The Welshman

LONDON GAZETTE. J BANKRUPTS.—( Friday, April 9. )-Edward )h,rkint, Upper Holloway, victiialler.-T. Blackford, Little Witd" street, Lincoln's-inn-fields, horse hair mantifactarer.- A. D. Dangerfield, Salisbury-square, Fleet-street, 'pi-in ter,, -J. R. Dobson, St. Thomas's-street, Southwark, hop factor.—F. 1-1. Cawston, Earls Colne, Essex, plumber and ghozier.-T. Chapps, Lynn, dealer in toys.—Henry Worthington, Ecckshill, cotton iiiazitifiietiirer.-NVilliata Townley, Blackburn, cotton spinner.—T. Bziracloagbl Halifar* Yorkshire, woollen cloth manufacturer. BANKRUPTS.—( Tuesday, April 13.)—William Knight, wine merchant, Reading.—C. Stewart, builder, Little Saint James's-street, Saint James's.-T. Denman, stone mason, Quadrant, R(-gent-street.-E. Tibbey, diamond merchant, Frith-street, Soho.—H. H. Facey, builder. Exeter.—E. Pettet and W. Newton, commission agents, Lancaster-place, Strand.—J. D. Dunnicliff, lace manu- facturer, Nottingham.—E. Rogers, licensed victualed 11", of Great Homer-street, Liverpool. ,f E. Belli nesvsvender, Finch-lane, Cornhill.-P. Furlong, mer- chant, Liverpool.—R. Smith, butcher, Kenn, Devonshire. —R. Dickinson, maltster, Poulton in the Fyldo, Lan- cashire.

CAAMARRISKNSHIILE QUARTER SESSIONS. ( Continued from our last.) FRIDAY, Trie Court w.»« opened at ten o'clock for the trial of pnatun -!TS. Ttw following gentlemen were sworn on the Grand Burtley, Efu}., Liu^d; feilog, foreman V. Parry, LhTyndwyfilltir; D. Gravel, Cwmfciin ,• fnUJ iltimplirey, Coed; Tiionrtrf Boweu, Lleohdwny; I'-d'-nund H lath way t, Kidwelly; John Rees, Plitsgvvyn John Davies, Abergwiily; John Thomas, Cwrt; David Hancock, Mwehe; Walter Anthony, Llanybree; David David,. Merthyr farm; Geo. Davies, Hengil-Uchaf, Abergwiily, and Edward Rees, Glanmorlais, Esquiree. The learned Chairman thus addressed the Grand Jury:— GBXTLIMKX m" THE GRAND JuRy, The assizes having been very recently held here, I am happy to say, there are but few cases in the calendar, none of them requiring any remark s from rue. The Session of Par- liaincnt is in too early a stage to enable me to give you an account of the progress of those measures which con. cern us in Quarter Sessions and interest you. The Poor Removal Act, and the whole question of the settlement of the Poor, has been referred to a committee. The South Wales Turnpike Act has been for some time under the consideration of the law officers of the Government with a view to its amendment. What particular altera- tions will be made in it, I am not yet able to state. The Government has proposed to discontinue in a great mea- flure, if not altogether to abolish, the system of transpor- tation nut with the view of making the punishment of convicts less severe, but with the intention of making it mare equal, more uniform, and more certain; and of putting an end to those evils which are stated from the system to have flowed upon the colonies. Some lime will be necessary to enable us to judge of the work- In, oi this irnportiut measure." The Grand Jury having retired, the Chairman rose and addressing the Court, said that he wishdd to state for the information of the county that Mr. Edward Davies, a distinguished sculptor, had proposed to present the county with a bust of their respected Vice Lieutenant, Col Trevor. (Applause.) He would take upon himself to say, on the part of the county, that the bust would be received in the same spirit in which it was offered and would be duly appreciated. The Grand Jury ignored the bill against Elizabeth Griffiths and Anne Price, charged with stealing a quan- tity of coals, the property of Messrs. John liarridge and Rhys William Jones, ofPembrey. Mr. Hall applied for the costs of the prosecution, stating that about 20 tons of coal had at different times been stolen off the wharf from which the coals alleged to be stolen had disappeared. The costs were allowed by the Court. James Morris, a carpenter, of the parish of Bettws, was charged with having stolen an oak tree, the property of the Right Hon. Lord Dynevor. Mr. Llavd Hall stated the case for the prosecution, and said tfiat the prosecutor was the Lord Lieutenant for the scunty and the prisoner was charged with stealing some jpieces of oak timber which had been previously cut down in a wood situated at Llwynycwm, in the parish of Bettws. It appeared that. about 2 months ago, two men named William Samuel and William Morris, were emplored to cut down some trees in Llwynycwm wood. Some of the timber so cut was shortly afterwards missed and upon a search being made at the prisoner's house, five pieces were found, which would be identified by the witnesses as portions of the timber felled by Morris and Samuel. If the trees had been growing and were ac- tually cut down by the prisoner this would be a statut- able offence, and could be punished in a summary man- ner, but as they had been already severed and were no longer a part of the freehold, they became chattels, and the party stealing them was indictable at common law. The following witnesses were called for the prose- cution William Samuel, of Llanfihangel Aberbythich, who said: -Three months ago I cut some trees in Llwynycwm wood, in the parish of Bettws. They were the property of the Right Hon. Lord Dynevor. William Morris assisted me. About a fortnight or three weeks ago we missed some of this timber. We missed altogether 10 pieces of measureable timber fit for carpenter's work, and a quantity of cord-wood. On the 26th of last month I went with David Thomas anlice constables Edwards and David Lewis to the prisoner's house. Upon search- ing we found five pieces of wood which were portions of the timber which I and William Morris had cut down at Llwynycwm. I had missed the tree from a fortnight to 3 weeks previously to finding the pieces at the prisoner's house. One of the pieces we found was a portion of an oak tree. It was worth more than Is. The prisoner is a carpenter and had lived about 5 years near Llwynycwm. Cross-examined by Mr. John Morgan:—We did not find the wood in the prisoner's house, but found it in his garden. It was not concealed. There is a public road -adjoining- the hedge of the garden. We had cut down about 122 trees. The only piece of measurable timber was the one fcyund in prisoner's possession. It is about 3 feet long and 7 inches in girth. There was some wood u'so found on land belonging to Rees Rees. Re-examined:—I knew the timber by the marks of ehoppings upon it. William Morris corroborated the last witness's testi- mony, as did also David Lewis, a police officer. Mr. John Morgan addressed the jury for the prisoner in an energetic and powerful appeal, after which he called a number of witnesses, who gave the prisoner an irre- proachable character, most of them having known him from childhood. The Chairman recapitulated the evidence, and left the ease in the jury's hands. After two hour's deliberation, the jury found the prisoner Unilty, and he was sentenced to be ii ed for one calendar month and kept to hard labour. Mr. Hall applied for the costs of the prosecution, «p>>n which the War lit d Chairman cxpte3sed g-cat djubt whether ti?? prisonei might not have been sum- marily convicted. Mr. Hall explained that it was no longer a statutable o?fpnee to steal a piece of timber that had been severed from the freehold, but was at offence at common law, and must be tried at Quarter Sessions. The Chairman read the statute, which merely specified any tree or piece of timber," and did not particularise whether such piece of timber being severed rendered the offence of stealing it punishable by the statute. Mr. Hall instanced the case of a railing and post fixed in the ground which this statute was framed expressly to meet. It had been found that as the post was fixed to the ground and had become part of the freehold there was no statute to punish for stealing it, but where the timber had been severed, he contended it was an offence at common law, and had he been one of the magistrates who heard the case, he should have been sorry to convict, as he should thereby have subjected himself to the con- sequences of an action-at-law. Col. Trevor said that he would reserve the expression of his opinion upon the point, but as the Chairman had expressed some doubt on the subject, it would be de- sirable that the decision of the Court with regard to the question of costs should'be dispensed with in the pre- sent case and he advised Mr. Hall to withdraw his appli- cation for the costs Mr. Hall accordingly did so, and the costs of the pro- secution will thus be defrayed by the Right Honourable prosecutor. Attorney for prosecution, Mr. T. W. Lawford; for defence, Mr. John Morgan, Llandovery. Hannah Jones, a little girl, pleaded guilty to a charge of having stolen a hat, the property of Messrs. Enoch Watkins and Thomas Evans, Newcastle Emlyn, and was sentenced to one month's imprisonment with hard labour. She also pleaded guilty to a charge of stealing some tea, coliee, and sealing wax, the property of Mr. Wm. Jones, Printer, Bridge Street, Newcastle Emlyn, but for this offence she was not sentenced. The reason why so slight a sentence was passed was that in answer to a question from the Learned Chairman, the girl's mistress ex- pressed her intention to take her back into her service if a small punishment was inflicted. Attorney for each prosecution, Mr. Ben. Evans, New- castle Emlyn. LLANDILO OLD BRIDGE.—The following is that por- tion of the Report of the Bridge Surveyor for the Upper Division of the County which relates to the repairs of Llandilo Old Bridge, and which we publish at the request of several members of the Committee :—" It will be re- membered that on the 22nd day of October last an ex- traordinarily heavy flood occurred which seriously da- maged the north eastern pier of the Llandilo Old Bridge, and threatened the entire destruction of the super- structure thereof; which alarming accident I had the honour to report to your worships at the adjourned Quarter Sessions held on the 8th day of the following month, at which meeting it was resolved that in conse- quence of the impossibility of accurately ascertain- ing (owing to its peculiar nature) the extent of the damage done, and therefore of making a correct estimate of the expence for its repair, that I should carrv it on by day-work, and that the magistrates acting in the L,, a (lifo division, or any two or them, should have power to order the payment of all sums certified by me to be due for work done in repair of the old bridge at Llandilo, between th.U time and the ensuing Sessions to an amount not exceeding in the whole £ 250. In accordance with such order I proceeded with the work as above directed, by constructing a coffer-dam around one half of the damaged pier as proposed in my report and after a hard contest, I am proud to say that I have been able to effect a thorough repair thereof; which repairs, exclusive of the Herring-bone weir, which I found essentially necessary to th" protection of the damaged pier, amounted to £ 231 14s. 9d., and the Herring-bone weir not included in my original estimate amounted to an additional sum of 4!20—thereby making the total £ 254 14s. 9d. I say a hard contest owing to the bridge being in a most dan- gerous state to work under, in consequence of there being an actual cavity under the pier of above seven feet in depth, the pier being thereby without support save the abutting of the arches and the cohesiveness of the mortar. As it was natural to anticipate, two cracks appeared, the one extending from the parapet wall downward, and another across the arch transversely. In fine the arch had sunk so much as to render its departure from its former curve apparent from the surface of the road. From which it is evident that the i bridge must have been in extreme danger to work under. However, notwithstanding which and also the inclemency of the season, the repairs were proceeded with. The workmen employed deserve a large share of merit for the persevering and patient intrepidity they displayed in cariyinsc on the necessary operations, in circum- stances where life even was in extreme danger. I am glad to state that the before-mentioned pier has been severely tested since the last sessions, and that not the slightest derangement has as yet taken place. A question may present itself to those unacquainted with the theory of bridges as to whether it would not have been cheaper to allow the arch completely to fall and construct a timber bridge in its stead in answer to which I beg to state that if one arch was allowed to fall the whole would necessarily follow, one arch after ano- ther. Bridges of modern construction have not their piers massy enough to support the arch themselves, but are supported by the pier and the abutting of the arches conjointly. Since thnt question was asked me at the adjourned sessions, I have given the subject some con- sideration, and by calculation find that a timber bridge feutliciently string to support the weight and strain wine!, this bridge is subject to, would cost Llooo. I further beg to state that the Llandilo old bridge will be an annual expense to the county owing to the founda- tion "f the abutments and piers being laid sn shallow tha the bed of the river appears a¡redY to have deep-I ened t1 some extent near another of the piers. I would sg&in bt-f to rn?arx, ? I formerly d? in my rcp?t. I that coffer-damming and water-works are necessarily expensive, and have greatly deceived even the most eminent engineers that Europe has ever produced." Mothvey v. Llansawel.—This was an appeal against the order of 2 magistrates, touching the removal of a pauper named, Sarah Williams. The appeal was lodged, and the hearing respited until the next Quarter Sessions, upon the motijn of Mr. John Morgan, of Llandovery. Penboyr v. Conwil fa Jfilvet.—Tne appeal in this cast I was lodged, and upon payment of respondent's co3ts for the day, the hearing was adjourned till next Sessions. Attorney for appeilaai pwish, Mr. B. Evans; Counsel, Mr. respondents, Mr. John Morgan. ALtoriiey for resl)onde,,its, Jo h .,1 Lkmf tjnydd v. Llangunnor.—Mr. G. P. Price lodged the appeal in this case against an order of removal of John Harris and his wife, and the hearing was adjourned until next Sessions. The Court then adjourned till the 20th instant, then to be held at Carmarthen, for the purpose of auditing the Treasurer's accounts.

SOUTH WALES RAILWAY. A special general meeting of the shareholders in this company took place on Wednesday the 7th inst., at the office of the Great Western Railway Company, Padding- son station, for the purpose of taking into consideration the drafts of certain bills, applied for in the present sessions, which were submitted to the proprietors for their approval. Charles Russell, Esq., in the chair, supported by Mr. Barlow, Mr. Paul, Mr. S. Lewis, &c. Mr. Armstrong, the secretary, having read the notice convening the meeting, The Chairman observed that at the last half-yearly meeting, held but a short time back, the directors had entered very fully into the actual state of the affairs of the South Wales ]^§ilway Company, and the few pro- jects it was their intention to carry into parliament in the present sessiqB- This was a special meeting called for the express purpose of complying with Lord Wharn- cliffe's Act, whisk, required that the drafts of the bills now. to be laid bofpre them should receive their confir- mation previously to going into parliament. The direc- tors had hoped when issuing the notice for this meeting, that they woura by this time have made some progress in the House of Commons, but owing to various circum- stances that could not be helped, they had not yet done so. It now became his duty to submit to the meeting, for their consideration and approval, the various bills with which they were at all connected, the objects of which had been already fully discussed at the last meeting, and had received the confirmation of the shareholders. The first bill was to authorise a deviation to the east of Newport, in order to avoid passing through a church- yard. There was another deviation required near Car- diff also one near Carmarthen. These deviations had all been determined upon, after a more careful consider- ation of the line, and there was no doubt, if sanctioned, would be of considerable advantage to the line. The next bill was to enable them to make a short branch so as to obtain easy access to the shipping, and to have an effi- cient and better entrance ta-ttie river Severn. The next bill related to the Dean Forest Railway Company. They hati last year entered into an agreement for the purpose of purchasing that railway, and applied to par- liament for powers to enable them to do so. The Severn and Wye Railway Company, however, opposed them, and succeeded in making it compulsory to purchase their line as the condition of taking the other. These powers the directors of this company had thought very un- reasonable, and as they did not think it necessary to comply with them, they had thought proper to withdraw such clauses as affected the purchase. At the last meeting he, (the chairman) explained to the proprietors that by an agreement with the Great Western Railway Company they had determined to advance the rate of in- terest upon calls from four to five per cent., and this bill would authorise them to carry that determination into effect. At the same meeting he pointed out how ex- tremely important it was to their interests that they should assist in carrying out the two Irish lines, the Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow, and Dublin, and the Cork and Waterford; and the directors proposed, when the biU should come before the committee of the House of Com- mons, to ask for powers to authorise this company to subcribe towards the completion of those projects. Their object in doing so would be to keep alive the powers of those companies' bills, so that when more prosperous times arrived they might reap the advantage which would necessarily arise out of the connection. Mr. Sampson inquired how it was intended they should subscribe towards those lines ? The Chairman replied that they would propose to take a certain number of shares, of which they would divest themselves as soon as they had given effect to the pro- jects. In answer to another question, Mr. Russell said that they should be obliged to buy the shares at par and not at market value. They had undertaken with those lines to take a certain number of shares, and it would not answer their purpose to go into the market and buy those shares. Mr. Sampson-observed that the doing all that, would increase the capital of the Irish companies at the risk of this. He was a proprietor of the South Wales Company, but he did not buy his shares until it had received the guarantee of the Great Western Company. Now, the shareholders ot this company being guaranteed five per cent. by Western Company, and only having half the profits, tNpy were very little interested in making all these extensions. -hy did not the Great Western make those arrangements themselves ? Why was this company to run such risk when they were so very little interested in the result of the projects ? The Chairman said the South Wales Company was very considerably interested in the success of those lines. By the agreement with the Great Western they were to have half the surplus profits and it was just bv carrying out those Irish lines that the surplus profits would he very considerably augmented. The capital required for that purpose was to be raised upon the guarantee of the Great Western Railway, therefore it was impossible any loss could accrue to this company. Mr. Sampson said he understood that the Great Western Company did not guarantee them the whole expense, but only a fixed amount; and if they increased. their capital beyond four millions they ran the risk of it The Chairman.—Not a bit of it. For all extra pur- poses we are to receive an extra guarantee. Mr. Sampson thought they might require a larger sum than was at first contemplated, and he did not see that they were so largely interested in the success of those schemes besides, when they looked at the state of the money market, and affairs in Ireland, he did not think it advisable at that moment to incur these liabilities. The Chairman.-There is not a shadow of increased liability to the South Wales Company but what addi- tional liability there may be will be borne by the Great Western Company. Mr. Saunders observed that the hon. proprietor must be labouring under some misconception of the nature of the subject. It was believed that the construction of those other railways would increase the revenue of the South Wales Company; but though they did get the guarantee of the Great Western, it was not absolutely necessary that they should increase their capital. The proprietors of the South Wales Railway had no loss thrown upon them in respect of the contribution towards the Irish lines, because the Great Western stepped in and offered to bear it; but though they bore none of that responsibility they would still have the benefit of half of I the actual surplus profits. Mr. Sampson.—out you will require a larger amount of capital to engage in these undertakings, and I do not think this is a moment to run the risk of calling that capital besides it will tend very much to deterio- rate the value of our shares. Mr. Saunders observed that the money would be created by the shares of the Irish lines, taken at their full value. After some further discussion, The Chairman said that the subject had already undergone anxious and mature deliberation on the part of the directors, and they believed that if thev left the South Wales Railway without those important feeders, from which they expected. to derive great profit, they would be committing a very great error. Mr. Sampson said that he had no doubt the railways would pay very well; but there were no means of getting the money, on account of the heavy preisure upon the market. The Chairman again explained that there was no risk attending the propped course, and he deprecated the short-sighted policy of throwing up their allies now when there was a pressure, for if they refused to lend them a helping hand at the present moment, they might expect to have it said to them, when the days of pros- perity should return, We don't want your assistance" (hear, hear). The chairman continued, those were the whole of the circumstances affecting that bill.1 The next bill was one to enable them to make a railway from Abercraven Farm, in the parish of Ystradgunlais in the county of Brecon, to Swansea, in the county of Glamorgan, with branches, to be called the Swansea Valley Railway. During the past year, when they were threatened with a Welsh Midland line, the direc- tors had entered into an agreement for the purchase of this line of railway, the general terms of which were stated at the last half-yearly meeting, when they re- ceived the confirmation of the proprietors. The. cost of the whole line would amount to about E220,000, Surely with respect to those short valleys, where all the mine- rals and almost all their work was to be had, there could not be a question as to the propriety of promoting those lines by the means of which this company would receive its chief support. Mr. Sampson again asked if the Great Western gua- ranteed the outlay upon these lines. The Chairman replied in the affirmative. He then said the next bill was for enabling the\ ale of NeathRaii- way Company to construct certain new lines of railway in connection with the Vale of Neath Railway, and for other purposes. They had agreed to take of that com- pany shares to the amount of 1:125,000, but they had no further connection beyond an understanding to that effect. There was another bill to enable the Llynvi Valley Railway Company to make an extension of their railway to Newcastle, in the county of Glamorgan, and to amend the act relating to their said railway, to be called the Llynvi Valley Railway Extension. The next authorised the Gloucester and Dean Forest Rail- way Company to construct a dock or basin at Gloucester in connexion with tho'said railway. The last bill was to authorise certain alterations in the line of the Water- ford, Wexford, Wicklow, and Dublin Railway, and to amend the act relating thereto, and also certain pro- visions proposed to be inserted in the last-mentioned bill, etiablitig the South Wales Company to subscribe to the undertaking of the Waterford, Wexford, NVickloty, and Dublin Railway Company. In conclusion the chairman observed that in the event of the last bill being obtained the company would be quite right in I supporting those two lines, for it appeared to him that it would scarcely be wise, under the influence of a temporary panic, to neglect lines which would at a future period undoubtedly be very beneficial to the interests of the South Wales Company. On the con- trary, if they neglected and discarded them, the South Wate: line would be denuded of thoip branches upon which it must chiefly depend for support. Mr. Sampson said he was perfcgilr satisfied with the chairman's explanation, if he understood him aright, that the Great Western guaranteed to pay them 5 per cent. upon all their expenditure. The Chairman remarked that he was extremely glad the hon. proprietor had raised his objections and made inquiries, as it afforded him an opportunity of giving an explanation, which the directors were always de- sirous the proprietors should have. The Secretary here read the marginal notes of the several bills, which were submitted to the meeting from the chair, and unanimously confirmed. The Chairman then said the meeting had now to resolve itself into another special general meeting, for the purpose of considering and determining as to the expediency of the South Wales Company purchasing and taking a transfer from the Gloucester and Dean t Forest Railway Company of such portion of the under- taking authorised by the Gloucester and Dean Forest Railway Act, 184Q, as consists of the railway extending from or near from tft# ^Grange, otherwise Grange Court, in *,lie parish of tY, in the parish of V^p^Mt^ipon-Severn, in the county of Gloucaiter, to ort&ar Hagloe Farm, in the parish of Awre, in the same county, and all the rights, powers, and privileges conferred by the said act on the said last-mentioned company in respect thereto, on terms and conditions to be submitted to the meeting and for the purpose of authorising the execution M- all lIecs- sary and proper deeds, and the doing of all necessary and proper acts, for effecting such sale and transfer, if determined on. ■ The Secretary read the notice convening the meeting, upon which The Chairman submitted a resolution in conformity with the objects of the meeting which was adopted unanimously. A vote of thanks was then given to the board of directors for their past services, and to Mr. Russell for his able conduct in the chair upon the present occasion and the meeting terminated.

NEW ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH.—A new Roman Catholic church on a style of great splendour is forth- with to be commenced in the town of Brecon, South Wales, a very large sum of money having been sub- scribed for that purpose by the leading families in the principality, both Protestant and Catholic. There are some curious circumstances connected with the people for whose more immediate use the new church is designed. They are called the Havards," that beinga* the name of the principal person amongst them, wfe came to the principality from France in the time, of William the Norman. They are a totally distinct race of people, marrying and intermarrying among them- selves, and having little or no communication with their more primitive neighbours. They inhabit a hamlet about ten miles from Defynog, called Senna," pro- bably being a corruption of the word Seine, inasmuch as a river which runs near the hamlet very much resem- bles in its course the river Seine in Paris. From the time the Havards took possession of their colony thev have rigidly professed the Roman Catholic faith, and although they ha\e for many years had a small chapel in which to worship, it has been determined that the new church shall be erected for their own accommoda- tion, and for the other Roman Catholics in the surrounding districts. The new church will be in the Gothic style of architecture, and the foundation stone will be laid in the course of the first wee k in May.- Morning Post. THE NEW HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.—The reader who has not yet had the good fortune to survey the out- lines of this building, must be told that to the eastward it presents a frontage of nearly one thousand feet- considerably upwards of nine hundred that when com- plete it will cover an area of nine statute acres; that the great tower at the south-western extremity, which has already been raised to the height of ninety feet, Will ultimately reach the gigantic elevation of four hundred that towers of lesser magnitude will crown other .I,bQr- tions of the building; that fourteen halls, galleries, vestibules, and other apartments of great capacity and noble proportions are contained within its limits that it comprises eight official residences, each first-rate mansions, fit to receive families of distinction; twenty corridors and lobbies are required to serve as the great roadways through this aggregation of edifices, that two and-thirty noble apartmnts facing the river will be used as committee rooms that libraries, waiting rooms dining rooms, and clerks' offices, exist in a superabun- dant measure; that eleven greater courts and a score of minor openings give light and air to the interior of this superb fabric; that its cubic contents exceeds fifteen millions of feet, being one half greater than St. Paul's and that it contains not less than between five and six hundred distinct apartments, amongst which will be a chapel for Divine worship, formed out of the crypt of old St. Stcphen's.- Times. THE MALT-TAX.—Earl Fitzwilliam has intimated to the farmers of Northamptonshire, that he will vote in I favour of the repeal of the malt-tax and that he pro- pose3 to make up the deficiency in the revenue which will bo occasioned by its removal by a property-tax, as contradistinguished from an income-tax, to which he has an objection, as being inquisitorial in its character, and pressing with undue force upon persons who ought not to be subject to it. A ST RANGE INCENDIARY.—The Journal d'Elbeuf mentions a fire which took place, on the night of the 30th or the 31st of last month, at an inn at Orival. The author was certainly not an incendiary by profes- sion A rat, spying a lantern door open against a stable wall snatched the candle, lighted as it was, be- tween its teeth, and carried it off to the hay loft, which was soon iNi a blaze. A CAUTIOUS JUDGE.—The late Chief Baron O'Giady tried two of the most notorious felons at the Carlow Assizes for highway robbery. To the astonishment of the Court as well as of the prisoners themselves, they were found "Not guilty." As they were being re- moved from the bar, the Judge, in that manner so peculiarly his own, addressing the jailer, said, Mr. Murphy, you would greatly ease my mind if you would keep those two respectable gentlemen until seven or half-past seven o'clock, for I mean to set out for Dublin at five, and I should like to have at least two hours start of them." MR. JUSTICE MAULE'S LAST.—The accommodation for the Judges at the Reading Assizes is extremely meagre. Mr. Justice Maule reminded the authorities of this, the other day, in rather a humorous manner. Coming into court in the morning, with his little three- cornered hat, which the Judge carries in his hand, his lordship cast his eyes above and around, but saw no place convenient for the deposit of the judical tile." His lordship, turning round to the Under Sheriff, ad- dressed him in a loud tone of voice—" Mr. Under- Sheriff, take my hat back to my lodgings, there seems to be no room for it here." WELL SAJD.—A wealthy farmer in Kentucky says, I would rather be taxed for the education of the boy, than the ignorance of the man. For one or the other I am compelled to be.Borde)- Watch. THE DISCOVERIES OF 1846. — We apprehend that there can be noiioubt that the year 1846 will be memorable to the end of time for the remarkable extensions, or new applications, of human knowledge, which will come before future historians, as rendering illustrious its narrow limits. Most evident it is, that '.ve are now living in the days predicted by the Hebrew prophet—when "many shall run to and fro; and knowledge shall be increased." 1. Foremost among these may be placed, the use of ether, inhaled for the facilitating surgical operations. Like all other appliances of this kind, it meets with failures, and even with evil results, in a few cases. But for one fatal result, and Jive failures, we have five hundred instances of vast benefit; in many of which, beyond all doubt, lives have been saved, which would otherwise have been lost. Without describing it as infallible, or in all cases safe, or to be relied on, there can be no doubt that this discovery has conferred vast benefits on mankind. 2. The substitution of a new explosive ^material—the gun-cotton—in place of gun- powder, ufmiother remarkable event. The extent of its utility t yet ascertained. Whether it will be largely adopted- In warfare, is still a point on which no decided I opinion hai been formed. But of its great htility in all blasting and mining operations, not the slightest doubt can exist. It is both cheaper and more powerful than gunpowder; and the absence of smoke give,; it a decisive advantage. There can remain no question, that in all works of this description, the new agent will rapialy supersede the old one. 3. The third discovery of 1840 is perhaps even of greater importance than either of the former. We allude to the lately patented process for smelting copper by means of electricity. The effect of this change will be quite prodigious. It produces, in less than two days, what the old process required three weeks to effect. And the saving of fuel is so vast, that in Swansea alone, the smelters estimate their annual saving in coals at no less than five hundred tlt.()u.and pounds Hence, it is clear that the price of copper must be so enormously reduced, as to bring it into use for a variety of purposes, from which its cost at present excludes it. The facility and cheapness of the process, too, will enable the ore to be largely smelted on the spot. The Cornish mine proprietors are anxiously expecting the moment when they can bring the ore which lay. in the mine yes- terday into a state to be sent to market h-inorroiv and this at the very mouth of the mine, In Australia, also, the operation of this discovery will be of the utmost im. portance. Ten thousand tons of copper ore were sent from Australia to England last year, to be smelted at Swansea and the result was only 1,600 tons of copper. But Aus- tralia, in future, will smelt her own copper, by a ;;8- hours' process saving all this useless freight of the 8,400 tons of refuse: and saving also the cost of the old and expensive process. In a very few years, Australia will send to market more copper than is now produced by all the rest of the world. But if our future penny- pieces arc to bear any proportion to the reduced cost and value of the metal, they must be made of the size of I dinner-plates.—Morning Herald. TO LADIES. I Avee cle mauvais Heats jamais Jcmme n'etoit belie A vec dcjotis dents jamais fovnme n eioit ).ndp.- 3. J. HoussKAU. VALUE AND IMPORTANCE OF ARTIFICIAL TEETH.- MR. HOWARD'S PAT;;vr.—The teeth influence the form and expression of the countenance much more than is generally imagined, and the finest face is disfigured if any of t-'IL' teeth are lost, and a disagreeable impression I is produced.—Where the teeth are good, there is when speaking, or smiling especially, a fascination present, which pi??vcnts further examination of the countenance. The new Patent Incoirodibic Teeth, introduced hy Mr. Howard, Surgeon-Dentist, 61, Berners Street. Oxford- street, London, are fixed without extracting any roots of teeth, or giving any pain whatever. They wil alto be I found more economical than pthsa.

I BLACK FACES A"ND WHITE MONEY. I [Prom the Atlas.] There are so many good points in the Ariericall character, that we deeply deplore the existence of those prejudices and weaknesses which go so fitr to neutralise their virtues. The sight of a great work marred by some lamentable inconsistency is always a painful one. America is not without generosity—is not without an enlargement of sympathy and toleration which in them- selves are truly admirable qualities. Even now she is giving largely to feed the starving masses in our famine-struck islands and many a great movement of philanthropy in this country has received an impetus from the coadjutancy of our brethren on the other side of the Atlantic. But American humanity is of a pecu- I liar character. There is a limit beyond which it cannot extend. It is essentially exclusive, The Americans are very tolerant-very generous—very sympathetic— very humane; they would her the most tolerant, the most generous, the most sympathetic, the most humane people in the -orld-if there toe re no blacks. But even in these days, scouted as they have been, condemned as they have been-r-shown their own faces as in a glass most visibly, with all the distortions and grimaces of the most contemptible, the most paltry pre- judice and narrow-mindedness—their liberality cannot go out beyond the regions of the ichite world. Their sensibilities are still affected by the contact of a man of colour. They do not judge men by the hue of their souls-the complexion of their minds—but by the outer teguments of the body. It is not the mind, it is the skin that makes the man. The mask of night" on the face of a Bacon or a Napoleon would shrink him at once to the dimensions of a piccaninny. Let him do what he might, he woul? s?t be a black, not fit to hedl with the most insignificant whites in the cabin of.. American steam-ship. '? A gentleman of colour, named Frederick Douglas, has, as all readers of thepublic journals are aware, been for some time resident la England. He is a man of great energy of character—considerable ability—much natural eloquence—aud altogether not a bad specimen of the true nobility of natore. He is black, and he was once a slave-but Englishmen received him with courtesy and treated him with respect. He dwelt some time amongst us, made his appearance at several public meetings, did some service in the anti-slavery cause, and having fulfilled the.Objects of his mission, bethought himself of returning to tbe United States. Accordingly he took his passage in the Cambria"—paid JC40 for it -proceeded to LiverpooIL-%vent with his luggage on board the steamer and was then told that, being a black, he must not occupy the berth he had purchased, nor enter the saloon, nor mix with the other passen- gers, nor eat his meals in company but must consider himself throughout the voyage an unapproachable Pariah !-Mark this the people had taken his money. Mr. Frederick Douglas's bank notes were not black. They took his money, as though he were a Christian, and then treated him like a dog. Hath a dog money—is it possible A cur can pay ?— Mr. Douglas could and did pay-his money was as good as any white's. Kon olet, thought the London agent. Non olet, thought the Liverpool agent. There is no aristocracy in bank notes. The white's and the black's rub shoulders, when once they are in the strong box of the steam company. But Mr. Frederick Douglas must not occupy his berth like a Christian—must not rub shoulders with the whites on board the Cambria." It matters not that Englishmen of repute have associated with him as a friend and a brother. The English stamp, in all other things, is accepted as the genuine stamp in America. They borrow our actors-our singers—our dancers—steal our books-imitate our pictures. England is everything to them—the fiat of England makes American reputations. But England cannot turn a blackamoor tfhite. Not even Bucking- ham Palace, with an endorsement from the Tuileries, could render Mr. Frederick Douglas a fit inmate for the saloon of an American passenger-vessel. Be his character—be his abilities what they may, there can be nothing white about him --but his bank 210tes.

THE NEW PLAN OF HIBERNO-CANADIAN COLONIZATION. < [From the Morning Cliroiiieie-I The memorial addressed to Lord John Russell by a body of influential Irish landlords, on the subject of emigration, is the answer, so far as they are concerned, to his apparently triumphant but really desperate in- terrogation, 11 What else have you to propose?" A plan for removing, in the course of three years, two millions of the population of Ireland, and locating them in the wilds of Canada, would have been little likely to meet with serious attention a year ago. But the potato disease in presence, and the poor-law in prospect, con- stitute a state of things which demands the eraedies termed heroic. When the first of these calamities is costing England a million monthly, with no visible ter- mination and no permanent result, while the other is threatening every Irish ratepayer with literal, not me- taphorical ruia, it is no time to shrink from measures of permanent benefit because they are large, difficult, and costly. The memorialists accordingly propose that the interest and redemption of the loan necessary for this giganjic. euijj^rfgioH should be defrayed by extending the English proptrty-tax to Ireland. They have made cal- culations which satisfy them of the sufficiency of this resource. Thus provided for, the proposed colonization combines the importance of .a great national measure with the essential characteristics of an operation grounded on the voluntary principle. It resolves itself into a combination of the tax-paying classes to effect collectively for Ireland what every landlord, of ordinary foresight and adequate pecuniary means, is already at- tempting on his own estate. Ireland, for the first time in history, offers to defray the cost of her own regenera- tion, and asks nothing from England but the sanction of Government and the removal of local obstacles. The plan bears marks of sober and intelligent consideration. The most obvious difficulties are foreseen, and more or less successfully met. The colonies cannot possibly absorb, as mere labourers, anything like the number of emigrants supposed in the project. Accordingly, it is proposed that the greater part should be located as settlers, not labourers for hire. The Irish do not adapt themselves easily to a settler's life, singly, or in the midst of a population not Irish and Catholic it is pro- posed, therefore, to transplant them, not individually, but as small village communities, with their priest at the head. The preparation of the locality, and the superin- tendence of the location, require a degree of concert and organization which scarcely any emigrants, and least of all Irish emigrants, can achieve for themselves, and which cannot be efficiently or conveniently conducted for them by salaried officers of Government. To meet thes difficulties, it is proposed that an incorporated compan should undertake the whole of these details, receiving from Government a fixed sum, suppose five pounds, for each emigrant; employing the emigrants in the first instance as hired labourers; to make the roads and ex- ecute the other works requisite for their own location becoming itself the proprietor (by purchase) of large tracts of land, and deriving its profits from the value given to this land by the public works executed and the population created in the district. The practicability, and in many respects eligibility, of colonization thus conducted, are upheld by the memorialists with consider- able success, and their plan recommends itself at once by just conceptions of the nature of colonization, and by an unusual degree of adaptation to the Irish national character. It would be easy to raise difficulties and find objections, even formidable ones, to this project; and it is sufficiently known that our remedy is a different one. We do not think the Irish a good stock to colonize with, and we see neither justice nor expediency in sending people to be settlcrs in Canada who could be made settlers at home. But the desperate condition of Ireland requires all remedies. The land and labour market must be cleared at once of a much larger number of starving competitors than we have any hope of seeing located upon the waste lands of Ireland on the proprie- tary system: and on the cottier system it is far better abstained from entirely. Besides, the grand difficulty of all remedial measures, is the condition into w1:ich they have now been titrown-the doubt whether it can be carried into opeiation—affects, we lament to say, the question of home still more profoundly than that of foreign colonization. A poor-law, in which out-door re- lief is to be a reality, in addition to its own peculiar evils, poisons the sources of all improvement. By far the strongest objection to the plan of the memorialists is the uncertainty whether, even after the machinery is constructed and the path smoothed, a population which has been told that it is to be fed and employed at all costs and through all consequences at home, will consent to go abroad. But it is still more doubtful whether any person whose industry and forethought qualify him to become a peasant proprietor, will not think it- a better calculation to be a receiver, than a payer, of such poor- rates as every one must expect under the new act. It is almost a fruitless hope which looks to the creation of I a superior and independent class of peasantry, when those who would compose the class are even now rapidly quitting Ireland, taking their small savings with them. A law which threatens to leave no creature in the rural district of Ireland but the mere landlord and the mere cottier or labourer, is an infelicitous preparation for a future yeomanry. It seems as if an immense clearance of the soil of Ireland by emigration were now a necessary condition of such a state of poor-law management as is compatible with the very existence of society in Ireland, not to talk further of its improvement.

RARA Avi, -DEATU OF A REAL JIM CROW.— There has resided in a house in Eyemouth, for the last three years, a very singular crow, or common rook, which might be truly called the mocking-bird of the poultry-yard for so exact was he in his imitation of the cries of the various domestic birds with which he as- sociated, that no one could distinguish them from the originals. Many a visitor at his owner's house was startled and amazed at hearing proceed from below his chair the quack, qoack, quack of the duck cackle, cackle, of the hen—the calling together of the chickens —the cooing of the pigpoii-aiid the caw, caw, of the crow—when all the time nothing could be seen except the latter-named gentleman in black, sitting with great composure, and evidently much satisfied with his own extraordinary vocal powers. But alas I poor fellow, his last act of mimicry cost him his life. While imitating the crowing of a cock, a large game bird of that species, either taking it for a challenge or an insult, or perhaps both, flew upon him, and strange to tell, tore out his tong zie, the offending member of the rook! We need not tell how much his death has been lamented bv those i who knew him and admired his wonderful power*.—>» Beriri' ) rfr.r.rtiw. j

FOREIGN NEWS. SPANISH AFFAIRS.—After a crisis of nearly a fort- night's duration aud cf a most singular character, Spain has had a. chani of ministry, tantamount, in the opiuhm of many of our contemporaries, to a complete reversal of the domestic and foreign poliey of the coun- try. The Times regards it as the most auspicious event it has had to record in the affairs of that country for several years," and says, we trust it is the forerunner of national independence and constitu- tional government to all Spain." The French journals speak of the event in nearly equivalent terms that is to say, they cry out against it as marking the triumph of British over French influence in the Peninsula. Now French influence" is a phrase which practically signifies, as far as Spain is concerned, the subjection of all the national interests to the supposed interests of Louis Philippe and his family; whereas Great Britain has absolutely no sort of motive for ex- erting whatever influence she may possess to any other end than the real welfare of her ally, cus- tomer, and debtor, Spain. Her interest in Spain is commercial, national, popular; that of France is purely dynastic. In the strength and prosperity of the Penin- sula consists our gain French ambition speculates on the weakness and distraction of Isabella's kingdom, on her embarrassments as a sovereign, her personal humiliation and domestic wretchedness. The character of the late crisis, we have said, is very singular; it is, in fact; unique in the history of constitutional or quasi constitutional governments. The late Ministry possessed an overwhelming majority in both Chambers consequently its strength should have been unassailable, ,according to the pure constitutional theory. Yet it was miserably weak in all but audacity and violence. It bullied and persecuted all who opposed it, the Queen: herself not excepted. Isabella had good reason to belfcve that her late Ministers were her personal ene- mies, and in the exercise of her unquestionable prero- gative she resolved to dismiss them but they would not go. For many a day not a man of them would fulfil the needful formality of countersigning the decree for a dissolution of the Cabinet. Why should they resign? Had they not a majority in the Cabinet ? But at last their sacred phalanx was broken; one false brother seceded, and gave the fatal signature. What was the conseqtteiiee ? A new Ministry was formed, as tho- roughly- Spanish as t he old, one was Afrancesado, and in less than forty-eight hours it commanded the silent acquiescence of one Chamber, and a majority of more than two to one in the other! Badly as we think of the constitution of the present Cortes, we will not be so uncharitable as to ascribe this sudden and astounding change to mere venality. It seems much more like the effect of a natural resilience upon the withdrawal of a heavy pressure. We believe that coercion and intimi- dation have been practised as largely on the Cortes as on the Queen. The only difference is that they suc- I cumbed, whilst her Majesty has had the courage to re- sist and conquer the vile and insolent confederacy of traitors sold to Fraiiee.-Atlas. UNITED STATES AND MExico.-The New York packet-ship Waterloo, has arrived at Liverpool. The news which she brings is not very important, but there are several interesting items from the American army in Mexico. The commercial intelligence is satisfactory. Freights had a downward tendency, and the lfour and grain markets were looking dull, with a prospect of falling prices. Cotton was dull of sale at New York on the 15th ult., but prices firm. The most important political item appears to be the resignation of Major- General Benton, who had been appointed to the supreme command of the army. The rumour that prevailed of a fight between Santa Anna and General Taylor was a hoax. Events in the south had, however, a threatening aspect, and it was thought that the month of March would probably be the most exciting of the campaign. Active preparations were making for the defence of Vera Cruz as late as the 7th. The church in Mexico has effectually resisted the seizure of its property. Santa Anna had yielded to the demands of the hierarchy and the clergy propose a loan of 450,000 dollars per month. The benevolent exertions in favour of the suffering people of Ireland are still going on in the most praise- worthy and active manner. The people of Pike County, Missouri, were surprised a few days since by the passage of many millions of the vultures called Turkey buz- zards," in a southerly direction. They formed clouds of birds that almost darkened the sky. By the accounts of the phenomenon it seems that superstition had seized upon it as predictive of battles and slaughter at the seat of war, towards which the birds of prey were wending their course. The distance is great, certainly, but it should be remembered that in and near warm climates vultures always follow armies. The Russian government has officially declared to the cabinets cf Vienna and Berlin, that for the future no foreign officer will be allowed to take part in the cam- paigns of the Russian troops in the Caucasus, unless he will consent to be naturalised, and to take an oath of fidelity to the Czar. We learn from Konigsberg (Prussia) that all the Russian students of that University, about 150 in num- ber, have been ordered to return to their country im- mediately. It is said that the Emperor Nicholas intends to forbid ail his subjects to. receive their education in foreign universities. The new Bavarian ministry is preparing a popular programme. It promises,Ls»provement in education, in legislation for the press, and in promotion for the army. The Austrian government is at present establishing agricultural schools in all parts of the empire where agriculture is behind the progress of the present day. Rcm c.-The correspondent at Rome of the Daily Sews states that a concert was giver, at Rome on the 27th of March, in aid of the relief fund for the dis- tressed Irish. The Spanish envoy lent his palace for the occasion, Lord Ward paid for the lighting, and amongst those who sung were Adelaide Kemble (Sar- toris), Earl Compton, the Countess Calergi, De Rongi- mont, Woikonsky, Count Castlebarco, and Miss Brown, of Mayo. The concert yielded 1000 dollars. The statue of Queen Victoria, by Gibson, was to sail from Civita Vechia for Southampton, in the Tiger, on the 9th inst. THE PEASANTRY OF GALICIA.-The National has the following from the frontier of Galicia, under date the 20th of March This neighbourhood has become the scene of atrocious and repeated crimes. At Stanis- law, a village in the circle of Wadowice, a father and mother murdered their four children the mother hung her daughter, aged 16. The want of food, no doubt. was the cause of this crime, so contrary to nature. At Budzow, near Izdenik, in the same circle, a peasant cooked his child that had just died, and ate of it. He himself died shortly afterwards. At Andrychon a pea- sant, having deliberately killed four persons, in order to obtain possession of thirty florins, quietly set about his usual occupation of felling timber. Independently of this, incendiary fires are of frequent occurrence, and we expect all the farms of the nobles will be destroyed, one after the other. The authors of these crimes scarcely conceal themselves, and they are not backward in admitting their crimes. At Cracow and in Galicia matters are in the same state, want and misery increase, especially in the vicinity of the Carpathian mountains." RO-IIE. TiiF TAX AND CENSORSHIP ON I-Pi& PRESS VIRTUALLY ABOLISHED.—R,OME, MARCH 28.— The struggle between the Roman newspapers and Austrian interference, of which we had reached the crisis when I wrote last, has just terminated in the total discomfiture of Mettemich and the triumph of the press. The edict," forced on the pusillanimous Gizzi, has, thanks to the firm attitude of our local edi- tors, become a dead letter and yesterday all our journals came out fresh and vigorous as ever, without the ghost of a government stamp," and evincing no trace of meddling censorship. The Conteniporaneo, at the head of the public instructors, shows redoubled energy from' its short repose, and contains articles of an eloquence and ability which the Parisian Debats has seldom exhibited. It is understood that no change WIlL be attempted in matters of public journalism for the present year," and snch a concession to the late out- burst of opinion is quite tantamount to a Snal settle. ment.—Correspondent of the Daily News. PORTUGAL.-— TH g CIVIL WAtt.-T,ieilla(irielsteatner has brought intelligence from Oporto, to April 1. The state of affairs was much the same as at the last ac- counts. The expedition nominally fitted out for the Algarves, but suspected to be for some more important place, had succeeded in crossing the bar of the Dou.ro, on the 23th ult., and was subsequently seen to pass Lisbon, going southward. Saldanha remained inactive in his old quarters, and the ouly appearance of hostility was in the interior, where two slight skirmishes had taken place, in which the Septembrist troops had come off victorious. It seems, however, that Saldanha has taken a step towards negotiation, as he forwarded a proclamation on the 24th ult. to the Scptembrist officers in Oporto, informing them that he was aware of the dis- sensions between them and the Miguelite officers serving under the Junta, and inviting them to return to loyal service under the Queen's banners, and separate them- selves from the adherents to the usurprr, guaranteeing to them their military posts and commissions. The Queen's government had failed to raise a loan either at home or abroad. After a great deal of negotiation, it has been determined that the British vessels laden with wine, seized by the blockading squadron on their leaving the Douro, shall await the decision of the Com- mercial Tribunal. There seems little doubt that they will be speedily set at liberty. CAPE OF GOOD HorF.We regret to state that ac- counts have been received from the Cape, which repre- sent that Captain Gibson and Dr. Howell, of the Rifle Brigade, accompanied by the lInn. W. Chetwynd, 73rd regiment, went on an excursion to take some cattle for use from among the Kafirs, and fell into an ambush which lay in wait for them, when they were all masscred. THE COAST OF AFRICA.—By an arrival from the above quarters, we are put in possession of intelligence to the 10th of March, being a month later than the last advices. The coast was healthy, as was the squadron employed upon it in the futile endeavour to suppress the slave-trade. One capture had been made since our last letters, but she was an empty prize. Sierra Leone and Ascension were healthy, and turtle was abundant at the former place. A frightful massacre of slaves had taken place at Lagos Bay, some months since, the owners not having vessels to ship them in, nor food for their sustenance. THE LAND FOR THE LADIES.-—Mr. Gutzlaff thinks the Chinese the most prolifi#Bation in the world all marry, and not one marriage in a hundred is unproduc- tive. In the census which he made of Tinghae, a city containing 30,000 inhabitants, there, was but one iiumarried female, and she was an English lady. i

I COMING SPRING. In all the years which have been, The spring hath greened the boagli—- The gladsome, hopeful spring-time Keep heart! it comes e'en now. The winter-time departtth; The early flowers expand; The blackbird and the turtle-dove Arc heard throughout the land. The sadness of the winter, Which gloomed our hearts, is gone A thousand signs betoken That spring-time comes anou 'Tis spring-time in our boaotes: All strife aside we cast; The storms were for the winter days, But they are gone and past. Before us lies the spring-time- Thank God! the time of mirth- When birds are singing in the trees, And flowers gem all the earth; When a thousand busy hands upturn ■ The bounteous, fruitful mould, And the heart of every poet feels More love than it can hold. In all the years which have been, The spring-time greened the bough- The gentle, gracious spring-time Rejoice !—it comes e'en now! I Mary Hu-witt.

I THE WITCHERY OF THE VOICE. A voice which, though somewhat low, was of that organ that at once arrests attention a voice that comes alike from the brain and from the heart, and seems made to convey both profound thought and deep emo- tion. There is no index of character so sure as the voice. There are tones brilliant and gushing—which impart a quick and pathetic sensibility; there are others that, deep, and yet calm, seem the just interpreters of a serene and exalted intellect. But the rarest and the most precious of all voices is that which combines passion and repose and those rich and restrained tones exercise, perhaps on the human frame, a stronger spell than even the fascination of the eye, or that bewitching influence of the hand, which is the privilege of the higher races of Asia.—D'Israeli's Tancred. MISS MARFLNEAU AND THE ARABS. I Each of our party had three Arabs for assistants— dark brown men, in turbans or white caps, and loose i shirts and drawers, and who never dream of being silent for a minute, or of leaving off asking for a present. These Arabs are of a different race from the people who built the pyramids, and they know now nothing about them, not can conceive why we go and examiue such monuments. They can only suppose that we go in search of treasure. But they are kind to strangers, and faithful to their trust; and I felt in very good hands while they were helping me up and down the outside of this—the largest building in the world. They drew and lifted me up the high steps so as to spare me any great fatigue, encouraging me with a. few words of English which they had picked up—"very good!" and "half- way!" After one particularly difficult step, they were in great delight and patted me on the back, all three crying out—" Ah ah! good morning—good morning The People's Journal. BISHOP JBREMY TAYLOR'S FIRST SERMON AT ST. PAUL'S. His youth, his eloquence, his exceeding beauty of ap- pearance and charm of manner, made a lively impression upon his congregation, who took him, in the inflated language of Rust, for some young angel, newly de- scended from the visions of glory." Rumours of his powers and reputation quickly reached Lambeth, where he was summoned to preach before the Primate The result might have been anticipated. Laud withdrew him from the excitement of a London life, commenced before his faculties had attained their full growth, into the repose of All Souls, where, in the words of Llovd, he might have time, books, and money to complete himself in those several parts of learning into which he had made so fair an entrance." Rust tells us that the sermon of Taylor excited the wonder of Laud; "it was beyond exception and beyond imitation. Yet the wise prelate thought him too young but the great youth humbly begged his grace to pardon that fault, and promised, if he lived, he would mend it.Rec. R. A. Willtr.ott's Biography. THII ALPINE ECHO. I The keeper of the chatelet had a small mortar, which I he fired at our request. Ten distinct echoes came back. From deep and awful silence these innumerable peaks seemed aroused into sudden and almost angry life. Re- port after report, like the rapid discharge of a whole park of artillery, thundered through the clear air. At length the echoes, one by one, sank slowly away, and I thought all was over. Fainter and fainter they grew, till nothing but a low rumbling sound was heard in the distance, when suddenly, without warning or preparation, there was a report like the blast of the last trumpet. I instinctively clapped my hands to my ears in affright. It came from the distant Wetterhorn, and rolled, and rattled, and stormed through the mountains, till it seemed as if every peak were loosened from its base, and all were falling and crushing together It was absolutely terrific. Its fearful echo had scarcely died away before the avalanches which the sudden jar had loosened began to fall. Eight fell in almost as many minutes. The thunder of one blended with the thunder of another, till one continuous roar pased along the mountains. The tumult ceased as suddenly as it com- mcnced, and the deep and awful silence that followed was painful; and my imagination painted those falling masses gf s-?ionv atiid ice as half-consciou,3 crushed to the deep r,-tvines.-7'lte ai4?? the Rhine. A STREET SCIXE l LDIA. I Every morning, at a quarter to nine, the great hell of the cathedral announces the vuising; of the hot, daring the performance of high mass. Immediately every sound is hushed in the streets and squares. Coachmen stop the carriages, riders check their horses, and foot- p:lS8CnCrs stand motionless. Every one suspends his occupation or his conversation, and kneeling down, with head uncovered, mutters a prayer. But scarcely has the third solemn stroke of the bell ceased to vibrate, when the noise and movement are resumed; the brief but solemn stillness of the few preceding moments being thus rendered the more impressive by contrast. The same incident is renewed in the evening, between six and seven o'clock, when the bell sounds for the Angelus (Omciones.) The cathedral bell gives the signal, by slow measured sounds, which are immediately repeated from the belfrys of all the churches in Lima. Life and action are then, as if by invisible hand, suddenly suspended; nothing moves but the lips of the pious, whispering their prayers. The Oracion being ended, every one makes the sign of the cross, and says to the person nearest him, Buenas noches (Good night.) The effect produced by the three strokes of the cathedral bell is truly astonishing. The half-uttered oath dies on the lips of the uncouth negro; the arm of the cruel Zambo, unmercifully beating his ass, drops, as if para- lyzed the chattering mulatto seems as if suddenly struck dumb the smart repartee of the lively Tapada is cut short in its delivery the shopkeeper lays down his move on the draughtboard; all, with one accord, join in the inaudible prayer. Here and there the sight of a foreigner walking along indifferently, and without raising his hat, makes a painful impression on the minds of the people. SKETCH OF LORD MA HON. As a speaker, Lord Mahon does not take high rank. His speeches, delivered by a man of greater oratorical power, would be hhhly effective. They always read "much better than they tell when heard. Yet, at times, the ferraur and enthusiasm of his nature, has enabled Lord Mahon to conquer his natural disadvantages and he has risen to the height of that eloquence which at once communicatee itself from the soul of the speaker to the sympathies of his audience, and which is above all forms, all artificial graces. But this is not the general cha- racter of Lord Mahon's Parliamentary speaking. Nature has not specially designed him to shine as an orator. He wants dignity of manner; his mode of delivery is feeble, confused, uneinphalic his voice wants tone and pliability; and there is a slight indistinctness in his ut- terance which impairs the effcct of the most dignified sentiments or the most choice language. The expression of his face is deeply thoughtful, and he has a?udent- like air and manner. But the countenance is not in his case a faithful index to the character for you do not see any traits of that loftiness of sentiment und gene- rosity of spirit which we have seen are the characteris- tics of his mind, as developed in his worksfmd'his public career. In his gait and general bearing he reminds one of Mr. Gladstone; but there is no resemblance in the face, which is sharp in features, His being near sighted also prevents the full play of his COllntenance.ri'£er'S Magazine. MVRRI.VOE. I ? Without doubt, here and there, in Skvillage, in a'^ar- rct, and sometimes even on a first fhor, some of those marriages are contracted which it has been deemed advi- abJe to distinguish from the generality, by the name of marriages of inclination, from which we may justly con- elude that other marriages are contracted without in- clination, that is to say, that,they are marriages of in- difference, and even of dislike. But, in most cases, it must be admitted that people marry in order to retrieve their fortune, exhausted by a reckless prodigality to exchange a plebeian name for one of higher pretension to procure the necessary funds for some speculation; to share the credit of some powerful house to perpetuate an immense fortune in the same family; to secure the favour of great relations who have made a point of such or such alliance; to regild with the ores acquired by commerce an old shield tarnished by poverty or to lie maintained respectably by a woman. These examples of venality and pride might be multiplied beyond calcula- tion, an d they are all palliated by the vain titles of mar- riages of reason, of position, or of propriety, in order that a decent name may be given to the most ignoble of all traffic, the barter of self, which, in most cases, has not as its excuse, or rather as its extenuating cause, either the impetuosity of passion or the want of educa- tion, or cold, or hunger. How many bachelors, be- coming more or less grey, say to you ingenuously, I' faith I am tired of a single life it is time that I should put an end to it You do not know by chance, do you, of something good fifteen or twenty thousand livres a year; a certain position in the world; a careful educa- tion, intellect, talents, and a face-not too much worn, (we must be pardoned the expression, in order that we may faithfully quote the language of these Philemons in search of a Baucis;) if you do, although she should be both ugly and a fool, I' faith I must make up my mind to it, if she possesses the other requisite advantages ?" The fact is, that in the eyes of a vast number of persons, marriage is rather a partnership than a state of wedlock an union of interests rather than of feel- ings; a sympathy of fortunes rather than of tastes; a fusion of property rather than of characters. People marry, less to be loved than to be benefitted, less to be cherished than to be nourished. They marry, not to share each other's joys and sorrows, affections, and antipathies; but to live, to work, and to eat together,— an arrangement which the economists declare to be less expensive and more lucrative than isolation. The torch of Hymen is consequently sometimes nothing more than a kitchen blaze; and when I see two affianced people without love, I always fancy I am contemplating a-beef- steak paying court to a boiled chicken. *—Loms Itosnnfjcr's Women.

I AGRICULTURE, MARKETS, &r. I I (From the ark Lane Express" I The weritber has undergone a decided impr. Yenl; indeed the last few days have been as favooirablt; fur to country as could be desired. The accounts which tafif9 us from the agricultural districts respecting sown Wheat describe the plant as KeaUhy and vigorP11^ in appearance, though backward for the time G- yejr no harm having, it seems, been done Ly the severity 0 I the winter. There is consequently nothing, as far ¡¡ our future prospects are concerned, to encourage specU* lation'; and an advance in prices, under these circus1' stances, can only be caused by the supplies falling sbOrt of the legitimate consumptive demand. Unimportafl as the stocks of Wheat now are at all the leadiiiS markets in the kingdom, quotations are likely to influenced in a greater degree than usual by the exteD of the weekly arrivals. Merchants and millers generally little reserve to fall back upon, and should the supplies at any time fall short of the quantity requIted for immediate use, a rise would be almost sure to fullovr, During the week now about to terminate, the deliveries from our own growers have been very small, nor b"e the supplies from abroad been by any means large the trade has, therefore, assumed a decidedly firm tone, gtili prices have rather tended upwards at some ot the principal provincial markets. That an actual advatlce has not taken place has, we believe, been owing to the rather large quantity of American Flour in warehouseí at some of the leading maritime ports. The arrivals Wheat coastwise into Lond48 have amounted to -& ql's: up to this (Saturday) evening. The quanti') brought forward at Mark Lane during the week w land-carriage samples from the neighbouring counties of Essex, Kent, and Suffolk has been trifling in the extreme. The trifling nature of the operations may be attributed more to the high pretensions of holders than to the absence of demand. The receipts of English Barley have been only moderate but with what Tral previously on hand and a fresh supply of 7,541 qr8, from abroad, there has been no scarcity of this graIn. The recent m- iterial decline in its value has, however, had the effect of bringing forward a few buyers; an besides what has been taken for local consumption* several cargoes have been purchased to ship round tl1 Wales, where the article is represented to be exceedingly scarce. Should the inquiry from that quarter eLntiUtle we might perhaps have a rise in prices but, most 0 our maltsters having left off buying, we are not ,nine as to any material advance. The Malt trade haSwconi* rather more active. The arrival of Oats from our own coast have amounted to 984 qrs., from Scotland ta 278 qrs., from Ireland to 643 qrs., and from abroad to- 9,015 qrs. for the week. The decrease in the foreigo supply, and the belief that the quantity now on passage: from the near continental ports is unimportant, have induced the dealers to purchase more extensively. s. s. i a. S. Wheat, Engl., red 72 to 78 Oats, English feed 29-31 White 76-80 Potatoe. 37 4a Norfolk & Suffolk 72—76 Youghall Black. 25 "I Do new 78-82 Scoteli feed 33 -ICY Barley, Malting 53 — 55 Irish Chevalier 50-53 Dublin. 27-30 Grinding 42 44 Londonderrv 31 — r Irish 30-33 Waterford white 26 — 3" Scotch. 46 — 50 Cionmel 31 3S Beans, Tick new.. 44 41 SBED, Rape. :311. 331. Harrow. 47 — 48 Irish —I.— per last Peas, Boiling 54 — 6i) Linseed,Baltic. 47 60 White 52 — 54 Odessa. 47-D 8-10 Maple. 53— 58 Brown.. 9 -10 per hush. Malt, Browil- 68-70 Flour,Town-made Chevalier 76 — 80 and best country Kingston & Ware. 72 — 78 marks 60 — Suffolk & Norfolk 70—72 Stockton 48 53 Rye, new 46 48 Norf. & Indian CorD 50-52 Irish GENERAL A VEltAGE PRICE OF COU N. Week ending April 3.—Imperial—General Weekly Average,-Wheat, 77s. Id Barley, -51s. 43 Oats, 3ls- 8d Rye, 57s. 7d Beans, 51s. 5d Peas, oils. lOd. Aggregate Average of six weeks which g-onrned DutY Wheat, TDS 6d.; Barley, 52s. lOd. Oats, 31s. 8d. Rye, 56s. t(d. Beans, 52s. 5d.; Peas, 56s. 10d. LONDON AVERAGES. E S. (I £ s. d, Wheat. 4,305 qrs.3 17 1 1 Rye. 142 qrs.2 16 0 Barley. 1,731 2 15 4 Beans.. 833 2 7 9 Oats. 5,198 1 16 0 Peas 453 2 17 3 SMITIiFIELD MARKET. For the time of year, the imports of live stock into London continue on a very moderate scale, those since this day se'nnight having been composed of only 220 Oxen and Cows, 121 Sheep, and 31 Calves, from Holland and Germany. These small importations are generally attributed to the comparatively high prices of stock noW ruling on the Continent, and which leave, notwithstanding the operation of our import laws, an unusually small margin of profit to the shippers. At Hull and the various other outports the arrivals have consisted of about 400 head chiefly of Beasts. There were on offer to-day about 200 beasts, 120 Sheep, and 19 Calves from abro., the whole of which moved off slowly on somewhat easier terms. From our grazing districts the arrivals of Beasts fresh up this morning were usually large indeed, it was one of the largest supplies on offer at this season for many years past. Notwithstanding the attendancc of buyers was large, the Becf tradt., owing to the im- mense number of Beasts on show, and the change in the weather, was excessively dull, at a decline on last week 3 prices of quite 2d. per the highest quotation fof the best Scots not exceeding 4s. 2d. per 81bs. At the close of business a large number of Beasts left the market unsold. The number of Sheep were considerably on the increase, and of very excellent quality. The primcst old Downs, which were rather scarce, moved o" slowly at last week s prices, viz., from *s. ioa. to os oa* per Sibs., bllt all other breeds were very dull and quite 4-ù. per 81bs. lower than on this day sr-nnight, With LambS we were scantily supplied, yet the Lamb trade \ih i" a very depressed state at a fall in value of Id. per Sibs., the highest figure not exceeding 6s. per 81bs. CAlves were in short supply and heavy demand at Friday's quotations. In Pigs very little was doing, and the ratt,9 had a downward tendency. A COMPARISON of the PRICES of FAT STOCK. sold in SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET, on MONDAY April 13, 1846, and Monday, April 12, 1847. Per 81bs. to sink the offal. April 13, 1816. April 12, 184". s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d. Coarse & inferior Beasts. 2 6 to 3 0 3 10 to 3 2 Second quality do 3 2 3 6 34 3 6 Prime large Oxen 3 8 3 10 3 8 3 10 Prime Scots,&c 404 2 40 42 Coarse & inferior Sheep.. 3 10 4 2 3 6 3 10 Second quality do. 444 6..40 4 4- Prime coarse woolled do.. 464 8..46 48 Prime Southdown do. 4 10 5 0 410 5 6 Lare coarse Calves. 46 5 0..40 46 Prime small do. 5 2 5 4 48 5 0 Large IIogs 3 6 4 6.. 3 8 4 4 Neat small Porkers 485 0 46 5 0 -=-' BUTTER, BACON, CHEESE, AND HAMS. s 8 C h ee,?(, s s I Cheese, per cwt. s. II. Dorset Butter,pr.fir. 54 — Double Gloucester.. 62 64 Fresh Butter, 14s. Gd. Single ditto 52 62 per dozen. Cheshire 56 g4 Irish, do., per cwt. Derby 58 66 Carlow, new 100 American 52 54 Sligo ,,80 Edam and Gouda.. 48 <? Cork, 1st 98 100 Bacon, new. 66 80 Watrford. 98 100 Middle — Foreign Butter, cwt. Hams, Irish 80 Prime Friesland.106 Westmoreland 96 Do. Kiel 102 — York. 90 000 PRICE OF TALLOW, &e. 1843. 1814. 1845. 1818. 1317. Stock this day 18,376..22,235..211,46..13,<>16..11,392 Price ofY.C..

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEIVED BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS :— LONDON: Mr. Barker, 33, Fleet-street,; Messrs Nevr- a G Rei-uell,42, Chan' ton & Co., Warwick-square Mr. G. RCYllell,4-2,Chan- eery-lane; Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbrook, near the Mansion House Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; W. Oa? son and Son, 74, Cannon-street; Mr. C Mitchell, Red Lion Court, Fleet-street: Messrs. Lewis and Lowe, 3' Castle-Court, Cornhill; Mr. W. Thomas, Catherin* street, Strand, Mr. H. Clarke, 29, Charing Cross, London. THIS PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by all the above agent* and also in London, at Peel's Coifeu-ilous-, No. ly and 178, Fleet-street.-—Deacon's Ctftfee-House, \Va!- brook, and the Auction Mart. -u_- f Printed and Published in Guiklhrll Square, in the Prisb Of St. Peter, in the County of the Borough of Carmarthen, fv the Proprietor, JOSEPH HEGINBOTTOM, of Pictun ToPf»Øf! In Ca-rmariUen aforesaid FRIDAY. APRIL 16. 1847