The Welshman

rniGiiTFUL MURD:S A:<D SLICIJ:- l nURXLEY. The neighbourhood of Burnley, in Lancashire, has been thrown into a state of great excitement by the commission of a double murder, followed by the self- destruction of the assassin, Robert Morris, a private in I the (JOth Rifles, quartered in that town. Morris, who was a Scotchman, officiated as mess-waiter, and was servant to Lieut. Grady. He had formed an intimacy with a girl named Isabella Hadden, daughter of the mess- master of the barrack, and it was jealousy of this young woman that led to the fatal results we have to state. Sunday evening Morris observed Isabella Hadden going with Lieut. Grady in the diredion of the latter's bed-room. Providing himself with a carving-knife from the kitchen he proceeded to the bed chamber, at the door of which he met his master and the girl. He stabbed them both with the knife, inflicting two wounds in the nec k and one in the abdomen of the female, and some davg.-rous abdominal wounds upon the lieutenant. The wretehd man then directed the weapon against himself, stabbing himself repeatedly in the abdomen and in other parts of the body. r mmediatdy after he was discovered in the passage, unable to speak, and he only livell three minutes subsequent to his being removed to his pantry. L;e.iteiiatit Gr;(Iy, ii-,)on being wounded, rushed into the mess-room, and exclaimed that lie had been murdtred by Morris. He was conveyed to bed and medical atten- dance procured, but all was in vain, the unfortunate officer expiring of his wounds at noon on Monday. babella 11 adden was removed to the lodgings of her parents, and died in great agony on Monday morning. The bodies lie at the barracks awaiting the inquest, which will be held on them by Mr. Hamreaves, one of the coroners for the northern division of Lancaster. I FUIITHER PARTICULARS. The corpse of Morris, the murderer and suicide, was interred on Wednesday, at midnight, in the grave-yard of Trinity church, adjoining the bat racks. The strictest privacy was observed, and we understand that no burial service was performed; but, in other respects, the interment was the ordinary one. The mortal remains of the unfortunate young officer were not interred on Thursday; they were awaiting directions from the deceased's family, some members of which were expected to arrive at Burnley in the course of that day. We understand that Lieutenant O'Grady had obtained leave of absence, to visit his mother; and that he had intended to proceed to Dublin for that purpose, in the' course of next w?ck. The feenngs of his widowed mother, looking forward with anticipations of pleasure to a visit from a beloved child, and now to be harrowed and wrung by the distressing recital of the circumstances which have led to his untimely death, may be conceived; but language would fail to depict them. We believe that the body of Isabella Territt has also been privately interred. In our former notice of this melancholy tragedy, we mentioned that she was the daughter of Mrs. Haddon, the mess-woman; but we forgot to add, that her father, an Irishman, is aLo at the barracks, in the capacity of mess-man. In-permitting" the misconduct of their daughter, which has led to the catastrophe by which she has at length lost her life, and been the cause of death to two others, these wretched parents have much to answer for. Some blame is also attributable to that laxity of moral discipline, in this respect, which this case has shown to exist sometimes with perfect military discipline, order, and subordination. If the authorities ot the Horse Guards could devise some plan by which there could be insured, in the domestic and social departments of the officers' mess-houses, such regulations as to give them a character as respectable as private houses, not only would such scenes as that which we have now under notice be avoided, but another great social advantage might he gained—the residence therein of the wives of officers; who are now driven to a distance, into private lodgings, at a considerable cost, and to the sacrifice of much domestic comfort and enjoyment. Some arrangement by which such a change could be effected, and to which the first step must be the removal of all improper characters fiom menial situations about the mess-houses, would redound to the credit of the authorities at the Horse Guards; and be, at least, as heneticial to the service as the alteration of a uniform, or the pres- cription or proscription of certain accoutrements on drill or on parade.—Manchester Guardian.

THE TRADING DISTRESS. It would have been a happy thing for this country if the distresses of her manufacturers coul have stopped short during the period which the Premier has deemed to be necessary to enable him to consider the causes of that distress, and the remedies fit to remove it. But al;ts though human means of good may sometimes he slow in their irovements, human suffering spreads with fearful rapidity. The real effect of the Corn-laws is now begin- ning to be appreciated. The absurdity to which we never gave countenance, of an immediate increase in the size of the loaf, and an immediate decrease in its price, as the consequence of adopting the Ministerial proposition re- garding the Corn-laws, is abandoned; but there has sprung up in its stead that true knowledge of the bad effects out p those laws, which we were amongst the first to inculcate, and which is now fast spreading through the country, and by which we hope to see the gradual change and fin al abolition of these mischievous laws effected. The speakers at the various meetings now show how the trade of the country has been injured by these laws. They prove that in all the articles in which our enor- mously-increasing population could be profitably em- ployed, the demand for labour has diminished. Instead of making saws and axes, and even knives, we only make the steel from which they are ultimately manufactured. The countries that could only pay us in corn for our goods being, by our insane and- wicked laws, prohibited from making payment in that form, have turned manu- facturers for themselves and getting from us little beyond the raw material, they work it up into the article re- quired for the use of the consumer. Our iron trade—one of the greatest staple trades of the country—is thus di- minishing daily. At a meeting at Sheffield, which took place in the course of the week- it was numerously and most respestably attenùed-and the speakers, abandoning all claptrap attempts at mere oratory applied themselves to facts, and most fearful for our national greatness were the facts which they put forth—Mr. Ibbotson, a great manufacturer, thus expressed himself:- The scissor trade is nearly annihilated; the Germans have done this [hear, hear, hear]. The axe trade—a trade of great importance in America—has nearly entirely left this town. America makes as many in three months as we do in twelve, and this is owing to the great duty on corn. In the mill saw we are entirely cut out, Circular saw, ditto [hear, hear]. True, I am sending steel to America to cut myself out, but what can I do ? I am ob- liged to do something, and I am even glad to send the very article away which ought to he manufactured into saws by myself. I fully expect that the day is not far distant when we shall be entirely cut out in table knives —another artide to manufacture which the Americans are likely to take away our steel. We have no alterna- tive but to let it go; for if we do not manufacture steel and sell it to them, they will manufacture it for them- sel ves." So that, in fact, we must be content now to supply to the GermaIJs and the Americans the very means ot des- troying the necessity for our best labour; for if we do not, they will procure those means elsewhere, and even that poor opportunity of labour will be lost to us. And this is all the effect of the Corn-laws. By preventing moneyless nations from trading with us in the way of bartering their natural produce for our manufactured goods, we have compelled them to become manufacturers for themselves and the longer we persevere in this fool- ish system, the more skilful manufacturers they will be- come, and the less need will they have to emplovour labour. We have seen the effect with respect to that particular manufacture in which we deemed ourselves the most practised and skiltull, and in which we believed others to he absolutely dependent on us. This is a severe lesson on our folly; but if we persevere in the folIy, f:e lesson will become more and more severe, till gradu- ally losing our trade, and destroying our shipping and our manufacturing interests, England, which, by these interests and the energy of her people has been raised to the station of one of the most important nations of the earth, will descend to that low point at which unassisted agriculture, a half fruitful soil, and an unpropitious cli- mate would have leit her.-Lojidon Paper.

I RELIGIOUS INTELLIGENCE. The thirty seventh anniversary of the Leeds Anxiliary Tract Society was held in the-salomi of the Music Hall, Albiou-strect, on Moiiday wet k. On the previous day, sermons on behalf of the society were preached by the Rev. J. Ely, at East Parade chapel, and the Rev. J. £ Giles, at Soath Parade chapel. The first stone of a new chapel is about to be laid in Croft-strert, Bradford. It is intended for Mr. W. Trotter, late minister of Ebenezer chapel, belonging to tfee Wes- leyan New Connection, but who, along with Mr. Joshua Barker, of Gateshead, was expelled at the last conference, in consequence of holding some opinions different to those of the conferegme. A meeting of the Litchfield Diocesan Church Building Society was held at Wolverhampton on Tuesday, when upwards of £1,500 was subscribed in the room. It was stated in the course of the proceedings that the Rev. T. Gisbourne had subscribed Xi,o,)O, his son-in-law, Mr. Evans, tl,ooo, his son jC500, and another member of the family, jC250, making in all from one family no less than X2,750.-Standartl. On Thursday, Sept. 3nth, a new chapel was opened in the beautiful village of Kingswinford, under the auspices of the Congregational Union of Staffordshire, when sermons were preached by the Rev. W. Reeve, of Oswestry, and the Rev. J. Dawson, of Dudley. On the following Sunday, the opening services were continued, and the Rev. J. Hammond, of Haiidswortli, Rev. J. Richards, of Stour- bridge, and the Rev. J. Hill, of Gornal, preached on the occasion. Double the mouey was collected that had been expected; but, though only one month has elapsed since the cknpel was opened, its windows have been twice broken amidst the shout ot "The church for ever." On Thursday, Oct. 28, the Rev. W. P. Lynn, B.H., late missionary to Benares, was designated to the pastoral oversight of the church and congregation assembling in Albany chapel, Frederick.street, Regent's-park. The Rev. Drs. Vaughan, Liefchild, Morison, and Matheson, and the Rev. Messrs. Blackburn, Robinson, Ainsley, Woodwark, Dohson, Seaborn, and J. Lyon, took part in the solemn services of the occasion. The Duke of Sutherland presided at a highly influential meeting for the extension of church accommodation in the diocese of the Bishop of Lichfield, at Shrewsbury, on Thursday last. The noble duke was zealously supported hy the Bishop of Lichfirld and the following friends of the church :-The Earl of Bradford, S r Rowland Hill, Bart., M.P., Hon. R. H. Clive, M.P., Hon. T. Kenyon, and a very numerous meeting of the clergy and gentry of the county of Salop. The Duke of Sutherland gave the sum of £ 2,000, and the Bishop of Lichfidd was the donor of the sum of JEOOO in aid of the Cuud. The opening services of the new baptist chapel, Long Sutton, were held Oil Wednesday the 27th, and Sunday the 31st ult., when sermons were preached by the Rev. Messrs. J. J. Davies, of Tottenham, J. T. Wigner, of Lynn, J. Ste- venson, M.A., of London, and T. Yates, of Fleet. The congregations were excellent, and on some of the occasions densely crowded,

f TIIE CENSUS. Tne increase of the population, as compared with t'ie rettii-iiso, iS:,I, is at the rate ot 11-5 percent, for England; 1:; per cent, for Wales; for Scotland, 11-1; for the islands in the British Seas, l!)-(i; making the increase for the whole of Great Britain 11 per cent., being less than the ten years ending 1831, which was 15 per cent. In 1811 the increase during the previous ten years in England was 1-14 per cent.; in Wales, 13 per cent.; and in Scotland 14 per cent. In 1821 the increase was, for England was 17a per cent., for Wales, 17 per cent.; and for Scotland, 16 per cent. In 1331 the increase, for England, 16 per cent.; for Wales, 12 per cent.; for Scotland, 13 per cent.; and for the islands in the British Seas, lo-S per cent. The number of houses in England is, inhabited, 2,758,2(15, uninhabited, 162,7'3(J; building, 25,882. The number in Wales, inhabited, 188,196: uninhabited, 10,133; building, lj(if). In Scotland, inhabited, 503,357; uninhabited, 2*,307 building, 2,760. In the islands of the British Seas, 19,159 inhabited; 865 uninhabited; and 220 building. Grand totals for the whole ofG-reat Britian, 3,46t,007 inhabited, 108,061 uninhabited, 30,631 building; altogether 3,682,69!) houses. In 1831 the number of inhabited houses was uninhabited, 133,331; building, 27,553; total 3,027,-1-79 houses. Although the summary returns of the census show that the population of the empire has not inc eased in the same proportion during the last ten years as in the ten years preceding, still the simple, fact, that in such a country as this we have a continually and rapidly in- creasing population, is sufficient to create anxious solici- tude. In 1-0 years the inhabitants of England have nearly doubled; and this portion of Great Britain, which, but so recently as 1801, contained only 8,331,4-31 individuals now musters 11,995,508; or taking in Wales, 15,906,829, say sixteen millions. The entire population of Great Britain (excluding Ireland for the present), which, in 1801, was 10,472,01-8, is now 18,66t,761. As might natually be expected, it is in the great seats of our native industry that the largest proportion of increase is manifested. The coal pit and the copper- mine, the steam-engine and the power-loom, bring around them a population increasing with extraordinary rapidity; while the richest agricultural districtg, aided by the extra- ordinary demands of a teeming manufacturing popula- tion, and having the all but exclusive possession of an extraordinary market, advance with tardier steps. Thus, during the last 10 years, while Buckinghamshire has only advanced at the rate of 6-J per cent. on its popula- tion, Cornwall has increased at the rate of 13-3, (the Principality, it will be seen, has progressed in nearly the same ratio); while wheat-growing Essex, with its prox- imity to the vast market of the metropolis, has advanced at the rate of S-ü, iron-making Monmouthshire has increased at the rate of 36-9; and while Norfolk, Devon, Dorset, and Berks advance at the rate of 5-7, 7-8, 9-7, atill 10-2, Derby, Cheshire, Stafford, and Durham have increased at the rates of 14-7, 18-1, 24-2, and 27-2 per cent. The county of Lancaster has now a population over matching that of the three rtdings of Yorkshire. Lan- cashire contains 1,130,240 acres, and the three ridings of Yorkshire 3,735,010 acres; yet the population of Lan- cashire is now 1,667,064, while the total amount of the three ridings is 1,591,584. The increase of Lancashire during the last ten years has been at the rate of 24-7 per cent., wt ile its rival, Lanarkshire, has increased at the rate of 34'8. From henceforth, the question will press with tenfold power on every ministry that ventures to rule this country- What is to be done with the population ? We hope the rent-and-mortgage" majority of the House of Commons will mark, learn, and inwardly digest" the returns of the census of 1841. But, we fear they are fatuous. We fear they are about to play the part of true destructives, to plough their way through human suffering, to the ruin of the vital interests of the empire. j — Chronicle.

The DLIIL of* Wellington has given directions for re- furnishing the principal apartments at Strathfieldsaye; and it is said that the Queen ami Prince Albert will visit him in the spring. DEATH OF THE MARQUIS OF LOTHIAN.—We have to announce the death of the Marquis of Lot;iian, which took place at the seat of the Dowager Lady Suffield on Sunday. S. y Hungarian Hoyal Academy seem? anxious to have Shakspeare's plays translated into Hungarian, as well as those of the greatest German, Spanish, and French authors, tor the purpose of being represented on the national stage. Gn Friday, the Venerabl e the Archdeacon Hutchins, while in the act of dressing suddenly fell to the gtound, and almost instantly expired.-Hobart Town paper. THE ACADIA.- SR,[ZURE OF LETTERS.—The British and North American Royal mail steamer the Acadia, Captain Ryrie, sailed on Friday for Halifax and Boston. She carried out a fair number of passengers. The Post- oflice authorities having reason to suspect, from them assof letters put into the Post-offices of Halifax and them a:;sof  d Bost.n, but particularly into the office of the latter, after the mail- bags had been received, that they must have been so put in by passengers arrived at these ports by the mail steamers/a rigid search was made, prior to the Acadia starting, for contraband letters. The result was, the finding and sei- zure of about sixty letters besides a bag containing letters in possession of a passenger, which were taken to the i Post-office. Proceedings will, it is thought, be instituted by the Post-office against the senders and carriers of the contraband letters, for the penalties thereby incurred.— Liverpool Albion. To PKLVENT A DECAYED TOOTH FROM ACHING.— A very small piece of gum mastic (to be had at the chemist's), softened in hot water, should be pressed into the hollow of the tooth before it hardens again. If too large a piece is put in, it will not remain. The piece may be held in the mouth till soft and then bitten into the tooth. At the Debtors' Court at Norwich last week, J. W. Foyster, a carrier from Soathwold, attributed his in- solvency to the penny postage, which he said took 1001. a-year off the van whkh woud have amounted to4000 parcels yearly. IMPORTANT TO TOLLGATE KEEPERS.—John Alston' keeper of the N etherlield tollgate, Westmoreland, ap- peared before the magistrates at the Town-hall, Kendal, on Friday, to answer a charge laid by the Post-office in- spector tor detaining the mail on the 5th of October last at the tollbar. Mr. Pearson, of Kirkby Lonsdale, ap- peared on behalf of Alston, and Mr. Dunn on behalf of the Post-office. The case was gone into at considerable length, and, after a patient consideration of several ap- parently conflicting acts of parliament, Alston was con- victed of the charge and ordered to pay a tine, mitigated, on account of the slight nature of the offence, to one farthing, together with costs. MELANCHOLY CATASTROPHE.—At Bevercotes, near Retford, resides a cottager of the name of Mark Whitting- ton, who has had a large family, and amongst the rest an idiot girl. Sunday morning, Mrs. Whittington left the house to serve the pig. when, melancholy to relate, by some means, the clulrl's clothes caught tire, and, oil the mother's return, she found her enveloped in flames. Her first thought was to go into the parlour for a blanket to wrap the child in, in order to subdue the flames, but on her way thither, the child, who was about fifteen years of age, suddenly seized and clung to her, and held her so firm that she could not disentangle herself. The child held her hold until she fell a blackened and li eless corpse. Previous to this, the mother's clothes had caught tire, and she was considerably burnt before she got the mastery of the flames. Death, however, had not done his worst. Terror seized the unfortunate parent, which, coupled with the injuries she had received, had such an effect upon her nervous sensibilities, that, at ten o'clock, the same even- ing, she breathed her last. An inquest was held on the bodies of the unfortunate sufferers on Monday last, when, after hearing the evidence, the jury returned a verdict, in both cases, of Accidentally burnt to death -I;oncaste)- Gazette. PREVENTION OF RUST.-Tlip prevention of rust on such articles of furniture as are ma le of polished steel is an object of great importance in domestic economy. The cutlers in Sheffield-, whep they have given knife or razor blades the requisite degree of polish, rub them with powdered quicklime, in order to prevent them from tar- nishing and it is said that articles made of polished steel are dipped in lime water by the manufacturer before they are sent into the retail market. SHOE PEGS.—A paper recently established at Mere- dith, N. H., called the Belknap County Gazette, de- scribes a manufactory of shoe pegs in that place as follows We tound it in full operation, and were gratified to see its wonderful simplicity, and astonishing rapidity with which wood is converted into pegs. The logs of birch wood, from six to twelve or fifteen inches in diameter, are taken into the mill and cut on by a circular saw, for the length of the peg for which they are intended The blocks then go througil a planting process, by which they are made perfectly smooth—they are then jreaseh or marked oti tor the size of the peg to corresjwnd witd its length the blocks then go through with the splitting operation, by which they are converted iiitopegs of any desirable size; the pegs then undergo a drying process, in summer by the sun, in winter or wet weatiier by the use of a furnact-tliey are then put into a revolving cylinder, where they are turned over and over for the purpose of polishing, and finally come out into a trough like a miller's meal-trougirtfor half a bushel to three or four bushels each, and being marked and numbered are ready for the market. These pegs are a source of revenue to our community, drawing a profit from our forests of which we had no conception until we witnessed the operation. It is not uncommon to see Messer's big teams loaded with pegs from the Meredith Bridge manu facto The manufactory. The price of these pegs varies according to their size and quality, averaging, perhaps, a little more than two dollars to the bu&hcL THE ARMS OF WALES.-It is generally considered that the principality of Wales has no arms, an opinion founded doubtless, on Wales hav.ng no college of arms, and, consequently, possessing no heraldry like either Eng- land, Scotland, or Ireland. On reference, however, to the best authorities, it will be found that the ensign of Cadwallader, the last King of the Britons, was a red dragon. Henry the Seventh wore it as a. dexter supported to his arms. He likewis aduptd, as the badge of Wales, a dragon passant, wings elevated, gules upon a mount vert. It is from the choice of the red dragon this monarch created the Pursuivant of Arms, Rouge Dragon. An- other authority asserts that the ancient armorial bearings of the Principality are, quarterly gules, and in each quar- ter a lion passant, guardant countercharged. It is stated in Berry's Enclycolopaedia Heraldicn," that the follow- ing badge also appertains to Wales, viz, Upon a mount vert a dragon passant, wings elevated gules. It is evident that armorial hearings were known to the Cym. y, or na- tives of Wales at a very early period, winch is proved from the office of Arwddvardel, or lic ruld bard, which ex- isted under the Druidical institution. Originally this officer performed the part of a herahi at arms by bearing a flag of truce between contending armies, on which oc- casion he generally wore a white dress to denote the sacredness or purity of his character. In after ages his duties were to pourtray arms, to draw out pedigrees, and to r.gister all family occurrences ot importance. Hence the accuracy with which the Welsh genealogies and other domestic records have been preserved fiom the earliest times, It is aho certain that court armour was common in Wales many centuries ago. The founders of the tive royal tribes of North Wales had their peculiar armorial bearings, and some of these personages lived as early as the ninth century. It is, however, pretty evident that there never were arms peculiar to North Wales as a na- tion: The English Princes of Wales have adopted the Bohemian Feathers, which were styled the Prince of Wates's Feathers." Mlts. Bi.AKKsi.KY. — On Saturday evening, at five o'clock, the inquest on S.,ir:ili aged 25, the widow of the wretched convict, Hobert Blakesley, (who suffered the extreme penality of .the law at the Old Bailey, for the murder of James Bunion), was held at the Blue Anchor, St. Mary-at-llill. After viewing the body, which was much attenuated, Eliza Burdon, widow of the murdered man, was examined. Her evidence was chiefly confined to a detail of the circumstances which occurred on the night of the murder. She said that deceased was not aware, before death, of her husband's execution. She knew of his having been convicted, but was ignorant whether he would suffer; but she expressed a wish that the last sentence of the law should be carried into effect upon him. Witness did not think that her husband's awful situation preyed upon deceased's mind. Mr. English, surgeon, said he attended the deceased at the time of the murder; she had received a deep wound on the right side of the abdomen, which had perforated the bladder and gall. I have attended the deceased since the shocking affair; she suffered much from the wound and died on Thursday. I made a post mortem exami- nation of the body, and found that the whole of the bow- els were in an ulcerated state; the liver and bladder were also greatly diseased. By the Coroner—Such appear- ances were unquestionably the result of the wound the deceased received from her husband; which was the cause ef death. There being no further evidence, the Coroner made some observations respecting the lamentable tra- gedy, after which the jury returned a verdict of" Wilful murder against Robert Blakesley (deceased)." The ver- dict of Wilful Murder," which was returned by the Co- roner's Jury, on Saturday, against Robert Blakesley, is the first case of the kind on record where the murderer has been executed. It is usual on all occasions where a verdict of wilful murder, or manslaughter is given, to return a parchment inquisition, which was done in this instance, and it will be returned to the proper authorities by the City Coroner, in like manner as if the party charged was alive, for the purpose of being placed on the Record. SHEEP STEALING.—We are sorry to say. that in several counties in England, this crime continues to extend itself. BREACH OF PROMISE OF "I A RII I A ER.-Al)re-,icliofpro- mise of marriage action, mentioned in the Globe a few even- ings since, as having been brought by a lady, aged 18, against a gentleman of advanced years, and in op-dent cir- cumstances, and in which the damages are laid at £ 5,000, is made speciit, and stands for hearing in the Queen's Bench, 7th December. The brief runs to 2,000 folios, and the case excites great interest. HALF A DOZEN DISQUALIFICATIONS FOR WHIST.—1. Chattering about the game intolerable, if loud and con- stant. 2. Going over the last deal again, the its I and the its you had, and the ifs he hadn't being the burden of the song; perfect torture. 3. Being eager, amoving every body by throwing down cards violently, and adapting the action to every momentary feeling, with occasional inter- jections, and thus, moreover, exposing your own and part- ner's hanas. 4. Beingble to play but moderately, con- stantly attempting finesse and a deep game, and looking wondrous wise, like a-monkey at draughts or backgam- mon condescending at times to testify your approval of your partner's play. 5. Abusing your partner if he play badly, or you fancy so, or not the card you wanted, there- by giving pain or affront, sometimes past endurance,— ending often in some abominable, and if to a woman, un- manly insult. 6. Losing your temper because you have not won, and making yourself very ridiculous and dis- agreeable. Any three of which ought to establish a sim- ple and unanimous vote of disqualification.

AT a PUBLIC MEETING of the Inhabitants of the L Borough of Carmarthen, convened by the Worship- ful the Mayor, in compliance with the request of a number of Requisitionists, held in the Town- Hall, on Monday, the 22nd inst., for the purpose of agreeing upon Congratulatory Addresses to her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen, and his Royal Highness Field Marshal Prince Albert, upon her Majesty's safety, and the auspicious event by which it has pleased the Almighty to give a male Heir to the Throne of these Realms :— Upon the motion of James Evans, Esq., seconded by Mr. William Evans, the Mayor took the chair. It was then resolved unanimously, on the motion of David Morris, Esq., M.P., seconded by James Evans, Esq., that the following Address be presented to her Most Gracious Majesty;— To the Queen's most excellent Majesty, May it please your Majesty, We, the Inhabitants of Carmarthen, in Public Meeting assembled, beg leave most respectfully to express to your Majesty our heartfelt congratulations on the birth of a Prince, the Heir Apparent to the Throne, and we anxi- ously pray for our Majesty's speedy restoration to health and strength. We are grateful to Almighty God for the protection afforded to your Majesty in the hour of siilfci-itig and we implore a continuance of the divine blessing on your Majesty's Reign, which we hope may he long, for your own glory, and for the welfare and advantage of the na- tion. We assure your Majesty, that we-most cordially parti- cipate in the joy so generally occasioned by this auspici- ous event, feeling it to be so conducive to your Majesty's own domestic happiness, so interesting to the Principality, and so important to the best interests of the country, affording as it does a security for the perpetuity of the mild «-1d benignant sway ot your Majesty's illustricjs House. We fervently pray that the It oval Infant may be bless- ed with health and length of days, and that when he shall ascend the Throne of these Realms, he may, by imitating your Majesty's bright example, be sustained by the loy- alty and attachment of an affectionate people. Resolved ununimously,-Upon tke motion of D. Morris, Esq., M.P., seconded by Daniel Prytherch, Esq., that the following Address be presented to His Royal High-: ness Prince Albert:— To His Iloyal Highness Field Marshall Prince Albert, of Saæc Cobourg and Golka. We, the Inhabitants of Carmarthen, in public meeting assembled, avail ourselves of this opportunity of offering to your Royal Highness our sincere congratulation on the birth of a Prince, the heir apparent to the Throne, and we earnestly hope that this joyful event, so congenial to the wishes and so essential to the welfare of the country, may prove an additional source of happiness to your Royal Highness. We trust the Almighty will continue his merciful pro- tection to Her Majesty and your Royal Highness, and that your illustrious Son may emulate those virtues which have endeared Her Majesty to her faithful subjects. Resolved tinaiiimously,-Ul)oti the motion of Daniel Prytherch, Esq., seconded by James Evans, Esq., that the thanks of the Meeting are due to the Mayor for his readiness in calling the same, and for his conduct in the chair.

I TO CORRESPONDENTS. W ant of room must be our apology to all. ABERYSTWITH.—" F. F.'s" was not pre-paid. IRREGULARITY.—ERRATA.—Tbe numerous complaints that we constantly receive of papers not having reached our subscribers cannot but be a source of much and most sincere regret. We send off our papers punctually per post, and are utterly un- able to account for the irregularity complained of. We would ungrudgingly go to any expense in punishing the party or parties keeping back the papers, and beg every subscriber to assist us so far as giving us information whenever a paper does not duly reach its destination. The erratii noticed, more or less disfigure most papers they are a minor evil, but to that the printer will and must, apply a cor- rective.

THE ABUSES OF THE STATfi-PAID CHURCH. The Church of England, in her present form, has existed since the days of Edward the Sixth and Elizabeth; and though claiming to be esta blished by law, and possessing vast national en- dowments, she is in truth but one of the great sects into which professing Christians are divided. Well had it been for the community, well had it been for the cause of true religion, and well had it been for her own stability, and her hold on the affections of the-people, if a tolerant spirit, a supreme regard for the temporal and spiritual interests of the community, purity of discipline and purity of conduct liad ever characterised those who have borne rule in her, and those who have officiated as her teachers. But candour compels us to say that intolerance, an inordinate love of Mammon, a disregard of the best interests of those whom she terms her flock, a worldly spirit, great laxity of discipline, aad a love for inter- meddling in secular affairs have, during nearly the whole period of her history, sadly marred her beauty, impaired her usefulness, and led to much heart-burning and contention both in a civil and religious sense. It is not our purpose on the present occasion to discuss the point whether the New Testament warrants an endowment for any sect to be paid by the State for the support of its teachers but we hold this to be an axiom, or self-evident truth, that no corporation or body of men enjoying special privileges, and large revenues over which tbey have an unchecked control, can long remain uncorrupted. Man, under all circumstances, is essentially the same and the clergy of the Church of England, in manifesting the traits of character above specified, have merely exhibited a spirit which the temptations by which they have been, and are surrounded, were pre-eminently cal- culated to engender and cherish. The immense incomes which they possess arc guaranteed to them by legal enactments; and, though the state possesses the power of modifying their application and distribution, yet ihc members who compose that State have too tyreal an interest in upholding existing abuses ever to think seriously of laving the axe to the root of the tree from which they derive their vitality and the hierarchy bodly challenge the right of the Legislature to appropriate to any purpose not ecclesiastical a single penny of the property which they derive from the nation. Now the mode in which that property is distri- buted is so grossly and bare-facedly bad—so ini- quitous, and so ill calculated to promote the ends for which it was primarily bestowed, that it really passes belief that either ecclesiastic or layman could offer an apology either for its continuance, or for its ever having existed. Another grievous abuse of the Church is the mode in which her priesthood are chosen. To say nothing of the bishops, who are the mere creatures of the State as regards their appointment, and whose incomes and rank would alone be sufficient to induce cor- ruption both in those who select and in those who are selected, the qualifications and accomplish- ments which generally recommend the aspirants to the ministry cannot be defended on scriptural grounds. A knowledge of Greek, Latin, and Mathematics, and a general acquaintance with ethics and physics, may indeed be useful auxi- liaries to one whose duty it will be to study and expound the Scriptures, but he who peruses the writings of the Apostles, especially the epistles to Timothy and Titus, and the 20th chap. of the book of Acts, will see that, while these acquirements arc not once spoken o it is strictly enjoined that those who take upon them to teach religion to others shall first of all be religious themselves, that they arc not to entangle themselves with secular matters, arc not to strive, not to be greedy of fltliy lucre, are to be examples to the flock, and apt to teach. If the sixteen thousand men who compose the priesthood of the Church had all been tested by these qualifications, how mfc-iiy of them had now been wearing gowns and surplices ? Let the thinking portion of the community answer. Ano- ther glaring abuse, and one which the enlighten- ment of the present age camses to be peculiarly felt, is the incapacity of the people to choose their own pastors. That a single individual, however unprincipled, and however xmfit to judge of the suitableness of a candidate for what the clergy not inaptly term a living, should have it in his power to nominate the individual who is to take the spiritual oversight of some hundreds-it may be thousands—of immortal beings, is not merely a thing essentially unjust, nor is it morely a thing grossly immoral, it is a monstrous anomaly in the economy of human affairs, an outrage on human nature. Nay is not open sale of what are called advowsons or presentations to livings an every-day thing ? thus showing that our truly "Apostolical Church" sanctions, nay traffics in the merchandise of souls. Well may it be asked- how it comes that the people bear with such a state of things and the best answer that can be given, perhaps, is, that the bulk of mankind ex- hibit an indifference to spiritual concerns which, if shown in secular matters, would be viewed as indicative of imbecility. We shall resume the subject in our next.

CONGRATULATION AND DISTRESS. THE MIDDLE CLASSES AND THE WOHK-I ING MASSES. Every day furnishes evidence of the dissatis- faction that exists between the two lower classes. The masses look with suspicion on the middle classes, and not rmfrequently frustrate their ob- jects. This movement of the masses is pretty general throughout the kingdom. Is an anti-corn law meeting convened by the middle-classes, the class in society that stands below in immediate succession, declare that they, the productive classes, will be heard first-that before an economical alteration be made, or a fiscal reform be effected, a governmental one shall be given, that the suffrage shall be yielded to them, and all the other objccts contemplated by the Charter, ungrudgingly granted to them. That there is something unsound in our social relations is evident. The middle-classes must evince a larger sympathy with the wants and wishes of the masses, or the masses who now only mar the former's proceedings will eventually make them succumb in a shape involving anarchy and annihilation. Class-interests are the curse of this country, and the only effectual method by which it can be removed from the kingdom whose strength it sapst, and of whose happiness, -as well as prosperity, it is at present slowly, but surely working, the destruction, is to be found in doing Justice to all, extending the ft-ancliise to all, and making taxation and representation go hand in hand. By the Constitution of England, the peo- ple, it is well known, claim this Right—a theoretical Constitutional Right., of which they are defrauded. The middle-classes have quite as much to learn as the lower ones, and so long as the jarring elements of which these two classes are composed remain discordant, danger may be apprehended. We all know that to be strong, we must be united, yet like spoiled and self-willed children, we are eternally thwarting each other. The immediate occasion of our having made these observations, is the op- position that was offered by the masses last week at Norwich, and at Birmingham, and the counter movement last Friday, at Newport, where a pub- lic meeting was called to address the Queen on the birth of her son. On the Address to her Ma- jesty (as we learn from the Merlin) being moved, Mr. Cronin read as an amendment an address, setting forth the universal and terrible distress which afflicts the country, and calling upon her Majesty to take measures to relieve it, con- cluding with a prayer to remit the sentences of Frost, Williams, and Jones, and all other poli- tical prisoners. (The reading of the address, which was seconded by Mr. Wells, was frequently inter- rupted by cheers, and was also loudly cheered at its conclusion :)- Mr. Wm. Edwards then rose and said, that cruel distress prevailed throughout this country, from John O'Groat's house to the Land's End. Mr. Edwards then proceeded to describe the prevailing distress which had ground the working classes to the dust, which was now reducing the middle classes to beggary, and which within four years from this time would bring down the aristocracy. (Loud cheers.) The present he considered a most favourable opportunity for bringing their distress before her Majesty, and he would suggest that three or four gentlemen should be selected to endeavour to combine the two addresses in one, so that they should be adopted unanimously. All are ready to congratulate the Queen on the birth of her child; all are ready to express their satisfaction at her safety. Mr. Edwards then alluded to the addresses which had been presented by the city of London on the occasion of the birth of George III. and also of George IV., and ridiculed the absurdity of expressing satisfaction and joy at the birth of a child without knowing whether it would be a blessing or a curse to them. (Loud cheers.) Her present Majesty has good intentions; if the people sutler, it is not her fault. She is the best sovereign England has seen since the reign of Edward I. She sits on a throne which is founded on a bad system, and the people can never know peace or happiness till that system is wholly reformed. (Cheers.) Mr. Edwards then alluded to the paragraph in the address moved by Mr. Cronin relative to Frost, Williams, and Jones, and urged on the meeting to seek for the remission of their sentences, or if not those of all three, at least that of Frost; and petitions for the pardon of WiHin'ns and Jones would be sent from other ocalities. Mr. Edwards concluded by saying, in allusion to the Queen, that he prayed God to bless her as long as she lived, and when she died he hoped that monarchial government would be at an end in England. (Loud cheers.) Some gentlemen who were sitting round the table here rose and left the room, saying that every loyal man should now depart. Mr Cronin enne forward and said, that he would not abate one iota of his amendment. Mr. L. Edwards promised thai, ns M (yor, he would call a meeting. Much time was occupied with further conver- sation between the parties, but without effect; at lengih the chairman, after communicating with some of the re- quisitionists around him, dissolved the meeting. J n allmling to this, and other interruptions to public meetings, origir^.ting in a similar spirit, we do not sanction such a course. We but ad- duce the discordancy as evidence of a had state of feeling between classes whose interests are iden- tical, and between whom perfect agreement in all public measures ought to subsist.

FOREIGN SUMMARY. The Tory party in Paris exult in what tlieycall the triumph of M. (Juizot, who, according to their showing, has succeeded in obtaining Prince Mctternich's approba- tion of his plan for infusing what he calls moderation into the councils of Spain, as also for marrying one of the sons of Don Carlos with Queen Isabella. In other words—if the report be correct and loath should we be to believe it so—the Sir R. Peel of the French Cabinet has managed to convert Espartero and his Ministry into good Tories. In our humble opinion the story carries its own contradiction on its front. Queen Christina and her Myrmidons succeeded in getting a Cortes returned, a majority of which were Mcderados, that is Tories; and by attempting to govern in ac- cordance with the principles which these men held, she soon made Spain too hot for her. True civilization- that civilization which is the offspring of a universal diffusion of knowledge, and of a taste for the arts and sciences -is no doubt at a low ebb in that country; but still she has outgrown Toryism and verily she has had enough of it. No nation on the globe has been more thoroughly cursed by all that is bad in king-craft and priest-craft: anj it may be safely affirmed, that the most repulsive features of these crafts constitute the soul and essence of unmitigated Toryism. Espartero, for augl t that we know, may be a Tory at heart; but we believe him to be too shrewd a man to attempt (after the lessons he has had) to govern Spain, as she now is, on Tory prin- ciples. Let him, however, make the essay, and we ven- ture to assure him that his high place will not be worth six months' purchase to him. Of the rest of Europe l' 1 au inai Dears tie stamp of novelty may be summed up in a few words. France may be said to be at peace with herself, which is saying a great deal. Louis Philippe, ever alive to any thing in the neighbouring states that looks like a moucement, has been again trying his hand at a concentration of troops on the frontiers of Spain and Belgium; but it appers that the courts of London and Vienna, have successfully remonstrated against any armed demonstration on the line of the Pyrenees. The Dutch are unequestionably the strewdest and most prudent people on the face of the earth. They love wealth, and they take care to cultivate peace with all the world, and to frame the most judicious commercial laws in order to attain it. The entente which for a fortnight or so disturbed the repose of Belgium is already almost forgotten, and she is again calmly pur- suing her astonishing career of national improvement Prttssia is putting forth all her strength in augmenting and developing her resources. Many of her people look forward with anxiety to the day when they shall be able to elect those who have the right of taxing them but in the meantime they Jive under a Government which is strictly paternal—a Government which patronises edu- cation to anextent that might well put one nearer home to the blash. Discontent appears to pervade the public mind in Naples to a degree which the authorities arc desirous to conceal as much as possible. There a tyran- nical government, a profligate court, a licentious nobility, and a debased, an ignorant, and an unprincipled priest- hood, have at last fairly tired out the patience of a people 4ong proverbial for apathy and indifference. It remains to be seen how much longer the presence of Austrian bayonets will be able to coerce them into obedience to "rulers whom they detest, and to institutions and laws which are an outrage on humanity.

THEORY AND PRACTICE. In our last number we promised to supply a few more notes on prison discipline. A London contemporary, however, having performed the task for us. the farther illustration of the vast difference between the Theory of English law, and its actual administration in our jails, will be found in our fourth or last page, under the head of "a Peep into our Prisons." In the same page also will be found some powerful pleading for COMPLETE SUFFRAGE. The argu- ments adduced are conclusive, and cannot fail to arrest the attention of every reader capable of understanding them.

WfiEKIY RETROSPECT. [FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.] LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, 7 O'CLOCK. Great distress amongst the labouring classes through- out the length and breadth of Great Britaiii,-Fome sym- pathy with-much suffering,-little "business doing," and loads of congratulatory addresses to our young and lovely Queen, make the main ttems in my present hebdomadal, commflnication. It may be satisfactory to the curious in court gossip to learn that though (as the starving poor, and the distressed traders too know well,) the restriction on the consumption of corn continues, there is no limit whatever to the consumption of caudle in the palace and we are, moreover, most agreeably reminded by the Court-Circular-sort of papers, that the Royal Caudle smacks of old ale and French brandy." The Duke of Cornwall is a fine boy, and I trust, may prove in afler life, a good Prince, God bless the Royal in- fant and her Majesty his mother! Those who have not wherewith to clothe their own naked babes, will learn, as loyal subjects ought to do, with the liveliest feelings of satisfaction, that when the Duke of Cornwall is shown to the visitors privileged to behold his Royal Highness, he is dressed en grande teme, with a purpla robe and ermine, and a lace cap with a rosette. This is all very innocent and proper. But I do hope that her Majesty will be advised to direct Parliamentary attention to the ill-clad and worse.fed population of this corn-law ridden country. There is some talk about an attempt to impose on the public by one of those bits of mystification which the Tories have so often found useful for throwing dust in the eyes of their dupes. The hocus-pocus plan proposed by the Herald, is the granting a drawback of 5s. or 6s. on the exportation of domestic wheat or flour." This draw- back," says the Herald of expedients and dishonest shifts, would practically be a relief in foreign markets to the excess of taxation imposed on British over continental agriculture." The Globe in its expose of the fraudulent purpose put forward, justly says that "what is intended (called by its right name) is to compensate the landed interest, out of the taxes, for the effect of all the miscalculations which attend monopoly." "The term" drawback" is a decep- tive one. A drawback may be allowed on reexporting corn which has paid duty but what is the meaning of a drawback of 5s. or 6s. on corn which has paid none? It is an attempted retrogression to the bounties system of the last century-a system exploded by Adam Smith, and every subsequent standard authority—even including Mr. M'Culloch himself in his notes on that author. We, in England, have a way of cutting short all com- mon sense on the subject, by observing, with a sort of complacency, that ours is "a highly artificial system." There can be no doubt of it; and as little doubt that sound policy knows no such artifices; and that the highly artificial system on which we may be almost said to plume ourselves, is as remote as could be desired from the views of all scientific economists. While some of the organs of the party at present in power are for renewing the system of giving bounties to send food out of the country, others are for giving boun- ties to send the people out of the country too. Emigra- tion accordingly we find profounded apparently almost from authority, as the only remedy a Corn-law govern- ment are prepared to offer for our present distresses. Emigration en masse as a refuge from artificial scarcity, and impoverishment! There never was held forth a more transparent delusion." Emigration and a repeal of the Corn-laws are measures whose combined and simul- taneous operation might eflect much good; hut emigration dlone never can meet the fearful exigencies of the times. Trade of every description languishes, and the number of operatives out of employment increases daily. The pressure for money, and the high rate of interest de- manded for advances, do much to enhance the difficulties with which so many have at present to struggle.

I LAILTEST IEW8. I LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, Nov. 210. TIIF. BRrvT-.T.-Variou-, proirotions in the army and navy have taken place in honour of the birth of the Prince, which are announced in a supplementary Gazette. published this evening. The Q'KJ3II and the infant Prince continue in perfect health. The last two or three bulletins respecting the Queen Dowager have not been so favourable. The symptoms of disease continue unabated, and she appears to be getting gradually weaker. BRAINTREL ell t: RCI! IlATE.-Mr. Bllrdcr has refused to p;,y the rate; and the c;e will now be proceeded with in the Ecclesiastical Court to.ascertain its validity. COKN MARKET.—Tiie supply this morning is very liini'ed, and very little business is doing. Prices are nominally the same as on Monday, but less money would he accepted. FAILURE.—The letters received in town this morning mention the failure of a Kendal Bank, which has hitherto been considered very wealthy. The firm had extensive transactions in Manchester also; and it is to be feared that it may tend to cause some embarrassment there. FUNDS.—English securities are quiet; the opening rates were- ollsois for Money, 88i to 89, and for the Account, 89: New ;3.j per Cents. 9Hk to 99; Exchequ. r Bills 9s. to I I s. There is no additional foreign news.