The Welshman

HOUSE OF LORDS.—THURSDAY, FEB. 22. I Lord Brougham called attention to the occupation of Tahiti, to which the Earl of Aberdeen made a similar reply to that of Sir Robert Peel in the House of Com- mons. Lord Monteagle called attention to the case of the appointment of the Rev. Holt Waring to he deanery of Dromore, which led to the use of some personally offensive obseri-atioam from the Marquis of Westmeath. The Duke of Richmond interfered, and the noble marquis apologised- FRIDAY, FEB. 23. i The Lord Chancellor laid on the table a bill to facili- tate the transfer of real property. The Bishop of Exeter having presented several peti- tions complaining of the want of religious instruction for the inmates of union workhouses, moved the appoint- ment of a committee to consider the state of religious instruction in the poor-law unions of England and Wales. The Right Rev. Prelate entered into a variety of statements to show the religious destitution that existed, which was greatly aggravated by the reluctance of the poor-law guardians to pay chaplains for per- forming that duty. The En.il of W ham cliffe objected to the motion, al- though no doubt a strong case had been made out by the Right Rev. Prelate. He thought the object would be much better carried out by a clause in the new poor- law amendment bill then under consideration in the other house. The Marquis of Salisbury concurred in the observa- tions of the noble earl. Earl Camoys said, as the only objection of the poor- law guardians appeared to be the dislike to pay the chaplains, why could not the clergymen of each parish subscribe among themselves to pay one clergyman who would take on himself the most disagreeable part of the duty, that of attending to the poor. The Bishop of Exeter was gratified that the govern- ment was about to take the matter up. The motion was then negatived without a division, and the House adjourned till Monday.

J PROFIT OF -NI.P.s.- Poor people, and quiet people, and matter-of fact people, often wonder why gentlemen j without encumbrances or cares take so much trouble to get into Parliament. There is we are satisfied, a con- siderable portion of the English nation which devoutly believes that there is much lucre and profit attached to the functions of an English M.P., and which would scout with the most marked derision the assertion that the duties of popular representation are courted only as the means of promoting the general good. por our own part, we are very sorry for the ignorance which prevails amongst a numerous class of persons in this kingdom on matters of such deep interest as the motives which impel gentlemen to solicit the votes of constituencies, and still more sorry for the ill-natured credulity which can only explain the patriotic competition for an honourable office by the sordid imputations of self-interest. We are, individually, convinced that honourable gentlemen and noble Lords only wish to get into Parliament, and to legislate in Parliament, for the promotion of the public good; and that, when within the walls of either House, they completely forget every private interest and personal feeling. To be sure cases do occur, and will occur, from time to time, which seem to favour the vulgar error, and to disprove, or at least to qualify, the high pretensions of our senators to pure and ingenuous disinterestedness. Not that, if rightly and analytically examined, the cases would go to the length of proving interested or personal motives—far from it but it must be confessed, that on the first blush of the thing they certainly do appear to warrant the common opinion entertained by "ignorant and unphi- losophical minds." This pleasant paragraph is from the Times and precedes some pungent satire on the Duke of Richmond's self-protecting bill. At the weekly meeting of the Anti-Corn-lav) League at Covent Garden Theatre on Wednesday week there was a scene. A very large audience collected to see and hear Mr. O'Connell, whose appearance for that evening had been advertised: there was an unusual number of ladies and on the platform were LordDnn- cannon, the Honourable E. P. Bouverie, Mr. Temple, Q. C., Mr. Summers Harford, and some twenty Mem- bers of Parliament. The first speaker was Mr. James Wilson whose speech suffered strange interruption. He was in full career on important topics of political economy, when a loud shout outside the theatre was supposed to announce the arrival of Mr. O'Connell the audience became excited," Mr. Wilson was inaudible, and at length he held his peace. The Chairman then stated that Mr. O'Connell would arrive about eight o'clock. Mr. Wilson resumed. Soon afterwards, there was another shout in the streets; the audience were again in commotion, and Mr. Wilson was again silenced by the hubbub. It ceased and still the speech made on, a pleasant noise till —again interrupted by another shouting. Increased excitement." Enter O'Connell. Enormous shouting, with waving of all sorts of things —arms, hats, handkerchiefs, shawls (!) and even open umbrellas." Mr. O'Connell goes up to the table, and bows repeatedly, both to those before and to those behind. Continued shouting. Some ten minutes pass thus, and then the new comer sits down. Five minutes more of the welcome-storm. O'Connell again ap- proaches the table; and now the tempest hath reached its climax—" The cheering for a minute or so was almost terrific Covent Garden shook to its foundation. The roar of four thousand voices mingled with a sub- lime effect with a tramping of feet and the clapping of hands; the deep shout of the multitudes without the wall- l'espondidg regularly to every frcsh outbreak from within." Quiet was gradually restored; the Chairman advanced, and Mr.O'Connell delivered a speech, as did some other gentlemen in succession. AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVES.—A singular scene took place on the floor of the House of Representatives on Thursday, Mr Weller, a member from Ohio, attacked Mr Shriver, of Baltimore, and gave him a considerable beating, in consequence of something Mr Shriver had writen in the Baltimore Patriot. This outrage was perpetrated near the Speaker's chair, a few moments before the hour of organizing. Mr Weller has since been bound over to keep the pcace. American letter.

THE SLIDING SCALE FOR EVER. This is the cry of the least enlightened portion of the community, & the Mark Lane Express newspaper echoes it--but neither lustily, nor loudly, nor without qualifica- tion. For example, in referring to the meeting of the Essex Society, held at the Freemasons' Tavern, on Tuesday, and of what took place afterwards, at the residence of his grace the Duke of Richmond, of the Central Society for the p.o'ection of British agriculture formed, to be managed by a committee, to consist of twenty landowners and twenty tenant farmers, our contemporary observes as follows:—" One error against which we would especially guard the agricultural body, is, not to imagine that, when they have placed themselves in such a position as to bid defiance to the League, that they have done all that is required of them, whether in reference to their own or to the national interest. It has been observed that agricultural improvement was of little value without agricultural protection; so may it well be said that agricultural protection will be of little value without agricultural improvement. Taking the average of seasons, we require an import of foreign corn: to prevent an increase, nay, to render importation unnecessary, should be the great object of the British farmer. To produce the greatest possible quantity at the cheapest possible rate should be his earnest endeavour. Since the establishment of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, a great impetus has been given to improvement in agriculture. The judicious blending of science with practice' is daily producing good results as yet, however, little progress has been made by farmers in embracing the advantages to be obtained from science, in comparison with other classes of society. The governor of the State of New York, in addressing the members of the New York State Agricultural Society, at their annual meeting in 1812, and adverting to this subject, said- The pre- paration of the soil to receive a germ, the culture of the plant, its protection against accidents, and the gathering of its fruit-eacli of them, apparently simple operations, involves principles of science more recondite than all the studies of the learned professions. Every other department ofindtistry has willingly received aid from science. In mechanics, the laws of power and motion are so well understood, that achievements to which human energy was once deemed inadequate are easy and familiar. The hand is now almost unnecessary in the fabrication of cloths animal powers begin to be dispensed with in locomotion on the land; and the intercourse between nations separated by seas, heretofore so difficult and uncertain, is rendered speedy and regular by the use of steam. But agriculture is regarded as involving no laws of nature, requiring no aids, and capable of no improvement. Physical power is con- sidered the only suitable agent, and this power is most waste/ally expended. Admitting the beneficial effects of the cotton gin, the improved plough, the cultivator, the thrashing-machine, and other implements which have been instrumental in effecting a slow advancement in agriculture, it must still be confessed that, while other arts are more rapidly improving, this, of human arts the first and last, where cultivation leads to plenty, and is cheered by health and contentment, remains comparatively unassisted and stationary.' These remarks are becoming less applicable to England than they would have been even a short time since. It is, however, to education, to improvement of the mind, that we must look for rapid improvement in agriculture. If we cultivate MAN, the improvement of the animal and vegetable kingdoms will surely follow.' Agricultural education should, however, not be confined to the far- mer. We doubt not the remark will raise a smile on the countenances of many of our readers but we are of opinion that scarcely any step would be productive of such and effectual advancement of British agriculture as the acquisition of a good agricultural education by those whose good fortune it is to inherit landed estates. The want of agricultural knowledge renders them incapable of appreciating or providing for the situation of their tenantry. Were such not the case, the absurdity adverted to by Arator,' in his letter in another part of this paper, referring to the restriction commonly contained in leases and agreements against converting miserable old pasture land' into tillage land, which, as he justly says, 'nine times in ten does not, in its present state, return the proportion assigned to it,' would not endure. The necessity for this restriction ceased to exist so soon as the proper rotation of crops became understood and practised; formerly a man cleared land or broke up a pasture, and continued to crop the soil until it would not pay for cultivation, and then laid it down to rest. It is certainly an effectual mode of preventing such an abuse, by not permitting any pasture land to be broken but it is curing one abuse by the enforcement of another. Under the present improved system, the whole farm is fitted for the recep- tion of such a succession of crops as renders rest of the description alluded to unnecessary."

THE LANDLORD-LEAGUE—PHILOSOPHY OF. One consequence of the conspiracy, into which the Duke of Richmond and his associated noblemen and gentlemen have entered with the Essex farmers, will be to free Sir Robert Peel from his pledge not to meddle with the Corn-law as it now stands. "I pledged my- self," the Premier may say, not to unsettle the Corn- law again, so long as, by appearing to give reasonable satisfaction, it did not become an instrument of agita- tion. But that promise cannot continue binding after the Corn-law has become the professed bone of conten- tion between two great organized associations, whose controversies and counter-agitations disturb the peace of the country and unsettle industry. You, gentlemen of the Central Association for the Protection of Agri- culture, have conspired with the Anti-Corn-law League to drive me to deal with the question of the Corn-law and I must deal with it in a way calculated to settle the controversy for ever." A possible consequence of the Richmond and Essex conspiracy, unless Sir Robert feels himself strong enough to tread out the embers of agitation in this de- cided way, will be a reconstruction of political parties. All English parties have been formed upon some ab- stract principle and political leaders have in general rather undertaken to patronise the holders of such a principle than to adopt it unreservedly. The original Whigs who effected the Revolution were,not Dissenters, and were rather lukewarm Churchmen but they ob- tained the support both of the Established Church and the iNonconiormist, ooay by undertaking to defend them against Popery and the combined forces of the latitudinarian Whig noblemen and Protestants over- came the combined forces of the King and Roman Ca- tholics. So, at a later period, the Reformer William Pitt, combined with the Anti-jacobins, overcame the posse-comitatus of the Whig party allied with the De- mocrats. And thus we see at present two sections of the nobility preparing to recruit the ranks of their po- litical followers the one by undertaking to patronize the lecturers on Free Trade, the other by extending their tutelary care to the advocates of Protection. Ana- logy augurs more favourably of the prospects of the party which seeks the alliance of the Anti-Corn-law League. James the second identified himself with the Roman Catholic cause; lie sought to make a Roman Catholic party and he was borne down by the aristo- cracy which merely undertook to defend the organized Protestant body already in existence, without affecting to be animated by sectarian bigotry. William Pitt, while doing the work of the Church and King" party, continued to avow his opinions in favour of Parlia- mentary reform, religious equality, and free trade and he triumphed over the section of the Whig party which identified itself with the Friends of the People." Apply these precedents to the present case. Lord Spen- cer adopts the principles of the League, but disclaims being a member of it. Lords Fitzwilliam and Morpeth, not to men tion others, while they sanction the proceed- ings of the League, hold themselves open to compromise. And this League, the alliance of which is courted by these noble politicians, is a formidable organization to advocate an abstract principle of Free Trade, and the wealthy economical church-which sprung into exis- tence without their co-operation. Even the wealthy capitalists who are at the head of the League can scarce- ly be said to have made it: that honour belongs to the thinkers who puzzled out the principle of Free Trade, and the writers who scattered the knowledge of it abroad, long years before the millowners would listen to their teaching. The nucleus of the Corn-law party is the large portion of the public which believes in Free Trade in the abstract and it is the more intelligent portion of its number who lend the League its moral power. The Central Association has no such nucleus, of disinterested or fanatical believers. The tenant-far- mers may be the counterparts of the millowners, but where are the abstract thinkers and their converts to represent in the agricultural party those with whom the millowners are associated ? And the noble Lords of Richmond, Buckingham, &c., do not act like Lord Spen- cer, who avows the opinions of the League without joining it or like Lords Fitzwilliam and Morpeth, who sanction its proceedings under reserve. Lords Rich- mond and Buckingham are members of their own League, and committed to all its objects. Nay, more, the Richmond-Buckingham party are in reality the origi- nators of their Central Association, as much as James the second was of the Roman Catholic party for which he became a martyr—losing three kingdoms for its sake. Their opponents have found a League ready made; and to counterbalance it, they are trying to make a League of their own. This is going beyond Mrs. Glasse's precept, and cooking the hare before try- ing to catch it. It would be presumptuous to undertake to foretell the exact kind and extent of modification which our commercial code is ultimately to undergo in consequence of the present Free Trade agitation. But if the Go- vernment, from inability or want of courage to settle the Corn-law question, allow" free trade" ana" re- stricted trade to become the standing pass-words of political party, there can be little doubt that the pros- pects of the political leaders who shall adopt the for- mer device are by far the more promising.—Spectator. Poon LAW AMENDMENT BILI..—This bill will be committed on Monday, the 11th of March, having been read a second time, without discussion, on Friday night. Mr Borthwick has given notice that he will, when the order of the day for committing the bill is read, call the attention of the house: to the state of the existing laws for regulating the administration of relief to the poor.

GRIEVANCES OF THE COAL-MINER^.—THE I EXPORT DUTY. [From the Gateshead Observer.] I On Tuesday evening, a public meeting, which origin- ated with the workmen of Monkwearmouth colliery, was held in the Athenseum, Sunderland, to hear an ad- dress from Mr. James Williams, on the repeal of the export duty on coals and also an exposition of the grievances and views of the miners, from Messrs. Ham- mond and Daniells, a deputation from the Miners' As- sociation. The meeting was but thinly attended. On the motion of Mr. N. Morgan, seconded by Mr. Barker, Mr. Stoker, a working man, was called to the chair. I Mr. Williams then came forward to advocate a repeal of the coal duty. His address embraced a review of facts to establish the importance of the coal-mining in- terests, as regards the large amount of capital embarked in it, the vast amount of labour it employs, and the ex- tent to which the shipping and the general interests of the inhabitants of this district depend upon it. From various statistics lie proved the injuriousness of the coal-duty, and complimented the workmen of Monk- wearmouth on the good sense they had displayed in their endeavour to direct the attention of the inhabi- tants of Sunderland to the necessity of obtaining its repeal—expressing his conviction that the shipowners and others would ere long follow the example set them by the meeting. He also expressed his approval of the endeavours made by the men to bring their grievances before the public, although he might not concur in all their views respecting their causes, or the best means of getting rid of them. Mr. Williams concluded by moving the following resolution, (which was seconded by Mr. Morgan, and carried unanimously) That this meeting is of opinion that the existing duties upon the export of coals seriously injure the in- terests of the coalowners, and the thousands of work- men connected with the collieries of the Wear, Tyne, and Tees; that it also tends to limit the employment for shipping, and is therefore injurious to the interests of the inhabitants of this borough." Mr. Hammond, an aged miner, next stepped forward, and briefly addressed the meeting, describing with touch- ing simplicity some of the peculiar hardships to which the miner's occupation subjects him. The exposition of their grievances, he said, he would leave to Mr. Da- niells. Mr. Daniells spoke at considerable length upon this subject, but we regret that he did not enter more fully into a detail of the grievances of which the miners of Northumberland and Durham complain. His state- ment chiefly related to the Scotch colliers, and those of Lancashire and Staffordshire. The general character of the grievances complained of, was the injustice of the bonds, the heavy fines levied upon the workmen (in some cases for results which it was impossible to avoid), the impoverishment of the workmen by unfair weights and measures, and the system of "tommy" or "truck" shops (which, it appears, are carried on in a most dis- honest manner in some parts of Staffordshire, Shrop- shire, and Leicestershire). The average earnings in the Leicestershire collieries, it was stated, did not amount to more than from 10s. to 12s. per fortnight; which, when rent and fines were deducted, reduced them to 8s. Mr. Daniells urged the necessity of le- gislative interference to enforce a proper ventilation of the mines and hoped that inspectors, to see that that was properly attended to, would ere long be appointed by Government. Having expressed a wish that a reso- lution to this effect should be submitted to the meeting, Mr. Williams, at the conclusion of the address, pro- posed the following, (which was duly seconded and car- ried) That this meeting is of opinion, that the law should enforce the proper ventilation of the mines of this king- dom and that, for the purpose of enforcing such law, and other regulations for securing the health, safety, and happiness of the workmen, the mines ought to be placed under the supervision of inspectors, appointed by government for the purpose, similar to those ap- pointed to inspect the factories." Moved by Mr. Hammond, seconded by Mr. Daniells, and carried unanimously "That considering the vast numbers of workmen connected with the coal mines of this country, their moral and physical condition is a subject deserving the serious attention of all classes and this meeting is of opinion, that the grievances of which they complain should be investigated in a kind and just spirit, with a view to their effectual redress."

THE CHURCH OF SOUTH WALES. I To the Editor of the" IVelslimait." I SIR,-I read in your paper last week.the ablest letter on the state of tile -VTelsli Chi-irch I ever read in my life. Go on in your course; thou hast shown thyself a good and faithful servant: go on I entreat you. I hope no false delicacy will restrain you from publishing circumstances of considerable notoriety which tend to bring the church into contempt. You need not look far from home, Sir, to see how clergymen spend their days that ought to be devoted to their sacred callings. Poor, many of them, they are ever ready to do any little dirty job, secular or spiritual, no matter to them- so that" filthy" -not filthy to them-so that they can finger filthy lucre. They are parasites and jobbers, have a hand in every thing, mind every thing but their flocks. They continually do cry and crawl, not only for pieces of preferment, but pieces of every thing else. 'The powers that be and not the power above is the God of their idolatry. I need not point out any instances of this to you, Sir, but shall leave you to treat them and the subject in such a way as your acknowledged talents qualify you to do. I will, however, mention two circum- stances to you which are very distantly only, if at all connected with what I have been just saying. One is this, that the Rev. Eliezer Evans, vicar of Llangrannog, in the county of Cardigan, who I have heard was and is a mos. unpopular (deservedly I do not say because I don't know) clergyman in his own parish, has been pro- moted to the extensive and important parish church of Llancgwad, in Carmarthenshire. Now, I should like to know on what grounds this preferment was given. I have nothing to say against the reverend gentleman re- ferred to, but he was certainly neither vehemently liked nor thought much of for efficiency by his late flock, and his present location, it is apprehended, will be no more lucky than his late one for altogether, regarding Rebeccaism and other things, the trite illustration of Charybdis and Scylla seems likely to be illustrated in the person of this Reverend gentleman. The other little circumstance which I mention, that you vourself may make inquiries about, is this. The Rev. John Jones, of Llanrhian, goes to Llanfihangel, Josiah Rees, to Llanrhian, who after accepting it, re- signed, he then accepted Llangrannog, and Jacob Hughes is appointed to Llanrhian. What does all this change about" mean ? Jim Crow's jumps were intelli- gible, but these saltatory movements of spiritual persons I are a mystery to ME.

I THE LATE REBECCAITE TRIALS.—(HOUSE OF COMMONS.) The following extracts from the speech of Sir Fre- derick Pollock, in the House of Commons last Friday night, possessing much local interest, are laid before such of our readers as may not have access to the London morning papers; or have not had leisure to travel through the Attorney-General's defence of the course pursued towards the Irish traversers. At the commencement of his speech, the Attorney- General justified his conduct in having consented that a trial should be suspended, the jury discharged with- out giving a verdict, and the defendant allowed an opportunity of stating his case on a future occasion.— adding the course I pursued was approved of by the courts at Lancaster, Cardiff, and Carmarthen." CARMARTHEN.—"With reference to a common jury, the house will perhaps permit me to state what occurred at Carmarthen And one reason why I enter so deeply into this subject is, because I was myself in Carmarthen placed in precisely the same position. I went down to Carmarthen-a small county, "where there was a small population, and a very limited jury-list. The whole of the county had been searched, and the jury- list was placed before me with 72 names in it. I am sorry to be obliged to make these disclosures, but it is necessary that I should do so, in order that the house may understand the difficulties in which an officer may be placed. (Hear, hear.) I was credibly informed, that a very considerable number of those persons upon the jury-list had been either actually out in the riots and outbreaks we were going to try, or that they were represented by their relations, their servants, their neighbours or their friends; and that there were upwards of 30 names in that panel that I could not permit to remain on the jury-list without feeling that I was doing an injustice. (Hear, hear.) What was I to do in that situation ? I say at once, and I will tell my hon. and learned friend the member for Bath, that I half shrank from the performance of my duty, as I well might, for I had upon that occasion to do as much as the right hon. and learned member for Dungarvan was accused of doing. I set aside 32 jurors. (Hear, hear.) What enabled me to act with the certainty, that if I had been charged in this house I should have been able to give a good answer for my conduct, was, that I knew the purity of my own motives (hear hear), and, the more so, that I knew I had upon a former occasion, after having been placed in difficult circumstances, received approbation for my conduct. That enabled to feel that character was strength (hear, hear), and that I could dare to do my duty when another might, perhaps, have flinched to do it, for fear of incurring unmerited reprobation, and losing the good opinion of his fellow-subjects. (Hear, hear.) I consulted all the gentlemen with whom I was associated who went the circuit; they were diametrically opposed to me in politics and I mention this for no other reason than to say, that upon that account I placed the more confidence in them. (Cheers.) They felt prepared to do their duty, as I did to do mine. They told me what was the state of the country, and what were the habits of the people in that part of the country, where I was told that no trial could take place without a challenge on both sides. They assured me that I could rely upon the information derived from a local attorney, and I felt myself called upon to exercise to the fullest extent the prerogative of the Crown, in order to get a jury for a full, fair, and impartial trial. I would ask my right hon. friend opposite, could the Attorney-General for Ireland have dared to do as much ? (Hear.) I admit that that which was done by the right hon. gentleman in Dun- garvan in 1829, 15 years ago, could not have been done in Dublin in 1844. It would have raised such a clamour, such an expression of public opinion, and it would have had such an appearance, whatever might have been the reality, of partiality and unfair proceeding, as no public officer ought to have risked incurring."

THE WHIG LEADER'S WHITE FIATlir-it.-The mo- tion of the noble lord certainly appeared to me to in- volve in it the destruction of the Irish church, although he had not the courage to carry it to that extent. He was, however, very ready to avail himself of the attacks of those of his own party who go directly against the Irish church.—Sir Frederick Pollock. THE WIIIGS AND IRELAND.—The Coercion bill was passed by an overwhelming majority of a house returned under the influence of the enthusiasm created by the Reform Bill. The people of Ireland might well ask, that if the Coercion Bill was the expression of the popular will of England, What have we to expect ? We are now to be coerced we cannot hope for liberty, for those who are at the head of liberty in England arc still despots in Ireland." (Hear, hear.) He had ob- served that the right hon. gentleman the member for Edinburgh had skipped over this remarkable period of time, and the reason was, that neither side of the house liked to say much about the Coercion Bill; but, as he be- longed to neither party, he took upon himself to point out that circumstance. He acknowledged that the Go- vernment subsequently perceived their error, and, hav- ing got rid of that element of mischief, pursued a much wiser course-a course of conciliation to the Irish people.-Ibid. THE SUFFRAGE:—THE SUPPLIES:—REDRESS OF GRIEVANCES.—On Wednesday evening there was a public meeting in the Guildhall, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, (convened by the Mayor), to take into consideration the propriety of supporting W. S. Crawford, Esq., in the patriotic effort he is now making in parliament for obtaining an inquiry into the grievances of the people, with a view to their redress." The Gateshead Observer gives a full report of the proceedings and in commenting on them recognizes those symptons of a better feeling among Suffrage Reformers, which are now visible in public meetings. The working classes acted wisely on Wednesday night, in deciding, by a manifest majority, in favour of principles rather than of a I n-,tine'a name which, by the conduct of many misleaders of the people, has acquired a much wider and deeper significance than it originally possessed. It is now a word of terror to thousands of our countrymen; and to persist in forcing it upon men who are friendly to extended elec- toral privileges, is to defer the acquisition of those privileges by the people." STAMPED POSTAGE PAPER.—The proposed stamped half sheets intended to pass free through the Post Office, will bear the oval medallion portrait, beautifully embossed, of her Majesty, so impressed as to fall, when the half sheet is folded for the purpose of note-writing, in the right-hand corner of the space usually dedicated to the superscription of the letter. If the paper be intended to be used as an envelope, the stamp folds into the centre of the front, immediately above the part allotted for the address. The authorities of the Post Office have given their sanction to thus placing the frank, as the process of obliteration will not be retarded by it. ATH ENS AND RUSSIA.—Accounts from Athens, of the 8th ult., state that the National Assembly was proceeding but slowly in its labours, and that a perfect accord did not appear to prevail among the members of the Cabinet. A most cordial understanding, however, existed between the ministers of Great Britain and France, who are both sedulously watching the ma- noeuvres of the Russian party, in order to defeat them, and were, if necessary, determined to advise the King to dismiss Metaxa, its Chief, from his councils. INIADRID.-The measures of Government for repres- sing the insurrection seem likely to be successful. REMEDY IN CASE OF POISON .-Instantly admi- nister two tea-spoonsful of made mustard mixed in warm water. It acts as an emetic. This is a certain remedy, if instantly administered, and may (under Pro- vidence) save a fellow creature from an untimely death. The vulgar proverb to carry coals to Newcastle." local and idiomatic as it appears, has been borrowed, and applied by ourselves. It may be found among the Persians, in the Bustan of Sadi, to carry pepper to Hindoostan:" among the Hebrews, to carry oil to a city of olives." A similar proverb occurs in Greek; and in Gallants' Maxims of the East" we may discover how many of the most common proverbs amongst us, as well as some of Joe Miller's jests, arc of oricital origin.—( U Israeli.) INTELLIGENCE FOR AGRICULTURISTS. In the northern counties, during the last month or six weeks, cattle, horse, grain, and other agricultural produce have materially increased in price. At the horse fairs lately held at Dumfries, Carlisle, Cockermouth, Northallerton, Wigton, and other places, good horses have been very dear. Good draught horses were sold for from 1:16 JE18 and £ 25 to JE34 each. Roadsters were much in demand and eagerly sought after by the dealers, who were in attendance in great numbers fiom almost every county in the kingdom. The very best of this descrip- tion were sold for as far as £ 50, 1:55 and to upwards of E60 F at cattle brought up in the country for the southern markets have lately fetched higher prices, and are now becoming somewhat scarce. Grain of every description, it will be seen on reference to the returns, remains stationary, if not a little advanced in price. The wheat lands in almost every district are looking remarkably well and forward. It is gratifying to observe that all the petitions which have emanated from the newly-established protective societies have been most numerously signed, and there can be no doubt but that they will have the desired effect on being laid before the Legislature .-Bei-kshi?-e Chronicle. WELSH ATTORNEYS AND THEIR ARTICLED CLERKS. —The important question, as to the rights of Attorneys of the Abolished Courts of Wales to take Articled clerks, came on before the Court of Queen's Bench, in the Last Hilary Term and it was decided that they have such right. The question arose from the case of a young man, of the name of Davies, who had been ar- ticled with a gentleman named Rees, an attorney resi- ding in Wales, who had been admitted at the Court of Great Sessions in Wales, and practised in Wales, pay- ing only the one shilling under Geo. 4th, and Wm. 4th c. 70, s. 16. Mr. Davies claimed to have his articles re- gistered, in order that he might be admitted as an at- torney in the Courts of Westminster on the expiration of the contract; and the question raised for the opi- nion of the court was, whether Mr. Rees was a prac- tising attorney or solicitor in England and WIles with- in the meaning of the 3rd section of 6 and 7 Vic., c, 73. The incorporated Law Society was, by the direction of the Judge before whom the matter was first moved, made parties to the Rule, in order that the question on the construction of the Statute might be properly dis- cussed. GOOD AND BAD ROADs.-The following table will show the occupiers of land, who, by their teams and in their gigs, are the most frequent travellers along the cross roads, how very expensive bad roads are to them, and how much it is to their interest to endeavour to improve them, to which frequent gates are the great- est obstacles. Force required to draw a loaded cart, weighing 1000 lbs. Turnpike-road, hard and dry 20ilbs. Ditto dirt) 39 Hard compact loam. 53 Ordinary by-road. 106 Turnpike-road, newly gravelled 143 Loose sandy road. 204 From this it appears that there is more than three times as much force required in draught on a middling by- road as on a hard turnpike road. No farmer makes money now-a-days by cart horses; he ought not, there- fore, to wish to keep more than necessary; and good roads enable him to turn the keep of a cart horse into the keep of a more profitable animal-a cow or some sheep. The petition against the return of Mr. Bright for Durham (city) is withdrawn. After vaunting every imaginable boast, and vilifying the hon. member for Durham in every term which the copious vocabulary of Tory malevolence could supply, and in which the different local journals of the party vied with each other, the concoctors of the petition have not ventured to proceed.

LONDON GAZETTE. I BANKRUPTS.—(Friday, Dec. 23.)-R. E. Lee and J. Haddock, Craven-yard, Drury-lane, steam machine printers.—J. Conway, Gray's-inn-lane, cheesemonger.— E. Arnatt, Oxford, baker.—W. Golding, Chelmsford, Suffolk, innkeeper.-R, Penny, Cockermouth, Cumber- land, mercer.— W. Jackson, Liverpool, provision dealer. -J. Hughes, Liverpool, painter and glazier.—J. Malla- lieu, New York, merchant. BANKRUPTS.—(Tuesday, Feb. 27.)-Robert Paddon, Hartlepool, chemist, druggist, common brewer, and spirit merchant.—John Goss, Devonport, draper.—Thomas Greening, Henwick, Worcestershire, surgeon, apothe- cary, and accoucheur.—Thomas Griffiths, Stoke-upon- Trent, Staffordshire, draper and tailor.—William Henry Chaplin, Inworth, Essex, bricklayer, builder, brick and tile maker. —George Copage, Wolverhampton, victualler. —William Scott, Regent-street, Middlesex, wine-mer- chant.—C. B. Bayley, Abingdon, Berkshire, draper.—T. Hodson, Harrow, Middlesex, butcher.—Edwin Brass, Taunton, Somersetshire, grocer.

TO READERS AND CORRESPONDENTS. I 1 READERS are desired to observe that we do not deem ourselves responsible for either the language or senti- ments of correspondents. 2 CORRESPONDENTS whose communications arecurtailed or omitted, are requested, always to refer such curtail- ment, or omission to the Printers want of time and space. We seldom receive any communication wholly unworthy" ofa place in our columns; but every post brings more letters than we possibly can find room for. Accounts of LOCAL occurrences are always welcome. No unpaid letter is received nor any unpaid puffery, inserted. Paragraphs promotive purely of private in terest or personal gratification are of course always paid for. All letters ought to be addressed to the Editor and if an answer is sought, post office labels should be enclosed. Facts unauthenticated by real signature and address can receive no attention. Para- graphs of GENERAL interest will always be well re- ceived and highly appreciated. Every nuptial and obituary notice must be short or if long, a post- office order with it will be required. Resolutions arc advertisements and must be paid for accordingly. We desire to supply our readers with the largest pos- sible quantity of PUBLIC Intelligence and to accom- plish this object, limits are necessarily proscribed to merely individual ends and private purposes. 3 The Proprietors of the Welshman are not answer- able for the non-arrival of papers posted from their office, and in order to simplify accounts they desire it to be distinctly understood that the shortest term of sub- scription is three months. Moreover if any person desiring to discontinue the Welshman," and who is at the same time indebted to its Proprietary would give effect to his wish, he must, of course, contemporaneously send a Post-Office Order for the liquidation of his debt. 4 AGENTS are requested to recollect that the shortest term of subscription is a quarter and that every discon- tlnuauce" ought to be accompanied by a Post-Office Order. The charge for inserting an advertisement is determined by the space it occupies, according to a fixed scale, beginning at five shillings for eight lines and under. The price of admission to our columns for paragraphs (not in our advertising columns) is equally moderate. 5 THE AGENTS OF THE WELSHMAN are requested not to receive any notice of discontinuance unless payment be received at the same time, as we shall for the future invariably hold them, in such cases, and in such cases only of course, responsible for arrears. 6 The publisher of this paper intimates to such of its non-subscribers as write for one or more papers that the money for the same must accompany the request; sixpence must be enclosed for a single paper. 7 POST-OFFICE ORDERS.—To the convenience of Post- Office Orders, the attention of our agents and the public in general is particularly pointed these orders avoid account-keeping, and preserve a good understanding between all parties. An order may be obtained at the Post-office as follows :—For any sum not exceeding ,C2-3, d.; above C2 and not exceeding £ 5—6d. December 9th, 1842.

——1 ii I WEEKLY CALENDAR. THE Mood's CHANGES.—Full Moon, on the 4th of March at 9h. 2m. after. The Moon rises, March 2.- 3h. 10m. A.M. I March 5. 7h. 12m.A.M 3.— 3h. 28m. I 6. 8h. 34m. I 4.— 5h. 47m. 7. 10h. Om.- The Sunrises. I Clock before Sun. The Sun sets. J 'Iie 8i'T' l'Ises, I CIO ek before Sun. I ') h Mar. 4. 6h 41m. 11m. 54 sec. nh. 44m. 7. 6h 34m. 11m. 11 sec. oh. 49m. March 3.-Seconcl Sunday in Lent. Proper Lessons, Morning, Gen. 27, Luke 11; Evening, Gen. 34, Philip. 2. 6.—-Length of day, llh. 12m;. day's increase from the shortest day, 3h. 27m. day breaks, 4h. 43m twilight ends, 7h. 40m.

TIDE TABLE. I I-IIGII WATER at BRISTOL, during the week. I Morning. Evening. Cwnbcrl. Bat AM? Mrning. Eveninr; '11 CG::d.l-ii:.t H. M. H. M. FT. INC. FT. IXC. MARCH 2 5 6 5 40 26 1 14 10 3 6 1 6 2? 28 11 17 8 4 6 46 7 11 31 1 19 10 5 7 31 7 53 32 9 21 6 6 8 12 8 31 33 11 22 8 7 8 49 9 8 33 10 22 7 8 9 27 9 46 32 11 21 8 EQUATION OF THE TIDES.—These equations, applied I to the above table, will give the approximate times of I HIGH WATER, AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES:— H. M. Aberystwith add 0 1.5 Carmarthen-bay ..sub. 1 5 Cardig-an-bar .sub. 0 1.5 Cardiff-roads sub. 0 55 Carnarvon add 1 45 Chepstow sub. 0 13 Fishguard-bay.sub. 0 30 ir. Nt I Holyhead add 225 I Liverpool add 4 6 Lundy Isle sub. 1 45 Milford Haven .sub. 130 Newport, Mon. sub. 0 30 Swansea-bar sub. 1 15 Thames' mouth, .sub. 5 45 FAIRS IN MARCH. 1 B,i-eelcnockski)-c.-Brecknock, 1st Wednesday in March Pontneddfcchan, 1st Saturday after March 12. > Mar. 12; Tregaron, Mar 16. Carmarthenshire.—Cross Inn, March 23; Llandovery, March 19; Llangadock, March 12 Newcastle-Emlyn, March 23. Glamorganshire.—Cowbridge, 2d Monday in March; Cardiff, 2d Wednesday in March Gower Inn, Kilvrough, March 20: Merthyr Tydvil,March 18; Morriston, March 29; Neath, last Wednesday in March. Pembrokeshire.—Maenclochog, March 10; Narberth, March 21; St. David's, March 12.

AGRICULTURE, MARKETS, &c. From the Mark Lane Express of Feb. 26. Prices have suddenly receded, but we are decidedly of opinion, they will not recede much below their present level, anll we look upon the pause as likely to prove only temporary. The reports respecting the young wheat-plant continue favourable, and the late atmos- pherical changes are more likely to be productive of benefit than injury. The fall in the price of wheat has not exceeded Is. per qr., but at all the leading provincial markets business has been exceeding dull during the week. At Bristol, on Thursday, fine qualities of wheat could scarcely have been bought below the terms of that day se'nnight; and at Birmingham all abatement of Is. per qr. was only in partial instances acceded to. Most of the town millers now quote 52s. per sack as the nomi- nal top price of flour; the enquiry for the article has become slow, and the metropolitan bakers being gene- rally well stocked at present, the demand will probably continue languid for a week or two. Ship flour has been taken to a moderate extent at late rates. Barley has commanded high rates; for a small lot of superior Che- valier 40s. per qr. was offered and refused. Malt has been in slow request, and has barely supported its pre- vious value. Oats may now be imported at 7s. per qr. s. s. 1'1. s. Wheat, Engl., red 52 to 56 Oats, Engl. Poland 21-22 White 58-66 Potatoe 22—25 Irish 50—54 Feed 22-23 Do. white. 52-58 Scotch feed 20—22 Barley, Malting. 34 — 35 Irish Galway. 18-19 Chevalier 36-37 Dublin .19-20 Distilling. Londonderry. 20 -21 Grinding. 30 -32 Tares pr. busl.4s. Od 4s. 6dl Beans, Tick 28-34 Rapeseed Cakes 51. 5s. to Do. old 34—38 51. 10s. per last of 10 qrs- Harrow. Clover seed, red.. 70-80 Old White, do Foreign, — French. 50-68 Peas, Boiling 34—38 Linseed, Baltic and White .23-36 Russia. 38-41 Grey. 32 33 Flour, T own-made Maple 31-33 and best country Malt, Brown 56-58 marks 48-50 Chevalier 60-63 Stockton 28—40 Kingston & Ware. 60 —63 Norf. & Suffolk. 28 -40 Rye, English. 30-36 Duty on Flour, pr. brl. 21s. LONDON AVERAGES. £ s. d. | £ s. d- Wheat.. 4,314 qrs.2 15 7 Rye. 28 qrs.l 14 « Wheat.. 4,314 qrs.2 1 10 4 12 0 ? Peas llioo i 11 6 Oats 22,883 1 0 2 j Peas 1,100 1 11 5 GENERAL AVERAGE PRICE OF CORN. Week ended Feb. 23.-Imperial-General Weekly Average,—Wheat, 53s. 6d; Barley, 33s. 4d; Oats, 191, 6d Rye, 33s. 5d; Beans, 30s. 6d; Peas, 31s. Id. Aggregate Average of six weeks which governs Dutf- —Wheat, ols. 3d.; Barley, 33s. Od.; Oats, 18s. 8d.; Rye, 32s. 2d.; Beans, 29s. 8d.; Peas, 30s. lOd. Duty on Foreign Corn.—Wheat, 10s Od; Barley, 5* Od; Oats, 8s. Od; Rye, 10s. 6d; Beans, Ils. 6cl; Peall 10s. 6d. PRICES OF BREAD. The prices of Wheaten Bread in the Metropolis of* from 8id. to 9d.: Household ditto, 6Jd. to 8d per 4lbs. loaf. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL, Feb. 26. At per 81bs. by the carcass. Inferior Beef,2s 2dto2s 4d j Inf. Mutton 2s 4d 2s 811 Middling do.,2s 6d 2s 8d Middling.. 2s lOd 3s 2d Prime large..2s lOd 3s 6d | Prime ditto 3s 4d 3s 6d Do. small.3s 2d 3s 4d Veal. 3s 6d 4s 10d Large Pork..2s 6d 3s 6d j Small Pork 3s 6d 4s 2d PRICE OF TALLOW, &c. There is but little variation in this market since out last report. The demand is still small, and the prices consequently heavy. The stock of Tallow is now in strong hands, or we have no doubt the depression in price would be greater. There is very little disposition to meddle with Tallow for the autumn. Town Tallow is plentiful, and the price 41s. Gd. to 42s. net cash. 1840. 1841. 1842. 1843. 184L Stock this day 17,322..25,003..29,749..22,415..26,016 Price of Y.C.. 51s.Gd..46s.6d..48s.0d. ,43s.0d..40s.6d to to to to to 528.9d.s.0d..48s.3d.s.0d..40s.0d. Deliv.last week 1,250.. 1,746.. 1,372.. 1,855.. 1,561 Do.fromlstJune78,844..80,927..83,239..75,002..69,790 Arriv.last week 25.. 1,057.. 14 Do.fromlstJune86,291..89,731..94,860..78,167..75,707 Price of Town. 55s.6d..51s.Od..50s.6d..48s.6d..44s.6d SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET, Feb. 26. (Per 81bs.,—to sink the offal.) s. d. s. d. 9. d. g, d. C0arse&lnf. beast2 10 3 0 Coarse woolled..3 8 4 0 Second qualitydo.3 4 3 6 PrimeSouthDown4 246 Prime large Oxen3 8 3 10 I Large Calves.3 1044 Prime Scots, &c.. 3 10 4 0 Prime small d0..4 6410 Coarse&Inf.sheep3 0 3 2 Large Hogs .3 038 Second qualitydo.3 4 3 6 | Small Porkers..3 10 4 2 CURRENT PRICE OF HOPS, Feb. 26. Although the business done has not been extensive. prices are supported, the holders not being disposed to force sales, notwithstanding the demand has fallen 0 temporarily. We quote- TOCKETS, 1843. Sussex.. 122s to 130s r Mid. Kent. 1408 to 180S Wealds. 124s to 130s Do. bags. 140s to 175s Do. Choice. 135s to 140s Farnhams. 195s to 210* RAW HIDES, I SHEEP & CALF SKINS- at per stone of 141bs. Per skin. d 8. d. s. d. 8. d. d. Best steers 1 ?  ? in Mark et Calf.6 0 8 0 and heifer: ? « « Long wool.sheep5 6 6 Mid.hides 4 8 5 4Short ditto ..4 0 6 9 Inferior do.. 4 2 4 6 PRICES OF SOAP. Yellow Soap 44s Od to 48s Od M:eltingStuff31s0dto-S.O Mottled do. 50sOd..52s.Od I Rough ditto. 20s Od to—B-" Curd do. 60s Od.. Os.Od Graves, 14s.; and good dregs, 5s. per cwt.; Rough Fat, average 2s. 6d. per 81bs. LONDON HAY MARKET.—SATURDAY. 1 Smithfield. Cumberland Whitechapcl- Coarse Meadow Hay ..50s 60s..56s 65s..48s 60S New ditto -s —s..—s —s..—s _8 Useful ditto 63s 70s..66s 74s..63s 708 Fine Upland ditto .72s 76s..75s 80s..70s 75s Clover Hay 60s 100s..65s I00s..60s 1031 Old ditto -s —s..—s —s..—s —s Oat Straw 26s 28s..27s 29s..26s 28" Wheat Straw 28s 30s..29s 32s..28s Rye Straw -9 —s..—s —s..—s -6 I METALS. The Market for Copper is on the decline, and rathe' easier rates have been accepted English cake E88, tile E86 per ton, sheeting 91d. per lb. Quicksilver 19 j enquired after, at 4s. 6d. per lb. Spelter, several have sold at E22 5s to E22 10s per ton on the spot, alla £ 21 for delivery. There is rather more demand for T'n' '? Banca has been selling at 66s. to 67s. and; Straits 64s;» which are full sales prices. In Swedish Steel more Is doing, and £ 18 5s is paid for kegs, and jE19 for faggot. In Lead there is little passing; English Pig JE16 15s o £17, Spanish £16 10s, and South America JE16 to £16 v per ton. Iron is in demand, and higher rates are given. Cargo in Wales 85s, Pig in Wales 65s, Pig in the Clyde 42s, English bar and bolt 100s, hoops 145s to 1505, I Russia, C.C.N.D., JE16 10s; Swedish is rather dearer, £ 10 5s to £10 10s have been paid. £ s. d. £ s. n* Spr, rF.R-orelgn ton 0 0 0 to 22 5 0 ZINC—English Sheet. 0 0 0 to 30 0 6 QuicKsiLVER. per lb, 0 4 JJ IRON—English bar, &c per ton 5 0 0 N ail rods. 5 15 0 to 0 0 0 Hoops 7 5 0 to 7 10 0 Sheets. 0 0 0 to 8 0 0 Cargo in Wales 0 0 Oto 4 5 0 Pig, No. 1. Wales 0 0 Oto 350 No. 1, Clyde 0 0 Oto 2 0 « For., Swedish 0 0 0 to 10 0 0 Russian, 18 0 0 STr,rL per ton 0 0 Oto18 0 0 Faggot. 0 0 Oto 18 0 » COPPER—English sheathing per lb. 0 0 S oid 0 0 Cake per ton 0 0 0 to 88 0 0 Tile 86 0 0 to 87 0 » S American. 0 0 0 to 77 0 0 TiN-Eii,lish, block &c per cwt. 3 10 bars. 0 0 Oto 3 12 0 Foreign, Banea 0 0 0 to 3 10 0 Straits. 0 0 Oto 3 8 0 Peruvian. 0 0 0 to 3 0 0 Tin Plates, No. IC. p. box 1 4 0 to 1 9 0 No, IX 1 10 0 to 1 1. Wasters 3s. p. box less.

ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEIVSV BY THE FOLLOWING AGENTS :— er, LONDON: Mr. Barker, 33, Fleet-street,; Mr. R. ,Tlntpd 5, Bouveric-street, Fleet-street; Messrs Newton9 Co., Warwick-square; Mr. G. Reynell, 42, Chancf'J lane Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbrook, near the MansI House Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; W. Ved son and Son, 74, Cannon-street; Mr. C. Mitchell, i Lion Court, Fleet-street;— ABERYSTWYTH .Mr. Joseph Roberts, Draper. ABERGAVENNY Mr.C. R. Phillips, Auctioneer- BHECON Nlr. William Evans, Ship-strcc BniDGEND MiT David Jenkins. BRISTOL Messrs. Philp&Evans,29,CLARCrii CARDIFF Mr. Bird, Post Office. CARDIGAN Mr. Isaac Thomas, Printer. :\1' DUBLIN K. Johnstone&Co.jEden 011 HAVERFORDWEST ..Mr. O. E. Davies, High-street. LLANDILO .l\Ir. Thomas James, Stationer. LLANDOVERY Mr. Morris, Spirit Merchant. LAMFETER Mr. Rees, Druggist. Lr-AXELLY .Mr. Gawler. MILFORD Mr. Gwythcr, Custom HonSC. MERTHYR iNIr. William Morris. PEMBROKE Mr. R. C. TreNveeks, Chen" SWANSEA Mr. Grove, Stationer, Wincl- TENBY Mr. Walkington, Chemist, AN Miss Bourne, Library. And all Postmasters and Clerks of the roads- THIS PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by all the above agellto and also in London, at Lloyd's Coffec-House.— Coffee-House, No. 177, and 178, Fleet-street^*rf-ee' Chapter Coffee-House, St. Pitul's.-Deacoii's CO House, Walbrook.-Jerusalem Coffee-House) Corn and the Auction Mart. _—-?-——?—————*???? 0 Printed and Published in Gui)dhan Square, in the Tg-|, 0' St. Peter, in the County of the Borough ofCarmartn1? the Proprietors, Charles Wathng Wisbey of r'<*ton???c, ? and Joseph Spawforth of Union Street? Fictouace, Carmarthen aforesaid. FRIDAY, MARCH 1, 1844.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.—WEDNESDAY, FEB. 21. I The House went into Committee on the Horse-racing Penalties Bill. On the first clause, Viscount Howick objected that the bill tended to encourage the system of betting and he proposed to restrict its operation to such betting as should have taken place before the 21st February, 1844, Mr. J. S. Wortley said that the amendment was unnecessary, as the suspending opera- tion of the bill itself was only temporary. Sir James Graham agreed in principle only with Lord Howick. After discussion, Lord Howick consented to alter the amendment as far as to fix the 1st of June next and it was affirmed. The preamble was much altered. Mr Roe- buck objected to the words recognizing ignorance of the law as a valid plea for indemnity a dangerous prece- dent. Sir Robert Peel concurred and, after some con- versation, the omission of the words was carried, by 81 to 27. It was then proposed to omit the words de- claring it expedient to discontinue the actions because they were brought by common informers. Lord John Russell objected, that the Legislature had always re- cognized common informers as a means of detecting offences and that, if the words were omitted, no reason would be alleged for the bill on the face of the document. The Attorney-General proposed to make the preamble run thus-" Whereas several proceedings have been instituted at common law at the suit of informers or others than actual losers, and whereas no similar pro- ceedings have been instituted at law for about one hundred years, it is expedient that they should be stayed." The suggestion was adopted; the preamble was passed; and the House resumed. DEBATE O IRELAND. I The Attorney-General for Ireland continued the dis- cussion; making a defence of his conduct of the prose- cution, in the shape of a narrative of the circumstances, and of the grounds on which he acted, in every branch of the case. Alluding to his personal quarrel with Mr. Fitzgibbon, Mr. Smith acknowledged his error and ex- pressed his regret. At the time he believed a gross personal insult offered him, the Court happened to ad- journ, and in the heat of the moment he wrote a note, which never -,v uld have been written but for the ad- journment. He now believed that he had mistaken the intention of Mr. Fitzgibbon, on whom he cast no blame; and instead of justifying what he had done, he only threw himself on the liberal allowance of the House. When Mr. Smith ceased there were several calls for Mr. Sheil. Mr. Sheil, according to the Times, shook his head, and said, "o, I sha'n't; no, I sha'n't." He crossed over to Mr. Smith, and borrowed a book contain- ing the report of Pearce's trial; which was lent, with a polite exchange of bows. The debate was then ad- journed before twelve o'clock. THURSDAY, FEB. 22. Before the resumption of the debate, Sir Robert Peel, being unfortunately in the position of one of the speakers who were to address the House, desired to come to some arrangement for bringing the discussion to a con- clusion. Should it be night ? (Opposition cries of To-morrow to-niorrow amid which Sir Robert Peel sat down, assenting.) The debate then proceeded; Mr. M. O'Connell re- butted the charge in Mr. Smith's speech on Wednesday, that the traversers created vexatious delavs contending that the Crown-lawyers vexatiously refused the reason- able applications on the other side. Mr. Gregory persisted that concessions to the Roman Catholics only embolden encroachments; and imputed the evils of Ireland to the discontent of the Roman Catholic priesthood, agitation, the want of medical relief, middlemen, and the system of ejectments. Mr Bellew discussed the Church as the cardinal question of Ireland; and thought that the State should equally patronize the three denominations in that country. Mr. Liddell, though a political opponent, defended his noble relative the Marquis of Normanby from the aspersions cast upon him by Mr. Stafford O'Brien, of theatrical and ostentatious display" his conduct was dignified without ostentation, affable without affectation; and his kindness and charity can be attested by Ire- land and Jamaica. Mr. Stafford O'Brien explained, that he thought the wholesale release of prisoners intended for theatrical effect; but meant nothing personally disrepectful. Mr. Hume discursively supported the motion, as substantially a vote of censure on Ministers—he almost wished he had moved an amendment to give it that form. Sir Robert Peel suggested that it was not yet too late but Mr. Hume said he was too old a bird to be caught that way." Mr. G. A. Hamilton (one of the Landlord and Tenant commission) that the Commissioners were determined to fulfil their duty by probing the subject of their inquiry to the bottom while they had taken every precaution to prevent excitement," and undue expectations that they had authority to interfere between individuals and he expressed his hearty concurrence in Lord Stanley's view of Church matters. Mr. Powell (one of the dismissed Repeal Magistrates) bore testimony to the peaceful conduct of the mon- ster" meetings, & censured the management of the trials. Sir H. Douglas argued, that the prosperity of Ireland had increased since the Union, and that the people had been treated with the greatest liberality he avowed his motto in respect to the Monarchy and Church to be, No surrender under any circumstances" he lauded the efficiency and discipline of the troops and police stationed in the country; and diverging to the subject of Canada, he expressed gratification at seeing that Governor-General Metcalfe had succeeded in emanci- pating himself from the control of a rebel faction. Mr. Sheil made a long and aminated speech, mainly in reply to Mr. Smith, but finally expanding into a ge- neral review of the Ministerial positions. The debate was adjourned at half-past twelve o'clock. FRIDAY, FEB. 23. I The adjourned debate on Ireland was resumed by the Attorney-General, Sir F. Pollock, who spoke nearly three hours. He traycllerl over all the controverted circumstances connected with the management of the state trials, and the sum of the honourable and learned gentleman's speech consisted in the statement that the conduct of the Irish Attorney-General had the appro- bation of the English law officers of the Crown that Feargus O'Connor and his fellow Chartists had been prosecuted by the same form of indictment, and for the some cri ine-coil s piracy to overturn law and constitu- tion-as Mr. O'Connell and his associates that in the Lancashire trials he had, on secret information given to him, struck off 30 jurors, on the same principle that the Crown had acted on in Dublin and that the Irish Attorney-General, in refusing to demur to the challenge of the array, was fully justified by the precedent set him in the recent Welsh trials at Cardiff, where the English law officers of the crown—that is, Sir Frederick Pollock and Sir William Follett-had refused to permit the quashing of the panel without raising that storm of obloquy which had pursued the Irish Attorney- General. Mr. Roebuck spoke with much ability, discrimination, and good temper. He took a retrospect of Irish history supplying two important gaps in Mr. Macau- lay's essay-a glance at the physical condition of the people, and the period of the Whig Coercion-bill. He assailed Mr. Shaw's position which rested the Church Establishment on "religious truth," instead of that political necessity which alone a civil legislature could consider. Of the law-matters, he took the Opposition view speaking strongly against Repeal, and pro- nouncing lr. O'Connell's conduct imprudent, but not illegal. Mr. O'Connell spoke with a firm and confident bear- ing, and was heard with profound attention. He set forth the case of Ireland against England, as justifying the demand for Repeal. He protested against the pro- secutions. He made light account of the Government measures. What they ought to do on the subject they meant to deal with was, to make each Roman Catholic Bishop a sole corporation in improving the borough franchise, to clear it from the Grand Jury cess; to give to the counties as large a constituency in proportion to their population as the English counties; and to bring back the law of landlord and tenant to what it was before the Union. But there were other things to be done the Government should remodel the financial arrangements between England and Ireland enlarge the Irish corporate franchise to an equality with that of England; tax -absenteeism, which was a crime in Ireland, and ought to be punished; increase the num- ber of Irish Representatives; and establish perfect religious equality—but not by paying the Catholic clergy. He was anxious to see men act together like brothers and would he co-operate with them heart and soul for the welfare of Ireland. Sir Robert Peel made a very long speech, occupying some ten columns in the daily papers. He considered himself as a party accused, but put upon his defence. First, however, he made some allusion to Mr. O'Con- nell's arguments rebuking him for deluding the peaple by perverting history so far as to represent the notoriously corrupt Irish Parliament as independent, and Ireland as prosperous under its rule. Besides, it was exclusively Protestant; which involved an admis- sion that the Protestant Establishment was not incom- patible with the welfare of Ireland. He passed to Lord Russell's party-motion which he contrasted with Lord Howick's strong but independent and sincerely- expressed opinions. Lord John made it impossible to accede to his motion, which was not really for inquiry into the state of Ireland, but only to introduce resolu- tions inculpatory of Government; all resolving itself into the sole practical measure—" Remove the present Government, and place me in office in their stead." For while he made large professions, never did statesman aim at returning to power with smaller public engage- ments than Lord John's he had said nothing which would pledge him to adopt a course different from the present. Government had relied on the ordinary law. Did Lord John Russell, under similar circumstances? No he wished that part of his life passed over perhaps; but he supported Lord Althorpe in introducing the Coercion Act- The act is, as will be seen, a very strict act of Parliament. The preamble runs thus: that I NVhereas divers meetings and assemblages inconsistent with the public peace and the exercise of regular government have taken place, and whereas the law is so far inade- quate to meet the state of things, be it enacted.' Now, what is proposed to be enacted ? Why that the Lord- Lieutenant shall be empowered to punish any one lighting singular fires. (Laztqhter.) We relied on the ordinary law but the noble Lord did not; he took precautions, and applied to Parliament for additional powers to extinguish singular tirfs. (Laughter.) ihe act goes on to siy-I o person shall make any bonfire, fire, light, flame, flash —(Laughter)—blaze — (Renewed Lateyhtei-)-or any signal by smoke.' (General Laughter.) And, further. says the noble Lord, Be it enacted that the burden of proof that such signal, by flame, flash, blaze, or smoke, was not made, shall rest on the person charged with the offence.' (Laughter and Cheers.) This is the noble Lord's act." Bringing the review of 'the proceedings down to the Clontarf meeting, he declared that the specific reason for interfering then was the peculiary military array con- templated by the Repealers but he read a good deal of correspondence with local authorities, and such docu- ments, showing that Government anxiously watched the progress of events, and that they were ready to interfere at the first opportune juncture but that they were sometimes induced to defer active interposition by the dread of occasioning any collision with the people that could possibly be avoided. Finally, however, the law had been vindicated, without collision or bloodshed the leaders of the disorder, not the subordinates, had been called to account and now, wise after the result, the Opposition retraced the whole course of these com- plicated proceedings to pick out small errors. lie ex- plained his views of the church at some length. The sum of what he said is this. The maintenance of the Established Church is supported by compact, in the Act of Union and the Relief Act, and by authority, such as the opinions of Burke, Grattan, Plunket, and others and for the Legislature not to maintain its compacts for more than ten years together, would destroy faith in Parliament and impede future legisla- tion. Still, he would not solely on those grounds maintain the Establishment, if convinced that the social welfare of Ireland required a modification; but his con- viction was of the opposite kind. He thought an Establishment advantageous to Ireland, principally on these grounds—that without it religious animosities would be exasperated, for other religious bodies would not be equally under the control of the State the pre- cedent of. abolishing the Establishment would at once be applied to England, and the same animosities would be embittered here and he endeavoured to make out that a preference of certain doctrines by the State is no "insult" to the holders of other doctrines. The con- dition of the Catholics, however, must be considered, and voluntary endowment would be allowed An addi- tional grant, not very large in the present year, would be made for the purposes of general education. He had made great sacrifices-of personal ambition, of private estima- tion & friendship—for the sake of Ireland and he was ready again to make such sacrifices. But while in office, he would maintain the law. He hoped there was no foundation for the allegation that they could only govern Ireland by force party influence might succeed in rendering it ungovernable but he hoped better things. Science was gradually bringing Dublin within twelve hours' distance of London party feelings among the upper classes were materially abating and if calm and tranquillity were maintained, the advance of Ireland in material prosperity would be rapid. With a glowing peroration, foreshadowing the time when the Queen should land in tranquillized Ireland, he sat down, amid cheers from both sides of the House. Sir Valentine Blake, supported by Mr. E. B. Roche, attempted to move an adjournment; but the sense of the House was against him, and he desisted. Lord John Russell replied. He noticed some of the chief attacks on his motion by the leading Members of the Government. This brought up Lord Stanley; who emphatically denied that in quoting, on a former occa- sion, the words the minions of Popery," he either adopted them or applied them to Roman Catholics. Lord John Russell then went into some particulars respecting the retirement of Lord Plunket; who first desired to withdraw, and though he subsequently revoked that wish bis resignation was not forced. Lord John vindicated his own larger views respecting the Church and other matters; but without any very specific statement. On a division the numbers were-For the motion, 22.? against it, 324 Ministerial majority, 99. Earlier in the evening, on the motion of Sir J- Gra- ham, the Poor-law Amendment bill was read a second time; on the understanding that its principle would be discussed on the q uestiol: of going into Committee.