The Aberdare Leader

Disendowment. THE CHURCH ON ITS DEFENCE. H And how can man die better Than facing fearful odds, For the. ashes of his fathers, And the temples of his gods." Thus the Rev. J. M. Griffiths, Vicar of Llansamlet, concluded a passionate ap- peal for a strenuous resistance to a Dis- establishment Bill, to a meeting of Church people held at the Memorial Hall, Aberdare, on Monday evening. Mr. Thomas Lloyd, grocer, was in the chair, and the meeting was under the auspices of the Church Defence League. Mr. Griffiths' subject was, The Disen- dowment of the Church." The minutes having been read by the secretary, Mr. J. R. Thomas, Mr. Lloyd said that since their last meeting, the Liberation Society had met and dis- cussed Disestablishment. It was plain that the Government were to be forced to make an attack on the Qhurch, which they as Churchmen had met to defend. Mr. Ellis, M.P., had said that they in- tended to relieve the church of the un- happy position she was in. (Laughter.) He (Mr. Ellis) proposed to help to bring about what be believed would be for Denenr oi tne cnurcn. Auomer gentie- man went on to advocate a vigorous cam- paign for .disestablishing and disendow- ing the church not only in Wales, but also in England and Scotland. It had been said that the Church of England was the Church of the rich and not of the people at large This was absurd. The Church of England had never ne- glected the poor. The poor had not been neglected in Aberdare Parish, and if the Church would be disendowed it was the poor who would suffer most. He be- lieved that the Church was ready for the attack. The Church had withstood the agitation for disestablishment in 1868, and he was sure they would withstand it in 1909. Some years ago the late Thos. Gee suggested a religious census to make out a case for Disestablishment. In one chapel, where a prayer meeting was held, the edifice was packed, and one brother in the course of his prayer said: "Nid er dy fwyn Di, 0 t Arglwydd, y mae y bobl wedi dod yma, ond er mwyn Thomas Glee." (Laughter.) (Not for Thy sake, O! Lord, the people have gathered here, but for Thos. Gee's sake.) In the course of a lucid, convincing address, the Vicar of Llansamlet said that the real bone of contention was the property of the church. They were constantly told that the clergy were State paid and that the tithes were national property. Even some Churchpeople be- lieved that endowments came from the State. Whatever the Church enjoyed to- day was her own property, and if it would ever be taken away from her it would be down-right robbery. Endow- ments could be divided under four heads. I First, The Church buildings; (2) Vicar- ages and glebes; (3) tithes; and (4) funds administered by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners and Queen Anne's Bounty Commissioners. The Churches had not been built by the State, and the great majority of them in Cardiganshire haxl

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AT EIN GOHEBWYB. Englyn Cribddeilrwr." Nid vidych wedi meistroli y cynghaneddion yn ddigon dda i wneyd englyn. Cynghorem chwi i efrydu yr Ysgol Fardelol. Deallwn fod gan Ab Eevin ddosbarth i'r perwyl hwa hefyal.

ENGLYN LLONGYFAECHIADOL I Mr. John Lewie, mab fy hen gyfaill mynwesol Cynffig, a Miss Lydia Edwards, Aberporth House, Cwmaman, Aberdar, ar eu himiad mewn gian briodas. I Lewis a'i Lydia lawen-bydded Boddus oes ddiangen; A deuddeg o blant addien,—mab Cynffig, Y gwr caredig, gwiw gar Ceridwen. Abercwmboi. ALAW SYLEN.

GWYDRAU AUR MR. MORRIS PHILLIPS, Horeb, Llwvdcoecl, y rhai a gyflwynwyd iddo gan ei ddosparth o wragedd yn yr Ysgol Sul. PHILLIPS, yn ngrym hoff haeledd-ei ddos- Fu'n ddewisbwnc moledd; [parth Gwyr eigion cariad gwragedd, A'u gwenau mal gwin a medd. Chwaneg nis gallai chwenych,-ilw hathiiaw Gwnaethant weithred glodwycb: Drych-wydrau iach i edrych, Mewn ffram aur mae'n offrwm wych. Abl torwy5. ar blat arian-enw'r gwr Ar gas lledr tuallan Yn glws ar yr anrheg lan Gwena ei wraig ei hunan. Ym mlaen aeth ddeugain mlynedd—drwy Dreiniog gwlad dinodedd [anial Croesa'r cawr yn awr mewn hedd I Ganaan y Gogonedd. Mewn GLASSES mae yn glysach,-a doniau'r Diweinydd fydd loewach A gwei Air Duw yn gliriach— Gair Duw yw ei gredo iach. Swawl i eurdraeth, eglurclrem-i diroedd Byd arall ry'r gloewem A gwydrauaur ffyddiogdrem—mae'rsant Yn croesi heuliau i fro Caersalem. [clau Aberda AB HEVIN.

PENILLION Cyflwynedig i'r Parch. R. S. Rogers ar ei sefydliad yn weinidog ar Eglwys Rhos, Mountain Ash, Hyd. 26ain, 1908. Ffyddlon Fugail, nid oes iti fismwyth orphwys yn y byd; Ce'st i'r Winllan Fawr dy eni,— Gwaith sydd iti"n dod o hyd. Ymdrech deg Bydd iJth gyfarfod, Concro drygau erchyll raid, Gan bregethu'r anchwiliadwy, A rhybuddio yn ddibaid. Rogers anwyl, cryf yw'r awydd Yn dy fynwes sydd yn byw Am wel'd tyrfa o dan arwydd Enw'r gwir a'r bywiol Dduw. Mae dy weddi ddirgel ffvddiog Fyth yn esgyn tua'r nef, Am arddeliad yr eneiniog Ar dy lafur yn y dref. Yn dy waith a'th fawr wasanaeth Dygi glod i'r Iesu da, Cei drwy ras deg etifeddiaeth Saif yngwlad tragwyddol ha'; Os haul llwyddiant ni'th oleua Ambell waith yn hyn o fyd, Haul Gogoniajit a belydra. Arnat yn y nef o hyd. Bod yn em yn nghoron Iesu- Breniniaethau blyg i hon; Bod yn aelod byth o deulu Gwr yr ing a'r waewffon, Bod yn berchen eurog orsedd- Os y byddi'n fugail da; Nid oes draethu ar y mawredd Berthyn it mewn gwlad ddibla. Fugail ffyddlon, gwrando enyd Ar ddwys deimlad calon bardd, Sawru mae'th gymeriad hyfryd Fel y rhosyn yn yr ardd; Os y baich fydd drwm a llethol, A dy ysgwydd dithau'n friw, Cofia mai y man adfywiol Ydyw godre gorsedd Duw. Wyt fel morwr sydd yn hwylio Tua glanau arall wlad, Boed it forio heb ddiffygio Nes cyrhaeddi Dy dy Dad; Os yn anhawdd bydd y fordaith, Maint y wobr fydd yn fawr, I'r glyd hafan y daw'th ymdaith Gyda thoriad nefol wawr. Mwyn fydd rhodio aur heolydd Yn nghymdeithas Duw a'r Oen, Mwyn fydd byw am byth yn ddedwydd Uwchlaw cyrhaedd cur a pigpen; Cael y goron aur a gwisgoedd Gwynion yn y Wynfa lan, A chael aros yn oes oesoedd Yn hudoledd cartref can. Mountain Ash. SOLFACHWR.

Nodion. Drwg gan lu ddeall nad yw Mr. H. H. Evans, M.E., arotygydd y Bwllfa, yn dda iawn ei iechyd. Dymuniad llu oli gydnabyddion yn y lofa ac yn nghylch- oedd Barddas yw y bydd i'w arosiad yn Jersey a Bournemouth, dan awelon balmaidd y De, fod yn lies i'w iechyd. Ai yn y cymeriad o Archdderwydd y oyfeiriai llywydd ac ie-lywydd Cymrodor- ion Aberdar at Dyfed fel prif fardd ein cenedl," oblegyd er fod Dyfed yn fwy aml-gadeiriog nag un bardd arall, y mae i amryw a haerant mai nid efe yw ein bardd mwyaf na goreu. Pob un vn ol ei chwaeth, onide. Yn ol Dyfed, bardd-neu yn hytrach beirniad—eithafol o dynergalon ydoedd Islwyn. Un tro pan oedd yn beirniadu mewn cwrdd llenyddol yn Aberdar yr oedd wyth o blant bychain yn adrodd am 1tobr o ddau swllt. Er fod Islwyn yn gwybod yn dda fod rhai o'r plant yn adrodd yn annhraethol well na'u gilydd, darfu iddo ranu y wobr rhwng yr wyth. Dyna beth oedd rhoi angen un rhwng yr wyth. Mae Dyfed wedi sylwi nad yw dyffryn Aberdar mor llengar yn awr ag ydeedd yn yr amser pan oedd yr Archdderwydd yn llanc yn y lie. Dywedai wrth areith- 10 o flaen Gymrodorion Aberdar fod y :ffaith hon wedi peri cryn flinder i w yebryd. Mae Eglwys Annibynol Bryn Seion, Cwmbach, yn myned i ddathlu jubili haner can' mlwydd ei bodolaeth tua'r Nadolig nesaf. Bydd U Y Geninen," y flwyddyn nesaf, yn rhoi arbenigrwydd i bynciau ag y mae y dosbarth gweithiol yn dal cy&yllt- iad uniongyJthol a hwy, megis Cyfalaf a X-lafur, Cynawnder iJr Gweithiwr, y Chwarelwyr a Chwarelyddiaeth, Hanes Chwareli Arfon a Meirion, y Chwarel- wr aJr Glowr: eu Rhagoriaethau a'u Diffygion, Cyflwr y Dosbarth Amaeth- yddol yng Nghymru, Pwnc y Tir, etc.

Cymrodorion Aberidall. DYFED AR ISLWYN. Nos Wener diweddaf yr oedd ystafell y Cymrodorion yn Y sgoldy y Gadlys yn ilawer rhy fychan iJr dorf a ddaeth yn nghyd, a bu raid estyn cortynau" y babell. Cymerwyd y gadair gau y Parch. J. Morgan, llywydd y gymdeithas. Yn gyntaf cafwyd deng mynyd gyda Rhydderch ap Morgan gan Ioan Arthen. Lu o blant y Foxhole yn agos i Abertawe ydoedd Ehydderch. Bu yn fugail ar eglwys Bethel, y Gadlye. Bu yn llwydd- isnus iawn fel cystadleuwr eisteddfodol. YsgTifenodd liaws o erthyglau i « Wlad- gaxwrAberdar dan yr enw (ó Hen Fa,s,-edwr." Wedi ychydig ragarweinlad gan y llywydd galwodd ar Dyfed i roddi dar- lith ar "Islwyn." Yr oedd Islwyn, meddai yr Archdderwydd, yn siarad yn fwy hyawdl ar ol ei farw nag y gwnaeth yn ei fvwvd. Un o feirdd Mynwy yd- oedd, wedi ei eni yn yr Ynysddu. Yr oedd mor ddiniwed a cholomen weddw, ac mor dyner a chariad mam. Enaid mawr ydoedd, wedi ei ddisgyblu i ddi- oddef, a phruddglwyf fel niwl y mynydd- ot-dd yn gorphwys ar ei ysbryd. Yr oedd Islwyn yn neillduol o absenol ei feddwl. Yn lie edrych o'i gwmpas edrychai iddo ei hun, a gwelodd yno gyfoeth o ddrych- feddyliau mewn caethiwed vn aros bardd i'w gollwng yn rhydd. Nid oedd y tant digrif yn nhelyn Islwyn. Canu caneuon serch nis gallai. Ac yr oedd un amgylch- iad yn ei fywyd yn cyfrif am hyn. Aeth i'r fynwent pan yn ieuanc, ac yr oedd delw'r bedd ar ei ysbryd byth ar ol hyny. Yr oedd ei awen fel colomen a'i haden wedi ei gwlitho yn niwl angeu. Yna rhoddodd Dyfed ddyfyniad o a Nos" Islwyn, mewn dull mor rymus a chyda phwyslais mor fyw nee taenu gwefr dros yr holl gynulliad. Treuliodd Islwyn, meddai y siaradwr, lawer o'i amser yn nghwmni angylion. Yr oedd ei feddyliau yn gyfriniol, ac efallai fod graddau o aneglurder yn nglyn a rhai o honynt. Yr oedd rhai bcirdd yn ceisio efelychu Islwyn, ond yn anffodus yr oeddynt yn efelychu gwen- didau yn hytrach na rhagoriaethau y bardd. Un o'r cyfryw oedd y bardd newydd," fel y'i gelwid. Prif nodwedd y bardd hwn ydoedd canu mewn tywyll- wch diser. Peth ffol mewn unrhyw fardd ydoedd canu mewn caddug os gallai greu heuliau. Cabledd ar ei ran ydoedd dweyd, "Islwyn yn ddiau a welodd fy nydd i, ac a lawenychodd." Gwnai y bardd hwn ymgais egniol yn wastad i argyhoeddi y byd y byddai yr oesau a ddel yn deall ei linellau. Yr oedd Islwyn yn cael ei gario ymaith gan ei dynerwch, hyd y nod pan yn gweithredu fel beirniad. Can ryfedd ydoedd Ystorm" Islwyn. Aeth y bardd ati i gyfansoddi arwrgerdd heb ymgynghori a neb nac efelychu neb. Yr oedd holl ddrychfeddyliau y gan yn tarddu o dair ffynhonell: (1) Bywyd; (2) adfyd; a <3) gobaith. Diweddodd y darlithydd ei anerchiad gyda darluniad byw beiddgar Islwyn o'r dydd diweddaf. "Daw'r dydd i fyny, A'r byd a'i rod mewn barnau'n glynu." Boddwyd geiriau diweddaf y siaradwr mewn taranau o gymeradwyaeth. Wedi ychydig eiriau gan y llywydd a Mr. J. (Griffiths, cynygiwyd diolch i'r siaradwr gan y Parch. R. J. Jones, M.A. Credai Mr. Jones fod Islwyn wedi dar- llen nid yn unig H Young's Night Thoughts, ond hefyd weithiau Words- worth yn helaeth. Eiliwyd gan Fyfyr Dar, yr hwn a ddy- wedodd ei fod wedi darllen rhai o weith- iau Islwyn 40 mlynedd yn ol. Diolchwyd i loan Arthen hefyd am ei bapyr. Cafwyd cyfarfod hwyliog a gwresog anghyffredin.

Soar, Aberdar. Cyfarfod yr Ysgol Sul. Prydnawn Sal diweddaf, cynaliwyd cyf- arfod gan yr eglwys uchod mewn cysyllt- iad a'r genadaeth gydfynedol. Llywyddwyd gan y gweinidog, y Parch. J. Tudor, B.A. Dechreuwyd y cyfarfod trwy ganu, a gweddiwyd gan Mr D. Rees. Aed trwy y rhaglen ganlynol :—Adroddiad, Gweddi'r Plentyn gan Ellen Jones. Adrodd Salm xxiii. gan Blant y Festri. Adroddiad 0 Blentyn y Nefoedd," May Abraham. Can, Fy ngwaith yw caru'r Iesu,' Maggie Abraham. Adroddiad, Yn aberth er dy fwyn," May Morgan, Gadlys. Can, 'Rwy'n hoffl myn'd i'r Ysgol Sul," Lizzie Rees, y plant yn uno yn y cydgan. Ad- roddiad, Paid rhoi fyny," William David Walters. Canu, St. Aelred," cor Mr John Rees Glan Cynon). Adroddiad, Bedd yr Iesu," W. J. Jones. Adroddiad, Salm viii. gan Blant y Festri. Can, 0 na bawn i fel Efe," Evan Walters, y plant yn uno yn y cydgan. Adroddiad, Y Crwydryn," May Morgan. Canu, Missionary," cor Mr Arthur Davies. Adroddwvd Galatiaid iii. gan yr Ysgol. Cafwyd papur rhagorol gan Mr John Lewis ar "David Living- stone. "x Y cyfeilydd ydoedd Mr Dan Edwards. Trefnwyd y rhaglen gan yr ar- olvgwyr-Mri R. W. Gray a J. Hughes. oly Cafwyd cyfarfod hapus iawn. DARLITH.—Nos Lun, o dan nawdd Cymdeithas Ddiwylliadol Soar, traddododd y Parch D. Jeremy Jones, Mountain Ash, ddarlith ragorol ar Hen wr o'r my nydd." Hen gymeriad naturiol ydoedd yr hen wr o ddyffryn Tywi. Yr oedd yn fardd go dda, er na chafodd fanteision addysg. Cadeir- iwyd gan Mr Oakley Rees, Aberaman. Siaradwyd gan y Parch J. Tudor, B.A., Mri Daniel Jones (yr hwn a adwaenai yr hen wr), David Rees a'r cadeirydd. Ar gynyg- iad y gweinidog, diolchwyd i Mr Jones am ei ddarlith. Bydd Proff. Anwyl, Aberyst- wyth yn darlithio dan nawdd y Gymdeithas lonawr y 7fed, ar Hen Lenyddiaetb Gymreig."

Gair o Ddioichgarwch. Byddai yn anhawdd iawn i mi i gydnabod yn bersonol dderbyniad y nifer fawr o lyth- yrau o gydymdeimlad a ni yn marwolaeth ein hanwyl fachgen. Felly, dymunwn drwy gyfrwng eich papyr ddiolch o galon i'r eglwysi, gweinidogion a lleygwyr am eu geiriau cysurlawn. Buont i ni yn nerth mawr, ac fe fyddant i ni byth yn drysorau gwerthfawr.—Yr eiddoch, yn ddiolchgar, Abercwmboi. J. BOWEN DAVIES.

Y GENINEN am y flwyddyn nesaf, —" Yr Iaith Gymraeg pa un ai mantais a- anfantais fyddai ei pharhau?" "Yr Eis- teddfod Genedlaethol a yw yn werth y draul o'i chynal ?" Pwlpud Cymru pa un ai cryfhau ai gwanhau y mae ei ddylan- wad ?" A fyddai Ymreolaeth yn fantais i Gymru ?"

tj IS ICAL CO 0 :I'J!b"

Purpose of Unitarianism. I.ECTTJEE BY REV. F. BLOTJNT MOTT The Rev. F. Blount Mott, pastor of Cardiff Unitarian Church, and author of God in San Dam," and other novels, delivered a lecture on "Purpose of Uni- huianism," at Highland Place School- room on Thursday evening. Rev. M. Evans, Highland Place, occupied the chair, and in his opening remarks re- ferred to the ennobling influence of Chan- ning's works. Mr. Mott prefaced his lecture by stat- ing that a good many people entertained erroneous opinions as to what Unitar- ianiem was. An Irishman, when asked why quack medicines did so much harm, replied: Because the things they are made of are not in them." The reply was characteristically Irish. In the same manner people said that Unitarian- ism contained things which it did not. He would recall an amusing incident in a seaside place, where a Unitarian was staying. The landlady asked the Uni- tarian in question what would he have for breakfast, and when told "Bacon and eggs," she stammered, "Bacon! But I thought you were a Unitarian!" (Laugh- ter.) This poor woman, continued Mr. Mott, had somehow confused Unitarian- ism and Vegetarianism. Proceeding, the lecturer said that the Unitarian faith was altogether different from the orthodox faith. It was not merely a step from one to the other. Every thing of importance was altered to the man who had crossed from Ortho- doxy to Unitarianism. One of the first essentials was to get rid of all prejudices. Disbelieving did not mean Unitarianism. It was but the first step that a person took. It was often said that Unitarians could not be right, because they were so few, compared to the other denomin- ations. It should be remembered that all pioneers were few at first. There was a good number of Unitarians outside the churches. One College Professor said: Every scholarly and intelligent person I have met is intellectually a Unitar- ian." He predicted a religious upheaval in the near future, just such an up- heaval as that which occurred in Chan- ning's day. Channing went right over to Unitarianism, and a large number fol- lowed him. Every single church found- ed in New England by the Pilgrim Fathers was now Unitarian. He would mention three principles necessary to the typical Unitarian: 1st, Confidence in human nature; 2nd, belief in the necessity of individual freedom; 3rd, the only authority to be accepted was the truth. Life was a growth and was con- stantly changing. The light of to- morrow would not be the light of to-day.

RUNNING SORES YIELD TO THE MARVELLOUS BLOOD-PURIFYING PROPERTIES OF DR. MORSE'S INDIAN ROOT PILLS. No person can be afflicted with a greater misfortune than have a running I sore tha,t will not yield to ordinary treatment. The sore may originally be caused by accident or otherwise, but if it does not heal it is because the blood is impure. The foul, humours, instead of being carried away through the regular channels, burst through the skin, caus- ing suffering and humiliation, Dr. Morse's Indian Root Pills drive the poisonous humours from the system, purifying the blood, cleansing the stomach, and toning the organs of digestion and nutrition. Sold by Chemists and Stores, price lIlt per bottle, or The W. H. Comstock Co., Ltd., 21, Farringdon Avenue, London, E.C.

Tabernacle Y. P. S. A NIGHT WITH ENGLISH AUTHORS. On Thursday night the members of Tabernacle Young People's Society, Aber- dare, spent a pleasant hour and a half in the company of five English authors introduced by four lady members of the Society. Mr. B. Runge presided. The first paper was given by Miss Evans, headmistress of Cwmbach School. She had selected Wordsworth as her favourite author. She gave an interest- ing outline of the life of the Lake Poet, and also an appreciation of his works and character. She dwelt upon the itiner- aries and the romances of the bard's nomadio career, his associations with Coleridge, and his devotion to his sister and to his wife. Miss Evans also pointed out the outstanding features in Words- worth's poetry, its trueness to nature, its fine sentiments, its pathos and its purity. She concluded with .choice selections from the poet's works. The next lady to address the gather- ing was Miss Ettie Griffiths, whose favourite was Dr. Johnson. She related some of the principal incidents in the life of the famous and eccentric doctor, whose pen has greatly enriched English literature, who was noted for his impetu- osity of temper, as well as for the bril- liancy of his talent. Miss Griffiths men- tioned the great linguist's unshaken faith in the rod as an instrument for enforc- ing obedience and even for imparting in- struction. She dealt also with the re- ligious convictions of Dr. Johnson, his strict domestic economy and his fund of sarcastic wit. Miss Griffiths epilogued her paper with quotations from John- son's works. Miss Bessie M. Richards had chosen as her favourite poet Tennyson, of whom Mr. Gladstone had said that he had writ- ten his songs in the hearts of his coun- trymen, and would therefore never die. Miss Richards touched upon the life and character of the greatest poet of the Viotorian era. She then read some of Tennyson's lyrics and lays, including ".The Brook." She referred to the poet's grief for his departed friend, Arthur Hallam-the bitter grief of which his immortal In Memoriam was the sweet product. Citations from this mas- terpiece of the poet followed. Miss Rich- ards gave some choice gems from the Arthurian legends, and finally she gave a selection of lines from the poet's songs which have grown into proverbs and epi- grams. The fourth paper was given by Miss Bronwen Griffiths, whose pet authors were W. W. Jacobs and Ruskin. Miss Griffiths dealt very humorously with both authors-the witty writer of sea tales and the great nineteenth century apostle of beauty and idealism. She gave some ex- tracts from Ruskin's essays, and also showed some excellent sketches, painted by herself, illustrating some of the nauti- cal stories of Jacobs. These were a source of considerable interest and amusement. A good gathering of members showed grateful appreciation of the efforts of the four ladies.

I A little child who attended one of the churches at Mountain Ash the other Sunday had listened rather attentively £ o one of the lessons read. The story of jlaniel in the den of lions had gripped lie little one's interest, and she asked llgr mother, "Who was the Daniel that Vent into the Zoo at the Mount and the lions did not bite him?" h

Y mae yn werth i bob darllenydd medd- ylgar, yn enwedig felly ddynion ieuainc, i dderbyn Y Geninen yn rheolaidd, bob rhifyn fel y daw allan, a'i rhwymo yn ofalus o herwydd bydd y gyfrol- yn werth troi iddi, yn awr ac eilwaith, am ysgrifau ar bynciau ddelont o dan sylw y cyfarfod cystadleuol a'r gymdeithas lenyddol. Heb- Jaw hyny, y mae yn werth eu dyogelu felly mewn pryd, am fod yr ol-rifynau yn lied brinion.

Unqualified Teachers at Aberdare. COUNCILLOR T. WALTER WILLIAMS WANTS TO DISMISS THEM. "The Training of Teachers at Home and Abroad was the subject of an ad- dress given on Monday under the aus pices of the Aberdare Education Society by Dr. Chalke, M.A., headmaster of Portli P.T. Centre. The Rev. J. M. Jones, M.A., was in the chair. There were also present: Mrs. Walter Lloyd, Councillors David Hughes, T. Walter Williams, J. H. James, Mr. J. Davies, secretary, and a small number of teach erB. Dr. Chalke, in the course of his ad- dress, said that parents were guilty of a culpable neglect with regard to the teaching of their children. We would not entrust cur bodies to any but a qualified physician. We would not con- sult anyone but a qualified lawyer on any legal point. Why not adopt the same rule with regard to the educating of the children of the nation? There were 87,500 unqualified teachers in our schools to-day. This was a grave national scan- dal. It was high time to seriously con sider what should be done to raise the status of the unqualified. Educators and administrators should work hand in hand with this object in view. In Ger- many, France, Switzerland, and Ameri- ca unqualified teachers were not allowed to enter the schools. In Germany no teacher was allowed to impart instruc- tion until he or she reached the age of 16. The German teacher was given a thorough training in the vernacular. All the teachers in that country were civil servants, hence. they enjoyed fixity of tenure. In the elementary schools of Germany there were hardly any women teachers. In France it was one rigid system of examination. In that country very great attention was given to intel- lectual training. Physical training was ignored. So was the development of character. One defect in France was that there was a tendency to lecture the pupils, and the teaching therefore lacked the thoroughness and vitality of the English system. In the matter of promotion France was behind this country. Seniority was almost the only test of promotion there, merit receiving but a very small consideration. In little Switzerland there were 42 training col- leges. In that country teachers were fined for non-attendance. In Germany the pedagogue was a kind of cross be- tween the village policeman and a magis- trate. In Switzerland it was different. There the teacher moved among the people not as a law officer, but as their instructor and guide. In Switzerland the teacher ranked high not only in use- fulness but in popular esteem. The Swiss system of Training Colleges was one which Britain might copy with pro- fit. Dr. Chalke also referred to Hun- gary, where no teacher was permitted to take his certificate unless he possessed knowledge of English, and where chil- dren of 12 and 13 were proficient in the same language. One great defect of the British system of training was that no security of appointment was given to a young teacher whose parents had perhaps denied themselves in order to equip their offspring for the educational profession. In no other country was this defect so pronounced as in Britain. Referring to America, Dr. Chalke said that the school there was a kind of intellectual labor- atory, where moral researches and char- acter training were given great promin- ence. Most of the American Schools were staffed by women, in contradistinc- tion to Germany. The Americans after all were attaining to an ideal, viz., that the model teacher after all was the woman. The Chairman wished to express his appreciation of the excellent address given by Dr. Chalke. Councillor T. Walter Williams held Councillor T. Walter- Williams held that the doom of male teachers was at hand, not only in America, but also in England, and even in Aberdare. He ventured to predict that the last head- master of the Gadlys School would be Mr. Evan Williams. His successor would be a headmistress. Twenty years hence there would be practically no male teachers in this country. Referring to the unqualified teachers in Aberdare, the speaker recapitulated what he had done on the Aberdare Education Com- mittee with the view of compelling un- certificated teachers to study for the certificate. Those teachers had been given a year's grace to enable them to go in for studying. He was very sorry to note that a large percentage of those un- qualified teachers had in the meantime taken no steps whatever to study for the certificate. Therefore at the expiration of the year—which would be about next February—he would move that all those uncertificated teachers who made no effort to study should be dismissed. Mr. Williams thereupon moved a vote of thanks to Dr. Chalke. Mr. Evan Williams seconded, and Mr. John Davies and Mrs. Lloyd supported the vote of thanks, which was carried with enthusiasm. In reply to a question by Mr T. Walker, Dr. Chalke said that the unqualified teachers who would not study deserved no mercy. They must go. Extermin- ation was the only remedy. He was very glad to hear the progressive keynote struck by Councillor T. Walter Williams.

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been restored within living memory. If they went back far enough they would find that nearly all the churches were built by voluntary contributions from kings and noblemen; from the pennies of the poor and the shillings of the middle classes. (2) Vicarages. From 1102 one of the Bishops decreed that no Church should be consecrated unless there was a manse provided for the parson. The object of this was to keep every parson in his par- ish, where he ought to be. A good many Vicarages had glebes attached—3 acres and a cow. (Laughter.) In his glebe at Llansamlet there was no room for a goat. (Renewed laughter.) The Vicarages were the property of the Church. (3) Tithes. The tithes had never been the property of the State, and had never been created by the State. The Statute Books of England did not contain any- thing to the effect that tithes had been given by the State to the Church. There were laws regulating the payment' of tithes, it was true. But if they repealed every Act which had reference in every shape and form to tithes, they would find that, the tithes would not then be- come the property of the State; they would revert to the owners of the soil. (4) Commissioners. Not a penny had ever been paid by the State to the Eccle- siastical Commissioners. The money came from the Trustees of the Church, who were administering the property of the Church. The Queen Anne's Bounty Fund had its origin at the time of the Crusaders. It was money levied upon lay people, and afterwards upon the clergy themselves. When the Crusaders finished, the money was still levied, and that was formed into a fund. King Henry VIII. took the money; King Ed- ward took it, but when Mary came to the throne she declined it, and acknowledged that it was the money of the church. Queen Elizabeth, however, was fond of dress. He did not know whether there were any "Merry Widow" hats in those days—(loud laughter)—but at any rate she was credited with having 365 dresses every year. She emulated Henry and Edward and used the money. After- wards it was paid into a fund in order to help small livings. Parliamentary Grants. All the Parlia- mentary Grants that the Church of Eng- land had received were XI,000,000 between 1809 and 1820, and £1,500,000 later as a thank offering by the State. But it should be remembered that grants had been made to Nonconformist Churches, and in the aggregate they amounted to £ 243,000 more than the Church of Eng- land had received. Questions weiife asked, and a hearty vote of thanks was accorded Mr Griffiths.