The Welshman

TO THE EDITOR O" TILE WELSHMAN1. S:Thp following Lines were corLpospd on reading in the Welshman the Report of a meeting held at Bre- con for the purpose of obtaining a Normal College founded in connection with Government, on the princi- ples of secular education. They were composed in Welsli in order to attract the notice of Welsh farmers and the labouring classes to the subject. You may, if you please, insert them in the Welshman, as an ex- pression of the joy felt by the writer, in conjunction with many other friends of a sound and liberal educa- tion, at the prospect of having in Wales such an excel- lent Institution to elevate the literary and scientific condition of our countrymen. I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, W. DAVIES. Froodvale, Jinuary 1-ith, 1819. I feibion y Cvmry mae achos gorfoledd, Wrth weled y evehwyn sydd 'nawr yn pin rnysg, Mae'r gwr fu dros Coventry yn aelod o'r Senedd, Yn wresog ei ymdreeh am roi iddynt dùysg; Efe yn haelfrydig a rydd yn rhwydd-galon Lawn bum cant o bunnua at ddechreu y gwaith, 0 godi Athrofa at ddpgu athrawon Mewn celfau rlcfnyddioI, a dwy neu dair iaith. Bu hefyd gyfarfod yn nhref Aberhonddu, Gan amrvw foneddwyr o'r dref ac o'r wlad, Er tystio eu bod hwv i gvd am ymdvechu Cael addysg i'r Cymry a'i chad hi yn rhad. Mae'r gwyr haelion yn haeddn ein clodydd, 'I l ?lon vn ii. Am ell bod vn teirnln tosturi at v gwan, Eu siampl caulyned trig-olíon ein trcfydd A phleidier en cynllun gan bawb yn mhob man. Anfoner deisebau yn lluoedd i'r Senedd I ofvii am gymmorth llywodraeth ein gwlad, A brwd uydynidroched evffredin a bonedd, I bleidio addysgiaeth i'r tylawd heb naccad. Pob aelod o'r Senedd dros Walia, fo'n selog I arfer ei ddysg, ei athrylith a'i ddawn, Dros gaffael dysgeidiaeth i'r tylawd a'r anghenog, Ac yna toreithiog gynnorthwy a gawn. Pa ham rhoddir miloedd at Maynooth yn Ngwerddon, I ddysgu'r Gwyddelod i fynu yn rhad, Ac na c'iaiff y Cvmry ddim er bod yn ffyddlon, A dewr afnddifFynwyr iawnderau eu gwlad ? Pwv filwyr yn ddcwrach na hwy fu mevra rhyfeU Pwy'n dciliaid llywodraeth rhagorach na lini-y ? A phwy dros y goron poeth ryfel [pwy ? Mewn brwydrau o lfaen Cymry ? A ocs neb eill ddweud Mae'r Cymry fel cenedl yn bobl rinweddol, 'Does eisiau am filwyr i'w cadw mewn hedd, Nid fel y Gwyddelod yn gorph gwrthlywyddol Yn galw am e11 gostwng bob dydd trwy y cledd. Os rhydd y llywodraeth ddvsgeidiaeth i'r Cymry, Ilwy ddeuant yn-genedl fasnachol cyn hir, Ac hefyd dysglaeria-nt mewn celfau uchelfri, Ar fyr yn gyfartal i neb yn ein tir. Cawn etto ryw Illtyd, neu Gildas neu Asser, Os ini Athrnfa'r llywodraeth a gwyd, A dunawd, a Dewi, a Phndrig, a llawer Fel Rhyddmarch a Sulien, a'r gwyeh Edward Llwyd. Cydgoded v Cymry en lief at v Senedd, Nes hyddo'r llywodraeth yn gwrando eu llais, A rhoi iddynt addysg a'i dygo i anrhydedd Fel na bo gwahaniaelh rhwng Cymry a Sais. .Nawr ca'r Ymneillduwr a'r glanwedd Eglwyswr, Y Trefnydd a'r Crynwr, a'r Wesley heb wahan, Y Calvin, a'r Armin, y Trin, a'r L'ndodwr, Gant oil yr un groesaw i ddyfod yn m!a'n 'Does yma drawsfeddiant, na dim trawslvwodraeth, Yn cael eu hamcanu ond pob peth yn rhydd, A phawb yn ymdrcchu coleddu dysgeidiaeth Heb ddadlu'n afreidiol erthyglau ein ilydd. Caiff pawb fel eu gilydd eu cywir addysgu, Yn mhrif egwyddorion celfvddvd ac iaith, A phawb dros 'i hunan gaiff ryùdid i farnu Mewn pethau crefyddol, a threfnu ei daith. Gwyr lien, a gwyr Ileyg do'ent. 'nawr i gvdwaeddi, I fynu a'r eoleg, mae'r cynllun yn ddoeth, Mne'n unol a rhvddid, manteisiol vw imi, Gael dysg heb ammodau pleidgarol a chaeth. Mae'r wlad yn aeddfedu, mae'r werin yn barod I dderbyn dysgeidiaeth ar ammod sydd rytJd, Dim ond iddynt g'.vwed amzvnll1111 cynddaed, Rwy'n sicr pob enaid yn llawen a fj-dd. Ceir dysgu athroniaeth a daear-fesuriaeth, Ferylliaeth, ac Alsawdd, a hanl's pob gwlad, At ltyn daearvddiacth, grammadeg, servddiaeth, A thrionglfcidraeth a ddysgir yn rhad. '-M ae eiiati dv, Iae eisian dysgcidiacth helaethach i'r Cymry, Medd pawb o Gaergybi i ardal Caerdydd, 'Rhyn dd'wedir o Ddinbych i gylchoedd Tv-Ddewi Yw eisiau dysgeidiaeth ar Gymru y sydd. Mae'r wlad yn dihuno, mae'r werin mewn cyffro, A phob math o Gvmro vn teinilo mawr chwant, I weled v Cymry'n cael dvgiad i fvnu, Trwy roddi manteision i'r tylodkm a'r plant. Mae ambdlllIl eisoes yn dysgu'r ieuenctvd, A plileser drgymmar yw ganddo y gwaith, O'u dwyn hwy i fynll, rnewn llawer celfyddyd, A'u dysgu i ddeall grammadeg dwy iaith. Ond nid ydyw'r cvfryw ond bach mewn rhifcdi, Mawr ahvad am rngor sydd yma a thraw, Os Coleg Xormalaidd geir i Aberhonddu, Mae gobaith y cawn ein digoni maeslaw. Blant tylodion ein siroedd, gwnewch gvdorfoleddu, Mae'r tymmor rhoir addysg i chwithau'n neshau, Mae mawnon y devrnas 'ri .,iwr yn PCTIderfvnu Nas eaffoch chwi'n hwy ruewn tywvilwcli barhau. I roodvalc Academy. W. DAVIES. I

THE FLYING POST-OFFICE. j This office, which every evening flies away from Lon- don to Ghgow, and wherein government clerks are busily employed in receiving, delivering, and sorting letters all the way, is a narrow, carpeted room, twenty- one feet in length and about seven in breadth, lighted by four large reflecting lamps, inserted in the roof, and by another in the corner for the guard. Along about two-thirds of the length of this chamber, there is affixed to the side wall a narrow table or counter,coveredwith green cloth, beneath which various letter-bags are stowed away, and above which the space up to the roof is divided into six shelves, fourteen feet in length, each containg thirty-five pigeon-holes, of about the size of the little compartments in a dove cote. At this table, and immediately fronting these pigeon-holes, there were standing, as we flew along, three post-ctfiee clerks. intently occupied in snatching up from the green cloth counter, and in dexterously inserting into the various pigeon-holes, a mass of letters which. lay before them, and which, when exhausted, were instantly replaced from baas which the senior clerk cut open, and which the guard who had presented them s hook out for assort- ment. On the riht of the chid clerk, the remaining one-third of the carriage was filled nearly to the root with letter-bags of all sorts and sizes, and which an able- bodied post-office guard, dressed in his shirt sleeves and laced waistcoat, was hauling at and adjusting according to their respective brass labels. At this laborious occu- pation the clerks continue standing for about four hours and a half—that is to say, the first set sort letters from London to Tamworth, the second from Tamworth to Prpston, the third from Preston to Carlisle, ar.d the fourth letters from Carlisle to Glasgow. The clerks employed in this duty do not permanently reside at any of the above stations, but are usually removed from one to the other every three months. As we sat reclinIng and ruminating in the corner, the scene was as interest- ing as it was extraordinary. In consequence of the rapid rate at which we were travelling, the bags which were hanging from the thirty brass pegs on the sides of the office had a tremulous motion, which at every jerk of the train was changed for a moment or two into a slight rolling or pendulous movement, like towels, &c., hang- ing in a cabin at sea. While the guard's face, besides glistening with perspiration, was—from the labour of Stooping and hauling at lettcr-bas-as red as his scarlet coat which was hanging before the wall on a little peg, until at last his cheeks appeared as if they were shining at the lamp immediately above them almost as ruddily as the lamp shone upon them-tlie three clerks were actively moving their right hands in all directions, work- ing vertically with the same dexterity with which com- positors in a printing-office horizontally restore their type into the various smail compartmrnts to which each letter belongs. Sometimes a clerk was seen to throw into various pigeon-holes a batch of mourning letters, all directed in the same handwriting, and evidently an- nouncing some death then one or two registered letters wrapped in green crn-crs. For some time another eJerk was solely employed in stuffing into bags, newspapers for various destinations. Occasionally the guard, leaving his bags, was seen to poke his burlev head out of a large window behind him into pitch darkness, enlivened by the occasional passage of bright sp-rks from the funnel pipe of the engine, to ascertain by the flashing of the lamps as he passed them the precise moment of the train clearing certain stations, in order that he might record it in his time-bill." Then again, a strong smell of burning sealing-wax announced that he was sealing up and stamping wi'htIiepost-orHce seal, bags, three 0'1' four of which he then firmly strapped together for de- livery. All of a sudden, the flying-chamber received a hard, sharp blow, which resounded exactly as if a cannon shot had struck it. This noise, however, merely an- nounce(I a station-post that we were at that moment passing, but which was already far behind us, had just been safely delivered of four leather letter-bags, which, xm putting our head out of the window, we saw quietly lying in the far end of a large strong iron-bound sort of landing-net,or cradle,whicli the guard a few minutes before had, by a simple movement lowered on purpose to receive them. But. not only had we received four bags, hut at the same moment, and apparently by the same blow, we had, as we fiew by, dropped at the same "tation, three bags, which a post-office authority had been waitinz there to receive. The hlow that the pen- ,([(,nt bag of letters, moving at the rate say of forty miles an hour, receives in being suddenly snatched away, must be rather greater than tha which the flving one receives on being suddenly at that rafe dropped on the road. Both operations, however, are effected by a pro- f "° *1 tV<" fl vum niwf.j i' Vicp coming su d iririw'Xfhn.' (' ('j\tI:i; I STEAM V. THE TURF. I A good many years ago one of the stoutest and hardest riders that ever crossed Leicestershire undertook to perform a feat which just at the moment attracted the general attention, not only of the country, but of the sporting world. His bet was, that if lie might choose his own turf, and if he might select as many thorough-bred horses as he liked, he would undertake to ride 200 miles in ten hours The newspapers of the day descrihed exactly how" tiie 'squire was dressed —what he had been living oii--liow he at the word Away he started like an arrow from a bow-how gallantly Tranby, his favourite racer, stretched himself in his gallop-how on arriving at his second horse he vaulted from one saddle to another--how he then new over the surface of the earth, if possible, faster then before—and how, to the astonishment and amidst the acclamations of thousands of spectators, he at last came in-a winner Now, if at this moment of his victory, while with dust and perspiration on his brow —his exhausted arms dangling just above the panting flanks of his horse, which his friends at each side of the bridle were slowly leading in triumph-a decrepit old woman had hobbled forward, and in the name of Science had told the assembled multitude that before she became a skeleton she and her husband would undertake instead of '200 miles in ten hours, to go ■500 that is to say, that for every mile the 'squire" had just ridden she and her old man would go two miles and a half—that she would, moreover, knit all the way, and that he should take his medicine every hour, and read to her just as if they were at h(,me-la;;tly, that they would undertake to perform their feat, either in dark- ness or in daylight, in sunshine or in storm, "in thun- der, lightning or in rain"—who, we ask, would have listened to the poor maniac?—and yet how wonderfully would her prediction iTave been now fulfilled! Nay, waggons of coals and heavy luggage now a-davs fly across Leicestershire faster and farther than Mr. Osbaldestone coull go, notwithstanding his condition and that of all his horses.—Quarterly Review. I RATHING IX THE LAST CKNTUUY. I The bath for a long time was a fashionable amusement for the ladies. A foreign traveller, who visited England towards the end of the last century, speaking of those in this city, says, In the morning the young lady is brought in a close-chair, dressed in her bathing-clothes, to the Cross Bath. Then the music plays her in the water, and the women who attend her present her with a little fimdinq dish like a basin, into which the lady puts a handkerchief and a nosegay, and of late a snuft-box is added. She then traverses the bath, if a novice, with a guide; if otherwise, by herself; and having amused herself nearly an hour, calls for her chair and returns home." The while the lady thus amused herself with her little floating dish, she was well aware of being the cynosure of neighbouring eyes for the gallery of the bath was generally the resort of young gentlemen who ogled the fair to their hearts' content. There is a story told of a gentleman once looking at his wife while she was bathing in the King's Bath, and who was so charmed with her increase of beauty that lie could not help complimenting her upon it, which a king of J3ath hearing, he instantly took him by the heels and hurled him over the rails into the water—by way of marking, we suppose, his sense of the impropriety and mauvais ton of admiring one's own partner.— The Land we Live in, by Charles Knight. I THE HATH HOSPITAL. I I I The Dath General rlospital was originated by Deau Nash, 1738. There is a presence about the building which always strikes the stranger in his rambles about the city. Charity covereth a multitude of sins, and we suppose the Beau, in its erection, considered that he should expiate the crime of passing a life in foolishness and utter vanity. His position enabled him to command, the pockets of a great number of persons—in fact, as king, he could dip into his subjects' pockets with almost as much impunity as other monarchs, and the sums he collected for this institution were accordingly great. An anecdote is told of the art with which lie managed to make indifferent people bleed," that is worth repeat- ing. Whilst in Wiltshire's rooms (a celebrated gambling house of the day) one morning, collecting money for the hospital, a lady entered who was more remarkable for her wit than he; charity, and not being able to pass by him unobserved, she gave him a pat with her fan, saying, "You must put down a trifle for me, Nash, for I have no money in my pocket." Y'es, madam," said he, that I will, with pleasure, if your grace will tell me when to stop;" then taking a handful of guineas out of his pocket, he began to tell them into his white hat, One, two, three, four, five." Hold, hold!" said the duchess, consider what you arc about." Consider your rank and fortune, madam," cried Nash, and don't interrupt the work of charity; eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen." Here the duchess stormed, and caught hold of his hand. Peace madam," replied Nash, you shall have your name written in letters of gold, madam; sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty." "I won't pay a farthing more," said the duchess. Charity hides a multitude of sins," replied Nash. Twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty- four, twenty-five." "Nash!" at length broke out the lady, I protest you frighten me out of my wits Lord, I shall die Madam, you will never die doing good and if you do, it will be better for you," and was about to proceed but perceiving her grace had lost all patience, a parley ensued, when he, after much alterca- tion, agreed to stop his hand, and compound with her for thirty guineas. The duchess, however, seemed dis- pleased the whole evening, and when he came to the table where she playing, she bade him stand further for an ugly devil, for she hated the sight of him (this, it appears, was the wit of the last century). But her grace afterwards having a run of good luck, called Nash to her. Come," said she, I will be friends with you, though you are a fool; and to let you see that I am not angry, there is ten guineas more for your charity. But this I insist on, that neither my name lIor the sum shall be mentioned." Until very lately it was a condition of the hospital that no inhabitant of I3ath should participate in its ucnefits. This absurd law has been very properly abolislied.-Ibid. UOMANTIC GENEROSITY.—MISS BURDETT COUTTS. I Some twenty-five or thirty years ago there resided in London an old sergeant of artillery. This person, in the course of his duties, by some means or other had been brought into frequent contact with Sir Francis Burdc-tt, who had conceived a high opinion of the sergeant, and with that homeliness and good nature which distin- guished him throughout life. the hon. baronet had been accustomed to treat the worthy sergeant with great kindliness and familiarity. One morning Sir Francis chanccd to meet his humble friend in the street; and observing him to be looking a little more anxious than t little more anX i OLIS than usual, kindly said to him, Well, X-, what are you about? You are looking duller than usual-has any- thing happened?" "Nothing very particular, your honour," was the reply, only my wife has got a son this morning—and—and—Sir Francis, now that I think of it, and if you have no objections, I should like to name him after you." Surely, surely," said the amiable old gentleman and remember, X-, when he grows up, to bring me in mind of this—perhaps I may be able to do something for the boy." The ceremony of baptism over, at which Sir Francis appeared as godfather, nothing more is said to have passed at the time. The hon. baronet, in the course of years, was gathered to his fathers; as was also the old sergeant. The boy mean- while had been sent to sea, and by application and good conduct had been promoted to the situation of mate in a merchant vessel. A few weeks ago, while in Liverpool, the young man saw what he thought a good opportunity of purchasing half of a vessel on his own account; but not being possessed of sufficient means, he wrote to his friends in Edinburgh to inquire if they could assist in the purchase. The idea now occurred to one of the young man's brothers that he might take it upon him to make Sir Francis's heiress aware of the former promise of her uncle; and a letter was accordingly sent to Miss Burdett Coutts, detailing the circumstances, and enclo- sing the young man's certificates of character. The reply to this note was received in town last week, and was couched in that magnificent style for which the lady had become celebrated. It contained no vain words, but a bank cheque for no less a sum than one thousand pounds." However extraordinary this story may appear, we have good authority fur stating it as a literal fact.— Edinburgh Xeics. 'T'\X]O'; ,OF .H< 1:1: I>1:KF. OF ,[Q:\Grc.u I I ? ?- I I i tie nrsi ivuse 01 .uoiuague, SOUll auer me peace oi 1743, observed that a middle aged man, in something like a military dress, of which the lace was much tar- nished. arid the cloth worn threadbare, appeared at a certain hour every day in the park, walking to and fro with a melancholy gait. This man the Duke singled out as likely to be a fit object for a benevolent frolic. He began, therefore, by making some inquiry, and soon learned that he was a poor, unfortunate creature, who I having laid out his whole stock in the purchase of a com- mission, had behaved with great bravery in the late war with hopes of promotion but upon conclusion of the peace had been reduced to half-pay. lie also learned, upon further inquiry, that the captain, having a wife and several children, had been reduced to the necessity of sending them into Yorkshire, whither he regularly 1 transmitted them the moiety of his half-pay, and re- served the other to keep himself upon the spot where he alone could hope for an opportunity of obtaining some advantageous situation. After some time, when every- thing had been prepared he watched an opportunity, as the captain was sitting alone busied in thought, to send his valet to him, with his compliments, and an invitation to dinner the next day. The Duke having placed him- self at a convenient distance, saw the messenger ap- proach the poor officer without being perceived he saw him start from his reverie, like a man frightened out of a dream, without seeming to comprehend what he said. He was told that the captain returned thanks for the honour intended him, and would wait upon his grace at the time appointed. When he came the Duke received him with particular marks of kindness and civility, and taking him as de, with an air of secresy and importance, told him that he had desired the favour of his com- pany to dine with him, upon account of a lady who had a particutar regard for him, and had experienced a great desire to be introduced to him, which her situation made it impossible to accomplish WithOI:t the assistance of a friend. During this discourse the Duke enjoyed the profound astonishment and the various changes that appeared in the poor captain's face; who, after lie had recovered himself, began a speech with great solemnity, in which the Duke could perceive that he was labouring in the best manner he could to insinuate that he doubted whether he was not imposed upon; and, therefore, to put an end to the difficulties at once, the Duke laid his hand upon his breast, and swore that he told him nothing that he did not believe to be true. When notice was brought, that dinner was served up, the captain en- tered the clining-rc om with curiosity and wonder; but how was this wonder increased when he beheld at the table his own wife and children The Duke had sent for them out of Yorkshire, and had astonished the lady as he had done her husband. It is more easy to con- ceive than describe the effect of a meeting so unexpected. The Duke, at length, with much difficulty seated the family at table, and persuaded them to eat. After dinner was over, a servant informed the Duke that his lawyer attended by his Grace's order. Producing a deed, which the Duke was to sign, the lawyer was directed to read it. He accordingly began to read aloud; when, to complete the astonishment of the poor captain and his wife, the deed proved to be a settlement, which his Grace had made upon them, of a genteel com- petency for life. Having gravely heard the instrument read, lie signed and sealed it; and delivering it into the captain's hands, desired him to accept it without ob- servation. For I assure you, sir, (said his Grace) that is the last thing that I would have done if I had once Ml'J.'J\of"'U'f("J v "T"

WILLIAM WILLIAMS, ESQ., (I.ATE M. P.) AND I EDUCATION IN WALES. I. P.) AND I The friends alike of the patriotic William WilHams, Esq., and of Secular Education, will be rejoiced to find from the following letter that appeared in the last Car- narvon Herald, that two pragmatical, conceited, and virulent opponents of that gentleman and his plan for ameliorating the condition cf his fellow countrymen (the Editor f the" Amserau and Mr. Evan Jones, late of Tredegar), have been at length ably shown forth in their true colours. The extracts which we have made from this letter, lengthened as they arc, will doubtless be read N-itli much interest. Silt,-As the most unscrupulous means arc industri- ously employed, at the present time, by certain parties in Wales, to prejudice the minds of their countrymen against this patriotic and noble minded man, it would not be amiss to let your readers know a little about him, and about the history of his connexion with education in Wales. Mr. Williams is a native of the parish of Llanpump- saint, near Carmarthen. He has resided in London during the last forty years. His own snccess in life is to him the best possible proof of the value of that kind of education-namely. a sound English education, which he is so anxious to impart to his poor countrymen. It was with a wish to promote the interests of Wales, and of her monoglott sons, that he got" an inquiry to be made into the State of Education in Wales, and especially into the means afforded to the labouring classes of ac- quiring a knowledge of the English language." The statistical portion of the reports is invaluable; and when the little noise made about them by interested parties shall have finally ceased—which it is nigh unto doing- they will be referred to as authorities on the statistics of education. Mr. Williams offers E.500 towards the erection of a Schoolmasters' College for Wales, and instead of ac- knowledging his liberality and patriotism, he is repre- sented as attempting to saddle the Welsh people with a State Education—in other words, he advises them to receive a portion of the taxes which they pay, for the purpose of educating their children. But I am not going to explain the Government Plan of Education. My object is to show how Mr. Williams's generous offer has been treated by certain parties in Wales, of whom it would be no breach of charity what- ever to say, that they care not one straw about the in- terests of the people, and that the only thing about which they are really concerned is their own fate and prospects, as the self-elected leaders of an ignorant and vulgar faction. These people know very well that if the monoglott, if Welshmen were to learn English, that their reign would be an end, and hence they endeavour to glorify the Welsh language, and to revive what they are pleased to style Welsh nationalities. I want your readers to know how the Editor of the Amserau' treated Mr. Williams's letter. He said that its extreme length did not admit of its being published, and that he did not agree to his opinion. It is quite true, that an Editor is not obliged to in- sert in his paper what is opposed to his own avowed sentiments on any subject. It is also quite true, that the letter was a very long one. But how did other Editors behave in this matter ? Could not the Editor of the Amserati' have inserted one single extract from Ir. Williams's letter or, if he could not devote one column of his paper to Mr. Williams's production, could he not have announced to his readers, that a wealthy countryman of theirs had just offered the handsome sum of £ j00 towards the education of their children ? Not a sdlable uttered the Editor on this matter; and if he could have had his way, the monoglott portion of his readers would never have known, that Ir. Williams had offered to serve his poor countrymen. Was this honest, straight-forward conduct, and worthy of a man, who professes to inform his readers of what it concerns them to know ? Will they thank him for suppressing this piece of information ? Let us now see, how the alleged length of Mr. Wil- liams's letter will look, when assigned as a reason for declining to insert it in the 'Amserau.' In the very same number in which a notice of Mr. Williams's letter appeared, there are two whole columns devoted to a reprint of an English article by the Hev. D. R. Stephen, on the death of Carnhxtanawc. I will only add, that the conduct of the Editor of the Amserau' towards his readers in this affair is a very strong reason for giving them an English education. This Editor knows, or ought to know, that the Welsh people cannot possibly educate their children without foreign aid from some quarter or other. This man had a son educated at Lewisham school, which is supported by the voluntary subscriptions of Englishmen, and there received a good education, by means of which he was fitted for the situation he now holds in Liverpool. The chance which this youth has of getting on in life, Mr. Williams, and other like-minded people, are extremely anxious to give to all Welsh lads, by the establishment of schools in Wales, at which they may receive such an education as would help them to obtain good situations. The Editor's son could not have been sent into any school in Wales where he would have got such an education as he received at Lewisham, because his father's resources were not equal to the expense which would be necessarily entailed thereby. And yet this same father tells his poor countrymen that they can afford to educate their children without extraneous aid And are the circumstances of Dissenting Ministers, and of the poor in Wales, so much improved since this man sent his son to Lewisham, that they can now easily do, what they could not do then, in the way of paying for the education of their children ? Are not poor Dissent- ing Ministers very glad to get their sons admitted into Lewisham school ? Have not nearly all the sons of Dis- senting Ministers, who have received a good education, been educated in part by means of foreign aid in one shape or another 5 And have not nearly all the educated portion of Dissenting Ministers themselves been educated by means of similar aid ? What of those who have en- joyed Dr. Williams's exhibition at the University ofGlas- How ? What of the vast number who have been educated at the Presbyterian College, Carmarthen, and at the Brecon College ? And yet some of these very men now turn round upon the people, and tell them they can edu- cate themselves. These folks owe everything to ttie dis- interested benevolence of their countrymen, aided by the kindness of charitable testators, and other benevo- lezit friends, and yet they would deny to the poor class from which they themselves have sprung, any foreign aid to help them out of their deplorable condition ? And do not these people know that foreign aid can come only, to any extent worth mentioning, in the shape of a parliamentary grant, as the English Dissenters have enough to do with their tnoney at home. A few sentences about a man called Evan Jones, and I shall have done. I have not the honour of his ac- qnaintance, and from all I have heard of him, I can very well afford to forego this honour. I understand he is an incessant scribbler, but that in his efforts to obtain celebrity he has failed even to attain its bastard brother —notoriety. Of the early history of this man I know nothing, but I believe he was educated at Brecon College —an institution that is supported, partly by voluntary contributions in Wales, and partly by foreign aid. The salaries of the Tutors are paid by the Congregational Board. It is found difficult enough to raise annually the requisite sum for the maintenance of the Students at this College, though all the Welsh Independents unite to bear this portion of the expences and if they had to raise the additional sum, which is now paid the Professors, it is very well known that the college could not be kept on its legs. This Evan Jones was educated at this college, which could not have had an existence, but for foreign aid and now he has the impudence and ingratitude to tell his poor countrymen that they can pay for the education of their children without any extraneous help. The Welsh people, aided by benevo- lent Englishmen, helped to educate this man, and now, forsooth, that the ladder has answered the purpose of enabling him to reach a certain spot, he would like to pull it up after him, that lie may enjoy the malignant satisfaction of looking down upon the poor kindhearted folks who have given him a helping hand to escape from the drudgery which is still their own unavoidable lot. Is this person the friend of the Welsh people, aiic-I (if education ? What cares he for them or their children ? He has had all he can out of them, and now he would love to keep them down in ignorance and poverty, that he and his like may be able to reign over the-ii. This man had, it would seem, the vanity to suppose he could figure in his native land as the Welsh Miall, but his removal from the eoitoi-ship of the 'I'rincipality,' whose pecuniary interest the proprietor had sense enough to to look after, dissolved his connexion with iVales- whereat all that is good and great in Wales exceedingly rejoiced, and still rejoiceth The Welsh people may rest assured that the parties who wish to educate them, and who prove the sincerity of their wishes by large pecuniary contributions, are their friends, and not the noisy spoutcrs, and busy scribblers, who have nothing at heart nor in view, but the wish to exercise power over a people who have only to be educated, and they will fling them, and their sham theories, just where such lumber should be thrown. Wishing the cause of Education in Wales every possible success, I am, Mr. Editor, yours truly, GOGre'r nrvn FADLADEEN. 1 Godre'r Bryn, January Uth? 1349.

INSTANTANEOUS DIPLO-,ikcy.-The prospect of the establishment, of a submarine electric telegraph be- tween Folkestone and Boulogne, and thus of an instan- taneous communication between London and Paris, sug- gests many weighty and some light reflections. The possibility of an immediate interchange of messages lic- tween the governments of France and England will save our ambassador at Paris one-half of his trouble, and the nation, of course, just so much of his salary. A great economy also will, doubtless, be effected in the language of diplomacy, which will become idiomatic, pithy, and pertinent. As for instance :—" Can't you reduce that tariff Not ill the present state nf the exchequpr." "Take the duty off our claret." "Don't you wish you may get it ?" We think about interfering in Germany." "You'd better not." "What do you say to cutting down our armaments ?" We will if you will." Well, if you will we will." Come, then, you begin." "No, you." "After you is manners." Captain Hawser complains that you have insulted our flag." No such thing." "Pax or helium f" "Pax." "Stop thief!" Who ?" "Five feet ten inches, light hair, and squints." "Oblige our Bank with a loan." "How much i" "?" Only a million." We're too hard up." Lon- (loti quiet "Tolerably. How's Paris r" "All right." The onty objection to a submarine telegraph between the two countries, that we can see, is, that any shuck originating in France is felt quite soon enough in Eng- land already.—ranch. How TO SPLIT PAPER.—Procure two rollers or cy- linders of glass, or amber rossin or metallic amalgam, strongly excite them by the well-known means, so as to produce the attraction of cohesion, and then with pressure pass the paper between the rollers. One-half will adhere to the under roller and the other to the upper roller, and the split will be perfect. Cease the excitation and remove each part.—Communicated. IIOLI.OWAY'S PILLS. EXTRAORDINARY fUllE OF ASTlDLL-J ercmiah Casey, residing at No. I, Compton- place, Brunswick-square, had suffered from a chronic asthma for more than three years. This poor man was so great a sufferer, that he did not (lare to go to bed for fear of the phlegm choking hiin indeed, he could not lay his head upon a table for half an hour, lest he should be suffocated. Nevertheless this person is now labouring from morning to night, sleeps as well as ever in rnnd bv the

IRELAND. The Lord-Lieutenant has appointed Mr. Pierce Ia- hony as Clerk of the Crown to the Irish Court of Queen's Bench, vacant by the demise of Mr. Bourne. THE WRITS OF ElmoR.-It is said that three of the State prisoners convicted of high treason at Clonmel (Messrs. Meagher, M'Manus, and O'Donohue) have determined to take no step for an appeal to the House of Lords. Mr. Smith O'Brien, if he obtain the requisite consent of the Crown, will, it is said, proceed with his writ of error. The Queen v. Duffy.—Judgment against the Crown. —Mr. Justice Perrin, at the sitting of the Court on Thursday morning, delivered jugment, on the applica- tion of the Attorney-General to have final judgment entered on the partial overruling of the indictment. He decided that the application must be refused, and that the prisoner must be allowed to plead over. His lordship then ordered the commission to be adjourned to the 6th of February on the ground of the state of business in the court and of inconvenience to the jurors. Sir Colman O'Loghlen applied for permission to admit the prisoner to bail. The court, however, refused to entertain the application. The judges on the next com- mission will be Mr. Justice Ball and Mr. Justice Jackson. APPLICATION TO ADMIT MR. DUFFY TO HAIL.—The everlasting case of "The Queen against Duffy" was once again brought before the public on Saturday even- ing, an application having been made in the Queen's Bench to allow the prisoner to appear in court for the purpose of swearing an affidavit, setting forth the grounds upon which he seeks permission to be admitted to bail. It was, however, decided to be sufficient that the Clerk of the Crown should proceed to Newgate prison, where Mr. Duffy is still confined, and there take the affidavit. DONEGAL.—Mr. Conolly, of Cistietoivn, has addressed the electors of Donegal as a candidate for the represen- tation of the county, vacant by his father's death. He is a strict Church and State" man. KIXG'S COUNTY.—The Hon. Charles Fitzwilliam is a candidate for the seat about to be vacated in the King's County. SYMPTOMS OF REVIVED AGITATION.—Arrangements have been in progress for the bringing out of a new journal which, it is said, is to be the accredited organ of the Repeal Association. The paper is, it is said, to be published every evening, and has for its leading patrons Alderman Timothy O'Brien, M.P., Mr. John Reynolds, M.P., and Mr. Wm. Ford, town clerk. INCENDIARISM.—There has been another fire in the vicinity of Newtownards, in Ulster, the estate of the Marquis of Londonderry, one of the best landlords in the United Kingdom. On Friday night a haystack of about sixty tons, the property of Mr. James Wallace, of Newtownards, was set on fire, and a portion de- stroyed. Two more incendiary fires have been reported from the county of Down. They were committed on the properties of the Rev. Mr. Houston and Mr. Roddy. In consequence of the state of Down, the Lord-Lieute- nant has sent additional police to the stations at Dun- donald and Newtownbreda. DEATH OF COLONEL KER, OF MOUNTAIN LODGE.— We have to announce the death of one of the oldest of the gentry of the county Monaghan. Colonel Ker departed this life on Monday last, at the advanced age of ninety-three years. He was for many years lieut colonel of the Monaghan Militia, and senior magistrate of the county. His estates in Meath and Monaghan devolve upon his nephew, Wm. A. Williams Ker, Esq. of Mount Carmel. DUBLIN, SrXDAY EVENING.-Tlie city has been visited by another storm it commenced last night, the wind being nearly due west, and continued to blow with violence up to post hour this evening. The Irish anti- free trade journals ex press serious alarm at the enor- mous glut of grain which is daily arriving from foreign ports. A Cork paper says that nearly a million quarters are now in bond waiting only for the 1st of February to be launched on a depressed market, and every day the quantity receives an augmentation. Further incendiary fires have taken place in the county of Down one of the perpetrators of these outrages has been arrested and committed for trial. The cholera is on the decrease in Belfast; only ten cases had occured within the last three days, five of which proved fatal. The Right Rev. Dr. Walsh, the Roman Catholic Bishop of Cloyne and Ross. The deceased prelate was highly respected by all classes. He was a decided opponent of political agitation.-The Times. AN INCENDIARY SHOT BY A YorXG FEMALE.—On Wednesday evening a farmer in respectable circum- stances, Mr. Orr M'Veagh, residing at Ballylenaghan, three miles and a half from Belfast, had seen, about eight o'clock, two men, respectably dressed, in a field adjoining his stack-yard. His two daughters, Grace and Margaret, were with him these three, with a servant, comprised the whole of the family. The eldest girl, Grace, at once challenged the men, asking them what they were doing there. One of the men replied "we arc watchmen, and are going in the direction of Knock- bracken; you may go to bed, and feel quite safe, for we will keep watch for you." Suspecting the intentions of the men, the family did not go to bed, but continued watching until midnight, when the father went to bed, leaving his daughters, who had armed themselves well, to watch the premises. About one o'clock the girls dis- tinctly heard the sound of a jaunting car stopping nearly opposite the house, which is distant about 15 perches from the road side. At once the two females prepared to face the danger, whatever it might be, and concealed themselves outside the house. In the course of a few minutes they heard a number of persons speaking toge- ther in an adjoining field. Breathless with attention and anxiety, they listened to the conversation, and sud- denly they heard a cry from the party of Watch watch! David Catherwood's and David Musgrove's stacks are in flames Miss M'Veagh suspected this to be a ruse to withdraw them from their watch, or to ascertain whether any watch was really being kept; so the two girls never uttered a word, nor stirred a step from the spot where they stood concealed. Two of the party then approached the stack-yard. Just as a ruffian was about to apply a light to the hay-stack, Grace M'Veagh exclaimed aloud, "What is this? What are > you doing ?" The fellow made no reply, but drew back. Miss M'Veagh cried out, "Stand!" and immediately fired the musket with which she was provided, and which was double charged with swan drops, slugs, and small pebbles. The man instantly fell back without uttering a groan. His comrade, who had left the rest of the party with him to fire the stack, then rushed forward, crying, If the devil himself was there I would set it on fire!" As he came over towards the stack Margaret M'Veagh met him full in front, armed with an old yeo- manry bayonet fastened at the end of a pole, and made several thrusts at his face, wounding him severely. He, too, fell back. The rest of the party, seven in number, then made a rush towards the young women, who still bravely stood their ground, and one of the miscreants discharged a pistol at Miss M'Veagh, and one of her hands is so deeply marked with the stain of the powder that she has since been unable to wash it out. The party then raised up their fallen comrades, one of whom must have been killed by the discharge of Miss Veagh's musket, dragging the other to a heap of stones, which lay a few yards distant. Meanwhile, Miss M'Veagh, who still kept her position, cried out, Stand, or I will fire again, I have a brace of pistols." Hearing this the entire party fled from the field, leaving the dead or dying man behind them on a heap of stones. At length, dreading the return of the ruffians, the two valiant girls, half fainting with fatigue and excitement, returned to the house to rouse their father, who was still asleep. On getting up and learning the circumstances, Mr. M'Veagh sent a messenger to inform the police at Newtownbreda. Before the arrival of the police, how- ever, Mr. M'Veagh and some of his neighbours, who had assembled at the place, found a military sort of cap on the spot where the man whom his daughter shot had fallen. It was perfectly riddled with slugs and pebbles, and the inside was saturated with blood. Along with the cap was also found a quantity of lucifer matches, newly invented fire lights," and a razor in a new case. Before, however, Mr. M'"Veagh, or any of his family had gone out of the house a second time, the incendiaries had contrived to removd the body of their associate. A lengthened investigation into the circumstances was made. Informations were sworn but it is not known whether anything else, calculated to afford a clue to the whereabouts of the ruffians, transpire^.—Belfast Seles Letter.

A MORALIST BITTEN.—Campbell went to Paisley races, got prodigiously interested in the first race, and betted on the success of one horse to the amount of £ 50 with Professor "W ilson. At the end of the race he thought that he had lost his bet, and said to Wilson, "I owe you E,30, but really, when I reflect r that you are a professor of moral philosophy, and that betting is a sort of gambling only fit for blacklegs, I cannot bring my conscience to pay the bet." Oh," said Wilson, "I very much approve of your princi- ples, and mean to act upon them. In point of fact, yellow cap, on whom you betted, has won the race; and, but for conscience, I ought to pay you the £,50, but you will excuse me." -Battie's Life of Campbell. A FAIR DEMAND.—The Constitutionnel tells a story of an American young lady who has just been married to a captain in the navy. The bridegroom having been ordered to join his ship, the bride wrote to the secretary of the navy, and referred him to the 5th verse of the 2lth chapter of Deuteronomy, which says, When a man hath taken a new wife, he shall not go out to war, neither shall he be charged with any business but he shall be free at home one year, and shall cheer up his wife which he hath taken." LITTLE STORIES FOR LITTLE POLITICIANS, IX WORDS OF ONE SYLLABLE. — There was a small boy whose name was John Bull, and he felt much pain from a rod; not that he was a bad boy who ought to have the rod, but that those who did rule him did love to lay it on him so hard, that he could not bear it. Now one day John did find the rod, and when he saw it, he was much struck by some twigs, which he did twig as those which had much struck him, and struck him too much, as lie thought, and he had good cause to think so. So when he saw the twigs which did bear on him too hard, he did make up his mind to pull at them till he should pull them quite out, and make an end of them. So a friend did chance to call on him, whose name was Dick Cob, who said if John would lend his own hand to pull out the twig that stung the most, lie, Dick Cob, would lend his hand too, aird he had no doubt, that they would both gain their end if they both gave a long pull, a strong pull, and a pull at the right time. So John Bull and Dick Cob did give the long pull,and the strong pull, and the twig came out quite well; so that the rod did not hurt poor John Bull half so much as it once had done, and his back could now bear all that for his good it was right to put on it.—Punch. LoVl WILL FIND A WAY.—A young gentleman fell in love with the daughter of his emplyer; but from cer- tain ideas of wealth, a match was opposed by the father. The consequence was, that the young man was forbidden to visit his employer's house. The old gentleman was in the habit of wearing a cloak, and the young couple made him the innocent bearer of their correspondence. The young lady would pin a letter inside the lining of the old man's cloak, and when the father returned to the counting house and threw off bis cloak, the young lover would go and take out the lady's epistle, read it, and send the reply back in the same manner. Love and

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. I FRANCE. One result of the revolutionary demonstrations of the period will scarcely have been anticipated. It is not often that the populace become ashamed of their own freely chosen representatives. A natural vanity and pride rather lead them to uphold the worst acts, even, of those who are the creatures of their will. If, however, we sum pp the residuary facts of a year of turmoil, we shall find that the greatest losers by the game are ex- actly those who at the outset appeared to hold the winning cards. All rumours and threats of war notwith- standing, kindoms and empires, their boundaries and mutual relations, remain substantially the same. Kings, Emperors, and Princes-all the temporal sovereigns save two-still hold their thrones, and wield their power, if not in name at least in fact, more securely than ever. The people, too, remain the same, holding, but not ex- ercising, some fresh political rights, and still bearing the main burthens of the country still supplying, through the taxes, the pecuniary means for national follies, still suffering the heaviest evils consequent on the derangement of trade and the bankruptcy of the national exchequer. A King of the Barricades changed for a President of a mock republic a spiritual sovereign confined to his spiritual sovereignty a free constitution put on paper and sworn to by Royalty, but as yet not realized in action these are the popular gains in the sense attached to them by democracy. But the Conservative or reactionary party have one item to place on the per contra side, in itself enough to neutralize these imaginary advantages. Representative Assemblies are in great disgrace. They are found out. The "constituent" variety, especially, is quite out of favour with his Majesty the mob. In Austria, in Prussia, and now in France, the Constituent" Assembly has shown the same absurd tenacity of power. It will neither die heroically by a suicidal resolution, nor will it allow others to terminate its career with decent honours. In France, above all, the people are heartily tired of their assembly. It is in vain that Constituent" loudly proclaims that it only desires to remain for the people's good; the people will have none of it. They have done their, own work, shown their own will, by choosing Buonaparte their President; and they do notdcsire that he should have a body of 700 deputies as viceroy over him. An Assembly, on the other hand, is resolute in maintaining its attitude of self-denying benevolence. It will continue to work for the people, whether they will or no. The people send in addresses from all parts of the kingdom, some of them couched in language not the most respectful, giving the Deputies the broadest possible hints that they arc de trop; but the Deputies are inexorable. Do they, then, covet martyrdom ? Do they desire the eclat of a COIl]) d'etat, with a General Wrangel to hunt them out of their House," to riding schools and all manner of contemptible places of refuge ? Or are they content to wait, like the gentlemen at Kremsier, till they die of public contempt -a mere wrangling crowd, dropping its numbers daily ? It is only justice, however, to the most rational mem- bers of this life-loving body to say that they form a most respectable minority. M. Rateau's commission carried by only a majority of one, shows a large aggregate of sense in the mass but the hopes they thus inspired we find are unaccountably dashed by the fact that of fifteen members of that commission only one, M. Combarel de Layval, has had the courage to protest against the pro- tracted existence of the Assembly. It is obvious that such a state of things cannot last. With the people and the Government both against them, the Assembly can- not long hold out. There must be a compromise or a coup d'etat; but the latter is much dreaded in France at this time, when commercial prosperity seems about to return. It would revive exasperations, and furnish pre- texts for disturbance. A compromise is more than probable. The Assembly will, perhaps, vote three only of the organic laws, and then dissolve. One of those will fix the responsibility of the President. The re-election of M. Marrast as Presi- dent of the Assembly by a very large majority, proves that there is still a strong republican bias in that body. Vice-President of the Republic is not yet appointed. M. Odillon Barrot has declined to be nominated, not wish- ing to embarrass the Ministry. M. Vivien is the next in the list of persons likely to be nominated. The preliminary proceedings in the case of Barbes, Blanqui, Sobrier, Louis Blanc, Capidiere, &c., have been concluded, and those persons are ordered for trial before the assize court at Paris. PARIS.—THE VICE PRESIDENCY.—On Thursday evening, in the National Assembly, M. Leon Faucher, Minister of the Interior, read a decree signed by the President of the Republic, nominating M. Boulay dela Meurthe, General Baragnay d'Hilliers, and M. Vivien, as the persons from among whom the Assembly is to choose the Vice-President of the Republic, M. Vivien will in all probability be the person chosen. M. Odillon Barrot has proposed the following bill :— The authors and accomplices of the attempt of May 15th, now ordered, on January IGtli, for trial, by the Court of Appeal of Paris, to be sent before the Na- tional High Court of Justice. The National High Court of Justice to meet at Bourges in the month fol- lowing that in which the present bill is promulgated." AUSTRIA. The Austrian Government still continues to display much moderation, although provoked by the intractabi- miicl) nio,ler,-ttior, The attempt of nle btter to establish lit), of the I)iet. the dictum that all power emanates from the nation, and the consequent protest by Count Stadion on behalf of the old system of monarehial rights and paternal govern- ment, brought the opposing parties into direct conflict. The Assembly affected to consider that the protest of Count Stadiou deprived them of the freedom of speech on this most important branch of those fundamental laws of the empire which it is their mission to consti- tute. Count Stadion, on the other hand, seemed to think that enough had been done in the assertion of popular rights, and that after the signal victory obtained by the imperial power over anarchy in every part of the empire, it was rather too much for the Assembly to pre- tend to commence a new revolution. In England, where the genius of the people is practical, such a declaration of the abstract rights of the nation might safely be made but in Germany, where the long repression of opinion has generated a habit of indulging in the wildest theory, things are far different. Such a basis established, and there would not be a power or authority (except the military) in the empire, from the Emperor down to the meanest burgomaster, ere the lapse of twelve months. On the 8th and 9th inst., the Assembly were still discussing this question, with powers wholly dispro- portioned to their exorbitant ideas of abstract right, and under a hint that the cabinet would rather dissolve the Assembly than yield. At length, on the 10th, the decla- ration of the rights of the nation was thrown out by a large majority. From Hungary the intelligence disappoints all the pre-visions of a few months ago. Then, the Hungarians had the reputation of being one of the most gallant mili- tary nations of Europe. The intense nationality of the Magyars, strengthened by the constitutional privileges they enjoyed, seemed to promise a long and vigorous struggle against the attempt to incorporate them with the rest of the empire. And, until the appeal to arms was finally made, they seemed still to be able to hold the government of Austria in check. Even when the Imperial forces had entered Hungary, and seemed to be driving all before them without opposition, Europe could not believe but that the Hungarians were retiring in accordance with some deep-laid plan, the object of which was to draw Prince Windischgratz into the heait of the country. It was not supposed that the Magyar race would surrender without a struggle. The grandilo- quent bulletins of the Austrian generals were suspected, because either no intelligence, or most contradictory statements, came from the other side. But now the condition of the parties is better understood. It is seen that not the Hungarian nation, to which the aristocratic element has contributed its military character, but an Hungarian faction, chiefly democratic, has been engaged in this struggle, to which the taking of Pesth seems to have brought the natural conclusion. By the last advices, troops were about to march in quest of Kossuth and his adherents. THE GERMAN PARLIAMENT. I The Frankfort Assembly have again eaten humble pie." Such pretensions as theirs could not, it was ob- vious, be sustained without powers to enforce them. The determined stand made by Austria against being mediatised has brought the question to an issue as far as that empire is concerned. So far from being able to absorb Austria in the theoretical German union, the men of Frankfort find themselves compelled to witness and to acquiesce in the total secession of that power, which, to all appearance, seeks to shift its basis of strength from Germany and the Germans altogether. The Frankfort Assembly, in a house numbering 455 members, voted on the 13th, by 2Gl to 2'24, an authority to the minister of the empire" to negotiate with Aus- tria in respect of her German provinces as with a foreign state, and upon the federal principle. This secession of Austria from the struggle for power over Germany still further clears the field for the ambition of the King of Prussia, who, if he can maintain his ascendancy in his own kingdom, may hope yet to wear the imperial crown of Germany. With the exception of the Bavarian King, there is no one who has the slightest pretension to that honour but himself. ITALY. I The Tope has presented to all good Catholics in general—and to his wicked and insubordinate children, the people of the Roman States in particular-a new- year's gift, in the shape of an address which he issued from Gaeta on the 1st instant. For so mild and bene- volent a being, it is couched in very strong language so strong that, notwithstanding his provocations, one won- ders how so much anger can abide in that celestial mind. His Holiness complains that as yet he has received only a barren invitation to return to his capital, without even a word in condemnation of, or guarantee against the acts of fraud and violence of that inveterate band whose barbarous despotism still tyrannises over the State and Church of Rome." The Pope, it seems, thought his many protests and decrees fulminated by the feeble voice of an expiring superstition, would have terrified these naughty children but, alas they only trampled them under foot! A new, and still more monstrous act of hypocritical felony and genuine rebel- lion" they have committed, by calling the Constituent Assembly to establish new political forms in the State. This the irate Pontiff describes as heaping iniquity on iniquity—as an abominable act, absurd in its origin, illegal in its forms, and impious in its object. The rest of this benign epistle is couchcd in the same spirit of mild benediction, and it winds up by a very intelligible intimation that persons who, contrary to the Pope's command, shall take any part in the elections for that Assembly will incur the "excommunication major." His Holiness, however, before signing this document, remembers something of his spiritual character, and winds up by trusting for his restoration to the universal prayers of the Church. If all accounts be true, an in- fluence more likely to be immediately successful will be employed, in the shape of an intervention by Austria, Naples, and France. Letters from Rome, of the 8th inst., announce that the first general meeting of the Roman Electoral Asso- ciation was held on the evening of the Gth, in order to choose a committee to propose the candidates for the constituent assembly. The crowd was immense, and 24,000 votes were given. A committee of 24 members was appointed, which immediately commenced its labours. The Grand Duke of Tuscany opened the session of the legislative chambers on the 10th inst. He says the reasons for prosecuting the war with Austria still exist. His ambassador will assist at the Brussels congress, and he hopes peace will be prescnccl; but they must be prepared for war I TURKEY. I BELGRADE, JAX. S.-The Sultan has issued a firm an in which he accords to Christians the privilege of attain- ing to some of the highest dignities-even that of Pasha or Vizier. The Mussulmans have manifested great in- dignation at the publication of this ifrman. SPAIN. I There is some truth, apparently, in a number of ru- mours circulating to the effect that the column of Ca- brera, composed of 800 men, was routed on the Sth, in the neighbourhood of Vich, by the royal troops. The Carlist chief was wounded in the shoulder. Two other chiefs had submitted at Reuss, with 178 men. AMERICA. I We arc in possession of New York papers down to the 31st ult. No political event of any importance had occurred since the sailing of the Niagara steamer on the 2Gth of December. Congress was busied in the transaction of incidental business, and it was expected that no immediate dis- cussion would take place on the slavery question. According to accounts received in New York from New Orleans the cholera was raging in the latter city, and the crews of some of the western steamers had suffered so severely from the pestilence that those vessels were unable to prosecute their passages. The winter had set in with unusual severity in the northern and eastern states. The California mania would appear to be subsiding a little, as the papers are less loaded with accounts of doings at the diggings. BRUTAL Iulwlm IN THE UXITED STATES.—David Johnson, Esq., an estimable citizen of Cleveland (Ohio), was inhumanly butchered at a tavern in Marion, where he intended to make head-quarters for a time The landlord, knowing that he had a considerable sum of money on his person, sought him when about twelve miles from his tavern, and alone in a by-place, shot him, robbed him, dragged his body some distance, and de- posited it between two logs, and covered the same with brush. Johnson feigned death until the landlord left, when, soon after, as a teamster was passing by, he made himself heard to say, Put me in your wagon and drive me to the tavern as fast as possible." The teamster did so, taking him to the same tavern where he put up. On arriving, the landlord came out to take the horses, when Johnson raised his head and exclaimed, That is the man who shot nic He has two thousand dollars of my money and in ten minutes after Johnson was dead. The murderer, overwhelmed at the evidences of his gu!!t, g?vc himself up, confessed the murder, and is now in gaol.—Cleveland /7e?M. murder, and Is now in gaol.—C

MELANCHOLY ACCIDENTS.—THE MAYOR OF HART- LEPOOL DROWNED.—Often as it has been our painful duty to publish the deaths from accidental drowning in the Docks at Hartlepool, yet on no previous occasion have we felt so acutely as in this of the highly re- spected Mayor of that town, W. J. Vollum, Esq., who, in the prime of life, in the full enjoyment of health, station, wealth, and honour, presiding for the second time over that corporation, has been so suddenly re- moved from amongst them. After enjoying the so- ciety of a few select friends at his own house on Thurs- day evening last, Mr. Vollum took a walk down to the Docks, where it is supposed he had fallen over the quay, within a quarter of an hour of leaving his own dwelling, as his hat was picked up floating in the Vic- toria Dock about half-past 10 o'clock, half an hour after he had left home. The body of the unfortunate gen- tleman was discovered about 10 o'clock on Friday night, near to the place where the hat was first seen floating. The deceased was in his 38th year, a widower himself, and has left a widowed mother to lament his untimely end. He has been for many years manager of Messrs. Backhouse and Co.'s Branch Bank, at Hartle- pool, and was the owner of large household property in the town, and shareholder in the Hartlepool Dock and Railway Company. PREFERMENTS.—The Rev. W. F. Audland, Knight's Entham R., Hants, dio. Win., E208 Rev. R. H Cox, to Alverthorpe C., Yorkshire Rev. R. W. Dartnell, to New Swindon C., Wilts; Rev. W.' Talman, to Cottes- ford C. Oxon; Rev. P. Alpe, to Proprietary Chapel of Ease, Boston; Rev. W. Grice, to Sherbourne R.- Warw., dio. Wore., £110; Rev. C. M. Arnold, to Incumbency of South Lambeth Chapel, Kennington, dio. Winch. Rev. G. F. Ottey, to Isleham, Camb. dio. Ely, £ 450, with resid. Rev. J. 11. Theodosius, to St. Mary's C., Stafford; Rev. J. L. Joynes, to be an Assist.-Master at Eton Coll. Rev. A. H. Maning, to Burton-Lazard C., Northampton Rev. J. Symonds, to St. Glarius C., Cornwall; Rev. D. C. Moore to West Walton Ellen C., Norfolk Rev. G. C. Bailey to North Peckenham C., Norfolk; Rev. J. S. Hall to Brafferton C., Yorkshire Rev. W. H. Halman to Germoe C., Cornwall; Rev. T. Mitchel to Catmore R., Berks, dio. Oxf., E200 Rev. W. Palmer to be Rural Dean in the Deanery of Bridport; Rev. R. S. Hant to Cuckfield C., Sussex Rev. J. B. Stevenson, M.A.. to be Senior Assistant Master in King Edward's School, Birming- ham Rev. J. G. Lonsdale to be Secretary of the National Society; Rev. C. R. de Havilland to be domes- tic chaplain to Viscount Molesworth; Rev. T. Hutton, to St. Sepulchre C., Northampton Rev. A. H. Lodge to Rhuddlan C. St. Asaph; Rev. T. Hillyard to a canonry in Chester Cathedral, value £ 500; Rev. C. Terry to Stapleton C., Gloucester Rev. C. F. Seymour to Winchfield R., Hants, dio. Win.; £ 247, with residence. IRON v. WOOD STEAM VESSELS.—In the appendix to the Navy and Army Estimates Report, of last ses- sion, a copy is inserted of a return of the first cost and comparative annual expense of working her Majesty's packets Widgeon and Dover, the former vessel being constructed of wood in her Majesty's dockyaid at Chat- ham, and fitted with engines by Messrs. Leaward and Co., of London, and the latter an iron vessel, built by Mr. John Laird, of Birhenhead, and engines by Messrs. Fawcett and Co., of Liverpool. The trial may be considered the best that has been had of the com- parative merits of properly constructed iron and wood vessels, as the work they had to perform on the Dover station was as nearly as possible of the'same character. The following abstract is compiled from the official return above alluded to Widgeon. Dover. 'WOOD. IllOX. Tonnage, o.M. 164 224 Power of engines. 90 H.P. 90 H.P. N umber of years at work. 10;\ vrs n yrs. First cost £ 10,"121 £ 10,153 Total cost of repairs of hull 1,844 630 Average repairs of hull per 175 84 Total cost of repairs for machi- nery. 5,176 1,565 Average cost of repairs for machinery per annum 493 209 Total cost of repairs of hull and machinery. 7,020 2,195 Total average annual cost of re- pairs of hull and machinery 683 293 THE IOOTING CHOLERA.—Several inquests have been held during the week at Hackney, Kensington, St. Pancras, Chelsea, &c., upon children who had died from cholera contracted in Mr. Drouet's establishment at Tooting. The evidence adduced bore out the state- ments contained in Mr. Grainger's official report, and testified to a general character of overcrowding, under- feeding, and want of care and cleanliness throughout all the arrangements of the "asylum." Mr. Wakley, who presided at the Chelsea inquest on the bodies of five children, pursued the inquiry with great industry, and the proceedings having already lasted through two sittings oii"Tkiesday and l,'ridav, will be renewed upon Tuesday next, to which day the inquest has been adjourned. At the St. Pancras inquiry on Thursday the jury found the following verdict:—That death ensued from virulent cholera, a disease occurring to him at a time when he was suffering from the effects of insufficient diet, defective warmth of clothing, and impure air, at Surrey House, Tooting and the jury add to their verdict an expression of their regret that the directors of the poor of St. Pancras did not bind Mr. Drouct, the proprietor of Surrey Hall, to fulfil his duty to such a large number of children as they had confided to his care, under a written and a more definite contract than appears to be executed by them. At the same time the jury most emphatically condemn the practice of farming pauper children in the house of strangers, because the system engendered by it affords to unprin- cipled persons disastrous opportunities of defrauding the poor children of their proper food and clothing, in a manner that does not seem to become publicly apparent, nor to produce such adequate effects on the minds of the guardians, as to lead them to the correction of the evils which inflict the most direful effects on the help- less population of such an establishment. No new cases, it is stated, have occurred in the establishment. The total number of deaths at Tooting, or among the children who have been removed from that place, are reported to be 120. About sixty of the children remain still under treatment. A MORNING DOSE.-At Bolton, on Thursday, a pub- lican, was charged with selling drink on Sunday morning, when an old man stated that he was the party that had had the drink, and that every morning for the last forty-three" years he had swallowed by the doctor's orders," a pint of ale, with a glass of rum in it! Supposing he had had no other liquor, his morning drams had cost him upwards of £300. EARLY FOAi,On the 18th inst., at the Castle Farm, Mr. Meeson's Pantaloon mare produced a remarkable nne brown colt foal, by Faugh-a-Hallagh, which is named Pioneer."—-Staffordshire Advertiser. Tut; GAIE LAivs.-The loss caused by game, says a Nottingham paper, upon a farm is estimated at five shillings per acre-no trifling addition to the rent; but this is not all-the poacher costs the farmer, if in Southwell House of Correction, Is. 6d. per day, or 10s. Gd. per week and then, if he has a wife and family, those also have to be supported in the union- house at his expense. Such is the working of the game laws. THE NAVY ESTIMATES FOR 1849.—It is understood that these estimates, already in course of preparation for Parliament, will be on a considerably reduced scale, so as to save a million on that branch of the public ex- penditure, as compared with the last year.—Morning Post. The true way to excel in any work, is to propose the brightest and most perfect example for our imitation. We must improve by the attempt, even though we fall short of the full share of perfectioIJ.- Tillotson. LATEST COMMERCIAL INTELI,IGFNCE. (From our own California Digger.)—A penny loaf is worth its weight in gold.—Punch. Gaming was first introduced into England by the Saxons the loser was often made the slave of the win- ner, and saleable like merchandise. -=--=-- ELOPEMENT IN HIGH LIFE.—A paragraph has 9000 the round of the papers during the last week, detal < t the particulars of the elopement and marriage ? t, young nobleman, a resident, it is said, of this ?je? bourh00d (Enville), to a young woman of reat V sonal attractions, but of humble rank in life, Whoo parents reside at Cambridge, where the intimacy formed some twelve or eighteen months since, whlle. lordship was pursuing his studies at that UniverS;o¡ We believe that the nobleman referred to is the E?  Stamford and Warrington, and that the youthful P 0 after their marriage, proceeded to pass the honey?? in Italy. The affair, as may be supposed, has ?" occasion of much surm i se and not a little anin?o ,,f occasion of much surmise and not a little animafbll sion but we believe that the young lady is very aIfll. 8^ and accomplished, and that her parents are respect inhabitants of Cambridge, but lacking the gifts of and fortune, both of which have been now acqutfeO the distinguished alliance of one of the wealthiest Ofhe nobility of this country. — Birmingham Journal, young peer was 22 years old on the 7th inst. FINANCIAL PROSPECTS.—We believe we miky gratulate the more moderate and patient economi 0 the prospect of an early and considerable step 10 ) right direction. After years of ascending expense descending revenue, a return to the equilibrium, beol being a positive improvement, is an earnest of beL things to come. From all we can hear the Chance of the Exchequer will be in a condition to annoU11 early in the session a reduction in the army and A* estimates, sufficient to bring them safe within the p bable revenue of the year. The twelvemonth just efl has produced a considerable income on corn, the ¡ that in this country will ever be levied from the staf > life but, on the other hand, it has not been a jrj. year for malt. Taking therefore into account the 91' dent and substantial improvement of trade, we 00 fairly expect that the revenue, now for half a ye?, the ascendant, will soon regain the level of 1846. V' less some unforeseen danger or calamity should der? the calculation, we expect that with the revenue of 10 we shall soon combine the estimates of an earlier y?" yet without injury to any of our civil establishments) measures for internal improvement. Should suca budget be announced, the common sense and gratitlo of the nation would be exhibited by a hearty and UO nimous support, and we have no doubt will be so" hibited.-Tite Times.

LONDON MARKETS, MONDAY, JAN. 22. CORN MARKET, MARK-LANE, JAN. 21.The SUPPJ of English wheat, fresh up for this morning's marif was very small, and sold at the prices of this day S8 II night; free foreign met a slow retail inquiry, but bonded there was little doing. Fine English barley fully as dear all other sorts are very difficult of disPO5 as are also beans and peas. The oat trade is heavy, aJI¡j both free foreign and Irish must be written 6d. to Is.9 quarter lower, bonded are held at rather higher ra Foreign spring tares meet an improved demand at to 28s. per quarter. LONDON AVERAGES.. £ s. d. £ 8" í Wheat.. 4425qrs. 2 7 d6. ? Rye 4 qrs. 1 5 I Barley ..3213 1 10 3 Beans 871 1 8 Oats 1998 1 0 10 Peas ..408 1168?, AVERAGE PRICE OF SIX WEEKS. Weekending Jan. 13.—Imperial—General WeeWj! Average.—Wheat,45s. Id.; Barley, 29s. lid.; Oats, 17 S(I.. Rye, 27s. 9d.; Beans, 32s. 2d.; Peas, 35s. ad. Aggregate Average of six weeks which governed Dtlg —Wheat, 47s. Od.; Barley, 31s. Od.; Oats, 18s. Rye, 28s. 3d.; Beans, 33s. 8s.; Peas, 37s. 3d. FLOUR MARKET.—The recent reduction in Flour ?, failed to induce the bakers to buy more freely, and n trade in this article has remained in the same depress state as previously. The quantity of foreign Flour to  released at this port is not very large, but at Liverp^ there is a considerable quantity of American under loc? In our market the top quotation for barrels scarcely ? cecds 2s., and French Flour may be had at prices VW ing from 32s. to 38s. per sack, according to quality. BREAD.—The prices of wheaten Bread in the mette, polis are from 7 id. to Sd.; of household ditto, 51d to r per 41bs. loaf. PROVISION MARKETS.—In the Bacon market therl was a fair business transacted. In the early part of tO week prices declined about Is. per cwt., but at the CIOO there was rather more inquiry for choice parcels. Fret supplies of American have arrived, and are selling at 40 to 48s., according to quality, &c. BUTTER MARKET.—Our trade continues in the sa'Oo depressed state, and the bulk of stock in casks hefS? almost unsaleable, the quality being very inferior, 00 weather all against sale of such. We quote prices as und but must remark that all, except for the best autuB^ made,are quite nominal. Should markets not improve L which we see no chance), a great quantity of grease be made this season. Dorset fine, autumn made, 90s. 92s. per cwt ditto summer made, and middling, 5 to 76s. fresh, 8s. to 12s. Hoi's.—The market remains firm for the best descflPJ tions of hops at perhaps a trifling advance. The quantii1 on offer is not to any extent. SEED MARKET.—The operations in the different illal of Seeds were of little interest, and quotations of 05 articles remained nominally as on Monday last. Canaz.. seed was however, in improved request, and 4s. to per qr. dearer. TALLOW MARKET.—A fair delivery has taken pl? since our last, yet the quotations have further reced? 3d. per cwt. To-day, P.Y.C. on the spot is selling J" 41s. to 41s. 3d. per cwt. The transactions for forW^J delivery are trifling. Town Tallow, 41s. to 42s. per 00' Rough Fat has fallen to 2s. 4d. per 81bs. SMITHFIELD MARKET.—There was exhibited for sal' in to-day's market a very limited supply of foreign sto As has been the case for some weeks past, the bePí were in very inferior condition and the quality of tII, sheep and calves was indiffercnt. All breeds were e slow sale but we have no actual decline to notice in the quotations. The bullock receipts from the north c0 sisted of about 850 short horns. From Norfolk, Suffol1 Essex, and Cambridgeshire we received 1,600 SOlj short horns, &c. from the western and midlil" i counties, 400 Herefords, runts, Devons, &c. and froo Scotland, 199 horned and polled Scotts. Notvvitv standing there was a further somewhat consideral51 decline in the numbers of sheep, we have no improve ment to report in the mutton trade. The best 0 Downs may be considered steady, at prices equal Jj those paid on this day se'nnight. All other kinds sheep were in moderate request, at last week's quota tions. Most of the sheep were disposed of. In cal" the supply of which was small, comparatively Iittl. business was doing, at late rates. The pork trade in a very sluggish state at barely stationary prices. "P stock disposed, of to-day was at an average fall of hvcn per cent, compared with the corresponding market d last year. Per 81bs. to sink the offal.-Coarse and inferior beas", 3s. Gd. to 3s. lOd., second quality do. 4s. Od. to 4s. 4d,1 prime large oxen 4s. Gd. to 4s. 8d., prime Scots, <? 4s. lOd. to 5s. Od., coarse and inferior sheep, 3s. 8d. 4s. Od., second quality do. 4s. 2d. to 4s. Sd. prime co? woolled sheep 4s. lOd. to 5s. Od., prime South Do?vi" 5s. 2d. to 5s. 4d., large coarse calves, 4s. Gd. to 5s. Od" prime small ditto 5s. 2d. to 5s. 4d., large hogs 4s. 0d.1 4s. Cd., neat small porkers 4s. Sd. to 5s. 0d., suckli?' calves 17s. to 20s., and quartcr-old-store pigs 16s. to 21s. each. Total supplies: Beasts 2,750, sheep 16,10' calves 81, pigs 315. Foreign: Beasts, 44, sheep 311 calves G3.

WEEKLY CALENDAR. THE MOON'S C ![A\ GrS.-rirst Quarter onWednesd^' the 31st at .13m. past 4 afternoon. HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES' FOR THE ENSUING WEEK. jCarmar- Cardi??n Tenby ?p,.?' DAYS. then Bar. and and ,,beryst' Llanelly. Bristol. Milford. JAN. H. M. H. M. H. M. H JF;, Saturday 2711 8 0 8 50 7 35 9 56' Sunday 8 38 9 2G 8 11 9 ?. Ikiond,,iv .2)891,, 1 12 10 2 8 47 10 f, Tuesday .?0' 9 54 10 44 9 29 11 S Wed 31' 10 38 ?11 28 10 13 11 Thiir,,?day 11 28 0 18 11 3 0 49 Friday 2 0 28 1 18 0 3 1 4?7

LONDON GAZETTE. BANKRUPTS.—( Friday, Jan. 19.)—James Crisp, jull" Beccles, Suffolk, corn merchant.—J. Connell, Pop13' timber merchant.T ohn Gamble, Whitecross-street, censed victualler.—Richard Fox, Derby, stock and share dealer.—D. Boit, Bristol, sliarebroker.-Cha- l\Iaùdo'; Llangwin, Monmouthshire, timber dealer.-C. Reeve" Bath, marble mason.—J. Holley, Norton Saint PhiliP, Somersetshire, miller.—J. R. Price, Aberdare Iron-worl.s, Glamorganshire, drngist.-E. Burnell, jun., llanha^: J J. Cartwriubt, Wa? Gloucestershire, cattle dealer._ J. J. Cartwrigllt Wakt": field, corn merchant.—J. Holt, Eccleston, LacashírC., provision dealer.—J. Kyrke, Glasgoed, Denbighshir lime burner.—E. Grundy, Great Bolton, grocer. ( BANKRUPTS—(Tuesday, Jan. 23.j— J. S. Jones, 0 aii(I colotiriiian, High. I-Iolbori).-H. Watts, innkeeper Chelsea.—J. F. Everett, engineer, Red Lion-street, Clerkenwell.—S. Noden, rug manufacturer, street, Gray's-inn-road.— II. Ilughes, linen draper, Dover, Kent.—T. Core, innkeeper, Stamford, Lincoll" shire.—J. Jarvis, plane maker, Birmiiigliinj It. Brlt" well, attorney, Ilolsworthy, Devonshire.—II. V. Stroll miller, Spottisbury, Dorsetshire.—W. Cradock, ai1 tioneer, Truro, Cornwall.—T. Potter, hosier, Sheffield-^ J. Womersley and W. Womersley, delvers, Clayt° near Bradford.—S. Brownent, fruit merchant, iv, ponl.—-I Pierce, corn dealer, Chorley, Lancashire.—C- ;peilce, timber merchant, Storktol1-upon-Tees,

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEIVv BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS:— LONDON Messrs. Barker and White, 3\ Fleet-stree£ Messrs. Newton and Co., Warwick-square; Air. Reynell, 4'2, Chancery-lane Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbro^^ near the Mansion House, Mr. Hammond, 27, Ij0 bard-street; W. Dawson and Son, 7t. Cinnon-street j Mr. C Mitchell, ltel Lioi,, Court, Fleet-street; 1\ G. H. Street, 11, Serle-street, Loudon.. QV^e TuM PAPER IS REGULARLY FiL?t? by aU t??"?? agents, and also at Peel's Coffee-If?ll'l No. 1 <7 178, Fleet-street; Deacon's Coffee-House, Walbro j. ■ and the Auction Mart. Printed and Published in Guildhall Square, in the 1 jjt St. Peter, in the County of the liorough of Carmart il) th? Proprietor. JONHPH HEGINKOTTOM, ot'Picton ?", ill Carmarthen aforesaid. ,i.. FRIDAY, JANUARY 26, IS 10.