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NOTES ON NEWS.I
NOTES ON NEWS. I From a speech by Lord Robert Cecil it I would appear that an offer of a truce from CORPUS CKRISTI DAY. air raids on corpus Christi day was made to the Germans. They dis- regarded it, however" and the "truce" was all on our side. At the request of the Pope we refrained from dropping bombs on Cologne on that day because of a great religious procession composed* largely of women and children, while the enemy bombarded Paris with the long-range gun and hit a church, killing and maiming a number of worshippers, and also raided the French capital by aeroplanes which, for all we know, may have been liberated from Cologne. From the point of view of "getting on with the wr" the Germans seem to have scored, and they most likely regard the British action as a piece of sentimental weakness. All the same, whatever we may have lest in a military sense must have been, a yery small matter, and the incident has proved to the world that the deliberate killing of women and children is not part of ú I: r way of making war. The whole of the German record, as well as their refusal to respond to our gesture in this case, shows precisely the contrary, and though our unfortunate ex- perience on Corpus Christi day will pro- bably lead to any future request of tho kind being refused, we have nothing to re- proach ourselves with, and the world will certain ly not think the worse of us for what Ave did. Some months ago, when the position of the country with regard to food supplies HOME-GROWN FOOD. was such as to cause aijxiety arid disquietude, Mr. Prothero, the Minister for Agricul- ture, said that we were in the position of a beleaguered city. The figure was correct up to a point, though there was never any possibility that we should be cut off alto- gether from supplies from the outer world. Still, it did look as though we might have to submit to hardship and privation. Since then the position has vastly improved. Supplies have been coming in continuously and in much greater volume than we could have anticipated even in our most san- guine moments. The submarine menace is in a fair way to being defeated, and our shipbuilding, wo may now hope, is making progress. All Germany's efforts have failed, and will continue to fail, not merely to starve ns, but even to inflict upon us very serious privation. We. have every reason to congratulate ourselves on these things, but we may regard with par- ticular satisfaction the wonderfully im- proved position with regard to our home- grown supplies of food. The war has brought about a truly marvellous revival of agriculture. Before the war our pro- duction of breadstuffs only sufficed to feed the country for ten weeks: whereas this year, if all goes well, the harvest will pro- duce enough to last us for forty weeks. That is much more satisfactory than we could have d.-red to hope, and encourages the belief that within a measureableperiod Great Britain may be able to grow staple food-stuffs sufficient to feed all her people. There have been rumours that the new register of electors will not be ready by THE NEW RKGISXEII. -L the appointed day. There is, it appears, a good deal of apathy on the part of the public, who uo nou appear to ne so eager to secure their right to vote as it was thought they would be. The forms that were sent out by tht million months ago were returnable in seven days, but of those that were re- turned a large proportion were incorrectly filled up, and many have not been sent in at all. The adA-isability of a house to' house canvass in order to get the forms in was suggested but, so far as we know, not acted upon. It may yet have to be re- sorted to in order to secure a register any- thing like complete. It is said that in some cases difficulties are being caused by party agents who, finding it hard to get out of their old practices, are raising objections to the placing of political oppo- nents on the register just as they used to do before the war., In other days party agents were not above straining points here and there to put their own men on and their opponents' men out. But this cannot be tolerated now that the elec- torate is to be increased by eight to ten millions of men and women. All who have the right to vote should be able to get their names on the list without difficulty. The war has converted many who were formerly opposed to the raising of the THE EDUCATION BILL. standard of elementary education. Though it is not yet on the Statute I Book, and there may yet be further obstacles to I its arriving there, Mr. Filter's Education ii.s -ri, i vii-ig t l ic-. -c, Mr. E d ?icpt i c ri Bill has already surmounted some which have hitherto proved insurmountable. The House of Commons has agreed to the Ilbolition of the half-timers, and all chil- dren will in future (if the Bill is passed) have to remain at school for full-time teaching until the age of fourteen, with a possible extension to fifteen if the local authority so decides. Next in import- ance, and, according to some authorities, of even, greater importance, is the recogni- tion of the necessity of continuation schools, attendance at which Avill be com- Siulsory up to the ago of eighteen. To have agreed to the amendment that at- tendance, at those schools should be volun- tary would have been to leave the matter very much Avhere it is at present, as only a small proportion of pupils would have availed themselves of the opportunity, while the vast majority Avould have pro- ceeded to forget as fast as they could all they had learned at the elementary schools, as they h;ivo done hitherto. The continuation schools, efficiently adminis- tered, hold great possibilities, and should prove a highly remunerative national in- vestment. The introduction of ration books for ration cards will Ix; welcomed, as being THE RATION BOOKS. much more convenient, while the books will be also more durable and perhaps less easily lost or mislaid. There is the I drawback, however, that if the book is lost or accidentally thrown into the fire, then all is lost.. The ration book must be carefully guarded, for it will be of more value than many first editions. The change will be made on July 13. and it will be found that several additions have been made to the articles already rationed. The books will contain the cards for fresh meat and bacon, fats, and sugar. There will also be cards for lard, supplies of which are ;.i present irregular, owing to unequal distribution, and tea, the ration- ing of which will he preceded by registra- tion, now in progress. The rationing of butter and margarine will also then be general all over the country.
! MOTHER AND HOME. I-
MOTHER AND HOME. I Only when we cease to be active do we become old. Nothing so hastens old age as does a decreasing activity. After middle age most women imagine that they are slowly losing strength so they diminish their exer- tions, and consequently eat. less. Now, the effect of this is to diminish appetite and thus hinder the repair of the body. The result is that the woman becomes less in- clined to exertion, and her energies begin to rust. Never think you are getting weak, and do not eat less became you imagine you require less. It is true that as the years advance you will not be able to work as well as you once did, and you Avill require rather less food. But keep active, for nothing keeps old age at a distance like activity. HINTS FOR NURSES. Never make the mistake of letting a baby's head hang downward while dressing it, or of laying it across your knee on its stomach. Do not stint growing children in the matter of fat. Let them cat plenty of this most nourishing of food. Always re- member that the right way to dress a baby is to put its clothes on by way of its feet rather than over its head. Never make a baby's clothes more than twenty-two inclie; long, on account of the Aveight. I CARE OF PILLOW CASES. Pillow cases will last much longer if you undo the seam at the bottom, and before sewing together again fold the case so that the scam formerly at the side now goes down the middle. In this way the whole of the case gets equal wear. I NOSE BLICEDING. Nose bleeding is a trouble usually brought on by a slight blow, exertion, sneezing, or blowing the nose. If the bleeding is slight and not recurrent it does not require treat- ment, But if frequent or profuse, apply cold water or ice to the forehead and nose, or a piece of ice may be put into the nostril affected. The sufferer should sit quiet and raise the arms well above the head for a minute or two. A cold key may be put doAvn the back, or it may be sponged with cold water. The bleeding may sometimes be stopped by pressing' together the .♦oft parts of the nose with the finger and thumb. In caso these methods fail the interior of the no?e may be syringed with iced water or a piece of lint may be soaked in a solution of I ride of iron and inserted, in the nostril. Should these measures fail it will be well to get medical advice. MASTICATING FOOD. The habit of thoroughly masticating food with the back teeth is, one that makes for health, and is a foundation habit for the prevention of dyspepsia, because during this mastication the food becomes mixed with the "digestive juices secreted in the mouth, and thus the process of digestion is begun before the food is swallowed. [ OPPENSIVB BREATH. Offensive breath may result from failure to clean the teeth and mouth properly every day, from decayed teeth, excessive consump- tion of alcohol, sore throat, diseases of the nose, scurvy, fever, constipation, indigestion, etc. Treatment will depend on the nature of the complaint. For sore throat, gargle with dilute permanganate of potash; for the stomach take charcoal biscuits; for indiges- tion, constipation, etc., the particular com- plaints must be treated; where alcohol is the cause, it must be given up. The follow- ¡ ing mouth wash will be cleansing and bene- fic I Boracic acid, 15 grains; tincture of myrrh, 15 drops; compound tincture of lavender, 15 drops, rectified spirit, 10 drops water to an ounce. Rinse the moutli with a portion of this mixed with warm water two or three times a day. A. STOMACH TONIC. A glass of pure cold water taken a short time before meals acts as a real stomach tonic, soothing that morbid craving which impels to excess in eating. CLEANING PAINT. To preserve the gloss of varnished or enamelled paint it should first be well rubbed with a woollen cloth wrung out of very hot water and paraffin, the last added in the proportion of one tablespoonful to a quart of water. Next the paint should be wiped over with clear water and one of the cheap, elephant-eared sponges, and finally rubbed well with a damp leather. A little vinegar is often mixed with the water used for the leather. "White "flat" paint is usually rubbed lightly with a soft paste made of whiting and water, which is washed off with warm water softened with ammonia, finally drying with a soft cloth. I HIKTS FOB STOUT WOMEN. Stout women should not drink with their meals. Sip a glass of hot water half an hour after each meal. Do not take intoxi- cants, stout, or cocoa. Coffee, tea or lemon squash will do no harm. The juice of a lemon and an orange in a glass of hot water taken fasting every morning is a sure way of reducing weight. WHEN IROKING CURTAINS. Curtains of fine net or muslin always hang better when provided with a hem to blip over rod or pole. This, however, renders it advisable to have them washed at home, since the hem, even though it may be starched with the rest of the curtain, should never be ironed. A glove-finger on the end of the rod will safeguard the curtain from its sharp edge. But even so, inserting rods in a close-fitting hem is not always an easy matter, though with care it may be done with less fear of injury to the fabric than if the hem were ironed dry. Moreover, if put up whilst in a slightly damp condition, em tains almost invariably hang better. MAKING BUTTONS. Buttons for any dress or blouse can be made as f OIIOAVS Cut a round of material, any size you like, run a gathering thread round the edge, after first turning it neatlv; then take a piece of wadding, put it inside the round, draw up the gathering thread, and finish off neatiy. If carefully done, they look quite as nice as anything one can try. FOR RED HANDS. If the hands are red it is a good plan to soak them in sweet almond oil every night ?at b<?dtime. After pouring the oil into a. bowl immerse the hands for several minutes, finally wiping them gently with a soft towel. Draw on a pair of loose, white gloves for the night. Try this for a week. When you bathe your hands during the day use warm wat,er, substituting oa r n-, eal for soap. Careful and thorough drying is a decided factor in preserving the beauty of the hands. As a rule people pay far too little attention to this important part of their toilet. CLEANING POLISHED FURNITURE. French-polished furniture may be cleaned with a soft iiannel and some soap and water, wipe dry, and polish with a clean leather. Leraon-juice will take out ink-spots from tables or furniture which is not French polished. To clean the latter, wash it with a little soap and water, and polish with boiled linseed oil. It should be laid on sparingly; the polish will be gained only by labour, but it will well repay exertion. Vinegar is sometimes used instead of water.
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Pruning Flowering Shrubs.—As these pass out of ifoAver, some pruning and thinning ia desirable. This entails cutting out the spent floAvering wood, with the idea of encou- raging vigorous young shoots. The Jew's Mallow (Kerria japonica fl. pl.), Spiraea prunifolia fl. pi., Prunus tribola fl. pi., and the early-nowering Ceanothue, ought to be dealt with thus. # ■ ■ Wal.flo-,vers.-Ol all spring flowers many place the delicious fragrant wallfloAver first. In addition to their value in the garden they are popular floAvers to cut for table decora. tion. Readers who have only a roof garden should grow wallfloAvers in tubs and vases. Sow the seeds now in shallow boxes or on a border outside. Blocd Red, Cloth of Gold, Fa-erio Queen, and Fire King are useful sorta for a small garden. Useless Rose Shoots.—The developme-nt of a number of weak growths robs the rose trees of energy which could be better applied. It frequently happens that growths of a very soft nature spring from near the base and are almost invariably flowerless. To allow them to grow freely is unwise; it ia far better to pinch out their points. Again we have t'uckers pushing forth from the stems of standards, or from the roots of both these and dwarfs. They ought, of course, to be destroyed. It is essential in rose culture that no useless growth be per- mitted to divert the energy of the tree from the production of blossoms. Standard Fuchsia.—In order to obtain these, the strongest of the young plants should be taken and secured to an upright stick. The growing point must not be in- jured in any way, and any side snoots should be picked off. By this'treatment the required height will soon be obtained, and when this is the case the top can be pinched out so as to form a branching head. From the pendulous nature of their blossoms fuchsias are seen to considerable advantage when grown as standards. « Arum Lilies.—By some cultivators these are planted out during the summer, and by other's they are grown altogether In pots. Planting out may be done now, taking care that the ground is well dug and manured, and arrangements made for water- ing in dry weather. If kept in pots they may now be placed out of doors and given less water. Thev will soon go dormant, and should then be kept dry till about the end of July, when they must be shaken clear of the old soil and repotted. Thinning Raspberry Shoots.—Many more shoots are usually produued than are re- quired for the production of next season's crop. On no account should they be per- mitted to develop unthhraed. As. soon^j«a they are sufficiently large to discern which are the strongest and best, pull up all others. This thinning out will benefit those selected by admitting light and air, and the latter will form good stems. Leave from four to six fresh shoots to each clump. Anv of those pulled up,, if possessed of a fair quantity of roots could be utilised to make a fresh plantation. Give a good mulch to each aide of the rows if not already done. Plume.-Old plum trees on Avails will bene- fit if the growths receive some attention. Plums always bear best from moderately strong two-year shoots, and young growths might well be laid in each year where there is room. There must be no crowding, but room can be carefully made by the removal of old wood. Spray with quassia extract or other wash should aphis appear. Trees which become infested with this pest cannot he ex- pected to produce either flowers or fruit, be- cause they cannot make proper growth. The Week's Work.—China asters are one of the most popular annuals. They may flower a week or ten days later than if raised under glass. Attend to the thinning and transplanting, choosing, if fjoasible, a I showery day, failing which give the trans- planted seedlings water. It is safe now to plant dahlias out in the. open borders. The roots started in a greenhouse or frame may ) be carefully divided. Pieces with one vigor- (JIlS shoot each are ample, though several growths can be left when quantities of flowers a.re the object rather than show i blooms. Fruit trees in pots will now require' constant attention. Give ample supplies of water daily. Liquid manure given once a week will prove of benefit, provided it is not pro, l d e d it is not applied too strong. It is to be feared cur- rants have suffered to some extent from frost. Give every encouragement to those bushes carrying good crops. Mulching with rich manure will be of great benefit, but failing this a dressing of sulphate of am- I monia may be given. The manure should be applied at the rate of an ounce to the square yard. In dry weather it should be watered in. If seed of peas sown three weeks ago has germinated well, thin out the seedlings to 2in. apart; many of the failures noticeable from May sowings are the result of over-crowding. Brussel sprout plants from which early "buttons" are expected must be well supplied with water, and if the sprouts are to be quite firm, allow each plant a. space of 30iu. If celery plants are crowded in boxes and permanent quarters not yet ready, prick out the celery into good soil not less than Gin apart. Keep well watered, later on they may be lifted without check. Where the early sown stump-rooted varieties of carrots are too thick in the rows do not delay thin- nine: until the plants get large, but do it while they are small. Give a good watering immediately afterwards. < < Cabbage Lettuce.—This type will be more likely to give satisfaction to readers having ic light soil to deal with than the popular tall-growing Cos varieties. If the seed can be sown where the crop is to mature it will bo an advantage. Maincrop Onions.—Dust the bed fre- quently with old soot or wood-ashes. When using the hoe, keep well clear of the plants; if the soil is constantly loose it offers an excellent refuge to the onion-fly, which is not slow to take advantage of it.
1THINGS THOUGHTFUL. I
1 THINGS THOUGHTFUL. I I LOVE OF TRUTH. I I The man who JoA-es with his whole heart I truth will love still more he who suffers for Itruth.-Lavat er. I LIFE'S NECESSITIES. I I Life is not so complex if we do not persist in making it so. We need faith we need to be brave; we need chronically to keep the corners of the mouth turned up, and not down. And, after all, it is only a step at a time.-Ralph Waido Trine. I DO YOUR BEST. I It is better to try and to fail of success than never to try at all. It is not modesty, but cowardice, that refuses to attempt a?v L..d work b-seau?c the outcome cannot be positively a?eured. We are not blameless I until we have done our best. I TREE-FELLING. I The poplars are felled; farewell to the shade, And the Avliispering sound of the cool colon- nade The winds play no longer and sing in the leaves, Nor Ouse gn his bosom their image receives. Twelve years have elapsed since I first took a view ()f my favourite field, and the bank where they grew And now in the grass behold they are laid, And the tree is my seat that once lent me a shade! The blackbird lias fied to another retreat, Where the hazels afford him a screen from the heat, And the scene where his melody charmed me before 0 Resounds with his sweet-flowing ditty no more. 'Tis a sight to engage me, if anything can, To muse on the perishing pleasures of man; Though his life be a dream, his enjoyments, I see, Have a being less durable even than he. -W. Cowper. » ———————————- I OVER-COME EVIL. I If we wish to overcome evil at all, we must overcome it with good-, there is no other way. Even in our own hearts, the easiest way to cast out wrong and unkind thoughts is not by trying to argue them Sown, but by so crowding them out with generous purposes and pleasant memories that there is no room for them. I 5 LIFE A DISCIPLINE. I Sooner or later we find out that life is pot a holiday, but a discipline. Earlier or later we all discover that the world is not a playground. It is quite clear God means it for a school. The moment we forget that the puzzle of life begins.—Henry Drum- inond. I > MORTAL v. IMMORTAL. I The great emergency in which we strain With all our force, our passion, and our pain, Is no mere transient fight with hostile kings But mortal war against imviortal things— Danger and Death themselves, whose end shall be When there is no more Avind and no mere sea. —Anon. II A GREAT IDEAL. "I I A great ideal is the most practical and forceful thing in the world. It alone can save us. It alone can form a true society. Ve have seen what the ideal of patriotism can do for a nation. We want to make this spirit permanent, and as potent in peace as it has been in war.—Yen. Dean Inge. I v THE FUTURE. I The future contains your uncut block of Parian marble. Beware how you smite it. Do not touch it until you have a plan, an idea, to "work out of it. Do not strike it without a model. You may so mar the i marble as to hinder the highest expression of your soul through it. I GROWTH. I Our life is .like the life of a tree, which i3 always full of immediate apparent failure, which is always dropping back after each rich summer to the same bareness that, it had last winter, which keeps no leaves or fruit, and stands again and again stripped of every sign of life that it has put forth, and yet which still has gathered, as we see when we watch it with a la.rger eye, all those apparent failures into the success of one long, continuous growth; has not lost the strength of those old summers, but gathered them into its own enlarged girth and sturdier strength.—Phillips Brooks. I IF IT IS RIGHT. I "If it is right there is no other way Brave words to speak, and braver still to live; A flag to guide the battle of each day, A -notto that will peace and courig-c give. "If it is right there is no other way Wise Avoids, that clear the tangles from the brain; Pleasure may whisper, doubt may urgo delay, • And self may argue, but it speaks in rain. "If it is right there is no other way !w This is the voice of God, the call of truth; Happy the man who hears it to obey, And follows onward, upward, from his youth. f OUR DUTIES. I We forget that there may be many duties, but that among them all there is a first and a last, and that we must not fulfil the iist. before fulfilling the first, just as one must not harrow without ploughing.—Tolitoy. I COURAGE. I More and more we come to see that cour- age is a positive thing. It is not simply the absence of fear. To be brave is not merely not to be afraid. Courage is that compact- ness and clear coherence cf all a man's faculties and powers which make his man- hood a single operative unit in the world.- Phillips Brooks. I RICHES. I Riches do not consist in having more gold and silver, but in having more in proportion than our neighbours, whereby we are enabled to secure to ourselves a greater plenty of the conveniences of life than comes within their reach.—Locke. I RECREATION. -1 I Men cannot labour on always. They must have intervals of relaxation. They cannot sleep through these intervals. What are they to do? Why, if they do not work or sleep they must have recreation. And if they have not recreation from healthful sources, they will be very likely to take it from the poisoned fountains of intemper- ance. Or, if they have pleasures, which, though innocent, are forbidden by the maxims of public morality, their very plea- sures are liable to become poiboned fountains.—Orville Dewey.
VISCOUNTY FOR LORD RHONDDA:…
VISCOUNTY FOR LORD RHONDDA: THREE NEW BARONS. Among the names in the Birthday Honours List, published on Monday, are two new Viscounts. They are Lord Rhondda, the Food Controller, and Lord St. Davids, Lord- Lieutenant of Pembroke. There are three now barons, fourteen baronetcies, and forty- four knighthoods. NEW BARONS. Sir Matthew Arthur, Bart., services to Glasgow and Ayrshire; Sir William James Tatem, Bart., Cardiff shipoAvner, racehorse OAATier, and philanthropist; and Mr. G. D. Faber, M.P. for Clapham, long public eer- vices. PRIVY COUNCILLORS. William Adamson, M.P., Chairman, Par- liamentary Labour Party Sir William Bull, M.P.; Earl of Dononghmore, li.P.; Sir Edward Alfred Goulding, Bart., M.P.; Sir -M P James Ian Archibald Williamson, James Ian Macpherson, Under-Secretary of State for War; John Robert Clynes, Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry cf Food. BARONETS. Sir G. W. Baxter; Major F. B. Beau- champ; Colonel E. A. Brot-herton; Mr. John George Butcher, K.C., M.P. Mr Guy Cal- throp; Sir Edwin Cornwall, M.P., Mr. R. L. Harmsworth, M.P; Mr. R. McAlpine, J.P.; Mr. W. J. P. aeon, J.P.: Sir Herbert James Franois Parsons; Sir Charles Petrie: Colonel E. Pryce-Jones, M.P.; Mr. lJobert Thomas; Lieut.-Colonel Rhys Williams, D.S.O., K.C. NEW KNIGHTS. Mr. Frank Baines; Mr. Harry Baldwin, M.R.C.S.; Mr. James Benjamin Ball; Mr. C. H.' Burge, J.P.; Mr. Alfred Butt Mr. Thomas Octavius Callender; Colonel Charles Chalmers, J.P., D.L.; Mr. J. C. L. Coward, K.C.; Mr. A. D. Dawnay; Mr. Harry Sey- mour Foster, J.P., D.L.; Mr. W. E. Foster; Mr John Meadows Frost, J.P.; Mr. W. M. Gibson; Mr. Park Goff: Major A. G. Gold; Mr. James Hacking; Mr. J. G. Harbottle, Mr. Harry Thomas Hatt. Mr. A. E. Jeans; Mr. T. Lee-Roberts, Mr. John Merry Le Sage; Mr. T. W. Lewis; Mr. R. B. D. Muir; Mr. Peter Peacock; Mr. George Peters, J.P.; Mr. J. Reid: Mr. Mayo Robson; Mr. Gerald Walter Roffey; Mr. Edgar Christian Sanders; Mr. E. Shentnll: Mr. Peter W. Squire; Right Hon. W. A. F. Todd; Mr. H. Warren, J.P.; Mr. Ernest Edward Wild, K.C.; Mr. Percy Woodhouse, J.P.; Mr. Logie Pirie Watson; Mr. D. D. Ross. GENERALS KNIGHTED. A number' of generals are knighted for services in France. The K.C.B.s include:— Major-General C. J. Mackenzie, Maior- Gen-ora l  S. &?n<-ra! A. B. &ott, Mnjor?G<-n?ra! H. S. Jeudwine, Major-General R. J. Pinney. The K.C.M.G.s include:— Surgeon-General M. W. O'Keefe, Hon, | Major-General C. A. Bray, Major-General A. I V. Stuart, Colonel Sir W. B. Leishman, M.-B. Major-General (T./Lieut.-General) the Hon. Sir H. A. Laurence, K.C.B., Haig's Chief of Staff in France, is promoted Lieut.- General. AIRMEN'S DECORATIONS. The Royal- Air Force is to have its own decorations. The Distinguished Flying Cross I will be awarded to officers and warrant officers, and the Distinguished Flying Medal to N.C.O.s and men for acts of gallantry when flying in active operations against the enemy. The Air Force. Cross w i 'll be awtr d c d to 11 Avill be awarded to officers and warrant officers and the Air Force Medal to N.C.O.s and men for acts of courage or devotion to duty when flying, although not in active operations against the enemy. Twenty-one Air Force Crosses include: Major-General Brancker, Major (temp. Colonel) the Hon. W. F. Forbes-Sempill (Master of Sempill), and Brigadier-General R. M. Groves, D.S.O.
,OFFICER SHOT WHILE EATHING.…
OFFICER SHOT WHILE EATHING. I An inquest was held on Saturday on the body of Second-Lieutenant Francis John Prince, Queen's (Westminster) Rifles, who Avas killed whilst bathing in a prohibited area in East Kent. It was stated that the deceased and two other officers were swimming some sixty yards from targets set up for aeroplane practice. A machine passed over them and opened fire. The other two officers dived under tho water, but deceased was shot through the head. The observer in the aeroplane said he had taken the three men for targets. A verdict of death from misadventure was returned.
SUNK SHIPS AT ZEEBRUGGE. I…
SUNK SHIPS AT ZEEBRUGGE. Admiralty, June 1. Photograph reconnaissance of Zeebrngge shows clearly a submarine or other vessel lying' on her bilge close to the Mole. This vessel was probably sunk by torpedo from tho North Star on the night of April 23. The reconnaissance shows also a destroyer with her deck nearly awash at low water about 300 yards from the Mole. This is presumably the destroyer sunk by bomb from an aeroplane on May 20. It"
GAVE LIFE FOR CHILD. 1
GAVE LIFE FOR CHILD. 1 A young Belgian, who was punting with his wife, six-year-old daughter, and two friends at Thames Ditton on Saturday, met with a tragic fate. The punting pole "broke, and the rocking of the boat threw the child into the water. Although he could not swim, the father jumped into the water and succeeded in holding his daughter up until soille people passing took her. He then sank, and was drowned.
ADVANCE IN PALESTINE.:
ADVANCE IN PALESTINE. War Office. Palestine Official.-During the night of May 28 our troops in the coastal area ad- vanced their line to a uaxinium depth of Ij- miles on a Front of 5-J miles to the south and south-west of Tabsor, capturing two Turkish posts and repulsing several counter- attacks with considerable lose to the enemy. —♦
MESOPOTAMIA WITHDRAWAL
MESOPOTAMIA WITHDRAWAL War Office. Mesopotamia Official.-In the Kirkuk area our mounted troops which drove the Turks over the Lesser Zab have been with- drawn. The Turks made no effort to intet. fere with the movement.
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Mr. John McNeill has been reappointed to the chair at Early and Medistal Ilih H2«-' tory in th? Univcr&ity College., '?MfbHn. T?e chair has been vacant <iurrng+,-pt'rlOd of. his imprisonment for coun?ef)fn \\ith t?? Irish rising. Co-operative piggeries have been started on what used to be the Guards' polo ground it Wimbledon.
BRITISH AIRMEN BOMB STATION…
BRITISH AIRMEN BOMB STATION AND WORKSHOPS, I ZEEBRUGGE VISITED. On Saturday night the following report on aviation from tir D. Haig was issued: On May 31 our aeroplanes ziid balloon again carried out much succc-ssiul work. a g ain carr; During the in oi- ii ILI ciir bombing-machines crossed the iiiiine, aiiu, in spite of strong opposition trom eneniy aircraft, dropped over a ton of bombs on the station and workshops at Karlsruhe. One of the machines engaged in this raid failed to return. Another gfioup of our aeroplanes cropped a ton of bombs on the. railway triangle at Metz-Sablon with goo-a eiiecl and without loss. A further thirty-one tons of bombs were dropped by us in the course of the day 41a different targets behind the cveniy s line. Twenty German machines were cestroycu in air lighting, and six were diiA-en down out of control. One other hostile machine; was shot doAvn by anti-aircraft fire. One of our machines is missing. During the following night sixteen tclin of bombs wc,-c dropped by us, including sin tons on Bruges docks and en the Zeebrugge- Bruges Canal. In addition, four tons of bombs were dropped on the railway junc- tions and stations at Metz-Sablons, thaus; and Thionville. All our nijjnt bombing machines returned safely. One German night bombing aeroplane was brought down in flames behind our lines. Sunday night's British aviatwa report eaid:— On June 1 fine weather enabled our aero- planes and balloons to carry out much ob- servation work. In air fighting twenty-one German ma-\ chines were destroyed and four other hostile maehines driven down out of control. Four of the enemy's observation helicons were also destroyed by our airmen. Fcur of our machines are missing. In the course of the day we dropped twenty tons of bombs, successful attacks being made on ZeebruggtN Mole, the rail- ways at Armentieres, Rosieres, Busigny, and Flers, and on other targets. • In addition the railways at Karthaus and Metz-Sa,blons were heavily attacked by our long-distance bombing aeroplanes. One of these machines failed to return. The night of June 1-2 was misty, but five tons of bombs were dropped by us on tar- gets in the Somme valley without the loss of any of our machines.
IGYPSY MARRIAGE CUSTOMS.
I GYPSY MARRIAGE CUSTOMS. Mr. ■ T. W. Thompson, who for three and a half years has been studying the gypsies of En-l&n d all  of England and Waies, in the course of a paper before the Folk-Lore Socicty at Uni- vers?y College on "The Ceremonial Cus- toms of the British Gypsies," -a'd a curious taboo of uncleanliness arose from manv obscure causes. One man would not take drinking water from a stream because some of his family had washed in it six years be- fore. Inbreeding had been very prevalent among gygsies, for there was no limit to marriage among relat i ves except in the direct line. Polygamy was occasionally met with at the present day, but n'1d been more common in the past. In regard to marriage customs, the period of courtship was short. and early marriages were usual, but the parents were loth to part with their daugh- ters, who often had to run away with the young men of their elioie?. of the traditional marriage rites were extinct, but that of jumping over a broomstick survived. A branch of flowering broom, or one with dry pod., was used, and, if not to be ob- tained, a besom did instead. Rites varied with localities and families, but among the- most general was the breaking of earthen vessels. Unfaithfulness had been punished by death, expulsion, or cutting off the nose and ears, the traditions of these penalties still remaining in England. Funeral cus- toms generally involved the destruction of everyt-hmg that had belonged to the de- parted. Up to the last century it w&s stiil customary to bury the de.d uncoffined in ditches or remote places, wearing the lest cir.thes they had possessed. A Avoroan Avas hnried at Miteham a few monthe ago fully dressed and wearing a massive silver belt. A silver tea service and articles of jewellery that had belonged to another had be-n thrown into the Mersey. The reason fü, such destruction of property was not sn much fear of contamination PS fear of the ghost.
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Local authorities in the West of Ireland are using their employees to cut turf for fuel in view of the coal shortage. The Hon. Sir W. H. Irvine, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria, is the new Lieutenant-Governor of the btate and its dependencies. For supplying two police omens with ? meat breakfast without requiring coupon-, Mrs. Burnham, of Golder's-green, was fined 20s. at Hendon. I
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