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EPITOME OF NEWS.
EPITOME OF NEWS. THE ELDEST SON of Earl of Sondes HAS just attained his n a^rity. AT TEE FAVERSKAM INSTITUTE THERE HAS been a most successful meeting in celebration of tlSi anniversary of the birthday of William Shakespeare, AT ATHKRSTONE, a little boy, two years of age, son of Samuel Hands, was playing in$!ie road, when ,ige a. cart leaded witfe stone came up, kmwking down the child, the whael passing over its head-. A PARLIAMENTARY RETURN faas been issued -of the minder and cost of the Royal Irish'Constabulary in each of the last ten years, from which it would appear that whereas Sn 1872-3 the ootid number of constables was 11,693, and the cost £ 817,130 6s. Id,, in 1881-2 t'he number was 12,334, and the-cost £ 1,266,332. THE DEATH is announced of Mr. Thomas Dunimn, lecturer on physiology at the Bidkbcck Institu- tion, and physical science lecturer at the Working Men's College, Great Ormond-street, London. The deceased gentleman, who was but S.i years of age, had been in tailing health for two years, and 'leaves a widow and two children, for whom be had been unable to make any provision. SOME EXCITEMENT was eairaad a few days ago %• the discovery of a human body in an underground ceH;:r during the excavations now in progress in Little Bridge-street, Blackfmrs, London, for the purpose of "widening and improving that thoroughfare. The remains are so very much wasted that anything like identification •is entirely out of the question. Indeed, it is impossible =to say how long they 'have been interred. No trace a ■coffin has, we believe, been found. AT REIGATE, Henry Nevill, 27, of ClerkenweH, :and Thomas Smith, 26, of Bermondsev, London, were charged with picking the pocket, on Redhill platform, of a lady who had been staying in the neighbourhood. Prisoners were remanded. AT THE PETTY SESSIONS, Romford, three men, named Alfred Dove, 33, described as a Warley- road, Bethnal-green, London, Edward Crane, 53, a fitter, and Walter White, 28, a bootmaker, who refused their addresses, were charged on remand with burglariously entering the dwelling-house of the late Thomas Harding Newman, D.D., known as The Elms, Ardleigh-greeu, Hornchurch, and stealing therefrom a number of articles. Prisoners were again remanded. THE ANNIVERSARY of the birth of King George IIT. falling this year on a Sunday, the occasion will be celebrated on Monday, June 5, with tthe usual festivities at Eton College. The memorial to the Eton officers slain in the recent South African and Afghan campaigns—a handsomely carved organ screen—costing about JE2500, will be unveiled by fee Prince of Wales speeches will be delivered in the Upper School, and the Rev. C. 0. Goodford, D.D. (the Provost), and Fellows will give a banquet in the afternoon, the proceedings closing with a regatta upon the Thames and fireworks. By the bursting of one of the water mains connected with the water supply of Teeside, most of the engineering works, shipyards, and several other works have been laid idle for want of water,-the supply having b?en turned off for repairing a broken main. A OIAID having been made upon the betting men of Stockton, 12 of them feeing charged with ob- structing the thoroughfare or with assaults arising out of this, and fines were in most of the tcases inflicted. ATA MEETING of the Mersey Dooks and Harbour Board held in Liverpool, Mr. Guion stated that the pressure on the Board's accommodation for vessels was unprecedented, and notwithstanding the large area of dock accommodation recently opened at the north end of the city by the Prince and Primoess of Wales, the Board was still short of the space that was required at their h :nds. Under these circumstances :it had been arranged that the Herculanean dock should'be devoted to the use 'of shipowners, pending the decision of the Board as to deepening it. THE Hoyal Mines Commissioners have re- sumed their experiments in Rhondda Valley. An im- portant fact has been ascertained-viz., that the South Wales gas is less combustible than the gas of the Lan- cash ire coalfield. was a copy of the documents sent to the fept alter in the action by Mr. Gurney, of Northampton,'against Mr. Bradlaugh for illegally sitting and voting. In acknow- ledging the receipt of the pleadings, the Speaker says that he tecs no reason for interferingwith the proceedings now pending. AT THE TUNBBIDGE W:EI;LS COUNTY-COURT, before Mr. Lonsdale, the case'of Wyman versus the Rev. A EdoIl, rector of Ticehurst, and Mr. John Durrant, an auctioneer, was heard. It was an action to recover £ 10 damages for illegal distraint with reference to a seizure for extraordinary tithe. Mr.. Eve, barrister, was for the plaintiff, and Mr. Cripps for the defendant. The case was that the bailiff took four horses, which were espe- cially protected from being seized under the statute of Henry III. The defence was that it was not safe to distrain on anything else. His Honour gave a verdict for Mr. Eden, as no authority was proved, but said that Mr. Durrant, the auctioneer, was iliable, and gave a verdict for the plaintiff against him for £ 5. MB. CHRISTOPHER RICE MAN.SEL TALBOT, M.P. for Glamorganshire, and known as the Father of the House of Commons," has just entered on his 80th year, having been born on May 10, 1803. This gentle- man is a son of the late Mr. Thomas Mansel Talbot, his mother having been the Lady Mary "Lucy Fox-Strang- ways, daughter of the second Earl of Ilchester. Mr. Talbot has represented Giamorganshire in the House of Commons, uninterruptedly, since 1830, having thus been a member of Parliament for upwards of half a century, and is the only member of the present House who voted at the passing of the Reform BilL AT THE RICHMOND PETTY SESSIONS, before Mr. E. C. Dermer, chairman, and a full bench of magis- trates, Frederick Henry Wyviil, secretary of the Rich- mond and District Traders' Association, was charged on a summons with fraudulently converting to his own use a. bill of exchange, dated November 22nd, 1881, for zC46 Is. lOd. drawn by Henry Ford, builder, of Kingston, upon and accepted by one Joseph M'Morran, he being the bailee of the same. Defendant was committed for trial, but admitted to bail. AT THE CITY POLICE-COURT, Coventry, a youth Enmed Frederick Flowers was charged with having behaved in a disorderly manner in the Theatre Roval. Flowers was infringing the rules by smoking, and when spoken to by the proprietor he became insolent and abusive. Subsequently he struck a match, and delibe- rately threw it while alight from the gallery into the pit. He was then ejected by the police. In default of p lying a fine, Flowers went to prison for twenty-eight days with hard hibour. ON HER ARRIVAL, the Decean, Peninsular and Oriental steamer, at Suez, reported Vindobala ashore in lat. 28-47 north, long. 32-49 E. (in the Gulf of Suez), and requested that assistance might be sent. The Vindobala is bound from Shields for Bombay, and is an iron screw steamer of 1744 tons gross, built at Hebburn in 1880, and owned by Richard E. Symond, Newcastle- on-Tyne. AT the City Terminus Hotel, Cannon-street, London, the 21st annual meeting of the governors and supporters of the British Home for Incurables has been held, under the presidency of Mr. Charles Hood, F.R.S., chairman of the Board of Management. The report, which was read by the secretary (Mr. Robert G. Dalmond), and adopted, stated that, during the twenty-one years of its existence, the asylum had afforded comfort and con- solation to 522 hopelessly incurable and sadly afflicted sufferers. The expenditure for the year had exceeded the receipts by £358468. 4d. A sum of Y,1480 14s. 9d. had been received in legacies during the year. No less than £5029 13s. 4d. had been expended in pensions of £ 20 a year to those who, by their incurable diseases, were unable to support themselves. An earnest appeal was made for increased support, and regret was expressed that the charity had hitherto been excluded from any participation in the Sunday and Saturday hospital funds. A YERY LIVELY VESTRY MEETING has been held in Brighton to take into consideration the Town Council's action in purchasing Preston-park as a public park for Brighton for £ 50,000, A motion was submitted, declaring that the purchase was unnecessary, and for appointing a committee to oppose it by every legal means; to which an amendment was moved to the effect that the possession of the park by the town was desirable. After a warm debate for nearly three hours, the question was put, when 136 voted for the motion, and only 22 for the amendment, and the motion condemnatory of the purchase was declared carried. A CROWDED MEETING of the shareholders of the City of Glasgow Bank, which has lately been held, unanimously agreed to form an Assets Company, whose main object is to close the liquidation at once, pay the remaining liabilities of the bank, and also save the assets from forcible realisation. A WOMAN named Eranw Snelling, aged 63, has "expired in St. Thomas's Hosj ital, London, having re. Reived a fracture of the sIndt, and other injuries, by faliing down a staircae at the WandswGr.h Halfway Station. THE ExECUTION of Wm. Geo. Abigail, for the murder of Jane Flu Ikett, at New Cutton, will take placc at Norwich Castle on the 22nd iiist. THE EUNEEAL OF MR. THOMAS DANN. the iirst Mayor of Reigate, has taken place at the burving-ground of the Society of Friuids. Mr. Dann took a prominent^ part in advocating the direct line to Brighton, and, upon the advice of the late Mr. Richard C-obden, successfully agitated for a 'charter of incorporation for the bsrough, which was granted in 1863. LARGE QUANTITIES of cormorants are bein;,r found dead along the shore in Orkney, owing, it is sup- posed, to want of food, their general food being coal-fish, which this year are very scare round the island. In one little helm seven birds were found dead, and iia the west mainland they are coming from the sea up into the rocks, 4!. very rare occurrence. A LABOUBEB named Lawrence Holden has been killed at Guide, near Blackburn, by fee fall of some houses in the course of demolition. THE Minotaur, t flagship of Vice Admiral Dowell, commanding the Channel Squadron, has left h ;r anchorage at Spithead for Portland, where the squadron is to assemble in readiness for a cruise. THE ADMIRALTY COMMITTEE cm gas explosions in coal bunkers have brought their labours to a close on board the Mercury at Portsmouth, and will proceed with the preparation of their report without delay. Low TIDES have prevented salmon from run- ning up the Dee, and little has been done either in the upper or lower waters. The Chester fishermen have netted about twenty fine fish, while the trammel net men at the estuary have only secured some half score. Tides will speedily be more favourable. The fishermen have. however, experienced the most successful spring sport for many years past. BIG PAUL passed through Leicester a day or two ago, drawn by two powerful traction-engines Several thousand persons lined the thoroughfare to sef the bell. A CENTENARIAN has lately died at Maidstone Her name was Philadelphia Hunter, and on Aug. 26 th last she attained the age of 103 years. She had been bedridden for twelve years, and was slightly deaf, but she could see and speak wall. MR. S. W. KELLY, J.P., one of the two persons burnt in a colliery explosion 'in the Rhondda Valley has died. MR. CORONER. Poo-ias has held an inquest at Swinton Lodge, Milverton, Leamington, on the body of Miss Alice Ann Eccles, who resided there with her widowed mother.. lit was proved that deceased, ten or eleven years ago, was temporarily insane, and at intervals since had been strange. Last January she took such -a dose of syrup of chloral that she was comatose for hours, and almost miraculously recovered. A few nights ago she was found suffering from symptoms of poisoning by strychnine, and died before medical aid arrived. The jury came to the conclusion, from the medical evidence, that the deceased died from poison taken by herself whilst of unsound mind. Sllt NOEL PATON, F.S.A., and Queen's Limner for Scotland, has been presented with the freedom of Dunfermline. IT [S FEARED that not less than five fishing smacks sailing from Lowestoft, and carrying twenty-five hands, .have been lost in the recent gale, nothing having been since heard of them. IN ANSWER to a resolution sent him by the Mid-Kent Conservative Club, congratulating him on his escape from assassination, Mr. H. M'Gloin, of Ballymote, says It were idle to indulge in speculation about the future of that unfortunate-country, in face of the awful butchery of the .Chief and Under Secretaries in Dublin." THE Royal Scottish Academy Annual Exhibi- tion has lately closed. The. attendance has been quite as large as in former years, but there is a falling off' in sales as compared with last year and the two previous. There has been a gradual decrease from £ 7128 in 1879 to L5152 for the season just terminated. By A FIRE which lately occurred in the stables of Mr. Angus Cameron, cab niter, Daly-road, Edinburgh, four horses were suffocated. AT A MEETING of the General (Committee of the Educational Institute of Scotland, held in the High School, Edinburgh, a resolution in regard to the public Schools (Scotland) Bill was adopted by a large majority. THE APUIST WEEK'S CAMPAIGN of the Bl-ie Ribbon Army at St. Leonards has recently closed, when it was stated that during the six days' crusade upwards of 2000 persons had donned the badge. It was decided to continue the mission some little time longer. The fashionable season at Hastings has been unusually pro- longed this year, but it is now drawing to a close. THE body of ;a florist and seedsman, named Daniel Soper, carrying on business in Bartholomew- street, Newbury, has been found in the river Kennet, close to the town. Deceased was a married man, and had resided in Newbury many years. GEOJWE BATTAM:, 65, labourer, of Heath and Reach, was bronght up before the magistrates, at Leighton Buzzard, charged with the wilful murder of his wife, Mary Ann Battam, whose head he smashed with a bill hook as she was lying in bed. Medical evidence was called to prove that the prisoner had developed symptoms of brain softening. He was commiit -d for trial. I JOHN FRED. MAY, one of the solicitors com- mitted to nine months' imprisonment for bribery at tha election, 1880, has been discharged by order of the Home Secretary on the ground of ill-health. May was agent for the Conservatives. Wm. Mair, solicitor, ag-ent for the Liberals, sentenced to a similar term of imprison- ment, is still in prison. LLOYD'S AGENTS at New York telegraph that the Pliny (s), from Rio de Janeiro to New York, is ashore on Deal Beach. The passengers and crew were rescued, and probably the mails and cargo will be saved. The Pliny is owned by the Liverpool, Brazil, and River Plate Steam Navigation Company (Limited), Liverpool, was built at Barrow in 1878, and registers 1671 tons gross. JAMES NICHOL FLEMING, formerly a director of the City of Glasgow Bank, was brought before the sheriff a few days ago, charged with embezzlement of part of the funds of the bank, and was formally com- mitted for trial on that charge. The amount in question is said to be nearly a million sterling. AT LEEDS Margaret Roan, a well-dressed woman, was sent to gaol for three months for obtaining money by fortune-telling. AN INQUEST has been held at Leicester on the body of a man named Hopkins, belonging to Welling- borough, who attempted to murder his sweetheart, named Elizabeth Viccars. The couple left home together because their parents objected, to their marriage on religious grounds, and, while walking by the side of the canal, Hopkins kissed the girl, bade her good-bye, and then seizing her rushed with her into the eanal. He was drowned, but she was rescued. The jury returned a ver- dict of Suicide whilst temporary insane." HENRY ALFRED TEED, farmer,Whitchurch, was charged, on remand, at the Dorset County Police-court, with a brutal assault upon Levi Bridle, a neighbour of his. The Town Hall was crowded. Mr. Howard, Mayor of Wey- mouth, appeared for the defence, and Mr. Tweed, of Honiton, appeared for the prosecution. Several witnesses were called, and prisoner was remanded, bail being refused. IN MAGNIFICENT WEATHER a numerous body of gentlemen, members of the Brighton and Sussex Natural History Society, took part in the first field excursion for the season a few days ago. The rendezvous was the ancient village of Cuckfield, and having taken train to Hayward's heath Station, the party inspected the numerous objects of interests en route, as well as in the more immediate vicinity of the village, and returned home late in the evening. THE DORSET Regiment of Yeomanry Cavalry have assembled at Dorchester for the annual training. As three of the bandsmen were proceeding to the county town in a trap, one of the traces broke, and they were thrown into the road. Mr. Hunt, the bandmaster, fell on his head and was seriously injured. He is not expected to recover. MATTERS still continue unsettled at the Festiniog slate quarries consequent upon the refusal of the employers to shorten the hours of work. Every effort is being made to obviate a strike, which would be most serious, since nearly 10,000 men would be affected. CIRCULARS have been liberally distributed amongst the tenant farmers of Wales asking their opinion of the merits of the following alternative schemes for remedying the grievances of which they complain: The formation of a Welsh Land League to have the direction of all combined movements on the part of agriculturists in the principality, the head- quarters to be on the joint confines of North and South Wales; the establishment of a separate executive for North and South Wales respectively the general exten- sion in Wales of the Farmers' Alliance; and the establish- ment of farmers' societies in every carish and village in the principality. I AT THE PETTY SESSIONS, Gainsborough, I George Musgr&ve, a large farmer, of Ferry, was sent to prison for fourteen days for having assaulted a woman 75 years old, by breaking a rake-shaft over her head, and otherwise tll'ireating her. Two years ago prisoner was charged with breaking some of the ribs of the same woman. woman. stealing therefrom between JE20 and £ 30 in money, two cheques, and two rings, value £20. Prisoner was remanded. IT IS STATED that the governorship of Ber- mudas has been offered to Lieut.-General T. L. J. Gallwav, Royal Engineers, the present Inspector-General of Fortifi- cations and Director of Works at home. The appointment is worth X2746 per annum, and has been held by an officer of the Scientific Corps for the last thirty years. AT TISE BOROUGH POLICE COURT, Dover, Hester Parker and Emma Earl, two inmates of the Union Workhouse, were charged with violently assault- ing and 'beating Susannah Cooper, an aged inmate, of 82 years, with intent to do her grevious bodily harm. The assault, which was of:a very brutal character, took place some 'time ago, but the old lady has been hitherto unafole, from the effects of her injuries, to give the authorities any reliable information of the circumstances under which the assault was committed. It was proved ia ^evidence that Parker pulled the woman out of bed, tore her clothes off her, and maltreated her in a very cruel manner. The prisoners were remanded. THE QUEEN'S BENCH, Dublin, have refused the application of the Rev. Thomas Feenan, C.C., of Castletown, county Carlow, for the quashing of the magistrate's order under which he was committed to gaol for six months in default of giving bail for his good behaviour. He had been charged with using highly iinciting language at a Land League meeting. THE LORD ADVOCATE has finally dec:ded that the Skye crofters who are charged with resisting the sheriff's process shall be tried at Inverness without a jury. SHORTLY after eight o'clock in the morning, as a large three-masted schooner was being towed down the Thames she gave a lurch and fell over -on her beam-ends. She was towed into Blackwall Reach, just off the Isle of Dogs, where she was 'left lying on 'her side, with masts touching the bottom. The crew were rescued by boats from shore, except one man, who was caught in the cable and drowned. The vessel had no ballast and no pilot. A LABOURER, named John Hiscock, has been charged at the Hove Police-court with embezzling S,4 13s. 10d., the money of John Wrapson, his master, on the 4th March last. Prisoner was sent to a builder named William Humphrey., with a bill, and after drawing the money he absconded. He was apprehended at Yri in- borne. Prisoner, who bore an excellent character, was sentenced to three months' imprisonment with hard labour. THE REMAINS -OF CAPTAIN BULKELEY, late of the First Life Guards, director of the Great Western Railway Company, and/president of the Albert Institute, has been interred in the churchyard of St. Andrew, at Clewer, near Windsor. A special 'train convevcd the chief officials of the Great Western Railwav from Pad- dingtoll to Windsor. Prince and Princess Christian were represented by Colonel the Hon. A. Liddell, Deputy Ranger of Windsor Great Park. THE London City Companies' Commission recently met at 2, Victoria-street, Westminster. Present -the Earl of Derby, chairman the Duke of Bedford, ViscountSherbrooke, Lord Coleridge, Sir R. A. Cross, Sir S. H. Waterlow, M.P., Mr. Alderman Cotton, M.P., Mr. Pell, M.P., Mr. W. H. James, M.P., Mr. Firth, M.P., and Mr. H. D. Warr, sectary. THE Quarterly B ;ard of the Tithe Redemp- tion Trust has been held at the offices, 9, Bridge-street, Westminster, Lord John Manners, M.P., in the chair. In the cases of Great Sutton, diocese of Chester, and Moun- ton, diocese of Llandafi, grants of £ 20 each were made. The following were also before the Board: Angle, diocese of St. David's Bryngwyn, diocese of LlandaiT Brvnamman, diocese of St. David's Llangari, diocese of I Llandaff; Chedworth, diocese of Gloucester and Bristol Townstall, diocese of Exeter. DURING TiEE (RECENT GALE at Stornoway, four boats were lo$t and weight fishermen drowned. Since then, the weather being calm and beautiful, all the cod and ling fishing boats from the west coast of Lewis have proceeded long distances off into the Atlantic, and the herring fishing tots 'from here and other fishing ports, about 300 in .umber, also went long distances. They were, however ,ill caught by another gale, which the fishermen describe as the most terrible ever experienced by them on this ocas' THE DISTURBANCE, at Brighouse against the Irish workmen have been renewed, and the mob suc- ceeded in breaking the windows of the Catholic chapel. Several policemen were. injured, and two bystanders. The police have been largely reinforced and clear the streets directly the crowd 'begin to assemble. THE RETURSTSOF EMIGRATION from the Mersev for the month of April have been completed by the officials at Liverpool, and show that, great as was the stream to America and other countries last year, it is being surpassed in the present season. The total number of emigrants who left the Mersey in April was 38,865. Of these 32,228 proceeded to the United States, 6300 to Canada and British North America, 37 to Australia, 148 to South America, 53 to the East Indies, 2 to the West Indies, 33 to China, 55 to the West Coast of Africa, and 3 to the Cape of Good Hope. The nationalities of the emigrants were English, 16,734; Scotch, 161; Irish, 3972; and foreigners, 17,768; 230 not being distin- guished. In the month of March last the total number of emigrants was 20,410 and in April, 1881, the number was 35,640. Up to the end of last month the total de- partures from the Mersey were no fewer than 73,198. AN ALARMING ACCIDENT has occurred at the Skating Rink, Oldham, where the Salvation Army are holding their services. It appears that the people were leaving the building, when the flooring in the passage gave way, and they fell a distance of six or seven feet. About thirty people fell into the gap, and half a dozen were injured, having to be sent home in cabs. The injured are progressing favourably. One received a spinal injury. THE PLYMOUTH TOWN COUNCIL have, for the third time, considered the question of granting a site on the Hoe for the re-erection of Smeaton's Tower. They have twice previously passed an affirmative resolution, but on the last occasion by so narrow a majority (twO) that notice to rescind was given. At the last meeting Alderman Luscombe moved and Alderman Shelly seconded the rescinding of the two previous resolutions, but after an animated discussion, which lasted nearly three hours, this motion was defeated by a largo majority The decision has given great satisfaction throughout the town. EnWARD WHEELER, formerly a flour mer- chant, has been charged at Hartlepool, residing at Seaton Carew, at the West Hartlepool Police-court, with uttering three forged bills, amounting to JE485, with intent to defraud. Mr. Balmer, manager to Messrs. Davison, millers, Newcastle, deposed to the prisoner enclosing in a letter five bills, one for £235, drawn by prisoner, and purporting to have been accepted by Robert H. Rowe, and he advanced prisoner £300, carrying the balance to his credit. In January following the prisoner called at their office, and tendered one bill purporting to by accepted by Edward Upton, of South Bank, for £ 100, and another, £ 150, purporting to be accepted by Robert Rowe, Hartlepool. All these bills were dishonoured. The signatures on the two bills were repudiated by Mr. Rowe, who now stated that prisoner had confessed to forging bills for £ 2300. He was committed for trial. I THE MARQUESS OF NORMANBY is on a visit to Queensland, where his son, Lord Henry Phipps, is engaged in sugar planting. His Excellency was well received in Brisbane, and will be entertained at a banquet ¡. before his departure. MR. T. H. BOLTON, Chairman of the Anti-ex- traordinary Tithe Association, has addressed a meeting of farmers at Edenbridge, Kent. He enumerated several parishes in Kent and the adjoining county where the clergy were in receipt of considerably over £ 1000 a year from the ordinary tithe, and not content with that, they j insisted upon the exaction of the extraordinary tithes, j He believed if the clergy were alive to what were their I true interests they would meet the growers in a con- ? siderate manner and relieve them of this impost. A re- solution in favour of the abolition of the extraordinary tithe charges was unanimously passed, as was also a second resolution in favour of the Farmers' Alliance.
.DRD SPENCER AND THE IRISHI…
DRD SPENCER AND THE IRISH PEOPLE. TOUttlNG LETTER FROM LADY F. CAVENDISH. A (putation from the Dublin Chamber of Commerce and e Belfast Corporation attended a few days ago at the etle to present addresses to the Lord Lieutenant. His icellency addressed a few words in reply to each addrc, and then gave a common reply to both. He said: "?u come to me at a time of supreme anxiety and sorro, A terrible crime has deprived the Queen and the (untry of two devoted and high-minded public BCTvais, and I and many others have lost two dear and value friends. One was untried in Irish government, but bhis tragic death Ireland has lost a man who with energand singleness Gf purpose was about to spare no exerth in the task of promoting peace and prosperity in thicountry, and at the same time sound and bene- ficial lianges in her laws. The other was an Irishman, with he deepest sympathy for every Irish class and causewho, during my long experience of him, whilst di- rectir the steps necessary for the maintenance of law, neverorgot tbe sides of equity and humanity. This loss to Ire-nd and her people can only be fully appreciated by thse who worked with him, and knew his noble and uprigt nature. Under these circumstances I resume the goverment of this country. My first task is to see that every tep is taken to trace the criminals who have com- mittecthis foul deed. I am sparing no pains to arrive at tIll end. The universal horror expressed makes me onfident that all classes will aid the Goverment in bringing to justice those enemies to thy country. It will be my duty fairly and with- out filching to maintain and enforce the law, and thus istore confidence in those parts of the country where he life and liberty of the Queen's subjects have been edangered by the lawless acts of unprincipled men. Againt those and those only the Government have pre- pared ncasures to supplement the power of the ordinary law. We shall at the same time endeavour to deal liberaiv with questions like that of arrears of rent, whielappear to be retarding the restoration of order. I earnetly appeal to all classes of the community, without distinction of oreed or politics, to support us in our difficut task. I thank you for the sympathy which you e:press towards the relatives of my two dear friends. Their ^rief is profound, but no word of bitterness has fallen rom them. My relative, Lady Frederick Caven- dish, ithough bowed down by her irreparable loss, is animaed by a spirit so noble that I take this, the earlies: possible opportunity which has presented its,-If to me, of making it known to the Irish nation. In a letter whichl received from her two days ago she says I nould be very glad if there can be any means of lettin: it be known in Ireland, so as to have some good effect, that I would never grudge the sacrifice of ,my darlinr's life if only it leads to the putting down of the frightul spirit of evil in the land. He would never have grudgd it if he could have hoped that his death would do mire than his life. There does seem some hope of this, aid you are doing all you can to keep down that dreadfil danger of panic and blind vengeance.' Let hese noble Christian principles be our guide at the momert of trial and anxiety. Let it be known in this conntr; that Englishmen are determined to do justice to Ireland, and to promote her welfare with a devotion equal to but not surpassing that which has been so tragically cut short. Then from the darkest night may rise a aright day. I most sincerely thank yon.for your loyal expression towards the Queen. I highly appre- ciate the friendly sympathy extended to myself, and I take this, the first occasion which presents itself, of thanking the numerous public bodies throughout Ireland for thcresolutions which they have submitted to me, and which re-echo, I feel sure, the feelings of the Irish as x nation."
DREADFUL TRAGEDY IN THE WEST…
DREADFUL TRAGEDY IN THE WEST END OF LONDON. A shocking tragedy has occurred in the West-end of Hammersmith, London, in which three children were murdered by their mother, who also inflicted severe injurifS upon herself, from the effects of which she died in the West London Hospital a few hours afterwards. The names of the victims are Ellen Gardener, aged 4 years; Robert Gardener, 2 years; and John Gardener, 3 months. They were the children of Robert Gardener, a gardener, who lived with his wife, Eliza, occupying four rooms over a gate- way at 3, Theresa-mews, West-end, Hammersmith. murdered children were discovered by the father on returning home to dinner shortly after one o'clock. He was first met in the mews by another son, who asked h it. if he had seAn his mother, as she was not at home. As soon as he got upstairs he saw the clothes of Robert lying on a table in the front room. He called Eliza several times and got no answer. He looked through the keyhole of the door of the back room, which was locked on the inside, and saw his wife raise herself up by means of the cot, unlock the door in a staggering condition, and fall on the bed, where she was afterwards found lying between two of her dead children. Her husband went into the room and was horrified at the sight before him. Two of t-he children were lying across the bed with the mother their throats being cut in a fearful manner. The children were all undressed, and the baby was lying in bed with his throat cut. The husband immediately went in search of a doctor, and on the way met Sergeant Wiilsher, and told him that his wife had murdered her three children. The sergemt procured the assistance of a constable, who went with him to the place and found a carving knife much worn covered with blood under the bed. Another knife was found on the bed, also a bottle containing a liquid. The sergeant, with the assistance of In- spector Walsh, conveyed the mother to the hospital, where she died about four o'clock in the afternoon. At present the bodies of the children remain in the room, pending the gathering of the particulars, by Inspector Walsh for the information of the coroner. No cause can be assigned for the shocking tragedy. According to the information given by the husband he lived most happily with his wife, to whom he had been married about twelve years. He left home about nine o'clock in the morning to go to work, and his wife was then in her usual health. She was also seen by a neighbour half an hour afterwards. That appeared to be the last time she was seen before the dreadful occurrence. The deceased woman was thirty- five years of age, and the neighbours speak very highly of her.
I A REMARKABLY IMPORTANT BABr.
A REMARKABLY IMPORTANT BABr. In the capital of Imperial Germany, as well as in the Royal burgh of Potsdam, salvoes of artillery and peals of church bells have greeted the birth of an heir-apparent in the third degree to the German and Prussian thrones. The baby-boy whose debut upon the stage of life was thus clamorously welcomed is in more than one respect a very remakable personage, and the "happy event:' of which he, all unconsciously, is the hero cannot but be fraught with exceptional interest to Europe at large. It is impossible to recall from the history of the past any instance of a Royal infant whose birth ensured the dynastic succession to an Imperial crown so far forward as to the third generation from that of its actual wearer, and who, the great grandson of two puissant Sovereigns, was born during the lifetime of his illustrious great-grandparents. That, however, is the relationship in which the venerable German Kaiser and our own Empress-Queen stand towards the youngest offshoot of the stately and fruitful Hohenzollern family- tree. In all human probability his Royal Highness's prcspects of inheriting the sceptre still so stoutly wielded by his Imperial great-grandpapa are ex- tremely remote. He is the scion of a long- lived race; his grandfather, the Crown Prince, is in the prime of life, a type of manly vigour and robust health, and his father, Prince William, the junior major of the Prussian army,completed his twenty- third year barely four months ago. If, however, he live long enough, this tiny representative of the Royal Houses founded by Henry the Lion and the great Nuremberg Burgrave will one day reign over from fifty to sixty millions of Germans, and wear upon his brow an imperial diadem emblematic of the greatest Power in Continental Europe.
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THE Crocodile, trooper, has arrived at Spit- head with military invalids and time-expired men from India. THE late Mr. Edward Pugh, of Wolverhamp- ton and Bilston, has left bequests to the following institu- tions Wolverhampton Eye Infirmary, £ 1000 Wolver- hampton Orphan Asylum, £ 1000 Wolverhampton and Staffordshire Hospital, £ 1000; Church Pastoral Aid Society, £1000; British and Foreign Bible Society, jSlOOO Church Missionary Society, jMOO Edgbaston Blind Asylum, FZOO; Edgbaston Deaf and Dumb Asylum, £500; Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, E300. The deceased has also left the sum of £ 1500 in the hands of his executors to purchase the right of presenta- tion to St. Luke's Chnrch, Bilston, now exercised alter. nately by the Crown and the Bishop of Lichfield. A CASE of housebreaking and robbery having been reported to the Wolverhampton police, a constable went to the London and North-Western Railway Station, and there captured the thief just as he was leaving for S afford.
REVIEW OF THE CORN TRADE.
REVIEW OF THE CORN TRADE. The weather has been very brilliant during the week, and the temperature high during the daytime, but the winds have been rather harsh and the nights colder. Vegetation is now making rapid progress, and a certain amount of improvement is to be noted in respect of all the wheats. On sound well-cultivated land the plant is regaining, or has regained, its healthy appear- ance, but with regard to the rest crop prospects range from indifferent to bad. Some of the less promis- ing wheats may yet improve greatly under favourable conditions, but there is a proportion of the crop which is past all reasonable hope of turning out well. It may safely be assumed that even the best of the wheats have suffered some damage, and that the crop, as a whole, cannot be as great as at one time it promised to be pos- sibilities, however, will be more easily discounted a little later. As matters now stand the larger proportion of the wheat acreage is unfavourably spoken of, and if good appearances are found only on good land in good heart, it is to be feared that satis- factory results will be confined to an unfortunately small area. The spring-sown grain is making good progress, and is generally full of promise. Beans are an unusually stout crop, and have blossomed remarkably well the pea crops, too, are mostly satisfactory. In fact, every- thing looks remarkably well except the wheats. With regard to the grain trade, there has been a week of extreme dulness at nominally unchanged rates; but prices are weaker all round. English wheat cannot be written cheaper, but sales are increasingly difficult, and the lower qualities are rather more pressed on the market. Foreign wheat off-stands in London has been taken sparingly by millers on each market day at nominally late rates factors have not in all cases been able to obtain the prices current during the previous week, and on the whole values are weaker. Sunshine has exercised its usual influence on the trade at this time of year, but figures just now are exercising a much stronger one. The arrivals to the port of London have been mo'lerate of wheat—namely, 13,441 qrs. from Australia and New Zealand, 10,702 qrs. from Germany, 8097 qrs. from India, 6717 qrs. from Russia, and 5658 qrs. from U. S. Atlantic ports together 44,615 qrs. of foreign, which, with 3965 qrs. of English, make a total of 49,660 qrs. for the week. In Liverpool values have declined about 2d. per cental on the week. The trade for flour has been dull and quiet throughout the week, and the London supply has been heavy— namely, 39,500 sacks foreign and 19,344 sacks English, together 58,844 sacks for the week. Maize in London has been quotably unchanged, but practically has been about 6d. cheaper than during the previous week. In Liverpool, on the contrary, it was Id. to 2d. per cental dearer on Friday. On passage, European maize is about 6d. cheaper from the previous week. Grinding barley has declined 6d. to Is., and rather more business has been passing at the decline. Oats are quiet and somewhat weaker in value. Beans and peas have remained at former prices, which were Is. higher for peas. Linseed has sold at 46s., but rather less money has probably been accepted. Some South American seed is now on sale in London. The trade for wheat cargoes on passage or shipping has been very inanimate during the week, and buyers appear to have retired from the market for the moment. The number of steamer cargoes on passage or shipping now on sale is twelve, all being Russians. The steamer cargoes on passage or shipping for ports-of-cail are twenty-three, all being Russians for direct ports there are forty-one steamer cargoes on passage or shipping, namely, thirty-two Indians, live Russians, three Chilian, and one Australian. Quotations are nominally unchanged. There are now no cargoes of Indian wheat destined to ports-of-call.
LONDON" MARKETS.
LONDON" MARKETS. CORN (MARK-LANE).—Business at Mark-lane was without special feature. Crop accounts are generally favourable, thereby checking business, aud the American trade also is dull. Supplies ofiermg, both Eutriish and foreign, were about equal to the demand, tn^listi wheat was in quiet request, but was fairly steady 11l value. For foreign wheat the demand was only moderate, and prices were unaltered. Flour sold slowly, at late rates. The barley trade was dull, most qua, ities declining 6d per qr. The oat trade was quieter, and prices were weak, ruling 3d to 6d easier on the week. Beans and peas changed hands slowly, at late currencies. Mize was the turn lower on the week, with a limited demand. SEEDS.-Messrs. John Shaw and Sons report that the sowing demand for clover seeds is now at an end, and our markets consequently present a quiet appearance. Advices from Liverpool report some speculative inquiry for Canadian red, for holding over. As regards mustard and rape seed, the tendency is upwards. Some scarlet runner beans are now offering on Mark-lane at unusually low rates. For canary seed there is an improved feeling, accounts of the growing crops being unfavourable. CATTLE (METBOPOLITAN).—The total imports of foreign stock into London for the week amounted to 17,317. In the corresponding period last year we received 22,492 m 1880. 17,157; in 1879, 20,695; JII 1»78, 19,024; in lb77, 11,555; in It-76,20,230 head. Owing to cooler weather and firmness 01 the dead meat market, the cattle trade is stronger, but without animation. Fresh supplies of English beasts were moderate those of Scotch and Irish limited. There is o fair demand at steady prices. Best Scots and crosses sold at 5s Sd to 5s lOd per SiIJ. From Norfolk, Suffolk, and Essex we received about 12U0, from the Midland and home counties about 800, from Scotland 84, and from Ireland 50 head. An increased supply of beasts was observed on the foreign side of the market. There were about 103 American, and an equal number of Swedish, besides the usual compnment of Danish. The trade was quret, at steady prices for fine breeds. The sheep pens were moderately well filled. The trade was quiet, and prices were about the same as during the previous week. The be.-t Downs and half-breds sold at tis 4d to 6s 6d per 81b. Lambs were quoted at 8s to 8s 6d per 81b Calves and pigs were steady. At Deptford there were 1000 beasts and 8iiU0 s^eep. Coarse and inferior beasts, 4s to 4c- 6*d second quality, 4s 61 to 6s prime large oxen, 5s to 58 8d prime Scots, 5s Sd to 5s 10d; coarse and inferior sheep, 5. to 5s 6d second quali'y, 5s od to 6s; prime coarse woolied, Cs to 6s 2d prime Southdown, bs 4d to Us 6d; lambs, 7s 6d to 8d 6d j large coarse calves, 5s 4d to 6s prime small ditto, 6s to 6s 4d large hogs, 4s 6d to 5s reat small porkers, 5s to 5s 4d per 81b to sink the offal. Total supply Beasts, 2590 sheep and lambs, 9800 calves, 100; pigs, ZO. Foreign ditto Beasts, 620; sheep and lamb*, lo0 calves, 40; pigs, 20. MEAT (METROPOLITAN).—A moderate supply of meat was all ofl'er. With cooler weather the trade was firm. Prices: Inferior beef, 3s to 3s 8d middling ditto, 4s to 4s Gd prime large ditto, 4s 6d to 5s prime small ditto, 4s lOd to be, 2d; veal, 5s to 5s 4d; inferior mutton, 3s lOd to 4s 4d; middling ditto, 4s J-d to 5s 4d; prime ditto, 5s 6d to 6s 4d; ltrgeporft, 3s 8d to 4s; small pork, 4s 4d to 4s 8d and lamb, 7s 4d to 8s per 81b by the carcase. GAME AND POULTRY.-Irish fowls, Is 9d to 3s ditto, 2s to 3s rid Boston ditto, 2s 6d to 3s 9d; Sussex ditto, 3s to 4s; Surrey ditto, 5s to 10s; live ditto, Is tid to 3s rabbit i, 2s to 2s 6d hires, 3s to 4s Od pigeons, 6d to 8d Bordeaux ditto, Is to Is Gd- quail, ls9d to is haunches of venison, 60s to feOs each.
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Devonshire, the landlord of the Dock Hotel, in that town. was charged with a breach of his license. The defendant had orders to provide a leg of mutton supper, and he asked the local superintendent of police to grant him an extension of hours. The superintendent sent a message to the effect that he had no power to grant the extension applied for, upon which the defendant said, "Well, if I can't get an extension I will make them all lodgers." Between one and two o'clock on the follow- ing morning the police went to the house and found six men playing cards with wniskev on the table hence the police prosecution. It was contended for the defence that no offence had been committed, inasmuch as all the men in the house had ordered and paid for beds, and thereby become lodgers. On the part of the prosecution it was rejoined that the men were not bono, fide lodgers, inasmuch as they had houses of their own in King's Lvnn. The magistrates dismissect the summons, express- ing their opinion that the word "lodger "must be taken to imply a per-on sleeping in an inn or public-house one night, having engaged his bed before closing time. It is stated that the case will be camej. to the Court of Queen's Bench. COLONEL STEPHENS, a retired officer, has been charged at Cheltenham with shooting at Mr. Frank Littledale, in Fulwood-park, with attempt to murder. The prisoner went into the park, and threatened to send the bailifis to turn Littledale's father out. Afterwards he went again and fired a pistol at the yeung gentleman. The defence was that the prisoner suffered from mental aberration. Years ago, when serving in India, he was cut on the head with a sabre, as he believed, by a Russian spy. Since then he b" had an idea that Russian emis- saries were in all parts of the globe, and his duty was to punish them. He declared he saw a Russian spy in court. The prisoner was remanded. HER MAJESTY'S SHIP Cormorant, Acting Commander T. K Maxwell, has lett Sydney for England to pay off. She was tomini.-sioned at Chatham on July :1878. AT THE PETTY SESSIONS, Sittingbourne, Thomas James Trimming, banker's clerk, was charged on remand with embezzling the sum of j620, the money of his employers, the London and County Banking Com- pany. The prisoner, who appeared to feel his position very acutely, had been for sixteen years in the service of the comply, and haci been at the Sittingbourne branch since January, 1877- The embezzlement was discovered during Trimming's illness, and he now pleaded guilty. Mr. Mullens, solicitor, on behalf of the company, said that, lor the s.ikeot the prisoner'swife and three children, who had been brought up very respectably, they were willing that the case should Ledetiltwithsmninarily. Prisoner was sentenced to six months' hard labour.
GARDENING, &c.
GARDENING, &c. ■ VOEK JROTT THE WEEK.-Sowing Giant Emerald Marrow, British Queen, Ne Plus Ultra, and Omega Peas- potting on large tomatoes for fruiting in pots planting Unt another fraiie-with Telegraph Cucumbers, and one withGreentiesh felons; mulching late Strawberries with chaff cut from stObIe litter clearing off Broccoli stumps, manuring the ground, and getting it dug up for another crop potting Vesuvius and Dr. Lindkv Pelargo- niums for autum^ blooming; also young Cyclamens, afterwards placing them in heat and shading them during the day; sowing Mignonette in 6-in. pots for house decoration; placing Tomatoes out of doors to harden off ready for planting; topping the shoots of. Broad Beans winch are in dower. Planting out Gourds, Marrows, and ridge Cucumbers; mowing and rolling down Grass potting Calceolarias and Primulas sowing CiÀôt Emperor Stocks out of doors, and Interme- diate Stocks in boxes placed in a warm frame planting a few Chillies out of doors in the warmest situation available for them. Potting on Pelargoniums of sorts for antuinn and winter blooming; looking over the Asparagus beds regularly, and keeping them closely cut down nailing and tying in the young shoots on Rose walls, and washing them where lequired with Quassia-chip water to kill green-fly sowing London and Paris White Cos and Neapolitan Cabbage Lettuces, Spinach and Radishes planting outTropseolum canariense, Gnaphaliuni Centau- reas, and Zonal Pelargoniums. Sowing Early Snowball and Strap-leaf Turnips planting out Leeks in deep drills looking over Seakale beds and thinning out the crowns hoeing amongst all growing crops; putting in cuttings of Pansies: syringing Peach trees out of doors in order to keep off insects earthing up Potatoes as fast as they ap- pear above ground thinning Carrots, Turnips, and Beet- root hoeing and otherwise cleaning Onion beds dig- ging land for planting Brussels Sp outs, Cabbages, and Savoys. Sowing Early Horn Carrots for drawing young; planting out a large space with Early Dwarf Ulm Savoys also Tomatoes against a south wall look- ing over the Peach walls, disbudding the trees where required, picking off curled leaves and keeping them well syringed to keep down insects; potting double Wall- flowers and Selaginellas sowing another batch of Bal- sams, Iberhes, Wallflowers, and Pentstemons likewise Brompton Stocks, Alyssum, and Oxalis putting short Grass between Strawberry plants on which the fruit has set. Planting out Calceolarias, Pelargoniums, and other bedding plants; also Autumn-giant and Self-protecting Cauliflower plants in deep drills giving Vineries when the Grapes are swelling a good soaking of -guano-water thinning out Beet, Onions, Carrots, and Parsnips, and running the Dutch hoe between the drills thinning out Spinach and Turnips shifting Celosias into 10-in. pots, and placing them in a warm pit; potting Mimulns for the conservatory also Ice-plants and Fuchsias; sowing Rudbeckias, Polyanthuses, and Mvosotis also French and Long-pod Beans, Champion of England Peas, and another crop of summer Spinach planting a small bed of White Celery to come into use for kitchen puipjses early, and pricking out young Celery plants in open border,, removing Tomatoes to cold pit; disbudding Peach trees out of doors, and thinning the fruit, so as to leave three to a shoot; also thinning Apricots, and niling in all leading shoots. INSECTS ON WINDOW PLANTS.—There are manj people who have not much convenience for plant-growing, but who like to have their windows gay with flowers; and one of the greatest difficulties with which they have to contend is the destruction of aphides, to which their plants are subject, which are not easily killed by fumi- gation where no proper place is at hand to apply it; and where only a few plants happen to be affected, the opera- tion often gets put off until they are half spoilt. In such a case as this, the most simple and convenient remedy is to get an ounce or two of common Scotch snuff, and dust it over the affected plants, for which purpose use a bit of fine gauze, formed in the shape of a small bag; if this is found to be too open use the gauze double, and, in applying the snuff, by the plants down on their sides over a newspaper—by this means there will be no waste, the paper catching all that does not stick to the leaves. There is one thing to be observed in this, as in all other methods of destroying insects on plants, and that is, the snuff must be applied in such a. way as to reach every affected shoot and leaf, otherwise the destruction will only be partial. Allow it to remain on for a few days, after which the plants may be again laid on their sides, and the snuff washed off by syringing them with clean rain-water, repeating the operation on the re-appearance of insects until they are wholly destroyed.- P.LAXTiNGr VINEs.-In preparing an outside Vine border some consideration should be given to the locality, what is its average rainfall, and what is the nature oi u^e subsoil. In dry, porous districts less artificial drainage will be required, and the prepared soil should be in greater bulk than would be necessary where the subsoil was clay and the rainfall heavy. In average situations, 3ft. in depth of good loam from a pasture or common, and if a bushel or so of bones could be added to every two loads of soil, it will be better than yard manures, whose tendency is to clog up and render the border sour and pasty. There must. of course, be drain- age and if the soil is not naturally porous enough to carry off the wat-T, a drain deep enough to lav the site dry must be run to a good outfall. When the subsoil is bad the roots must be kept out of it, and there is no better plan than placing a layer of concrete over the bottom, 4 in. thick, with an inclination to the drain in front. On the concrete place from 6 in. to 9 in. of stones or brickbats, and on this foundation make the border of chopped turf and bones. The Vines may be planted any time. May is a good month, and so is August. Uncoil the roots as much as possible, and shade, if need be, till the plants have recovered the check. Mulch and water as required. HYDRANGEAS IN POTS.—Few flowering plants which are brought to market are held in higher estimation than Hydrangeas, and nearly all London florists grow them largely. Their huge heads of rosy-coloured blossoms last for a considerable time, even when placed in dark dusty rooms, provided the roots of the plants receive plenty of water. Hydrangeas are struck from cuttings usually obtained from old plants growing in the open ground, with which most places are furnished. Thev are inserted in autumn, winter, and spring, and dnrin"* the time they are leafless they are packed closely together under stages or other out-of-the-way places until they again start into growth, when they must have air, light, and water if healthy, green foliage and large heads of bloom be desired. Tie plants are flowered in from twelve to fifteen months, each plant bearing from one to three magnificent heads of bloom. The largest plants, which have several shoe's, are those struck from cuttings in the autumn, and which have been stopped. Those that we see in the market with a sinde stem sur- mounted by one immense head of bloom are the produce of cuttings struck during the winter and spring. The soil used for Hydrangeas is good loam, to which are added some well-rotted manure and sand Those plants which are required to produce blue flowers are either grown in soil Illixed with steel filings or thev are watered with water in wficli steel filings have been steeped. AURICULAS.—The great oulk of the show varieties should now be in bloom, ard some of the earliest will be shedding their flowers the latter require water only sparingly. If some seed f required, a few of the very best kinds should be set aside for the purpose, and should not be allowed to <Wry more than three or four pods. In order to have the seed of the fine-edged Auriculas as true to character as possible, the flowers should be kept afay from the alpine varieties. Some of our most success-cultivators will not grow a single alpine Auricula fof fear of tainting their strain. As the recent cold wInd; and storms have necessitated keeping the plants some^at close, they are very apt to become infested with grctl fly, and require to be cleansed from it. An artist's bri;h passed over the leaves occa- sionally will be found o Service. CHEVSANTHEMUJIS.Plants that are at all backward should be placed in thesreenhouse or be kept in a cold frame and somewhat epsle till they get a good start; the stronger and more folll"ard plants need not be kept so close, but they should^ sheltered from cold winds. and on no account be all<y'e<l to suffer from want of water Stopping must be dole as required; now is the time to lay the foundation Of good blooming plants for the cultivator'111 VigilaCe shouM the motto of the TKEATMEXT OF GIlA-s.-Grass should be rolled about three days t/ore it is mown, and again directly afterwards; edges c beds and verges should be neatly ge clipped with shearpr cut with the edging iron. Any subsidence in neJy made plots should be at once remedied. In enY case where it is necessary to hft and relay turf, jimediately it is down it should be thickly covered wP fme r^ch soil; the unsightliness of this for a few day;nr^ bs amply rewarded by the Grass being saved fror burning, and by its becoming green in a much £ orter time than when it is left bare, as is too often tt case moreover, it fills up any inter- stices which ma.be left, and acts as a fertiliser. It is also advisable t¡sow about two bushels of seed of fine lawn Grass pertcre at the same time, lightly rakino- over the surfae; it may then be left for a few days, raked over aga:» and thorougly rolled thus treated a good lawn may* formed even in dry weather