Welsh Newspapers
Search 15 million Welsh newspaper articles
18 articles on this Page
[No title]
EXTRAORDINARY CONDUCT TO IloitsFs.-We have much hesitated (says the Worcester Chronicle) before making public the following statement, really doubting whether our readers, from the almost incredible and revolting fact it discloses, would not conclude we were romancing. However, we can only preface this state- ment by observing, that in giving It we put forth the truth as related to us, and, from the quarter from which we have derived it, as, we have reason to believe, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth." For reasons unnecessary to enter upon we do not at present disclose the name of the party implicated in our recital, but we shall wait to see whether, when he shall thus discover that his insensate conduct is known, it has the effect of rousing in him a sense of its infamy and shame, and thercbn- induce him at once to alter it and if this should prove to be otherwise, we warn him that his name shall be made public. It is now some five years and a half since that the individual to whom we allude was riding a spirited young mare, by whom he was thrown he escaped unhurt, but, incensed by the cir- cumstance, he immediately exclaimed, D-n you, ma- dams, I'll put you in solitary confinement for seven years." These were the words used by him, as re- ported by a party who was in his company at the time and this threat he has literally carried into execution to the extent of 5; years. A three-stalled stable was se- lected for the solitary cell of the hapless creature the two other stalls were occupied by horses, but the back of that allotted to her was enclosed by boarding, so placed that she could not turn round at all, nor lie down but by the most painful effort, and the excoriation of her sides. This treatment she suffered for more then two years, until at length she effected some mitigation in her misery by kicking down the boarding at the back of her stall. It would seem that after this the abuser of the poor creature did so far relent in his feelings of vengeance towards her as not to recommit her to her Procrustean bed, but no further. Finding that she had liberated herself from this, he persevered in his sentence of so- litary confinement," and removed the other two horses from the stable, thus giving her the entire range of the building in which ■ o complete the remaining portion of her'doom. But we have not yet related the full iniquity of this most wicked proceeding the sole food of the wretched animal, through winter and summer, from the commencement of her incarceratlon to the present time, has been a scanty portion of grass cut by her persecutor himself from a neighbouring pasture, added to about half a bolting of straw for her bed the latter, however, we are told she first eagerly devours, in preference to the cold and raw grass, so that not a shred of it is vi- sible in the morning, and we are told further, also, that about a twelvemonth back a lad in the employ of this inhuman man, commiserating the situation of the mare contrived one evening to make a trifling addition to her miserable modicum of food, and for which lie was visi- ted with instant dismissal! We have this relation from those who have bv stealth recently seen the doomed creature in her captivity, and they describe her ap- pearance as most deplorable, akin to that of the caged beasts in a menagerie, keeping constantly pacing round her narrow prison-house like a demented creature, and bearing a dumb expression of suffering capable of melt- evry heart but that of her cruel tormentor. We are further informed that a pony nas been punished by the species of infernal cruelty'lasttwo years?—TB? same paper says, in a subsequent article, Our nume- rous correspondents on this subject will be glad to know that, with praiseworthy alacrity, the secretary of the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Ani- mals,' applied to us early in the week for information as to the perpetrator of the revolting cruelty detailed in our last. The like inquiry has lso been made by the National Society for the Preve;ion of Cruelty to Ani- mal: and in both cases the information sought has been supplied. In a few days, therefore, the public may expect that this atrocious affair shall be judicially investigated, and the culprit receive the merited disgrace of exposure." ONE HUNDRED SIlEEP DESTROYED BY FIRE.—A destructive fire broke out on Sunday evening about 6 o'clock, at Naze Wick Firm, in Foulness Island, Essex, in the occupation of Mr. Charles Harvey, and in an incredibly short time destroyed a sheep-yard (the walls of which were composed of mustard and carraway straw), one hundred ewe sheep, all in lamb, and a large bean stack, the produce of 40 acres adjoining. So rapid was the progress of the flames, that, although some of Mr. Harvey's workmen were upon the spot in a few minutes, they could not approach the gate, or make an opening to rescue the poor animals. Great praise is due to the labourers, who rendered every assistance in their power and on the arrival of Lieutenant Hussey, of the coast guard service, who was speedily on the spot with his men, he, by his example and efforts, caused all pre- sent to renew their exertions, and succeeded in removing another large stack, thus saving from destruction a large range of stacks, which must otherwise have fallen a prey to the lfames. The same night a man, named James Rampling, was apprehended by Police-constable Went, on suspicion of having caused the conflagration, and, after a preliminary examination, was remanded upon the charge. On Wednesday he was again examined, and fully committed for trial. The value of the property destroyed is estimated at about F,500, insured in the Equitable Fire-office. The following paragraph is going round. Mr. Bald- win, jun., of the Standard has, within the last few days. become the purchaser of the Herald for, it is said, the sum of E28,000, after having been nibbling at it for a considerable time past. The fact is, the Treasury were very much afraid the paper would get into inimical hands, in which event the Government of Sir R. Peel, only the day other so strong in everything promising permanency, would be literally without a single organ to express its opinions, or to defend it when attacked amongst the morning papers of the metropolis, and the opinions and acts of the Government would then have found their sole exponent in the columns of the Standard. THE CORN LAWS.—Mr. Chapman, the new Chief Judge of Wellington, in New Zealand, was lately secre- tary to the Metropolitan Anti-Corn-Law Association! He also wrote, a few years ago, a political pamphlet in favour of the total abolition bi the House of Lords. The selection for the Bench of an ex-secretary of an anti-corn- law association, is anything but a great blow and sore discouragement" to the League! On a mere revenue consideration, a duty on foreign imported corn is open to the two most serious objections to which any tax can be exposed: first, in-the language of Adam Smith, That it ought to take out and keep out of the pockets of the people as little as possible over and above what it brings into the public treasury;" and, secondly, that every source of revenue ought to be as certain as possible, and not subject to the mere accident of price that abundance with low price would yield no revenue, while scarcity with high price alone could be relied upon as productive.- (Economist.) -The Liverpool subscription to the League Fund considerably exceeds £ 5,000. The Rev. Dr. J. Pye Smith has doubled his subscription to the League Fund. He contributed £5 to the £ 50,000, and proposes to give £10 to the LIOO,000 Fund. TORY PATRONAGE NOT FOR TORIES.-—" The ap- pointment of Mr. H. S. Chapman to the Chief Justice- ship of Wellington, in New Zealand, has been the sub- ject of some rather angry discussion. It is objected that Mr. Chapman is of less than two years' standing at the bar that, as a contributor to Mr. Roebuck's political pamphlets, he advocated the abolition of the House of Lords and that he very recently held the situation of secretary to the Metropolitan Anti-Corn-law Asso- ciation and it is asked whether these arc claims to the patronage of a Tory Government." Yes, Sir Robert Peel loves to prefer men who have held ultra-Radical or Jacobinical opinions. To whom did he give the first places in his Ministry ?—to the Radical Baronet, Sir James Graham, and the ci-devant Whig, Lord Stanley the Board of Control he graced with Mr. Emerson Tennent, once a furious Republican Mr. Phillips he took from the Reform Club, and sent to Liverpool; Sir Rob ert Wilson, whose name needs no addition, he ap- pointed to Gibraltar. There was a Ministry nicknamed All the Talents the present Government should be called Ail the Rats. A deserter is sure to be received with open arms by it, honoured, and promoted. Is it that Sir Robert Peel has a fond sympathy with apostacy, and that he does as he would be done by in heaping rewards on it or is it that he so hates Tories in his heart, that he delights in passing them by, and prefer- ring any one who can be had of opinions the most op- posite and obnoxious to them ?—Examiner.
WHAT DOES WALES MOST WANT…
WHAT DOES WALES MOST WANT ? i A Good English Education. This we ourselves have said over and over again, though not nearly so well said, as is done by the enlightened "riter in the Times whose reports have for months enriched our columns and the substance of whose observations on this im- portant subject we have to-day the gratification of laying before our renders. "And now," writes Mr. Foster, "before I bid adieu to the Principality, about which I have written so much and where I have sojourned so long, let me recur to a subject to which I also alluded in a recent letter-the lamentable deficiency of education amongst its people. During a residence of five months in Car- marthenshire, in which period I have been over every portion of it and the adjacent counties, I may be pre- sumed to have seen much of the population. Amongst them in a period of excitement, perpetually mixing and conversing with large bodies of them, I have had oppor- tunities rarely possessed of observing- their character, their capabilities, and their usual attainments. Con- cluding my temporary visit among them with a rapid tour on the route of Her Majesty's Commissioners through Carmarthenshire, Pembrokeshire, Cardigan- shire, Radnorshire, Brecknockshire, and Glamorgan- shire, I have been able to mark by comparison the advantages which a superior education, consequent on a knowledge of the English language, has given to the inhabitants of some districts over those of others. Devoid of the spirit of enterprise, without the energy and activity, of the English race, and generally inferior to them in the higher range of intellect, they are, nevertheless, a quicker and a shrewder people, more imaginative, and more led away by impulse and passion. Quiet, inoffensive, faithful, much-enduring, industrious —here are the ground-works of a rising and a lfourish- ing people. How is it, then, that so contrary is their history ? The Yery faithfulness of the poor Welshman, as it is one of the brighest ornaments of his character, operates as his greatest curse. He clings with perti- nacious affection to his ancient customs and language, and so, shuts out the channels of all improvement. In the counties of Carmarthen and Cardigan except in the large towns, he seldom hears the sound of the English language. In parts of Pembrokeshire, Radnorshire, and Glamorganshire it is the same and in these dis- tricts it is where the greatest misery is to be seen— where the poor Welshman is but one remove from barbarism-where is tne most senile slaye-and where disturbances and secret confederations have dis- tracted the country. How are these evils to be reme- died ? Simply by education, and EDUCATION IN TIIE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Thcre are few towns in Wales where a provision of some kind for the education of its people has not been made, and as few towns where such provision has not been neglected and wasted. It seems to be a failing in the Welsh character, that where a benefit to be derived is not to the individual, but only to the com- munity at large, the individual will take no trouble in the matter. He will talk much about it, but do nothing. To this characteristic alone can I attribute the fact, that in almost every town I have been in some charity for the education of the population has been suffered to decay and be lost, whilst the population were dete- riorating for the want of that education which the charity would have provided. With the exception of a kind of ambulating schools, appointed under what is called Madam Beavan's Charity, which are schools appointed here and there for a short period where there seems to be most necessity, and supported out of the interest of £30,000 left by "Dame Beavan" for this purpose, the practical education of the people—I mean of the mass-is left to occasional Sunday-schools, and to the voluntary efforts of the dissenters. Generally speaking, the teachers of the Dissenters are men who know only the Welsh language, and who are themselves ill-educated men, full of Welsh prejudices, and not anxious to teach the people English, which if learnt at all, is learnt as a kind of accomplishment, as an Englishman learns French, and not for practical utility. 'But why,' it may be asked, 'harp so much on the necessity of learning English ?' Because it is the road, the only road, to knowledge—because it is the road to improvement and to civilization, and because it is the road to advancement to the poor Welshman. Teach a Welshman to read Welsh, and what has he gained by and there he stops. There exists not a book on any subject of science whatever, which deserves the name, in the W elsh language. In a published list of every Welsh book and manuscript which was obtained from the catalogue of the Cymmrodorion Society in London, and which was elicited in consequence of a controversy that took place on this very subject, there are abc., t 16 books and manuscripts. The best are, a translation of two chapters 6f Milton's Paradise Lost, a translation of part of Buckan's Domestic Medicine, and a very old work on botany. The rest are bardic triads, a legend or two, and the Laics of Howell the Good. Now, out of these, what is a poor Welshman to learn ? Something of poetic fancy, which he wants not, and how to physic himself—a knowledge which he is as well without. Positively beyond his Bible, this is the whole possible extent of a Welshman's literature. He is shut out from the vast and varied information of the English newspapers, superficial though it ùe, because he cannot read them or comprehend them, but he has put into his hands the poisonous pages of semi- political and semi-theological publications as a sub- stitute. Shut out from information, the poor Welsh- man's mind is as a blank sheet of paper—it has no food on which to subsist; and what is the consequence ? He becomes—because he feels himself to be—a degraded and inferior being, and servile slave in the presence of his educated superior. From the same cause, his natu- ral shrewdness degenerates into low cunning, and his quickness of apprehension is employed in over-reaching his neighbour, which appears to be his studied delight. He becomes malignant, and vengeful, and litigious- why ? Because his mind being unstored—being with- out food on which his thoughts can rest and turn themselves-he broods over a fancied wrong or affront, and lashes himself into fury at its perpetual recurrence to his memory, and rests not till his spite or his ven- geance is satiated. He becomes the tool of designing knaves, the ardent impulsive follower of demagogues and preachers of strange doctrines" —why ? Because he cannot weigh and balance and compare their arguments. The Welsh publications which he does read Y Diwigwr Ir Haul, and the Seven Gomer, are generally stuffed with the vilest theological and political trash. You will find a man on the hilis bothering his head about the doctrincs of materialism, and racking his poor mind whether indeed he be a lump of senseless clay, soon to be mingled with his kindred dust, and be as though he had never been,' or whether indeed-what his Bible tells him is true-he has in him an immortal and im- perishable soul-who knows not the simplest rudiments of the laws of nature. You will find in the more popu- lous villages men reading about the corn laws and the sliding-scale-discoursing of the five points of the Charter which they read uf, wondering whether it be an animal or a vegttaLle-who scarcely know the meaning of the words • sliding-scale,' or the name of the Sovereign who rules over them. Can YOU wonder at the Newport riots, or that Ranters and Jumpers should trace the origin of their sects from Wales ? But how is this to be remedied? By education-an extensive, a sound, and a feasible plan of education. Where English is the. oral means of communication, teach the people a knowledge of the useful sciences through its medium. Where English is partly the means of oral communication, try to do this; and where Welsh only is spoken, teach them English as an acqui- sition, and give them translations of the useful sciences, that they may learn them, through the medium of the a "guage they intimately understand; whilst if they I vish for further knowledge they can arrive at it through the medium of the English language which you teach them. Above all, whatever system of education' you adopt, place it under the supervision of the magistracy as a duty—of a stipendiary magistracy who will do their duty, and not suffer your plans to be neglected and your educational funds to decay for here, it is but too true, the Church, by generations of neglect, and greedy grasping of her funds by secular proprietors, has lost her proud uffice of instructress of the people, and her prominent interference would not be borne. It is a melancholy fact that no system of education can now succeed here in which thlJ. Church takes any lead. ing part. The principle which is at the bottom of the acquisi- tion of knowledge Is a motive of self-interest to attain it. The Welsh have this. Every farmer desires, if he can only obtain the means, to teach his son English, because he knows, in every branch of industry, it is the language of promotion. But increase this motive of self-interest by giving increased facilities of inter- communication. Give good roads, and, as far as possible, abolish turnpikes-those bars to civilization. Enable the farmer on the hill by this means to visit the distant town, to see the progress of improvement, to have the chance of gain by selling his butter and his poultry, without the certainty of loss at a turnpike-gate; and you will give an impetus to the spread of the English language, and to a diffusion of the knowledge of the arts and comforts of civilized life, amung the poor Welshmen, which, while it improves the face of their beautiful country, will make them a more happy, a less servile—a superior people.
HINTS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT…
HINTS FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF SOUTH I WALES. A well-informed writer in the Morning Herald makes the following pertinent suggestions for our improve- ment—our much needed, but seemingly little cared for, improvement :—- .< The whole of South Wales with but little exception is a poor country, its soil is barren and unproductive as compared with England, and the farms are almost invariably of small extent, and as a natural conse- quence its inhabitants are an impoverished race. Taking the whole of South Wales I believe the rental of the farms would not reach a higher average than £60 per annum. Calculate the average produce at three times the rent namely £ 180, from which you must deduct Itent ;EG3 0 E180 0 Tithe, at 3s in the pound 9 0 Church &- road rates, twopenny rates 0 10 Poor rates, sixpenny 1 10 Interest on capital, say E200 10 0 Wear and tear. 5 0 Lime and coal 7 10 Two labourers, at 7s per week 36 8 129 18 Leaving £ -50 2 for the support, clothing, instruction, and various inci- dental expenses of the farmer and his family. Pro- bablv in a farm of f60 a year, two labourers would not be required throughout the whole year, but as I have said nothing regarding the extra expenses at harvest time, I believe I have stated the sum to be paid for labourers at a low average. It must also be borne in mind that the above calculation applies to average seasons in uncertain harvests the expenses would be greater, and the yield in all probability less, and when the crops were bad the farmer would have probably not above one-half of jEoO to provide himself and his family with the necessaries of life. A very material evil arises from the smallness of the farms—namely, that any one with a small capital is enabled to turn farmer and stock a farm of this size, and this is found to be very frequently the case. The competition of this class of persons with the regular farmers naturally rises the rent of land above its just value, and is, in some degree, the cause of the distress in this country: for although the mania for farming among such persons generally ends in their ruin, yet another set arise equally ready with their predecessors to follow the same system, with the same results. Their ruin is materially accelerated by the system of banking in this country. When a farmer becomes distressed, instead of fairly facing his landlord and stating the circumstance to him, he applies at the bank of his market town for an ad- vance; he obtains the money on his own note, backed by two other individuals, at a high rate of interest, generally averaging from 10 to 15 per cent. for a short date. If this bill is not paid when due, it must be renewed, and frequently, from a single transaction of this kind, a respectable man is reduced to destitution this system is the result of the abrogation of the usury laws, a measure which has occasioned incalculable mischief to Wales. The natural consequence of the smallness of the farms is the poverty of the farmers as the same rule applies to farming as to every description of trade, that the larger the concern is the cheaper in propertion it can be carried on, the rents then of small farms ought to be proportionately less than large ones, but from the competition to which I have alluded it is found practically that small farms let better than large ones. To the poverty of the Welsh farmers from the causes which I have mentioned, I attribute the present disturbances when me find the utmost difficulty in providing the;r daily bread for themselves and their families, they very naturally are unwilling to submit to any additional imposts. In Wales under the old system of poor laws, there were but few grievances the old and infirm, and those who from accident or natural causes were unable to support themselves, were well provided for as recipients of out-door relief; the young and the idle were obliged to work, for although the workhouse was open to them, yet it was considered such a disgrace that the Welsh would submit to any thing in preference to becoming inmates of it. The farmer saw how the poor-rates were expended, and cheerfully paid his money for the v- ledge, were different; the relieving officer calls for a rate, the ex- penditure of which nine-tenths of the farmers can know nothing except that many of the aged and infirm who formerly lived and died in their own cottages, among their own friends, although in the receipt of parish relief, are now obliged to go either to the poor- bouse, or to receive a miserauie pittance, grudgingly doled out to them by the paid o'1\cer of the union and they also ascertain this fact to tneir cost, that although the present poor laws are praised on the score of eco- nomy, the rates under the present system are not less frequent than th"v were when those funds were managed by an unpaid overseer. The general opposition to THE COMMUTATION OF TITHES arises partly from the many instances in which there has been an increase, and partly from the great alteration the new apportionments have made in the relative burdens borne by different farms. These depend on the dictum of the land surveyor appointed by the parish as although there is an appeal, yet, except the owner of the land is a comparatively rich man, the power of appeal is valueless. Take the case of a free- holder of £ G0 per annum—and there are many such- how difficult, nay, impossible it would be for such a one to disprove the valuation of the apportioner, whose calculation must necessarily be taken as correct until shown to b,2 the contrary, and whose habits "f business enable him to overcome the opposition of any one not experienced in such matters, however good his case may be. The natural result of the charge is to render a set of men dissatisfied; as it will be found that the one set of men may be pleased at having their tithes re- duced, yet that, if there are 20 persons in a parish whose tithes are raised, their complaints will far more than counterbalance the good feelings of the remainder. This I believe, is very much the case at present in Wales, and is the chief cause of the dislike to the pre- sent system of tithes. Any poor man naturally regards with dislike any law which increases his payments. To the person who farms 200 or 300 acres of good land the additional payment of a few shillings, or pounds, in the course of the year is a matter of no great importance, but to the poor Welsh farmer, whose whole income amounts to little more than a good English tradesman (a common labourer) can easily earn, the addition is most important.
I *MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE.j
I MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. Last Saturday night's Gazette contains the procla- mation for farther proroguing Parliament from the 19th instant, and summoning it to meet for the despatch of business on the 1st of February. The Gazette also announces that- Sir Robert Sale has been appointed to the full Colonelcy of the Thirteenth Light Infantry in which the greater part of his Iniii ,oriod of service has been spent. Each o:ffi.i.er in the regiment is advanced a step. Sir James Graham/has been obliged to leave London for his residence at Nethfcrby Hall, Cumber- land, to recruit his health. His physicians have thought his indisposition has arisen from the laborious and anxious duties which have of late pressed so heavily on the Home Office, and that relaxation has become absolutely necessary. The health of Earl Grey has recently been the source of very great solicitude to his family; nearly all the members of which are assembled at Howick. The Newcastle Journal said—" The venerable Earl is confined to his room, and is said to be gradually sinking from exhaustion, arising from decay of nature." On Tuesday, however, the Morning Chronicle announced that his condition had taken a favourable turn. The Cambridge Advertizer reports Earl Fitzwilllam to be labouring under severe indisposition. The agricultural world has lost one of its most influential members, in the person of Mr. George Webb Hall; who died at Sneed Hall, his residence in Gloucestershire, on the 3d instant. The Morning Post states that Lieutenant Munroe will leave the Royal Horse Guards (Blue), and remain abroad; adding, that he intends to enter the Prussian service. The Manchester Guardian, of last week reported that the sums subscribed to the new Anti-Corn-law Fund, already amounted, in Manchester, to 20,000/. in Liverpool, to 5,3001. Rochdale, Huddersfield, 1,4001 Glasgow, 2,6001. total, 31,0001. or, including individual subscriptions not lumped in the subsidies of those towns, 35,000/. A few days ago an application was made to the Isle of Man Court of Chancery to have a cockatoo, two cats, and a dog sold, being part of the effects arrested under a petitioner's action. It was alleged that these animals were so expensive to keep that before the decree could be had their maintenance would amount to more than they would probably sell for. The court ordered the sale as prayed for. The application caused great amusement in court. The pleasant predicament in which Mr. O'Connell and his indicted companions feel themselves may be estimated by the fact that the indictments and all the papers connected with the defence have, we are assured, been submitied to Mr. Adolphus.——Notwithstanding the near approach of Christmas, the prices of provisions in the metropolis, if we except superior roasting pieces of beef, are unusually moderate. It is stated that a bill will be introduced early in the next session of Parliament, to remodel and place the militia on a more efficient footing, with a view to complete and train that branch of her Majesty's forces next year.
DEPORTATION OF HUGH AND DAVID…
DEPORTATION OF HUGH AND DAVID JOHN. We copy the following paragraph from a contemporary all whose sympathies are with misrule, and none of whose compassion is bestowed on its victims:— "TUE CONVICTS UNDER THE LATE COMMISSION in this town, and whose removal to the Penitentiary at Millbank, in charge of Mr. Woods, the governor of the county gaol, we noticed last week, were the object of much curiosity on their way to that place. The simplicity of their remarks on all they witnessed while on the passage to Bristol, which they saw for the first time, was amusing, and showed that they were little better than children in knowledge of the world. The freshness and animation of everything they saw afforded a relief from the wretched monotony of the county gaol. By wondering at everything they saw in Bristol and London they continued to keep their spirits up, and in the bustle and animation of the scene, forgot for a moment that they were connicts. On their arrival at Millbank, the dreariness and solitude of which sensibly affected them, they were observed to weep. There they took an affectionate leave of Mr. Woods, for whose kindness to them while in his custody they expressed their earnest thanks. On being conducted into the cells of the Millbank Penitentiary, the little spirits they had left entirely forsook them. The discipline of this place is harrowing—the solitude rightful. The silent system is rigidly observed, and noises of a purely mechanical nature are excluded, for the purpose of rendering the solitude more appaling. The officers of the prison are interdicted the exchange of a single word with the wretched inmates. When the poor wretch speaks there is no reply the officer looks coldly and sternly at him, and imposes silence with a motion of the head, or a hush," deposits his food, and glides noiselessly away in list slippers. During the brief space allotted for exercise the convict is no better off. lie is conducted into a solitary court, of small dimensions, where, alone, he is cut off from the little pleasure which even a community of suffering affords. He sees nothing but high dark walls, and as much of the farce of heaven as is visible between their tops. After a brief stay there, on a signal from the officer, the convict retires to the solitude of his cell, peopled only with his own sad and desolate thoughts, which cat away into his heart, and which he would feign wreak upon some expiession of remonstrance of complaint. But even this little con- solation is refused him, and the perpetual silence which is imposed upon him is a part of the discipline of the establishment, which resembles not a little the solitude of the Trappists, without the resignation of that ascetic community. Even in this preparatory school-tliis half- way-house to some Penal Settlement beyond the seas, there is a refinement in the punishment. The dress which the convict is obliged to put on on entering the prison is of a nature to make him lose what little of self- respect he may have left. It is a kind of Harlequin attire-one side yellow, the other blue—one leg white, the other green. The nether garment, patched up with motley pieces, renders him an object of loathing and contempt to himself, and derision to others, were others permitted to witness this transformation. Fortunately for the wretched convicts, they do not long abide here. Whenever circumstances require that their stay here should be protracted, the effect of this discipline soon becomes apparent in raving madness, or confirmed and incurable idiotcy. And this is the place to which, for the present, the unfortunate men who left the county gaol last week are for the present confined—a salutary but terrible warning to those who imagine that the laws are to be broken with impunity. If the preliminary sufferings of convicts are so great as not unfrequently to drive them mad, what must be the terrible realities of the convict's life, on his arriving at the Penal Settlements of Van Dieman's Land?" We do not envy the feelings of that man who can contemplate the torture to which two simple, untutored rustics are subjected for an offence the least morally criminal, under the circumstances, which one can conceive of. Are the two peasant boys to be transported beyond the seas for acting a part in a farce, which others, not they, converted into a tragedy. Surely there are enough of palliatory circumstances in their case- surely the ends of justice may be satisfied without sending the poor lads beyond the seas to herd with felons, murderers, and other miscreants. The original fault, it must be borne in mind, too was not theirs-it was that of the class above them, the magisterial jobbers. These and not the convicts, are the real culprits.
I MADNESS—BIBLE READING.
I MADNESS—BIBLE READING. At Pentonville Model Prison, on Friday, an inquest was held, before Mr. Wakely and a Jury of seventeen persons, on the body of John Bremner. After the examination of the witnesses, the Coroner requested the attendance of Mr. Hosking, the Governor, and Dr. Rees and pointed out some matters for atten- tion in what the prisoners had stated. Oge complained that rope-dust hurt his lungs. The Governor said, that the conmlaint was not common in the prison but the ferred to one of the prisoners wnohadT acquired a pas- sion for reading the Bible. The man had spoken with tears of gratitude of his treatment, but said he felt fag- ged and weakened and it was evident, from his des- cription and appearance that his brain threatened to be- come soft-probably by constantly dwelling on what he could not understand. He would advise the Governor to stop that tendency, or the portals of Bethlehem would soon be open to the man. The Governor and Dr. Rees promised to give attention to these sug- gestions. The Jury returned a verdict, that John Bremner died a natural death, from pulmonary consumption"; accompanying their verdict with expressions of gratifi- cation at the kindness and attention with which the pri- ¡ soners were treated.
I NEW ZEALAND—SHOCKING TRAGEDY.j
I NEW ZEALAND—SHOCKING TRAGEDY. A frightful tragedy has been performed in New Zealand, which will strike with grief many a hearth in this country. Nineteen British settlers at Melson, including some of the leading men, have been mas- sacred, after a sort of fight with the Natives, at some distance from the settlement. Two Native chiefs dis- puted the title of the New Zealand Company to a particular district, and insisted on arresting the pro- gress of a survey until the title should be settled by the Commissioners of Land Claims: the surveyors would not wait, an d hostilities began with the burning of a hut by the chiefs, as a means of ejecting the White occupants. The discomfited surveyors called for assis- t,tilee a Police  tance a Police Magistrate went with a warrant, and some fifty persons, to seize the contumacious chiefs; apparently not expecting to fight, but to carry every thing with the display of strength and authority. They parleyed; the Magistrate lost his temper the undisciplined posse comitatus began to fire guns; and ran away as soon as it came to a real battle: those who stood firm were left unsupported, surrounded, and obliged to surrender: the fierce chief, who refused obedience ;o the warrant, had been further enraged bv the accidental shooting of his wife, and he deliberately killed them all-one by one, unarmed and env ironed as they were-with his own' tomahawk! Much indis- cretion must have been committed by the uiifortuna' .,Iagi,strate but those who have watched the course of events in New Zealand will recognize in the disaster not an unanticipated result. It is to be feared that the bad spirit fostered among the Natives—has had its fruit, after some of the seeds of mischief were sup- posed to have perished. Of those who have fallen, the most remarkable in every way was Captain Arthur Wakefield, the Com- pany's Agent; whose loss will be severely felt and deeply lamented in the colony and in this country. All accomplished Naval officer of long service—abundant in resources—frank and engaging in his personal address—kind, generous, and prudent—he enjoyed the confidence and affection of all classes. Seldom has a man been so esteemed at once by those who could appreciate his highest qualities, and by the commoner class, with whom higher pretensions are sometimes an obstacle to the case and good feeling of familiar inter- course The colonists of New Zealand regarded him as a main pillar of their state. Fortunately the very greatness of the calamity will rouse the settlers and the local authorities to take such meamres as might have prevented this, and will prevent another blow. Greater diligence will be used in set- tling points of dispute with the chiefs of the country troops were sent from the seat of Government at Auck- land and from New South Wales; and in place of being dismayed, the settlers were making spirited arrangements for their own protection. The Natives appear almost blameless in the affair. With their imperfect comprehension, and their military propensity, their conduct rather indicates independence and bravery than mere savageness for the massacre was the act of an individual, of more than average fierceness, and who was not without cause for exasperation. But the danger, now known in actual results, will in future be ren'ly less than heretofore. The melancholy fact is, that experience and warning should have been bought at s ich a price.
[No title]
ACTIONS FOR 'rDUCTION.-An action for seduction is a disgrace and a scandal, to the intelligence and Christianity of the country. It is nothing but a trafficking in that which never ought to have been the sub:ect of traffic. In England, however, all things are me isured by a money standard—the political franchise, seats in the Legislature, butcher's meat, and the chas- tity of woman! Truly, sir. herein we require that a lustration should he performed and the national character piirified But I will not extend my remarks I have some knowledge of courts of law, and can truthfully ailirm that such an action as this is rarely brought into court without a melancholy exposure of its degrading influences upon all parties concerned in it, directly |or indirectly; and I have long ago come to the conclusion, that when once woman is taught and thoroughly feels that her honour is in her own keeping, it will lie much more safely kept than it ever can be in i the custody of judge or jury. J. H. P.
LIME, SALT, AND ASHES. )
LIME, SALT, AND ASHES. ) We lately saw an instance of the wonderful effects of the above substances as a manure, on the farm of Mr. G. W. Shaw, ofNecdham. The soil was a light, sandy loam, that had become so exhausted that it pro- duced little else than sorrel, as was there shown by ad- jacent lands. So small was the produce, that the person who sold the land, and had a claim to its uso one year more was willing to relinquish his claim to four acres for three dollars. Last spring the land was ploughed and harrowed, then half an acre for corn was manuied with two bushels of salt, two casks of lime, and the ashes from one ton of coal, mixed with six or seven cords of loam taken from a ridge where a wall had been removed. On one side the wall, the headlands had been thrown, and on the other some little loam from the side of the road. The salt and lime were refuse, the former cost 20 cents per bushel, and the latter 75 cents per cask. The ashes and loam were reckoned of but little value. This manure was spread on the land, and remaining on the top, the corn was dropped oil it, without furrowing or holeing. We saw this corn July 20th, and it was one of the most luxuriant and handsome pieces that we have seen, and more forward than any other. It was all spindled out, and beginning to silk. It was throwing out two, three, and in some cases four or five shoots for ears. A good deal of it was five and six feet high and though in the time of a severe drought, it did not suffer from this cause, as there was moisture between the rows at the surface. We noticed the same appearance as to moisture in the garden, manured in like manner. As an experiment, a rod or two of this land was manured with a shovelful of stable manure in the hill (not a good way of applying it,) and on that the corn was not much more than half so high, and not so forward, as it was just spindling, while the other was beginning to silk.— Boston Cultivater.
ENCLOSURE ACT.—HARD CASE.…
ENCLOSURE ACT.—HARD CASE. I To the Editor of the 11 Welshman." I Graig Capel, Pembrey, Carmarthenshire, Dec. 13th, 1843. SIR,-I have been informed that a Special Commission has been in this neighbourhood for the purpose of in- quiring into the distress and grievances of the people; but, from what I am able to learn, their enquiries have not extended to persons of my class, or into the grievances that I have, as well as many others, to complain of. I am now 84 years of age, 1 have a numerous family of children and grandchildren, and I was always considered an industrious and hard working man, and never until very lately had occasion to trouble any one for assistance of any kind. In the year 1810 I obtained the unanimous consent of the landed proprietors and their agents of this parish, to encose about an acre of ground on the common called Graig Capel, in this parish, on which I erected a cottage, and through great trouble and labour cleared from off the said piece of land upwards of 300 cartloads of stones I made a substantial fence about the same, which fence I planted with different sorts o trees. Part of the land I had so enclosed I plantedf with various sorts of apple trees, the remainder I used as a potatoe and other vegetable garden; every spare hour I could find was devoted to the improvement of what I then thought I should have enjoyed as long as I lived. I often worked at it by moonlight, and the labour I bestowed upon it for 20 years could not be rated at less than one hundred pounds. The mere value of the land when I first enclosed it was not five shillings per annum, but by dint of my great exertions in the course of a few years I produced an abundance of vegetables as good as any one for miles around me-my apple trees flourished and began to bear fruit abundantly, and I had every rea- son to pride myself in the idea that the sweat of my brow which had often fallen on this once barren and almost worthless piece of land would have most amply supported me (as it might have done) in my old age. But, alas after I had enjoyed the uninterrupted possession of the same for nineteen years and forty-six weeks, an Act of Parliament (as it is' called) was passed for enclosing the common and waste lands in this parish, and in conse- quence of there being 7 or 8 weeks wanting of the 20 years Quit Possession required by the act to give me a title to the same, the Commissioner under the said Act sold my house and garden for about £;50, and I poor David Gower was turned out of possession To prove to you, Sir, the truth of the statement, would any one be kind enough to apply to the Secretary to the Horticultural Society at Carmarthen, it will be found that my industry and labour in the improvement of this piece of waste land had excited the attention of many of the subscribers to that society, and they awarded me in the year 1824 the highest prize granted in such cases. I am now, as I before stated 84 years of age, I am allowed by the guard- ians 2s. 6d. per week, out of which I have to pay a person for performing many services 1 am unable to do myself. I applied at the last vestry held in this parish for a pair of shoes and some further relief, the vestry duly sympa- thised with my situation, and entered a resolution to re- commend my case to the consideration of the Board of Guardians but they, the guardians, for reasons best known to themselves, refused to grant me anything further than the 2s. 6d. per week—I am now barefooted and in want of a sufficiency of food and clothing, and many other necessaries required by a man 84 years of age. As our most gracious Sovereign will, in all pro- bability during her reign (which I trust may be a long and happy one) be often called upon to give her assent to enclosure acts, I implore her to pause before doing so, and enquire whether the rights and interests of the poorer classes residing on, and in the vicinity of such intended inclosure, have been duly consulted; and I humbly submit that it would be of much more benefit to the landed proprietors than the value of a few acres of poor and barren land, to raise the condition of the lower class rather than to depress them by such, acts as these. And I am certain it would have a tendency to cause them to regard an Act of Parliament with feelings of quite a different sort to what my children and grandchildren can ever be expected to entertain for the Act of Parliament passed in the eleventh year of the reign of his late Maj esty King George the Fourth, by which act their father and grandfather is now, at the age of 81, brought to the dis- tressed situation as above described. I am, Sir, your most obedicr t servant, DAVID GOWEP,, Carpeiiter.
TO THE EDITOR OF "THE WELSHMAN."
TO THE EDITOR OF "THE WELSHMAN." SIR,-In a recent leader you inserted a quotation from a correspondent's letter, in which the Welsh are said to be only half civilized; and as you seem to consider the English a perfect model of civilization, I shall make a few comparisons between them and their Welsh neigh- bours, that you may judge for yourself how far the latter are behind the former. The Welsh arc said to be over- religious and hypocritical; I grant that there is a great deal of hypocrisy, but is this not better than a state of total ignorance of the first principles of our religion in which state, generally speaking, I consider the great mass of English peasants to be. What Tom Courtenay could delude some hundreds of Welsh people? The Welsh have been accused of living in whole families in the same apartment; these instances I can say from ex- perience arc very rare, and when they do occur, are to be ascribed to poverty. There are hundreds of families living in London at the present moment who have only an assortment each. Here father, mother, sons, daugh- ters, cats, and dogs, may be found eating and sleeping in a room hardly twelve yards square, and when profes- sional duties oblige me to enter these holes of misery, 1 am almost knocked down by the stench at my first I -?.? f"- "'y? a large nunTber of animals belonging to the class Tnsccta) These people are English bred, and living in the metro- polis of England. The Welsh are accused of being ex- orbitant in their demands from strangers; this may be partly true. Human nature is the same everywhere; but what say you of London, where, according to my experience, the fact of one being a stranger is with the Cockneys a reason why they should always make the best of him. The Welsh, I allow, are not such adepts at disguising a dishonest act as the English are, and if this is civilization, may heaven grant that they may always remain uncivilized. There is no doubt but that the Welsh arc inferior to the English in many respects. What other nation in Europe equals them ? but to call the descendants of the Ancient Britons half-civilized, is more than any Welshman can endure with patience. It might perhaps be advantageous for the Welsh to adopt the English language (though inferior to their own ;) it is time alone that can. do this in the hope that The Welshman will continue its endeavours to benefit Wales, I remain, &c., A WELSHMAN. I
FAIR PLAY rou WELSHMAN-
FAIR PLAY rou WELSHMAN- SIR,-We are told by a CORRESPONDENT of the Standard, whose paragraph was copied into your paper, and very properly condemned by you, that unless the first few vcrdicts on the approaching trials of the Ilebeccaites arc satisfactory to the law officers of the crown, that the rest of the cases arc to be removed. So that in fact unless the prisoners to be first tried are not found guilty, and the law officers of the crown think they ought to be they, the law officers are to be at liberty to appeal to another tribunal The prisoners, however much, dissatisfied with the verdicts, must submit. Is this British justice ? Is this a fair and impartial trial by jury ? Are Welshmen to be coerced into finding verdicts of guilty? This threat of removing cases if the result of a few verdicts is not in accordance with the views of any particular set of men is a most unconstitutional at- tempt to compel juries to truckle to the crown officers. It is, Sir, as gross an attempt to stifle the voice of liberty as ever was made by the greatest tyrants that ever yet disgraced the seat of justice ? It is expressly declared by stat. 27 H. 8, that all Welshmen born shall have the same liberties s others the king's subjects. Blackstone states that writs of certiorari do not issue as a matter of course without shewing some probable cause why the extraordinary power of the crown is called in to the party's assistance, and says, whoever will attentively consider the English history may observe that the flag- rant abuse of any power by the crown or its ministers has always been productive of a struggle which either discovers the exercise of that power to be contrary to law or (if legal) restrains it for the future. The op- pression of an obscure individual gave birth to the famous riaoeus corpus act .51 c. &. s. z. winch is frequently consi- dered as another magna nharta oi, the kingdom. In mag- na charta trial by jury is more than once "insisted on as the principal bulwark of our liberties;" but what, sir, becomes of our liberties, our properties, or lives, if we are to be thus trampled upon? Are the accused, most of whom are as innocent of the crimes imputed to them as the child unborn—men committed on the testi- mony of witnesses who may be interested, and think only of the large rewards offered, to be kept in gaol until it shall please the crown officers to have them tried in some far distant land, far from their homes, their friends, and all who can now at a trifling expence to them attend at Carmarthen to testify to their good conduct or character. A short time ago, Sir, we were threatened with martial law. Why, that would be a blessing in comparison with the trial by civil juries, drawn into verdicts nolens volens, in accordance only with the whims or fancies of consti- tutional or unconstitutional lawyers. Better abolish at once the trial or rather the farce of trial by jury. Give us at once a jury guarded by soldiers with fixed bayonets, ordered and compelled to give their verdicts one way or the other as it may please the caprice of their commander—give us judges at once with drawn swords over their heads bid to sum up and direct on one side only—give us these or worse, but do not give us the sluulowand take away the substance of a Briton's birth- right—trial by jury—by a fair and impartial jury of his own countrymen. Even foreigners have the privilege of having some foreigners on a jury, and are Welshmen to be deprived of this privilege of having men who under- stand their native language on the jury. There has been a great deal of declamatory nonsense uttered about the Ilendy-Gate verrliet, and it is brought against us as a disgrace to the county. Now I admit that the act itself was disgraceful to the parties concerned, but is it clear there was sufficient evidence brought before the jury to justify them in returning a verdict of murder ? Is it clear that the coroner explained the law in such cases, but admitting all this was done, does it follow that there are not to be found in the county of Carmarthen 12 honest and upright men who will fearlessly perform their duty. FAIR PLAY. TO THE EDITOR OF "THE WELSHMAN." Haverfordwest., Dec. 18, 18.13. SIR,—There is a "Journal" into which I never look but in search of an occasional advertisement, and in whose columns, I have just been told, there appears a composition every way worthy of its medium of publi- cation, directed towards my person only, and which, in accordance with universal opinion here, I shall not con- descend to peruse or comment upon, further than by quoting the scuise of an ancient adage, viz., The more you stir a cess-pool the more it will stink." Let it lie. j i i am, Sir, your obedient servant, L. j
THE SONG OF THE SHIRT. I
THE SONG OF THE SHIRT. I With fingers weary and worn. With, eyelids heavy and red, A woman sat, in unwomanly rags, Plying her needle and thread— Stitch stiteli stitch In poverty, hunger and dirt, And still with a voice of dolorous pitch She sang the Song of the Shirt!" "Work! work! work! While the cock is crowing aloof! And work-work-work, Till the stars shine through the roof! It's O to be a slave Along with the barbarous Turk, Where woman has never a soul to save, If this is Christian work Work—work—work Till the brain begins to swim; | "Work—work—work Till the eyes are heavy and dim Seaiii, and gusset, and band, Band, and gusset, and seam, Till over the buttons I fall asleep, And sew them on in a dream O men, with sisters dear O men with mothers and wives It is not linen you're wearing out, But human creatures' lives Stitch-stiteli-stitch, In poverty, hunger, and dirt, Sewing at once, with a double thread, A shroud as well as a shirt. But why do I talk of Death That phantom of grisly bone, I hardly fear his terrible shape, It seems so like my own— It seems so like my own, Because of the fasts I keep, "Oh! God! that bread should be so dear, And flesh and blood so cheap ,V ork-work-work My labour never flags And what arc its wages? A bed of straw, A crust of hread-and rags. That shatter'd roof—and this naked floor- A table—a broken chair— And a wall so blank, my shadow I thank For sometimes falling there Work—work—work From weary chime to chime, Work—work—work As prisoners work for crime Band, and gusset, and seam, Seam, and gusset, and band, Till the heart is sick, and the brain benumb'd, As well as the weary hand. Work—work—work, In the dull December light, And work-work-work, When the weather is warm and bright- While underneath the caves The brooding swallows cling, As if to show me their sunny backs And t%s it me with the spring. Oh but to breathe the breath Of the cowslip and primrose sweet- With the sky above my head, And the grass beneath my feet, For only one short hour To feel as I used to feel, Before I knew the woes of want And the walk that costs a meal! Oh, but for one short hour! A respite, however brief! "No blessed leisure for Love or Hope, But only time for Grief! A little weeping would ease my heart "Butintheirbrinybed, "My tears must stop, for every drop 11 Hinders needle and thread With fingers weary and worn, With eyelids heavy and red, A woman sate in unwomanly rags, Plying her needle and thread— Stitch stitch! stiteli In poverty, hunger, and dirt," And still with a voice of dolorous pitch, Would that its tone could reach the rich! She sang this Song of the Shirt!"—Punch.
,-LONDON GAZETTE.
LONDON GAZETTE. BANKRUPTS.—( Thomp- son, Southampton, tailor.—Henry Southgate, Fleet- street, auctioneer.—Owen Wynn Thomas, Clement's- court, and Milk-street, silk-warehouseman.—William Read, King-street, Covent-garden, engraver.—Thomas Gore, Broadstairs, Kent, baker.-Payner Graves, Ed- ward-street, rortman-square, saddler.-George Bullock, Derby, tobacconist,—John Kidd, Kendal, grocer.—Wil- liam Habbuck, South Shields, pawnbroker.—John Smith, Stoke-up on- Trent, corndealer. BANKRUPTS,.—( Tuesday, December 19.)—Richard Champion, furrier, Friday-street, to surrender De- December 29, at one, and Jan. 26, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy.—Frederick Barry, ''miller, Rye, Sussex, Jan. 2, at one, and Jan. 30, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy.—Thomas Trapp and Thomas Pierson Trapp, tallow chandlers, Church-street, South- wark, 7an 12, at half-past eleven, and Feb. 2, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcv.—Robert Hcffer, draper, DtiH-3, .J,,u. 10, Ut hr.iI-pHSL t.ic, cmdFc?. 2, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy.—James Flint, linen draper, Lewes, Sussex, Jan. 5 and 31, at twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy.—James Eber Bunker, mer- chant, Lower Shadwell, Jan. 3, at half-past twelve, and •l;l, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy.-J oseph Pearson, cut nail manufacturer, Darlasion, Staffordshire, Jan. 3, at half-past twelve, and Jan. 24, at half-past eleven, at the Birmingham District Court.
TO READERS AND CORRESPONDENTS.
TO READERS AND CORRESPONDENTS. 1 READERS are desired to observe that we do not deem ourselves responsible for either the language or senti- ments of correspondents. 2 CORRESPONDENTS whose communications arecurtaile 1 or omitted, are requested, always to refer such curtail- ment, or omission to the Printers want of time and space. We seldom receive any communication wholly unworthy of a nlace in our colttiiins but every post brings more letters than we possibly can find room for. Accounts of LOCAL occurrences are always welcome. No unpaid letter is received nor any unpaid puffery, inserted. Paragraphs promotivc purely of private in- terrst or personal gratification are of course always paid for. All letters ought to be addressed to the Editor; and if an answer is sought, post office labels should be enclosed. Facts unauthenticated bv real signature and address can receive no attention. 'Para- graphs of GENERAL interest will always be well re- ceived and highly appreciated. Every nuptial and obituary notice must be short or if long, a post- office ordnr with it will be required. Resolutions are advertisements and must be paid for accordingly. We desire to supply our readers with the largest pos- sible quantity of PUKLIC Intelligence and to accom- plish this obj. t, limits are necessarily prescribed to merely individual ends and private purposes. 3 The Proprietors of the "Welshman" arc not answer- able for the non-arrival of papers posted from their office, and in order to simplify accounts they desire it to be distinctly understood that the shortest term of sub- scription is tlnve months. Moreover if any person desiring to discontinue the" Welshman," and who is at the same time indebted to its Proprietary would give effect to his wish, he must, of course, contemporaneously send a Post-Office Order for the liquidation of his debt. 4 AGENTS are requested to recollect that the shortest term of subscription is a qitarter and that every "discon- tinuance" ought to be accompanied by a Post-Office Order. The charge for inserting an advertisement is determined by the space it occupies, according to a fixed scale, beginning at five shillings for eight lines and under. The price of admission to our columns for paragraphs (not in our advertising columns) is equally moderate. 5 The publisher of this paper intimates to such of its non-subscribers as write for one or more papers that the money for the same must accompany the request; sixpence must be enclosed for a single paper. sixpence must be enc l ose d for a s: M c paper. 6 POST-OFFICE ORDERS.—To the convenience of Post- Office Orders, the attention of our agents and the public in general is particularly pointed these orders avoid account-keeping, and preserve a good understanding between all parties. An order may be obtained at the Post-office as follows :-l"or any sum not exceeding £ 2— 3d.; ziloi- .,C') and not exceeding £ 5—6d. December 9th, 1812.
WEEKLY CALENDAR.I
WEEKLY CALENDAR. I THE MOON'S CIIANGF.s.-First Quarter, on the 28th I of December, at 2h. 5;m. after. The Moon rises, Dee. 23.— 9h. 33m. A.M. I Dec. 25. lOh. 38m.? 2 L- 9h. 59m. 27.10h. 55m. 25.— lOh. 20m. 28. Illi. 12mu- The Sun rises. Clock after Sun. The Sun sets. Dec. 25. 8h 8m. 3aj. 53 see. 3h. 53m. 28. 8h 8m. Sm. 55 sec. Sh.Mm. Dec. 21.—1' ourth Sunday in Advent. Proper Lessons Morning, Isaiah 30, Acts 24; Evening, Isaiah 32 John 4. —— 25.—Christmas Day. —— 26.—St. Stephen. 'Length of day, 7h. 47m.; day's increase 1 m. day breaks, 6h. 2m. twilight ends, Gh. 1m. 27.—St. John. 28.—lnnoeeents. TIDE TABLE. HIGH ATER at BRISTOL, during the week. Momiur; Evenina l (:vmhl'rl- BatJiurst Gates. Gates. H. 11. H. M. FT. INC. FT. INC. DEC. 23 8 28 fi 48 32 3 21 0 24 9 8 9 29 31 3 20 0 25 9 51 10 6 29 11 18 8 26 10 21 10 40 28 3 17 0 27 10 59 11 18 26 1 14 10 28 11 37-11 54 2:5 11 12 8 29 0 18 22 5 11 2 EQUATION OF ese equations, applied to the above table, will give the approximate times of HIGH WATER AT THE FOLLOWING PLACES:— H. M. Aberystwitli add 0 15 Carmarthen-bav..sub. 1 5 Cardigan-bar .sub. 0 15 Cardiff-roads sub. 0 55 Carnarvon add 1 45 Chepstow sub. 0 13 Fishguard-bay.sub. 0 30 II. M. Holyhead add 2 45 Liverpool add 4 6 Lundvlsle sub. 1 45 Milfurd Haven .sub. 135 Newport, Mon. sub. 0 30 Swansea-bar sub. 1 15 Thames' mouth, .sub. 5 4.5
AGRICULTURE, MARKETS, &c.
AGRICULTURE, MARKETS, &c. Fi oin the Mark Lane Express of Dec. 18. Owing to the farmers bringing in their produce so abundantly, there is from week to week more difficulty in effecting sales without giving way in prices; but the accounts from Bristol, of Thursday, state that the little business done there had been at about previous rates nor were purchasers enabled to buy either English or Foreign Wheat cheaper than the week before at Birming- ham on the day named. Whilst Wheat has everywhere receded in value, Barley and Oats have nearly remained stationary in price; indeed the former article has enjoyed a more active demand than at any previous period since the commencement of the season, and for really fine sam- ples high rates have been paid. The top quotation of town-manufactured Flour has remained nominally unal- tered, but all other sorts have slightly given way in value. The duty on Barley grain is now 6s. per quarter, having receded a step on Thursday; whether any further abatement will take place is at present doubtful, the last weekly average for the kingdom being only 31s. 8d. per qr. The only alteration in the duties on Friday was the fall 011 Bailey just noticed. s. s, s. s. Wheat, Engl., red 48 to 54 Oits, Engl. FolLnd 21-22 Allilite 5:, 60 Potatoe 22 -25 Irish 4.8-50 Feed. 21—22 Do. wliite 50-52 Scotch feed 20-22 Barley, Malting. 34 — 35 Irish Galway. 17—13 Chevalier 33 —36 Dublin .18-19 Distilling 30 — 31 Limerick 19-21 Grinding. 30 -32 Tares pr. busl.Os. Od Os. Od. Beans, Tick 28—34 Rapcsced English 251sto261 Do. old 34—38 per last of 10 qrs. Harrow 32-31 Clovers(el, red 46-65 Old White, do. Foreign, 32—35 F, reiieh 50-70 Peas, Boiling. 31-38 Linseed, Baltic and White 33 — 36 Russia. 36-41 Grey. 32—33 Flour, Town-made Maple 31 —33 and bestcountry Malt, Brown 56-58 marks. 48-50 Chevalier 60—63 Stockton 38 — 40 Pale. (iO 63 orf. & Suffolk. 38 -40 Rye, English 30—36 Duty on Flour, pr. brl. 128. of Wheat Barley Oats. liye. Beans 11,eas the 6 weeks which regu- lates the du- ty 51 4 31 10 18 8 30 0 31 10 33 Duties paya- ble 19 0 7 0 8 0 10 6 10 6 0 G Ditto on g-rain from British pos- sessions out of Europe.. 5 0 06 20 262048 LONDON AVERAGES. £ s. d. E s. d. Wheat.. 4,616 qrs.2 12 10 J?-e. 181qrs.ll0 4 Barley.. 8,294 1 13 11 Beans.. 1,088 1 11 2 Oats 14,146 0 19 7 Peas 1,320 1 13 9 GENERAL AVERAGE PRICE OF CORN. \Dcclarcd Thursday Morning.] Week ended Dcc. 15 .—Imperial—General Weekly Barley, 31s. 8d Oats, 18s. 8d; Rye. 30s. Id Begins, 32s. Od; Peas, 33s. Od. Aggregate Average of six weeks which governs Duty. —Wheat, 51s. 5d.; Barley, 32s. Od.: Oats, 18s. 10d.; Rye, 30s. Od.; Beans, 32s. 0d.; Peas, 38s. 8d. Duty on Foreign Corn.—Wheat, 19s^0d; Barley, 6s. Od; Oats, 8s. Od Rye, 10s. 6d; Beans, 10s. 6d; Peas, 9s. 6d. I PlUCES OF BREAD. The prices of Wheatcn Bread in the Metropolis are from 7d. to 7?d.: Household ditto, 6d. to 6?d per 4lbs. Ilo"Lf. I NE WGATE AND LEADENIIALL, Dec. 18. I At per Slbs. by the carcass. Inferior Beef,2s 8dto3s 4d Middling do.,2s 6d 2:5 lid Prime "s Od 3s 2d Pork, 3s Od 3s 4d Very superiors Sd 4s Od Inf. Mutton Is 8d 2s Od Middling.. 2s 4d 2s 6d Prime ditto 2s 8d 39 Od ?Vcal 2s 8d 3s 8d Lamb Os Od Os Od I PRICE OF TALLOW, Src. 1-? The market remains the same as last week in every respect. Prices are steady, and the trade are only dis- posed to purchase what they require for immediate wants. The improvement in the delivery is caused by the com- pletion of the contracts for tallow sold to be delivered in the present month Town tallow is plentiful, and the price 41s. Gd. net cash. 1843. 1S42. 1841. 1840. Stoek this day 29,298.23,710..29 234..40,932 Delivery last week 2,912. 2,329.. 2,573. 2.908 Ditto from ht June 34,813.35.629..37,145.37,263 Arrival last week. 3,.000.. 220.. 8,264.12,698 Ditto from 1st June, 44,888.40,120..48,251.62,727 I Price this day:— 1S13. 1842. 1841. 1840. Old —s Od to —s Od New41s 9dto 48s 6dto—sOd 47s 0d to —sOd ols Od to-Od Ditto Town last r, i-id;,v 40s Od to-s 0d51 Gel tos Od 50s0d to —s Od5.5s Gd to-s Od I SMITHFIELD CATTLE MARKET; Dec. 18. I Notwithstanding the great Christmas Show was held last week, the number of beasts on offer in to-day's Im-,trkc,u was large for the time of year. With regard to its quality, we have to observe" there was nothing remarkably prime amongst it, though there were some exceedingly well made up Devons, Herefords, Durha.ms, and short-horns on offer. (Per 81bs.,—to sink the offal.) s. d. s. d. Best Scots, &C.4 2 4 6 Useful ditto.3 10 4 0 Best Short IIorns3 6 0 0 Useful dilto .3 0 0 0 Best Fat Cows ..0 0 0 0 Best Downs &c.O 0 0 0 IS. d. s. d. Lon?-wooHed we. 3 8 4 0 Ewes ditto 3 6 0 0 [ Inferior Ewes 3 0 0 0 Lambs. 0 0 0 0 C.ilves. 2 104 6 Small Porkers 4 2 4 6 CURRENT PRICE OF HOPS, Dec. 18. We have had rather more doing in the Hop trade du- ing the last two or three days, and prices may be called Is. 10 2s. per cwL better. Duty, £130,000. Since this day week there has been a better inquiry, and the quotations have been fully supported. Old Hops have been taken to a fair extent, owing to the scarcity in first hands of this year's growth, and a lively trade is expected after Christmas, with higher prices. POCKETS, 1843. Sussex 116s to Wealds. 118s to 122s Do. Choicc. 126s to 130s 1 Mid. Kent. 140s to 180s I East Kent. 140s to 210s Farnhams 195s to 210s RAW HIDES AND SHEEP SKINS. d. d. Market hides per lb. 3 J 4 Middlinghides 3 3} Ordinary 2.} 3 Ca I !'Ski Ils,above 1 Olh:=:. each wsll-flayed7s.0d.0s.0d. s. d. s. d. 1 Horse Hides 7 0 0 0 Lambs 2 0 26 Long i? i 2 0 2 6 Lon?WooI.30 4 0 I Downs 2 0 2 G i 1',Its *0 2 0 2 6 I Pelts 0 0 0 6 LONDON HAY MARKET.—SATURDAY. Smithfield. Whitpchapel Coarse Meadow Hav 5 s 70s 45s 76s Clover Ilay 60s 107s 60s 108s Wheat Straw 32s C5s 33s 35s Fine Upland and Rye Grass ..57s 83s 828 85s PRICES OF SOAP. Yellow Soap 14s Od to tSs Otl Mottled do. 50s Od..52s.Od Curd do. 60s Od.. Os.Od MeltingStuff31s0d to—s.Od I Rough clitto.20s0dto-s.Od Graves, 14s. and good dregs, 5s. per ewt. Rough Fat, average 2s. Gd. per Slbs. PRICES OF LEATHER AT LEADENIIALL. per lb. Crop hides,3,35.lid 12Id Do. do. 40 t- I5..12 14d Do. do. 50 to 60.,13d 17d Foreign Butts ,12d 17d English do 14d 22d Dr(,iilg Ili(Ics..Ild I'd Do. do. shaved ..13d 17d Saddlers' Hides..13d 15d Horse Hides, Bug., and German ..lid 16d I Horse,Spanish L3d 24d do. without Buttsl0s0dl4s6d' Seal Skins 13d 17d per lb. Basils 5d 8d K I Est TM?M!. lbs. d. d. DrvsaltedBest5to7 17 19 Ditto ditto 7 9 15 171 Ditto, seconds. 12 16 !-)itto, thirds 9 11 KIPS.—Petersburqh. Unshaved. Shaved, lbs. lbs. d. d. d. 4 to 7..17tol8..17Uol3i 7 S.-IC) 17..164 18 < 9 10..15 16..16 164 11 13..14 15..15 154 »
Advertising
I ADVERTISEMENTS AND ORDERS RECEIVED BY THE FOLLOWING AG ENTS T"'Io. ijONDON Mr. liarker, 6-i, Fleet-street,; Mr. R. AN-intcr, 5, Bouveric-street, Fleet-street; Messrs Newton and Co., Warwick-square Mr. G. Reynell, 42, Chancery- lane Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbrook, near the Mansion- House Mr. Hammond, 27, Lombard-street; W. Daw- son and Son, 74, Cannon-street; Mr. C. Mitchell, Red I Lion Court, Flret-strect;- AEERYSTWYTH .Mr. Joseph Roberts, Draper. AISERGAVENNY .Mr.C. It. Phillips, Auctioneer. BRECON Evans, Ship-street. BRIDGEND .Mr. David Jenkins. BRISTOL .l\Iesqs. Philp& Evans, ?0, Clare-st CARDIFF Nlr. Bird, Post Office. CARDIGAN .Mr. Isaac Thomas, Printer. DUEL IN J. K. Johnstone ft Co., Eden Quay • HAVERFORDWEST ..Mr. O. E. Davies, High-street. LLAMHI.O Mr. Thomas James, Stationer. LLANDOVERY Nfr. Morris, Spirit Merchant. LAMPETER .Mr. Rees, Druggist. LLANELLY .A. rr. Gawlcr. MILFORD .11r. Gwyther, Custom House. MEKTIIVR Mr. William Morris. NARRERTH Nfr. Williams, Post Master, PEMBROKE Mr. R. C. Treweeks, Chemist. SWANSEA Mr. Grove, Stationer, AVind-st. TEXHY Nlr. Walkington, Chemist, and Miss Bourne, Library. And all Postmasters and Clerks of the roads. THIS PAPER IS REGULARLY FILED by all the above agent* and also in London, at Lloyd's Coffee-IIouse, No. 177, and 178, Flee t-street.-rrlle Chapter Coffee-House, St. Paul's.—Deacon's Coffee- House, Walbrook.—Jerusalem Coffee-IIouse, CornhiH> and the Auct on Mart. Printed and Published in Guildhall Square, in the Parish of St. l'etcr, in the County of the Doroug-h of* Cainnarthen: 1111 the Proprietors, Charics W:Lt)in? isbev of Picton Terra" and Joseph Snawforth of UnioÍl Street? Pic.tonTfrracf? Carmarthen aforesaid. FRIDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1843.