceremoniously by the right ear, which practice I afterwards became more accustomed to, (like rabbits, terriers, and all other animals) except indeed when some coarse fellow lifted me roughly with a wet and dirty finger!) and tied me up with some hundred of my fra- ternity with a piece of scarlet string or tape. I Was now handed to the chubby-faced, shaggy-browed gentleman, who, after examining me carefully, wrote his own name, "Jacob Postall," upon my face, near my left jaw (if indeed I possessed one) and having done the same to my brothers and sisters, tied us up again, and carried us into the presence, as we afterwards learnt, of the Messieurs Rugby. An elderly gentleman and his son, as I rightly judged from the likeness to the father, were sitting at separate desks in a small snug parlour adjoining the Banking Office, when Postall laid me and my com- panions down before the elder Rugby. He was a fine intelligent looking man with silvery-white hair, belonging, I supposed, from the cut of his coat, to the Quaker persuasion. His son did not appear to be quite so strait-laced. Will you sign us a few notes, Mr. Rugby ?" said the confidential clerk as he laid us down with a bow. (" :Xo, I" being still uppermost) Mr. Rugbv adjusted his spectacles and looked me full in the face. I felt shy and awkward at the scrutinizing glance bestowed upon me, but observing that Mr. Rugby's eye expressed a slight gleam of satisfaction,—whether it was that his own Firm, printed in remarkably fine copper-plate, with some wonderful flourishes, like the snakes twisting round the heads of the Furies, struck him as peculiarly substantial looking, or whether it might have been the execution of the whole design which really delighted him, I never could exactly tell—but, anyhow, I felt relieved as Mr. Rugby replied with a mono-syllable—" Now ?" If you please, Sir," said Postall, with a lower bow, retiring simultaneously from the room, Whereupon Mr. Rugby took up his pen and valiantly signed his name at the right hand corner of my face he then laid me down with an air of some satisfaction, and writing his name again on my twin brother, placed him just above me, so as to avoid blotting what he had written on me, and so on with all our fraternity. The moment Mr. Rugby's name was affixed to me I felt a considerable accession to my dignitv-l felt, in fact, that I was now matured in every part, that Mr. Rugby was answerable for my credit, that I was a veritable note of the value of Five Pounds; and I panted to be allowed an opportunity of showing my importance, and, at the same time, of seeing the world. ]n the meanwhile, I observed that Mr. Rugby was merely engaged in a mechanical employment, as he soon began to give a lecture to his son on the duties and responsibilities of his future calling in life, that of a country banker. I fear I cannot repeat the whole of Mr. Rugby's advice—but it began with a detailed account of the antiquity of the firm—of its gradual growth—of its high standing and prospsrity, which Mr. Rugby attributed, as well he might to the invariable good management of the concern. Yes, Tom," said he, I'll tell thee what the secret is—its the management, boy, that has made us what we are. A bank is a very nice thing while all goes on smooth, but a very plaguy thing when anything goes on rough. The secret then is in the management—the knowing who may be trusted and who may nnt, and in the proper investment of the funds ofthp bank. We don't lend mueh abovc half of our funds, but keep the rest in good convertible securities, th,at we nay provide or all sudden demands. Don't mind losing a little interest on your gold and bank notes, but always keep a good till,' boy, and then you can pay every body his own at a moment's notice, if they've no better manners than to ask for it in a hurry. Your funds are derived from three sources-your originl capital-your deposits, and your notes in circulation. The first is the only thing under your entire command- You may lend that with discretion-but your notes and other people's deposits may be demanded of you, and therefore you must have an equivalent sum or nearly so somewhere, to fork out at a short notice. Dost thou understand, Tom? Yes, Father, yes! I think I quite understand Good discountable bills' well-hacked, are not bad things to hold for this purpose, for they are always running off and turning into cash without trou- ble, and can be replaced by others, or allowed to run due as you may require. There's nothing so good as first-rate-two-rnonths'-bills, for they will circulate from hand to hand like a note, and often save the till- money. And there's another thing, Tom, don't have any leading accounts. 'Xo leading accounts, Father?' No. Tom, make 'em all ones, and if that won't suit 'em, why, thou'st better without 'em, lad, and let them go somewhere else. And here's another thing Tom, don't lock thy money up in their trade— if it does not come back of itself, fetch it back with an attorney's letter, if there's no other way-or else in the long- run thou may'st have to make 'em a present of it! And as for discounting bills, its slippery work, Tom; take 'em of somebody else who'll put his name upon 'em first, and have a good backer, beside the drawer and acceptor, and see not all the same man, Tom, with his name spelt a little differently, for that's a bad sort of customer, its what we call hog upon bacon,' Tom—and see there's value received in real stuff passed between 'em, and then thou can't be far wrong with three strins to thy bow, Tom," How long this conversation was continued I don't know, for Postall entered suddenly and said, that "Lady Grantlcy wan led £;¡O in Rugby's notes and there were no dean ones, might he have à few new ones for her ladyship?" Of course," said l{,ugby,-al1d I and nine of my hrethren were whipped off and carried into the front office, handed over the counter, and my first agree- able sensation was that of bein in the small, white hand of an elegant lady, whose pretty face I scarcely saw ere she popped me into a scented, silken purse and transferred me to her pocket. I soon found myself transferred from my snug retreat into an elegant devonport in a small parlour, where I and my friends were incarcerated, and the lock turned upon us, Thought I, mv fate is very unfortunate, for wherever I go, bonds and prisons still await me I am never allowed to see the world except in tantalizing, transient glimpses. How long I remained in this pitiful plight I oflhnot tell, but my reveries were disturbed by the forcible application of somp instrument to the lid of the desk in "hieh I was deposited. Thought I, has her ladyship mislaid her keys ? And is she obliged to have recourse to this rude mode of grtting at her purse? Or am I to be the victim of some vile theft? The well-made lid at last gave way with a crash, ,hich frightenerl me out of my wits, and made some sovereigns, which were lying bv me jump as if they were shot! The little drawer in which we were placed was rudely opened.and a man (O fearful sight!) with his face entirely blackened, peered down npnn us with one of the most s inister, diabolical expression 1 ever beheld. He intantly snatched up the sovereigns and some silver, and deliberately rrd mv countenance before he took me out of my corner. After a few moments' hesitation, he folded me HP tocther with my relatives, and thrust us into his greasy pocket. Oh thought I, how unlike my Lady Grantley's pocket! I was carried about the room for some time when I heard a faint signal whistle given from \ith;)I1t, which was answered by a low growl from my friend with the black face, who now appeared to b" getting 01lt of the window, and hy the awful concussion between the sovereigns and myself, which immedihtply followed, must have jumped from a considerable height to the ground. The concussion was succeeded by some rapid movements, which I did not fully comprehend, and by the discharge of fire arms, by which I conjectured that the presence of the thieves had been detected, and some pursuit set on foot. However, the rapid movements did not abate, and I became convinced I that the deprdators had made clear off with their booty. Early next day, I heard voices in the apartment, in which I was located and became suspicious that I was the subject of conversation, as the words" Rugby's notes, were distinctly audible. At length, a bargain appeared to be concluded, and I was taken out of my hiding place, and a couple of sovereigns substituted in my stead. Well, thought I, this is too bad for any thing I, a new fire pound note, sold by thieves for two pounds !-Sold when I am as fresh as the day I was pai,1 to my Lady Grantley All this comes of keeping low company I am a stolen note-a dangerous commodity- difficult to pass like an llO:1est £ 5 note — and so I mast be content to represent two pounds-and not five poun ds There was however, a consolitarv feeling in my mind, that [was not to blame in all this-my conscience was at rest, wheter Jemmy was so or not Well, Jemmy sold 111e to Danes, and who was Davies thought I? You shall hear. I was pocketed and carried off by this Dav. to a considerable distance—where—I never knew, "A. xn. by this ,¡ :T v" ..v -L- glances I ever remember. He peered with his coal-black eyes into every feature of my face—he read and re-read every syllable in my countenance—followed all the snake flourishes, and engine-turned ornaments on my temples and forehead—(the hvacinthinc locks of the firm of Rugby and Co.)—and concluded by tracing a dry pen over old Mr. Rugby's signature. When he had done this several times, he appeared satisfied that the whole affair was within his comprehension, and holding me up to the light, said, "no water mark that's well a good piece of engraving all plain-sailing tho', except that old miser's signature, but I'll hit that off so that he 11 not know it from his own This was said with a chuckle of delight. What, thought r, have I got into the hands of a forger? Davies set to work very industriously, and every day I heard him double-lock his door, and then out I was pulled to be the pattern for his graving tool, which silently and secretly traced every line on my countenance. In spite of my previous indignation, I became at length really interested in my own portrait, which went on, day by day, until the resemblance was so strong, that I started at the wonderful accuracy with which my peculiarities had been delineated, and even the names of Cash," "Postall," and Rugby," forgcd with astonishing skill At last, a perfect impression was thrown off-this was followed by others, and the signatures were all traced over by Davies with pen and ink, and thus appeared a whole family of rascally, spurious notes, of which the Messrs. Rugby had no conception, and I was the innocent means, in wicked hands, of their actual existence Davies was not long in trying the merits of his forgery, fcr one morning he dispatched a youth of his acquaint- ance with me and one of my bastard-brothers (purporting to he sent by one of therespectable tradesmen for change) to the bank of Messrs. Rugby and Co. to obtain sover- eigns. This was a hazardous enterprise, but might have succeeded very well, if it had not been for the late rob- bery at Lord Grantlev's. Information having been duly lodged at Messrs. Rugby's Bank, of the depredation com- mitted on his Lordship's premises, and the circumstance having occurred, that a portion of the first ten new Five Pound notes, just issued by the firm, were the identical notes stolen, thus enabled Messrs. Rugby to retain the numbers of the notes received by Lady Grantley in their recollection, and therefore to exercise every vigilance in case such notes should make their appearance for pay- ment, and give a clue to the discovery of the thieves. Altho' I had collected a considerable portion of dust and dirt upon my countenance since I first left Messrs. Rugby's office, and tho' Davies had purposely soiled the features of my counterfeit-brother, yet the numbers were still clear and legible upon us, and when I was presented to Postall by Davies's go-between, I observed that a scru- tinizing glance was instantly cast upon my designation of No. I." The clerk looked next at my companion's number, but that being above No. 10," he seemed satisfied to bestow all further examination upon me. Who do you bring these notes for ?" said Postall, at the same time turning on his heel towards the desk occupied by Cash, the second clerk, to whom I fancy he whispered Constable," and the alert junior instantly quitted the office. As his exit made some noise, Postall, appearing not to hear the reply, repeated the enquiry, and the youth again gave the name of a respectable tradesman. Will you have gold or silver ?" said Postall, in an unusually drawling tone. Gold," replied the youth, whereupon Postall began to count and weigh out ten sovereigns, which were re-counted and re- weighed, until they seemed performing some feat of gym- nastics, as they repeatedly jumped from the counter into I the palm of his hand, and swang to and fro in the scales! Now, young man, count them yourself," said Postall, who knew that he was gaining time by every pretext for delay. The youth hastily grasped the gold-pieces and was in the act of transferring them to his pocket, when Postall, in despair of the constable's arrival, took the law into his own hands, and rushing round the end of the counter, collared the young man before he could escape through the door-way. I need not detail the gradual discovery of the combined forgery and theft, which I heard frequently talked about in Messrs. Rugby's office and elsewhere—suffice it to say, that I had to make my appearance not only before the magistrates of the district, where Davies and his ac- complice were fully committed for trial, but also at the spring assizes, where they were found guilty and received sentence of transportation for life. I was never able to discover the real ground of a mischievous rumour which was circulated, some three years after the discovery of the forgery and theft, that Messrs. Rugby were in difficulties. This ru- mour was so current in the neighbourhood that at last a run upon their establishment was the conse- quence. I, with many other of their notes, grown old in fheir service, was accordingly presented for payment. I remember observing the unusual crowd which filled the street, and almost precluded an entrance into the Bank. It appeared composed of parties who held deposits in Messrs. Rugby's hands, and the casual holders of their notes, who were all clamouring for the immediate payment of their respective demands. I happened at that time to be the property of a burly butcher, who forced his way through the concourse in the street and got fairly into the office, where I beheld my old friends, Postall and Cash, with unusually thoughtful countenances, paying away, what appeared to me, an almost indefinite amount of Bank of England notes and sovereigns. While my owner was impatiently waiting his turn, a huge box arrived from London, under the care of one of the posting clerks, who had been dispatched to town for a further supply of cash, and when this accession to the already large coffers of the bank made its appearance, a gleam of light shot across the countenance of the two Rugbys, who were superintending in person, the withdrawal of their deposits, and occasionally saying a word or two to allay the foolish panic, which was heedlessly hurrying their customers to so rash an act as that of bringing about, if possible, the very thing they were so desirous of preventing, viz.:—the stoppage of the firm. The butcher who held me in his great fist, did not, however, seem disposed to change his purpose, and I was accord- ingly exchanged, for the last time, for sovereigns. I had now paid all pecuniary obligations, and was about to pay the debt of nature. I was laid with a great mul- titude of my fraternity in a receptacle for the purpose, and before an hour had elapsed, became aware, by the pressure from above, that an immense multitude of other notes had been added to the paid list. The bank had provided ample means to meet every demand, for old I Ru?bv had not invested his customers' money in secu- rities which he could not get readily converted into cash, and after a desperate run of three days, the panic, like all other panics, suddenly left off and money began to flow in instead of out of the bank. On this turn being once fairly commenced, instructions were given not to receive the money of those parties who had so recently exhibited their want of confidence in the stability of the firm, by its sudden withdrawal and those individuals had to walk away and find some other receptacle, perhaps far less secure, for their savings, as the merited reward of their indiscretion. After the lapse of some weeks, which gave me time for reflection and the composition of my autobiography, I was sorted out of a great heap of my kith and kin,' and now grown ragged in the skirt and considerably the worse for wear, I was ordered to be cancelled My number was written off by Joseph Cash, I was counted up by old Postall, with my brethren in the condemned cell,—and to-morrow we are to be laid before young Rugby, as our executioner, in order that we may be finally committed to the flames. Gentle reader think with compassion upon my event- ful life, gather what instruction you may from my acquaintance with the world, for I mixed with all classes in society,—with you I leave my only hopes of iiiiiiiortality.-rroi)t Tales and Poetry, by Alpha, an extremely interesting little ivork; published by X ichals and Sons, Wakefield. BOOKS. A good book is a lasting companion. Truths which it has taken years to glean, are therein at once freely but carefully communicated. We enjoy communion with the mind, though not with the person of the writer. Thus, the humblest man may surround himself with the wisest and best spirits of the past and present ages. No man can be solitary who possesses a book—he owns a friend who will instruct him in moments of leisure or necessity. It is only necessary to turn open the leaves, and the fountain at once gives forth its streams. You may seek costly furniture for your homes, fanciful orna- ments for mantel-pieces, and rich carpets for your floors but, after the absolute necessaries of a home, give me books, as at once the cheapest and certainly the most useful and abiding embellishments. JOHN AND JONATHAN. Mr. Elihu Burritt, in the course of a peace" lecture at the Exeter Athenocum, (reported in the Western Times,) said In the last year great nations had trem- bled, and mighty governments had fallen, amidst their munitions of physical strength, and the news one day came to America that Old England, frail and time- worn, was rocking anll surging on the mad sea of revo- lutions—and then word went across the water that Old England's hour was come-that her sons were pallid at the portents of the storm—and if Jonathan ever had a grievance against his brother, he forgot it on that day (Cheers.) For a whole week the city of New York was involved in gloom—men walked away slowly, with their eyes fixed on the street, as if they feared to see the approaching messenger of some unprecedented disaster —and in the cities on the sea coast, the merchant vacated his counting-house, and the tables of traffic were deserted, at the arrival of every steamer, for men were so anxious to have news from Old England-and eager questions and replies passed from one man to another across the land—and in the far west the farmer left his plough in the field, and ran to the roadside to hail the traveller with the uncouth salutation —" I say, stranger, you hav'n't heard any news of Old England to-day, have you?" (Cheers.) And when news came that Old England had weathered the storm, it was difficult to say which of the twain wore the brightest face, John or Jonathan, England or America. (Cheers.) PRINCESS ELIZABETH, DAUGHTER OF CHARLES 1. At Cariston was the dungeon, and in Newport is the grave, of one whose fate was, perhaps, even harder than that of Charles-we allude to the terrible destiny of his young and accomplished daughter, the Priness Elizabeth. The men who slew her father pleaded cause, but they had no argument but the common argument of the caprices of tyranny for slowly murdering this exqui- site child, by inflicting on her youthful timidity all the horrors of a prison. She was but thirteen when her father was judicially assassinated and for nearly two years after that period the republican government kept her immured in the strong fortress of Carisbrook. Cla- rendon describes her as one of distinguished parts, great observation, and early understanding; but for these j qualities the fanatic king-slayers cared as little as the murderers of Marie Antoinette cared for those of her child, the Dauphin. They turned away with a jeer from the offers made by European Courts to afford a home to the royal child and they added torture to the other cruelties inflicted upon her, by intimating that it was their intention to apprentice this, the grand-daugher of Henri Quatre, to a Round-head, prick-eared, button- maker of Newport. The poor girl sunk beneath her accumulated indignities, and she was buried, walled up, and nearly forgotten, till her sad story was again Ten- dered fresh in men's minds by the discovery, in 1793, of her coffin in a vault near the altar. There could be no mistake as to identity of the remains for, above the bosom of the martyred child of a martyred father, some hand had inscribed—"Elizabeth, 2nd Davghter of ye late King Charles,dece'd Sept. 8, MDCD." -Uaca(ilaÿ's w 1 THOMAS IDEA OF POSTHUMOUS TAME. I When I think of the existence I shall commence when the stone is laid above my head, how can literary fame appear to me—to any one, but as nothing? I believe when I am gone, justice will be done to me in this way —that I was a pure writer. It is an inexpressible comfort, at my time of life, to be able to look back and feel that I have not written one line against religion or virtue. THE EARTH PREPARED FOR MAN. Man was not made for the earth the earth, from the first, had been preparing for man, and we are to suppose that now, at length, the hour of his creation has arrived. Often, we believe, since the material of the earth was at first called into existence, had vast spaces on its surface become formless and waste,' and dark- ness' had hung I on the face of the deep.' And as often had the creative will recalled it from chaos, and restored it to order and beauty. But even each of these succes- sive wrecks of the earth had looked on beyond itself, and had a respect to the coming of man and each of the new creations which followed had formed part of a system of means of which he was to be the subordinate end. For him volcanic fires had fused and chrystallized the gra- nite, and piled it up into lofty table lands. The never- wearied water had for him worn and washed it down into extensive valleys and plains of vegetable soil. For him the earth had often vibrated with electrical shocks, and had become interlaced with rich metallic veins. Ages of comparative quiet had followed each great revolution of nature, during some of which the long accumulating vegetables of preceding periods were for him transmuted into stores of fuel; the ferruginous deposits of primeval waters were becoming iron and successive races of des- troyed animals were changed into masses of useful lime- stone. The interior of the earth had become a store- house, in which everything necessary was laid up for his use, in order that, when the time should come for him to open and gaze on its treasures—on the blessings of the deep that lieth under'—on the chief things of the ancient mountains, and the precious things of the lasting hills,'—he might gratefully recognise the benevolent foresight of the Being who had prepared, selected, and placed them there. Many of those great facts which we are accustomed to regard as alone constituting the laws of nature,' because the uniformity of their operation extends through ages of duration, had repeatedly given place for a time, and had owned their subjection to a principle more comprehensive still-the principle that not the uniformity of ten thousand years, but the change which then breaks up that uniformity, is the grand con- trolling principle of the universe, itself, perhaps, of uniform recurrence. And, for him, many of the suc- cessive changes of the earth had been commemorated by geological monuments, which when uncovered and deci- phered, should convince him that all his revolutions had been conducted under the superintending eye of Infinite Wisdom. All this may be said to have taken place for him, not, indeed, exclusively and supremely, but in the sense that, as every end to be answered by creation must be supposed to be included in the Divine purpose, and as the coming of man was calculated to answer the highest end at that time attained, every preceding end may be regarded as a means iw order to its attainment."—The Pre-Adamite Earth, by Dr. Harris, Author of "Mam- mon. MAN ENTERING HIS PRIMITIVE HOME. In proportion to the superiority of man's constitu- tion, the resources of pre-existing nature were disclosed and its relations advanced. In man himself, indeed, all o! ,tn i c, and an i ma l were its great laws, mechanical, organic, and animal were summed up and attained perfection. Art is not so much the representation of nature as of nature's design and man expresses the ultimate goal or purpose of nature's design.' Accordingly, he appears on the earth as a being for whose coming all nature had been pre-configured. His ear only had been wanting to discover that its sounds were music. Classes of animals, since domesticated, had awaited his sway, and developed new qualities under it. He is their melior natura, the mediator for lower nature, and his influence over them a perpetual benediction. They look up to him, and he carries the look up to God. Everything now began to stand for something above itself, literally, truth sprang out of the earth.' Nature was no longer an outside show. Its great symbolism had found an interpreter. Its objects supplied the mind with images for ideal conceptions, and forthwith passed into human language. Nature was indulged by man's presence, and exalted, ordained without hands,' he was its minister and high priest. The great temple in which he served was filled with emblems of the Divine presence. As he walked to the altar, the proofs of goodness lay profusely in his path and the light by which he minis- tered was the symbol of purity. Nature had kept no Sabbath, but heavenly days were now to be intercalated, and, through his lips, everything that had breath was to praise the Lord.' Providence no longer limits its cares to the lilies of the field, or to the fowls of the air henceforth it charges itself with the well-being of the creature, how much better than they!' Even righteousness looks down from heaven,' and descends to govern him. Physical laws are promoted into moral discipline. The kingdoms of nature h r.e. in a. sense unknown before, become the kingdom of our God. Life has become a religion. Lord, what is man ? Thou hast crowned him with glory and honour!' "-Ibid. WHAT IS MIND ? We have seen that organised matter is only the con- dition or means of its manifestation. The phenomena of matter are all learned by outward observation those of the mind by consciousness alone. The material phe- nomena, which observation brings to light, are only, at most, instruments and organs, while consciousness is a force or cause capable of controlling some of these organs. Material properties and processes can be con- ceived of only as related to space the utter absurdity of conceiving of the mind as sustaining any such relation is felt as soon as it is attempted. Matter is divisible even the brain, the instrument of mind, is made up of parts; the mind itself is eonsiciously invisible, one. The brain is constantly wasting and renewing: the mind is ever identical—the man is ever conscious that lie is the same being. The material organ grows weary, and asks for rest; the untiring will pities the infirmity while yielding to the demand, and often pictures what it could accomplish with boundless scope for its designs, and an organisation incapable of fatigue with which to carry them out. The relation of mind to matter is of a nature still further to illustrate the essential distinction between the two for we have seen abundant evidence to conclude that the brain, besides being nothing more than the con- dition of the mind's action, is only the inadequate instru- ment of that activity, and not its standard that, whilst certain functions of the body constantly proceed without the mind being at all conscious of them, the mind also has certain properties and activities quite independent of all cerebral sympathies. And that, as matter is indepen- dent of any specific organized form, so mind is capable of existing apart from Its present material instrument, and is, by the will of God, indestructible. The mind, then, is a distinct entity, and its constitution is an ultimate fact, or rather, a revelation of many such facts. -Ibid.

BRISTOL AND SOUTH WALES JUNCTION RAILWAY.— The half-yearly meeting of the company was held on Friday, at the White Lion, Bristol, James Gibbs, Esq., in the chair. The chairman said, as no material alter- ation had, since the last meeting, taken place in the affairs of the company, the directors had had no materials for framing a report, and could only sub- mit the financial statement, which had been laid on the table as audited by the auditors. The directors had hoped and expected that long ere this they would have been in a position to call the company together, for the purpose of discussing what course it would be best to pursue in the future, but difficulties had occurred in regard to the Aust-ferrv, and, until these were over- come, it would be impossible to make an estimate of the company's liabilities. In the meantime the directors had thought it prudent to make a call of El per share, in order to provide for any contingency which might arise, and in order to prevent a course, which he was sorry to say had been taking place on the part of some shareholders—that of transferring their shares into irresponsible hands (hear, hear). He was afraid that there was no prospect of their being likely to carry out the undertaking. He said this with regret, for no one could see the direction which the South Wales railway was taking to Glo'ster, without seeing that a great deal of traffic which now passed through this city would be diverted. The present meeting would have to elect three directors, and although the office was neither a very desirable nor profitable one, the gentlemen who retired would not, if approved by the meeting, shrink from undertaking the responsibility. The chairman concluded by proposing that Messrs. W. Morgan, R. Leonard, and W. D. Wills be re-elected directors, which motion was adopted nem. con. In reply to Mr. Bow- den, the chairman said the sum of jE;248 lis. included in the last year's account, as expenses of engineering and surveying, was an old liability; not a pound had been expended since the last meeting. The affairs of the Aust-ferry were now in the hands of the solicitors, and it would be unwise to explain the precise position in which they stood the meeting might, however, rely on the directors using their best efforts to effect a settlement, and, as soon as this was accomplished, a special meeting would be called. In reply to Mr. Lyddon, the chairman said the directors had made the call in self-defence; but unless the money was required, had no intention to enforce it. The arrears of calls which the directors expected to receive amounted to between E6,000 and £ 7,000. Mr. May, Mr. Mallard, and other shareholders said the directors deserved the thanks of the proprietary for adopting such a course: and the business of the meeting terminated. REVIVAL OF THE OFFICE OF ABBOT IN ENG- LAN D.-The ceremony of consecrating an abbot took place at the Monastery of Mount St. Bernard, in Charn- wood Forest, on Sunday, when the Rev. J. Palmer, otherwise Father Bernard, the superior of that mo- nastery, was installed in that office, and presented with a crosier, rings, mitre, and gloves, each of which were separately blessed and sprinkled with holy water bv the Romanist Bishop of the midland district, Dr. Ullathorne. This being the first occasion of the kind in England since the Reformation, some interest was excited in the neighbourhood, and a few Ca- tholic gentlemen from considerable distances were pre- sent to witness the ceremony. Bishop Waring was pre- sent, but took no public part in the proceedings. Se- veral other Catholic clergymen were present, as were also Abbot Bruno, from Mount Mellerav Abbey, county ofWaterford; and Abbots Augustin, of Bellefontaine, Maxime, of Melleray, in France. In the course of the proceedings the Bishop delivered a brief address, in which he congratulated those of the clergy present that, after 300 years of desolation, it had pleased God to renew in their midst the ancient office of abbot, and that there was in that neighbourhood an owner of the soil (alluding to Mr. A. L. Phillipps) who was raising up the ancient Abbey of Garendon at Mount St. Ber- nard. He alluded to the exertions the Abbot elect had made in establishing and conducting that monastery, and exhorted the monks and novices (from 30 to 40 in number) to imitate Father Bernard in his zeal and good works. The ceremony occupied rather more than three hours. — Globe.

HOUSE OF LORDS.—THURSDAY, FEB. 22. I On the motion of the Bishop of Oxford, a select com- mittee was appointed to inquire into the best means of I extinguishing the slave trade. CHARITABLE TRUSTS. T ,m H I 1 11 1 In reply to the Bishop of Oxford, ttie LOW onancetior stated that the bill of last session for the better Manage- ment of Charitable Trusts, would be introduced at an early period. Tueir Lordships then adjourned. FRIDAY, FEB. 23. I The Habeas Corpus Suspension Bill for Ireland was read a second time without opposition, on the motion of the Marquis of Lansdowne, after a very brief conver- sation in which Lord Brougham and Lord Monteagle spoke in favour of the bill. The former noble lord again criticised the Crown prosecutions. PUBLIC ROADS. I The Marquis of Salisbury moved for some returns connected with the turnpike trusts and the Duke of Richmond took that opportunity of protesting against the contemplated imposition of ES,000,000, the debt of the turnpike trusts, on the county rates. The landed, interest of England was in such a depressed state, that he did not think the malt tax was worth a year's purchase Their lordships then adjourned at a few minutes past six o'clock until Monday.

HODSE OF COMMONS.—THURSDAY, FEB. 22. THE AGRICULTURAL INTEREST. Mr. Disraeli gave notice that on that day fortnight, he would call the attention of the house to the present condition of ttke, agricultural interest, with a view to the more equitable apportionment of the taxation to which it is subject. (Loud cheers from the Protec- tionists. ) THE LAW OF MARRIAGE. Mr. Stuart Wortley moved for leave to bring in a bill to amend and alter the Act 5 and 6 Will. IV. c. 54, so far as relates to marriage within certain degrees of affinity. By a recent decision of the Court of Queen's Bench a marriage in this country between a man and his deceased wife's sister was declared to be, under Lord Lyndhurst's Act, absolutely null and void. But doubt still rested on the validity of such marriages when so- lemnized abroad. The bill would be limited to the actual grievance, legalizing marriages with the sister or the niece of a deceased wife and it would be permissive only, and would contain nothing compulsory, or that could wound the tenderest conscience. Sir George Grey said he was disposed to give, in his individual capacity, his hearty support to this bill, and on the second reading he should be ready to state the grounds upon which he thought redress should be given to a practical grievance not existing in some other countries. Leave was then given to bring in the bill. SECEEDIXG CLERGYMEN. Mr. Bouverie then moved that the house would resolve itself into a committee to consider the Toleration Act of William and Mary, with a view to exempting from penalties, ministers of the Church of England declaring themselves Dissenters. The Court of Queen's Bench had decided that a clergyman of the Church of England becoming a Dissenter, though exempted by the Tolera- tion Act from all statutory penalties, was still liable to be proceeded against in the Ecclesiastical Court, for a breach of discipline so that every one who entered into holy orders was bound hand and foot a slave to ad scriptus ecclesice. He proposed that a clergyman dissenting from the Established Church, should, in addition to the oaths required from Dissenting ministers, make a declaration of his dissent, which should be registered in the bishop's registry, and that this should have the force and effect of a sentence of deprivation, and release the party from all ecclesiastical penalties. In answer to an inquiry from Sir James Graham, Mr. Bouverie said he proposed to admit such a person to a seat in that house. Mr. Gladstone heartily concurred in the object in view. The motion was agreed to, and the house went into committee; the reso]ution was reported, and a bill founded thereupon ordered to be brought in. A debate afterwards took place on the Irish Law of Landlord and Tenant, on the motion of Mr. Sharman Crawford, which was withdrawn; and also a debate on Mr. Trelawny's proposition for a select committee to inquire into the management of the Duchies of Corn- wall and Lancaster, which was rejected by 74 to 27 votes. The house then adjourned. FRIDAY, FED 23. JEWISH DISABILITIES. The house having resolved itself into committee for the purpose of considering Lord John Russell's resolu- tion, preparatory to a bill for amending the oaths taken by members of Parliament, with a special view to the admission of members of the Jewish persuasion, Mr. Bankes moved the insertion of the following words in the form of oath proposed by the Premier And I do hereby disclaim, disavow, and solemnly abjure any intention to subvert the present Church Es- tablishment as settled by law within this realm and I do solemnly swear that I will never exercise any privi- lege to which I am or may become entitled, to disturb or weaken the Protestant religion or Protestant Govern- ment in the United Kingdom. The discussion which followed turned mainly on the interpretation of the oath taken by Roman Catholic members. Lords Arundel and Surrey, and Mr. Anstey under- stood that the intention of the Legislature in 1829 was to disqualify Roman Catholics from taking any part in legislating on the temporalities of the Established Church. Mr. Sheil drew a distinction between measures in- tended to subvert or overthrow a Church, and measures for making modifications in its temporal possessions. Sir Robert Peel, in reply to an appeal from Mr. J. O'Connell, declined to give any interpretation of the oath, which was the act of the Legislature and not his act. It must be left to the consciences of the Roman Catholic members. Mr. J. O'Connell then stated that he conscientiously considered himself at liberty to vote on all money ques- tions connected with the Church. Mr. Bankes did not press the committee to a division, and the resolution was adopted. The House resumed and the resolution was adopted. At a later hour the bill was brought in and read a first time. The second reading was appointed for Mon- day, April 16. The Irish Distress Bill was then read a second time after a protest from Mr. Hume. Some other orders were disposed of, and with reference to his notice of motion respecting the Agricultural In- terest, Mr. Disraeli stated that he would be prepared at an early day—perhaps on Tuesday—to place his resolu- tion in specific terms declaratory of its objects on the table of the House. The Navy Estimates were postponed until Monday. Several bills connected with Ireland were brought up by Sir W. Somerville. In reply to Mr. Hume, Lord J. Russell said, he had no intention of introducing any measure affecting the Irish Church Establishment. Some questions were rapidly put and answered, but it was quite impossible to hear them in the gallery, owing to the noise of members leaving the House, and the low tone in which hon. gentlemen spoke. The House adjourned at a little past 7 o'clock until Monday.

Cum. CON.—TYI.ER v, MAYNE, This case was tried in the Court of Queen's Bench last week. The plaintiff and the defendant were officers in the army. The plaintiff was married to Miss Sainpier, at St Kitt's, one of the West Indian Islands, on the 20th May, 1846, she having for some time previously been under an agreement to marry Captain Tyler on his arrival from England. The defendant at that time was also resident in the island, but was not on intimate terms with the plaintiff or his family. In fact he had been requested not to visit his house, in consequence of his attention to Mrs. Tyler. Notwithstanding this it ap- peared that he found opportunity of communicating with the lady, and that six months after her marriage, she eloped with the defendant from the island, and pro- ceeded with him to London, where they lived together as man and wife. For the defence it was contended that there must have been strong cause to have induced this early elopement, but no evidence was given to prove such cause.—Verdict for the plaintiff, damages £200, THE LATE RAILWAY ROBBERY.—During the last few days some important facts have transpired with respect to this audacious robbery.—The facts having been communicated to the Post-office authorities, they have been busily engaged in obtaining the required information, and from the facts which have already transpired there is every reason to believe that a vast amount of the property taken from the up-mail will be discovered. As soon as Poole's friends heard of the new discoveries, they gave orders to Mr. Force, the auctioneer, of Exeter, to sell the whole of the pri- soner's property. The auction was immediately called, which commenced on Tuesday last and finished on Wednesday, owing to the large number of lots. The sale commenced at 11 o'clock each day, and did not terminate till late in the evening. The house in which Poole lived contained 20 rooms, all of which were most superbly furnished. The auctioneer, in opening the sale, truly remarked that the furniture was fit for the mansion of any nob leman. The lots, which fetched very high prices, consisted chiefly of plate and plated goods, magnificent mahogany and rosewood sideboards, cheffoniers, bedsteads, splendid feather beds, Brussels and Turkey carpets, linen, china, &c. So great was the desire to witness the sale, that the catalogues, which gave the right of admission, sold at high prices. -Exete)- Gazette. A GRAVE-DIGGER BUrtlED ALIVE.—Saturday after- noon, an aged man, named Charles Barker, who for a long period had discharged the duties of gravedigger in South Hackney Churchyard, was preparing a ten feet grave for the interment of a corpse yesterday, when, having attained a depth of about six feet without the aid of shoars, an immense mass of earth gave way, and instantaneously buried him. A young man named Jackson, who witnessed the melancholy occurrence, instantly gave an alarm, and no time was lost in ex- tricating the unfortunate man, who was found in a stooping position. Mr. Hacon promptly attended, and used every efiort to restore animation, but without effect. The upper portion of deceased's face was severely contused. The accident is ascribed to the disuse of shoars, and to the proximity of the ground to a newly filled grave, the soil of which is of a loose and gravelly nature. Charles," said a young lady to her lover, there is nothing interesting in the paper to-day, is there, dear ?" No love, but I hope there will, one day, when we both shall be interested." The lady blushed, and said, of course, For shame, Charles." s

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. I FRANCE. I The popularity of the President of the French Repub- lic advances with rapid strides. Power and position have a strange creative influence. The man who but a few months since was regarded as a Quixotic adven- turer, reflecting little credit on France, has now suddenly developed in the sunshiue of prosperity, into a popular idol. And the worship with which he is greeted is not confined to the lower orders merely—the millions who raised him by their votes to this eminence. The old aristocracy, it seems, attend his balls and receptions, while with the new nobles and the bourgeoisie he is all in all. The army, too, show unequivocal signs of devo- tion to the nephew of the great Napoleon. In his public and private conduct the Premier shows himself discreet. We hear no more of disputes with his ministers, and the machinery of the state progresses in France with a regularity scarcely attained in the palmy days of Louis Philippe. The National Assembly, vanquished in the late strug- gle for prolonged existence, has accepted honourably the issue. The discussions on the electoral law proceed steadily, and the period of dissolution daily draws more near. The members of the Assembly, and their par- tizans out of doors, are chiefly intent on the arrange- ments necessary for the coming election to the Legisla- tive Assembly. A curious scene closed the proceedings of the National Assembly on Wednesday evening. M. Pierre Leroux proposed that adulterers should be declared ineligible to seats in the assembly, while robbers might be elected if the sovereign people thought fit to pardon their crimes. M. Leroux, although he could not carry on the robbers, did succeed in excluding the violators of the sanctity of private life, by a majority of 57. PARIS, SUNDA Y.—The Moniteur gives the following account of the proceedings yesterday in commemoration of the Revolution of February:- At about half-past nine the National Assembly left the Chamber in procession, headed by the principal officers, huissiers, &c. "The National Guards, some battalions of infantry and a body of the Republican Guard, formed a line on either side from the Chamber to the Church of the Madeleine. Piequets of the Gendarmerie and the Re- publican Guard maintained order and kept the road clear. Loud cries of Vive La Republique were ut- tered by the National Guards as the representatives passed. The President of the Republic, accompanied by M. Boulay (de la Meurthe), arrived in his carriage, The President wore the uniform of a general of the National Guard, with the order of the Legion of Ho- nour. The carriage was escorted by a picquct of the cavalry of the National Guard and of Cuirassiers. During his progress from the Elysee National he was saluted by loud cries of I Vive Napoleon,' and I Vive la Republique.' At the moment when the President alighted at the gates of the Madeleine, the crowd, which was very great, endeavoured to break through the ranks of the National Guards, and confusion was caused. The interior of the church was hung with black. Deputations from the Council of State and the different Courts of Justice were present. The religious service commenced about half past ten, the Archbishop of Paris officiating. On the President of the Republic leaving the church he was attended to his carriage by the clergy, who after- wards paid the same compliment to the President of the National Assem bly. The crowd assembled outside were afterwards admitted into the church. In the evening the public buildings were illumi- nated." ITALY. I More interesting intelligence comes from Italy, The proclamation of a Republic in Rome, and the subsequent Ministerial arrangements, must precipitate the crisis inevitable in the affairs of the Pope. The universal rule during the continental struggles of the last year has been to allow each nation to settle its own government, without intervention from foreigners. It remains to be seen whether the Pope will be considered an exception to other sovereigns whose power has been imperilled Or, should an armed intervention be adopted for his res- toration, then comes the question by whom? It is said that France, England, and Austria will not interfere, and that should any steps be taken, the minor Catholic powers will be allowed to conduct the movement. In this case, the chief weight will fall on Spain; and the rest of Europe will scarcely refuse to that iong-degraded state an opportunity of once more taking an historical position. But against this the King of Sardinia demurs. He contends that to him and to the King of Naples, as Italian powers, shall belong the honour of restoring the Pope. Meanwhile, his Holiness remains at Gaeta, and his rebellious subjects are playing at sovereignty with the same frothy enthusiasm they exhibited in the days of Rienzi. The Roman clergy having refused to officiate at a Te Denin performed in St. Peter of the Vatican! On the 11th, mass was celebrated by a military chaplain, assisted by soldiers bearing torches. The representatives of the people were preient. By a decree of the 10th, the Italian colours, green, red, and white, are adopted for the army of the Roman republic. The name of the Pope is suppressed in all public documents and judicial sentences, and the Roman republic substituted instead. The Grand Duke of Tuscany, having fairly run away from his people, cannot be induced to go back again. His government is administered in his absence by men who seem disposed to keep within the bounds of moderation, but have to maintain a severe struggle against repub- licanism. The liberalism of the King of Naples is about to be rudely put to the test. His Chambers are determined to have the ministers dismissed the King desires to retain them. It remains to be seen whether he will dissolve the Chambers. GERMANY. I German affairs progress quietly enough. In Prussia the new Legislative Assembly is to meet on the 26th, the state of siege in Berlin to he removed the night before. In Bavaria the crisis continues, the King still unable to form a ministry. The Saxon ministry are at issue with the Commons of that Kingdom on the ques- tion of bowing to the Frankfort Parliament. They have accepted the terms of the Prussian circular note. The Austrian Diet and the Frankfort Assembly still continue to talk to no great purpose, and the rest of Germany presents no new facts whatever. AUSTRIA. I The Austrian Parliamentary Committee on Constitu- tional Matters has finished its labours and sent in its report, with a draft of the plan of the constitution of the empire. The empire is to consist of ten crown-lands," with a governor, an administration, and a Diet to each of them. The Diets are proposed to sit for two months in the year, and a general Diet is to assemble at Vienna. That the general Diet is to consist of two houses or chambers; the parliamentary duration of the Lower Chamber is fixed for a period of two years, and that of the Upper for six. The draft gives the Emperor the usual prerogative of executive power. Each province is to have a separate financial administration. The city of Agrani, the capital of Croatia, has been declared in a stage of siege. The Croats dislike their contemplated annexation to Austria, and hence the spread of serious disaffection, which has called forth this extreme measure. EGYPT. I Mehemct Ali has had a relapse of dysentery, and is I not expected to recover. ENTRANCE OF THE RUSSIANS INTO TRAN- I SYLVANIA. VIENNA, FEB, 21.—No slight commotion was created yesterday by the arrival of a courier from Transylvania, reporting the total defeat of Bern's army, and the occu- pation of Cronstradt and Ilermannstadt by Russian troops. A supplementary sheet to the evening edition of the Wiener Zeitung contains intelligence from the seat of war In Transylvania, to the effect that after the engagement which General Puchner had with the Hun- garians at Ilermanstadt on the 21st inst., his communi- cations with the Benat and the city of Carlsburg were cut off, and the country around was devastated by the Hungarian insurgents, who made a deal of booty, which they carried to their head-quarters at Klausenburgh. The devastation of the country acted at once on the towns which were held by the Imperialists, and where soldiers and inhabitants alike were suffering from want of food. The inhabitants of these towns (for the most part Saxons) were moreover threatened by the guerilla. warfare of the Szeklers, and they appealed to the Russian General Luders, who occupied the Wallachian frontier, for his protection. Gen. Puchner, too, cut off as he was from all hopes of reinforcement, and surrounded by the enemy, was hardly pressed to call in the help of the Russians, and save his troops and the population which he was to protect. General Puchner saw the necessity of attacking the leader of the Hungarians and Szeklers, Gen. Bern, before that chief's successes could increase the number of his troops, but he was too weak to risk the chances of a battle. Though he had no instructions on this point, Gen. Puchner yielded to the urgent neces- sities of the hour. His determination was ripened by the news of fresh successes which the Szeklers had obtained at Cronstadt, which town they threatened. The Russians were consequently sent for to protect the two cities of Hermanstadt and Cronstadt. This was on the 1st instant. Russian troops to the number of 6,000 entered Cronstadt that very day, and on the 4th instant, Hermanstadt was taken possession of by a detachment of 4,000 Russians. The safety of the Saxon capitals being thus provided for, General Puchner directed the march of the troops upon the latter town, where they arrived early in the morning of the 4th inst., and where they found General liem's corps, to the number of 9,000 men, with 29 pieces of artillery, in an advantageous po- sition in front of the town. General Puchner ordered a feigned attack to be made upon the enemy, and he suc- ceeded in inducing General Bern to quit his favourable position and to pursue the Imperial troops to the heights around Hermanstadt. A general attack was then made by the Imperialists, and the affair ended with the retreat of part of the insurgents and the flight of others. General Puchner's troops took 13 guns and 10 waggons, with a number of muskets and other weapons. The number of killed and wounded is quoted in the Austrian bulletin as follows :-Ilungarians-killerl, 700 wounded and cap- tured, 140. Austrians-killed, 70; wounded, 160. Ge- neral Bern retreated with his troops to the city of i\1uh- lenbach, which he barricaded, but which he quitted after being threatened by an attack of the Imperialists, and retired to Szassvaros, from which place he was dislodged with some loss on the 7th inst., and driven upon Deros. 81

AN IRISH ORGAN BLOWER.—The Troy Budget (American paper) relates that the bellows-blower of St. Luke's is a pluralist; he blows the organ and he blows the fires. On a cold winter morning iu 18,18, he had occasion to feed his stoves during service, and, unknown to his principal, left the supply of organ wind to a newly imported Emeralder. Gloria in Excelsis" was coming on; and the organist (a lady) whispered "blow." The leader, after waiting a moment or two in vain, echoed with emphasis, blow and the entire choir took up the behest, impatiently reiterating, blow Pat, unable to hold any longer, broke out- Faith, an' if I blow any harder I'll burst!" Organist, leader, and choir sought out the strange Boreas, and found him with the bellows handle in his month, and his cheeks distended like those of a glass-blower An Irish dragoon, on hearing that his widowed mother had been married since he quitted Ireland, ex- claimed, Murther! I hope she won't have a son j oulder than me, if she does I shall lose the estate ATTEMPTED MURDER.—On Tuesday night, hooe eight and nine o'clock, as Mr. Robert Norman, J.?? of Kirkandrews on Eden, was returning home f\be Carlisle in his gig, and when on the road between j,{ village of Newtown and Newtown Workhouse, p met by a man, who stopped his horse, and, stepP??? to the gig, presented a pistol at him, exclaiming, "bB money or death." Mr. Norman bade the fello? be off," who thereupon stepped back a pace or twof ^L deliberately fired at him. The charge passed ?"? the sleeves of his upper and lower coats and ?-t, grazed his arm (which he had lifted in a threate0^^ attitude) between the elbow and shoulder, and ??'?< past without doing further damage. The woul to assassin then made off, leaving Mr. Norman (IJna.ble tell whether he had been seriously hurt or not) to ? o the best of his way home. Just previous to the att ? upon Mr. Norman, Mr. T. Storey was likewise sto^j near Coalfell Hill, by a ruffian, who presented a Pistal to his breast and demanded his money or his life. Storey handed the man his purse (which, by was empty), and made the bet of his way frolI!  villain and his pistol. He returned shortly after,h other parties to look for the robber, and on c ei. they met Mr. Norman, who had just narrowly esc?f been murdered. On Wednesday night, as Mr. e'19 Hanington, son of Mr. Harrington, draper, Carl?j was walking along the Penrith-road, a little b?* Harrowby Hill, he was confronted by a couple of  each of whom presented a pistol to his breast, and í manded his money or his life. Mr. Harrington StDPdl not to parley with such ugly customers, but struck a91 4, their pistols with his hands and dashed between theol and was soon beyond the reach of their deadly weapo r This sort of outrage is certainly a novelty in CiUO"* land.-Ca)-lisle Patriot. A pedestrian travelling in Ireland met a man, j asked him rather gruffly why the miles were so plauglel long, when the Hibernian replied, "You see, let honour, the roads are not in good condition, so we glf very good measure." -01,

LONDON MARKETS, MONDAY, FEB. 26. MARK-LANE.—The supply of wheat from Essex, &e'd and Suffolk this morning was again very small, and eO slowly, at the prices of this day se'nnight. Foreign 111 e' a retail inquiry, and was generally disposed of at iLf duction of Is. per quarter. Barley of all must be written Is. per quarter cheaper. Beans aretb" turn in favour of the buyer. 'Ve observe no in the value of peas. Oats are a heavy sale, at 6d. 1" quarter decline. LONDON AVERAGES. d Wheat.. 3184qrs. 2 8 1 Rye. 15 qrs. 1 6 ol Barley ..2917 1 10 4 Beans.. 647 1 » J Oats 6814 0 18 7 Peas 513 1 14 AVERAGE PRICE OF SIX WEEKS. Weekending Feb. 17,-Imperial:- General Weel! Average.—Wheat, 47s. Od.; Barlev, 29s. 8d.; Oats, >■' 2d. Rye, 26s. 9d.; Beans, 29s. 9d.; Peas, 34s. 4d. Aggregate Average of six weeks which governed Dy. —Wheat, 47s. Ocl. Barley, 31s. Od.; Oats, 13s. 3 Rye, 2Ss. 3d.; Beans, 33s. 8s.; Peas, 37s. 3d. QUANTITY OF FOREIGN GRAIN EXTERED FREE HOME CONSUMPTION DURING THE WEEK. EN1>Ø FEBRUARY 22.  Wheat, Foreign qrs 317!) Beans qrs. 23^ Barley 9"75 1 Peas 2'06 Oats, U6lG Flour brls. 23^ FLOUR MARKET.—Flour has hung heavily on and the miller^ report a very dull limited sale aMO014 the bakers. The nominal top price of town-made not varied, but it has been necessary, where anxio?tS? place secondary qualities (whether of home or foret? manufacture) to accept somewhat lower rates. Go French marks have sold with dimculty at 35s., and lower grades down as low as 30s. per sack. owing to its comparative scarcity has brought relati?" h ig her terms, BREAD.—The prices of wheaten Bread in the polis are from 7d. to 7id.; of household ditto, of od- v 6"1,1. per 4lbs. loaf. Her MARKET.—We have a good inquiry for the fif descriptions of Kent and Sussex Hops, and choice s?* pies of yearlings are also in demand. The supply offer is very limited. The following are the curreot quotations:—Sussex pockets, 44s. to 45s,; 'Vcald; Kent ditto, 52s, to 68s.: Mid and East Kents, ?' to 130s. SEED MARKET.—The value of Cloverseed has for soøt: weeks past been gradually creeping up. Most of t4ot held here is of inferior quality and anything really £11, would, therefore, command high prices, which circuto, stance causes quotations to range very wide. To-dllt there was not much business doing, the wet weatbe having interfered with sowing. In other seeds theo was little passing, and Canary was certainly cheaper. PROVISION MARKETS.—The arrivals last week froo, Ireland were 7,860 firkins Butter and 730 bales Bac°^ and from foreign ports 4,200 casks Butter. We ba. again to report a quiet week in Butter, and but a derate amount of business transacted for some e- scriptions rather lower prices were accepted, the deale. merely purchasing to supply their immediate demau The Bacon market was also flat, notwithstanding tv high advices from Ireland. The trade purchase vet; cautiously: we do not alter our quotations of this do4 se'nnight. About 5,000 boxes and bales of AmerlcJ1 Meat arrived, and sells slowly from 40s. to 46s. TALLOW TRADE.—Our market, both on the spot for forward delivery, is heavy. In prices, however, change worthy of notice has taken place since Mon .} last. To-day P.Y.C. on the spot is quoted at 40a. pt cwt. Town Tallow is 41s. per cwt. net cash. IiO^Sr Fat, 2s, 3d, per 81 bs. SMTTHriELD CATTLE MARKET.—The continuous <J £ cline in the value of live stock, especially beasts, in t market (though long since anticipated by us) is creati"$ no little uneasiness in the minds of the graziers g? rally. In the past week the trade has been dull alm?st beyond recollection, and prices of both beasts and sbeJp have ?iven way quite 4d. per 81b. That the returns ha been below a paying point will be obvious, when %o state that, with very few exceptions, the highest figUy realised for the best Scots, on Friday last, was on 3s. Gd, per 81bs—a much lower price than for many ye past; and the top quotation for prime old Downs in the wool did not exceed 4s. 6d. Shorn sheep selling II. 3s. 10a. per 81bs. At those rates, great difficulty Ilb experienced in effecting sales. The only mode by w?' ( prices can be ehanced is a withhldin of a portion the stock destmed for consumption in London. ? effect, however, would be but temporary as the number of beasts and sheep in Norfolk and Suffolk arc consid? ably in excess of those at any corresponding periods ol the year, and a rise in the quotations would be pro?j tive of heavy importations from France, Holland, a° a Germany. Per 81bs. to sink the offal.-Coarse and inferior hea9w 2s. 6d. to 2s. 8d., second quality do. 2s. lOd. to 3s. ad., prime large oxen 3s. Od. to 0S. 2d., prime Scots, &?.* 3s. 4(L to 3s. 6d., coarse and inferior sheep, 3.. 8d. 4s. Od., second quality do. 4s. 4d. to 4s. 8(1 prime coars woolled sheep 4s. 10d. to 5s. 2d., prime South Do'lloo 4s. 4d. to 4s. ?d., lre coarse calves, 3s. 6d. to 4s. 2d' I prime small ditto 5s. 2d. to 5s. 6d., lar?e hogs 4s. 0d. 4, 6d.. neat small porkers 3s. 8d. to 4, 4 ?., suckle calves 17s. to 20s" and quarter-old-store pigs 165. to 21s. each. Totnl suppHfs: Beasts 2,858, sheep 16,680- calves 137, pigs 240. Foreign: Beasts, 4S, sheep calves 76.

WEEKLY CALENDAR. THE MOON'S CHANGES.—First Quarter on Friday, to' 2nd of March (this day), at 57m. before 1 morn. HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES. FOR TIIE ENSUING WEEK. I Carmir- I Cardigan, Tenby  DAYS. then Bar. and and \h .LlaneIlY.? 13 risto 1. ??l iford. WI' -1-  FEB. M. H. M. H. M. H. ?' Saturday.3?0 0 j 0 ,>7111 42 1 ? Sunday 40 4,9 2 20 1 3 2 4'8 I' C) 16 }11 Monday »! 2 16 3 46 2 31 4 16 Tuesday 6?l3 46 4 53 3 38 5 V Wed 7;| 4 5215 37 4 22 6 j, Thurs: 8,i .j 45 6 30 j 5 15 7 u Friday 96 29 i 7 14 i 5 59 7 I

LONDON GAZETTE. BANKRUPTS.—(Friday, Feb. 23.)-J. 1. Baker and B. Baker, iron dealers, Woverlianipton.-J. Bust, ti ber merchant. Walsall, Sttffordshire.-B. Barrotte innkeeper, North Walghani, Niorfolk.-R. Clarke, wooll I dyer, Aldersgate-street, City.—J. Chatterton, jun., lea merchant.—J. Davies, builder, Walton-on-Thames. Davies, cattle dealer, Marnhull, Dorsetshire. H. Fe" wick, banker, Liverpool.—J. Krauss, agent, Manchester. —B. Low, miner, Hill-top, Westbromwich, Staffordshir W. Miles, stockbroker, Worcester.—J.Staddon,groce Ilolsworthy, Devonshire.—W. Scott, tronmongcr, Exetc —A. Westley, miller, South-hill and Biggleswade, Ve j fordshire.—R. Webster and R. W ebster, jun., watch an clock manufacturers, Cornhill. BANKRUPTS—(Tuesday, Feb. 27J—Jas. Scott, boO t, maker, Manchester ,-Geo, Burton, engraver, Bradfor -John Armitage, innkeeper, Linthwaite, Yorkshire- James Gill, coal merchant, Litherland, Lancashire-^ Henry Hill Spurway, brewer, Tiverton, Devonshire," J. Woodhams, grocer, Toiibridge.-T. Atterton, t11b' ster. liattlesdcn, Suftolk,- H, Bensley, bricklayer, Sou town, Suffolk.—R. Iliggins and W. Higgins, street, City.—T. Hughes, mealman, Newbury, ÈerksJIt —F. Skill, printer, High-street, Pimlico -B h01 Q. jun., and A. Edan, foreign provision merchant, Hatt0 garden, Middlesex.—W. Lomas, dealer in tools, Norwl

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEI BY THE FOLLOWING GETS:- t; LONDON Messrs. Barker and White, 33. Fleet-s tre Messrs. Newton and Co" Warwick-square; M"? ReyncH. 12, Chancery-lane Mr. Deacon, 3, WalbrOø- near the Mansion House Mr. Hammond, 27, ,LOID bard-street; W. Dawson and Son, 74, CAnnoil-stre?et Mr. C Mitchell, Red Lion Court, Fleet-street; G. H. Street, 11, Serle-street, London. <e THIS PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by a?t 1 the » bO(0 agents, and also at Peel's Conec-House, No. 1-I 7 a 178, Fleet-street; Deacon's Coffee-House, Walb O)L; and the Auction and the Auction Mart. Printed and Published in Guildhall Square, in the jtjj St. Peter, in the County of the Borough of Carm J, the Proprietor, JOSEPH HEGINEOTTOM, of Pic ton jo Carmarthen aforesaid. t' FRIDAY, MARCH 2, 1849.