The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette

LITERATURE. TilE LIFE AND TIMES OF SIR WALTER RALEIGH, WITH Conors EXTRACTS FROM IIIS HISTORYOFTHE WOnLD. Hy Charles \V hitehead. London: Cooke. A very distinct narrative of the chief events in the life of this distinguished author, navigator, and politician. The greater portion of the present work has been adapted from others, and contains some errors but on the whole it is a book worth reading. DESCRIPTIVE AND HIST RICAL NOTICES OF NORTHUM- BERLAND CASTLES, CHURCHES, AND ANTIQUITIES. Third Series. By Win. Sidney Gibbon, Esq. London: Longman and Co. This is a very interesting work, introducing Brinkburn, Tynemouth, Hartlepool, Jarrow, and Naworth; and but for the Hiah Church prejudices which the author strongly shows would, no doubt, be extensively patronized.

LITERARY VARIETIES. PROGRESS OF .MELBOURNE. A recent emigrant to Australia writes so as to enahle us to give some interesting particulars as to the city of gold diggers. The main part of Melbourne comprises numerous streets, already densely crowded with houses, shops, and stone warehouses or storez but in pleasant vicinitv to the^ there are open spaces, such as Culton-gardens to the north, Fuzroy-square to the south, and Victoria-parade running diagonally between the two. The whole of the city is divided into sections, and each section is again subdivided into twenty allotments. Some idea of the extent of these sections and allotments may be had from details in refer- ence to the neighbourhood in which the writer resided, at the west end of the town. Between Spencer-street west- war. i, and Spline-street eastward, Collins-street to the north, and Flanders-street to the south, there are eight sections. Each section from west to east is 660 feet, and from north to south, 677 feet, including in the latter a little" street of 50 feet wIde, cut out of the section. All the streets not called little, are 100 feet wide. By these particulars," continues the writer, "you will be able to judge of the size ana extent of Melbourne, which, you will say, is a tolerably fine child tor its age." The division oftlie city into sections and allotments was made by the Government. Each allotment into which the sections are divided, except the corner one, is 66 feet wide, by 313 feet G inches deep. The corners are 15G feet 9 iudle, from north to south, and 132 feel from west to east. Labour is stsll very hieli at Melbourne. Bricklayers and masons are obtaining Irom 31N. to 3:is. a day carpenter", 25s. plas- terers. 4Q" If I wanted my rooms lathed and plastered," our friend add. they would cost me from 8.. to 10-. (1 y-ird—a fearful price." Re„ts are enormous The Mel- bourne Mommy Herald states, that a stone store near the wh irt, of 20 to :2.) feet frontage, letches £1.700 to £2,001) a year; and sums that bear no relation to auv scale, real or imaginary," it is added, have been paid for eligible sites for public-houses. Th-se seem to olfer the royal toad to fortune-making. There are over 230 public-houses in Mel- bourne alone. As for lodgings, it is a decided advantage for''four ur live respectable young men" to hive the bles- sing of a room to thetmel t es. Many new public insti- tutions and builiting" are talked of, and a few on the way to real isation. Amount tne buildings ppokto of we observe a piiject for building all exchan^a^ waterworks making good progress, custom-house talked ufo, a university not yet commenced," but the foundation about to be laid by the new governor, a plan for very extensive council chambers and (iflice- tor the two houses to be created under the new constitution decided oil, churches springing up everywhere, large hotels and scores buihiin; ike. Sec. In a piincipal t-treet, but not in the part of it, a ground-rent of E12 per foot per annum Was lately asked, and permanent build. ing stipulated lor; while at a distance of a mile a suburban eite, for temporary buildings, fetched £ 3 per foot per annum. Land in 8ourl<e-ftreet, now the second or third th¡""tI<F¡¡fare, was not long since sold for A;237 per foot. The Builder. beginning family prayer. The commencement of this sacred and delightful duty must olten be attendL-d with dilliculties, wilcle (In head of the family lias for years neglected it. "I have never done anything siuce I became a Cliristiari," writes one, which requires so much self-denial, and which was so truly a Le irmg of the cross, as beginning family worship. I lelt fiwt it was a duty, from the tin.e I devoted my»eif to the service of Christ; but I shrunk from its performance so paiutal.y, th;,t day alter day and week after week passed awav without my attempting it. At length conscience remonstrated so loudly, and inv conviction that it was a sin to neglect it so strong, I determined totnaketheettort to peifonn it the next morning, cost what it would. It occa- sioned mot a wakeful uight; a,ain and again I implored strength from on hijih. 1 was constitutionally timid, and when the morning came was much agitated. Before breakfast I said to my wife, « I feel, C-, as if we ought to have prayer in the faniiiv. We have all souls to be saved, and ueed God's blessing. I am sure you will object to it.' she replied, but the tune in which she said it was not encouraging. When we ro<e from the breakfast-table, it seemed to me the children had never been so noisy before, and it required an effort to request them to keep silence and be seated. They did bO, but 1 felt that their eyes were tiled wonderingly upon me. I took the large from the shelf and sat down. I wi.-hed to pre- lace the service with some remarks, but I could not trust my voice, and I opened the book and read the first chapter that presented itself. I then knelt, aud with faltering ■voice begin to address the Creator. But my hesitation soon passed off. I knew not why it was, but during the performance of this service, mysoul was so filled with thoughts of God's great goodness in permitting me to approach him. and to place myself and those dear to me under the shelter of his protecting love, that I forgot the presence of others, and poured out my heart in supplications for his blessing with as much freedom and fervour as I had ever done in secret. When I arose, 1 perceived my wife's eyes were moistened with tears. The conflict was over-the duty was entered on—and the peace which follows the consciousness of having done right, came into my heart. Prayer with ray beloved ones was no longer a burden, but a delightful privilege; and ere long I had the satislaction of knowing that the heart of my companion ascended ill full unison with my own to the throne of grace. I c m now speak freely in my family of the value and sweetness of this service, and to many of them I believe the hour of prayer has become one of the tno&t 1Ighly prized of all the day brings us.Sunday at Home. STRATFORD-ON-AVON. It is scarcely possible to enter Stratford-on-Avon without something like a feeling of reverence—such is the power of genius. We agree with the writer who m-iiutaiae-I thc-t there is no man living in the civilized world whose de- velopment has not been more or less affected by the writ- ings of Sliakspeare — 0 capacious soul, laced on this earth to ,ove and understand. And from thy presence shed the light of love;" How can we euimate the debt the world owes thee? The home < us boyhood, if not im birthplace, which has been purcnaed for the natiou ( we can scarcely say by the nation). is sadly devoid of material interest: it is unluckily, commou from jottoni to top, and has no one bit of beauty a carved ang e post or a good barge-board, or a nice bit of panelling inside, would have been invaluable. Nevertheless, it pos- sesses untying interest in its association, and should be most religious.y preserver. How to deal with it is of course a question, but it is a quest-on that should at once be con- sidered- Ihe rough cist is falling from the outside, and the wet gets admission. A crowd of thoughts press upon one in the litt-o white-washed and name-covered room, but we may not pau-e to give them utterauee. Awav. then. to the church, Yitli its beautiful avenue of trees and excellent outline. The ulterior was restored a tew years atro by poor E :i:,gton, of w orcester, 111 conjunction with Mr Britton, who laudably exerted himself to bring it about. Thewhole channel has become the poet's cenotaph, the central point the poet's bust. Jf Maloue could hear the abuse constantly showered 011 him for hiuing the colours with which the bust was originally painted in imitation of nature, b1 suudry coats of white, he would not rest quietly in his gr:ivtf. That the bust is a likeness scarcely admits of doubt, but we cannot s iy this of tiie casts of the bust which aie sent out to the world: the mould should be revised by a competent hand. John Combe's monument, on the north side of the altar and the inscribed stones in front of it, will detain you some little time; you should notice, too, the general arrangement of the clerestory, L ite Perpendicular, and some of the carv- ing scattered about.— The Builder.

FACTS AND SCRAPS. THE PITOI'OSED COLOSSAL STATUE OF SHAKSPEAUK.— A suggestion by a Frenchman, M. Chardignv, to erect a colossal cast-iron monument of Stukspeare, 100 teet high, has beeu r ceived with much flourish by both Euglish and French papers as an entirelv novel idea the truth how- ever, a very similar proposal was made some years ago, by either Mr. Cribb Robinson or the Hev, Joseph Hunter, we lor-et which, but it was allowed to fall dead. Cume from whence it may, we should be glad to see a fittiug natioual memorial of our greatest writer. Lives of great men all remind us W e can make cur lives sublime, And. departing, leave behind us ¥ootjJrmts on the sandlt of I;ole Footprints, that perhaps another Sailing o er life s solemn main, A forlorn and shipwrecked brother, Seeing shall take heart again." The Bllilder. A ViiTiiUAN IlAF.VESTEit.— Martha Harrison, who is 91 years ot age, is now harvesting for Air. John Scales, of Grange, near Barrisley, us gatherer. The woudertul old woqtan is in the field by 7 o'clock in the morning, as sprightly as a lark, aud braves the toil and heat ot the day as stoutly as the best of her jounger fellow-workers. Martha has ggvy beeO harvesting Cor tea TnE MARCH TO THE GRAVE.—What a mighty proces- sion has heell marching tnwards the grave during the last year At the u-'ual c<tlmate, since the fir<t of January 1853, morc than ;,H,50ù,OUO of the worlù's population have gone dowu lù the eafth again. Place them in a long array and they will give a moving column (If more thin thirteen hunùre,1 to eHry mile of tile globe's circumference Only think of it; pooder alld look upon these astouuJinc com- putations. \V'I1.,t a spectacle, as they" move on," tramp, tramp-forward upon this stupendous dead march! Life is short anù time is fleeting, And cur heurt", though strong and brave, Stid, like muilie.1 drums are beating Funeral marches to the grave. Why i, a person asking questions the strangest of all individuals ?-I3ecause he's the queri't. NAMES OF POETS ENIGMATICALLY BX- PRESSED. .An exclamation, and a kind of p;lstry I-Or¥. Tile characteristic uf ripe stone truir, and. a portion of land ? BLOOM FIELD. A dirly '1IIilllal-doubling the last letter?-HOGG. A color ?-GU.EY. Thing? that cannot be r<,caned, and another name for value?—WORDS woitTH. An advert) and a personal pronoun, doubling the last letter? — HOWITT. Fast talking aad a weight ?-CnATTERTON. Three-fourths of a beehive lor grinding and a weight? —MILTON. One ot the points of the compass and two-thirds of a member of the body ?-SOUTUEY. A violent movement aud aD article used in battle! —SHAKESTKARE. Four-sixths of a christian name and a relation ? — THOMPSON. A preposition and a conjunction reversed?—BTHON. Anauimal all,1 t\¡rce-9ixl hs of a human being I-COWPER. A counly in WaJes?-;UONTGOMERY. A sh"llli,;h and a verb (Ieuter?-CRABBE. A teifitory alld a preposition?-L.A.Nl)ON.

A LETTER FROM THE BAT, TIC. The following letter has been handed to 11!1 for inser- tion; and all it gives the opinions or a ,1 Jack Tar," we shall avail ourselves of the opportunity. It is written by Anraham Morgan, late of Cardiff: — St. Jean d' Acre, August 19th, 1854. Dear Frieo(h,-WlIh the belp of God I have taken the pleasure of writing you a few lines concerning my uwn he¡¡ltll, and alsu a little about the war up bere. The cholera has been through the Heet very heavy. We line lost a great,uumba of hands in a very lew days—burying three lIill1 lour every dioner time; but nuw everybody is very healthy. Ai for myself, to my great consolation, 1 have not been t.i the ooctor, nor had oue minute's illness, since I lelt Cardiff, and I hope you all enjoy the sapie health. We are I1JW laying at AI..uù Island: it belouged to the Swedish territory, but taken by the Russians owing to its being such a tine fruitful place. It is the best island all through the Baltic, and well forÜficù with large strong forts. Uur authorized oliicers uudentoo¡1 that it could not be takell by the shipping unly, becausc tnere was not water euough for tu ¡,:o withiu range to the fort-, therefore, 011 the 9th of this lI1,mlh, we lauded all our land forces safe wiiiliu five mill's tlJ the furts, aud then UJarhe¡1 about sixteen miles to the interior of thc island, and from there they m;de way tuwards the back of the forts ulltil they came within 200 yards 10 the forts, among Ihe rocks and bushes, and then they built their camps-Ellgli>1J and French separate-and in a short time they boifan 10 make II sand battery, so that they could bring their guns to bear 00 the back 01 the Russian fort9, which the Bussians did not know at thllt time that we were building II battery there, because it was built in a very droll little spot, and a Russian was not wide-awake euough for 10 twig the move, that the Freoch and English were up to. They knew they were there, but they would nol come out to face them until they were drove by shuts. They were obiiged to come out through the port-boles for 10 load their Kuns, and then our RiHes were catching thelD OD the hop-three and four fr0111 the guus- bdore they were loaded. At last our little battery opened tirc on Ihe largest and strongest Russian fort of 100 guns mounted, aod our baitery hall but three 32.pounder guns and four 24- pouuder lield piece3 outside, anl1 they knocked a hole at four ports into one in a short time, IInd thell they poured shell into them thick. Tiley could hear their enemies screeching in the fons at the exploslun ot the shells. fhe English people had been for two days anù one night build- ins; thi.little battery of theirs, with shot, shell, and musket balls tlyiug about thew all the time, a011 It was as If the hand of God was with them there. was nothing could touch them. They only lost two men In the engagement, and about forty Frenchmen. Atrer the fight was over. Ihe Russian Genetal came In .e.. the English battery, and seeing but three guns there, he sbmped Ius feet, and asked II that was all that they had knocking down his fort, after having been seveo years building of it, and the English to come Ihere and knock it down with three guns 10 seven hours. The Frenchmen behave very barbarous to Ihe Russians. They do not consider they have not souls as well a8 us; arlll the Russians cannot benr the sight ot a I'renchman they will fight to a man õ1Kllinst tbe Freuch, but so eoon as they lee the El10lish faliing in under arms they surrender directly, aud say Englishman very good." We have now got s"l1Ie thousands of pri80nerø in the fleet ready to send home with the first opportunity. It is very likely that we -hall try Helsingfors and Ilango before we shall return to England, and then, if tilere will be leave given, 1 ,h.11 gl.e ,u„ M0[ic A„_ REJOICINGS AT FALKLAND. Mr. Tyndall Bruce has, we are happy to hear, returnefl to Falkland, his hpalth having gradually improved since he Icft Loudon, The account of his and his wife's reO ception at home (which we extract from the Pifes/lire Journal) could not ùnt be gratifying to Mr. and Mrs* Druce, and we feel assured it will be read by our sub- scribers with pleasure and as a grateful tribute of respect to such benefactors. It is an interesting spectacle to see a whole country-side turn out eu masse to Jo honour, and give welcome, tn those who, by sympathy ann kindness, have endeared themselves tu ail within the sphere oftlieir iullu..nce. Such expressions 01 popular feeling are manifestations of the hest and noblest parts of our uaturt!. They are the fruils which, under the intlllellce of generosity alld kindly attentions, even the wod stubborn soil is 811re to yield; and we know 110 means bv which any iIHliviùual may mure suiely tJcuellt and elevate the people than thus, by the exerci.e of virtue ill their own characters and conduct, to elicit corresponding viitues in them. Where such co. re.ponding virtues d well — w'.ere our nobler faculties are brought into active exercise—it is hard fur passions and vices to find a ¡".Iglllen!. Oil the Cnutrary, the tendency ever i. to weiln from these, to induce other and beller incentives to action. Virttie i. antagonistic 10 vice in any Dud all its forms, aud where 1\ right appre- ciation of the riuht and the good lire elicited, and noble feelings engendered, they will certainly cast out the evil spirits of opposing vice, alld tend to wean from every other practice which i\luotlike thclllaelve> right aud KOOll. \V. helve beeu led inro these observations by the reception given tu Mr. and Mrs. Bruce, on their reluru to Falkland on \Veo!nedllay, which was Qne certainly not less honour- able to the recipients than creditable aud praiseworthy 10 those who gave it. The absence of :\1r. and Mrs. Bruce has been II comparative]v short one, but it was felt in every direction, and aithe tidings occasionally arrived of the very precarious state 01 Mr. Bruce's health, a feeling as if each individual was in danger uf losing a valued friend OVer- 8pread tite district, aliú when on Wednesday morning he I arrived once more amongst tho-e endeared to him and Mrs. Bruce by so uiany acts of munificence and kindness, the r reception was 1II09t cordial aud enthusiastic, one wh:ch mU8t have bee II most gratifying to the recipients, ar:d which the giver3 will not soon forget: and which iVe cjrinot better chronic! than io the wOld, 01 an unlooker;- Wednesday last week wad quite a gala day iu the ancient burgh of Falkland. About a week before it was understood that Mr. and Mrs. Bruce had nr. ivprj in Edinburgh on their way to Falkland House. alter all absence of nearly twe,ve mouths. A general wi,h w is CXpre",ej tl1:1t SOme demon- stration of the universal 8ati,flction fdt at their return, should take place on their arrival. Sleps were immediately taken for the erection of a flural arch opposite the east end of the Palace, al1ll another towards the west end of the tower, a little tu the east of where tne ruad turns oil'to Milllield Cottage. Both erec- tions were very ta3tcfully executed, and did great credit to the parlÎe! by whom Ihey were erected. The one at the east end uf the town might, without any hyperbole, be slyled magnificent. The whole strnclure consisted of three arches -the main or centre arcl" and 1\ small one on e-ich side- all of them of 3n elegant Gothic sryle. Around the Centre arch was the word" Welcome ill large lloial letters, and at tire top of the left pillar the letters 1'. H., and at tl19 top nf the right pidar M. B. under each wer" the respective crest; of Bruce and Tyodal and su complete and symme. Irical were its proportions, so beautiful its outline that one could scarcely help regretting that it was not composed of mOre enduring materials. The greater part of the day wag stormy and wet. which prevented a number of humbler attempts at floral ornamentation from assuming that amount or" display whidl otherwise they would hay," done. I' must Bot, however omit 10 IJwlllion the very tasteful and elegant display mide by ,tl!e. Brace Alln" Inn, which did very great credit 10 Mr. lvetdieand his assistants. About four o'clo.:k the rain be;an to dear away. and the people to assemble ill immense multitudes till the street was completely tiDed. I he bells rung fjrth a merry peal a little before five, and the varlOU8 PèlTtI..S who Were tf) form the procession took their places tu be in readiness for the appearance of Mr. Bruce » carriage, which was expected to arrive II few minutes after five. The order of procession had just been arranged, when the carriage, in which wal Mr. and Mrs. Bruce, and their neice, 1\1 iss Tyndal, made its appearance. The prOCeS8¡OQ immediately moved olf, preceded by the Falkland Instrumental Band. The Provost and bailies of Falld "od occupied the front, they were followlld bv the Provost and baillies of Auchtermuchty,accompanied by a number of other gentlemeu from that town, a large number of the people of Falkland and the neighbourhood formed the great body of the procession, anù a num- ber of the brethren of St. John's Lodge of Falkland brought up the rear. The whole, together with the immense multi- tude accompanying the proces-ion, presented a very im- posing appearance. 011 reachiug the East gate of Falkland House, the proccQsion halted aoJ opened up into two lines, whell the mw<iciaas, marching forward to the front, took up tlleir position at the head of tbe Lody. The car- riage then passed uetween Ihe lines amidst a succession of loud anti hearty cheers—the one cheer more given with such It hearty good will as to waken the echoes of Maspie- Den. Mr. and Mrs. Bruce acknowledged the congratula- tions of the mullltude:\s they passed along, aull seemed very much lle¡i;ilte.1 with their cordial reception. After the procession, a numerous party of gentlemen, including Provost Deas and Ogilvie, alld Mr. Howden, adjour.1i!d to the 13ruee Arm-, when Mine flost's good cheer within WitS, HS U9u;il, ill point of excellence, nOlhing behind the tasteful beauty of the decorations he tint day displayed without, and his" browst" was none of the" soor ale," fùr which, accord- ing to S r David Lindsay, FJlkland once was famous. The procession then relurned in the same order, and, after reaeIJÍ1Jg- tho front of the Town lIal1, dispersed. This manilettasioo of kindly feeling and respect to Mr. B.uce, alld his excelleut lady is highly creditable to the people of F dlid!ll.d, shewing as it does Ihat their many merits are uot unappreciated tJy the people uy whom they are surrounded. And It must have been aU the more agreeable 10 them, as it was entirely a spl,nt;¡neOU8 expres- sion of feeling on the part of the people. It may ue asked, why ai this enthusiasm? The question can be best al]- swered in tl1e wdrd. of the people themselves, in Ihc Yarious expressions uttered by them witile the preparations were going furward for Mr. and Mrs. Bruce's reception. Such expressions as the following were to be heard a^'ain and IIgain Nobody is more deserving of any respect that can be shewn them thew Mr. au,1 Mrs. Bruce, considering what they have done;" "Just look at tin, beautiful church there;" It Yes. an* tile school, whar'l ye get anither like it ?" W II wad nether hae had the ta'en nor the tither but for them '• Aye, ao' the streets, wbat It change lia'e they no made itpon the tmlll ?" "That's anither improvement waù ne er oeell made witlwut them An' "Jeu Mr. Bruce is such a n:c.i gentlemen, ony body CHI speak to him, an' he's a friend 10 everybody Art' look at the improvement he has made upon the bail country side, an' the w.ork he has gien to wark men, hok at the wojded hills, an' the LHm steadings, an'the wal1u uu the Liil side, an' iu the den. an' and many more situil ir expressions that ttii^ht be quoted, explain this burst of e-ithusiasin, equally creditable to it3 object and to those by whom it was expressed, for the appreciation of goodness is nearly allied to goodness itself. It is also pleasant to see 5t¡C:l occurrences as this, shewing as they do, th It it is not the humbler classes that are insen- sible of benefits or favours conferred upou them. It would be gratifying were all the proprietors of the county lù follow Mr. and M'S. Brucc's example, alld rhe couduct uf the peupie of Falkland shows that they ueed 1101 fear to do so from the risk "f their .;ood deeds not being appreciated.

During the autumn and waiter months a great many persons are subject to coughs and colds, which it not com- pletely removed from the sv^teiil, very often bring on asthma :id other deep rooted diseases, which makes the life of the mll'erer a complete burden. For the removal of such complaints, no remedy has obtained so high a cele- brity as Woolley's Pectoral C indy, which is so e:iicaci ius, that the moit obstinate cough will yie:d to its healing pro- parties. By » short perseverunc.* in the use oi this most excellent msdtciae, persons who have been suffvrcrs lor yevrs, may jety on a sate and certain curv, as tbousityjs Jwvs m»«ii$nc<s4 UfiaUug I¡4Ii toiilty.

CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS THE HISTORY OF THE ANCIENT BRITONS. (Supplied for the CARDIFF AND MERTIIYR GUARDIAN, by G. JONES, Esq., Editor of the Derbyshire Times.) (Continued from our last.) Whilst we would weep o'er the blood-stained deeds of our early ancestors, ere the light of divine truth or the beams of Christianity were reflected from the oracles of in- spiration upon their minds—ere the resplendent rays of its exaltin" and ennobling doctrines, mollified their ferocity, let us not e'en now forget, that •« the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations ol cruelty. And now, reader, presume that on Thomas Stone, on Stantun Moor, the idol of the sun is elevated, as probably it was, and that the Thomas Chair, a Druid seat now thrown down, was occupied by some high functionary, pronouncing his decrees near the still existing circle or temple; and that some strange tragedy is abo it to be there enacted—that on Cats Stone, Gelmour Stone, Cocks Stone, Andle Stone, and on other supposed Druidic altars, is laid the immolated victim. View the freely flowing crimson current, with life fast ebbing, and the quiveriug temple of an immortat spirit. with a last convulsive throb, yielding up its undying tenant, as the mystic knife strikes its vitals, and for the inspection of the veins, embowels the unhappy culprit; and then, on those altars, view also the burning of those human sacrifice*, whil«t, in the valley far below, perhaps, thousands gaze upon the revolting scene with awe-inspired dread, im- bued with the belief that it is a religious ceremony—an ac- ceptabie Oil, humaniiy shrink thou from the recital of the dread- ful fact. Christianity I demand thou a full exposure of the momter guilt. Yet. reader, 1 mav spare you the painful BUÙ rcvoitill¡1: enactment at Eyam, Froggatt, Edge. Abney lidthersage. Arbelow, ard othcr places. Would toat 1 were enabled to deny th" humiliating fflct; but alas bad not the chances of a sanguinary war furnished those blinded vota- ries with the wout.11 victims from the fielll of car nage, then innocence, in ..iq!I1 b. auty. or ..igour. in manly might, must sholre Itlike the ùoom. Were not the father captured (1) the plains o! eon'e-d, then tin; mother—God's high behest to man — must with her fondling babe, thus ignominiously perish fur victims must be had the gods mu.'t be appeased. O'er yon moorland high, clad in heather, so sombre, dark and bei-.utilul—ground sacred to the antiquary—cenes of diversified be.iuty—the Poet's theme, and the Paintei's arena—apart frolll the bus) cares ot man, and hulll of active life, where silence almn,,1 uub. okeu eigus around in solitude —save when the startled grouse, with its peculiar guttural chuckle, and ils well kuown whir.r-r-r r, økiuH away upon the nuuntide air; save when II", cuckuo's welcome 11011' pro- claims the morniug of another spring, or ten thousand songsters plume the wiug, stretch their little throats, and sviell tlwir *ocal strains in striving to ouhle-or on yonder summit of the ciaggy height, see the blackening flames of the revolting holocaust ariee, and ascending towards thp frowning ifkie?, insult the deity beneath it. On this rising bruw-on Desolation's chosen spot in ages long since to-t in the chaos of the past has the green-sward and the tender heather borne the irppiess oi unhallowed feet, as onward moved the sad silent.stricken trdiu- inobedieuce to the watchword ''Away to the sacriHcc"-w1"Ítbing in mental agony urpatatyitedbyfcdr. Oh, were tho,e desecrated temples but endowed with recollection and with power of speech, but for a brief period, how would they, with sepulchral tone, declare and attest the dread spectacles they tiieie have witnessed, aad the horrify- ing accompaniments of these revolting orgies. But ah a brightot day has dawned on Britain's fairer isle. Upon her fostered sons of science, shiue-< the "day spring from on hióth." To her ever opened gates of learn- ing's sacred temple may yj speed her portals wide open stand to receive sincere enquirers afler truth. Pass un boldly through her vestibule, her innermost sanctum is your legitimate privilege. In every department will your aspiriug spIrit find fresh delights partake bountifully of a rich pro- vision, and prosecute the journey of life with renewed vigour. But, at this eventful period, the body, like the mind of the ancient Britons, was subject to the subtle Druid. Instead of the artizau and the mechanic—the tradesman and the auri- cultul i.I, eeperately yet ill common, pursuing their peaceful vocations, nosudl line uf demarcation could then he drawu. As the wild beast, on arid tracks, or junnled forest, Britons ou our native hills, lived alone to satisfy the cravings of Ii nature unsubdued. Those hig-h moral an,1 intellectual altractioos daily un- folded to us, were uever spreud before Ihe ancient Briton. No warning voice was raised on either hand 10 wean hi. inclinations from the pursuit of vice; no virtuous precept was inculcrted, to facilitate his happiness or confirm hia hopes. Ah, no 1 swamped in Ihe vorte* of superstitious fear, hi. undeveloped, if 1l0t unborn energies, sunk inlo the shades of darkness anù of death, to prepare for another Pagan ùUjJe, another ¡Ill mortal spi ril, that doolll which error dernalldpd at his bandp. His early produetlous of barbaric skill-his rude implement, and ruder utensils—his coarse sun-baked pottery aud delicately formed flint arrows will, at another period, have our due attention, when we shall prove that, these wer e formed by hands of no ordinary craft; and yet, for this rude untaught child of nature did no arti-t e'er liecigu, or mechanic execute — no artiza i wrought the Il\l)uarCl1's sceptre or (he warrior's buckler-lIo sublime pencil, with stariling exactness, transferred to flag the em- blem of peace or tile ensign of war. Alike they lemained unh\e..1 with implements to till the ground, or utensils uf domestic economy, us well 8S with the glittering sword and the booming cxuoon but Ages, ill their flight sublime," 800n left generations aud centuries in their "ake. Powers werc usurped by powers—s\stems changed for sy,teffiø- destinies afresh developed rhe resulrs oftlie flt8t.prupellillg pinions of unwearied time declaring, an they floated on,that they should perform their destined office. The ambition of Rome's mighty emperors had long been The ambition of Rome's mighty emperors had long been roused; nation after nation-people after people—power after power loa.1 succumbed to their iron prowess. Long hall Ihey beard of Britain, IInd deeply did they High for conquest. With Rome to think, was with Rome to act. On Hi it..ill's coast a tl.>et apt.eared, and o'er the bosoin of the mighty deep had that ileet botne the conquererif of thewottd. Flutteiing in the breeze, the imperial eaglo floats aloft, hovering o'er Albion's Isle, like its loving prototype o'er the market-town, or doomed kid, so symbulic of rapine, cruelty, and bloodshed; that ensign Haps agaill,tthe tower- ing ina-t wilh clammy lwal, like the mOlhlcr leathern wings of fabled Saurian reptile against the blasted, riven, tended rocks of volcanic ajes aud whilst it still flutters in ttie breeze, Haps again, a warrior's knell in eveiy undulation. The alternate chances of the sanguinary contest, animate afresh the contending armies, or prompted by despair, they urge with redoubled dead y purpose the mortal coinbal. Noble Briton! unequal to the disciplined arms of Rome, Suonll18, uucouquered, to the Ituman yoke," 'Tis foreign to my purpose hence to trace him through 011 the phases of tbe two succeeding centuries, during which he contended lor the rinht of Ids native soil. The hlood he sl.ed—the wrongs and "drel iogs he endured—the outrages of a licentious soldiery, the oppressions of a power-thirsting conqueror, are subjects from which we revoltingly turn away to drop one briny pearl upon the altar of the noble Britou's memory. Let us gently whisper, "peace to his \11.1 n es," and hold a lively remembrance of his enltetl char- acter, generous heart, and muscular form, aud here leave him, laid in ymi rude barrow, unmarked by saicophagus or tonil), by monumental pomp, or the rude inscript of purest allecymi, or simplest talc, or record's tablet—until that oay, wheu tile angel, with oue (not 011 the sea, and auother 011 the laud, shall proclaim that" time .11.,11 be no 11IIIger." The Roman period now opens, and pre ents us with re- fined acquirements an I commercial usages, which in their onward progress through each succeeding age, hUle ad- vanced iu proportion as tlicy have been cherished by learn- ing and science; or, bligbtel hy neglect, have been left to wither, droop, mid die forgotten, and abandoned to neglect, as caprice or inclination might dictate. 'i'hi- period wiil be noticed at full length in turn, as also the Saxon dynasty, fraught with interest; lor iu this county wa3 fixed the seat of the government of the Mercian empire, where the prototype of Saxon cruelty swayed with iron rule the awlul sceptre. Here he pLumed his sanguinary wars, executed evil, mischief, cruelty; and to alone, planned reli- gious houses. some of which projects were executed. Here knelt the trembling captive and the doomed criminal, sus- pended betweeu hope and fear, between life and death, awaiting the upright position of the monarch's sceptre, which should for ever seal their tiuom or the gracious ex- tension of which towards the shiverirg culprit, should con- firm his hopes of pardon, and, a little longer, leave unse- vered the brittle thread of life. Here each enacted his part and passed away, leaving his princely frame to moulder backintodust. But. whilst these Sixou heroes with each other contended fur adjoining principalities and increased power, tilling the land with strife aud bloodshed, blackening every page of the Briton's history, the harbinger of a brighter period rose, gilding the horizon of pagan error with golden beams of happier and more eflulgent glories — lighting up those glories with u purpose, lasting as the breath of time, and re-shedding o'er our moral hemisphere, the brightening beams of truth divine. The harassing descent of the Danes upon our coast, the enactments of their bloody tragedies,: her massacre, Swe y n's importation of b irbarons hordes, the re-enthronement of Edward the Confessor, the sanguinary wars of Harold, arid the field of Uastiog—pertain more to n national histoiy than to our review, yet these wiil be in some measure dis- cussed in their due time and proper place. And now, permit me in conclusion, to observe that Ihe impenetrllule darknl's; which encircles the past, far beyond history records, ought to leall us 10 a due appreciation of our later tiources of information ill regard to man, Ulld ill- duce us to bless the times in which we live—times ill which knowledge is regarded as power—times in which science is reeognifed as the handmaiden of poelry-tune. in which vice is disclaimed—times in which virtue is exalted—times in which wisdom is reverenced, and times in which the land teems with scientific and religions establishments ol every class, to train God's noble-t creature, man, for the faithful and complete di«charge of all those high and holier purpose^, for which he, by a deathless fame, is destined. August 29,1854.

SMITH FIELD, MONDAY. The arrival or cattle and sheep into the port of London during the past week has been extremely heavy. ( Custom-house return rived an entry of oxen, 4:1 met calves, 991 pigs, 21$lambs, ami 12,la3 sheep, making d total of 16,002 heid. Tnere was agaiu to day a very large supply of the middling quality of meat, and the trade lo* oucti continued very slow, but for gooti quality itie tiellisill was not worse, Tne number of beasts returned for toll 5600 head, ami consequently proved a very large supply* even beyond that of last .Monday. Life.ior quality sold »l 3s. 81., aud superior at 4s. 8d. per iio ie. Of .beep also tln» number was very large, and about the same as on this d.i/ I se'ntlight. Southdown* of three years old sold at 4s. S'1' petstune. Lambs sold more slowly and nude less money- iloriz and veal were unaltered. Beef. 4s. 4L 4s. Gd. 5s. Od. Veal 4„. 0 1. Is. 8d Mutton 4: Od. 4s. G 1. 4s. 10. | Pork 3s. 4d. 4s. Lamb 4s. Hd. 5s. 4.1. |

STAY WITH US. How swiftly the bright days He goiti6 We ilre.ont of the new opened leaves, When some said the roses were blowing, An now they are binding the sheaves. On, on sweeps the march that for ever The roses and corn-mill restore: To the hill sitle, tne glen. and the river, They come—but we know them no more. Sweet ftuonmer-tirae, grant us yet longer To shake off the dust of the towns Give us time to grow wiser and stronger lho studies in woods and on downs. Let us see but your skirts in the meaiiowi, Your smile ill the far-away blue; Till the that are dwelling with shadow. Come out to the sunshine and you. We have not grown rich without reason, IN e have not grown poor without hope, We have not made market and season The uttermost bounds of our scope. The lure of the wild tiower and fairy charms, a3 it charmed us in youth; From mortals our trust lean", to var), But never from nature and truth. Perchance we are not what you knew us, In haunts where the woodbine yet climbs; The cares of the world have come to us, We have met with hard tasks and hard times. And oil! but the lights have waned slowly Awav from the heart and the brain, Since they left oiY their faith and their folly, To look after greatness and gain. We know there is trade in the City,— We know there is war in the East, And if neither wealthy nor witty. We know there are taxes at least. But morning still purples the highlands, And suns in a golden light set. Though our day. stand like desolate iilanJs- Sweet Summer-time, stay with us yet. London, 1 L KUASCES BROWN.

MERTHYR COUNTY COURT. [THOMAS FALCONER, Esq., Judge,] J This court was held on the 13th, 14th, and 15th of Sep- f tember; and there were 3S8 causes entered for hearing. DAViD HASWELL v. DAViD M'WILLIAM. Mr. Simons appeared for the ntaintiCr, aud Mr. F. James for the defendant. This was an action brought to recover the sum of £50; but it appeariog to be for £112, as an alleged set-off was not allowed, the cause WH tried lIy c,)I}setJt, under the sec- tionotthc County Court .Act which gives jurisdiction to the court in cases to any amount, with the conscut ut both pal- ties. The plaintiff was formerly in the service of the de- fendant. as a hawker, or traveller for the sale of goods. His Honour said In this ca*e the plaintiff catne into the service of the defendant about the momh of August or September, 1847; and the teims 011 which he entered the service were then verbal — namely, to serve for three years aud a half, and during this tune he was to travel as a hawker; and at the end of the three years and a half he was to be supported by the defendant in the bu-iness of a round, that ts, of a certain district, and the defendant was then to make himsclf responsible on account of the plaintiff for the amount of a certain quantity of goods to be supplied bv a wholesale bouse In the plain tiff. After the plaintiff had served for several months, lIamely, uotil the 28ih day of April, 1849, an agreement i.i writing was signed aud staled between the parties. It sets out that the plaintiff apprentices himself to David AI'William, to learn the art and business of a draper, and 10 serve tor one year and nine months from the date ot the deed. The plaintiff also agreed that he would atiend upon such persons as his master should direct at their pi <ces of residence or elsewhere, to shew patterns of goods, and receive orders and deliver goods, and to do aud pe; for in other the lawful commands of his master. Also, that he would do no damage to his master, nor willingly see it done by others, and would forth. with give notice of the same. Also, that the plaintiff would not waste nor lend the goods of his master unlawfully to the injury of his master—uor frequent taverns, inns, or ale- houses—nor play at cards, dice, or unlawful games—uor absent himself from the service ot his master, but would demean or behne himself 8Ii an honest and faithful appren- tice. On the other band, the defendant agreed to find the plaintiff sufficient meat, dtink, and lodgings, and, if re- quired by the plaintiff, to provide him with all necessary wearing apparel, to be paid for by the plaintiff within two years of the expira'ion of the apprenticeship. Lastly, it was further agreed between the parties, that, provided the plaintiff honestly, faithfully, and industriously served the said term of one year and nine months, the defendant would fiud him credit for one year to carry on such trade as the said defendant himself carried on. This deed relates to service for a period of one year and nine months. The service from August, 1847, to the date of the deed com- plete- a period, in addition to this one yearand nine months, of three and a half years; but there is no allusion in the deed to the service from August, 1847, to April, 1849, when the deed was executed. The plaintiff served the full three years and a half, and this period ended about the end of January, 1331. After this time the plaintiff served during a year. The philltiff states that up It) January, 1851, no complaint Was made against him. He says he applied to the defendant to he put into business, and was told that he should have an answer at the end of a fortnight; that he travelled hit round fur a fortnight, and that at the end of that lime Ihere was no an"wer i the defelldant did not say if he would or would not put him ill business. The defendant wanted him (the plaintiff) to show to him the round, and he refused until he should have some security. He (the plaintiff) also told the defendant that he was willing to travel, but that the defendant should not come with him. The plaintiff considers he was to have 1'25 a ycl1C or to have been put into business, and that the £25 a year was to be ill addition to the board and wages. The claim, therefore, of the plaintiff as stated bv Mr. Simons, is this :—From August, 1S47, to 28th April, 1849, ho claims a money pay- ment at the rate of £25 a year; from April 28th, 1S49, to January, 1851, he claims at the same rate; and for the yeat's service subsequent to January. 1851, he c!aims pay- ment on the same terms. The chief questiou in dispute is [his :—whether or not as regards the whole service to January, 1851, which was completed under the written agreement, the plaintiff was bound, within a reasonable time to have shown the rounds to the defendant before the defendant could have been called 011 to pledge his credit for goods to he supplied to the plaint ff according to the terms of their writteu cont/act. This is not the form in which the plaintiff has met the case, but I will not overlook the manner in which he has presented it for decision. The plaintiff in hi. evidence said, "I entered on his service about August, 1847, was to travel for three and a half years, and at the expiration of that time the defendant was to support me in business. I was tu have £ 25 a year for service, or be put iuto business. This is rhe invariable arrangement among Scotch travellers. I entered into his service uuder this arrangement, and served up to the period of the written agreement." Now, there is nothiug said in the wr itten contract respecting £ 25 a year. That contruct was made through the urgency of the plaintiff, and it relates to the completiun of the term of three and a half years mentioned by the plaintiff, taking into account the period during which the plaintiff served before the contract in writing was signed. The written contract doe" infactin- troduce no term differing from those under which the plain- tiff served when lie served under the verbal contract, and yet it does not mention the previous service. The plaintiff says he vas to have £25 a year or be put into business. There can be no doubt that he was to be put into business, subject to the performance of the conditions of the articles of agreement made with him. The sum of £25 Ii year might be an estimate of part of the damages to which he would have been entitled on the breach of the agreement by the defendant, his employer, but there was uo express contract to pay the £25 aye Ir for the first year, or, if there were, there was lin alternative, 30(1 most undoubtedly there was no agreement to pay £2;j a year during the time to which the written contract reiates. The evidence of the plaintiff proves that the written contract was a continuance uf the terms of the service of the first period, and that the chief reward of the fir«t period was to be at the end of three yearsandahatf. lie says now, however, that he lias an ab- solute demand for £2;>, though the contract was originally for £25. or I>J put into business. He forgets how even then the defendant might do either, and that the justification for not doing oue of these two things would excuse his not doing the other. Ifhe had beeu put into business he could haie had no demaud for £ 25. What, then, was meant by being put iuto business? This is explained by the written con- tract. The partie. agreed that provided the plaintiff honesty, faithfully, and industriously served during the lerm..1' one year and nine months, the defendant would obtain for him credit for one year to carryon the same tra,te the uefenùant c..rried ou. The condition before tht> defendant was to pledge IOB credit was,—that the plaintiff was to serve honestly, I'II.tllft¡!!r, and industriously. It 14 said he did so and the plaintiff alleges that no complaiut was made against him during his service. It is, also, the fact that lie was continued in the service of the defendant for another year, which might be regarded as confirmation of the good conduct of tile plaintiff. But the defendant states that at the end ot the three years and a half, while numerous debts were outstanding the plHiutilf refused to show lu him his rounds, and that this WIS. the chief reason why he did nol then discharge him. I wanted him." Sa}8 tlw ¡}..f.,u¡Jant, to show to me th* round. for about £300 which was out on the books. Axatn he laV8-" 1 could nut have the rounds from him. Some of the accounts I have not yet found. The rounds had in con- sequence to remain idle. I myself ultimdtdy Went round. Unquestionably I should have parted with him Booner than 1 did if I had had the rounds." When he proposed to go round with the plaintiff, be says, he was sworn at and told he should not go with him—that the plaintif fsaid, If he (the defendant) would give tu him £-10 he would go, and that he replied he would not give him forty shillings, and would rather makn a .acrifiee than endure it any longer." After this the plaintiff left the service of the defendant whom lie, on leaving appears to have treated with much insolence of manner, making" roar of Itlughter and faaing at him. This occurred upwards of two years ago, and the present demand was not made until very lately. There is no preteuce ou the part of the plaintiff, that he had col- lected all the accounts that were due; or that he had hhown the round to the defendant, or that he had afforded to the defendant any assistance, since the service terminated, to enable the defendant himself to collect the detttsthat were out-standing. Tiie comments on the evidence represented the plaintiff to have been prevously injured, and that the defendant aCled towards him with barslineis and oppres- sion. On ie-perusiug the evidence it is obvious that he acted with much moderation and forbearance, though his forbearance inay have arisen from a with to secure the pay- ment of debts iucurred through the agency of the plaintiff. The plaiutiiFs case was put thus,—"An application was made to carry out the original arrangement. The defend- aut did not conply with the proposal, but required the plaintiff to show the rounds. As the plaintiff saw there was an unwillingness on the part of the defendant to per- form his part ot the contract, the plaintiff sai No, not unless you fulfil your obligation with me."—This statement of his advocate accords with the evidence, and though it might huve been the reasoning, whit was the duty of the plaintiff? Surely the honest and faithful performance of bis duty dId not depend on what he might imagine the de- fendant might refuse to do? If the defendant committed a breach of his contract the same remedy was at hand two years ago as in this action. What the plaiotiff hart to do was obvious, distinct and positive, and was quite inde- pendent of the acts of his employer, namely, that his em- ployer should know from bim w!J.1t had become of his goods; to whom they had been delivered; what money had been Agreed to be paid for them; from whom money was due; and how much remained due. Until he did this he had not houestly and faithfully per- formed his duty. The execution of the trust reposed in him required that at any instant, and ut all times during the three years antI a half, and at the end of the three years and a half, the plaiutilf should have been ready and willing to have shown his rounds, and to have enabled his employer to be himself the master both of his own accounts and of his own property. Was it honest to propose to make that knowlednethe object matter of a bargain with the master? If the information were of value was it not through the cou- fidence of the master, and could it become purchaseable ex- cept under compulsion in order that the master might save himself from the loss it was the duty of the plaintitf to have protected him from. It was only by yielding to the treach- erous conduct of the servant that there would be any- thing to pay for. The defendant was unconditionally entitled to the information that was refused to him. Alore- over, the defendant himself could only retain his character as a trustworthy person by obtaining credit at a wholesale house, in furtherauce of such a contract as the one before me, for a servant who had acted faithfully and honestly towards himself. His power to perform his part of the con- tract depende I on the previous performance of the duty of ths; plaiotitftowards him. The defendant might bavesaid- If 1 open a credit for him the plaintiff may show me the round"—but nothiug could have excused him if he had done so. He was not at liberty to attempt to open a credit for oue whose want of good faith towards himself W18 pal- pable, uud from whose conduct he could not infer that he would be honest towards those to whom he mi"ht recom- mend him. It would, in fact, b ive been wretchedly dis- honest in the defendant to have induced a third party, under such circumstances, to have opened a credit with the plain- tiff. Then testing the conduct of the plaintiff by the sim- plest and the clearest rules of morals he has placed it out of the power of the defendant to perform the first coutract made with him, for the breach of which he, in fact, sues. What he alleges against the defendant ia ima- ginary, and cannot aid this action. What has been actually and positively done by him is a justification of the proceedings of the defendant, namely, that his conduct has not been faithful and honest towards his employer. As respects, therefore, the service for the three years and a half, the plaintitr is not entitled to any damages tor eI breach of contract, for it is for damages alune that ha can sue. It was allege that the production of a written contract was not necessary, and that the plaintiff could sue Dn an implied contract, anti was entitled to a quuntul/I meruit for his s¡>r.,ice¡. I entertained 1\ different opinion, and adhere lo it. A coutract cannot be implied where there is an express and written contract. The first service was to be rewarded at the C'IJ of the three years and a half if the plaintiff were laithlui «ud honest. Thesecondser. vice was acontinmtion, under a written contract, of services to be rewarded at the same time and on similar conditions. The breach of this contract is something omitted to be done by the defendant, when the service wa* concluded at the end of three years and a half. What was so omitted to be doue ? It was according to the fresh contract in the fiisl Case, and through the written agreement alone in the second, that it could be ascertained. Those terms I have acted on, and the terms of such exp,c-s contrac', or, of the written agreement, c inuot be abandoned, oori.in new terms be implied. |[llis Honour here referred II) the case of Rnxt v. JV"tli.lye, :!2. Law Journal, 73, and commented 00 it.J La t!y, bis Honour continued, after the period of one year an 1 nine months WHS completed, the de'.en lant con- tinued t he pi li :,t'ff in his Service. Though nothing WHS s lid th^n of new terms of cootr .ct, I am c ertainly of opinion they muld lie th.> old terms. The fir<t service was to b< temuoerated in part by obtaining a credit lor the plaiutilf I or gtiods supplied to him—hilt this was to ho ut the end ol three years and a half. What eq-iivalent for thi3 c Mild there be at the end of the .last, addi- ional year? lbeonly equivalent could be a money pay- ment. I ne amount ot cllC:, payment 1 regard to he lixed by the evidence ol For. ster, namely, at £ 25 for the ye.tr. Snppo-iog, ther-IWe, the plaintiff to have fullilled iiis duty lor that year, this is the sum to which he would be entitled. It also appeared to me that it might be contended that the plaiutilf having beeu employed by the defendant duriug the last year with a full knowledge of his previo u misconduct, the defendant could not make use of his ser- vices and excuse himself fp<m jnyment for them upou ac. uuunt of bis continuing that misconduct. l)o*eyer the reasons of his Continued employtuaut the defendant n- plained, aud 1 «m uf opinion that m pl§iutiff might, 4uwa to *1)9ptyromt bU m*js» liMfl ««UU«4 Wffl* self to wnitet by acting faithfully and honestly towards hin employer, be i« not entitled to any reward for services for the last \e.sr which were accùmpalJied to their very eod with injury to his employer,— namely, distributing his goods au,1 not showio4 thl. round to enable thp. defendant t" > collect the debts due 011 accouut of slIch gIJuJs.- Judgment was therefore given filr tÍle defendant.

CARDIFF POLICE.—MONDAY. Ann rrice was charged by P. C. Burrows with creating a disturbance in Crockberbtown on Friday night last. The constable stated that OD thc night in question he saw her stDP fev. ral men in the localily named; she was of dis. solute character, and was in the habit of auuoying people in the streets. The defendant stated that she had not been in the town for the past three years.— Discharged with a ciution. John Williams, a seaman onboard the Margaret, of Lon- dOli, was charged irh desertion. Mr. Spratley, the master of the Margaret, stated that the prisoner joined the vessel in London, to performavoyage to Cardiff, thence to Itio Janeiro, and back to any port in the United Kingdom; on the 8th iUot. he left the vessel, taking his clothes with him. The defendant said he left the vessel because he could not obtain what he wanted. He hlo no tobacco given him. The captain, in answer to the Bench, said he had paid the defendant a month's advance, and there was nothing now due to him. The Bench sentenced the defendant to six weeks' im- prisonment. BRUTAL ASSAULT ON THE NIGIIWAT. Joseph Perkius, Evan Lewis, John Hartanoll, and John Perkins, were charged under the following circum- stances :—• Thomas Richards said he was going out of Cardiff in a horse and cart, at half-past 11 on Saturday night, and when he got opposite the union a tnaa seized the horses' head; he then saw three or four others, and as he was gettiug down from the carl, John Perkins threw him down aud stunned him. He was quite certain that the whole four prisoners were thele; but the man who took hold of the horse's head was not in court; when they got him down they kicked him, and the marks he then exhibited in his forehead resulted from the kicks he received. He worked at the same place with the prisoners, but had never had any quarrel with either of them. He had money on bis person, but none of it was touched. They had been drink- ing, but were not drunk. By John Perkins: I did not jump out of the cart and strike you first. Dayid John, a tailor, living at Llandaff, said he was driving the horse and cart out of Cardiff on Saturday night, aud "hcu about ten yards from the union the prisoner John Perkins, and a man not then present, came up, and the latter took hold of the horse's head; witness struck down that man with the whip and jumped out of the cart, when he saw John Perkins and Richards struggling; the other man came up to witness, and he again struck him down, when he called out, and the other prisoners came up, when Hartanoll threw Richards in the hedge, and then he and Joseph Perkins kicked him several times, and knocked him down when he attempted to get up. Lewis did nothing during the whole uffair. Some men came by ami re- fused to give wllness help whclI he called Ujlon them. He then turned the cart around, and drove into town, where he gave information at the police-station. The prisoner John Perkins then callc,1 his sinter Ann Perkins, who said :-We were going home 011 Saturday evening, 8ml when Ilear the union, a man who was with us said, "I shall stop the horse." My brother told him he had better not when the horse came up the man caught hold of the horse's head, but did not succeed in stopping it at first; after a minute or two, however, the cart was stopped, and then one of the men came up and struck my brother with a whip, and threw him the other side ol the hedge. I heard my brother call out" They'll choke me." With that I turned back to my other brother who was coming on, and saw no more. Mr. C. C. Wi liams said it was unfoitunate that the man who stopped the horse's head was not present, for he might have thrown some additional light upon the case. It was clear an a.sault had been committed by three of the pri- SOllerS, and the judgment of the Bench was that Hartanoll be fined 40&. and costs, or in default to be committed for SIX weeks; an,( the (wo Perkins' 30s. and costs, or a month's imprisonment. There being nO evidence against Lewis, he wouidotcourae be discharged. ANOTIIEK SEKIOUS ASSAULT. Patrick O'Haran, a diminutive Irishman, was charged with assaulting P.C. Lewis. The constable said As I was on duty near the railway arch in Adam-street, on Saturday night, I heard a cry of murder, when I ran to the bottom 01 David-street, where I saw a man lying on the ground appareutly dead—his face being covered with blood; there were at least 200 persons present; a man was given into my custody itS having struck him, but I did uot take him 1 sprang my rattle for assist- ance, and two other constables came up; at that same moment the prisoner came up, and a man struck me; I kept him off some time, and whilst doing so five or six others attacked me, some beating behind and others ia front; a stone struck me in the side of the head which 0tunned me, and 1 remember nothing more until I found myself in a house. William Miller said I saw the prisoner fling three or four stones at Lewis, the constable, and some ot the crowd struck him while he was on the ground, and he became senseless; it was a little after twelve o'clock on Saturday night; the prisoner was outside the crowd throwing stones; the prisouer was not drunk, but I believe be had been diinkiug. By the prisoner: The greatest portion of the crowd was towards the bridge, and you were a httteoutoithe crowd; a woman went up to you at the end of Rodney- street, and asked ycu if jou did not get a blow irorn a policeman. The Bench said it was clear a mo-t unprovoked assault had been committed, and the magistrates felt it to be their duty to inflict the heaviest penalty the Jaw allowed. he defendant wou'd consequently be required to pay a fine of £ ■> and costs, or in default «ould be imprisoned lor two lIIonths; and they hoped this would be a warning not ouly to the defendant but to all others of the slime class. Margaret Hurley, all old offender, was charged with with frequenting Bute-street fer an immoral purpose, and causing an obstruction 011 Sunday evening last, after being repeatedly cautioned. Fined 20s. aud costs, or one monlh's imprisonment. Catherine Mitchell and Elizabeth Cibson were charged by P.C. Henry Burrows with obstructing the fOOIWIlY ill I1rù.ul-streel, on Sunday evening last. The constable stated that he saw them repeatedly stop respectable per- sons.-They were severally fined 120s., or one month's imprisonment. Jane Jones, for a similar offence in Duke-street on Suu- day evening last, was cautioned and discharged,—it being her first offence of the kind. John Tholins, alias Johnny Noisy, and David Jones, two militia men, were charged wilh In-iiig drunk allll fi^htiuj; in Charlotte-street, at seven o'clock on Sunday evenint! last. 1'.S. Sheppard, who look them iuto cU9toJy, staled thatthey wire fighting u pilehed battle, that ther., were at least three or four hundretl people around thell1, and tllllt the thoroutthfare was obstructed. Joliuov Noisy received an indifferent character. Samuel Hammond, a young hobbler, was charged by Elizabeth Lovett with assaulting her. The Bench con- sidered it a frivolous complaint, but bound the defendant over to keep the peare for two months. Thomas Grubb, the keeper of a brothel in Christina- street, was charged with violently assaulting and beating one Erick Lomber, a Swedish seaman. It appeared from the evidence of the complainant that 011 Sunday night, about nine o'clock, he went into defendant's house and paid lor half a gallon of beer. and bee .use he lefused to pay for any more he was attacked, struck repeatedly, and thrown out of the door; that he fell, cut Ilia face and blackened his eye. The defendant called a witnesstoprovethathe only showed the prisoner and he fell. The Bench consi- dered that au assrult had been committed, and after animadverting on the improper house which defendant kepI, tined him 40s. aud costs. APPLICATION FOn LICENSES. The licenses having beeu adjourned till 12 o'clock, the Magistrates being obliged to atleud a meeting of the Town Council, at that hour a large number AI applicants for "double licenses" were present, C. C. Williams, Esq., and E. P. Richards, Esq, R.G.M of Plasnewydd, were ou the beuch, and the proceedings did not occupy much be- yond hall au hour. There were no fewer than 30 apph- cations, but neatly all were refused. These being the whole of the implications, Mr. Williams said, on the licensing diiyi fortnight since, the Mayor was present, and the whole 01 the old licenses were renewed withtheexceptionofthftIorseandGroom. TheMagit- trates on that day bad taken much trouble in going over all the applications, and hu had now before him the notes then made in each individual case. On that occasion they had agreed that there was no necessity for further licensing; but since that time some more applications had been made; but he did not think there was any necessity for a spirit license to either of them when he came into the hall that morniug. He had since, however, had presented to him a petitioll signed by five medicil gentlemen, who recommended that it was necessary during the prevalence of disease that there should be mote houses in the neighbour- hood of the Canal. He (Mr. Williams) considered that these medical men would not have signed the application if they had not seen the necessity for the house. He had sent to the deputy-surveyor of the town for a map, and on looking over this, although he found there were houses on each side of the Canal, notwithstanding, as spirits were found to allay symptoms of cholera, he quite agreed in the opinion that the application for the house in question should be acceded to. The Dumfries Hotel, in Stuart- street, would, therefore, be the only one licensed in addition to the three granted that day fortnight. The whole of the other applications would be refused. TUESDAY. [Before C. C. Williams and W. Williams, Esqrs.] Benj icit Domenseo, a scamnn belonging to the Austrian brig Visto, was charged with desertion. The captain stated that the defendant left the vessel on the 1st of September, and had not since returned. His agreement, according to articles, was to continue the voyage from Venice to Cardiff, and thence to Constan- tinople. The prisoner objected to serve in the vessel, because four or five others had deserted. The Bench having explained to him that he would be sent to prison'if he did not fulfil his agreement, he was ordered to be sent on bnsrd. John Genge and John Irving, seamen belonging to the barque Margaret, of Loudon, were also charged with desertion. They had respectively left their vessel on the 8th and 9th of September, aud had not since returned to their duty. In reply to the Bench they replied that they had no ob- jection to return to the ship, provided the captain would sign a paper to the effect that he would not stop their wages for the time they had been absent. The captain said be should object to take either of them again. T Mr. C. C Williams But they are fine hearty men and I | should think you would be glad of them. The Cantain I object to take them back, sir. Mr. Williams (to defendants): Under those circumstances t have no alternative but to commit you to prison and I shall order you, Genge, to be confined for four weeks, and you, Irving, foi si* weeks. Irvimr; We've been together for three years, and Id thank you to give us the earua timot. 1 shouldu t like to part with my mite now. Theywetethen removed. A JUVENILE DELINQUENT. James Dampsey, a young Irish boy whose head scarcely reached the top of the dock, was charged with stealing some coals. It appeared that the prisoner, with four or five others, was seen on the previous day taking coal out of one ot Mr. Powell's waggons, uear the Liverpool store. Two or three of the boys were in the waggon throwing the coal out while the others were picking it up and carrying it off. In answer to the Bench, the prisoner said he sold the coal, but he could not tell to whom, nor where the house was situate at which he sold it. He was ordered to be imprisoned for three days, and to be once privately whipped.

STEAM BETWEKN LIVERPOOL AND FRANCE.—It is inteuded to establish a liue of iron screw steamers between the Mersey and the river Lüire, in the west of trance. A commencement was made on Saturday by the launch of a uew trot) screw steamer, nanicd the Loire, from the buil.iiiig-ymil of Mr-s.srs. Tims. Vernon and Sun, at the south-east end of Bruuswick-tlock. It is intended that she shall call at Bordeaux, Chareute, aod Nantes, and the object of the projectors is to avail themselves of the good understanding which now exists between this country and Fraiic.t! in order to realize the full advantages of com- mercial intercourse. — Liverpool Chronicle. BRUM'S GOUT AND RHEUMATIC PILLS.—Extract of a letter, written by John Molard Wheeler, E*q., Collector of Customs, Jamaica, having been handed by his brother,. »t Swindon, to Mr, Prout, for publication:—"I know you have never bud occasion to take B air's Pills, but let me emphatically tell you, in mercy to any friend who may "tiller from gout, rheumatic gout, lumbago, K'iatica, rheu- nutisin, or any^irarich of that widely-allied tamily, to re- commend their lining them. Inthiscountrytheyareof eflicacv 110t only am I p■ersonally aware of their powers, but l see my friends and acquaintances receiving unfailing benefit from their IJ-p. ("ouIJ not be without them on any account. If tkell in the early stasre of disease they dissipate it altogether: if in a later, they alleviate paill. and effect a much epeedier cure than hy any other UIOMIS within my kuawb d^-e."—So.tl by Metfioina Vendors. Seatlie rntma nf fwtyt,$30. QQ tU*

THE CRIMEA. (Trrnslated and nhrir1¡::ed from tLe French of M. Joubert, published in the Journal Universel of the 26th August.) The Crimell-upon whieh the 'probabilities of a warlike descent have drawn Ihe lively attention 01' the puolic-is II peninsula connected with the southern coast uf Hussia by an isthmus, in length about twenty miles, by Ii width which varies from live to 1iftecn mUp., railed by Europeans the iBlhmus of Perecop, aud by Iha Turks and Orientals the iBthmns of Orkapi. This per.insula is bounded on the south. on the 1'1151, and on rart of the north by the Black Sea, and on the re.1 of its circtimfereuce by the mainland-the Straih of Kertt h (or Yenikale), and Ihe sea of Azof, or, to speak more cor- rectly, the Seiach or Putrid Sea, communicating only by II channel about 100 yards wide, with the sea of Azof, from which it is separated by a narrow tongue of land about 60 miles long, called the isthmus of Arabat. The Crimea, known iu ancient times under the name Tauriea Cher- is terminated at the east eud by another peninsula, nearly 8ixty miles lonK, that of KerlBeh-the ancient king- dom of the Bosphorus—which, extending itsel! to the east of a liue drawn Irom Theodosia (or lvaffa) towards Arabat, separates the sea of Azof (the Palus M .eotis of the ancients) from the Black Sea, This peninsula is situateù between the 41th and 4fith degree north, is iu ils greatest length fiome.ist to west, frorn the straits of Kerlsch (or Yenika!c) to the point of Tarkan, 200; and from north to south, 11'0111 the cape Ai Todor (the Kriomnet-opo,¿ oi the Greeks) 10 Ihe entrench- ment formerly destined to close thc iSlhmus of Perecop. The southern part of the Crimea, from Baiaklava to KafTa, for about twenty miles in width. is hilly, and the valleys coveted with woods, gardens, and vineyards, well walered by the streams which descend frol1l the snowy summits of the mouutnius; ridges of rocks and verdant hillock5 exhibit sites sometimes severe, sometillles delight- ful, oud always picturesque, which recal the finest regions of Switzerland and Italy. The shores especially, shdlered from the cold winds óf the north, enjoy a temperature wlllch permits the culture of Ihe trees and plants of the soulh,-it is the garden of Kussia; but, on the contrary, the northern part, and the entire peninsula of Ivertscb, is olle immense snudy plain, frequently 811line. without Irees, without streams, burning in summer, freezing in winter, and almost eutuely uninbabiled and uncultivated. The climate of the hilly country is more mild and more equal than that of the plain, and people attribute the intermit- tent fe,ere-kuown as the Crimean fever-which it is very diiJicuit to get l'id of, to the cold uights 8ucceedi::Jg tbe hot days. Thc rapid successions of heat and cold. taking away all regularity iu the seasons, the Tartars have H very singular manner of dividing lite year. Thc spring commeuce* on the 23d of April aud ends on Ibe 22d of June, lasting sixty days; afterwards comes that which they term the IOllg tummer," from the 23 1 of June to the end of Julv; the interval, from the 1st to the 25th August, they call A ";¡asIOs Ihe 26th of August th..yeurer on the autumn, which is prolongeù to tbe 26th October tile thirty-six following days belong t,) no season ill particular; the winter commences on the 1st December and ends on Ihe 4th of February; it is followed by tweu ty- four days calle(1 Uutschukat; and the fifty-three days, fr"m tbe 1st of March to the 33d April, forlll an intermediate 8pace between the winter allll the spring. 111 tl1Pir antipAthy to the Russians, the inhabitants fire- tend tilat tbe winters a,l! longer and colder since the country has bceu uuder their rule. If the Rtisfitn provillct's, situate between the Volga and, the Dniester, are without historical traditions, or anti(IIJi- ties, the Crimea, to make amends, b'I11 tile traces of numer. OU8 alld divers (1IItio!Js who have successively inhabited it, It iH almost hlended with the fabulous tales aud histories which amused our childhood and the rise 01 some of tlw:,e towns carries us back a period of more thau 2,400 years. It was not far from Sevastopol, ot Ihe south-west (willt of the peninsula, where once 5tood the temple of Diana, where Ipliiiceuia recognizcd her brother, whom she was going tn paerifiee to the implacable divinities. It was lit Kertsch (thc ancient Pautieapaeum) ^hat Mithridates Ihe Grcat, King of Pontus, was conquered by Poiupey. KaO"a (or Theodosia) recals, by its Irali:ll1 8.pect, the dominion of the Gen<>cse, that little republic thal established ils eolollií's and its factories Oil all the coasts of the Mediterranean alld tbe Black Sea. Atliagtcbe Lecai f íor the Garden Palaces) 8 masterpiece of orielltal architecture, shows ltS wilh ",hal fantastic pomp the Khans uf Tarlary HtrroUlldcd themselves, men whom we represent as nomade "al ripr-, strangers 10 all art, as well 118 Ihe sweets of civilization. Upon Ihid classic land one is able to follow, step by stcp, rhe passages of the Greeks, the Romall8, the Genoese, Ihe Tartars, and the Turb, who successively occupied it before the Russians. The Cimmerians J appear to have been the (irst inhabi- tants of the Crimea, kuown in Iheir time by the name (If Taurida, which Catharine restored. Those paviige people immolated without pily any unfortunate.men whom telll- pests threw upun their iOhoFpitahle shores, calling upou their gods 10 sanction the crimes which, in their eagerness for plunder, and their hatred for everything foreign, they were about to commit. The Greeks and, most of all, the Milesian8. attracted by § the fcrtlllty of the soil, and tbe facilities offered to (com- merce, founded numerous .colonie8 along the coast; one of the most remarkable was Cherson, the chief town of the Ciiersouese l1efaclin, a point of land on the south of the bay or road of Sevastopol, formerly separated from the rest of the Crimea by 1& deep trench anù by a wall which tlw Greek clllouisls had built in order to defend thelllselves from the incursions of the natives. The Chersonese republic continued until the close of the 7tb century of the Chris- tian era. Kana-or Theodosia—on the east coast, not far from the sea of Azof Kert.t:h; or Pnnticapaeuin, on Ihe strait of the same namc, foi merly the Cimmerian Bospborus Nym- phaeum, I1l1d smile other Greek colonies, were originally so mauy 8\11all republics, were united by conquest, and became the killgd"1lJ of the Bosphorus, sometimes con- querors of, sometimes Iriburaril's to thc Sarmiiti.ins. It is tu une of the first among thelll-Lcu<;OIl-.1 skilful prince, but who was obliged to struggle constantly auainst those feelings of liberry ",hirh "cre shaking his authority, yet but feebly secured, to whom is attriuuted a saying, dreadful, but very characteristic of Ille necessities of all power founded by violence. Having learned that olle of his agents had, by means of lalse accusations, caused the death ot many InllOCellt pcrson,¡-" Wretch," scuù he to lum, I should put you to ceaih if such atrocious villains us thou were not necessary 10 all despots." It was frorn Pautieapaeum hilt Mithridas Eupator, who had united by conquest the IUlIgdon of the Bosphorus and almost the whole 01 tile Crimea, tll that 01 his own klllgdolll of Pontus, prepared to set out, cross the !.lin, k Sea, ami by IIscending the Danube carry the war illto Italy. Betrayed by his son, an(1 deserted by his u, my, the ullfortUllllle prince perished, leavillg hi. kingdoms iu the hallus uf lhe ¡{omans. The northern tribes successively occupied and I/lid waste the country but the inhabitants uf the south-went still re- mained submissive to the Greek empire until the iuvasion of the Tartars of the Golden J lorde. The noniHiles uuder tile cOUll/lálhl of Batie Khan (A,n, 1237) scattered themselves over Persia, Hungary, and Poland, aud seized upou the Crimea, which b. c lIue lhe residence ot one of the d..øcelldalll8 oftlie conqueror. The tolerallcc of tlieir new maslers permitted commerce to flourish a^ain in the laud destined to become a store- house for Europe amI Asia. The Genoese soon after, ..t- trdctc(1 by the hope 01 p, ulil4ble trdllS8CtiollS. purchased uf one of Ihe sultaus the corner of land on which, unller pre- tence of a factory, they rebuilt Kalla, aod very soon (Oltl- fied it sO liS 10 fear nothing from their neighbours. Baiaklava, Sondagh, and other colonies secured to those republicans the sway over those rich tracts of lalld, they were even preparing to invade the whole O!;tIC peninsula, when Mahomet 2d (.D, 147:3) called by the lartais, obliged the nenocse towus 10 capitulate, put t-arrisons 10 ilieir most important places, and restored the others to the Khans, who became bis vas.als,. Since this period the Crimea was the, piincipal phee of little Tartary, an immense empire whIch extended itself nearly from the "rnth to the Volga. It was inhabited by tbe Tartars—properly so called—who occupied the pen- insula; the Nogay, wand, rers between the Danube and the Dun; and the Circassians, who were Bellied by the eastern horders 01 the black S^'a, aud the lower olop". of the Caucasus. But the Russians were now extending their conquests southward; tliey had to avenge the ravages whieit the Tartars had otlen pushed almost ro the gat-s of Moscow. III the wllr of li.J(j.40 Mllfsllal Munich, aftcr having carri..d by assault the entrenchment at Perecop, penetrated as far :1; Sympbecopol, and devastated all the country as he passed. 1 he following year, Marshal Lasey crossed the straits of C¡.t..ntfclll, unlllald waste the plains of tl.e Crimea. These invasions were again renewed in 176'.) an,1 1774, lintl trans- formed into a'desert the whole of the northern portiun of the Crimea, when the treaty of Kainardgei obliged the sub- IlIne Porte to acknowledge the independence oftlie 1(lIau.. By thhpreteIJded act of freedom, the Tartars WHtJ brought iuto slavery, Russia belilJving herself unable to obtain the cession of this province fron1 Turkey to which all their religious prejudices were opposed. Fomenting afterwards, by her intrigues, the broils 1o which, .by the former stipulations of "the treaty she was obliged to remain a stranger, she interfered between the Khan and his revolted slll>jcCl8, and under the pretence of protection, occupied the states of Chaleyu Griérai, who, ere long. ashamed of the part he had to play, ceiled the state" to Catharine sooner thau remain II nominal sovereign, when he waS, in reality, only a slave 01 the geneTlsb of the empress. In 1783 the incorporation of the Crimea afj part of the Russian Empire was diplomatically completed and the Czars commenced to prepare at Sevastopnl the means for, some day or other, invading Turkey, for this peninsula was for them only the high road tu COlIstantinople,1I If the Tartar race, abandoned to themselves, were unable to oppose an effeclual resistance 10 their invaders, one party, at least, comprising almost the whole of the nobilitv, refuseù to 81lbmlt to the domination of the cI¡lIquerori- diffeiing from them in customs, speaking auother language, aud profeuing another religion—they escaped the yoke by emigration. The plains thus lost the small number of inhabitanu who bad survived the bloody excursious of the Russians. The mountains alone preserved part of the population, who, more attacheu to their soil, lived in their native land apart from the conqueror*, guarding with great care their last repository of tlleir usall.es-thelr language and tludr religion-all that now remained to them of IlJeir nationality. After seventy years' possession, the Russians in the Crimea form but. small minorilyalllong a people with whom they have no other tie than that of authority, and are delested by them as strongly as in the first days ot the conquest. For tbe most part functionaries and 801dier", they form a distinct and superior caste. The south coast ill for them ouly a pleasant retirement, where their bouses and palaccs are more or less sumptuous, permit Ihe subjects of the Czar to enjoy wilhout leaving liuscia all the products "fthe climate ot Asia Minor. In the 200,000 inhabitants of the Crimea, the Russian (1fa-ants (serfs transplanted for the pleasule or profit of theil masters), not including the sailors or soldiers, only number about 3,000. The Greeks, Armenians, ønd Jews, number Itboul 4,500, and reside mostly in thc towns. The foreign colonists, for the most part Germans, called ill to bring the waste lands into cultivation, are ubout 3.000 more. The retnaindjr, except some thousllnds of gipsies, are of the Tartar race, who form about J9.tweutieth8 uf the whole population. The Greeks anù Armenians were formerly much mOle numerous, but Catherille concealing her desire to repeople southern Russia, by a pretended interest for, her co-religionists, transported by force iuto the steppes 01 lhe Don and the Dnieper, all the christian inhabitanh of the Crimea, who got supported the authority of the Khans- more than 30,000 Ilccording to some, double that according to others, WHe therefore compelled to (i* themselves Oil the desert, whell owing to the fatigue of II long march, • Kertsch was the first town built in the Crimea hy a Greek co lOllY, and by them called PaTlticlIpaettll&. This was the capital or the ancient kingdom of the ilosplloru. it was en- larged aud heautified by Mithridales iiupator, and here he met llis death. His 9011 l'hamacis continued llle war wllh the Humans, anù lost his life and his kinHdolll (13 c. 17), and Casiar wrote from J'auticapaeulU his t!ver.famou. úespalch-" Veui, villi, vici." f The capital 01 the Crimea, when under the Tartar Khans, whose palace is still in existence. J The Cimllwri"ns, or Cimbriaus, saiJ to be the descendants of lioraer, the granùsou of Noah, became It great and powerful nation, ami being of nomade habits, OVerran a great portion of Asia aull Europe, penetrating as far aN the û¡¡Ullùe. Their name still survives in that part 01' the § The Crimea was first colonized by the Milesians (inhabi- buts of the city of Miletus, ilI Asia Minor) about the year 600, B.C. It is a malter of no liltle interest ilt lilis moment, when all the mighty kingdoms (ur as the phrase now is tli" great po IVers") uf the earlh, are about to do battle for thi. comparatively insignificant province —it might amuse as well as instruct, tll enquire what all the mighty kingllums of the earth were about when this IUtll1 ur adventurers Iroin :\Iiletu9 «vere .building the purt tuwn uf thii peninsula. When tile Crinwa was first colonized, Johuiakim was king uf Judah, Nebuchadnezzar was reigning in Chaldea, setting up his golden image, anJ had introduced" watering machines'' inlo the streets "f l'.aby Ion. The I'haraolu were ruling in Egypt; anil the then king Pharaoh Necho had eslablished a rojal 1\V.1', an,1 was cutting a canalt,) connect the Mediteranean with the Red Sea. Solon, lhe Athenian legislator, was publishing his elegies, aud remodelling the constitution (whieh bJ the way was 9UOII alter followed by au inccftne tax uf len per cent.) (tOIlW was in its in. fancy, aud its fifth king, Tar<|uiuiccs !Uscus, bad built a ,"ireu>, aud was then busy with 111" water supply," and" lhe drain- age of th.il)." Three of the Jour great Prophets were living -Jl'ruIl1iah, preachil1¡: it) the streets of Jerusalem; Daniel, a captive in Babylon { and Kaiekiel, thundering hil prophecies a.'»iimt l.gypt am) Ch¡¡,lclea, || t'riuue l'u1t>mk\11 erected a mcmiraent at Khorsou \0 record tli" triumllh uf Uussla, anti had engraved an H 1\ hand pointing '«" \1QÑ,t ""IJ \1,} the carelessness of the authorities who had nothing pre. pared fur their reception, and the cold fiercer than in the Crimea, nearly the whole of them perished. The Greeks are composed chiefly of the descendants of certain inhabitants of the Archipelago; who, compromised in the war of 1769-74 for having taken the part of Russia against the Porte, came at the peace to seek refuge in the Crimea. The Government gave them lands, anil formed them into a body of militia (still in existence) specially appointed to guard the coasts. As to the ancient Jewish inhabitants, they nearly all belong to the sect named Karaim, or Karaiteo, who pretend to have still preserved to them the pure faith of Abraham and Moses, without any later ally, with the doctrines of the Talmud. Being strangers to the history of the Jews and the death of Christ, they have neither hatred nor con- tempt for the Christians or Mahommedans, by whom they in their turn are received with good-will. As to the Greeks, not labourers or sailors, they with a few exceptions follow those equivocil professions, upon which the po!icc of the country is obliged to exercise II vigilant watchfulness.

REFOBMATORT INSTITUTION FOR TIIE WEST OF ENGLAND —A most important and influential meeting was held at the Castle, Exeter, ou Friday last, at which the High Slierill of Devon, Air. K. S. (jarJ, presided, ior the purpose of establishing a reformatory ).choot, ill compliance with the Juvenile Olleuders Act, pas>cd dating the last session. This being almost the first movement iu favour of the new scheme, unusual interest was attached to it, and several members of Parliament were present. The requlsitioll to theSheriu, was s'gned by lvirl Fortescue, Lord Lieutenant of Devon, l.Oitl Ebrington, Viscount Courtenay, tbe Mayor of Eteter, and several members of 1'arliaineiit and other persons ofdistinctiou. Mr. Sdlifaut, county magistrate, moved the filst resolution, to the eil'ect that it was desirable that a reformatory school should be established, which was eecouded by Sir Stafford Noithcote, who sp.ike in the highest terms of the advantages likely to be derived from the Juvenile Offenders Act. Mr. Sillifant stated that the number of juvenile prisoners in the Devon County fj .ol, iu 18.51, was ü7, of whom 37 were totally uneducated; in 1S52, there were 52, of whom ol) could uot read while in 1853 there were 51, of whom "2,; were utiuble to read. Sir John Keuuaway next moved that the proposed new re- formatory school be incorpotated wilh the DevulI and Exeter Refuse for Discharged Prisoners, which war esta- blished iu 183G, and which hud recently been visited by a Government inspector, on whose recommendation the Home Secretary bad sent a j jvenile offender to be confined there under the new act, the mm o! f> pt.r week being paid by Government for his support. Since the opening of the institulltH\ ttll'rc had beeu I(H 1It:'1:I()ns eonlÏ''l!d in it, of whom SI) bad been pl iced out in service. The motion was secouded by tbe Rev. Canon Rogers, ,\j r. S, T. K..ke- wicli, county magistrate, moved Uie appointment of a com- mittee, which wax seconded by the Rev. Coancellor Haringtosi, who nave some interesting information rela- tive totbe progress of education. The Mayor of proposed that Uti appeal Rhollld be made 101 subscription-, which was seconded by the lion. W. W, Aluiugtou. Sp1' resolutions were adopted and, on tl.e motion ol Sir Uj Aciand, M.I' ►ecoi.del by Sir S. Northc. te, a vote o. thanks was accorded to the High SherilV. was unable to be prevent, but forwarded a donation o aud upwards of £ 700 was auouneed before the clo e ot the proceedings. There is not the slightest duut.t that! the in- stitution will he established and its advantages will uot be confine I,to Devonshire, but be open to tile nirroundtiig counties, it w-tr also intimated during the meeting that one subject which the managing committee would have to consider would b# tt« <Q th« a«'irt»biliiy ut admitting juve- uiles into the institution who had committed no yHeuce, but Wllf. HOLLOWAY'S PILLS a sure Remedy for Female Com- plllinh.-Th., invigorating and purifying properties of these invaluable Pills render them safe and even infallible, they may be taken by females of all ages who nre suffering from any disorganisation of the system, preventiug those distressing diseases which frequently occur (from inatieii- tion) at the turn of life. It has been incontestibly proved by experience that these Pills arc the very best icmcdics ever known for the cure of those disorders to which females are liable, and when taken at certain periods there need be no apprehension of dropsy. As a family medicine they rank prc-emiuent.

FROM FRIDAY'S LONDON GAZETTE.—SEP. 15. ADMIRALTY, SF.PT. 15. The following promotions, dated the tith inst., have this day taken place, consequent on the death, ou the 10th inet., of Admiral of the Blue, John Dick Vice-Admiral Right Honble. Irederick William Lord Aylmer, C.B., on the Reserved Half.pay List, to be Ad- miral Oil the same list. Vice-Adnxrai of the Red Richard Thomas to be Admiral of the Blue. Vice-Admiral of the White Hoo. Sir Anthony Maitland, K.C.B., K.C.M.G., to be Vice-Admiral of the Red. Vice-Admiral of the Blue Henry Hope, C.B., to be Vice- Admiral of the White. Rear-Admiral Edward Henry A'Court Repington, on the Reserved Half-pay List, to be Vice-Admiral on the same list. Rear-Admiral of the Red Edward Ilaivey to be Vice- Admiral of the Blue. Rear-Admiral of the Whi'e Sir Edmund Lyons, Bart., G.C.B., K.C. H., to be Rear-Admiral of the Red. Rear-Admiral of the Blue Hon. HeuryjJohn Rou3 to be Uear-Admiral oftlie White. Captain Simuel Thornton to be Rear-Admiral on the Reservetl Half-pay List. Captain Frederick William Beechey to be Rear-Admiral of the Blue. COMMISSIONS signed by the LORD-LIEIJTENAKT of the County of GLAMORGAN. Royal Glamorgan Light Infantry Militia. Milo Maher, E-q., to be First-Lieut. Saint Vincent Tyler, E'q., to be Second-Lieut. BANKRUPTS. Joseph William Hall, Carditr, dealer in agricultural imple- ments, Oct. 5 and 24, at 11 o'clock at the Bristol District Court of Bankruptcy; solicitors, Messrs. Bartholomew and Randall. Gray's-inn and Messrs. Bevan and Giiling, Bristol; official assignee, Mr. Ilutton, Bristol. Thomas Youugman, Pitfield-street, Iloxton, linemlraper William Tboiiia«, Bridge-street, Blackfriars, and Noble- street, commis-ion-agent Stephen Harris, Kingston-upon-Thamcs, ironmonger John Culleu Penford, Park-terrace. Chelsea, oilman Ann Maria Edwards and Thomas Cooper, Coventry, irou- mongers William Brailsfor.l, Nottingham, srmllware dealer William Holbrook, Nottingham, joiner Ebenezer Wiiiiams, St. David's, Pembrokeshire, drusgist Horatio Collier, jun., Pains wick, Glouceateridiire, blanket manufacturer lhom.is llutchings, Axminster, Devonshire, nurseryman John I horneley, lloltoll-le-Mollrs, Lancashire, drysalter David Scott, Konthport, Lancashire, pork butcher Thomas Parker, Southport, Lancashire, hotel keeper TUESDAY'S I.OK DON G AZETTE.—SEPT. 19. THE POLL AT ELECTIONS. By an Order in Council, dated the loth of September. 1S64, Her Majesty has been pleased to direct that Castle- town, Mar-difield, Mayor, Croes-y-Keilop, Llanvrechva, Tredegar. Bedwellty, Raglaud, Trelleck, and Cross Ash, Lantiho Peltholey, shall be polling places in the county of Monmouth; that the Itoel.: Inn. Bedwellty, shall cease to be a polling place, and that Newbridge, Mynyddyslwyn, shatt he substituted 118 a polling place in lieu thereof. COMMISSIONS signed hy the LORIF^LIEUTENANT of the County of GLAMORGAN. Royal Glamorgan Light Infantry Militia. HarJress de Luttrell Saunderson, Esq., to be Major. BANKRUPTS. Ebenezer Heath, Bridge-house-place, Ncwington-causeway leather-mercer John Clarke, New Cavendish-street, Fortland-place, and Upper Marylebo. tie-street, surgeon Eliza Mary Ager, Victoria-terrace, Kennington, baker Henry John Steuart, St. James's Hotel, Jermyn-street. hotel-keeper William Crule. jun., Rood-lane, East India merchant William Rollasen, jun., Birmingham, tinplate-worker Charles Doody, Stoke-upon-Treut, tailor John Moats, sen., Spalding, coal-merchant George Gillatt, Barnsley, Yorkshire, confectioner John Swales, Openshaw, Lancashire, ironmonger

[To NDON MARKETS, CORN-KXCHANGE, MONDAT. At this morning's market there was a moderate show of wheat from the home counties, and there were very fe- offers from Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire. Almost the whole of the supplv wai of the new crop; the condition was tine, and the quality very good. Factors commenced by asking very high prices, but they afterwards became some- what more icasonable, when a clearance was made at price. 4s. to 5s. per quarter above those current on this day week. The fresh arrivals of foreign wheat were trifling in the ex- treme, and there is little prospect of any addition being made to our stocks. The country demand was scarcely oil active as of late, and local buyers conducted their operation* with considerable caution this, however, did not prevent holders demanding a rise ot 2s. to 34. per quarter, and were sales were made the advance was obtained. Floating cargoes were held at a similar enhancement. The millers, finding that the value of whewt continues to move up, had to raise the top price of flour 5s. per sack to-day. American was about 2s. per barrel dearer, and in good request. parley of home growth was scarce, and sold fully as well as on this day week. Foreign, for grinding, was held Is. to 2s. per quarter higher in consequence of the rise in other feeding articles. Malt did not vary in value. The fresh arrivals ot oats were perfectly insignificant, and the market was very bare this morning. Archangel oats were let. to 2s. and all others suits fully per quatter higher than on this day week. The new bems are very dry and good, and IR. per quarter over last Monday's rates. White peas were 2s. to 3.. per quarter dearer. In eloverseed and trefoil there are uO transactions passing- There has been more inquiry fur rape- seed, at an advance of about 4- per quarter. Winter tare' met a good demand, and were noted 1-. per bushel dearer. New lye for seed was fully as dear. Owing to the weather, a very moderate business has been transacted III this market, In prices, however, scarcely any change has taken place. S. 8. T 9. Wheat English.VJ 73 White Peas .10 49 Kye — — j Gray Peas 80 50 Barley.0 .15 | Oats (Potatoe) 27 3-4 Malt PS 7- Ditto ( Feed) 24 2M Beans 41 5(5 j Flour 44 W

THE MKTAL IKADE. Metal Market, London, August It, IS.'rl. iiig the past week our market lias b,etl exceedingly dull and inactive. Coi'i'En still maintains its price, and there appears •"» probability of any alteration taking place at pre«ent. In >N.— I'he demand s-till continues goutl, alld the W01K9 are well supplied with ciders, the exports showing that considerable quantity is being shipped. Scotch I'i^s h«vt- railier receded in price, but llicra is vety lutle, it any, bust" lless doing ill them. LRAD.—There i. nothing of moment to notice ill this metal. SPELTER.—The market continues very firm, with an up* ward tendency, aud may now be quoted about los. adviinC upou our prices ol last week. There is all entire absence of speculation in the market, the demaud being entirely for consumption. TIN -English still maintains its price, and there is nit symptom of want of firmness ill the market. 111 Foreign, though lutle business is doing, holders are indisposed l. accept lower rates. TIN-PLATES have obtained h slight advance, ttii(I fird now very dillicult to meet with under the price. quoted. UuiCKStLVEit lias rather given way in price, and now be bought on somewhat easier terms.— Mining Joui»a C s. d. L s. ,l luoN—^urs, Welsh, in London ..ton 10 ;) t)- IU II) Ù Ditto, to arrive i) 17 ti-Iu I) d Nail rods 11 u o-ii 0" Bars, Staffordshire, in Loudon 13 10 0-11 0 I) Nail ltuds ditto 11 0 0— U 0 0 Hoop? ditto 13 (I 0-1-1 ■> Sheets (single) 14 ;> 0-14 10 d l'ig.No.l.Ohde 4 o 3- 4 4 d No. 1, in Wales 4 Li a- 4 Ii Refined Metal, ditto 5 0 U— 5 1'' 0 liars common, ditto tf lo i) (I (I Ditto, railway, ditto S U U—8 ■> tI 13 0 U-1-1 10 d Stirling's Nou-laminating, or Hardened Surface K.iil (j 0 0—9 2 0 l'i,te,, t i,i 0 0 t'— 3 ô Toughened I'igs S iuW ales. 4 0 t)- 4 5 u Indian Charcoal I'i^s iu Londou 0 0 d odd W I!w'r.¡tnlt'd Pal. M\'till.cwt. U « O- :l t) STHKL —Swedish ke;{ 2 t 0 0- II U Do. la^ot *1 U 0 0 SpRLTua —Oil the spot per ton •' —. 0 f Ditto, to arrive I) 1)- 0 t) « XINC—In sheet 0 (! UolTHli— Sheets,sheathing Si. noils.. II). 0 U t) — 0 I Hollo ms 0 U (/- 0 I Old copper. t) Q u— 0 1 0 i 15e st selected ..tun 0 0 0-l'„"J 0 « Tough cake u 0 U-I JIj 0 0 v'n 0 0 U-12,i ° \ellow Metal () () 0 j u outh American () (l— o 0 '• D ton. i 0 0— J3 10 tl ^■et u () 0a 0 Spanish, iu bond J3 10 0—-S3 0 TIM—Block 0 o.m <> 0 Ingots 0 0 0— 0 d 0 liar o 0 0-11 u 11 Helmed. 0 0 0-118 0 drain o 0 0-0 u 0 Fine grain 0 0 Bauea 114 0 15 0 (\ Straits Ill 0 Tu Plvius—1(1 Coke boi I ? ° U d IXditto u 0 d HI Charcoal I 1;, lI- (J U 0 IX U 0 « Canada plates ton 0- II QUICKSILVER ILT,(' 0 111 -0. f. 18,7,4. Published by the sole rroi'rieU'r'. "KNUY WR .U5!- AT his resilience, Uiu Parish ol ttniut John the Uaptist, in th" j "W" L'ar.liif ami County ol Glamorgan, an*' 1,11' l)y huil at |lls (;r!ie!:il Priutiug 6llice in l.>uke-Blreel, i„ lhe sajll pari!4|. „/ Saint John, in the °|va ,U1(' bounty aforesaid. Advertisements m"' "eis received by the following Ageiits LON I)ON ,-iiil,lor Newton & C(J,> :j> ,u v''ek-square Mr. G. lleyne!l» Chancei v-bun- Mr. Ueiicon, t, Walbrook, near the Mansion-bouse lessrs. Thomas & levies, I, Fiui h- latic, Mt.C. Barker, U, iltlciiia-u, \y. I.Hwsou ami Son, 74 stieet, leet-sireet \[r- \y. Thomas, 21, Catheiim'- street, Si rand W, liverett atul Son, 14, Finch-lane, aud 17, Uoyal Kxdnm.r, and Charles H. -May, Com- mercial Chambers, ;5;j, Uraeeehureli-stieet. U.IJil, AUIiKTS: — A. IM! It DAUB Thos_ Evans. Leyshon, Stamp <)tli';t: M Kti-ru Yii A!,» M. W. White, Station* NuwuniDGB Mr. C. Bassett, Chemist, <*•" N hvvroux Mr. M. Kv.tns, Stationer, ami M^' Eu.v,;r.is, Commercial -street. MKATU >r_ W. 1'. lvcefl* »» Mr. Alfred llayman, Chemi'1 SWANSEA Mi. E. CJtiluths, I'riuter, Uigh-AU'1^1 TjiiiiAiJU .Mr. Juntas LSiri.1, C\v»n Avoti VVoik* Aud by ail Postmasters ;iu«t Clerks on Ihe ivouU. This paper is regularly lileil in London ut r Coffee-house, Citj, -feel's CoHVe-hottm», b leet-stfee^' "The Chuptey Colfee.hotinSj 8t. J'»ul't|i — DeucoU Culfee-houso, Wnlbrook 5 City ♦Nfvv? tubule.