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RURAL NOTES. - •
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RURAL NOTES. • b, J. Kuir, margam ABBEY, Glamorganshire, Dog', ^^V?3iS TO 00IUiKSPOKDENTS. Hek wifh Off.—" p W. ,T."—Wash it once rf'er dryijw, ;vlkewajTa water and Sanitas soap, and, 2kic oir,fLi„, rul> it over with a little oxide ^ai5 £ L'a'-ed. This you can. buy from H'3,h^Lr'Lr)uck!il,SS- Fiora "—Yes, your duek- 8lhiL V(*ry well, indeed, as a weight of « iti in^ °°uPle at twelve weeks old when ^Lat « ?very «'»}' satisfactory. Tou do not ty they were. N»6ir ^ioua for Bee*.—" T. W."—I wn pleased ln'*st ha 0ues weie filled 80 quickly. Your r)Uf ?! a very HaUntac-tory erudition. Yoa nvinln„ ° r k»t of ejection* "on at once in the • CoijpfO. r 18 -vou did the first, and no doubt they C^. muc'1 clover leaves yet a,8 Kpses.—" iicxes."—The best way to dailv J^enniwi.te them is to look over the Sa^ty i*»'tf P^c'< them off and destroy them. II ortK y°u will have them ail removed ° days. This is much better than ''ijuid or powder to kill them, as ail S*" l5alp» blemish tilt bkBsoiiw at the present ^dliopf5* .tlle young orange trees are gratted, w^toari Wl^ nejt*'10ir bear flowers nor fruit. J? 'UUoh^f50*' SJ>t' C°^ee-—W. B. Starkey.—Thanks to anv Lantana. seeds. If you were to y large seed firm, such as Metisrs. Sutton. Wight find them profitable. They are Of 'aj'^ 'Peiled seeds. 1 am sorry I do not .book publislmd on any of the subjects there is much demand fot Cr00 un the matter, but perhaps some i. of a book or easay on one or all oi VZlL will be glad to hear from them. >2? J«0W''—" H. Ii."—I cannot tell what ycrnr j. Yoar treatment is very suitable, but W5 hnprove on your mode of feeding by giving fc/N „ food, such M barley meal or JSLi ^'bouSl soaked in water, &G. The WC>P will partially account for its A <*ioef &^°uld have given the oil sooner. Do |v*6d cj -,1- you notice any of your others ailing. *«py meal now and again would benefit food blU.,h. Be sure you give them plenty 01 Jjl do th2? on Young1 Trees.—" Inexperienced."—It Iif. Itp « no ^larm whatever to cut the dead wood th *nd growths will get on all the better |A ^ul certainly improve the appearance of S?* wind* in April were much Ss?^. Plant,ed trees making a good be- Jf^tSey i5 °* ^te the weather has been so favourable tita t[r'Ve quite recovered, and the majority of £ ? (Jrsigg r* ^'owing rapidly. You should prevent U» b¡"?E w'eo(i| from growing up amongst the '"If suri 8M t'hey will do much better if the Ifltntp Un reach the stems and young growths, te —" W. B."—It ie a powerful stimu- all kinds of vegetation into rapid *?*'b»t at was invaluable in mch a 8&°son a« last v| !fro»^ Pf«eut, when Nature is so Iwuntiful and 15 ?' to J10, 1(JXUriant, it would be throwing away "»tO[» P y artificial stimulants. Take my advice, kjjjot t"est when it is so disposed. We 2?*^ you Te on fave your artificials or tlie 2jou.. 'Otend investing in them till a more sterile fJiere is a great deal written and w*E?> but tv? .value °f stimulants for farm and other %??er of visefulneaa is, to a great extent, a iT* ih c,*fCjrns':ilucea. and, a« in many other '>l! Jfuided by existing nonditions. a Vinery.—" M. VV. It."—So long as th« {C)Jr K^en you should close Uie ventilators to pi P «od open them in the morning from 0 ^ock, u it is briijht and eunny. Admit ri • an^ increase ii as the open air tern- i>a h^» you fail to ventilate it, properly JN, raise the temperature to 90 or more £ *k«d foliage will be scorched and growth Hki "houj i In sunless days a little ventila,- 'be given, aa air 'c very desirable to develofitnent of the fruit. When the vj?' &M an to colour increase the ventila- ke«p tiT* little to remain on all night. This to r"aeR very healthy, and encourage the ,Jr *nd attain a rich flavour. i;tijre^n'louse-—"Ben. N1."—The proportions CSr' .Vou llo,l8e Bfe quite right, and I have no flftS °f Von 8T«*t source of amusement to is jj, j,' As the width is only 8ft. 6in., if the V y°U or aeariy »o, as 6hown, 1 dare- a passage to correspond with 5rl f}f tk„ *J,U" take up too much space in the best tojtoite at and I advise you to put the door (1- Ml °ap-k- Ihive the passage along the.se. W)'• Ti. ,nt' P»rt made as a stage to hold flic iti, ^>e n)atir alwaj"s do best in the front, and it arm r,ms '1<! teat use of tlie space. The WJ> ji rS^niMit should also be placed along the I T^qJ8 1,1,10^ more effective there than further Wv;" *fp a" the alterations or improvements shouwi' 1 will be glad to give you further UKi you need it. Kose Blooms. ih inS\i^ °f rosea. Some mav if aD<^ others in July and other jjr^Pat^ ut" thet^e are only strayed flowers in ^le innumerabte blossoms that of ;J.ne. I need say nothing as to the fcfcere -6 ^ower- Theae are known to all, 18 considerable difference in the ^sntly, some being perfect, or OoJj an M^e ot'hers are very inferior. This of to various <»uses- The -f seajK)U hfis often a good deal Soil and situation also contri- f^^Suence, but plants that receives *ill generally produoe excellent of anything. Thfe weather deaf in favour of rose blooms. The but t Itnd ^own freely. The growth is favoj, 0^eyP:i}* and the' buds are plentiful; the w'eather is in their i,0H- vv,C:ari be assisted, and all who o]trt\lrB a> plants enjoy plenty of h th« root will water them freely, eo,1 not very dry. Liquid rH h, hlSIll5r beneficial to them. All toer n'-ven them, but there is none that made from horse or oow ^r*tpd8' n>ots s^°uld be thoroughly it. The cluster flowering roses >^Ver • trimmed, as their natural iik^ Coin aa<^ their beet form are when fcv ]<i cl^ttrs; but varieties thai to "y bndUCe ^arge blooms and have a great rem 8 °?* s^°uld have tlie majority of «teir)°V i'i,anc^ oil'y one or two left on »l "i buds that are in anv way » en? ren»oved tiret. Some will iTly denrt fn ^tre. These are uafelesa, and f^^ke plant of what ought to go W1 bleir,?>k .,Perfect blooms. A bud fm± i^°oin T1V a'^ra3rs develop into a' per- tk- 'y fnT." .rose blooms are required plen- 4fllllled oll. c,uttiug, the buds should not ofte too freely, as the smaller flowers ger ro 0 "est adapted for decoration, and (v,88 Very beautiful for this pur- fes, aiiri1 ^klrs sbould be picked off rose ^Ust r ^3' syringed, but this opera- oj. he avoided whfen the blooms are hw ^at h S0' careful rose grower will t..0l"e plants are quite free of insects v, ,0onis open, as then they can be iv riJt nt any unsightly associations, Cn^t^atelv tliev afford is inexpressible. Wl !ose,s Q° not suffer from being n,.a °f wood from six to eight be removed with each bloom ^juring the bush. ^Ul4j.e^Ucuinber8 in Frames. °PterL?UCUm^>er growers generally confine IOQs to frames. Cucumbers cannot bui°fn iQ. t^111 ear]y 311(1 late in tlie Hoi is n •°r midseason or summer fruit the JfUlte a* good as the best of glass- tjOP^ctlv raJl1'8 plants, if well cared for, grow in an^ bear enormously and a long l>C<S CeSSion- a profitable crop frame %nC commended, as a single (io^^ iight frame will often produce I>la • an!lS ^™t—indeed, I may say, ^d^ftarl .fiometmies hundiede. Those Kq, 8^>Avin .Ma"v now be bearing fruit Ml] in a ^^P^ition to grow very much, *L. *i<it be regulated, or good results At first about four main ta^en towards each corner soon as they reach these, be taken out of each shoot. «L^d fr, Uce the little growths to be be i/1, t^e main stems, and the point V Mitfc °ut of every one of them at from where they leave the ^J1 at 6 Tb'iy will produce one or more joij?? thev ? stop, and when growth begins fov. to vf. °uJd lie stopped again at the next ar i,0re-. This will make them most v Vill prevent them from being V^ig crowded by superfluous n.y'e sufficient water at the root to ill ? too rn'r ,c'ro°ping, but do not saturate Admit ventilation early on sunk'•(>1U'n^s' slightly from all ^^lJe'l'IlOftQ,rle, a.nd close them up early in • l>e -shut in the sun heat, and they *ftuck ?istened overhead at tliat time. "otter donfe in the afternoon than g. ^^a^est^a- Tetraptera. v^a-t ^ra,cefu%- growing, deciduous !!N> t is '"inately attains the form of a v°Mv ^ee LO,n™only known a« the "snow- Vs havft owjng to the rcsemblancfe its vCetl a w«H-known suawdrop. It .Profusion of flowers of late, and v!?l Is by j,!0 that condition arfe invariably J. It is not unlike cherry in »/4l)u'i%>lav the foliage is smaHer and the fop Vt,Ir'°re refined. It is a tr»jfe well- t9 8Bi^» n 05 of al1 sizes> an(1 it should 6 ^Uy planted than it is. 6^ 4*' ^Uo^19 Wilder Rose. V'*nt of^ generally termed a rose, :s Ol fw.f'Jsh fv,A afc description. It is a d<-ei- }~ Jts tl att<ains x height of ei^ht or •'ld, n^me is Viburnum Plica- V^^Vtk kiif. Wing called th'e Guilder >• oir WMtsun balls. This. I n to its producing its laige flowerb at the season of w^^HUiceaj 18 the only tree I know of vLC*11 ov«, "k"« of the sort. They t1.r., j/,0 tree in bwJls about tAs size V a ) "bt niJiklffi them >«5-y a ftr' drooping form. WSth* ^1 that"!p'0lM and are ^lleraI Wv I The pknt is »» and -,rill .t'.iooeed in all soils ^,0^y^?i!;y'5wl8- vwritxas "Heuwiiei**) have been well filled up of late. The hatching season has been a most successful one, and the chick3 are doing very well; but those with limited runs and who hare hatched many fowls will soon find their yards much crowded. This may be the origin of disease that will play sad' havoo unless the matter receives timely attention. As a rule, teveryone will be inclined to keep all the pullets they have bred. This, of course, doea not apply to the breeder for sale, but includes those who breed to produce a3 many eggs as possible with their surplus fowls for sale—the most general class of poultry-keepers. But there are the old fowls and the coolterels to deal with. The old fowls may have been laying well up to the present, but they will soon fall off in this, and then go into moult. It will be nearly half a year before they lay again, and I would like to ask if anyone can think that they will ever prove profitable again. I am fully of opinion they will not, as the older they become the fewer eggs will they average, and the less value they will be as table fowls. My advice, then is to kill off the majority of the old hens at once. They are in good condition now, but will not be so when they go into moult. If they are killed, dressed, and sold, they will fetch a remunerative pficv., and, above all, they will lessen the crowding in the poultry- yard, which is a thing to be most carefully guarded against where there are many young chickens growing up and requiring more accommodation. The hens being on the point of ceasing to lay, their being in good condi- tion now. and the young ones, from which future profit will be derived, requiring mors attention and room, ought, I feel sure, to be enough of inducement to poultry owners to kill off a quantity of their old hens. The same remarks apply to old cooks, as they are not nfeeded after this for breeding purposes. They will never be of more value than they are at present, and why keep them to eat a lot more food, from which there will be no return? It may be argued that such and such a fowl is too good, although old, to kill. That I do not credit. If the strain or birds are so good, the correct thing would be to breed from them, and get- up a. young hatch possessing the same merits; but old fowls will never pay, no matter how much they may excel in any particular quality. Then oome the cockerels. The earlier these can be got ready for the table the better, as they always fetdh a higher price when ready early. They, too, help to crowd the yard, and I strongly advise disposing of as many as possible when they are ready, as it is the young pullets that will become most profitable, and anything that will hinder the full develop- ment of these should not be tolerated. The Scarlet May Thorn. The double-flowering thorn—the old- fashioned May in everything but the form and colour of its blossom—is a most conspi- cuous flowerijlg bush or tree at the end of May and ply in June. The flowers are pro- duced in' profusion. They are quite double and a rich scarlet in colour. They are much more rich in colour than the single scarlet, and it is altogether a plant with a more striking character. It has an excellent habit of growth, aaid, I am sure, were it better known, it would be found in every park and garden. The sort named Paul's Variety is the best. Like other thorns, it will grow in all situations. The plants may be had of two types—dwarf bushes and others with stems from four to six feet high. It is the latter that make the most handsome tretes, but the former are better adapted for small gardens. It cannot be planted till the autumn, but its attractions at present call for comment. The Destructive Sparrow. To decide the old question whether sparrows are useful or harmful, the English ornitho- logist, Gurney, has had several hundred sparrows shot and their stomachs examined. The resulting observations (remarks the "Swiss Ornithological Journal") were that a grown-up spaiTow eats —Grain (wheat, rye, oats, preferred), 75 per cent.; wild weeds, 10 per cent. green peas. 4 per cent.; beetles, 3 per cent. caterpillars and grubs, 2 per cent. flying insects, 1 per cent. sundries, 5 per cent. This shows that the "vagabond among birds" principally mfckes his meals of corn. and is, therefore, not harmless. Most of all he lovfcs wheat; he also likes rye and oa.ts. Barley is only acceptable when other grains cannot be got. A grown-up sparrow eats twenty-five grains of wheat, &c., per day on an average, which makes per year 9 000 grains, or nearly half a pound of corn. If one reckons the countless millions of these birds which live in Germany alone, many thousand hiuidi edweights of corn are con- sumed every year, and the damage is con- siderable. Should we, therefore, commence a campaign of extermination against these birds ? Von Homeyer also calculates the damage done by each sparrow family at two or three shillings per year. Yet we ought to b9 oarfefui- In many pa.ts of Germary the sparrow is almost the only insect-eating bird. Were he suddenly exterminated, our trees and shrubs would bte destroyed by caterpillars. A good plan would be to set up homes for swallows, finches, and tits before doing away with chaster cock sparrow. Crowding Vegetables. In a season like the present, when growth is very luxuriant, all kinds of vegetables are apt to be very crowded. The majority of them are sown in rows or in beds broadcast. Some are drawn from there and transplanted else- v.her'e. Others, such as turnips, carrots, beet- root, spinach, salsify, carrots, and such like, airs allowed to grow on to maturity where they were sown, and it is these that are so apt to suffer from overcrowding. It is one of the greatest mistakes that can be made with them. as it ruins them for bearing full crops or a full weight of produce. The plants are drawn up weakly, and after that it is quite impos- sible to get them to assume a robust form of growth. When thinning is neglected till they are drawn up quite tall, and then the surplus plants are removed, those remaining generally fall over and become twisted. This. I need hardly say, hinders their development very much" at a time when it ought to be in full progress. The best crops are invariably pro- duced by plants that require thinning, if this operation is attended to as early as the plants can be conveniently handled. They may be thinned out then to half the distance it is intended they should grow apart ultimately, and they should be thinned again as soon as the foliage mfcets. It is impossible to over- estimate the importance of giving all crops this attention, as the plants will then assume a robust form from the first and bear to their utmost. Plants which are givfen plenty of room from the first rarely suffer from insects at either root or leaf. and thinning may well be regarded as the most important of all their cultural requirements. Weeds, too, wnich are unusually plentiful just at present, should be removed from all young plants, so as to admit plenty of sunshine and air to the young crops. Runner Beans. This is one of the most important crops that can be grown. especially in a small garden, as the plants furnish such a long succession of pods. Those which oome into bearing at the end of July will continue to flower and fruit till the middle of September. No other vege- table is so prolific. The runner bean is always acceptable, and is very ohoice compared with some productions. It will not bear any fiost, but, as a rule, the pods continue to form till well into October, or. if the autumn is mild, into November. But the first sown plants will not bear till then, and it is aJways a good plan to sow a few rows to be sin bear- ing in September, and then the plants will be in full vigour in October As it. take* them about twelve weeks to get in pod aftf" sowing, the late crop should be sown now. and all who do so will have a good supply, so long as it is possible to have them. Profitable Cows. The "Times" observes:—In the red-polled herd of cattle belonging to Mr. Alf: ed I. S iiith. of Rendlesham, Woodbridge, Suffolk. the milk yields have been recorded daily since October. 1889. Last year the average for 22 cows was 6.3741b. or about 630 gallons per head per annum. In 1895 the average for 25 cows was 6.4391b., or 640 gallons: while in 1894 the average for 23 cows worked out at 6.3251b., or 630 gallons. The best cow in 1896 was the sbven-year-old Fresh Fuss, which gave, after her fourth calf, 930 gallons after her third calf 612 gallons; after her second calf. 670 gallons; and after her first calf, 620 gallons. This herd has lately been much .11 drawn upon for Argentina. Mr. R. Harvey Mason's herd at Necton Hall gave last year an average yield of 485 gallons over 24 oo ws, each of which had produced more than one calf. In the herd of Lord Hastings, at Melton Constable, the 1896 average over eleven cows was 518 gallons. Lord Roths- child's herd at Tiing Park. the cows in which have htyju seWWl and are being bred espe- cially for their culk producing qualities, gave an av«r:tg'.> yield in 1896 of 690 gallons over 137 head. Four of these gave upwards of 1 000 gallons eaoh. three yielded over 900 galloiiB, four over 800 gallons, and six over 700 gallons. One cow. introduced into the herd last year, gave no less than 950 gallons of mrlk in seven months, after producing her fifth cali. Lord Bathurst's small herd at Cireuowter Park gave an average yield in 1896 of 7,9881b., or close upon 800 gallons per head over four cows. If w* include with the foregoing tb« yields of Mr. C. F. New- I tek's herd at Safcim Tooey, Norfolk; Mr. H. P. Green's herd at Caistor Hall, Norwich; Mrs. J. B. Ghevalli'ers herd at Aspall Hall, Suffolk; Mr. F. Colman's herd at North Park, Epsom; and Lord Maurice Fitzgerald's herd at Johnstown Castle. Ireland, we get for the 253 cowis in these efeven herds, and in the Whittingham herd noticed last week, an average yield per head in 1896 of 5,ioolb., or about 570 gallons per annum. This average includes aH the cows in the herds which had produced more than one calf, and the result, while specially gratifying to red-polled breeders, will be studied with interest by dairy farmers generally.
.MANCHESTER UNITY ORDER OF…
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MANCHESTER UNITY ORDER OF ODDFELLOWS. EXPULSION OF WELSH LODGES. The proceedings of the Oddfellows Annual Moveable Committee were concluded in the Pavilion, Douglas, on Friday. Deputy Grand- master B Lukey, Canterbury, presided in the absence, through illness, of Grand Master Turner. The directors' report upon districts violating the laws of the order was considered, and it was resolved that unless Ashton, in Cheshire, Brimpi )ii, Horncastle, and Brecon districts satisfy the directors at their November board meting that they are complying with the rules of the order they be expelled. The direc- tors reported that they had expelled from tlie Unity tile Prince Howell the Good, Prosperity, and Perseverance Lodges, in the Blaenavon Di<tTK-: and the Farmers' Refuge Lodge, Liaatartffraid District, in accordance with the decision of the Bristol and Swansea annual meeting. The clause was adopted without dis- cussion. A petition from the Strangers' Refuge Lodge, Studiey District, asking the Unity to return the sum of £ 998 forfeited to the Unity in 1882 was acceded to. Mr. Warren (Stepney) proposed a resolution indignantly protesting against the action of companies and corporations of employers who make it a condition of employment that work- men entering their establishments shall be com- pelled, not only to join the benefit, provident, or accident fund attached to such works, but also to give up membership of Friendly Societies to which they have hitherto belonged; that in the opinion of this meeting such action con- stitutes an infringement of the rights and privi- leges of individuals, and an attack upon the Friend y Society movement generally and in- structs the board of directors to take energetic steps, either singly or in connection with other Friendly Societies, in order that such action by emp oyei s may be made an offence against the statute law.—Mr. Bourne (Cheltenham) seconded the resolution, which was carried unanimously. The Corresponding Secretary read the fol- lowing acknowledgment from her Majesty the Queen:- "Buckingham Palace. June 10.—The Private Secretary is commanded to fexpres6 the thanks of the Queen for the kind message of congra- tulations which you have forwarded to her Majesty." (Cheers.) The election of officers resulted as follows: —Mr, E. Lukey (Canterbury) was unani- mously elected Grand Master. The voting for Deputy Grand Master was: T. Edmond- son (Skipton), 243; T. Hughes (Llanelly)j 186; W. Vincent (West London). 53 and H. Woodeson (Portsmouth), 64. Mr. Edmond- son was declared elected amid cheers. The following were elected directors: Sidney Camp- kin (Cambridge), T. Walton (Southampton), T. Hughes (Llanelly), J. Diprose (North Lon- don), H. Flowers (Norwich), H. Woodeson (Portsmouth), C. Graham (Burton-on-Trent), R. Rushton (Accrington), and Orford White (Ipswich). The following were elected the investigation committee for next year: Messrs. Eastwood (Blackburn), Hind (Chesterfield), Mills (Chester), Main (Portsmouth), Holden (Saddleworth), Rust (Lynn), and Ware (Stepney). Mr. Ktockall (London) was re- elected Parliamentary agent, and Grand Master Lukey, Mr. Walton, and Mr. Collins (the corresponding secretary) were chosen as representatives to the next Friendly Societies' conference. The meeting made grants to local charities, and the proceedings terminated with the usual votes of thanks to the local committees and others.
WHY WOMEN ARE ATTRACTIVE.
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WHY WOMEN ARE ATTRAC- TIVE. Why is one woman attractive and another not r It isn't entirely a question of age, or features, or intellect. The most admirable and attractive thing about an attractive woman is her womanli- ness. Everybody admires a womanly woman. Slieimist bave health, of <"ourse, because without it she would lose the brightness of her eyes, the fulness of her cheeks, and her vivacity. Health brings all these things, but health means more thaa most people trunk of. If pale., nervous, aad weak, a woman lacks good Œ!ealth. Women wh • are pale and wan should not resort to iron, drugs, and tonics, except by the advice of a properly qualified medical man. They should try instead to nourish and build up their bloom by the vital nourishment imparted by Dr. Tibbies' Vi-Cocoa. And so rosy cheeks and comeliness may be attained. Surely, the road is pleasanter than the thorny and nasty paith paved with drugs. Nurse Tillotson, Alexander Hotel, St. Leonard's-on-Sea. writes: "I have tried Dr. Tibbies' Vi-Coooa, and like it very much. I shall have much pleasure in recommending it to my patients." Miss S. Percival, Post Office, Burgh, writes: —"I do not think any other can equal yours. My father has been taking ordinary cocoa, but I think Dr. Tibbies' Vi-Cocoa. is better. I will tell my friends of your Vi-Coco«u" Mrs. King, Linden Cottage. Wimbledon Hill, Surrey, writes:—"I think Dr. Tibbies' Vi- Cocoa ia delicious, and quite fulfils all said about it." MIS. Budden, Bradwardine, Bournemouth, writes:—"I am pleased with Dr. Tibbies' Vi- Cecoa, and like it, and will certainly use it in future." Merit, and merit alone, is what we claim for Pr. Tibbies' Vi-Cocoa, and we are prepared to send to any reader who names the "Weekly 51 ail" a dainty sample tin of Dr. Tibbies' Vi- Coooa free arid post paid. There is no magic in all this. It is a plain, honest, straightforward cffer. It is done to introduce the merits of Vi-Cocda into every home. Dr. Tibbies' Vi- Ci'tva. as a concentrated form of nourishment and vitality is invaluable; nay, more than this, fo>: to all who wish to face the strife and battle of life W'th greater endurance and more sus- tained exertion, it is absolutely indispensable. Dr. Tibbies' Vi-Coooa is made up in 6d. pf^ket?. and 9d. and Is. 6d. tins. It can be obtained from all chemists, grocers, and stores, or from Dr. T'bbles' Vi-Cocoa. (Limited). 60, 61. and 62. Bunhill-row, London, F.C. Write for free sample. L14168—4 -on Un t
DRUITXENITESS IN FLINTSHIRE.
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DRUITXENITESS IN FLINTSHIRE. At Thursday's meeting of the Flintshire County Council, held at Flint, under the presi- dency of Mr. W. Elwv Williams (Rhyl), Dr. J. Humphrey Williams (Flint) drew attention to a paragraph in the minutes of the standing joint committee suggesting that there had been an increase of drunkenness ..t Flin'b, and pointed out th&t a statement had been made from the magisterial bench that there was less drunken- ness in Flint now than ever before.—Polioe- superintondent J. Ivor Daviee (Mold) said the convictions for drunkenness were very few at Flint. In the previous quarter there were only two.—The Chief-constable (Major Webber) said there had certainly been an increase in the county.—Dt. Humphrey Williams said that the increased drunkenness had been attributed in some quarters to the extension of licensing h-ura by magistrates.—-Alderman Joseph Hall (Flint) supposed Dr. Williams was referring to the deci- sion of the Flint Borough Bench to grant an hour's extension on Jubilee Day to a Flint licensed victualler, but the magistrates could not see any reason for refusing that application. as it was an extraordinary day, which came oaly once in 60 years. (Laughter.)—The Cl^rk 'Mr. T. T. Kelly) suggested that it was undesirable to go into that matter, as the magistrates were perfectly entitled to use their own discretion.
NEW PIER AT THE MUMBLES.
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NEW PIER AT THE MUMBLES. The pleasure p:er which is m course of con- struction at the Mumbles is rn k'ng good i n- gress. It i3 to run out 300 yards, with five spans, and be 25ft. wide. It will stand 9ft. above high-water mark, and will enable plea- sure steamers of 9ft. draught to go alongside at Ir.w water spring tides. At the extremity will be a pavilion, and there w:ll be plenty of refresh- mei t-room accommodation. Such progress has been made with the w rk that 375ft. of the trelliswork stands hae been erected, ajid all the columns which will rest on the sand fixed. The remainder will be driven into the solid rock. and on Friday night Lady Jenkins per- formed the ceremony of driving the screw of the first of these columns into the rock. This cerp- mony Lady Jenkins performed very gracefully, in the presence of a number of the representa- tives of the company.
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EPPS'S COCOA —GllATEFUL AND COMFORTING. —"Uv a thorough kuuwledge of the natural laws which govern the opeiatioas of direction and nutri- tion, and by a careful application of the fine pto- pertiee of well-selected COCOA. Mr. Eppe has "ro- vided for our breakfast and supper a delicately flavoured beverage which may save U8 many heavy doctors' bills. It is by the judicious use of such articles of diet that & constitution may be gradua!;y built up until strong enough to resist every tendency to disease. We may escape many a fatal shaft bv keeping ourselves well fortified with pure blood "nd a propèrly nourished frame."—"Civil Service Gazette. —Made simply with boiling water or milk.—So;d omy in packets and pound tins, by Grocers, labelleri- • JAMliS EPl'S and CO. (LIMITED). Homoeopathic Chemists, London."—Also makers of Epps's Cocoaine or Oocoa-Nib Extract: A thin beverage of full flavour, now with many beneficially taking the place of tea. Its active principle being a gentle nerve stimulant, tuppties the needed energy without unduly exciting the system. 1.1112
WELSH INDUSTRIES. .
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WELSH INDUS- TRIES. THE STEEL AGE. DOWLAIS BY THE SEA. BY CHARLES WILKINS, F.G.S. Let anyone old enough re-call the memories of iron days, when the blast furnace was tapped, and out streamed a current of liquid iron, as ruddy as gold, sparkling as it ran, and casting off diamond-like gleams, the whole forming one of the striking scenes shown to the visitor in days when ironworks were regarded as wonders, and were visited by every tourist. Then, wheat the molten stream had sobered down and cooled. came another interesting event, the "breaking of the pig-" To do this effectuallyi two strong m £ »n wtre called into' requisition—men of the old iron t; pe, herculean in build, who wielded a double- handled hammer suoh as the majority of townsmen could scarcely move. This hammer, gripped vigorously, was lifted high and brought down with a crash, and, it must be added, with a "grunt" from the men, which saved their ohest from ill effects. New Dowlais has brushed aJI this picturesque scene a.way. The huge men, with open hirsute chests, the great labour, the ample draught that followed of fresh ale or tea—all this is done away with, and, instead, we have at new Dowlais an excellent mechanical arrangement, the patent of Messrs. Martin and James, called the Dowlais pig breaker. The weekly output of pig with moderate driving is about 1,300 tons. The bed of pig is exceptionally large, and its removal and breakage is a novel one, worth describing. Tii3 apparatus consists of quick running steam travelling cranes, which ply overhead, sweep- ing the whole surface of the pig bed. and con- veying away, as from a harvest field to the corn rick, the produoe. But the corn in this place is represented by "pigR," and the rick is the hydraulic breaker, which takes them literally in its jaws, crushes and drops them into a wagon, which as soon as laden runs away, and is re-placed by another. In front of the furnaces is located the un. covered casting floor, intersected by cinder tracks. The elevated crane to which I have referred runs from one end of the bed to the other on trucks parallel with the furnaces and entirely covering the casting floors. The time of operation is told by the pigs being suffi- ciently cool to be handled, and the way they are lifted out of their beds, removed stacked, and conveyed to the breaker is novel and inte- resting. All who have seen the process admire the automatic ingenuity shown. Lately an American expert was present, and his high estimate may be accepted as gratifying, coming from one familiar with many of the latest and best scientific and mechanical appliances. Another improvement is to be noted in the handling of the refuse slag. The old means was to convey this in trams in a heated condi- tion. the motive power horses, and the condition of the hindmost may be imagined, perched close to a heated mass. Horse labour, however, in this case, is everywhere generally abandoned, light and useful loco- motives re-placing them. At new Dowlais the slag from the blast furnace is removed in ladles mounted on carriages, which tip it side- ways while in a molten state whenever it is required. As may be imagined, engine power is one of tho great features of the works. That which poor man and poorer horse had to do is now done by the new creations, which only need water and oil. And how tirelessly they work There is no lying down to rest, no breaking off at fixed times, as soon as the band upon the clock shows the time; no giving up for the night, no delay from sickness, or holidays, or for any one of the dozen pursuits in life which take away labour from the mills to the wells or to eisteddfodau Never was a form of labour so strong, so willing, so tractable. Only a little oil and plenty of water, and you have a faithful servitor in these new creations, which outlast muscle in durability, as they do in power, and only give way at length to actual decay. Let us notice briefly a. few of the leading "powers," and when we say that Kitson and Adamson are well represented no other eulogium is required. There are two pairs of geared rolling mill engines, constructed by Adamson. Both pairs are similar in design and construction, and only differ in the sizes of their cylinders, the smaller pair put down being used for driving the slabbing mill, having cylinders 48in. by 60in. stroke, while the latter pair are used "for driving the plate mills, and have cylinders Min. diameter by 60in. stroke. Both engines are geared to the mill shafts by gearing having a ratio two to one. Gearing is in cast steel, motion and crank shaft of forged steel, and all in excellent harmony as regards proportions and efficiency. The total delivered weight of these engines is about 280 tons, a.nd one can understand the difficulty of finding a "bed" for these on the maivshy shores. T&e chief mechanical feature of the engines lies in the novelty of the valves and gear adopted, which are of the patent and improved: Wheelock type, of which Messrs. Adamson are the only manufacturers in Grfeat Britain. A scientific critic lately examining them, and at home in all technical details, remarked of them that they were extremely easy to handle, quick in reversing, and capable of "being run at high speed, owing to their extremely light running valves and gear; also, that these particular engines were the largest of their class, and a<s excellent in special power and characteristics for quick runmng, rever- sing, and high speeds as any in the kingdom. The pumping machinery includes two com- pound pumping engines for the furnace and mineral hoists, each having a capacity of 1.500 gallons per minute; six compound pumping engines for tuyere and cooler water, each having a capacity of 400 gallons per minute two compound boiler feed pumps, each capable of delivering 100 gallons per minute at the full boiler pressure. The steel boilers, twelve in number. a.re of the ordinary double- flued Lancashire pattern. 8ft. 6in. diameter and 30ft. long, work at 1001b. pressure, and are gas fired. The boifer chimney is 240ft. high, with an ineide diameter of 13ft. fun. at the top. Everything is on a bold and large scale, and in thorough agreement. The hydraulic and electric light houses contain one double tandem compound hydraulic pumping engine, each delivering 100 gallons per minute. There are also two single tandem compound engines. All the hydraulic pumping engines work at a pressure of 7501b. per square inch, and there is an independent surface condensing plant for the hvdraulio and electric light^engines. Here, all in the best steel worke, it is inte- resting to note how admirably mechanical labour comes in to save poor humanity. A 30 ton electrically-driven crane is placed above the charging platform of the furnaces. In front a.re two sets of vertical heating fur- naces for ingots. The ingots when cast, weighing about six tons each. are removed from the casting pit by a steam crane, and lowered into the vertical ingot heating fur- naces. Another steam crante raises the ingot from the heating furnaces, and places it on a hydraulic tilter which lowers it on to the rollers of the slabbing mill where it is reduced to a slab of the desired thickness and width. The rolls of this mill are 36in. centres, and can edge slabs 3ft. 6in. wide. One of the chief objects m view when designing the new Dowlais Works was to pro- vide an open hearth steel plant of the most mcdern type. so that the company might he in a position to compete with Scotland and the North of England in the steadily growing demand for steel plates. The plant erected for this purpose embraces six 3D-ton Siemtens melting furnaces, charged, as I have stated, by a 30-ton electrically-driven crane. Two sets of vertical heating furnaces are worked in connection with the melting furnaces, each having ten holes and fitted with Siemens'1 regenerators and valves. Ingham's gas pro- ducers are used to supply the necessary heat, and they are fed by mechanical stokers. The slabbing or blooming mill has rolls of 36in. centres, and, as I have stated, can edge slabs 3ft. 6in. wide. The bloom is cut by a shear, designed to cut 3ft. 6in. wide and lOin. thick. The cut blooms are removed to the re-heating furnaces by a circular caarger, which can draw and charge blooms up to six tons. Finally, this charger is so placed as to take the blooms from the blooming mill, and charge them into the re-heating furnaces, and after- wards to take them from these furnaces and place them as live rollers of the plate mill, the rolls of which are 32in. diameter and 9ft. long. We should weary by going into every detail of these elaborately constructed works, which will attain full dimensions and the special objects for which designed when, close at hand, we have a large shipbuilding industry. Plates for shipbuilding was the chief idea of the designers, not simply, as in the ordinary run of work. pig and bar and rail, but plates. Cardiff aims to realise this. It has laid down prospective arrangements for a population of 400.000 people, and. however rapidly the in- crease may go on in the old rut, a great spurt would unquestionably be given by adding to the new Dowlais Steel Works "a1 colossal shipbuilding industry, not necessarily run by the same company, but in such juxta- position that the cost of labour in serving plates might be minimised. The promoters of Dowlais by the sea have done great service to humanity by placing steel to do the work of muscle, and getting unwearied mechanical stoking and other labour of an automatic kind to relieve labour; but it will achieve still greater good when it has roused into being a sister industry, aiding in creating from the very ore brought over the sea "things of life to walk the ocean," taking awav our natural riches, and bringing in exchange'those of other lands. New Dowlais Works were resolved upon in 1887, a site for land secured on the marehes, and in 1891 the works were formally opened; although their completion is not yet accom- plished, and the grand spectacle of a complete opening is reserved for some time yet. The principal personages at the preliminary open- ing six years ago were the Marquess of Bute and Lady Bute, accompanied by their daughter, Lady Margaret Crichton Stuart; their sons, tlie Earl of Dumfries and Lord Ninian Stuart; by Lord and Lady Wimbome, Lord E. Talbot, the Hon. W. Ryder, Sir W. T. Lewis, and others. The party were first conducted to the Siemens steel plant, and then to the engine-house. Here Lord Bute started the new engine amid cheers. Lord Wimiborne then set in motion engine No. 2, which led to similar applause. Mr. G. T. Clark, assisted by the Earl o.f Dumfries and Lord Ninian Stuart then started the third engine amidst hearty cheering from the assembled spectators. The tinal proceedings were the ascending to the furnaces, where the working of the huge hydraulic gantry was noted. Ascending a gangway by Lady Bute, who started the hot blast of No. 1 furnace by the mere touching of a wheel, and Lady Bute in a similar manner starting No. 2, this closed the momentous proceedings,inaugurating the beginning under auspicious circumstances of Dowlais by the sea. (Cyfarthfa next week.)
TWO SORTS OF BELLOWS.
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TWO SORTS OF BELLOWS. The blacksmith stands blowing his fire. What long sweeps he takes with his lever! Now up above his head, now down to his knees. And the fire—how it gnaps and roars! The great bellows open wide to suck in the air, and then the weights press it out through the nozzle. But suppose some morning the bellows had but three or four inches "play." Somebody has tampered with them. Their movement is re- stricted bv a cord or a stick. The blacksmith looks to N. and iinds it so. The bellows have what, in a pair of human lunsrs, we call an attack of asthma; that is, difficult breathing. For the lungs are a. pair of bellows. Their business is to inhale and exhale air. hen they work well the blood is supplied wilh oxygen, which unites with the carbon to maka a slow fire, and ;;0 keep us warm. There isn't n-uch feeling in the lungs; in that respect they are like the smith's bellows. But when they stop we die, and even when they work badly the owner has trouble right off. This is happening to people ail the time, and among them lately was Mr. W. Stephen, of Bogside Cottage, Rayne. near Inscli, Aberdeen- shire. "My breathing became so bad, he says, I thought I should suffocate." That was a feeling to scare a man. He consulted a doctor, and the doctor gave him medicines and applied blisters. Inhalations were also tried, but no particular good came from any of *he<w %ings. Time ran along, as it always does, and Mr. Stephen found himself very. verv weak and growing weaker. In fact. as he says him- self, he could scarcely move about. The doctor said his patient had chronic bron- chitis. Now, bronchitis is an inflammation of the big tubes that lead in among the cells of the lungs. They are like the branches of a bush after you leave the main trunk that stands on the ground. Bronchitis is caused by some long-tolerated impurity of the blood suddenly developed by a cold. This may easily set up a derangement of the nerves of the lungs—the nerves of motion—and the lungs partially col- lapse and we have asthma. So you see that the two complaints belong to the same family, and are likely to act together in mating mis- chief. Now let us hear again from Mr. Stephen. He says his illness began back in June, 1890. At first he merely felt out of sorts, just as the weather seems to feel when it is getting readv to give us a bad storm. Outside and inside Nature is quite as Tood to us as we deserve— she gives notice of the ooming evil. But we don't sea or we don't care. All the worse for us. Our friend had no lung trouble at first. His stomach appeared to be at fault. When he ate he almost immediately suffered from pain and tightness at the chest and palpitation of the heart. After this came the bronchitis and the asthma. Well. We now quote from a letter dated from his home, August 23rd. 1893:—"After suffering for nine months—all that time not able to work—and no treatment doing me any good, 1 made up my mind to try a. medicine that had benefited my wife—namely. Mother Seisrol's Curative Syrup. I did w, and in a few days I felt better: my breathing was easier, my appetite returned, and I digested my food. Indeed, I was soon as strong as ever, and went back to work. Then mv daughter, who had been ill for years, took the Syrup, and a few bottles made her strong and robust. You _TI3V print this statement if you wish.—(Signed) W. Stephen." Now, to sum up. There was nothing the matter with Mr. Stephen's lungs—that is. nothing organic. Both the bronchitis and the asthma- were symptoms of hi" real complaint, indigestion and dyspepsia, which was the source of the impurities mentioned. When the remedv had removed this, and also put his stomach and liver in order, the lungs worked with their natural sweep and power. So-called lung diseases—even alleged con- nine times in ten merely symp- toms of bad digestion and foul blood. Bear that fact in mind. L501
ECCLESIASTICAL NEWS.
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ECCLESIASTICAL NEWS. DIOCESE OF ST. DAVITl'S. At a general ordination held by the Lord Bishop of St David's at the Parish Church of Abergwili on Trinity Sunday the following were ordained deacons and licensed to curacies:— Algernon Holland Oolvile, B.A., Martea College, Oxford, to the curacy of Llaudingat, Carmarthen- shire. Harold Frederic Grafton Curgenven, of St. John's College, Oxford, and of Salisbury Theological College, to the curacy of Lau^harzie with LlIUl- sadwmen, Carmarthenshire. William Davies, B.A., St. David's College, Lampeter to the curacy of Llangattock with Llaugenny, Breeoashire. Lewis Morris, B.A., St. David's College, Lampeter, to the curacy of LlanllwuluLarn, Cardiganshire. The following were ordained priests David Itees Jones, B.A. St. David's College, Lam. peter, curate of Llaniihangel Aberbythick, Carmar- thenshire Daniel Owen Matuden, B.A., Jesua College, Oxford, curate of Holy Trinity, Swansea, Glamorganshire. Thomas James Naeli, B.A., Trinity Ooilege, Dublin, curate of All Saints', Oystermouth, Glamorganshire Thomas Nicklin, M.A.. St. John the Lvangeliflt Cam- bridge, curate of Llaadingat. Carmarthenshire. Ebenezer llichaixls. Lie. in Div., St. David's Col- lege, Lampeter, curate of Neveru, Pembrokeshire Etnry John Stewart, B.A., St. David's College. Lam- peter, cur.ite of Llandyseul, Cardiganshire. Mr. Colvile was the gospeller, and the sermon was preached by the Rev. C. G. BroNn, M.A., principal of tlie South Walem &nd MojMaouthahire Training College.
EXTRAORDINARY CASE AT CHELXjwCAM.
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EXTRAORDINARY CASE AT CHELXjwCAM. £50,000 LOST IK EIGHT YEARS. At the Cheltenham Bankruptcy-court cia Xhuisaay (ueturo Air. lu-guu-ar W'uiams) Lgoert j.' ox, 2J, gentleman, 01 tiiantou Rectory. ne«u' tviie-tejiiiaUi, c.uiie up for examination, liki unsecured liaLm.lies amount to £ 4,4-^8, and there are preferential i-iaim* of £141. The estate is e6t.iiua.ied to yield £4,37 19s., the defi- ciency Uius being £ bUl. Leotor stated that when he came ui age tie indented £ 50,9oi iu Consols, uiiuer his tamer's will, and uiat wis he rea.ibud. at s>45,y40, investing the proceeds m otiier securities. irom time to time he had drawn 011 his capital, until, at the tji-gimung of tins year, ne found he had exhausted it, so far as the securities were cuiieerned, before he w&a aware of the fact. 11 is chief losses had been aware of the fact. it is chief losses had been through money-lending, horse-racing, and farm- ing. He estimated he bad Jost £ 7,000 or £ 8.000 througn lending money without security j»:id the borrowers getting into me bankruptcy -court. His biiis tor wine, spirits, and beer smounted to £ 1,0/0, and he explained this Dy Buying he kept practically open house, and, hi" butler having tlie key of the cellar, anyone who CAILUI a-ong could have drinks. According to his deficiency ao--»nc, a yeir ago lie w.<<! £ 10,003 to the good, */><: bad in the interval a.* j reoei- xl £ 1,500. lie had, boweser, incurred J23.500 in household and family expenses, last £ 500 ii farming, in horse-racing and ilioney- lending, a good deal of the latter sum be in* lost in betting, lie hnd bet as much as 27ZO or £ 300 at one time, and hoth nt Goodwo;>d end I I.caster had lost over £ 1,000. He Dorw kept a book but backed his own wbioh had had bad luck. Practical.y he lost at every race meetim? lie attended. It had r.C!r struck hiin till now that he was wasting Lis monev by batting1 in this way. In eight years he had lost £ 50.000, and was now in a deficiency of £600. The examination was adjourned pending the creditors' decision on an offer of a coir:p-3«lion of 15s. in the £
DIOCESE OF LLANDAFF.
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DIOCESE OF LLANDAFF. The Lord Bishop of Llandaff held a general ordina- tion in St. Peter's Church, Pentre, on Sunday morn- ing, wben UiO toiiowing g»nt:emea were ortiaiinad DEACONS. Hcratio DaviJ Beynon, B A., Durham University David Evaua, Lie. Div., St. David's College, LnIDf¡,ter. Arthur Gould, Lincoln Theological Ooilege. Then as Lewis Jones, B A., St. David's College, Lamicter. Stephen Verner Purcell, B.A., Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Edward Peter ltowland, a literate. Walter Went worth Scott, B.A., St. David's College, Lampeter, and St Michaei 3 College, Abe. dare. Evan Thomas, B.A., Gonville aud Gaiua College, Cambridge. Tii(.nas Walters, EA., St. David's College, Lam- peter, and St. Michael's Coliege, Aberdare. PlilEo'J'S. William Jenkins Dav.e.s, B.A., London University and St. Michael's College, Aberdare. David Jenkin Morgan Jenkins, B.A., St. David's College, Lampeter. Samuel Edwin Paling, St. Bees College, Cumber- land. Isaiah Roberts, B.A., St. Catherine's College, Cam- bridge. ltuvmond Cecil Turner, Worcester College, Oxford, and "Chielieiter Theological College. Lewis Henry Waiters, B.A., St. Dav.d's College, Lampeter. William Thomas Watson, Lie. Div., St. Davids College, Lampeter. The preacher was the Rev. Precentor Lewis, R.D. vicar of Ystradyfodwg, and the Gospel was read by Mr Purcell. Tin bishop afterwards licensed to curacies as fol- lows — Horatio David Beynon, B.A., Blaenavon with Capel K l' Ylld. David Evans, lie. Div., Bedwne with Rudry. Arthur Gould, St. Saviour's, Cardiff. ThomM Lewis Jones, B.A., Givntaff. Stephen Vemer Purcell, B.A., Neath with Llantwit Edward Peter Rowland. St. Augwtine's, Penarth. Walter Wentworth Scott, B.A., Llantwit Major. Evan Thomas, B.A.. Neath with Llantwit. Thomas Walters, B.A., St. Bride's Minor.
THE NEW LEMONADE.
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THE NEW LEMONADE. Many people suffer from extreme thirst during the hot weather. Messrs. FOSTKR CLARK and CO. have supplied the want that has so long been felt by making a concen trated lemonade. It is made from the finest lemons, and the great advantage is that it is 1 partly manufactured in Italy, in the midst of tho len:on orchards. The lemons are taken direct ftom the trees to the factory to com- mence theiv transformation into the Eiffel Towei Concent-rated Lemonade. You can get thirty-two tumblers (or two gallons) for four- pence hclfpenny If you cannot get it from your Grocer send sixpence to G. FOSTEH CLARK a.nd Co., 365, Eiffel Tower Factory, Maidstone. L1755
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lo/s J JOHN NOBLE III/Q EBB BALF-80IKEA AND VICTORIA! READY-MADE OR TO MEASURE, Jit COSTUMES # IT RE&DY-MADE OR TO MEASURE, sent by Parcel Post direct from ffhrrt fill t&fgeet Fitmjtf Coa>turrt» and who have set t heir faces dead again the sweating sv practised s elm by Orms in London aaeisev,,here. ItPt5ffAD 27 years vast expenence and m. in, &2M- careful study of Cx en ab es ohn N,)ble Ltd[., to a Half-duinea Costuine with which the dresSes of twitators,,areun- wort y 0 compare in a y si gle way. THE, SESST PROOF Er Noble a UCCESS IN P! I N IG FAITH with th ePublic to ahown by the fact that the Firm haa nearly A MILUOIII REGULAR o. their -a. viceablecos- Model 6s *New Bolero Design. ^°sgL.jf well-cut and smartly-made Bodice, AfipHHRBV s i trimmed two rows wave braid to form sty:ish 1 A/C Bolero, latest IMHBmr Drettilvtriw 0^003* and skirt The coat ha» peeves tailor IU/0-made skirt wi thlatest 8lt*ve» 1 K/ and cuffs Tke Price only 10/6. Safely packed and wMtaKlgnl ^old silk iskirt is full I D/-wide. The earnage paid ior 9d. extra. Slprfc K braid suit carefully finished. Price alone for 5 6, carriage 6d. extra, Sizes&priees15 safely packed in leather-board THE JOHITNOBLE MBH 31 24 27 •_ M s/o 3 44/4oca RICH NEW DRESS FABRICS 1/6 KNOCKABOUT FROCKS 1/61 33 36 39 ms:A box of i.000 Patterns o Tweeds, TSbj «/6 63 ?/- ea HomeswiBS.Silks.fltc., in a variety P°r or School wear, Wl rich ^dIqurings, sent Post Fr« £ size 21 inchesjongr In front. 16. jd. extra, on approval. 6 for every three inchca — i-f ■ longer. Carriage 4«d. ^SJS Please Mention thla Newspaper — —,— "f when writing* COLOURS: All the fame", JOItIl Noble Half-Guinea aid Victorian Costomei are made to the folUwInf cvlrara Black, Navv, Br»nie, F.rowp.A in the most popular shade of the leason,Royal Pnrple.Kuby, Myrtle,Cinnamon,Electil^, Fawn, or Grey. SIZES in Stock are 34, 36, 38 ins. round bust under arms, skirt beinR 38, 40, 42 in*, long la CAlI" Larger or Special Sites. 1 6 extra. All these costumes are made up in Two excellent Fabrics I.—John NobT Cheviot Serge, a durable, weighty, good-lookine fabric, and in II.—John Noble New Costume Ooatlng, a lighter weight. Fashionable, smooth surtaced oloth for present wear. The Latest Book of Costumes for Ladies and Children, together with patterns of both these la one* fa; all their colourings, sent free and need not be returned. Bankers: London and Midland" Bank-; JOHN NOBLE LTD., MANCHESTER.) 8-7013K- STREET MILLS, mm
INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION.
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INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION. GLAMORGAN COUNTY GOVERNING BODY AND THE ACT. A meeting of the Glamorgan County Govern- ing Body was held on Friday at the County Cltices, Cardiff, Alderman Aaron Davies pro- s.diug.—Mr. Owen Owen, chief inspector of Welsh intermediate schools, attended and gave his imprassions generally of the schools he nad visited—about half of tne total number in the county. In a valuable and suggestive speech upon educational matters, Mr. Owen suggested the provision of recreation grounds for cricket, football, and golf. He went on to say, also, that he would encourage teachers who wished to teach foreign languages to spend some weeks on the Continent, as they did to acquire a knowledge of manual training. A few weeks on the Continent would suffice to do that which was necessary for Bioro effective teaching iii the case of those teachers whose knowledge of the language Wail adequate in other respects. Taking iiito consideration the difficulties of tne new schools, they had laid down already the lines of au effective educational organisation, considering the short time that had been available for the purpose. All around there was a great deal of «fc.gtrnese to do much within a minumuin of time Old fashioned accom- plishments, he feared, might run the risk of being elbowetd out of the curriculum, owing to the multiplicity of subjects. There was dauger lest such matters as good handwriting and correct apeJing might suffer. He suggested that they should always take stock of the power of a school in the matter of writing and spelling, and make some provision at once to see t'-at those below a fair standard received special attention in this departmimt, so that the schools might be above criticism. A longer stay in the schools should also be encouraged in the best interests of education. Under the scheme they had a considerable power of assisting scattered dis- tricts by meaxis of bursaries, and he specified Gowerton as osse distriot requiring special tret t- ment in this nespect. He next made some congratulatory comments on the inculcation in the schools of the principles of music, not merely in the teaching of songs but 111 work of a moz-a lasting and abiding character. He had been impressed by correct intonation even more thajn by precision in point of time. The introduction of a system of musical drill might, perhaps, improve the time. He was glad to notice efforts to make the studies in- teresting to the children, whose ap- pearance convinced him that they were certainly not miserable in tlJt':r work. He -did not t-hink the highest results could be obtained unless they succeeded in making the work pleasant. He had not noticed a marked movement in the direction of the 'c adornment of liie walls with pictures; and in this connection he Pointed out that if they beau- tified the Bchorjis it should be with productions of recognised worth. In one school there was a liberal suppiy of notice boards: and he thought weekly or fortnightly lists might be put un as a stimulus to enc«jra"-e emulation and to broaden the character of the school as a public institution. He was glad the study of Welsh was encouraged in many distriists, not merely for sentimental reasons, but all an instr they could not afford to neglect in the matter of acquiring lan- guages. The sjaidy of Welsh helped in the pro- cess of linguistic training. (Hear, hear.) It w-is difficult to teach a subject without illustra- tions. and he pointed out that manual dexterity was not alwnvs (accompanied by power of exposi- tion.Principal Viriamu Jones strongly favoured the idea of inarb works of art in the schools.— The Chairman, in proposing a vote of thanks to Mr. Owen far his valuable address, said edu- cational prospects in the oountv were rirtet hopeful and prosperous.—Principal Viriamu Jones recorded the vote cordially, and it was adopted.—Miss Hughes mentioned that courses of study in the acquisition of languages were available in France pnd Germany, and it was decided to get information therein—The clerk (Mr. W. E. R. Allen) wae instructed to get 'o the information isefore the vacation as to classes for teaching ab»road, ?nd circulate the sama air.cng the various schools.—The question of supplying works of art wad Teferred to the finance and standing orders committee.—The Clerk leported Jihat he ho:¡d received petitions as to fhe situation of the Gellig-aer alld Rhinos Connfy School for Girls, and he was requested to inform the pe citiur.ers that the matter could not be properly brought before the eountv ew em in 3- hodv until the scheme had been for- n i lated bv tJ-e G'plli?apr local Rcbc)ol lnrmpers. -The cleric was instructed to obtain from the schools informatpon as to anv remote places in the district in rv?i?r»ect of wh:ch they thought bursaries ought to be awarded, so as to en:Jhle children to ;pt te, the schools.—This concluded th? public business.
CARDIFF FESTIVAL.
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CARDIFF FESTIVAL. GXTABANTEB FUND ONE THOUr SAND HOUNDS SROBT. The question of the holding of the Cardiff Triennial Musioal Festival for 1898 now hangs in the balance, ari d, at a meeting of the provi- sional committee on Friday evening, an im- pcutant dfceiaion was arrived at, to which the attention of the Cardiff public is earnestly solicited by the promoters. Mr. Herbert Thompson pret*>aed, and there wttre also present Mr. G. A. Woods, Dr. Treasure, Mr. F. P. Hacquoil, Mr. D. W. Evans, Mr. Torn Evans, Mr. F. J, Snvth. and Messrs. Walter Scott and E. W. Waite, joint hon. secre- taries. It was reported that the guarantee fund stood at £ 2 000. which was £ 1.000 short of the minimum guarantee agreed .upon. Under the oircum- etanoes. it was resolved to abstain from pro- ceeding any further with the arrangements until the additional £ 1,000" hud been guaran- teed, and the meeting was adjourned for a month to see what response wou d be given to a final appeal, tins, opinion being expressed that if the public did not within that period evince sufficient interest in the festival to guarantee the required amount the committee would abandon the festival altogether.
WELSH IN TiHE LAW COURTS.
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WELSH IN TiHE LAW COURTS. TUB PRACTICE AT SWANSEA. We have authority for saying that the prac- tice at Swansea Policit-court in reference to the use of Welsh when needed is as follows: — When a witness is cadled into the witness-box a.t the police-court ia Swansea the Testament is placed in his hand, and the oath adminis- tered in English. But if he informs the court that he does not understand the oath so administered, and wishes to be sworn in Welsh, it is at once adtministered again in that language. The witness is then aeked whether he can speak English with sufficient eaee to enable him to give has evidence in that language. If he states; that he cannot do so an interpreter is called in aid, and renders all the Welsh evidence into English, and the notes are taken down in. that language. Every facility is given in all wcil cases to enable a witness to communicate his information natu- rally. easily, and fully, and a competent inter- preter ii provided without expense to the witness.
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LADDERS. —Ladders for Builders. Ptnatert, Plaa, terers, Farmers, Private lite. &c.. all ..lief. 4 Cottrell's old-eatabkahed Manufactory, Barfe-wr^t, Bristol- &3
WALES AND THE ROYAL STANDARD.
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WALES AND THE ROYAL STANDARD. MOVEMENT TO SECURE INCLU- SLON OF TRE FBINCIPAZ.ITY. A meeting of gentlemen who are interesting themselves u* the movement to secure the iuclu. taou of the arms of w alee in the itoval St&up dard and coinage of the United King-tom wa* held a. the University College, Cardiff, on Monday night, Mr. 1'. H. Thomas pretiiding.- '1 ne Cha-rnuin read letters from gentleineu who had been invited to join in the movement, fcii* W. T. Lawis wrote teat he had laid the matter before the Marquess of Bute, who concurred ia the suggestan. boxi VV incisor wrote that, while sympathising with the project, he thought a great cieal of difficulty would be encountered in bring ng it to a auccessful iss.ie, ow.n¡ to the fact that Wales had no national coat of am onLY tiiose of its separate Principalities. Lord Tredegar mentioned that Mrs. Herbert, of Llanover. wae interesting herself in the matter, and Lad beeii to the Heralds' College. He I thought some difficulty would be enoounterod owing to the bother of re-making old 8tandard. I and flags, but he sympathised with the idea. The Dean of St. Dav.d's wrote that he thought his countrymen would be greatly gratified al the movement, which would add eclat to the national celebration of the Queen's Jubilee. Other encouraging letters were received from Ct.lonel Bradney. Archdeacon Griffiths, Mr. Lascelles Oarr, Mr. John Duncan, and Mr. A. J. Williams, secretary of the Newport National Eisteddfod Committee, and the Chair* niaa remarked that the last-mentioned letter wu inipf rtant, because it might lead to an expression of the people's views on the subject at the forth. ooming Eisteddfod. LETTER FROM PORTCULLIS PURSUE VANT OF ARMS. The following interesting letter wm also laid on the table: — College of Arms, London, December 2D, 1831. BE WELSJ3 ARMS. My dear Sir ,-lu reply to your four quetttaoct, vijt. 1. Why should not Wales be represented on the National Standard of the United Kingdom and on our coinage? 2. If represented, what Coat of Arm should be usedi1 3. Ou which quarter of the Shield should the Welsh Arms be placed? 4. And how ought the subject to be broached? 1 There is nL reason that 1 am aware of why the Arms of Wales shuuld not be represented, if the Vrowu thinks tit to do uo. 2 Ii represented, 1 should say that the Anns of the last Dative I'nu^s, i.e., Llewelyn ap Griltiih, who died tightiug ior Welsh independence, should be the Anas u.-ed, ior many iea^uu>. Wateo. uk-Uc.< sn.all country, was, before the days of Roderick tha Great, diri'ied into tne three great. divisions of North Wales, South Wales, and Vowislaid, to say notl-isig ot the two lessei States 01 Aiuigauwir ajsd Fferlys. The first of theae three, Roderick, by naternal descent and marriage, beca*ne possessed ;f. but, on his death (circa 871 A.D.), be again sub- GILded Ins i'rincijisuny, tind tiont mai, utile each division wae governed by a separate Prince, and each Prince hai a separate Arms, and I do not know of any National Coat borne by Wales as a whole during tins t.nie, whereas Llewe.yn. wiiu niiuit- ,m stand tor National Independence, fought with at least the sympathy of the country as a nation. His Ann., were, quanerly gules and or Jour HÛ4 V&d. sant :ar<b.nt counter-changed. 3. Tlie moat fitting niaee for the Welsh Arma would bf. I take it, in the second quarter, as Wales is an earlier alliance than Scotland. 4. The Arms of Gr,,¡Ü Biitain and Ireland were settied by an Order of Council, and any aJteration in them would have to be made by the Mine ar«ho> rity I am, dear sir, yours TftTy truly. T. M JOSEPH WAIKIX (Portcullis). T. C. Thom-M, Esq. —Mr. J. L. Wheatley (fcown-clerk) mentioned that the Corporation of Cardiff ha.d just sent circulars inviting co-operation to the county and borough municipal au.horitie# of Wales. No replies had yet been received.—After s me discussion on this point it was resolved to ask the corporation to ex.end this invitation to dis- trict councils and various other public, but non. municipal, bodice in Wales. — On the motion of the Town-clerk, seconded by Councillor E. Ihomas, it was resolved to form the gentlemen constituting the meeting into a committee, with power to add to their cumber, to promote the movement for "securing for the Principa.ity of Wales emblematical representor tion upon tha Royal shield of arms of tlm United Kingdom and upon the coins of the realm." The sense of the meeting was in favour of the Corporation of Cardiff under- taking the invitations to the various authorities, the committee devoting itself to the getting up of the case for the inclusion.-It was re- solved to ask Lord Bute to become president of the committee, and Mr. T. C. Tb mists was appointed chairman.-—It wag further resolved, oil the motion of Dr. Tro- hirne, to invite ail the peers of Wales, whether territorial or by title, the members of Pailiae ment for Wales, and the chairmen of all th8 county c'nC(1ciis to jnir. the committee--—-Mr. Charles Morgan (Cardiff) was appointed score. tarv.Tlw» chairman was requested to bring the matter before the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, the Groreedd, the National Eis. teddfod Association, and the committee of Newport National Eisteddfod.
AN tyTRHESTtNG COMPANION.
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AN tyTRHESTtNG COMPANION. "TUB LADY'S COMl'A.MOV is a tHticg c, pc-nicn for wives and daughters. It contains a pleU lligli-cia-ss Story, the l'ractwal Articles on Is.eit aiahiujr, fit me Deeorai ions, Toilet, and Answers o« ail sufcjcctfl import-nit to ladies, unite it a useful an<| uitt renting book. Price Id, by post. 2/1 ~-IC CAJtTWUlUUX. 8> Johiiam'a-conrt, Fieetmu««L [ Undo* UUtt*