The Cardiff and Merthyr Guardian Glamorgan Monmouth and Brecon Gazette

Mr. Chovet, a surgeon, having by many experiments on dogs. discovered that opening the windpipe would prevent the fatal consequences of the halter, undertook Mr. Gordon's, and made an incision in his windpipe: the effect of which was, that when Gordon stopt his mouth, nostrils, and ears for some time, air enough came through the cavity to con- tinue life. When he was hanged, he was perceived to be alive after all the rest were dead; and when he had hung three quarters of an hour, being carried to a house in Tyburn-road, he opened his mouth several times and groaned, and a vein being opened, he bled freely; it was thought if he had been cut down five minutes sooner, he might have recovered. Gordon was a butcher, but had been for twenty years and more a reputed highwayman.

CARDIFF POLICE—MONDAY. [Before James Lewis, Esq.] George Richards, pilot, was charged with having been drunk, riotous, and very violent on Friday evening, in Saint Mary-street. He pleaded guilty. Mr. Lewis: Now George, you have been here so often thAt I do not know what to fine you. Superintendent Stockdale: He has never paid one fine yet, sir; aud this is his third conviction. Will you call on him for sureties, that he will never get drunk any more, as you may do by Act of Parliament ? Mr Lewis That is too hard, as I think no man ought to be called on for such sureties. I will fine him for being drunk again. I hope he will pay up all arrears. If he does not pay the fine and costs of to-day I request that you will order the stocks to be got ready. [To defendant.] And now, George, unless you pay the fine and costs within a week, which the law allows you, you shall certainly be ex- posed for six hours in the stocks. Superintendent Stockdale He was convicted on the 14th of Aug. of having been drunk, and fined. He has not paid that fine yet, sir. Will you order him immediately into the stocks for that? I assure you, sir, that when drunk he is very violent. It takes four or six men to hold hiin. The last conviction was 12:1. George Richards: 1 paid that, sir. Superintendent Stockdale: To whom? George Richards To you, sir. Superintendent Stockdale: No, the money you paid me was the fine inflicted upon you for beating jour father. We are now talking of your drunkenness. Mr. Lewis: Well, George, you are fined 5s. and costs; and unless it is paid within a week you'll go into the stocks. Now, miml. Superintendent Stockdale He'll not pay it, sir. What I want is, that you should require him to give sureties; because if he did so, his friends, who are very respectably connected, will keep two persons to watch him. The defendant, who has scarcely attained the age of man- hood, then left the room. ROBBERY BY A CHARWOMAN.— Bridget English was charged with having stolen a sovereign, and other articles, the pro- perty of Mr. Macey, landlord of the Griffin Inn, Saint Mary- street. It appeared by the evidence of Mrs. Macey that the prisoner was in the habit of working as a charwoman at the Griffin; & that on Saturday last in changing her dress Mrs. Macey left her purse in her pocket. The purse contained three sovereigns and a half iu gold, and between thirty and forty shillings in silver. The dress to which the pocket was attached, Mrs. Macey left in her dressing-room; and then went down stairs to the bar. The prisoner was at work in an adjoining part of the house at the time; and she had, in the discharge of her duties, occasion to go into Mrs. Macey's room. About twenty minutes after Mrs. Macey had left her room she missed her purse, ran upstairs, found her dress as she had left it, and no person in the room. She wanted change for a half-crown, and only went to the silver side of the purse. She did not reckon her money then; but in about an hour afterwards she found that sbe had a sovereign less in gold than she ought to have had, namely, JE2 I Os. instead of dE3 10s. Subsequently, in consequence of something that had transpired, Mrs. Macey went to pri- soner's house and taxed the prisoner in her husband's presence with the robbery; but prisoner positively denied it. Mrs. Macey then saw in the house three plates and some glasses, which were her property. In removing one of the glasses, which was on the mantel-piece, a half- sovereign fell from under it. Mis. Macey picked it up and kept it. Prisoner said it belonged to her husband. Pri- soner said that Mrs. Sait, who formerly lived at the Griffin, and whose furniture and fixtures Mr. Macey had purchased, had given her the plates and glasses. Mrs. Macey, accom- panied by P.C. Murray, found in prisoner's residence a tea-spoon, a nut-crack, a bottle of ginger wine, some wine and other glasses, and plates—all of which were identified as being the property of Mr. Macey.— Eliza Holloman said that on Saturday afternoon, at about four o'clock, she was upstairs with the prisoner. After Mrs. Macey went down, prisoner went into her room; and witness heard the jingling of a purse, and also heard the prisoner counting money. As soon as Mrs. Macey missed the sovereign, witness told her what she had heard. —Mary Thomas, servant at the Griffin Inn, said that a silk umbrella which P.C. Murray found on Saturday in prisoner's house was last seen by her in the Griffin on the 5th of September. It was her property. —Prisoner was committed for trial at the quarter sessions. [Before Walter Coffin, Esq., and James Lewis, Esq.] EVADING TURNPIKE TOLLS.— Eran David, of Roath, was charged with having gone through the east turnpike gate, riding on a horse, on the evening of the 16th September, and with having refused to pay the toll, thereby defrauding the lessee of the tolls of the sum of three half-pence.— Mr. John Bird, who appeared for the complainant, briefly stated the facts of the case, saying that on the evening in question. as soon as Evan David had refused twice to pay the tolls, the toll-collector (William Blake) immediately caught in the bridle of the horse—a proceeding which he was perfectly justified in taking, inasmuch as the law au- thorises him to seize or distrain upon any horse with respect to which tolls are not paid. Blake met with considerable resistance-was struck violently over bis shoulders with a stick by Evau David, who succeeded in extricating the horse from Blake's grasp, and in getting away. On the following Monday morning Evan David called at the gate, and ten- dered Blake the toll, which Blake then refused to take, as he had been assaulted. Evan David theu went and ob- tained a summons against Blake, who was convicted of the assault; but to that conviction, and to the circumstances under which it had taken place, he (Mr. Bird) would not now allude. However, as Evan Ddviu's evasion had been most flagrant, and his imposition most complete, he (Mr. Bird) asked the magistrates to convict in the full amount named in the act (£5) should the evidence support his state ment.— William Blake was then sworn, and fully corrobo- rated Mr. Bird's opening. He was thoroughly suppoited by an interesting little boy.—r £ van David said that hehai been first assaulted, and further, that the horse upon which he was riding at the time toll was demanded, had been em- ployed in hauling hay all day, and, therefore, toll could not have been legally demanded. In resisting Blake's demand, Evan David said he was only resisting an illegal clai'n, and was justified in doing so. lie was put upon his oath, and swore that the horse had only been used in hauling hay.— The magistrates dismissed the case, believing that Evan David was entitled to exemption from toll at the time re- ferred to, and which exemption it appeared he (David) had claimed at the time. Blake was ordered to pay the costs. Paid. ASSAULT.—John Davies, a lad, was charged with having assaulted a little girl. named Ellen Maloney, by throwing a stone at her, by which her lip was cut through, and one uf her teeth knocked out On account of the youth of defen- dant (twelve years), the magistrates declined entering into the case at present, but directed that the summous should be hehl ill terrorem over him. Dr.SERTL.va WifE AND CIULDIIEN.- Richard Mason, nailer, was charged by Mr. Edward John, relieving-olficer, with having deserted his wife aud children, leaving them chargeable to the parish of Saint John's.—It was said that defendant has frequently acted in the manner imputed to him. He and his family generally cost the parish about ten pounds a year.—Committed to the House of Correction for fourteen days, with ttard labour. [Before James Lewis, Esq 1 STEAUXG APPLES.—John Wutts and John Jones-two great hulking fdlows-wcre charged with having robbed the Cathays gardens. Mr. William Jackson said that the apples found in tli2 possession of the prisoners by P.C. Murray (as stated in our last) had been stolen from the above gaidens, of which he had the care, as gardener to the trustees of the Infant Marquess of Bute. The apples pro- duced were the ScHoe sort of apples as are grown at Cathays. About a bushel of apples were lound in prisoners' possession by P.C. Murray, at an early hour of Thursday morning last. — Severally convicted in the penalty uf 20". over and above the value of the apples, 4s. and costs iu default 01 payment to be imprisoned, with hard labour, for three weeks Uforge trdliams, seaman, and John Lewis, labourer, were charged with having stolen apples ftoai Mr. Houghton's o.-chaid at Tue Splott. The pr.soners were stopped in NeUoa Terrace at h-df-pa-t two in the morning, by P.C. Plumley, having the apples in their possession. Remanded, in order that the attendance of Mr. Boughton may be pro- cured. Evan Thomas, of Treforest, was charged with stealing a rudder; or helm, the property of Thomas Powell, Esq. but as no one appeared to prosecute, the case was dismitlsed,- in the meantime SuperiuteuUent Stockdale was directed to take the helm.

CARDIFF TOOR LAW UNION. On Saturday last a most important meeting of the guardians of the Cardiff Union took place at the Board- room, principally for the purpose of taking into consider- ltion the expediency of providing ground for the indus- trial training of the children in the workhouse. We observed present- WALTER COFFIN, Esq., in the Chair r. W. Booker (High Sheriff) Hev, L. A. Nieholls W. Bennett ltev. Kichard l'richard rhoraas Christopher Isaac Price J. Stuart Corbett Evan Prosper Evan David (Vice Chaiiuian) 11. I'riest Richards E. VY. David Thomas Richards Jolll) Davies Hev. Hely llickards It. Francis II. Iteos Evan Jaeob D. Rowland Edward Jones Miles Spickett Robert Oliver Rev. Thomas Stacey Alexander Jones f Hev. 11, J. Thomas Edward Langley Sir George Tyler, K.C.B. J. Llewellyn Charles N-acliell Benjamin Matthews Evan Williams Rev. Evan Morgan 1 Rev. C. F 15. Wood Rev. W. Leigh Morgan &c., &c. AVERAGE 1-XFENUITUUE. Mr. II. B. Farnall, the l'oor-law Inspector of this district, said he had tjken the averages of expenditure of the several parishes in the Cardiff Union for the three years ending Lady- day, 1886, and for the three years ending L-idy-day, 1848 and for the latter period he found the gross expenditure less than it was before the union was formed. At the same time he did not profess to know upon what principle the accounts were kept previous to the formation of the union, neither whether they were accurately kept or otherwise. It was, however, quite clear that they were going on, as a whole, very well indeed (hear) With regard to the Cardiff parishes, the average expenditure seemed to have increased. lie should he happy if he could put them in the way of saving money, and, at the same time, enable them to better the condition of the poor. It rested entirely with the gnarclians; as he was only there to advise. lie fouud. in some parishes, that giving relief partially in money and par- tially in bread had been the means of keeping dowu the Vates (hear). The poor people-the Irish poor and people of that description—would be benefitted by having relief given to them in that way, rather than wholly in money. It would be well if a room were taken, in which bread might be distributed to pau- pers as well as money and the poor should be made to come to that room for their bread. The guardians would find the condition of the poor better; and lie believed they would also find the rates diminished (hear). In other unions the practice had been found to operate favourably towards the poor, and also on the expenditure generally. He strongly recommended the adoption of the plan in Cardiff; and stated (in effect) that if he were a rate-payer here, he would continually press for the adoption of such modes of giving relief which the experience of other unions showed had been generally beneficial. It was said by some that the poor ought to be relieved wholly in money, which they could lay out, as they knew best what they wanted. But many who were recipients of parochial relief thought that they wanted beer and spirits, and, with the money which had been given to them, purchased those articles, so that it was not safe to trust them; whereas by giving them bread as well as money the Guardians would be taking the course which would be most likely to benefit them. lie advised the guardians to try the plan named by him; and he believed the advice to be wholesome and economical. With regard to the expenditure of the Cardiff parishes generally, if thought too high, he suggested that a committee of two or three rate-payers should he formed, who should look over and revise matters, and see whether they could not bring it back to the amount it originally was (pre- vious to 1836) or lessen it altogether. lie would not, were he a rate-payer, sit down until he had accomplished something whereby the expenditure, and consequently the rates, might be reduced. Mr. Booker asked whether anything besides actual relief of the poor had been included in the averages. Were the estab- lishment expenses included ? Mr. H B. Farnall: Nothing but the bona fide relief of the poor. Mr. R. O. Jones said the averages included the relief given to the Irish, but not to the lunatic poor. The Chairman said that the average expenditure of the Cardiff parishes had greatly increased—nearly doubled, as would be seen by reference to the averages. They knew that there was a cause for that increase, and which had no reference to the mode of administering relief, but was rather to be attributed to the vast influx of Irish which had taken place since 1836, and which had been thrown on the parishes of Cardiff. That ac- counted most fully for the great increase in the average expendi- ture. It was satisfactory to know that ill other parishes there had not been an increase siuce 1836 (hear). Mr. Il. B. Farnall read his instructions and explained the principle upon which the averages were based. Mr. Charles Vachell said-The averages of the last three years have just been struck, by which Cardiff is in advance about £1235; but a large item of that charge was incurred fur the relief of the wandering casual poor, then exclusively on the parishes whence relief was sought, but, by a late Act, now thrown on the Unions generally. Cardiff, therefore, being so far relieved, ought not for the future to be considered as spending so much. Mr. Farnall, in reply, said-That diminution will be calcu- lated in the sum allotted for Cardiff to pay about jE5.,0. The following are the Averages" of expenditure in the several parishes which constitute the Cardiff Union, prepared by Mr. H. B. Farnall, and referred to in the foregoing discussion:- For the three Fur the three No. Names of Parishes. ending years ending Lady Day, Lady Day, 1836. 1818. I Barry. 944 934 2 Bonvilstone 97 S3 3 Cadoxtou 49 53 4 Caerau 5;; 61 5 Cardiff 1735 2978 G Cogau 23 21 7 Eglwysilan 891 10J1 8 Llancarvan 487 322 9 Llandough 37 41 10 Llanedarne 217 127 11 Lavernock 32 8 12Leckwith .oo oo. 98 32 13 Lisvane 131 115 14 Llandaff oo. oo. 720 552 15 Llanilterne 109 57 16 Llanishen 265 172 17 Llantrithyd 98 90 18 Llantrissent 1036 1323 19 Lantwit Vardre 271 486 20 Merthyr Duvan 61 33 21 Michaelstone Le Pit 33 32 22 Michaelstone Super Ely 33 10 23 Penarth 28 12 24 Fendoylan 2lG 19.4 25 Denmark 372 326 26 Pentyrch 383 320 27 feterstone Super Ely 77 55 28 Porthkerry 62 SKJ 29 Radyr 154 12\ 30 Roath 263 113 31 liudry 126 135 33 Rumney 187 121 33 Saint Andrews 318 201 34 Saint Brides Super Ely 39 67 35 Saint Fagans 279 173 36 Saint George's 131 52 37 Saint Stephens 60 67 38 Saint Mellons 436 324 39 Saint Nicholas 141 97 40 Sully 131 79 41 Vaeu 29 21 42 Welsh Saint Donatts. 93 68 43 Wenvoe 373 260 44 Whitchurch 539 358 Total Average Expenditure 11,039 I 10,856 MAINTENANCE OF PAUPER CIIILDREN. Mr. II. B. Farnall said he had come to the meeting of the guardians this day in order to call their attention to the ques- tion of the education of pauper children in the workhouse-to point out to them what the views of those gentlemen were who had taken the subject into their closest, and deepest, and most artxious consideration. Many who were present had, probably, heard his observations on this subject at a former meeting but for the sake of other guardians, who were not in the room upon the occasion referred to, he would be obliged to repeat some of the arguments which he had then used. He had a return in his hand, which shewed that there were, in March, 1847, within the Unions of this kingdom 51,273 children (hear). Upon analyzing that table he observed that out of these 51,273 children there were 32,000 who might be considered as permanently established on the rates,—such as children who were illegitimate, whose parents had been sent out of the coun- try, or who were, from various other causes, destitute of guar- dianship, protection, and the means of subsistence. Now, he need not tell the meeting that in looking at this question—the education of pauper children—it was not his intention to bring the matter forward in any way connected with any theories which had been propounded: he had nothing but facts to adduce, and to submit them to the meeting in the simplest way he possibly could. His object was to bring the whole question before them, to shew them, if they would adopt the scheme which he would lay before them, that not only would they be conferring great and lasting benefits upon the children them- selves, but independently of that, they would decrease the ex- penditure of the union and the rates. Now, if he was able to place before the meeting a scheme that would effect both these objects, he might fairly call on them to support such a scheme. If he failed, they would, of course, immediately point out to him wherein he had failed, and what their opinions on the question were and if he found their views judicious then he might stop in the course he was taking (hear). With regard to the ques- tion of education generally, he dared to say that all must have seen that the government of this country, as well as the go- vernments of other countries, were very anxious at the present moment respecting it, and particularly so respecting the educa- tion of the labouring classes. We could not conceal from our- selves the circumstance, that a great many of the movements which had taken place in this country, whether those move- ments had been political or otherwise, when great outcries had been raised about "liberty,"—when the causes which led to those movements had been investigated it was found that they had their origin in ignorance. Those persons who had followed those movements with the greatest ardour have been men who were in the receipt of good wages. It was not poverty but ignorance of their true locality in the social world which prompted them to take part in those disturbances. The lirst thing which a government could possibly 110, under circum stances similar to those in which the government of this coun- try was now situated, was to ask those who are the natural protectors of the poorer classes to come forward, in any way, and to do, themselves, the duty which the state expects them to do. liy virtue of aq Act of Parliament which was recently passed, the Poor-law Guardians are enabled to give pauper children a good education. He was not there to talk to them about maps of various countries, of Jerusalem and other places -of writing, cyphering, and other mental acquirements and ac- complishments what he wanted to have imparted to pauper chil- dren was a real, wholesome, practical education (hear)—such an education as would qualify and lit them for the discharge 01 active duties in this world, in that state into which it had pleased God to call them, aud to prepare them for the life to come (hear). Now, supposing that Boards of Guardians, 01 any other bodies corporate, were to neglect their duty, and say they did not mean to move in this matter, lie would just cah their attention to what would be the probable result ol an of that sort, and would just rarert to lljo state of things which having recourse to a system of compulsory education might in- duce. As far back as 1-19 4 the Scottish legislature recognised the principle of compulsory taxation for the purposes of educa- tion. Suppose this country did not now do its duty, any man might get up in his place in parliament, and if he were to use the argument which he (Mr. Farnall) now used—that the legis- lature vi Scotland had recognized the principle of compulsory taxation for educational purposes-and were to call on the rich to pay for the education of pauper children, and on parlia- meat to pass a measure by which such children would be com* t pelled to go to school, such arguments might, and probably would, be used as would carry great weight with them. The principle just referred to had been reroguized in Scotland in 1191; and at a later period—in 1G91, he believed—the same princip'e had been recognized in England,—we had recognized the duty of the government and the duty of the wealthier classes of people towards the poor under those circumstances. Now at this very moment, all present were very well aware, that in a court of law the education of the children of the rich might be cared fur They had heard of Wards in Chancery"—of pro- ceedings which had, at various times, been taken in the Court of Chancery for the protection of the interests of the children of the rich. when their Guardians were incompetent, or indis- posed, to perform the duties required of them and the Court of Chancery extended its protection to such children, and was the moans of procuring for them a class of benefits which they wou'd not have received if left in the hands of incompetent Guaidians. Thus they saw that government took care of the idiildren of the rich, and why should they not take c,.re of the children of the poor ? lie did not see why they should not as it would not unduly violate the liberty of the parent. At pre- sent, the JaW interposed its authority in all cases of ill-usage, and a parent was punishable if undue severity had been used towards a child and it would take a long time to persuade him (Mr. Farnall) that withholding education from children was not a grosser violation of duty on the part of a parent than administering undue corporal severity, for which offence the law had provided punishment. Why not punish for the grosser violation of duty ? Certain people had written and spoken much on the system of compulsory education; but he did not inteud to follow them, because he did not anticipate that the guardians of this or of any other union would think of neglect- ing their duty on the contrary, he had reason to believe that they would perform their duty, and do it well. lIe had brought this questiou lorward at various Boards of Guardians in Wales, —at Haverfordwest and at Carmarthen and at Hereford, Aber- g ivenny, Monmouth, and other places; and he was happy to be able to inform the meeting that he had not failed, in one single instance, h prevailing upon guardians to establish s dioois similar in principle to what he was now about to ask the Guardians of the Cardiff Union to establish. Schools, to be efficient, should supply such wants to the persons educated in them, as those persons will be likely to require in after life (hear). But it was most singular to say that this notion of what a school should be, although admitted to be per- fectly correct in theory, was not carried into practical effect. If he were then to walk into the school which the guardians had established he would not fi <d there any of those steps taken which are calculated to secure to the pupils those acquirements which would be useful to them in after life. He would, in all probability, see the children taught read- ing and writing; that was all very well; but he wanted to have such knowledge imparted to children in-doors as they might apply to work done out of doors, — that what they learnt ia the morning might be applied in practice in the evening. He wanted to see the children bred intelligent, and skilful, and good labourers. In the meantime he did not wish their minds to be in any way neglected. He wished all their faculties to be fully developed. He wag auxious to see our youth so trained that all their faculties might be exercised and strengthened. He wished those faculties to lJe brought to healthtul action, and to be duly held in subjection; so that young persons might have the mastership over themselves by a due sense of religious aud moral obligation (hear). The human mind was capable of ex- pansion, and he was an advocate for giving to the children of labourers such instruction as they required. They did not want education of a high-flown character, which, instead of benefit- ting them, would unfit them for the due discharge of their duties in life, in that station to which it had pleased God to call them; but their minds should be so educated, and their bodies so trained, as to qualify them for entering into the world with a fair chance of earning a respectable and independent liveli- hood. There would be no time for acquiring a higher kind of education. The education of pauper children was a matter to which their attention should be at present confined. He would ask any man who had reflected upon the state of the country at all, whether it was not a questiou of the gravest importance. What were we to expect if we did not go to the fouutain-head, and through the medium of children infuse something better into society than at present circulated in it. lie firmly believed that when a man had once tasted parish bread. if over thirty- five years of age, there was no making anything of him. He would consider the rates as his legitimate means of support, and come to the guardia!1s whenever his circumstances requirell it. Mr. Farnall wanted to have the children of such a man to be so educdted as to feel within themselves a power of self-sup. port, so that when they went into the fields to be enabled to obtain wages for that intelligence and for that skill which they would acquire at" well-regulated induslrial school, III order to obtain sueh a result he (Mr Farnall) believed that education was the question of questions, lie believed there was no other war of bettering the conùilion (If humanit> than by elevating the physical and moral condition of the children of the poor. It was a thing that had struck him very forcibly, namely, that whi:e the extraordinary advancement, in a scientific point of view, of late years, of mind over matter had been very great- for example, at Liverpool, Manchester, and other places-places teeming with looms —their progress in other respects had not been commensurate. We were every day diminishing the call for labour through the adoption of machinery and while making these extraordinary strides in science, those for whom such strides are being made seem to have been overlooked. Man had done nothing for himself. It was high time for those who had made great intellectual and moral progress to do as much as they possibly could for the less fortunate classes of so- ciety, that Lsjnot to reduce their means of gettillg their livelihood in one way, by the introduction of machinery, without qualify- ing them in other respects for earoing a subsistance by early instruction when within the walls of a workhoiue. Man was not ordained to exist in this sublunary state in affluence. lie (Mr. FarnaU) knew the world, and knew that it was utterly im- practicable to get affluence in it for everybody but still, there was nothing so easy so to educate man as to render him suscep- tible of enjoyment during his sojourn ou this beautiful world there was no reason why the child should not be led into the moral world, and be taught the connexion which subsists be- tweeu man aud man,—no valid objection could be taken against instructing him ill the laws which regulated the con- nexion between labour and wealth. Why should he not know that his temporal welfare is connected by every act of his with his future welfare ? Why not bring children up to feet this? Why not instil into these poor pauper chil- dren habits of patient industry and of patient virtue? It was absolutely necessary to take steps of this kind, for ele- vating the character and feelings of the masses, if the wealthier classes wished to avoid being overwhelmed liy a race of paul ers. Are those steps easy of being taken, and would the system pay ? There is a small Union at Bridgeuorth, Shropshire, iu which the plan had been tried. The Guardians of that Union had taken a private dwelling-house, and with it they took six acres of tand, attached to that dwelling-house, upon which they taught the children how to cultivate the land, and maintained them just as they would have maintained them if they were in the work- house. [A circular containing the plan of proceeding, and to which Mr. larnall referred, was given in our last.] About sixty children were placed on this land, and received such an indus- trial training as tended to remove habits of idleness and inca- pacity (which were productive of future pauperism), and fur- nished them with the means of obtaining a permanent and independent livelihood when they left school. Those children paid the rent ol the ground and, besides, handed in a sum to the treasurer towards defraying the expense of their maintenance. In the Cardiff Union, at present, nothing was got by the children but the maintenance of each cost the rate-payers about 2s. 6d. a week. Mr Farnall then entered very largely into the advan- tages to be deiived from the plan recommended by him —the j quantity of work done by children, a farmer in England having assured him that he had as much work doue by twenty boys as by ten mell; aud then said that if such results could be accom- plished in one place, they might be secured in Cardiif atso and if so, the guardians ought to adopt the plan. In the first place, by doing so, they would be conferring great benefits upon the children by placing them on such a farm, as they would there acquire that sort of knowledge which would render them good members of society. They would be taught what the rights of property were, and what the value of labour was. He should propose that every little child should have a small allotment to himself-shoulù be supplied with a certain quantity of seed— have a little book placed in his hand, and in it be made to write the quantity of seed given to him, the price of that seed; and, when his allotment produced a crop, the sum it sold for, and its net value. The little fellow would soon fi,H.1 of what value his labour was, and what he could make by it in the course of the year. He would know how to cultivate that labour into pro- perty by rendering it available. Government was at present verycarnestaboutthismatter. He (Mr Farnall^ did not hesi- tate to tell them that the Queen was personally most auxious about it, as every one must be who felt for the country. Go- vernment had determined to take on themselves the salaries of the training masters and mistresses: all they called on the Guardians for was decent lodgings. The teacher would not be simply a schoolmaster; there must be a master of industrial trainin.t:ley must have a thorough, competelll workmall- one who could teach theul iu the evening how to put into vrac- tical operation the theoretic knowledge which they had acquired iu the morning- Government granls were things not very easily obtained iu these days. Mr, Farnall dwelt upon this point for a few moments, and then proceeded to show that his ptan might be carried out either I,), this Union alone, or in conjunction with some other Union or Unions, in which case Government would be enabled to give a handsome salary. He did not mean to press the meeting into the adoption of a measure of such im- portance. What he wished was, that they would calmly reflect upou the observations that had been addressed to them, to form a committee of intelligent and working men, who would take the matter into their consideration, aud report to this board. Should the report be unfavourable to the course he had recom- InendedJ then he should see what reasons the committee had If such reasons were valid aad goo<¡.. he was sulUciently a citi- zen of the world to give up his opinions to theirs, if their opin • ions were better than his. lIe asked them, deliberately and quietly to take this case into their consideration, to appoint a committee who would report upon the matter to this board, If the comlOillce should unanimously sanction such a proceeding, and recommend that it should be carried out, then he would ask them to do so (hear), In reply to a Guardian, Mr. Farnall said there ought to be a master for industrial training, and a master for mental instruc- tion. He believed Government would pay the expenses of both. The childreu would have to be removed out of the workhouse tothefarm-homp. There would be directors to this school, who would be selected and appointed by this board annually. No child would be removed lrom the school until the directors themselves had placed 011 the table a report that he was fit, both boilily mid mentally to go forth into thewortd. The guardians wjuld not permit him to go forth uuti) he was fit to be used, as he would be quite as available to the Hate-payers on the workhouse farm as he would be to any farmer. The Chairman said the cluld, or youth, would be kept in the fraiuing school until he should be able to maintain himself like any other lItall-gll into the world like any other man, and be e-spected not to trouble the Union any more. Mr. Farnall said he had just had a letter put into his hands, from which it appeared that the Guardians at Carmarthen, had unanimously agreed to adopt the plan. It was stated in the letter that the arguments used by Mr. t arual^ were so powerful and convincing tlqt many who attended the meeting for the express purpjse of opposing the scheme had voted for its adoption. Mr. Hooker, after paying a high compliment to Mr. Farnall lor the able manner iu which he had brought this matter for- ward, and for the strong and cogent arguments with which he had supported his proposition, said it was impossible to refuse all he had asked for, namely, that the Guardians should give the scheme which he had propounded their patient considera- tion aud appoint a cQuimittee who shoijld lully enquire into the matter and report therepq* Aid alsq, that the best thanks ot the Guardians be teiulefed to Mr, tarnall lor his communi- cation (cheers). A proposition to this effect was then formally moved by Mr, bouker, stcouded by Mr. Charles Vachell, and carried uu- an Ml. Farnall felt extremely anxious on this point. He was quite satisfied that the set of men whom he was addressing were quite as likely to be liberal aud generous to the poor as any other board in England. The following gentlemen were then appointed a committee to consider the question submitted to the Guardians by Mr. Farnall, and to report to the Qoard ,-The Chairman, the Vice- Chairman, Sir George Tyler, Mr. 11. O. Jones, Mr. Booker, Rev. J. M. Traherne, Rev. Horatio J. Thomas, Mr. Charles Vacl.^l1, Mr. Thomas Richards, Mr, C, C. Williams, blr, J, Stuart Corbett, and Mr. Francis, (Aber). Mr. Priest Richards was named; but he deciined to act, as he thought the committee was sufficiently numerous. Mr. Farnall said that in Dorsetshire, where the wages of labourers were, as all the world knew, extremely low. the Guardians frequently had men berore them complaining that by tl1eir earnings alone they coultl not maintl1Ín themselves, their wives and their children. Those applicants were tolll that they could not receive out-door relief, amI must enter the U.1Îon- house. They did not, however but remained in their poverty and the consequence was that the privations which they under- went b^got disease. Disease opened thedojr for the Guardians, and out-door relief was necessarily given. Now if the pro- jected school in connexion with a farm be established, the guardians may relieve poor people, who have large families, by putting one, two, or three of their childreu un the farm, by which they would be carrying the system into the rank, of in- dependent la hourers, Besides, a labourer who was well olÏ, might be pleased with the system, and llpply to hllve his chil,1 educated un, the farm,-an application tù which the Guardians might accede on 4elng paid as much as it would upon an aver- age cost to maiuLi.1 that child, TilE CIIOLER. Mr. Farnall referreù Lu an order in council which had been lately passed with the view or taking measures fur inducing public cleanliness, and to helve the provisions of the Public Health Act observed. In another place will be found a highly important communication frol1l the General Board of Health; and therefore it is only necessary thllt we should give an outline of Mr. Farnall's remarks on this subject. IIe ob- served that in 1832, when thc cholera last visited this country, there were no such things as Union-houses au,1 Boards of Guaruians; and the consequence was that it was found neces- sary 1.0 establish 10c.ll:oarLls of health everywhere. The com, missioners under the above act think that they cannot do better than place the matter in the hauds of the Boards of Guardians, wh,) might form committees out of their own body and assjeiale with such committee the clergy an.1 ministers uf the place, ur any olher eligible person, so as to carry out the prodsiulIs of the act. Extra medical assistance might also be obtained during periods of emergency. Mr. Farnall theu briefly euume- rated the powers conferred up in local authorities uy the act; uut as we gave an abstract of it very recently it is lut requisite to report his olJwrvatious ou this point. Tile Chairman refprretl to the large numbers of pour Irish who herd together, and seemed apprehensive tll.1t lheir habits and mode of life would subject Jhein t<.J attacks of thioi or any other epidemic which might visit U3. Mr, Charles Vachell said there were houses in China-row of a most filthy description. Mr, Farnall (as we understood) sÜd he would call fur a report from the medical officers 011 the state of various localities in the lown. After some further remarks had ueen made lJy Sir George Tyler, Mr. Charles Vachell, and others, the meetinJ separated. THF. CHOLEIU-BIPORrANT NOTIFICATION BY THE GENERAL BOARD OF HEALTH. An important notification appears in Friday's Gazette respecting the cholera, winch we print below, except two unimportant paragraphs: — The extent, ulJiforlll tenor, anJ undoubted authority of the evideuce obtained from obseners of all classes, in dif- ferent countries aud climates, and amidst all varieties of the physical, political, and social conditions of the people, ap- pear to discredit the once prevalent opinion that cholera is, ill itself, contagious; an opinion which, if fallacious, must be mischievous, since it diverts attention from the true source of danger, awi the real means of protection, and fixes it on those which are imaginary creates pauic; leads to the neglect and alJandonment of tile sick; occasions great expense for what is wore than useless; and wiLh. draws attention from that brief bat imp ¡rtant interval between the commencement and the development of the disease, during whicu remedial meolsures are most effective iu its cure. Although it is so far true that certain cOllditioniJ may favour its spread from person to person, as when great num- ber3 of the sick are crowded together in close, unventÏlate,1 apartments, yet thi8 is not to be considered ai affecting the general principle of its non-contagiojs nature nor ar", such conditions likely to occur in this country moreover, the preventive measures founded 0/1 the theory of conta- gion, viz" internal quarantine regulations, sanitary cordons, alld the isolation of the sick, on which formerly the strongest reliance was placed, hive been recently au,mdonl!J in all countries where cholera has appeared, from the general ex- perience of their inefficiency. Tile evidence also proves tl).it ch01era almost always af- furds, by prernouitory symptoms, warning of its approach, in lime for the cmploymeut of means capable of-arresting its progress. If, indeed, ill certain situations, as where there is an unusual concentration of the poison, or in cer- hin individuals who are peculiarly predisposed to the dis- ease the attack may sometimes appear to be instantaneous, still the geneial conclusions that cholera is not in ilself con- tagious, and that it commonly gives distinct warning of its approach, are two grecit fa ts well calculated to divest this disease of its chief terrors, and to show the puamount im- portance of the means of prevention, so much more certain than those of cure. The proved identily of the ciuses which promote the ori. gin and sprea I of epiuemic diseases in general, with those that favour the introduction and spread of Asiatic cholera, appear to indicate the true measures of precaution and pre- vention agaiust a pestilence which, after an absence of 16 Jears, and at a season when other flJrmidable epidemic dis. eases are unusually prevalent and deadly, menaces a third visitation and the General Board of Health would appeal to all classes for their cordial co-operation in carrying into effect the measures which careful consideration has leJ them to recommend, in the full convic.ion that the powers giveu by the legislature for this purpose, though they may not be fully adequate, and though the time to use them may be short, cannot fail, with such co-operation, to be allended wilt. highly beneficial result*. With a view of carrying into operation all av,Hable means of precaution against the impending danger, the General Board of Health recommends that the Guardians of the poor iu England and Wales. and the parochial boards for the management of the poor in Scotland, alld thdr officers, should hold themselves iu readiness to execute such directions all the General lloard of Health may see fit to issue from time to time, under the provisions 01 the act 0 tbe 11th and 12th of Vict., c, 123, entitled" An Act to re new and amend an act, of the 10th year of her present Majesty, for the more speedy removal of certain nuisances and the prevention of contagious and epidemic diseases." The guardians of the poor and the parochial boards will probably he required either by themselves individually, or by persons employed or to be specially appointed by them for the purpose, to make examill9.tious from house to house of their several districts, and report to their boards upon the state of each locality a3 far as regards the prevalent sickness, and the remjveable causes upon which it m'jy élp- pear to depend. These visitatiOlu from honse to house will be especially required iu the dangerous dislrict3; and it is to be kept i,1 view that every district or place is dangerous in which typhus and other epidemic diseases have regularly recurred. The boards of guardians and parochial boards will have to put in force, whenever it may appear to be required, tho.e provisions of the act that relate to nuisances. Great benefit having been derived frolll the cleansings that were rewrted to on the former visitation of cholera, and experience having shown that preventive measures against cholera are also preventive against typhus and other epidemic and eudemic diseases, the board3 of guardians should carry into immediate etfect all practical measures of external and internal cleansing of dwellings in the ill- conditioned districts. The chief predisposing causes of every epidemic, and es- pecially of cholera, are damp, moisture, IHth, animal and vegetable malters in a state of decomposition, and, in gene- ral, whatever produces atlDospheric impurity; all of which have the effect of lowering the health anti vigour of the system, and of increasing the susceptibility to disease, par- ticularly among the young, the aged, and the feeble. The attacks of chulera are uniformly found to be most frequent and virulent in low lying districts, on the banks 01 rivers, ill the neighbourhood of sewer mouth*, IInd where- ever there are large collections of I'efllse, particul:1rly amidst human dwellings. III a recent proclamation, issued for the protection of the population of the Russiau empire, the important influence ur these and similar causes has been recognised, and the practical recommendations foundiJd thereon are" to keep the person and the dwelling-place clean, to allow of no sinks close to the house, to admit of no poultry or animala within the house, to keep every apart- ment as airy ai possible by ventilation, aud to prevent crowding wherever there are sick." Householders of all classes should be warned, that their first means of safety lies ill the rCll10val of dung heaps aud solid anù liquid filth of every description from bene3tb or about their houses or premises. Though persons long familiarised lo the presence of such refuse may not perceive its offensiveuess, nor believe in its noxious properties, yet all who desire to secure themselves froll1 danger should labour for the entire removal of tilth and the thorough cleansing of their premises; which also the law will require of each person for the protection of his neigh hours, as well as tor his own safely. Next to the perfect cleansing of the premises, dryness ought to be carefully promoted, which will of course rellUlre the keeping up of sallieient lires, particularly HI the damp ami unhealthy districts, where this means should be resorted to for the uke of ventilation as well as of warmth and dry- ness. From information recl!ntlyobtained froln Russia it ap- pears that ill some barraeks,allù other places iu which large llumbers of people are congregated, where these condltlolH have bcen aLtenued to in a manner that may ue equfllly practised in private houses, thde hu been a comparative immunity from the prevailing epidemic exactly as 1Il this country, where in public institutions, though as yet by no means perfect in the me illS of ventilation, there Ius been an almost entire exemption from epidemics which have ra- vaged private houses in the very same districts. But while a certain amo1\'lt of cleansing can be effected by every householder, each ill his own premises, the. means of thoroughly purifying the densely populated dlstncts are beyond the p >.ver of private individuals. Accordingly, by tole reeent act 11 alld 12 Viet" c.123, sec. I, in cases uf inability, insufficiency, or neglect, the law h:15 charged the cleansing operations upon certain public bodies, namely, the town councils, or any trustees or com- missioners for the dra uage, pa\Ïu;.{, lighting or cleansing, or managing or directing the police^ or any olher body of a like uature, or any commissioners 01 sewers, or guardiaqs of the poor." By this act it is provided tll!\t upon notice in writing, signed by tWQ Qr mope inhabitant householders, that any uwclliug honse or bUllJtng IS 111 a filthy and unwholesome condition, or that thcre lire upo i such premises any foul and ofTeusive cesspoot, drain, gutter, or ditch, or auy accu. mulcitious of filth, or that swine are so kept as to be a nui- sance or injulioui to health, the authorities shall examine or cause the premises to be examined; aud if upon exami- nation, or upou a medical certificate of two legally qualified practitioners, it appears that be nuisance exists, the public authority shall 1l14ke cou^pl^int befqie two justices, who are required to malje order lor the re010va1 of such nuisance. Tne amended provisions contained in this act should be early considered, promulgated, and enforced, especially those for the proper cleansing of open and foul ditches, near habitations, by the labourers under the dlrectiou of lIurveyors or trustees of highways. The union me.1ica\ oflijers, whose dllties take them to the relief of the destitute dck, are ueces-iai ily familiar with the places ill which disease Is most prevalent auJ (atall and these are iuvarhlJly louud t" be the dirtiest !QP<\litiçs, Where consequently the cieansing opormjous "re most required and tile Nuisances Removal Act imposes upou the guard- iaus tl^e dqty of directing and enforcing the proper per- formance of these operations. Iu seveul districts, thè police, in going their usual rounds, have been ernployeJ with great advantage iu reporting j daily as.to the houses, courts, alleys, passages, and streets, within their district most in need of cleansing; as to tbe carelessness Qf neglect of the scavenger? iø tbe perform*, ance of their duties, and as to the existence of nuisance' of various kinds. The boirds of guirdians, or special commit- tees formed out of their hody, are therefore recommended 10 ass .date themselves "ith speci. l committees of town councils, who, by thdr watch committees, have the control of the police, and to engage for these purposes the valuable ■>ervices of th's for^e. Highly important services lia e been rendered by the pa- rochial clergy and olher ministers of religion, in association with lay co;nm;ttees, for the purpose of maintaining a sys- tem of house to hou-e visitation in thc more depressed districts; and wherever it is practicable, the boards of guardians are recommended to associ ite with a sp-rial com- mittee of their own number (who for the time may be exempted (rolu orrlinary duties) the clergy of the respective parishes and the ministers of o'her religious denomination- an,1 to call upon the medical au.1 other union officers to give their aid to this committee. It is conceived that such parochial special committee would, among other useful purposes, be peculiarly service- ahle in c jmmunicating information to the [DOrer ( lasses as to the pirticular means of prevention within their reach. and :\8 t,) the urgent necessity, at tllis 81',1-0'1, of personal and household cleanliness, of venti a'ion, and of a careful and temperate mode of living. By the Contagious Diseases Prevention Act, the General Board of Health is required to frame rules and regulations to assist and direct the guardims of the poor and ottterloca) authorities in the performance of the special duties impo-e upon them whenever the country is visited or threatened by any formidable epidemic or contagious disease and accord- ingly the board has lost no time in putting itself ill commu- nication with the Poor Law Commissioners, with the >ie>v of taking an practical precdurions against the scour e whidl is so steadily appioaching our shires; and the board is now engaged in preparing regulations for the more public an 1 general measures of prevention and alleviation, which will be issued and put in execution in the several districts, as soon as their particular condition shall hive been ascer- tained. In the meantime, if notwithstanding every precmtionarv measure which can be taken, this disease unhappily break out in any district, then it will be essential to the safety of the inhabitants that they should be fully impes-e I with the importance of paying instant attention to the premonitory symptom th..t announces the commencement of the attack. This premonitory symptom is looseness of the bowels, which there is reason to regard as universally preceding the setting in of the more dangerous stage of the disease. Sometimes, indeed, under the circumstances already de- scribed-namely, where the poison exists in unusual inten- sity, or the constitutional predisposition is unusually great, the first stage may appear to be suppressed, as occasionally happens in violent attacks of other diseases but in cholera this event is so rare, as to be practically of no account; and in all countries, and under all varieties of conditions in which this disease hai been epidemic, the experience as to this point uniformly agrees with what is observed at the present moment at Hamburg. In most cases," writes the British consul respecting the epidemic which has just broken out in that city. "the dis- ease has first manifested itself in a slight relaxation of the bowels which, if promptly attended to. the patient gene- rally recovers; but if the symptoms are neglected, spas- modic attacks ensue, and death follows mostly in from four to six hours." This looseness of the bowels may be accompanied with some degree of pain, which however is generally slight; but in many cases pain is wholly absent, and for some hours and even days this bowel complaint may be so slight as to appear trifling, so that without a previous knowledge of the importance ot the warning, it might easily escape notice altogether. It must be repeated, however, that whenever Asiatic cho- lera is epidemic, the slightest degree of looseness of the bowels ought to be regarded and treated a-i the commence- ment of the disease, which is at this stage capable of being arrested by simple means, but, if neglected only for a few hours, may suddenly assume a fatal form. It will be indispensable, therefore, on the first outbreak of cholera, that the local authorities should immediately make arrangements for daily house to house inspections of the poorer localities in their respective district this being the only practical means by which, in the most dangerous situations and among the most susceptible subjects, the existence of the premonitory symptom can be ascertained in time to administer the proper remedies, so as to arrest the progress of the disorder. Heads of families, masters of schools and workhouses, proprietors of large establishments and works, such as fac- tories. mines, warehouse-, wh.rts, and docks, should either be their own inspectors, or employ some trustworthy agent to exanine daily every person in their employment, and to give at once the proper remedy, if the premonitory symp- tom should be present. Each member of the visiting committee should be pro- vided with proper remedies, prepared in appropriate doses for admillistratiou on the spot, in every instance in whidl the premonitory symptom is found to exist; and should report every person so treated as requiring the instant attention of the medieal officer. Dispensaries for bowel complaints should be established at convenient stations, at which the neighbouring inhabi- tants may apply for the proper remedies and advice the moment they are attacked by the premonitory symptom. Experience having shown that the establishment of cho- lera hospitals was not successful, the best provision practica- ble must be made for affording assistance to the individuals who may need it at their own houses; and one of the best modes of ejecting this object will probably be the selection of proper persons who may be instructed as nurses in the special services required on this occasion, and paid for de- voting their whole time to attendance on the sick at their own habitations, under the direction of the medical officers. It will also be necessary to engage a sufficient number of medical officers at suitable remuneration, some to devote their whole time by day and night to the service of the dis- pensaries, and others to attend the sick at their own d \VeIlings. As, however, cases may occur of extreme destitution in neighbourhoods and houses wholly unfit for the curative treatment of the sick, provisiou should be made for the re- ception of 8uch cases, either in the common hospitals, in the union-houses, or in separate apartments specially prepared for the purpose, and properly warmed and ventilated. Medical authorities are agreed that the remedies proper for the preinouitory symptom are the same as those found efficacious in common diarrhoea; that the most simple re- medies will suffice, if given on the first manifestation of this symptom and that the following, which are within the reach and management of every one, may be regarded as among the most useful, namely, twenty grains of opiate confection, mixed with two table spoonfuls of peppermint water, or with a little weak brandy and water, and repeated every three or four hours, or olteuer, if the attack is severe, until the looseness of the bowels is stopped or an ounce of the compound chalk mixture, with ten or fifteen grains of the aromatic comection, and from five to ten drops of lau- danum, repeated in the same manner. From half a drachm to a drachm of tincture of catechu may be added to this last, if the attack is severe. Half these quantities should be given to young persons under fifteen, and still smaller doses to infants. It is recommended to repeat these remedies night and morning, for some days after the looseness of the bowels has been stopped. But. in all clses. it is desirable, whenever practicable, that even in this earliest stage of the disorder recourse should be had to medical advice on the spot. Next in importance to the immediate employment of such remedies is attention to proper diet and clothing. When- ever Asiatic cholera is epidemic, there is invariably found among great numbers of the inhabitants an extraordinary tendency to irritation of the bowets and this fact suggests that every article of food which is known to favour a re- tiled state of the bowels should, as far 3S possible, be avoided—such as every variety of green vegetables, whether cooked or not, as cabbage, cucumber, and salad. It will be important also to abstain from fruit of all kinds, though ripe, and even cooked, and whether dried or preserved. The most wholesome articles of vegetable diet are-well- baked, but not new, bread, rice, oatmeal, and good potatoes. Pickles should be avoided. Articles of food and drink. which in ordinary seasons, are generally wholesome, and agree well with the individual constitution may, under this unusual condition, prove highly dangerous. The diet should be solid rather than fluid and those who have the means of choosing should live principally on animal food, as afford- ing the most concentrated and inyigorating diet; avoiding salted and smoked meats, pork, salted and shell fish, cider, perry, ginger beer, lemonade, acid liquors of ail descrip- tions, aud ardent spirits. Great mo leration, both in food and drink. is absolutely essential to safety, during the whole duration of the epidemic period. One single act of indis- cretion has, in many instances, been followed by a speedy and fatal attack. The intervals between the meals should not be long; cholera being uniformly found to prevail with ex- traordinary intensity among the classes that observe the protracted fasts common in easterll and some European countries. The practical importance of these cautions might be il- lustrated by striking examples. Dr. Adare Crawford states that iu Russia the most intense of all the attacks were those th )t followed a hearty meal, taken immediately after a pro- tracted fast. In our own country, during its tonner visita- tion, the most frequent and deadly attaens were observed to be those that took place in the middle of the night, a few hours after a heavy supper. The three fatal cases that have just occurred to sailors who had been at Hamburg, and who were brought sick to Hull, turned out, on enquiry, to have followed very shortly after the men had eaten a large quan- tity of plums and had drunk freely of sour beer and the two still more recent fatal cases on board the ship Yolant. of Sunderland, both occurre I in drunkards, who persisted in the practice of intoxication, notwithstanding the earnest warnings that were giveu them against the dangers of intemperance. On account of the intimate connexion between the exter- nal skin and the internal lining membrane of the bawels, warm clothing is of great importance. The wearing of nmnel next the skin is therefore advisable. Recent e*pe- rience on the Continent seems to show that it was useful to wear in the day time a iiannel bandage round the body, and this may become necessary in our own country duriug the damp and cold weather of the approaching season. Particular attention should be paid to keeping the feet warm and dry changing the clothes im nediately after ex- posure to wet and maintaining the sitting and bedrooms well-aire I, dry, andwarlL\. It may be necessary to add a caation against ths use of cold purgative medicine-, such as salts, particularly Glauber salts, Epsom salts, and Seidlitz p iwders, which taken in any qatntity, in such a season, are dangerous. Drastic purga- tives of all kinds should be avoided, such as senna, eolupyuth, aud aloes, except under special medical direptian, If, notwithstanding these precautionary measures, a per- son is seized suddenly with cold, giddiness, nausea, vomiting, and cramps, under citeumatancea in which instant medical assistance cannot he procured, the concurrent testimony of the most @*peiieneed medical authority shows that the pro- per course is to get as soon as possible into a warm bed to apply warmth by means of heated naunet, or bottles filled with hut water, or bags of heated camomile flowers, sand, bran, or salt, to the feet and along the spine to have th- extremities diligently rubbed to apply a large poultice of mustard and vinegar over the region of the stomach, keep- ing it on 15 or 20 minutes; and to take every hajf hoiar a tea spoonful of sal volatile iu a little hot Winter, or desert spoonful of brandy in a little hot Vf^ter, or a vyine glass of hot wine whey, made by pour\ug a wine, glass, of sherry into a tumbler of l^ut milk-in a word, to do everything practi- cable t4 procure a warm, general perspiration untfi the ar- rival of the medical attendant, wh,o.;e immediate CArc under such circjm.tances, 18 indispensable, it has not been deemed uecQs^ry or proper to give in- structions for tl^e treatment of the advanced stage, from the confident expectation that the proposed arrangements will supply medical attendance to all cases that may reach that condition, b,y which means the specific symptoms of each individual case will receive their appropriate treatment. Though the season of danger may demand some extraor- dinary exertion aud sacrilice on the part of all classes, yet this period will probably not he protracted, since, on the former visitation of cholera, it seldom remained in any dace wlrch it attacked longer than a few months, rarely more than a few weeks; while it may be reasonably expected fit it the improvements directed with a view to check its progress will be equally efficacious in shortening its durat on and that these improvements will not be tem- porary, like the occasion that called for them, but will be attended with lasting bcneiit. In conclusion, the General Board of Health would again urge the consideration that whatever is preventive of cho- 'era is equally preventive of typhus and of every other epidemic and constantly recurring di-case and would ear- nestly c ill the attention of all classes to the king and consoling fact that, f >rtnidable as this malady is in its in- tense form aud developed stage, there is no disease against which it is in our power to tike such effectual precaution, both as collective communities and private individuil-, by vigilant attention to it in its first or premonitory stage, and by the removal of those agencies which are known to pro- mote the spread of all epidemic diseases. Though, there- )..rc, the issues of events are not in our hands, there is ground for hope an.1 even confidence in the sustained and resolute employ nent of the mems of protection which ex- perience and science have now placed within our reach.— By order of the Geueral Board of Health, BENny AUSTIN, Secretary.

OFFICIAL O IDERS OF TIIK POLICE COMMISSIONERS.— 011 Tuesday evening the Police Commiss:oners issued an order directed to each superintendent of the metropolitan police, to make them (the commissioners) a daily rcturn of all cases of cholera occurring within their respective divisions every 24 hours; the reports so furnished to be transmitted to the government and the Board of flealth- The Thames police is to perform the same duties amongst the shipping in the river, and to make a return of a" cases which occur that are not taken ashore. THE CitOLEitA IN THE M ETlWPOLls.-On Tuesday,' coroner's inquest was held in the Royal Mortar TaverU» Woolwich, before Mr. C. J. Cartar, on the bodies f, three prisoners, named Rutherford, Jones, and Bidgood, • the two former of whm expired on Saturday, the iattef on Suuday, from the effects, it is alleged, of AsiatiC cholera. Mr. Dabbs, the surgeon of the establishment, stated that the deceased died from the effects of epidemic cholera, but he would not pronounce any opinion as to whether it was Asiatic cholera. A verdict of" Died from natural causes" was returned.—We are happy to state that no new cases have shown themselves on board the Justin* or U nite, and the only case that has terminated fatally since Saturday was that of Bidgood, who died yesterday- The other men who were attacked by the disease are re covering. It is worthy of notice that an aggravated form of diarrheal is now prevalent in Woolwich, especially amongst children, but in few cases has it terminal^ fatally. An undisputed case of Asiatic cholera, hSS occurred in Woolwich to a lady residing in Bowater- crescent, but in this case the lady had just returned fro'" Hamburg, where she must have taken the disease. 011 Thursday afternoon, Charles Wilkinson, a coal wi-igher, residing in Silver-street, Globe-road, Stepney, while en- gaged on board a collier lying in the Pool, was seize'1 with cholera. He was conveyed home and attended b) Dr. Todd, and though all known remedies were applied the man died the next motning.—A patient in file London hospital also died yesterday afternoon of ikti izfic cholera. lie was a seaman and was suddenly attacked i" his vessel in the Pool on Thursday last. In this case tl]e hospital authorities have communicated with the ]30jr, ot Health, aud it is expected that a government otfiL'er will be sent to investigate that and another death whic" < r has occurred in the same parish—Stepney.

FRIDAY'S LONJON UAZKTI'K—BANKRUPT- Thomas Cracknell, painter, Sheldon st., Wctbourne ierrfce William Wilton, victualler, Upper Sl. Martin's lane W illialli Goiitrey, carpenter, London-wall William Kupur, wire rope maker, CamberAell Alfred Drake, attorney, llarnstaple, Devonshire James Ashworth, woollen manufacturer, Nunhills, I John Holt, tailor and draper, Lancashire R>-uben Hemingway, meichant, Liverpool James Uriue-. bootmaker, ellry St. Kainund*, Suffolk Caleb ltalf"ul, apothecary, VdfidJ. Sussex 010 Win. Woodward, plumber & glazier, Neiloc.tslie-undcr-J,}ø18 N.tlhanid Uenlou, hat manufacturei, Gorion, Lancashire TUKSIJ.VY'S L()V1)I)\' GAXEITH. — U iNKfinrT.4. George Acklaod, Lotighboiough-road, llrixion, merchant Kobcrl Allison and Thomas Allison, I)edti- street, Solio, pii1110- forte manufacturers Henry Armste;;d, Barrowford, Lancashire, cotton spinner James ISuckland, Greenwich, licensed victualler James Tremletc, 0 tery, St. Mary, Devonshire, auctioneer "I

LJiiiiL0A R K K T s • CtlKN^KXCHXmTKT^oNUAV. The supply of wheat this morning by laud carriage from tike iii-af counties was about an average one as ret af q lantity, but the quality and condition of by far the ponion, was almost unlit for miller's use. Kverything in fi", order realised fully last Monday's rates, but the inferior rll:: were unsaleable, although freely otfered at a considerable te duction. There was a good demand for old foreign wheat consumption, at its previous value. The bulk of the barley on sale was couise in quality—selected samples "f0 last week's prices, but other sorts were Is. cheaper. Tl>* was an improved sale for oats, and in some instances 6J- r 4 qr. more money was obtained for good horse coru. were Is., and white peas 28., cheaper. f- CUKitliN 1' I'lUC'lvSof OUAIN Si KLOUfliu M AUK LA■ s. s. s. 'a Wheat English. 40 51 Grey Peas 3U Ditto, old 52 5(i Old Beans 27 ••• .,7 j Rye 31 Si Tick Beans. 27 Barley. 27 2U Oats (Potatoes) 27 Malt 5t» od Ditto (Feed) 20 White Peas(boilers) -A4 48 Flour 49 ••• Malt 5t» od Ditto (Feed) 20 White Peas(boilers) -A4 48 1 Flour 49 SB IS US, &t. Clover, red, 30s to 33s. white 3ts. to 40s. pet c«t. Kapeseed, £:H to 1;30 per last. Linseed, crushing, 4'2s. to 18,1. sowing 5us. to Gds. per qr,, Canary seed, 80s. to 105s. per quarter. Mustard, white, 8s. to lis brown Os to 0s. per bushel- Trefoil, 15. to 21s. per cwt.; cow grass, Os. to 0s. Cake linseed, per 1,000, .£11 10s. to H2 10s. AGGREGATE AVEltAGE of the Six Weeks whMh rwgo' the Duty..j Wheat 53s. lOd. Barley 32s. 10J. J Oats 22s. liL ( Rye H* Keans 38s. Id. J Peas 39s. 4J.

SMITH FIELD, Monda^ The supply of beasts is considerably shorter to-day bu' weather is unfavourable for slaughtering trade is con.%eqtie,c slow. A few choice qualities uiade 4s. 2d., but Is. is a geueral average. 'Ihe number of sheep is rather larger the demand so exceedingly limited that we have grea* ^,0 culty in selling at a reduction of fully 2d. per b lbs. on ^ef Monday's quotations. Trade is heavy for calves, at I# f|y lower prices. From Holland and Germany we have ne* 600 beasts, about 2,400 sheep and 012 calves. Per alone of Sib.. (iinkinir the nlTal.^ AI Beef 2s. tid., 4s. 2d. Veal 3s. 2d.,4s- £ j Mutton.3s. 4d., 4s. Bd. | Pork .3s. lOd., Lamb 3s. 8d.,5s. Od. HAY aud STRAW, per Load of 36 Trusses. 5. 6d. Hay, £ 2 lOs.Od. to £ 3 10s. Od. I C lov er, E3 iSs. W. to 1:5 5 Straw, £ 1 6s. Od. to £ 1 10s. Od.

THE METAL TRADE. IRON-Bar Wales .per ton 5 10 0— 5 12 6 London. 0 0 0 6 I;) 0 Nail rods 0 0 0— 7 10 Hoop(Staf.j„ 0 0 0- 9 0 0- Sheet 11 0 0 0— «J 10 Bars 0 0 0- 6 10 01 Welsh cold-blast futililr), 315 0- 4 5 Scotch 2 4 0- 2 £ » 01 Rails, average. 5 10 0— 5 li Chairs 0 0 0— 4 0 Russian, CCNl) 0 0 0—17 0 „ PSI 0 0 0-0 0 0 „ Uourieff 0 0 0—0 0 u „ Archangel. 0 0-0 -13 0 0 Swedish, ou the spot 0 0 U— 0 0 0 „ Steel, fagt U O 0-15 0 0 „ „ ke.;s la..0 0-1-1 ø It Corpaa—Tite. 00 0—7S 10 <» Tough cake 0 0 0-79 10 Ur Best selected 0 0 0-8i 10. Ordinary shoots .lb. 0 0 0— i) tt „ bottoms 0 0 U- d 0 YELLOW METAL SUKATUINO 0 0 1)- () 0 71 I TIN—Com. blocks cwt. Q 0 0 ] 15 0 „ hars o 0 0— 3 10 0 Refined 000-31.9 0 Straits. 3 12 6 3 14 0 Banca o0 u- 3 1.5 0 TIN PLATES—CH., 10. box. I 9 0- 1 ID D „ IX. 0 0 0— 1 15 0 j Coke, IC t 6 „ IX 0 0 0- I It & I LB AD —Sheet .ton 17 0 0-17 5 0' l'ig, lulined t6 0 0 Hi 5 op „ Spanish, iu bd. 15 0 0-tM 0 () „ common. 0 0 0— 0 0 00 Red 0 0 U-18 5 9 Dry White 0 0 0—22 15 » Shut 0 0 0 — 19 a 0 SpEt.TEH—(Citke; 14 0 0—14 5 for arrival. 0 0 0— 0 0 0 ZINC —(Sheet)export. 30 0 0—3U 0 t) QuiOh..stLVKK.tb. 0 0 0- 0 3 6 Itia-iNiio IMKTAL ton 0 0 0- 0 0 û SATURDAY, OCTOBER 14, I8i8. Published by the sole Proprietor, HKXRY WEBBKB, his residence Charles-street, in the Parish of saiu'- John the Baptist, in THE TOWN of Cardilf and T'OO"'}' of Glamorgan, AND fruited by him at his Gcncrab, Printing ODICE iu liuke-street, ill the said Parish ut. Saint JOHN, IN the Town and County aforesaid. Advertisements AND Orders received by the Agents ;— LQNUUN Messrs. Barker & White, 33, FLEE'^T.; MESSF3, Newton & Co., j, Warwick-square; VIV. Ci. lteyuE"' '1-, Ohancery-laue; Mr. Deacon, 3, Walbrook, near THE Mansion-house; Mr. Joseph TTTOHTFISI, 1, Fiuch-la,IE* Cornhill; x\lr. Hammond, Itmuoard-street; ^AR* C. Barker, 12, BIREHIU-HVW* J W. Dawson and SoU, 74, Cannon-street, Ctq- i Messrs, S. and E.J. Eyret. 11), Boaverie-stroe^ JFHEEUSTROET J Mr. W. THOINAS> 21, CATHETINEISTX^FITJN Sitraad. 1.0CAL AGBNTS A Mr. Thos. Evans, Schoolmaster AB.ER,«,YG*N Mr. Thomas Jones, Iroumonger BUECUN Mr. John Evans, Clerk 01 Peace Ottict Mr. W. Leyshon, Stamp OTTICE^ CIUCKUQWELL ..Mr. Thos. Williams, Bookseller I MKUTUYR ..MI. H. W. White, STATIONER NEWUUIDGE Mr. C. Bassett, Chemist, M liWi'oni" Mr. M. Evans, Stationer, and Mr. W. I" Kelly, Sutiouer NEATH MR. W. P- REES SWANSEA ,MT\ E. GiiflUhs, Printer, lligh-street TAIBACH.. Mr. Ja.mes Bird, Cwm Avon WORKS And by all Postmasters and Clerks on the Koad ,I This paper is regularly filed in London at L\;ù}J II 1 Coffee-bouse" Cit) .-Peel's Cotfee-house, Fleet-ttreet. I -The Chapter Coffee-house, St. 1 Cotfee-house, NVilbroak.