The Carmarthen Journal and South Wales Weekly Advertiser

ROYAL PRICES FOR ROYAL PRAYER BOOKS The sale of the second portion of the Earl of Crawford's library brought some extremely high prices. The highest price of all, £ 370, was paid by Quaritch for a Liturgy, a" glorious" copy —to use Lord Crawford's term-of the Missale Mixtum et Breviarium Secundum Regulam Beati Isidori Dictum Mozarabes (Cura Alfonsi Ortiz), cum Calendario," in 2 vols., a very fine folio copy, in old red morocco, printed at Toledo in 1500-2. This work is excessively rare, only fifty copies having been printed. The same buyer gave 2155 for another Liturgy, a fine folio of the excessively rare Booke of the Common Prayer and Administracion of the Sacramentes and other Rites and Ceremonies of the Churche after the Use of the Churche of England," in black letters, being the first edition of Edward VI.'s Prayer-Book, with the rare order for the price, printed by E. Whitchurche in 1549. Other large sums were paid as follows :—An edition of Queen Elizabeth's Booke of Common Prayer,' of which Lord Crawford says that it is "in the splendid original binding, as fresh as can be," and bought from the sale of the ancient library of Sir Thomas Smythe, Secretary of State to Queen Elizabeth," 9140 (Quaritch); the only known copy, with title-page wanting, of Frymer in Englishe with the Catechism set forth in the 1st year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth," in which are found Prayers for the Dead! printed in London, 1558-59, E120 (Gibbs) the extra- ordinarily rare Liturgy, Hore Beatissime I Virginis Marie ad Legitimu Eboracensis Ecclesie Ritum," 1517—a volume of Which only one other copy has been recorded-EI05 (Quaritch) and still another Liturgy, "Boko of Common Prayer and administracion of the Sacra- ments in the Church of England and other Rites and Ceremonies in the Churche of England," in black letters, being the second Book of Edward V I., a fine folio copy in blue morocco, with gilt edges, and extremely rare, printed by E. Whytchurche, 1552, E100 (Ellis). The total sum realized yesterday was E2,946 18s.

PROSPECTS OF A GOOD HARVEST. From information which has come into the hands of the Agricultural Department of the Privy Council, but which has not yet been pub- lished, it seems clear that the farmers are likely to have a really splendid year. In many counties the hay harvest is already practically over, a magnificent breadth having been secured while the corn crops are making rapid and sturdy growth. Even the root crops, which are often not good in a favourable wheat year, have been 11 provided for by the abundant rainfall of the early spring. Unless something very extra- ordinary happens the farmers ought to do well j this year. I

RE-OPENING OF PENBOYR PARISH CHURCH. After undergoing a complete restoration, which was very much needed, and which had been in contemplation for several years, the above church was re-opened for divine worship on Thursday last. The first service in connection with it was held at St. Barnabas on Wednesday evening, when the vicars of Llandebie and Felinvoel preached. Services were held at Penboyr parish church on Thursday at 10 a.m., 2.30 p.m., and 6 p.m., when powerful and appropriate sermons were by delivered by the following clergy :—The Vicars of Llanfihangel-geneu'r-Glyn, St. Dog- mell's, Felinvoel, and Clydey. The services throughout were most hearty, and an anthem, "The Heavens are Telling" (Haydn), was well rendered at the morning service. The Venite, Psalms, and Te Deum were from the new Festival Book of the Archdeaconry of Car- digan. Miss Kate Evans, Pentre, presided in her usual able manner at the harmonium. The attendance at the afternoon and evening services was so large that they were conducted in the open air. Luncheon and tea were provided at Maesllan Farm, and under canvas in front of it; for the clergy and their friends and for all who attended the services, far and near, at the cost of the late rector and church people in the parish. The Cost of the restoration was over £ 700, and of this sum there only remains to be collected about 280. The parishioners, both Churchmen and Dissenters, subscribed most handsomely towards the restoration fund, especially when it is con- sidered that they are all tenant farmers, small tradespeople, weavers, aud other ordinary work- men. The fact that the Dissenters subscribed so freely and well proves that if they were let alone by political agitators and disestablishers they would show no ill-will and enmity towards the church of their forefathers. The architect was Mr Jenkins, of Gorslas, and the builders, Messrs D. Davies, of Llandyssul, and Daniel Davies, of Dowlais. A most pleasing ceremony was per- formed between the afternoon and evening ser- vices on Thursday. The late rector, the Rev. J. Lloyd, M.A., was presented with a valuable gold watch and chain by the parishioners and a few friends on his leaving Penboyr for St. Peter's, Carmarthen, as a token of affection and high esteem of the excellent work he has done in the parish during his residence in it of a little over four years. The presentation was made by Miss Elliott, of Dolhaiddfach, who had kindly undertaken the duty of collecting subscriptions. Addresses were delivered complimentary to Mr and Mrs Lloyd by most of the clergy present. The Rev. W. Powell, R.D., Newcastle-Emlyn, spoke of Mr Lloyd's resolute and courageous spirit in undertaking the important and responsi- ble work of restoring the old parish church, and the tact and ability which he had showed in carrying it out to a successful issue. Mr Lloyd, he said, had not only been successful in building the church materially, but had also succeeded in building the church spiritually. Under his ministry the number of communicants had con- siderably increased, and the Sunday school had made rapid and good progress. The Sunday school at the mother church was especially indebted to him for his constant and careful nursing. Three cheers were given to Mrs Lloyd, who had been most indefatigable in her efforts to swell the church restoration fund, and had taken the leading part in connection with the bazaars for the benefit of the same. A new altar cloth and collecting bags worked chiefly by her own hands were presented by Mrs Lloyd to the newly restored church. The success of the whole undertaking in connection with the restoration is largely due to the assistance rendered to the rector by the two churchwardens, Mr Davies (Peurallt) and Mr Williams (Dyffryn Mills), and others.

MR. BALFOUR AGAIN EXPOSES SEPARATIST MISREPRESENTATIONS. Mr E. Waddington, of Barnsley, has re- ceived the following letters from the Right Hon. A. J. Balfour, M.P., and asks us to ex- plain that the cutting alluded to by Mr Balfour was handed up to him at a public meeting as proving the extreme brutality of the Government:— 19-6 89. Dear Sir,—In reply to your letter of the 18th, addressed to Mr Balfour, I beg to enclose a copy of a reply written at his direction to another correspondent upon the same subject.-Yours faithfully, Mr E. Waddington. GEORGE WYMJHAM. Irish Office, S.W., 19th June, 1889. Dear Sir,— Mr Balfour has desired me to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 7th instant, enclosing an extract from the Neiccastlc Chronicle. The account there given of the prosecution of Thomas Clancy," under the heading A Child sent to Prison," contains two mis-statements of fact, and omits an important factor in the case, the neglect of which precludes the formation of a just opinion upon it. The writer alleges (1) that Clancy was but 12 years old he was 15 and (2) that he was sent to prison under the Coercion Act," whereas he was, as a matter of fact, required to give securities for his good behaviour, under the ordinary law, and only committed to prison on refusing to comply with the lenient decision of the Court. The writer omits to state that the place (Miltown Malbay) at which this case occurred has been notorious for the existence of boycotting conspiracies, and that Mrs Moroney,' the owner of the cattle, who has there been boy- cotted now for some years, can only be protected against her persecutors by the strict enforcement of the law. The boy, quite old enough to be aware that he was breaking the law, was no doubt used as an instrument by persons too cowardly to act openly themselves, and who probably thought that political capital could be made out of his im- prisonment, which, it should be recollected, would not have taken place had he been per- mitted by his advisers to give the bail which was readily offered on his behalf.—Yours faithfully (signed), GEOUGE WYNDHAM.

At Sheffield on Monday Elizabeth Shiel was re- manded on the charge of causing the death of her husband's nephew, a child of five, who lived with them at Attercliffe. Medical evidence was given which showed that the unfortunate child was covered with bruises and wounds almost from head to foot, and that there was one recent wound on the head an inch long and down to the bone. At the Central Criminal Court on Monday Mr H. William Bund, managing director of a limited company called Bund, Son, and Hutchings, surrendered to take his trial for unlawfully obtaining timber of the value of 24,000 by false pretences. The prosecutors were Messrs. Brins- mead, pianoforte makers, who alleged that defendant fraudulently obtained timber from them by representing that his firm were completing a large order for the War Ottice. Defendant was now discharged upon entering into a surety to appear for judgment when called upon. LACTINA" for calves prevents scour, needs no I boiling, and costs one-halt the price of milk. It is easily digested, and highly relished by the young animal. Apply Lactina & Co., Suffolk House, Canon-street, London, E.C. I No MORE DEAF.-Nicholson's Patented Artificial Ear Drums cure Deafness and Noises in the Head in all stiges. 132 page Illustrated Book, with full description, free.—Address J. H. Nicholson, 21, Bedford Square, London, W.C. Amateurs who have an old frame to spare in the summer and autumn months may grow watercress very easily, and make sure that they have it per- fectly clean. We have always pursued the follow- ing method, and always succeeded. Get some horse droppings or old mushroom bed, and upon a north border or a in shady corner lay down four inches, then cover with two inches of light soil. Old soil from the potting bench will do first rate. Now get a bunch or two of watercress, and dibble the pieces in six inches apart all over the frame or frames. Give a good watering with a rose and shut up close, and keep closed for a day or two, and shaded. As soon as the cress begins to grow tilt the light two inches at the back, and leave it so night and day. Each morning give a thorough soak with clear spring water. The glass over the cress, as we recommend, will hold the water in sus- pension amongst the cress, and those who grow it this way will never care for it grown otherwise.— Horticultural Times.

THE TRAGEDY AT A LONDON MUSIC HALL. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MURDERER. PAINFUL AND PATHETIC PARTICULARS. A murder and attempted suicide, attended by circumstances of a somewhat romantic and extra- ordinary character, was perpetrated in Lambeth at a late hour on Friday night. Tho Canterbury Theatre of Varieties in Westminster Bridge-road was the scene of this tragedy, which resulted in the untimely death of George Letine, a well known and popular music-hall artiste, and injury of a more or less precarious nature to Mr Nathaniel Curragh, the manager of the Crayford Water Works, Kent. The Letine troupe, comprising Mr and Mrs Letine, their daughter—a child—and three other young women, had been performing at the Paragon Music-hall, Mile-end, and were timed to perform at the Canterbury at 11.15. When the carriage conveying the troupe stopped at the stage door the female members alighted and entered the theatre, leaving Mr Letine in the carriage. Immediately he set foot on the pavement a man advanced from the side of the stage door, and with the remark I have been waiting for you a long time and now I have got you," he thrust a knife into the acrobat's abdomen. The precision with which the murderer carried out his intention completely overawed the bystanders, and when Letine fell to the ground with a groan the people stood aghast. ATTEMPTED SUICIDE OF THE MURDERER. The murderer, without apparently experiencing any opposition, walked across the street, and opening his mouth placed a revolver between his teeth and fired. When the report of the dis- charge resounded in the air, the effect was mar- vellous. Policemen, tradesmen, and others hurried to the spot, and the cause and effect were soon apparent. Being lifted into the carriage was the insensible brdy of Letine, while on the opposite side of the thoroughfare the police were raising the unconscious assassin. Even the employes failed to recognize Letine, but it was not long before his identity was discovered. AT THE HOSPITAL. On being admitted to the accident ward, it was at once apparent that Letine's life was only a matter of minutes The clothes of the un- fortunate man were cut from him and revealed his professional attire tights and spangled costume which were profusely stained with blood. This costume was also cut away. When the tights were removed the whole of the entrails were 0 displayed protruding through a wound about two inches in extent, just above the right groin. He, however, lived for half an hour after his admission, when he expired. Curragh, in the meanwhile, had also been medically examined. The bullet, it was dis- covered, was embedded in the roof of the mouth, but the condition of the man would not permit of it being then extracted, therefore the operation was postponed until the following day. As it was thought there was not immediate danger in his case, Curragh was conveyed to one of the wards and placed under arrest. THE MOTIVE. Regarding the motive for the crime, there is no room for doubting the fact that the crime was premeditated and the plans carefully worked out. As previously stated, Mr Curraifh holds a good position in Crayford, and has a wife —the second—and three daughters and a son. He has buried a daughter by his first wife, and it is to be feared that this poor girl's death, which resulted from consumption, is mainly responsible for her father's present predicament. It would appear that Mr George Letine, whose correct name is George Thomas Govin, his age being thirty-six years, originally employed Mr Curragh's deceased daughter as one of the troupe —" The Wondrous Letine Troupe "-of which he is leader. She, however, parted company with the troupe, it being alleged for incompetency, and shortly afterwards died. Several actions at law, it is understood, resulted from her alleged dismissal, but in each of these Mr Letine was the victor. What with the death of his daughter and his defeat at law it would seem that he resolved to have revenge at the cost of his life. .On the clothes of Curragh being searched among .On the clothes of Curragh being searched among other things found were a clasp knife, with a blade about six inches long, well greased, his will, and a statement of his contemplated action. In the will, we are informed, he bequeaths his property to his present wife. The statement re- ferred to his grievance against Letine. He accused Letine, it is said, of being his daughter's murderer, and intended to take revenge in the manner which he put into practice on Friday night. The document is said to be exceedingly pathetic, his farewell to his family being decidedly touching. He is stated to have de- tailed in this document the manner in which he has endeavoured to carry into effect his murderous intent, and this has been confirmed by subsequent inquiries. WATCHING FOR HIS VICTIM. Letine had been employed at the Canterbury since Whitsun week, but it does not appear that Curragh had grown desperate until the past three days. The last few nights he has closely dogged the movements of Letine, being nightly in the vicinity of the Canterbury. Saturday night, it was discovered, he entered a public-house and also a dairyman's in the vicinity, where he obtained refreshments, and made inquiries as to the time Letine usually arrived. He also paid for admission to the Canterbury last night to inquire there, and on being informed, took up his position at the stage door with the result recorded above. From inquiries made last Saturday by the Press Association, we learn that the deceased daughter of Curragh was formerly with Letine's troupe at Cardiff, where a doctor's certificate was given that she was suffering from injury to the heart and congestion of the lungs, and that her condition was to be attributed to improper treatment and overwork. Notwithstanding her unsatisfactory health it is stated that the deceased girl was induced to write home and inform her father that she was being treated kindly, and that, in conse- quence of certain representations made at the request of the deceased Letine, her elder sister Gertrude joined the troupe, and is associ- ated with Letine in his music hall performances at the present time. The younger girl died in November, and from that time the father has harboured thoughts of vengeance against Letine. These feelings have moreover been intensified by the presence of the second daughter in Letine's troupe, contrary to the father's wish and without his consent. Curragh's fondness for his daughters is said to have been very great, and since the death of the first child he has been often heard to say, I am afraid all is not well with Gertrude." The father endeavoured to get the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children to take up the case of his younger child now deceased, but without success, though he did persuade a lady well known in social and political circles to make some communications to the press respecting his grievance.

About four o'clock on Saturday afternoon a ARM AP «IN I N "#Wo' _t.¿, 1. wvw. w* Viwv» «. Hill, wvv/upjriug CIUUUI ICU IlllliULCSj fell in the suburbs of Worcester. The weather had been bright and hot after a foggy morning but shortly before the rain an unusually black cloud spread over the sky. HOHNIMAN'S PURE TEA, yields what the most particular tea drinkers seek for, a wholesome and agreeable beverage, delightful to the palate, and invigorating to the system. These advantages are due to special selection of only those teas that are absolutely pure. The choice young leaf, prepared with the greatest care, is shipped without the objectionable mineral facing power (Prussian blue, (fc.), generally used on teas prepared for the Eng- lish market. Pure tea, free from any adulterant, recommends itself for rich and delicious flavour, great strength in the cup, combined with nerve- restoring and waste-retarding properties. Hori- man's Tea is supplied direct to the public by Agents. List of Agents in this locality:— —Carmarthen, E. J. Williams, Chemist, 7, Guildhall-squire; J. H. Smith and Co., 19, Queen-street; and J. B. Richards, Druggist, 16, Lammas-street. Llanelly, liees, Book-seller, Llandilo, Lewis, Compton House. Swansea, Evans, Chemist Jones, Chemist. Parlby, Chemist. Kid- welly, Davids, Tea Dealer. Pembroke Dock, Tucker. Commericial-row. Merthyr, Stephens, Chemists, High-street. Burry Port, Badger, Sta. tioner.

STRATA FLORIDA ABBEY. I Subjoined we publish an urgent appeal issued on behalf of the Strata Florida Abbey Excavation Fund to enable the local com- mittee to protect the discoveries and complete the excavations made and commenced by Mr Stephen W. Williams. The appeal, we trust, will gain the sympathy and support of the public to the extent it deserves. The in- fluential gentlemen by which the document is I signed afford sufficient guarantee of the merits of the case LADIES AND GENTLEMEN,—Althouoh we may safely infer that the results of Mr Williams' interesting excavations have become through the medium of the newspapers and the discussions at the meetings of the Cambrian Archaeological Association, to a certain extent known to every- body, we deem it right before soliciting your kind support for the above object, to explain shortly how this work was initiated, what has been spent upon it, and how matters now stand. The first step taken was in the month of June, 1887, when Mr Williams, in a fortnight's time, spent in labourers' work, the sum of £ 10, a moiety of which had been voted him by the the Cambrian Archaeological Association at their meeting held at Swansea in the previous year; the other moiety being a donation from Mr R. W. Banks, treasurer to the above Society. His excavations enabled him to prepare a general plan and a few drawings of the details of the Abbey Church, upon which he drew out a report-which was read at the Denbigh meeting of the Cambrian Archreological Association on August 23rd, 1887, with the result that the Society determined to recommence operations in the following year, under the superintendence of Mr Williams, who throughout has given his valuable services free of all remuneration. On the 24th of May, 1888, Mr Williams, with a large staff of men under an efficient clerk of the works, was again at the Abbey—remaining there until the 4th of August following—when all work had to be suspended, unfinished though it was, for want of funds. During this period he received from various sources the sum of X162 lis 9d, while E181 15s 3d was spent. The adverse balance of £19 13s 6d being kindly advanced by him. On the 20th of August a deputation of the Cambrian Arctneolojical Association visited the Abbey and handed over the ruins, with its liabilities, to the custody of a local committee which had been formed in the neighbourhood. We commenced our duties by canvassing the town of Aberystwyth, our appeal being responded to in a wholly unexpected manner, for in a very short time we got together no less than X114 5-1 6d, so thoroughly did one and all appreciate the ruins, and the necessity of protecting and perfect- ing what had been discovered. This sum we expended in paying off the debt due to Mr Williams; in covering in the six chapels with galvanized iron roofs erecting iron railings in front of them to prevent dimage to the beautiful tile floors in replacing the fallen shafts in completing the excavations commenced in the previous summer in the direction of the library and vestry, so as to gain an entrace into the chapter house and such other works as were imperatively necessary to protect the ruins from damage during the winter months. This explonation brings everything connected with the operations at the Abbey down to date, and shows that from first to last a total sum of 2286 17s 3d has been spent there. With this expenditure out of a huge mound of earth which completely covered, with the excep- tion of the justly celebrated western doorway, Mr Williams has cleared away the accumulated rubbish and debris of three centuries of neglect and decay, and has disclosed to view, the nave, with its north and south aisles, the Monks' choir, the Presbytery, the two transepts with their six chapels, the library, the vestry, and the chapter house, of what was once one of the finest ecclesi- astical buildings in Wales-a Church (commenced by Rhys ap Gruffydd in the year 1166, and subsequently finished by him) of equal size to the Cathedrals at Bangor and that of St. David's as built by Bishop Peter de Leia. The tile pavements are singularly beautiful in design, of very rich glazing and colotltfhg, some of the patterns being unique, and are believed to be the finest series of tile pavements to be seen in any ruined Abbey in England and Wales, while its moulded stone work, and what remains of its arches, shafts, bosses, and caps of piers show that they are all of the highest artistic character. We require a sum of 1:350, and the question we have to deal with is: How can this sum be raised ? The members of the Cambrian Archæological Association in their individual capacities (for the Society possesses no capital out of which it can make a vote in our favour) have done their best; while Aberystwyth has responded to our call in the most praise- worthy manner. We have therefore no altenative but to appeal for assistance to the general public. Will you kindly help us, and the cause for which we are working ? We trust you will, and that, as soon as possible, so as to enable us to complete the work before the frosts of November set in.— We beg to remain, ladies and gentlemen, yours faithfully, H. DAVIES-EVANS (Lord Lieutenant for Cardiganshire), JOHN BOWEN, C. M. WIL- LIAMS (Mayor of Aberystwyth), J. W, WILLIS BUND, D. C. ROBERTS, A. J. HUGHES, LISBURNE, EVAN JONES (Vicar of Strata Florida), THOMAS ARCH, MORRIS DAVIES, J. R. REES, All pay- ments and communications to be made to Mr Morris Davies, Ffosrhydgaled, Llanfarian, Aber- ystwyth, or Mr D. C. Roberts, Bridge-street, Aberystwyth. Cheques to be crossed North and South Wales Bank, Aberystwyth. We are pleased to announce that Mr Williams has just published at the price of 10s 6d, an admirable work entitled The Cistercian Abbey of Strata Florida its history, and an account of the recent excavations made on its site, by Stephen W. Williams, F.R.I.B.A. London: Whiting and Co., 30 and 32, Sardinia-street, W.C. 1889.

THE EIFFEL TOWER.—There is a story of a sailor who remarked that he should like to get to the North Polo, if it were only to hang his hat on it, for the say-so of the thing." There does not seem to be much more than the say-so to he obtained from getting to the top of the Eiffel Tower, which this week has at last been thrown open to the public-as far as anything can be said to be thrown open," with which French officialism is concerned. In this respect the management of the Eiffel Tower is only too typical of a system of public administration of which the general object seems to be to exercise every device of red-tape to delay, annoy and irritate the visitor. It cost five francs to go to the summit of the Eiffel Tower but you cannot purchase a ticket for the summit direct—that would be making it far too simple and easy. You must pay two francs at one office for a ticket for the premiere itage arrived there, you have to search, at the further extremity of the large platform crowded with restaurants, &c., for the office where you have the privilege of purchasing for one franc a ticket for thp ilenruimo ¿.ft «V»4RTIVTIJV "Gr't- Arrived there, you have to make queue for three-quarters of an hour or so to get to the ticket office where you pay two francs for the lifts for the final trip. There is a perfectly com- modious and safe staircase up which anyone in robust health could walk to the top in a few minutes, but this may not be used, for some unexplained reason. You may descend from the second to the first platform by a staircase, but the continuation of the same staircase, by which you would naturally and easily continue the descent, is "défense de descendre," and you have again to make an excursion amid the labyrinth of the first platform to find the stair- case by which the rules permit you to descend to the ground. By dint of these ingenious arrange- ments it results that the best part of an afternoon is consumed in getting to the top of this precious erection and getting down again, and employ- ment is thus found ÍJr a number of incorruptible officials of the Republic in stopping every one from employing the straight and easy way of going up and down. When arrived at the top, it will be found that the spectacle is no better or more impressive than from the second platform in fact, rather less so, and the feeling of height does not seem greate r than at the second plat- form.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR. The Editor does not hold himself responsible for opinioiis expressed under this heading. All contribu- 6 tions must be verified by the real name and address of the writer as a guarantee of :ooù faith.

SAINT THEODORE. To the Editor of THE JOURNAL. SIR, W e have now for many days in succes- sion, been so accustomed to read in the newspapers of the numerous churches which the Bishop of Llaudafl has been called on to re-open after sub- stantial repairs, or to consecrate, in his important diocese, that we may be driven to the conclusion that with all his self-devotion and energy the great and growing demand on his time and strength in the way of providing places of worship, must at length overtake, if not outrun, his own unequalled capacity and desire for the advancement of church extension. But in refer- ence to the church which his lordship lately consecrated at Kenfig Hill, what is most note- worthy is its dedication to Saint Theodore. As Kenfig Hill is not far from Margam Park, the beautiful seat of Mr C. R. M. Talbot, M.P., the venerable Lord-Lieutenant of Glamorganshire, it may, perhaps, be taken for granted that the name was chosen in memory of his only son and heir, Mr Theodore Talbot, whom I remember myself as a bright and most promising youth, hut who was prematurely taken from us, leaving by his early removal, a void which the county of Glamorgan has not yet seen supplied. This recollection of him, and the impression made on all who knew him of his great amiability and worth, as well as the unusual name which the church at Kenfig Hill is to bear, may induce yon, with your customary kindness, to allow a brief notice of the Saint to appear in THE JOURNAL. I am not myself learned in hagiography, but knowing two historical personages in Church annals with the name of Theodore, and one of these, Theodore of Mopsuestia, being reckoned a heretic, my notice shall refer to Theodore, the great Archbishop of Canterbury, %i ho lived in the seventh century. I must also confess my ignor- ance as to whether this celebrated prelate has been authoritatively enrolled among the elect saints, whose names are written in the Book of Life," but he is certainly canonised in the grate- ful hearts of all who are acquainted with his work and character. That work was so important at the time and so wide-reaching in its after conse- quences, that many historians consider him as the founder of the English Church, and even as the real maker of the English nation. His name means, as probably your readers know, the gift of God. He was a native of Tarsus, in Asia Minor, which was also the birth-place of St. Paul the Apostle. This town was remarkable for its situation on the river Cydnus, whose cold waters nearly proved fatal to Alexander and for the interview between Antony and Cleopatra, immortalised in Shakespeare's drama; for its stately monument to Julian the Apostate, who was interred there, and for its capture in later times by Tancred and Baldwin, two chiefs re- nowned in the early Crusades, the one the type of an astute and unscrupulous, but strong and intrepid character the other the type of true nobility of nature and all knightly worth. It was also the seat of literature and philosophy which rivalled the famous schools of Athens and Alexandria. It was in the year 668 that Theodore was sent from Rome to England, to become Archbishop of Canterbury He found on his arrival here the fruitful seeds of discord and confusion in both the ecclesiastical and civil spheres. He found a deplorable want of learning and discipline among the clergy, and a state of internecine warfare between the petty political sections into which the country was divided, the largest of which divisions being known to us as compiisin, the Heptarchy. He proved by the way in which he entered on his arduous task and pursued it to a successful issue that he possessed the ft resight and sagacity of the practical statesman, and was animated by the essential spirit of the Gospel, whi !i so earnestly inculcates peace aud goodwill among men, and a principal part of whose mission it is to re-unite them in one bond of brotherhood He began his career by amicably settling the opposing claims and winning the sympathy and confidence of the two ecclesiastical schools ex- isting here the Celtic, which was much the older, and the Roman, which was comparatively of a recent growth and of which two schools, Wilfrid and Chad, might be considered as more or less directly the representatives. He consolidated the soattered elements of religion in the several civil divisions, and formed them into one Nat- ional Church. He did his best, as we are ex- pressly told, to secure for the people a cultivated, an independent, and a permanent ministry, not only by promoting the education of the clergy and tightening the reins of moral descipline, but also by providing for them residentiary cures, which afterwards developed into the present parochial system, as well as providing means for their support and subsistence. He instituted an annual synod of all the bishops to meet under the presidency of the Archbishop of Canterbury. And Green, the historian of the English people, does not hesitate to affirm that these councils, gathered by Theodore, were the first of all nat- ional gatherings for general legislation. It was these ecclesiastical synods which by their example led to our National Parliament, as it was the canons enacted in such synods'which led the way to a national system of law." This able and wise prelate, then, not only united the separate portions of the Church, and saved the English Church from dividing and sub-dividing, each little division in the 0 mean- while accentuating each matter of dispute as the one point of importance in the Christian system, as too many of our Dissenting sects are un- happily in the habit of doing but he also mater- ially helped to bring together the various dis- cordant tribes, and consolidate them into one I nation. His work has now lasted more than a thousand years, and has been in its effects an inestimable boon to Great Britain and I venture to add, to the whole habitable world. And well we may believe with what disdain and indignation he would regard those misguided people, who under the pretentious cry of "Home Rule" would in these days split the United Kingdom I* again into so many several divisions, and under the fallacious name of Liberationists99 would rend in twain our one historic and ancestral church. His counsel on the contrary would assuredly be, Hold fast that which thou hast, that no man take thy crown Dal yr hyn sudd gennyt fel mi ddygo neb dy goron di. Yours, Ac, JOHN MORGAN, T OIL 1 OO^C'0R kLanilid and Llanharran. June 8th, 1889.

To the Editor of THE JOURNAL. SIR,—The following may interest some of your readers who go in for natural history. Yester- day, whilst in my writing-room, I saw our cat (a young one) go on to the terrace, just in front of the house, evidently on the look out for some young rabbits which frequent that locality. Sud- denly swallow flew rapidly past, about two feet above the cat's head, and startled her. Next time the swallow flew within a foot of the cat, and the cat made for it. Next time the swallow made for the cat, evidently to the cat's dismay. Finally the swallow made such a determined swoop on the cat that she was quite beaten, and quickly retreated, much discomforted. I am not aware that the swallow had any nest in the immediate vicinity. I am, yours truly, S. H, JOXES-PARRV Tyllwyd, 18th June, 1889.

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