The Welshman

THE BISHOP OF ST. DAVID'S AND THE REV. F.. THOMAS.—A reference to the trial will show that the reverend gentleman was in possession of the livings in question when that event took place. The Bishop of St. David's, like his brother diocesan of Peterborough, had heard, upon the best authority, an accusation of gross immorality against a clergyman, and yet, when the latter succeeded as heir-at-law to two livings, in the diocese of St. David's, the Bishops enables him to take possession of them without let or hindrance. This is the real state of the case. JUSTITIA." The agitation about the marriage-question in the North of Ireland grows more formidable daily. At one of the meetings, in Newry, on Tuesday, a Reverend Mr. White remarked that the adverse decision rested upon a musty Saxon document a thousand years old. It would seem as if they saw we did not participate in the cry raised against the Saxons, and therefore they rake up papers a thousand years old, to make us hate Saxon laws, and Saxon justice, and every thing Saxon." CHURCH Disci PLINI-If an officer of the army had been guilty of conduct as contrary to the rules of his pro- fession as Mr. Marsh has been co nvicted of, he would have been shot or cashiered. Is it less contrary to the rules of the clerical profession to keep French mistresses and frequent houses of ill-fame, than to those of the mili- tary profession to run away in battle or to decline fighting a duel ? And yet in the one case the punishment is instant and severe, in the other it seems doubtful whe- ther the offender can be so much as compelled to retire on half-pay. What should we think of a general officer who claimed credit in the House of Peers for having winked at the gross misconduct of an officer who had got drunk and left his lieutenant to lead his regiment into action, because he was afraid of creating scandal and hurting the feelings of an aged mother ? And is it a less charge to lead a regiment than to lead a parish ? Can the discipline which is essential in the trade of killing men's bodies be safely neglected in that of savin2 their souls ? SEIZURE FOR CHURCH RATES.—An auctioneer, accompanied by a peace officer, proceeded to the house of Mr. Wilkins, of Richmond place, by authority from two justices of the peace, to levy by distress for church rates. On entering the house they requested the ser- vant to inform them where the plate basket was kept, but not receiving a satisfactory answer, they com- menced a search of the premises, and having found the basket they took such silver articles as they chose, and then proceeded to the house of the Rev. James Edwards, who, with his family, were from home. On being ad- mitted by the servant left in charge, they seized and took away six pictures, which had been presented to the reverend gentleman by a public institution in Brighton, a bed, two bolsters, and three blankets, two table- spoons, and five tea-spoons, for three church rates, amounting, exclusive of expenses, to £ 2 4s lid.- Brighton Guardian. TEMPLE OF JUGGERNAUT.—A despatch has been sent out from the Court of Directors of the East India Company to the Governor-General of India, relative to the temple of Juggernaut, and the superintendence of the native religious institutions. They transmit with it copies of a publication respecting the present state of the temple, in which are statements to the effect, that patronage and support, notwithstanding the abolition of the pilgrim-tax, are still afforded to Juggernaut, in the annual payment of 60,000 rupees for the maintenance of the temple, the fees of the pilgrim hunters, the embellishments of the idol, and the pomp of the festivals. They further request to be informed as to whether the trade of the Purkarees, or pilgrim-hunters, is continued, and the authority of the police employed to impress the labouring classes to drag the idol's car at the great festivals. Also, whether the trade of the Purkarees is sanctioned by the Government—whether the super- stition at Juggernaut" is now flourishing beyond all experience," and whether the loss of life among the pilgrims is as high as 50,000 yearly ? The despatch intimates that it is the express desire of the Court that the authority of the police may be employed on all occasions in preventing the people from dragging the idol's car. — Globe. A NEW RELIGIOUS SECT.—The Courtier Francais states that a most extraordinary scene was presented at the closing of M. Adam Mickiewitz's course of lectures on the Slave language at the College of France. At the end of his lecture the professor, who asserts that he is the apostle of a new revelation, called upon his auditors, amongst whom figured a number of women who were initiated in this still mysterious doctrine, and with the tone of an inspired prophet he summoned them to declare if they believed in the existence of this revelation. The answer, Yes,' was echoed from all parts of the hall with wonderful enthusiasm. There were remarked amongst the women stifled cries, sobs, tears, and all the symptoms of mystic enthusiasm approaching to ecstasy. Those amongst the auditory who were unacquainted with the new doctrine remained in profound amazement at this eccentric communion between the professor and his disciples, or rather between the apostle and his neophytes." The Primate of Ireland, by raising in the law-courts the question as to the legality of Presbyterian marriages, when one of the parties is a member of the English Church, had simply in view the preservation of an ecclesiastical monopoly but lo he has driven the Irish Presbyterians into open war against the State Church. The good Bishop of Meath has found himself constrained to throw the responsible office of archdeacon upon the young shoulders of his own son, the Rev. Edward Adderly Stopford. His lordship has not been much more than eighteen months on the bench, and already two of his sons have been richly provided for. One is treasurer to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and the other Archdeacon of Meath. The following resolution was adopted (on the motion of the Rev. Tresham Gregg) at the meeting of the Dublin Protestant Operative Society, on the 21st inst.: "That the universal outcry now made for the overthrow of the Irish Church, together with the melancholy accounts from England, are all attributable to the Duke of Wellington and Sir R. Peel, who, when in 1829 they broke in upon the constitution of 1688, promised peace and security to the Church, as they still do, while, in fact, assault, apprehension, and danger, are the result." The mover of this resolution is commonly know as the Reverend Trash Gregg." The Rev. John Jones, of Cradley, Worcestershire, a married man, has been suspended from the duties of his office by the bishop of the diocese, on a violent suspicion of having carried on an intercourse with a prostitute.-The Dublin BtcMtM? Mail has flatly re-asserted the state- ment which the Standard so authoritatively contradicts. We repeat (says the Mail), in the most emphatic terms of which language is capable, that such a com- munication has been made within tlTe last month, and that a determination of acting upon that despotic declaration has been subsequently announced. Every word of our statement is strictly and accurately true and, alas! there is much more that we might have added, but which, in the exercise of a fallible discretion, we deemed it a duty to reserve." An explosion in the Irish government offices is anticipated. The Rev. Dr. Colls, of Trinity College, Cambridge, formerly private secretary to Jeremy Bentham, has been holding him up to public odium as a filthy and brutish blas- phemer." Dr. Bowring has therefore published a letter addressed by Dr. Colls to Bentham, requesting to be reinstated in his secretaryship. The letter was written from the college of St. Bees, where Dr. Colls was then a student preparing for holy orders. It praises the fithy and brutish blasphemer" in terms of the most fulsome flattery, and the writer offers to blab to Bentham all that was going on in the college. Verily, Dr. Colls cuts but a sorry figure in this transaction. At Cambridge, the "signs of the times" are extremely ominous. A debate on the subject of monasteries" has occupied "The Union" three days in the present month; and on a division, it was affirmed by 88 votes against 60, that the dissolution of those religious houses, by Henry VIII., had been highly injurious to the country," and "the circumstances of the times imperatively demanded the restoration of similar institutions. The Vicar of Ware and his parish- ioners are still at sixes and sevens." When the churchwardens called him to account for his Puseyite practices, he fell back upon his" ordination vow so they have ransacked the laws and regulations of the establishment, and dragged to light all the obsolete observances to which he Las vowed obedience. These they require him to carry out, however ludicrous many of them might seem in the present day and thus they have got the poor vicar in a fix."

UNWARRANTABLE ASSUMPTION OF PATRO- NAGE ON THE PART OF THE BISHOPS. Sport that wrinkled Care derides, And Laugiiter holding both his sides." Trismegistus is the bishop of a rich and populous diocese. Philosophy says that knowledge is power." The converse, therefore, must be true, that power is knowledge; at least, it may serve for knowledge, and that is quite as good, as the will when enforced by power is said to stand for reason, the highest quality in human nature endowed by gr-ace-stat pro ratione voluntas. Preferment or patronage is obviously power, for it enforces obedience and Trismegistus has a world of patronage, enough to corrupt a conclave of cardinals, deprive them of all will of their own, and render them subservient to that of him who has so much to give. Trismegistus, in the exercise and display of his power, issues the following command to his obsequi- ous clergy, in the form of what is improperly called his charge Most cringing, base, and abject reverences, My very supple and approved good lick:spits,"— In virtue of my absolute power over you all, I command you, rectors, vicars, and curates, from henceforth to perform the service of your several parishes STANDING ON YOUR HEADf." No sooner is the decree sent out, than thousands of voices break forth in praise and exultation-" Oh how wise a decree Learned, happy, omnipotent Trismegistus, so to have enlightened and electrified thy portion of Christ's heritage, and not thy portion only, but the whole Church for undoubtedly ardent priests throughout the realm will desert their lagging bishops, and rush forward in execution of thy will and of thy glorious discovery happy diocese of Trismegistus, in which this service is to be performed in go simple, elegant, and truly Apostolic a manner—the officiating ministers all standing on their heads The popular part of the worship also, the singing, which our foolish reformers reserved to the whole congregation, their representative, the clerk, announcing it: the dirty knave shall announce it no longer: the priest, the priest shall give out, with sonorous voice, "Let us sing," though he never sings at all. How fortunate a discovery of the wise Trismegistus It is a miracle, an absolute miracle. A foolish divine here and there, blind to his own interest, may have hinted that he was content with the method approved and practised by Barrow, Tillotson, Juxon, Tenison, Skerlock, and Wake. But what ignorance and perverseness to oppose such men as these to the mighty Trismegistus! Vicarages and rectories are in his right hand, and in his left hand endowed chapels and stalls therefore he is infallible. But now comes out another decree. The people of England are so dark, besotted, and stupid-so infinitely behind the omniscient Trismegistus in intelligence, perception, and piety,—that they cannot discover the infinite advantage of the priest performing the service on his head; he shall, therefore, in future perform it on his toes. More ardent approbation follows the second announcement than the first-" What con- descension to the weakness of the laity! What ten- derness for their infatuation! No more performances on the head now, but all on the toes The heads have been dragged through the dirt, to be sure, therefore now the toes must be dipped in the puddle. I had rather the clergy trod, as heretofore," quoth the Archbishop calmly, on the plain broad footing of immemorial practice."—" Archbishop me, no Archbishop," quoth the great Trismegistus. Why, a'nt I viceroy over him ? Archbishop, indeed! Heads first, and toes next. This is imperative! How can you otherwise fulfil the Divine command ? The Kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship over them,, and they that exercise authority over them are called benefactors.' Am not I the benefactor of all of you ? And those that have got nothing do but expect the more." Such is Trismegistus, and such are his clergy! And yet, with the single endowment of immense patronage- improper and extravagant patronage-ruinous to the Church, and injurious to the independence of its professors, and which he is still endeavouring to increase at the public expense-I defy any of his worshippers to specify any quality or attainment in which he is superior to one half of those over whom he so commands. I am, Sir, SOTTOSOPRA. There can be no doubt who is meant by Tris- megistus" in the letter, and that certainly confirms the appositeness of the character. The Bishop of London had immense patronage on his promotion to the See of that name; but the suppression of the minor canonries, through the Ecclesiastical Commission, we are assured, has vastly increased his patronage, as well as that of the other Bishops throughout the kingdom. With his power thus augmented, he called upon the public in his diocese to subscribe money to build more churches, of which he constitutes himself the patron. "As many churches as you please," we should say, and may God prosper the work;" but we may fairly ask for the generous builders and donors some voice at least in the patronage, subject of course to such salutary checks as the Church may consider necessary. At present also we hear, that he has issued a mandate directing his clergy to call for more money. Under the abovecircumstances, however, we should not be surprised to learn that the unfair and unpopular character of the laws of patronage had affected the amount of subscriptions for by throwing the influence of such accumulated patronage into the hands of one, the public will very naturally feel that they are subverting the unity and simplicity of the Church, and destroying all liberty of thought & action in the clergy of its most important see. The Ecclesiastical Commission increased the episcopal patronage, and the Church is feeling at this moment the consequence of the abuse of that patronage, as the recent proceedings in a court of justice evince. The Church, we have above said, is suffering from the abuse of episcopal patronage. There is a species of benefice in the Church called donatives, or peculiars; to which Lord Cottenham alluded in a debate of Tuesday. These benefices, universally small ones, are generally also in the free gift of private persons. We are not aware that anything has been publicly proved, or even alleged, as to the manner in which they are either obtained or served; and yet, in all the movements of Church Reform, so called, we observe that the efforts of the Bishops have been directed to deprive these benefices of their free character, and to render them subject to their jurisdiction. If a case of public necessity, or even convenience, can be made out, of course the pri vate owners and ordinaries of these livings have nothing to do but to submit to a deprivation which certainly wears some appearance of injustice. But it must abate the zeal of Churchmen to enlarge the sphere of episcopal jurisdiction, when they find the Bishops themselves glad of excuses not to exercise it in the most atrocious case. Moreover, are the holders of these donatives, or peculiars, worse than certain episcopal nominees whom we could mention ?—Times.

TRIAL BY JURY. We have all been taught from our youth up to regard trial by jury with feelings of the deepest reverence; we call it the palladium of English liberty and profess our belief that on it rests the security and freedom of every English subject. He would be a rash man indeed who should gravely set to work with the intention of subverting this na- tional feeling, and propounding the heretical proposition, that an institution which has exhausted the vocabulary of patriotic eulogy may be easily preverted into an auxiliary of injustice and an abettor of crime. Apart, however, from any disposition to hazard a paradox for the:mere sake of paradox, it may be safely asserted that in the present day juries are almost as often wrong as right, and that their leniency is generally as much in poportion to the magnitude of the offence which is prov- ed, as their severity is to the innocence of the-accused. Instances of this kind-in which blunder-headed stupidity alternates with pertinacious malevolence—are daily occurring. We are not, however, about to take upon ourselves the grave responsibility of proposing the abolition of trial by jury, inasmuch as we are not prepared to recom- mend any substitute in its place. There are, indeed, not a few persons who are accustomed to cite the prac- tice of the equity courts for the purpose of demonstra- ting the feasibility of administering justice to litigant parties without the intervention of 12 men in a box. And these people ask, Why should not one man of education and intelligence, with a mind undisturbed by petty passions, unwarped by sordid interest, and checked, if not by the sense of right, at any rate by the power of public opinion-why should not such a man be ap- pointed to decide both on the law and the evidence of cases brought before him, instead of twelve bibulous, farinaceous, and pertinacious cultivators of the soil or breeders of oxen ? The answer to this is, that bad as juries may occasionally be, they have in former times been worse that the progress of society warrants the hope that they may become still better and that their errors are, on the whole, more on the side of lenity than harshness. At all events, people do not ask fot a change. They still toast trial by jury" after Liberal dinners, and will continue to toast it, in the face of the most unaccountable and perverse verdicts. Juries may have sympathies, judges ought to have none; and human imperfectibility will ever throw itself upon the country," rather than risk the solitary decision of the most impartial magistrate.- Times.

LORD BROUGHAM AND THE WORKING CLASSES.— Lord Brougham admits the sufferings and privations of the working classes but looking from the calm heights of his sublime philosophy, he declares that such mis- fortunes are the inevitable lot of human nature in all civilized society. He considers it quite absurd to expect that, by human means or by human laws, the Legislature should mitigate or altar that condition and those hard- ships which are the inevitable consequences of the mysterious dispensations of an all-ruling Providence Who can hear without disgust such sentiments as these from such a man ? Who can be without a feeling of regret and shame in beholding a man of such range of thought and such energy of expression as Lord Brougham, addressing himself to the task of asserting the inevitableness of human toil, and suffering, and poverty, in the richest kingdom of the World ? It is most disgraceful in a man circumstanced as he is to utter such sentiments. Will he have the effrontery to tell us next that, owing to the mysterious dispensation of an all-ruling Providence," he must have £ 5,000 a- year out of the public treasury ? That he must have a noble mansion in London, and give sumptuous enter- tainments there, suitable for the- wealthiest aristrocracy in the world ?-that he must have a" hall" in the north, to soothe him in the hot weather of the summer, and a chateau in the south of France, to which he may betake himself in our early winter, lest haply the winds of heaven should visit his delicate face to roughly ? Must all these things, too, be thrown upon the mysterious dispensations of Providence" bringing about^ these inevitable consequences ?" Away with such monstrous and disgusting profanation of awful words! Let Lord Brougham strip himself of the wealth derived from the taxes-of the wealth which would comfortably support 100 labouring families, and which is spent by him in luxurious indulgence-let him do this, and then let him speak as calmly as he may of the inevitable hardships and sufferings of the poor.-Monillg Post. MH. ROWLAND 1-11 LL.-WE hear with much pleasure that a plan has been set on foot for a national testimo- nial to Mr. Rowland Hill. It has been said, with truth, that if every one who has saved a penny in correspon- dence through the new system would but enclose a penny stamp to the author of the penny postage, the amount subscribed would realize a handsome fortune. The idea is excellent, and the plan requires only to be well orga- nised, to be attended with the most perfect success. No subscription would be more universal. But the public, for their own interests, should not only do this, but more ;-they should insist, through their representatives, that Rowland Hill should be placed in his proper posi- tion in the Post Office, with full, free, and unfettered power to carry out his plans to their full extent which have yet been. but partially developed.— Westminster Review

MURDER—TRIAL OF T. THOMAS, OF I GELLYGAER. At the Assizes held at Monmouth last Wednesday, Thomas Thomas was indicted for the wilful murder of his illegitimate female child, aged three weeks, on the 16th of November last. The prisoner, who is about 29 years of age, is a farmer in good circumstances, lately residing at the Hendai farm, in the parish of Gellygaer, in the county of Glamorgan, and is unmarried. It appeared that he had formed a connexion with a woman of about his own age, whose name was Gwinifred Jones, who lived as servant with a Mr. David Davies, of Pen- craig Bargod, about a quarter of a mile distants from the Hendai farm. By this woman he had a child some years back, who is now living, and Gwinifred Jones, having again become pregnant by him, applied on the 24th of October last to Mary Rees, the wife of one David Rees, of Penrhiw, whose house is distant about a quarter of a mile frotn the Hendai farm, to al- low her to be confined at her house. On the 25th of October, the day following, she was delivered there of a girl, for whom some baby linen had previously been made, by her direction, by a person named Catherine Joues. One of the articles of dress made for the child was a frock composed of lilac-coloured calico, and there was also a cap with a border, attached to which was a plaid riband. On the 4th of November, when the child was about ten days old, the prisoner met Mary Rees near her own house, and after inquiring into the state of Gwinifred Jones's health, made an appointment to see her on a subsequent day. The prisoner did not keep that appointment, but afterwards he and Gwinifred Jones met in a shed near David Rees's house, and, as she stated, the prisoner then requested her to meet him at Cross Penmain with the child, as he wished to have it nursed by an old servant of his father's, named Harry Daniel, who lived at a farm belonging to the prisoner at Mynydduslwyn, in the county of Monmouth. Accordingly, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon of the 16th of November, Gwinifred Jones left David Rees's house, taking with her the child, dressed in the lilac-coloured frock, with the cap and riband before described, and also a bundle of child's clothes. At Cross Penmain she met the prisoner, who was walking, and leading a mare, and on their way to Mynydduslwyn she gave the child to the prisoner to carry. They passed through a gate near Sir Benjamin Hall's park, and when they came to a second gate the prisoner informed Gwinifred Jones that the house where he meant to put the child was close by, and that she had better wait there with the mare, while he took the child to the nurse, as there was no way for the mare to go through the fields. She gave him the bundle of child's clothes, and he went away, and was absent about 20 minutes, when he returned, saying that Harry's wife was gone to Liverpool, and that he had left the child with the old man. It appeared that Daniel had never been requested by the prisoner to nurse the child, and no child was ever brought to him for that purpose. The prisoner and Gwinifred Jones returned together to Cross Penmain, where they parted, and Gwinifred Jones slept with a woman named Ann Pugh. In the course of the night she cried very much, saying she was grieved at having been parted from her child, who had that day been put out to nurse at Rhymney, which lies in a totally different direction from Mynydd- uslwyn. Gwinifred Jones afterwards saw the pri- soner, & inquired after the little girl, who he said, was very well, but shortly afterwards he said that she was dead, and told Gwinifred Jones that the child had only been ill two days. She expressed a hope that there had been no foul play, and he said, Oh dear! do not think of that." On the 28th of November the body of a child, dressed as the little girl was when Gwinifred Jones left the house of David Rees, on the 16th inst., was found in the Abercorne-canal, near the house of Mr. Llewellyn, and no great distance from the gate where the prisoner had desired Gwinifred Jones to remain with the mare. It was tied up in a sack, with a piece of iron tramplate partly in the sack also. An inquest was held on Ihe body, and rumours having got abroad unfavourable to the prisoner, a man who worked on Mr. Davies's farm went to him to talk about the matter, and the prisoner said he knew nothing about it, but that if Gwinifred Jones would swear he had the child, he was sure to be hung. He was persuaded to go and see her, and an in- terview took place, after which he left Gellygaer and went to Bristol. On the 13th of December a warrant was issued against him, but he was not discovered by the officers of justice, and he gave himself up on the 29th of December at Merthyr. The chief witness against him was the woman Gwinifred Jones, independent of whose testimony there was no case at all against him and it was urged that she, by her evidence, had fixed upon the prisoner the commission of a crime which otherwise would have been laid at her own door, she having been the last person who was seen with the child. It appeared that her character was very indiffe- rent, and 10 or 12 witnesses gave the prisoner an ex- cellent character for humanity. The Jury returned a verdict of Sot guilty. The trial lasted from 9 in the morning till half-past 6 in the evening.

I CRIM CON. At Coventry last week an action was brought by Hunt against Hicklin, for criminal conversation with the plaintiff's wife. The plaintiff, Henry Hunt, kept a gin-shop at Bed- worth, and was married to his present wife in 1831. The defendant, Mr. Joseph Hicklin, was a riband manufacturer in a small way. It appeared that the husband had received some information, and on Sunday, the 16th of July last, having dined at home with his wife, he pretended to be going to Foleshill, a distance of two or three miles, and went out, but returned some hour or two afterwards; and on moving a part of a plank (previously prepared) between the passage and the sitting-room, saw the defendant in the act of com- mitting the offence for which the action was brought. The case, however, was somewhat remarkable, as there was no evidence whereon a verdict could possibly be founded, except the admissions of the defendant himself. Ann Bird.—Was the servant of the plaintiff. Mr. Hicklin was often at the house as late as 11 o'clock at night, and after the plaintiff was gone to bed. She had been sent out as many as four times when nobody was there but the defendant and Mrs: Hunt, and had also been many times sent to bed but this last had happened when other persons were there. When sent to bed while Hicklin was there she was told she wasn't to make a noise, or to show a light, for fear she should wake her master. Her master, though a gin-shop keeper, worked as a carpenter and joiner. On nights that were not busy he used to go to bed before her mis- tress when there was any company in the house. When she was sent out was to fetch candles, feed chickens, and the like. On the Sunday in question her master was going to Foleshill, and her mistress told her to call him (he had gone to lie down) at 3 o'clock in the af- ternoon, and get his horse ready for him. She (the mistress) dressed for church and went out on foot about half-past 3 o'clock. Mr. Hicklin came. The witness and her mother were told to go out the back way and pay a visit, and did so, leaving no one but Hicklin and Mrs. Hunt there. The plaintiff shortly afterwards called in the constable, who drove the wife by his desire to a house at Foleshill, where Hicklin subsequently came and went up into the bed-room where she was lying down on the bed, and called her a Maumsey" for' crying, and was very free in his manner with her. The constable and a man named Kelly then prove d admissions by the defendant, that the husband had re- moved the board and got into the room and caught them in the fact, and that he was down upon him or by his side before he knew what he was about. The language of the admissions is wholly unfit for pub- lication. Verdict for the plaiittiff-Damages E50.

FEES TO JUSTICES' C I.E Rxs .-Saturday last a poor and wretched-looking man was charged before a bench of magistrates at the county prison, Oxford, with stealing a peck of turnips, the property of a farmer named Dean. The prisoner acknowledged his guilt, but said he had been driven to the commission of the offence by want. The magistrates having made up their minds to commit the unfortunate man to prison, inquired of their clerk, Mr. Walshe, what the expenses in the case were. Mr. Walshe replied, I ls. and the bench ordered the prisoner to pay this sum, together with 2s., the value of the turnips, and 2s, fine, making altogether 15s., or stand committed to prison-for three weeks. The poor man declared he could not pay 15d., much less 15s., and was accordingly committed to prison. The prosecutor, supposing the case to be done with so far as he was concerned, was about to depart from the court, when Mr. Walshe demanded payment of the lis., his expenses. The prosecutor hesitated, said he did not understand why he should be saddled with such expenses for merely discharging his duty towards himself and the public, and added something about its being much cheaper letting the thief off with his booty than seeking for punishment for the offence. Mr. Walshe, however, said the lis. must be paid; but added, by way of salvo, that in that amount the constable's expenses were included. To many persons such a charge may appear startling, but these are invariably made by the justices' clerks at petty sessions. —Morning Chronicle. ROUGH JUSTICE.—-Two men, Bates and Coulston, were separately indicted at the Rutland assizes, the one for burglary, the other for arson. In each case, the evidence appears to have been weak in the extreme against the prisoners, excepting that Farage, the gaoler, deposed that he overheard them conversing in their cell (by pulling off his shoes, and listening at the door) -their conversation, in fact, convicted them. Now, when we hear so much of the improved state of prison discipline, and of the better-class men from whom go- vernors of prisons are now appointed, it becomes worth while to inquire whether such miserable espionage as this is a part of the improved discipline. If it be, then gaolers must of necessity be very doubtful charac- ters and juries ought to be slow to receive the word of a man who is capable of admitting that he had recourse to such disreputable means of furthering his purpose. In the case of Coulson, the committing justice says that, when brought before him, he was told that what he said would be taken down." No such caution, how- ever, was given when the gaoler pulled off his shoes at the door to play the eaves-dropper. It is impossible to read these cases without wonder-first, that the officer should conceive himself justified to take such a step; secondly, that any judge should allow it to pass unre- proved and thirdly, that a jury should be found who could convict on such doubtful testimony.

THE REPORT ON SOUTH WALES. To the Editor of the Times. SIR,-The report of the commission of inquiry into the state of South Wales having been made, it will be asked-Will the high-raised expectations of the people be satisfied ? Most assuredly they will not. Bitter disappointment will be felt, mingled with scorn and contempt, at such a paltry result of the parade and promise connected with the appointment of the com- mission. May it please your Majesty,"—so beginneth the report. It may please Her Majesty's Ministers it will not please Her Majesty's subjects in her dominion of Wales. It was long known that the rural popula- tion of the principality were suffering greatly, but it was reserved for The Times to place the state of South Wales before the world in its true light. Those graphic descriptions of the supercilious insolence of the squire- archy-those touching details of the tyrannical proceed- ings of the magistracy-and those clear and undeniable statements of the grinding oppression of the landlords and their overbearing, griping agents, effected greater good for Wales than thousands of such reports as this will ever accomplish. An Englishman can have little conception of the state of society in our rural districts. Could a Kentish yeoman, or a Yorkshire farmer, take his stand in a Welsh town during an assize week, and see a Welsh squire issue from his inn, followed by a tenant or two, he would blush with indignation. The master," as he is still slavishly designated, striding along, 'snuffling and snorting, ready to burst with self- importance, and the poor serfs, hats in hand, bowing and crouching at every step, following him to catch, if possible, an intimation of his will and pleasure. Dig- nity of human nature, quotha! what a practical com- ment does such a scene supply The advent of the accursed Poor Law added to the evils already endured by the Welsh farmers; here, as everywhere else, it inflicted its usual amount of misery on the pauper, and increased taxation on the ratepayer. The Welsh were indignant at seeing the whole staff- appointment of paid officials installed to do what had hitherto been done, gratuitously, by their own over- seers. The Poor Law with its attendant miseries, and the turnpike-gate system with its robbery and plunder, at length roused the people. Seeing no hope of redress —met on every hand by haughty indifference, pride, and insolence, they took the matter into their own hands. The result has been seen. Timely concessions might have prevented much that followed. Had but one- fourth the number of gates afterwards removed been at once taken down, it would have gone far to satisfy the people. But things were permitted to go on from bad to worse. Troops, forsooth, were sent for, and the ridiculous farce of hide and seek was played at for some months by the military and the Rebeccaites. Matters had gone too far. The Times raised its voice so powerfully and so effectually, that the Government was forced to attend to it. This commission of inquiry was appointed. Greatly were the Ministers bepraised for the measure; great were the expectations of the people. The gentlemen, with their roving commission, came down. The course they pursued was regularly laid by you before the public,—edifying to the beholders, and pleasant to themselves, doubtlessly. They sat for a few days in a town, and then—presto, begone-they were off to another. At some places the crier was sent out to say their honours had arrived, and that those who had grievances, of whatever nature, or kind, or colour, they might be, were to repair to a certain alehouse to get them redresse'd. <II The gulls hastened to the appointed rendezvous, out found the peripatetic righters of wrongs had decamped and so the humbug went on. The commissioners at length returned to headquarters, just as their predecessor, Van Amburgh, had done a few months before them. I pretend not to determine which party effected the greatest good for Wales. But we Welshmen were asking all the while, where is the redress of grievances ? Ay, where indeed ? In vain may we seek it in the report. The grievances the commissioners love to dwell upon are the use of the Welsh language and the broken gates. The remedy they suggest for the cure of all the evils and miseries of Wales is the consoli- dation of the turnpike trusts and the abolition of the language. Swift's professors at the Royal Academy of Latupa were mere dunces compared with our commis- sioners, as to a wise adaption of means to an end. They only set about extracting sunbeams from cucum- bers, and nourishing food from night-soil, while their machine for cutting sprouts from cabbage-stumps failed for want of a garden large enough to hold it. Our re- dressers of wrongs find miseries to be relieved, op- pressions to be removed, an irritated, insulted people to be conciliated, and behold what admirably adapted means they suggest for the attainment of the desired end History presents a thousand instances of such moon-blindness, but they have always been the percur- sors of some dire catastrophe.—I am, Sir, very respect- [ fully Yours, I fully Yours, Ji. 1. I Carmarthen, March 29.

TROUBLES OF THE IRISH TAIL.-The following paragraph from Ireland and its Rulers," goes back to the time of the first Reformed Parliament -it is very clever. Notwithstanding the abuse which the Agitator con- tinued to pour forth upon the Whigs, there was on the part of many of the Popular party a growing desire for a truce with the Government. In truth some of the Popular leaders began to find that keeping up the Repeal cause was very expensive to themselves. Several of the Tail M.P.s were very desirous of a good under- standing with the men in power. They found them- selves hard pinched to keep up a Senatorial appearance. Some of them had a little professional practice previous to their Parliamentary election, and they had lost it altogether. Others of them had hoped to achieve eminence in the House of Commons, and had been heartily laughed at for their pains. Elevated to situa- tions that had once been highly honourable, they found the res augusta domi excessively disagreeable; for their cold mutton was particularly flavourless to men who had little resemblance to honest and witty Andrew Marvell, except in their straitened circumstances. They found themselves beset by a horde of place- hunters, followers, electioneerers, and hungry half- starved adventurers. Most persons despised them, but the truly charitable pitied them and really they had got into such a plight, that their own feelings were sufficiently hard to bear without being exposed to the contumely of others. The mere vulgar John Bullish public, at witnessing their shabby appearance, despised them as poor in purse; the men of the world, when they saw them crawling at the heels of 0 Connell, con- demned them as poor in spirit; and politicians, at observing their want of wit, acquirements, eloquence, and information, derided them as poor in talent. Their position with their followers was excessively embarrassing. They were excruciated by constant appeals for the patronage which they did possess-for the money of which they had so very little-for recom- mendations to their high acquaintances," who dwelt not in May Vair, but in the Irish fancies of the needy applicants. Not a day passed over their heads without some Irishman of "derided genius," or wonderful talents," or "unparalleled acquirements," being recom- mended to their especial friendship and favour. And then, the dreadful difficulty of having to maintain appearances in London! Imagine the situation of persons who had been nobodies at home trying to be somebodies in England! LABOURERS WAGES.—Agricultural labourers' wages arc, beyond all doubt, most miserably low,—much lower than they have been in our time. Large families are in a state of starvation. We know it. Their cottages arc in many instances, most wretched and inadequate and, what is worse, they are becoming daily more crowded. But it matters not how capacious they are, for they are only made to hold more. Landowners will as soon build dens for wild beasts on their land as add to the number of cottages. Every additional labourer on their estates is a lion in the way." Labourers are driven, as Mr. Bankes confesses, to dwell in the most wretched hovels, and to cling to a life-interest in a heap of mud, as if it were a dtikedoni.-Ti)iteiy.

THE WHIG PARTY AND THE TORY PREMIER. Sir Robert Peel's speech on Lord Ashley's amendment is a remarkable confirmation of certain fears which we remember to have been felt for him a few years back, in a most friendly quarters. For ten years-no small period in the life of man—Sir Robert thought it politic to hide his wisdom, and meekly bow his head in silence under the storm of Whig ascendancy. For ten years he considered it his place to oppose, to baffle, to convict, to qualify, but not to advise. He had not been called in. It was not, therefore, his place to initiate. It was his duty to speak only when spoken to-a rule of propriety applicable to some classes, among whom Sir Robert appears to have included the adult statesman. He stood by. The Whigs, rash, blind, precipitate, rushed into the most desperate and ridiculous scrapes. Sir Robert looked on neither in sorrow nor in anger. Brought over and over again to a dead fix" by their own preposterous folly, they actually implored, with more than speechless eloquence, the aid of some abler practitioner. Well, what do you advise ? What would you have done ? IV, hat's your plan ?" It's your place to consider all that, gentlemen," was his only reply. You possess all the sweets of office; you enjoy the confidence of the public patient; we watch 'with some interest the treatment you are pursuing and, being a little concerned in the matter, will avail ourselves of the right to interfere, when we see you carrying your quackery too far nor is it inconsistent with our views to instil a general suspicion of your incompetcncy but as for advice and assistance, not a syllable shall you have. Let the sufferer call us in, and then we will consider his case, and do our best." Now, all this might be politic. The result seems to show that. The homoeopathic statesmen, who anticipated revolt by rewarding sedition, were at last forced to retire, and the old alteratives walked in. But we most seriously doubt the duty of this Parliamentary silence and whatever be the result to individuals, the result to the nation is unfortunate. The doctors don't appear to unlearn their silence. They can't shake off their acquired reserve. They still use their eyes, and are very clever, and seem perfectly to understand the case but they do nothing. It is their fate still to stand by.- Times.

ON DISTRESS FOR RENT.—To exhibit the dishonesty of this law, let us imagine two persons with an equal sum of money at starting in life, the one embarks in either agriculture or trade, the other purchases land or houses. The one in trade or farming employs his utmost ingenuity to promote his object, competition obliges him to toil early and late; to aid him he gives employment to assistants, varying in degree, and expends money in machinery, and makes large outlays for various objects in prosecuting his trade. In course of his transactions he meets with debtors who are either unwilling or unable to pay for his productions. No power of seizure is given to him, but he must seek pay- ment by process at common law and should the debtor finally become (which it is to be feared many have become from a distress for rent) bankrupt, the creditor gets in many cases, 5-16ths of a penny in the pound for his debt. Not so with the landlord; he gets his rent, with one exception only, and that is when more than 12 months is due, and then he shares with the creditors for all exceeding one year. What is rent ? It is the profit derived from the employment of capital. Why should it receive protection in one case and not in the other ? A landlord possibly would urge that the profit obtained by rent is not equal to traders, and therefore he requires the law of distress but let it be borne in mind that trade is now conducted at a minimum profit. But supposing the landlord to make a bad debt, he still retains his property. The trader, on the contrary, has lost his money and goods (property). If we ask, why are these things ? the answer is, simply because the House of Commons is composed of landlords or their nominees, and they make the laws. The law of distress is one of the monster tribe. TOLLS AND CORN LAW.—The evil tolls" referred to in Magna Charta, are illegal tolls-tolls demanded, like the old Scarborough Pier Duty, without lawful au- thority. Whether the Bread Tax, imposed by a Legis- lature of Landlords for their own benefit, can be consi- dered legal, according to the spirit of Magna Charta, is questionable—the Parliament which enacted the Corn Laws having been notoriously neither a full, fair, nor free representation of the people.- Gateshead Observer. FACTORY LABOUR.—Let us ask those honourable members who intend to oppose Lord Ashley to-morrow night this one question-What do they think would be the result of a law which abolished the Sunday, and enacted that all men might on that day carry on their usual trades and avocations ? I wish to put aside (for the purpose of argument) the religious part of the ques- tion, and simply ask them to consider what would be the effect of thus adding one-seventh to the labour and productive industry of the country. If the arguments of the ablest speakers who have resisted Lord Ashley's amendment be correct and well-founded, such proposi- tion ought to have their support, for thereby our com- mercial greatness" would be increased, and the opera- tive would obtain during the year higher wages." But is there any man not absolutely blind and deaf to all sense of the true welfare of a people who would not deprecate the abolition of the Sunday as a day of rest, as the heaviest curse which could fall upon the country, and fraught with incalculable mischief to the labourer himself? and yet much of what has been urged against a Ten-Hours' Bill would be equally cogent as an argu- ment for an abolition of a law which now abstracts one whole seventh portion from the labour of the com- munity. Surely this consideration that there are other evils more fearful than a possible fall of wages, and other considerations of a greater weight, when the factory system is dealt with, than the productive power of machinery, or the dread of foreign competition. HOW TO SECURE A CROWDED CONGREATION.—On Sunday forenoon, in a certain place of worship, not in Gateshead, nor yet a hundred miles distant therefrom, the minister informed his flock that he had an im portant communication to make to them in the evenin g -important, not merely to them but the whole boroug h -we are not sure that he did not say the whole of Christendom. His chapel, of course, was crowded in the evening, and his congregation were on the tenter- hooks of impatience until the secret was revealed. At length, out it came. The Rev. Mr. he said, was about to visit the town, to deliver lectures; and he most solemnly warned his hearers not to go near so eloquent and wily a heretic This advice, which he had assembled so large an audience to receive, will no doubt have the effect of very materially enlarging the congregations of the heretic; for one-half, at least, of the sons and daughters of Eve, on whom the injunction was imposed, will be tempted to taste the forbidden fruit.-Gateshead Observer. MARRIAGE PROMISE.—At the Assizes held at Glou- cester, an action was brought last Saturday by Harbert against Edgington, for a breach of promise of marriage, to which the defendant pleaded, in the first place, that he never did promise to marry the plaintiff, and se- condly, that she was not of sober or temperate habits, but was accustomed to get drunk with wine and spi- rituous liquors. It appeared from the evidence that the defendant Mr. Edgington, was a tenant of Lord Leigh, occupying a farm of some 300 or 400 acres in the same neighbourhood as the plaintiff, who was living as housekeeper with her two bachelor uncles who were farmers at Broadwell. In April last year he took a farm, called Frogmore, which brought him nearer to Broadwell, and on the second of that month, he asked one of the plaintiff's uncles if he was willing to part with his housekeeper, as he intended to make her his wife. After this he was received as the intended hus- band of the plaintiff, and visited the house two or three times a week, till Thursday the 8th day of June, when he fixed the day of marriage for that day week. From that time the defendant cooled greatly in his attentions, and on the Tuesday following he requested that the marriage might be put off till the beginning of the next week, on the plea of ill-health. Nothing more was heard of him till the 24th June, when the plaintiff re- ceived a letter from him, and in which he stated that he was in a very unsettled state of mind in consequence of an anonymous letter which he had received, and which charged the plaintiff with being of intemperate habits. After receiving this letter, Miss Harbert, accompanied by her sister, went over to Mr. Edgington, when he said he did not believe the anonymous letter. He told her not to fret about it," and said he was willing to carry on the correspondence as if nothing had occurred, but nothing more was heard from him about the marriage, and upon being pressed upon the subject, he said, I suppose you must action me," and on another occasion he said If she wants L200 or E300, I suppose she must have it." To rebut the charge contained in the defendant's plea, a great number of witnesses were ex- amined, consisting not only of her relatives, but several servants who had lived with her uncles and her medical attendant. The general effect of their evidence was, that she was extremely temperate, but it seemed that she was subject to bilious attacks which occasionally caused sickness; to severe tooth-ache, for which she smoked tobacco from a pipe; and to an affection of the throat for which she was directed to take frequent draughts of tincture of iodine in a wine glass of cold water, and which looked very like sherry and water. On the other hand several servants who had lived with her uncles during her residence there, deposed, that she was frequently sick from intoxication, that she drank two or three glasses of brandy a day, which she di- rected them to procure, but not to let her uncles see anything of it, that she was in the habit of smoking cigars, and that she kept a bottle of spirits in her bed- room. The Jury consulted for some time, and then found a verdict for the plaintiff-damages £200. MATRIMONY.—Much mischief and misery are caused by itinerant dealers in drapery and other goods, who entice thoughtless wives to become members of a manadge that is, to pay a certain sum per week for a shawl or other article, always sold at an exorbitant price. A married man, who resides on the High Fell, told us the other day that his wife trades with these pedlars. When she falls in arrear, her creditors come upon her spouse for the money. He has paid pounds upon pounds" in this manner, for goods which he has never seen his wife wearing, and which he supposes she must have sold or pawned, to raise money for various purposes. Her recklessness reduces her family to poverty and distress, and her husband intends to cry her down in the papers," if she persist in dealing with the" manadge man.-Gateslicad Observer.

I JUSTICES' JUSTICE. CONVICTIONS BY JUSTICES.—Mr. Justice Williams recently discharged a prisoner on the ground of infor- mality in a conviction. The conviction recited that a complaint had been made upon oath, and then declared that the Justice had examined into the complaint and heard the parties, and had convicted the defendant. The learned judge thought the conviction deficient in not stating that the examination had itself been taken on oath. We have some doubts of the correctness of this decision, but, assuming it to be perfectly correct, it exhibits a state of things which it would be well if the law at once reformed. Convictions by Justices are too much protected on the one hand, and too much open to small verbal objections on the other. If a justice is wrong in fact, but takes care distinctly to state the fact on the face of the conviction, his error, however gross, is not allowed to be disputed. The case of Brittain v Kennaird established this rule, which has been acted on ever since. It is contrary to all common sense that this should be the rule. Juries mistake facts-with regard to them the doctrine of human fallibility is admitted—their verdicts are set aside, and new trials granted, in order that the administration of justice may be satisfactory. But with respect to justices, who are furnished with the same means of knowing the truth, no such practice is permitted. They may be absurdly wrong in fact, and yet what they do is con- clusive. But if they happen to make a slip in a trifling matter of form-if, as in the case reported in our paper of to-day, they omit a statement which strict logic would require, but which the ordinary mode of speaking and writing would treat as unnecessary, or would at least assume to have been made, the omitted statement is treated as indispensable to the validity of the conviction, and all that the justices have done is valueless. Surely this is sacrificing substance to form —it is refusing substantial justice and encouraging trifling and vexation. The reverse of the present practice is that which ought to be established.—The conviction should be liable to be impeached, on the ground that it was not warranted by the facts, but no objections of form should be allowed to prevail against it, unless by the error in form there had been a real misleading of the parties, or unless such defectiveness of form was shown to be the consequence of the defetive- ness of proof of some matter of substance, without the presence of which the conviction ought not to have taken place.—Among the useful measures of Law Reform, one which should regulate, in all cases whatever, the subject of convictions by justices, would not be the least useful to practitioners, nor the least satisfactory to the public.-Municipal Gazette. JUSTICES' CLERKS.—The following letter from The Times of Wednesday last, seems to us admirable. The writer is evidently well informed on the subject, and sees clearly where the evil lies, and, to our minds, has exactly hit the remedy. If Sir James Graham will carry out the suggestion in a suitable manner, he will do a greater service than is to be attained by any of the Bills he is now encumbered with.—Sir,—I know what an evil it must be to you to become the moderator of a public controversy, yet as a communication from me led, in the first instance, to your introduction of the subject, I entreat you to allow me a little space to set this question of fees in what I believe to be its true light. The issue is not whether a justices' clerk is over- paid, but whether a complainant or a defendant is over- charged, or properly charged at all, for the costs of a successful accusation. If the Legislature has decided that for certain offences the maximum of punishment shall be a fine of 40s. or E5, then it seems clearly un- just to convict a party in 40s. plus the costs. Common sense, on the other hand, tells us that to inflict a penalty in the name of costs, on a man who has de- served well of the public for convicting a party of a public offence is irrational even to absurdity. Yet the labourer is worthy of his hire, whether he is a justices' clerk or anybody else. If we look to the way in which the evil has originated, we shall be at no loss to dis- cover an easy and equitable remedy for it. Of late years the number of statutory offences, if I may be allowed the expression, has been enormously extended, and the extension has added largely, not only to the burden but to the intricacy of the magisterial duties. The vigilance of the press has also been more excited, and its power more generally acknowledged, than it was some 30 years ago; and hence the sense of responsi- bility for the due discharge of those duties has become more painfully acute. Every mistake is liable to ex- posure, and its exposure often leads to expensive, if not successful, litigation at the suit of the aggrieved party. It has resulted from this that our country magistrates have generally flinched from the administration of justice, except at petty sessions, where they diminish by di- viding responsibility with each other, and secure at the same time the protection of a well-educated attorney as their adviser, under the name of the Justices' Clerk." I can well recollect the time when any country squire of decent education and good sense felt, and really was, competent, with Bum's Justice on the one hand, and the constable on the other, to keep the whole parish in order; and, with a few casual blunders, and, perhaps it may be owned, a little oppressive partiality now and then, to administer substantial justice with little trouble or cost to anybody. When I was a boy, I used myself to be fined about once or twice a month, for some wanton mischief or other, by a magistrate in this neighbourhood but he gave me no trouble beyond the fine, as he only sent me a courteous invitation to his house, half a mile off, and after tendering the usual refreshment, and made me stand at the end of his table, heard the charge, and convicted me I paid the fine, a shilling for a summons, and there was an end of the matter. Now, however, things are altered; and to discharge even their ordinary duties with safety, the same class of men must have their attorney always at their elbow, to supply them with that legal know- ledge which Burn's Justice can no longer summarily convey, and which certainly is not to be found with partridges in a wheat stubble. In other words, we are actually living under the stipendiary system, and our magisterial law is administered by a paid assessor, though he is unacknowledged, and the public loses the immense advantage of official responsibility. Why, then, not do that openly which is daily done clan- destinely ? Why not appoint at once a class of sti- pendiary magistrates, properly educated for their im- portant office, and required to make their hebdomadal circuit through their own and the neighbouring villages ? Such men might be paid, and liberally paid, out of the county rates, and yet a large annual saving effected; and, what would be a yet greater boon, they would form a very efficient and frequent tribunal by occasionally meeting in sessions together-a tribunal by which even felonious charges might be speedily disposed of, to the great relief of the assizes and the reduction of the county-rate, now swelled by costs of long and unneces- sary imprisonment until trial. I have communica- ted the outline of such a plan to Sir J. Graham; and as it may be carried into execution without trenching in any degree upon the much-cherished distinction of the magisterial "order," I trust that he will submit the measure to parliament.—I am, Sir, yours, &c., A DEPUTY LIEUTENANT.

I LONDON GAZETTE. BA" KItTTPTS.-( Friday, 31arch 29.)-G. and R. Cave, Banbury, Oxfordshire, drapers.—J. Balls, Holloway- road, Islington, livery-stable keeper.—T. Smith and J. Osborne, Redcross-street, Southwark, builders.—John Peaten, Paddington-street, St. Marylebone, ironmonger. -C. Deane, Southampton, coach builder.—W. Beckitt, Doncaster, Yorkshire, money scrivener.—H. H. Wright, ILitton Grange, Shiffnall, Salop, cattle dealer. BANKRUPTS.—( Tuesday, April 2.)—J. Game, Long Melford, Suffolk, corn dealer and maltster.—J. S. Christophers, East India-chambers, Leadenhall-street, merchant.—Thomas Robinson, Leicester, wine merchant. —Thomas Winstanley, Laurence-lane, City, commission agent and warehouseman.—F. J. H. Muller, Addle-street, City, furrier.—Samuel Ball, Liverpool, chemist and drug- gist.—E. Gibson, Kendal, builder, and Dolwyddclan, Carnarvonshire, slate merchant.—J. F. Garnctt, Wel- linton-street, and Tooley-stree^, Southwark, hatter.—W. Brown, Wapping, victualler.—G. McDonnell, Mincing- lane, wine and spirit broker.-J. C. Johnson, Pountney- hill, Canon-street, merchant.—J. Bradshaw, Alarylebone- street, woollen-draper.— W. Ball, Goodgc-street, Totten- ham-court-road, cabinet-maker.

I WEEKLY CALENDAR. I THE Moos's CHANGES.—Last Quarter, on the 9th I of April at lOh. 9m. after. The Moon rises, April 6.- llh. 35in. A.M. I April 9. Ih. 26m.A.M. 7.— morn. —— 10. 2h. 4m. 8.— Oh. 37m. —— 11. 2h. 33m.- The Sun rises. I Clock before Sun. { The Sun sets. I April 8. 5h 2211 I Clock before Sun. I Th6??,9 tin $ c ts. April 8. 5h 22141 6m. 2 sec. 6h. 43m. 11. 5i1 15m. 5m. 6 sec. I 6h. 4Sm. April 7.-Easter Day. Proper Lessons, Morning, Exod. 12, Rom. 6; Evening, Exod. 14, Acts 2 v. 22. April 8.-Easter Monday. Fire Insurance due at Lady Day must be paid on or before this day. April 9.—Easter Tuesday. 1 I.-Length of day, 13h. 3"m.; day's increase from the shortest day, 5h. 48m.; day breaks, 3h. 8m.; twilight ends, 8h. 56m.

I TIDE TABLE. HIGH WATER at BRISTOL, during the week. Morning. Evening -11 Cumber I. Bathurst Gates. Gates. H. M. H M. FT. INC. FT. INC. APRIL 6 9 9 9 29 33 3 22 0 7 9 48 10 7 31 3 20 0 8 10 29 10 53 1 28 7 17 4 9 11 17 11 44 i 25 9 14 6 10 0 16 23 8 12 5 11 0 56 1 44 22 6 11 3 12 2 33 3 12 22 11 11 8 I EQUATION OF Tlir Tll)rs.-These equations, applied to the above table, will give the approximate times of HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES:— II. M. H. M. Aberystwith add 0 15 Holyhead add 2 15 C,triiiartlieii-bay..s-tib. 1 5 Liverpool add 4 6 Cardigan-bar .sub. 0 15 Lundy Isle sub. 1 45 Cardiff-roads sub. 0 55 Milford Haven .sub. 1 30 Carnarvon. add 1 45 Newport, Mon. sub. 0 30 Chepstow sub. 0 13 Swansea-bar sub. 1 16 VishZ tiard-bav.sub. 0 30 Thames' mouth, ,sub, ;j 45

I AGRICULTURE, MARKETS, &c. From the Mark Lane Express of April 1. The appearance of the young wheat-plant is promising- Prices are declining. Flour too of course has through out the week been extremely difficult to quit, and with, out any change having occurred in the top price of town made, ship marks have been very generally offered Is. per sack below former rates. The stocks on the wharfs have decreased very slowly of late, purchases made some weeks ago not having been yet cleared of. With barley we have been sparingly supplied, only 6,397 qrs. having been received, including 1,.501 qrs. from Scotland, and 783 qrs. from Ireland. The deliveries of this grain con- tinue small in all parts of the country, and comparing the quantities sold during March at the 290 towns from which the averages are made up, with the sales of the corresponding month in 1843, a falling of nearly 30,000 qrs. is shown. The increasing scarcity of the article appears at length to have restored some degree of confi- dence, and whilst wheat has been falling in value, the price of barley has been tolerably well maintained. The business done at Mark Lane this week has, it is true, been on a retail scale, but factors have firmly resisted any further reduction, fully former terms having been insisted on, not only for the finer qualities, but likewise for distilling and grinding sorts. Malt has moved off tardily, without, however, giving way in price indeed, choice parcels have realized fully as much money this as the preceding week. The dealers in oats have of late shown a disposition to act on the reserve, but factors have displayed considerable firmness, and with quite ft retail demand previous prices have been steadily sup* ported. The inquiry for beans has been the reverse of active, and purchasers have experienced no difficulty in buying on rather easier terms. Peas have been taken to a moderate extent for sowing, and the value of the article has undergone no change. The only alteration article has under l vhursday was a fall of Is. per qr. OIL in the duties on Thursday was a fall of Is. per qr. on wheat. s. s. s. s. Wheat, Engl., red 56 to 60 Oats, Yorksh. feed 22 —23 White 58-66 Potatoe, 22-25 Irish EO -54 Y oughall Black.. 18-19 Do. white 52 -58 Scotch feed 20—22 Barley, Malting. 32-34 Irish Galway. 17-18 Chevalier 34—36 Dublin .18-19 Distilling. Londonderry. 20 -21 Grinding. 28 -30 Tares Spring. 4s. Od 5s. 6d. Beans, Tick new.. 28—34 Rapeseed Cakes 51. 5s. t" Old Small. 34 38 51. 10s. per last of 10 qrs. Harrow. Cloveseed, red.. 60-76 Old. White, do 100-130 Foreign, ——— French. 60- Peas, Boiling 34—38 Linseed, Baltic and 1 White 23—36 Russia 38-. Flour, Town-made Maple. 31 -33 and best country Malt, Brown 56-58 marks. _-60 Chevalier, 60-63 Stockton Kingston & Ware. 60 -63 Norf. & Suffolk. 44 Rye, English 30 36 American, per brl. 21 -23 LONDON AVERAGES. .I £ s. d. £ 8. d. Wheat.. 4,592 qrs.2 17 7 Rye. 40 qr..l 133 Barley.. 4 3:59) qrs-1 2 113 7 10 i 1 1 yae ,? 1,041 18 jj Oats 21,041 0 19 10 Peas 884 1 10 GENERAL AVERAGE PRICE OF CORN. Week ended March 24.-Imperial-General Week'? Average,—Wheat, 56s. ad; Barley, 33s. Id Oats, 205. Od Rye, 34s. Id Beans, 31s. 2d; Peas, 31s. Od. Aggregate Average of six weeks which governs Duty- -Wheat, 5.5s. 7d.; Barley, 33s. 5d.; Oats, 19s. 10d.; Rye, 33s. 10d.; Beans, 30s. 10d.; Peas, 31s. 2d. Duty on Foreign Corn.—Wheat, 17s. Od; Barley, Od; Oats, 7s. Od; Rye, 9s. 6d; Beans, 10s. 6d; Peal 10s. 6d. PRICES OF BREAD. The prices of Wheaten Bread in the Metropolis at' from 8d. to 84d.: Household ditto, 6d. to 7 Id per 4lbs. loaf. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL, April 1. At per 81bs. by the carcass.. Inferior Beef,2s 2dto2s 4d I Inf. Mutton 2s 6d 2s sd Middling do.,2s 6d 28 8d ) Middling 2s 10d 3s 1 Prime large..2s 10d 3s Od I Prime ditto 3s 6d 3s 8 Do. small 3s 2d 3s 4d Veal. 3s Od 4s 2" Large Pork..2s 6d 3s 8d | Small Pork 3s 6d 4s 441 BUTTER, BACON, CHEESE, AND HAMS. Irish Butter, new, per cwt. Cheese, per cwt. s. •• s s. Double Gloucester.. 48 58 Carlow, new 84 92 Single ditto 42  Sligo  60 64 Cheshire 52 74 Banbridge 60 — Derby 60 6" Cork, 1st 76 78 Foreign ditto 40 48 Waterford 66 70 Bacon, new" 40 4? English Butter, Middle 38 40 Dorset, per firkin.. 54 — Hams, Irish 56 04 Foreign Butter, cwt Prime Friesland.106 York 70 '4 Do. Kiel 106 — FreshButter,14s.perdo" PRICE OF TALLOW, &e. 1840. 1841. 1842. 1843. 1844. Stock this day 14,840..21,928..26,288..18,289..22,378 Price of Y.C.. o2s.3d, ,47s. 3d, ,46s.3d, .43s.Od..4015, to to to to to —s.Od..—s.Od..46s.6d.s.Od. ,40s.0d« Deliv.lastweek 561.. 1,293.. 1,582.. 864.. 1,02° Do.fromlstJune82,910..86,821..90,103..81,903..75,429 Arriv.lastweek 2,373.. 533.. 8.. 1,06 Do.fromlstJune87,383..93,410..98,263..80,942..78,708 Price of Town. 53s.6d. ,49s.6d..48s.0d..45s.0d..43s.6d SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET, April 1. (Per 81bs.to sink the offal.) s. d. s. d. | a. 1. ,.a. Coarse&Inf. beast2 2 2 4 I Coarse woolled..3 4 3 1 Second qualitydo.2 6 2 8 | PrimeSouthDown4 044 Prime large Oxen2 10 3 6 1 Large Calves.3 2310 Prime Scots, &c..3 8 3 10 I Prime small do..4 044 Coarse&Inf.sheep2 6 2 10 Large Hogs -3 () 3 8 Second qualitydo.3 0 3 2 | Small Porkers..3 1044 CURRENT PRICE OF HOPS, Ayril 1. POCKETS, 1843. Sussex 122s to 130s I Mid. Kent. 140s to 175. Wealds 124s to 130s Do. bags 140s to Do. Choice. 135s to 140s Farnhams. 195s to 21° RAW HIDES, I SHEEP & CALF SKINS. at per stone of 141bs. Per skin. 8. d. s. d. s. d. *■ A Best steers'! r cm Market Calf.6 6 8 Best steers ? ? c ? ? "? Longwool.sheep4 66" -,Mid-hides .1. 4 65!2 Sllrt ditto 3 9 Inferior do.. 4 0 4 4 Shearlings, 4d. to 8d. each; Lamb Skins, 14d. to 22d. PRICES OF SOAP. Yellow Soap 44s Od to 48s Od I MeltingStuff3h Od to-So ocJ Mottled do. 50s Od..52s.Od Rough ditto.20s Odto-s, Curd do. 60s Od.. Os.Od Graves, 14s.; and good dregs, 5s. per cwt.; Rough Fat, average 2s. 6d. per 81bs. LONDON HAY MARKET—SATURDAY. Smithfield. Cumberland Whitechap? Coarse Meadow Hay ..52s 60s..58s 65s, .555 New ditto —s —s..—s -S* 0 Useful ditto 65s 70s..66s 74s '-66s sI00 Fine Upland ditto .723 76s..75s Clover Hay 60s 100s..65s 95s..60s  Old ditto —s —s..—s —s..—s "? Oat Straw 26s 28s..27s 29s..26s 2?! Wheat Straw ,28s 30s..30s 32?.:28. Rye Straw —s —s..—s —s.a "? METALS.. £ s. d. £ <. SPELTER—Foreign ,ton 0 0 0 to 230 Znc-Enh8h Sheet" 0 0 0 to 30 0 QUICKSILVER per lb, 0 4 6 IRON—English bar, &c per ton 5 0- N ail rods, 5 15 0 to 6 0 Hoops 7 5 0 to 7 10 X Sheets 0 0 Oto 8 0 ? Cargo in Wales 0 0 0 to 4 10 « Pig, No. 1. Wales 3 0 Oto 310 ? No. 1, Clyde 2 60 to2100 0 Russlan,c.c.s.D.1610 0 STEEL—Swedish keg per ton 0 0 0 to 18 0 0 Faggot 0 0 0 to 18 10 'i COPPER—English sheathing per lb. 0 0  Old 0 0 jfl*. Cake per ton 78 0 0 to 88 0 Tile 0 0 Oto8.5 O ? S. American 76 0 0 to -800 TIN—English, block &c per cwt. 3 13 ? bars. 0 0 0 to 3 14 0 Foreign, Banca 3 8 0 to 3 10 0 Straits 3 5 Oto 3 6 ,?. Peruvian 0 0 0 tó 3 0 0 Tin Plates, No. IC. p. box 1 5 0 to 1 9 0 No, IX 1 11 0 to 1 15% n Wasters 3s. p. box less. 10-0

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECFIVJ539 BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS et, LONDON Mr. Barker, 33, Fleet-street,; Mr. R.Wi"?? 5, Bouverie-street, Fleet-street; Messrs Newton  Co., Warwick-square Mr. G. RcyneH, 42, Chance? lane Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbrook, near the Mans' ? House Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; W. Voe& son and Son, 74, Cannon-street; Mr. C. Mi 11, le Lion Court, Fleet-street;— ABERYSTWYTH .Mr. Joseph Roberts, Draper- ABERGAVENNY .Mr.C. R. Phillips, Auctioneer, c. BRECON ."Mr. William Evans, Ship-stree $. BRIDGF.ND "1\Ir. David Jenkins. BRISTOL Messrs. Philp&Evans,29,Cl*JT CARDIFF ,Mr. Bird, Post Office. CARDIGAN Mr. Isaac Thomas, Printer. Dt-RM? ,J. K. Johnstone& Co.,EdenQ HAVERFORDWEST ..Mr. 0. E. Davies, Hih-stree LLANDILO ,Mr. Thomas James, Statione LLANDOVERY Mr. Morris, Spirit Merch?t' LAMPF.TF.R Mr. Rees, Druggist. LLANELLY ,Mr. Gawler. MILFORD Mr. Gwyther, Custom Hou?' MERTHYR Mr. William Morri .Nfr?RTIIYIL Mr. R. C. Treweeks, Chem'9 t1 SWANSEA ,Mr. Grove, Stationer, Wind"? TENBY Mr. Walkington, Chemist, Miss Bourne, Library. And all Postmasters and Clerks of the roads.  THIS PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by all the above "Iee1" and also in London, at Lloyd's Coffee-House.-?* ?)t* Coffee-House, No. 177, and 178, Fleet-street, ? Chapter Coffee-House, St. -Paul's. -Deacon's House, Walbrook.—Jerusalem Coffee-House, Cor'?? John Parsons, General Advertising Agent, 9, ,pc. Maria Lane, Paternoster Row, and the Auctio??? —r~  Printed and Published in GoUdhaU Square, in the vZrisKi St. Pet?r, in the County of the Borough of Carrnartj; W, the Proprietors, Charles Watling Wisboy of PictOnTer ioe and Joseph Spawforth of Union Street, Picton f",tC? Carmarthen aforesaid. FRIDA. Y, AI-RIL 5, 1844.