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THE BIRMINGHAM WATER BILL…

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THE BIRMINGHAM WATER BILL I Opposition from Welsh Members. On Tuesday, the House of Commons was engaged for three and a half hours in discussing the Birmingham Corporation Water BilL This measure proposed to empower Birmingham to take water from & high district in Radnorshire, and to supply not only its own needs but those of towns -P'c)ng the course of the cqueduct. It was opposed by the representatives of the districts through which the Wye flows as well as by Welsh members interested, sheep farmers and other inhbitants of the water- shed. Several London members also opposed the Bill on the ground that the Metropolis must look to Wales for an adequate supply, and Birming- ought to wait until the Roya Ammi;,sion on the general subject of water supp^fias reported. Mr CHAMBEKLAIN, who was the principal spokesman for the Bill. explained that Birming- ham being at a high level from the sea must draw its water from this high district, while London, being little above the sea level, had many other districts in Wales available, and lie repre- sented that Birmingham needs are so urgent that it cannot wait. Mr T. ELLIS thought it right to call the special attention of the House to this Bill, for it dealt with a matter of national importance, and under- lying it were principles of far more importance than commercial details. In a drastic and sweeping manner the Bill proposed to abfliish all tenant rights. 1he rapid growth of popula- tion in Glamorgan and Monmouth made the subject of the utmost importance, and Parlia- ment should lay down some principle to govern these demands for water supply from distant communities. The right proposed to be abolished would involve the clearing away of 82 families, or ♦03 i jersons. I Mr CHAMBERLAIN explained that ihis should not follow. They might possibly remain tenants Of the corporation. Mr ELLIS judged from the notices given. A church, two chapels, a school, and two burial grounds were to be appropriated, and 65,000 &res were to be taken, of which 32,000 acres were common land. In, fact this was a gigantio inclosure Bill. The deprivation of common fights of pasturage would make farming on soma 300 farms impossible, and he insisted that the rlght proposed to beabol isbed should be specifically Mentioned within the four corners of the Bill. Birmingham practically asked that a Private Bill Committee should have the right to examine Whether the owners' and occupiers' rights were safeguarded. It was impossible for the 400 farmers to appear before the committee. They i had no locus standi, and even if they had, how cou^ they be expected to obtain anything like a hearing ? Before assenting to the second reading the House ought to examine the powers sought in "ght of the important and careful and well- cpnsidered provisions of the Commons Preserva- tion Act of 1876. Again, the Welsh members wished that there should be a distinct provision snsTted in the Bill giving free and unlimited access to that very beautiful district of Wales. The rights of turbary were apt of as much UOportanoe as formerly, but still they were of some importance. Over and above that there Was an immemorial custom and priviljge which Was enormously prized in the district. There Were two or three of the best fishing rivers in South Wales, and these rights would be takon away. The promoters of the Bill might say there Was no statutory right for the inhabitants and tour-sts to fish in tho rivers, but there was an immemorial custom and privilege. Six years ago the right hon, gentleman and the Birmingham school would not have thought of settihg up a statute against immemorial privilege or custom. Mr CHAMBERLAIN My hon. friend is mis- taken. I supported the Liverpool and Manchestar Bill. Mr T. ELLIS said the amount of common land I taken by those Bills was nothing to be compared with the amount proposed to be taken by Bir- mingham. There was considerable complaint that fishing rights had been taken away by Liverpool, and the least that could be asked of Birmingham was that the right of free fishing should continue unimpaired. Furthermore, Bir- mingham asked to be allowed to supply water to al the County Councils and local authorities, wjthin 15 miles of the aqueduct. In fact, they wished to become a gigantic water purveyor. It Was clear this was not a Bill to meet the municipal needs of Birmingham, but a great money making transaction. Mr CHAMBERLAIN The duty of supplying this district is really imposed upon us. It is not by desire of our own we undertake it. The districts through which the water passes naturally think their needs ought to be considered, and ac- cordingly they impose on us the condition that they shall have a supply at a small rate of mtorest. Mr ELLIS said they had nothing to do with the amount of oppression which Birmingham— Poor oppressed Birmingham—(a laugh)—had bad to submit to from adjoining towns. Birmingham, m this matter, oould do just as it liked. At was true, as the right hon. gentleman said, that the water was not Wales:s water, but heaven's water. All he and his hon. f iends asked was that Birmingham should not take away the water in Wales without either safe- STUarding valuablejand immemorial public rights or giving some adequate compensation. He begged *o move that the Bill be read a second time that Oay six months. Sir J. BAILEY seconded the motion. Mr.pkJSvASs. said;before going to a division on* tfoe Bill, he should-like to say that the demands Which had been made by the Welsh people had deceived no answer from the right hon. gentleman the member for West Birmingham. The Welsh members did not object to either London or Bir- mingham coming to Wales and taking their pur" ater. and much good might it do them, but it did matter to the Welsh membars ^hether Birmingham should become a great landlord and secure 70 square miles of land with tiehts of eviction against the inhabitants and the control of fishery and commonable rights, inolud- turbary pasturagee and other privileges Which the Welsh people had under the Enclosure's Act of 1876. (Hear, near.) Tho Bill now before "he House would repeal those rights given by a Rfcneral public Act, and they were entitled to "cue assurance that th9 provisions of the En- gOsure Act of 1876 should be incorporated in the Since the passing of that Act not so much COnunon land had been taken away by the public as Birmingham proposed to take away now by 5^*BiH, which would deprive the people of f^'OOO acres of common and pasture land. Unless of the Bill were prepared to re- *P"ct Common rights he would oppose the measure. (Hear, hear.) oir HCS8KY VIVIAN said the members for BIR- mineham and London appeared to regard Wales common property, to be divided between according to their wants and wishes. He Protested against such a view. He had no £ to such water as was not wanted in J* ales being used in Birmingham or London, or •By where else but he contended, distinctly, that only the rights of Wales at the present 'me* but the wants of Wales here- rfter, and for all time should be safe- in any bill the House passed for ►p,e purpose of taking water away from Wales. A here was no part of the United Kingdom which v, increasing in the same manner as **ales, and unless those who represented Wales ■Ook care to safeguard the rights of •nose they represented, there was no saying .at their position might be hereafter. Swansea, *ne town he represented, suffered front a water J*mine in 1887, and Swansea Corporation were poing to *a district not very far from the one question in order to supply their wants. The ^me thing might occur in other portions of the ■y increasing district. In 1801 the population Of.("I-tmorganshire wa.,3 71,535 in 1891, 687,147 m other words, Glamorganshire had increased £ 5*10 times in population since 1801. In the population of Cardiff y/a% 1,870. Now in or "'O times greater than \v ij Ho hoped that an instruction sti k moved to reserve to Wale* uch water as might be required by the Princi- r'ty, not only at the present but at any future oK It was the supreme right of those who otjtmed powers of this kind that they should not Overridden, but that if the population required j* £ hereafter they might be empowered to take Birmingham had not exhausted its resources, had abundant resources close at hand. He a,o° u with absolute knowledge. Some 35 years ho established.a considerable mill in Bir- \? Inghllom, and was dissatisfied with the price of He sank a deep boring and obtained an rRlndant supply, and he had not paid the Bir- ijJngbam Water Companies for n s'mgledrop since. was an abundant supply of water in and nd Birmingham. If artesian welle were sunk jHtnin a radius of 15 or 20 milea the people of nningham could obtain pure water without W*llnS to Wales and robbing them. To come to *•*8 and take water there was an unjustifiable proceeding in the circumstances. Water supply a national question, but those who sought to jWt water from a distance should in the first r^aace satisfy themselves that there was no j 1° own neighbourhood. In the strata ^id Loiidon there was an abundant supply of Xinrt r' an(* there was no necessity for ^^rtaking these expensive works to PPly Birmingham or London with this 1er. He trusted therefore that if the passed such powers would be reservod as ould ensure to the inhabitants of Wales all water they required now and hereafter. ..After some further discussion tha House v'ded, when there voted For tho second reading. 244 Ajainst 102 Majority 142 v-

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